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Zhang L, Li Y, Hu W, Gao S, Tang Y, Sun L, Jiang N, Xiao Z, Han L, Zhou W. Computational identification of mitochondrial dysfunction biomarkers in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: Facilitating therapeutic applications of phytomedicine. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 131:155784. [PMID: 38878325 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, SARS-CoV-2 has not disappeared and continues to prevail worldwide, with the ongoing risk of mutations and the potential for severe COVID-19. The impairment of monocyte mitochondrial function caused by SARS-CoV-2, leading to a metabolic and immune dysregulation, is a crucial factor in the development of severe COVID-19. PURPOSE Discover effective phytomedicines based on mitochondrial-related biomarkers in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS Firstly, differential gene analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were conducted on monocytes datasets to identify genes and pathways distinguishing severe patients from uninfected individuals. Then, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) obtained. Take the DEGs and intersect them with the MitoCarta 3.0 gene set to obtain the differentially expressed mitochondrial-related genes (DE-MRGs). Subsequently, machine learning algorithms were employed to screen potential mitochondrial dysfunction biomarkers for severe COVID-19 based on score values. ROC curves were then plotted to assess the distinguish capability of the biomarkers, followed by validation using two additional independent datasets. Next, the effects of the identified biomarkers on metabolic pathways and immune cells were explored through Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and CIBERSORT. Finally, potential nature products for severe COVID-19 were screened from the expression profile dataset based on dysregulated mitochondrial-related genes, followed by in vitro experimental validation. RESULTS There are 1812 DEGs and 17 dysregulated mitochondrial processes between severe COVID-19 patients and uninfected individuals. A total of 77 DE-MRGs were identified, and the potential biomarkers were identified as RECQL4, PYCR1, PIF1, POLQ, and GLDC. In both the training and validation sets, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for these five biomarkers was greater than 0.9. And they did not show significant changes in mild to moderate patients (p > 0.05), indicating their ability to effectively distinguish severe COVID-19. These biomarkers exhibit a highly significant correlation with the dysregulated metabolic processes (p < 0.05) and immune cell imbalance (p < 0.05) in severe patients, as demonstrated by GSVA and CIBERSORT algorithms. Curcumin has the highest score in the predictive model based on transcriptomic data from 496 natural compounds (p = 0.02; ES = 0.90). Pre-treatment with curcumin for 8 h has been shown to alleviate mitochondrial membrane potential damage caused by the SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein (p < 0.05) and reduce elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate a significant correlation between severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and mitochondrial dysfunction. The proposed mitochondrial dysfunction biomarkers identified in this study are associated with the disease progression, metabolic and immune changes in severe SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Curcumin has a potential role in preventing severe COVID-19 by protecting mitochondrial function. Our findings provide new strategies for predicting the prognosis and enabling early intervention in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yuehan Li
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Wanting Hu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shengqiao Gao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yiran Tang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lu Han
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Wenxia Zhou
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
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2
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Registre C, Silva LM, Registre F, Soares RDDOA, Rubio KTS, Carneiro SP, Dos Santos ODH. Targeting Leishmania Promastigotes and Amastigotes Forms through Amino Acids and Peptides: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy. ACS Infect Dis 2024. [PMID: 38950147 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Millions of people worldwide are affected by leishmaniasis, caused by the Leishmania parasite. Effective treatment is challenging due to the biological complexity of the parasite, drug toxicity, and increasing resistance to conventional drugs. To combat this disease, the development of specific strategies to target and selectively eliminate the parasite is crucial. This Review highlights the importance of amino acids in the developmental stages of Leishmania as a factor determining whether the infection progresses or is suppressed. It also explores the use of peptides as alternatives in parasite control and the development of novel targeted treatments. While these strategies show promise for more effective and targeted treatment, further studies to address the remaining challenges are imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charmante Registre
- Phytotechnology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais 35400000, Brazil
| | - Luciana Miranda Silva
- Phytotechnology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais 35400000, Brazil
| | - Farah Registre
- School of Medicine, Goiás Federal University, Goiânia, Goiás 74605-050, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Dian de Oliveira Aguiar Soares
- Immunopathology Laboratory, Center for Research in Biological Sciences/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais 35400000, Brazil
| | - Karina Taciana Santos Rubio
- Toxicology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais 35400000, Brazil
| | - Simone Pinto Carneiro
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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3
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Zhuang F, Huang S, Liu L. PYCR3 modulates mtDNA copy number to drive proliferation and doxorubicin resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 171:106581. [PMID: 38642827 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses significant challenges in treatment due to its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic targets. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms driving TNBC progression and chemotherapy resistance is imperative for developing effective therapeutic strategies. Thus, in this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 3 (PYCR3) in TNBC pathogenesis and therapeutic response. We observed that PYCR3 is significantly upregulated in TNBC specimens compared to normal breast tissues, correlating with a poorer prognosis in TNBC patients. Knockdown of PYCR3 not only suppresses TNBC cell proliferation but also reverses acquired resistance of TNBC cells to doxorubicin, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent. Mechanistically, we identified the mitochondrial localization of PYCR3 in TNBC cells and demonstrated its impact on TNBC cell proliferation and sensitivity to doxorubicin through the regulation of mtDNA copy number and mitochondrial respiration. Importantly, Selective reduction of mtDNA copy number using the mtDNA replication inhibitor 2', 3'-dideoxycytidine effectively recapitulates the phenotypic effects observed in PYCR3 knockout, resulting in decreased TNBC cell proliferation and the reversal of doxorubicin resistance through apoptosis induction. Thus, our study underscores the clinical relevance of PYCR3 and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target in TNBC management. By elucidating the functional significance of PYCR3 in TNBC, our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of TNBC biology and provide a foundation for developing novel therapeutic strategies aimed at improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Zhuang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoyan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China.
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4
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Meeks KR, Ji J, Protopopov MV, Tarkhanova OO, Moroz YS, Tanner JJ. Novel Fragment Inhibitors of PYCR1 from Docking-Guided X-ray Crystallography. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:1704-1718. [PMID: 38411104 PMCID: PMC11058006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The proline biosynthetic enzyme Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) reductase 1 (PYCR1) is one of the most consistently upregulated enzymes across multiple cancer types and central to the metabolic rewiring of cancer cells. Herein, we describe a fragment-based, structure-first approach to the discovery of PYCR1 inhibitors. Thirty-seven fragment-like carboxylic acids in the molecular weight range of 143-289 Da were selected from docking and then screened using X-ray crystallography as the primary assay. Strong electron density was observed for eight compounds, corresponding to a crystallographic hit rate of 22%. The fragments are novel compared to existing proline analog inhibitors in that they block both the P5C substrate pocket and the NAD(P)H binding site. Four hits showed inhibition of PYCR1 in kinetic assays, and one has lower apparent IC50 than the current best proline analog inhibitor. These results show proof-of-concept for our inhibitor discovery approach and provide a basis for fragment-to-lead optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylen R Meeks
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Juan Ji
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | | | - Olga O Tarkhanova
- Chemspace LLC, 85 Chervonotkatska Street, Suite 1, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine
| | - Yurii S Moroz
- Chemspace LLC, 85 Chervonotkatska Street, Suite 1, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyïv, Kyïv 01601, Ukraine
| | - John J Tanner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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5
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Li X, Zhang HS. Amino acid metabolism, redox balance and epigenetic regulation in cancer. FEBS J 2024; 291:412-429. [PMID: 37129434 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids act as versatile nutrients driving cell growth and survival, especially in cancer cells. Amino acid metabolism comprises numerous metabolic networks and is closely linked with intracellular redox balance and epigenetic regulation. Reprogrammed amino acid metabolism has been recognized as a ubiquitous feature in tumour cells. This review outlines the metabolism of several primary amino acids in cancer cells and highlights the pivotal role of amino acid metabolism in sustaining redox homeostasis and regulating epigenetic modification in response to oxidative and genetic stress in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Zhang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
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6
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Sawicka MM, Sawicki K, Jadeszko M, Bielawska K, Supruniuk E, Reszeć J, Prokop-Bielenia I, Polityńska B, Jadeszko M, Rybaczek M, Latoch E, Gorbacz K, Łysoń T, Miltyk W. Proline Metabolism in WHO G4 Gliomas Is Altered as Compared to Unaffected Brain Tissue. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:456. [PMID: 38275897 PMCID: PMC10814259 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Proline metabolism has been identified as a significant player in several neoplasms, but knowledge of its role in gliomas is limited despite it providing a promising line of pursuit. Data on proline metabolism in the brain are somewhat historical. This study aims to investigate alterations of proline metabolism in gliomas of WHO grade 4 (GG4) in the context of the brain. A total of 20 pairs of samples were studied, consisting of excised tumor and unaffected brain tissue, obtained when partial brain resection was required to reach deep-seated lesions. Levels of proline oxidase/proline dehydrogenase (POX/PRODH), Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductases (PYCR1/2/3), prolidase (PEPD), and metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9) were assessed, along with the concentration of proline and proline-related metabolites. In comparison to normal brain tissue, POX/PRODH expression in GG4 was found to be suppressed, while PYCR1 expression and activity of PEPD, MMP-2, and -9 were upregulated. The GG4 proline concentration was 358% higher. Hence, rewiring of the proline metabolism in GG4 was confirmed for the first time, with a low-POX/PRODH/high-PYCR profile. High PEPD and MMPs activity is in keeping with GG4-increased collagen turnover and local aggressiveness. Further studies on the mechanisms of the interplay between altered proline metabolism and the GG4 microenvironment are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M. Sawicka
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Karol Sawicki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (K.S.); (M.J.); (M.R.); (K.G.); (T.Ł.)
| | - Marek Jadeszko
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (K.S.); (M.J.); (M.R.); (K.G.); (T.Ł.)
| | - Katarzyna Bielawska
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Elżbieta Supruniuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Joanna Reszeć
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Izabela Prokop-Bielenia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Barbara Polityńska
- Department of Psychology and Philosophy, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Mateusz Jadeszko
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Transplantation, Medical University of Bialystok, Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Rybaczek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (K.S.); (M.J.); (M.R.); (K.G.); (T.Ł.)
| | - Eryk Latoch
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Gorbacz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (K.S.); (M.J.); (M.R.); (K.G.); (T.Ł.)
| | - Tomasz Łysoń
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland; (K.S.); (M.J.); (M.R.); (K.G.); (T.Ł.)
| | - Wojciech Miltyk
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (K.B.); (W.M.)
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7
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Sánchez-Quintero MJ, Delgado J, Martín Chaves L, Medina-Vera D, Murri M, Becerra-Muñoz VM, Estévez M, Crespo-Leiro MG, Paz López G, González-Jiménez A, A. G. Ranea J, Queipo-Ortuño MI, Plaza-Andrades I, Rodríguez-Capitán J, Pavón-Morón FJ, Jiménez-Navarro MF. Multi-Omics Approach Reveals Prebiotic and Potential Antioxidant Effects of Essential Oils from the Mediterranean Diet on Cardiometabolic Disorder Using Humanized Gnotobiotic Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1643. [PMID: 37627638 PMCID: PMC10451832 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils sourced from herbs commonly used in the Mediterranean diet have demonstrated advantageous attributes as nutraceuticals and prebiotics within a model of severe cardiometabolic disorder. The primary objective of this study was to assess the influences exerted by essential oils derived from thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and oregano (Origanum vulgare) via a comprehensive multi-omics approach within a gnotobiotic murine model featuring colonic microbiota acquired from patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our findings demonstrated prebiotic and potential antioxidant effects elicited by these essential oils. We observed a substantial increase in the relative abundance of the Lactobacillus genus in the gut microbiota, accompanied by higher levels of short-chain fatty acids and a reduction in trimethylamine N-oxide levels and protein oxidation in the plasma. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis of the cardiac tissue proteome unveiled an over-representation of pathways related to mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and cardiac contraction. These findings provide compelling evidence of the prebiotic and antioxidant actions of thyme- and oregano-derived essential oils, which extend to cardiac function. These results encourage further investigation into the promising utility of essential oils derived from herbs commonly used in the Mediterranean diet as potential nutraceutical interventions for mitigating chronic diseases linked to CAD and T2DM.
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Grants
- PI-0170-2018, PI-0131/2020, and PI-0245-2021 Consejería de Salud y Familias-Junta de Andalucía and European Regional Development Funds/European Social Fund
- UMA20-FEDERJA-074 Universidad de Málaga, Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad-Junta de Andalucía and ERDF/ESF
- ProyExcel_01009 Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades-Junta de Andalucía and ERDF/ESF
- SEC/FEC-INV-BAS 23 Sociedad Española de Cardiología and Fundación Andaluza de Cardiología
- PT20/00101 Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación-Gobierno de España
- CB16/11/00360 CIBERCV-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación-Gobierno de España and ERDF/ESF
- Q-2918001-E Cátedra de Terapias Avanzadas en Patología Cardiovascular, Universidad de Málaga
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Sánchez-Quintero
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Josué Delgado
- Higiene y Salud Alimentaria, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Carne y Productos Cárnicos (IPROCAR), University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Laura Martín Chaves
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Dina Medina-Vera
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Mental Health, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Mora Murri
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for the Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor M. Becerra-Muñoz
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mario Estévez
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Carne y Productos Cárnicos (IPROCAR), University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - María G. Crespo-Leiro
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Service of Cardiology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), University of A Coruña, Instituto Investigación Biomédica A Coruña (INIBIC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Guillermo Paz López
- Bioinformatics, Common Support Structures (ECAI), IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (G.P.L.); (A.G.-J.); (J.A.G.R.)
| | - Andrés González-Jiménez
- Bioinformatics, Common Support Structures (ECAI), IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (G.P.L.); (A.G.-J.); (J.A.G.R.)
| | - Juan A. G. Ranea
- Bioinformatics, Common Support Structures (ECAI), IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain; (G.P.L.); (A.G.-J.); (J.A.G.R.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER of Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isabel Queipo-Ortuño
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Intercenter Clinical Management Unit of Medical Oncology, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria y Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias (CIMES), 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Department of Surgical Specialties, Biochemistry, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Isaac Plaza-Andrades
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Intercenter Clinical Management Unit of Medical Oncology, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria y Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias (CIMES), 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Jorge Rodríguez-Capitán
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Francisco Javier Pavón-Morón
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Manuel F. Jiménez-Navarro
- Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Nanomedicine Platform (IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; (M.J.S.-Q.); (L.M.C.); (D.M.-V.); (M.M.); (V.M.B.-M.); (M.I.Q.-O.); (I.P.-A.); (M.F.J.-N.)
- Heart Area, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
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8
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Shi T, Li YJ, Wang ZM, Wang YF, Wang B, Shi DY. New Pyrroline Isolated from Antarctic Krill-Derived Actinomycetes Nocardiopsis sp. LX-1 Combining with Molecular Networking. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020127. [PMID: 36827168 PMCID: PMC9967698 DOI: 10.3390/md21020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) of the Euphausiidae family comprise one of the largest biomasses in the world and play a key role in the Antarctic marine ecosystem. However, the study of E. superba-derived microbes and their secondary metabolites has been limited. Chemical investigation of the secondary metabolites of the actinomycetes Nocardiopsis sp. LX-1 (in the family of Nocardiopsaceae), isolated from E. superba, combined with molecular networking, led to the identification of 16 compounds a-p (purple nodes in the molecular network) and the isolation of one new pyrroline, nocarpyrroline A (1), along with 11 known compounds 2-12. The structure of the new compound 1 was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic investigation. Compound 2 exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activities against A. hydrophila, D. chrysanthemi, C. terrigena, X. citri pv. malvacearum and antifungal activity against C. albicans in a conventional broth dilution assay. The positive control was ciprofloxacin with the MIC values of <0.024 µM, 0.39 µM, 0.39 µM, 0.39 µM, and 0.20 µM, respectively. Compound 1 and compounds 7, 10, and 11 displayed antifungal activities against F. fujikuroi and D. citri, respectively, in modified agar diffusion test. Prochloraz was used as positive control and showed the inhibition zone radius of 17 mm and 15 mm against F. fujikuroi and D. citri, respectively. All the annotated compounds a-p by molecular networking were first discovered from the genus Nocardiopsis. Nocarpyrroline A (1) features an unprecedented 4,5-dihydro-pyrrole-2-carbonitrile substructure, and it is the first pyrroline isolated from the genus Nocardiopsis. This study further demonstrated the guiding significance of molecular networking in the research of microbial secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shi
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yan-Jing Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Ze-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yi-Fei Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Bo Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (D.-Y.S.)
| | - Da-Yong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (D.-Y.S.)
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9
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Daudu OI, Meeks KR, Zhang L, Seravalli J, Tanner JJ, Becker DF. Functional Impact of a Cancer-Related Variant in Human Δ 1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Reductase 1. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:3509-3519. [PMID: 36713721 PMCID: PMC9878632 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (PYCR) is a proline biosynthetic enzyme that catalyzes the NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) to proline. Humans have three PYCR isoforms, with PYCR1 often upregulated in different types of cancers. Here, we studied the biochemical and structural properties of the Thr171Met variant of PYCR1, which is found in patients with malignant melanoma and lung adenocarcinoma. Although PYCR1 is strongly associated with cancer progression, characterization of a PYCR1 variant in cancer patients has not yet been reported. Thr171 is conserved in all three PYCR isozymes and is located near the P5C substrate binding site. We found that the amino acid replacement does not affect thermostability but has a profound effect on PYCR1 catalytic activity. The k cat of the PYCR1 variant T171M is 100- to 200-fold lower than wild-type PYCR1 when P5C is the variable substrate, and 10- to 25-fold lower when NAD(P)H is varied. A 1.84 Å resolution X-ray crystal structure of T171M reveals that the Met side chain invades the P5C substrate binding site, suggesting that the catalytic defect is due to steric clash preventing P5C from achieving the optimal pose for hydride transfer from NAD(P)H. These results suggest that any impact on PYCR1 function associated with T171M in cancer does not derive from increased catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oseeyi I. Daudu
- Department
of Biochemistry, Redox Biology Center, University
of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Kaylen R. Meeks
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department
of Biochemistry, Redox Biology Center, University
of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Javier Seravalli
- Department
of Biochemistry, Redox Biology Center, University
of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - John J. Tanner
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Donald F. Becker
- Department
of Biochemistry, Redox Biology Center, University
of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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10
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Meeks KR, Tanner JJ. Expression and kinetic characterization of PYCR3. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 733:109468. [PMID: 36414121 PMCID: PMC9772221 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PYCRs are proline biosynthetic enzymes that catalyze the NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) to proline in humans. PYCRs - especially PYCR1 - are upregulated in many types of cancers and have been implicated in the altered metabolism of cancer cells. Of the three isoforms of PYCR, PYCR3 remains the least studied due in part to the lack of a robust recombinant expression. Herein, we describe a procedure for the expression of soluble SUMO-PYCR3 in Escherichia coli, purification of the fusion protein, and removal of the SUMO tag. PYCR3 is active with either NADPH or NADH as the coenzyme. Bi-substrate kinetic measurements obtained by varying the concentrations of both L-P5C and NADH, along with product inhibition data for l-proline, suggest a random ordered bi bi mechanism. A panel of 19 proline analogs was screened for inhibition, and the kinetics of competitive inhibition (with L-P5C) were measured for five of the compounds screened, including N-formyl-l-proline, a validated inhibitor of PYCR1. N-formyl-l-proline was found to be ten times more selective for PYCR1 over PYCR3. The SUMO-PYCR3 expression system should be useful for testing the isoform specificity of PYCR1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylen R Meeks
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, United States
| | - John J Tanner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, United States.
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11
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Synthesis of uniquely substituted 4H-Chromeno[2,3-d] pyrimidin-2-one derivatives by l-Proline catalyzed green chemistry method. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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12
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The role of PYCR1 in inhibiting 5-fluorouracil-induced ferroptosis and apoptosis through SLC25A10 in colorectal cancer. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1900-1911. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00775-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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13
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Li Y, Xu J, Bao P, Wei Z, Pan L, Zhou J, Wang W. Survival and clinicopathological significance of PYCR1 expression in cancer: A meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:985613. [PMID: 36119513 PMCID: PMC9480090 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.985613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Proline metabolism is closely related to the occurrence and development of cancer. Δ1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (PYCR) is the last enzyme in proline biosynthesis. As one of the enzyme types, PYCR1 takes part in the whole process of the growth, invasion, and drug resistance of cancer cells. This study investigated PYCR1 expressions in cancers together with their relationship to clinical prognosis. Methods A thorough database search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. RevMan5.3 software was used for the statistical analysis. Results Eight articles were selected, and 728 cancer patients were enrolled. The cancer types include lung, stomach, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma. The meta-analysis results showed that the expression of PYCR1 was higher in the clinical stage III–IV group than that in the clinical stage I–II group (OR = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.03–2.71), higher in the lymph node metastasis group than in the non-lymph node metastasis group (OR = 1.57, 95%CI: 1.06–2.33), and higher in the distant metastasis group than in the non-distant metastasis group (OR = 3.46, 95%CI: 1.64–7.29). However, there was no statistical difference in PYCR1 expression between different tumor sizes (OR = 1.50, 95%CI: 0.89–2.53) and degrees of differentiation (OR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.54–1.24). Conclusion PYCR1 had a high expression in various cancers and was associated with cancer volume and metastasis. The higher the PYCR1 expression was, the poorer the cancer prognosis was. The molecular events and biological processes mediated by PYCR1 might be the underlying mechanisms of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiahuan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | | | - Zhijing Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Wang,
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14
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Wei X, Zhang X, Wang S, Wang Y, Ji C, Yao L, Song N. PYCR1 regulates glutamine metabolism to construct an immunosuppressive microenvironment for the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:3780-3798. [PMID: 36119844 PMCID: PMC9442018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is critical for the setup of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Glutamine has slipped into the focus of research of cancer metabolism, but its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains vague. Our study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of glutamine in ccRCC and its prognostic value. Gene expression profiles and clinical data of ccRCC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used for survival analysis. Consensus clustering was used to extract differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to glutamine metabolism. Functional analyses, including gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), were conducted to elucidate the functions and pathways involved in these DEGs. The single-sample GSEA and Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) methods were applied to estimate the immune infiltration in the TMEs of two clusters. The univariate regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression were used to construct a prognostic signature. R software was utilized to analyze the expression levels and prognostic values of genes in ccRCC. A total of 19 glutamine metabolic genes (GMGs) were screened out for differential expression analysis of normal and ccRCC tissues. Based on survival-related GMGs, two glutamine metabolic clusters with different clinical and transcriptomic characteristics were identified. Patients in cluster B exhibited worse survivals, higher immune infiltration scores, more significant immunosuppressive cell infiltration, higher expression levels of immune checkpoints, and more enriched oncogenic pathways. Glutamine metabolic index (GMI) was constructed according to the GMGs and survival data. In addition, the expression levels of GMGs were associated with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints in the TME of ccRCC. Among the GMGs, PYCR1 was the most powerful regulator of immune TME. Our analysis revealed higher-level glutamine metabolism in ccRCC patients with a worse prognosis. The GMI could predict the prognosis of ccRCC patients with a high accuracy. GMGs, such as PYCR1, may be exploited to design novel immunotherapies for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyi Wei
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yichun Wang
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengjian Ji
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangyu Yao
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ninghong Song
- The State Key Lab of Reproductive, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Kezhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityKezhou 845350, Xinjiang, China
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15
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Xiao S, Yao X, Ye J, Tian X, Yin Z, Zhou L. Epigenetic modification facilitates proline synthase PYCR1 aberrant expression in gastric cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2022; 1865:194829. [PMID: 35654390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) upregulation contributes to the progression of gastric cancer (GC) and indicates poor survival. However, PYCR1 expression profile in GC subtypes and the mechanism behind its upregulation are not well-studied. METHODS PYCR1 expression profiles in GC subtypes and different stages of gastric carcinogenesis were assessed in different GC cohorts. Genetic alterations and epigenetic modulation in PYCR1 regulation were further investigated using bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments. RESULTS PYCR1 expression was significantly higher in intestinal-type GC and associated molecular subtypes in TCGA and ACRG GC cohorts. During the cascade of intestinal-type GC, PYCR1 was continuously increased from normal gastric tissues through to atrophic gastritis, to intraepithelial neoplasia, and to GC. Copy number alterations in PYCR1 were associated with PYCR1 transcript expression. One CpG island was observed in PYCR1 promoter region, and the hypomethylation occurred at this region could contribute to PYCR1 transcriptional activation in GC. Besides, H3K27ac combination was found in PYCR1 promoter, and acetyltransferase p300 induced H3K27ac could promote PYCR1 expression in GC. CONCLUSIONS PYCR1 expression varies across GC subtypes, with intestinal-type GC and associated molecular subtypes having the highest expression. Hypomethylation at CpG sites and p300-induced H3K27ac modification within PYCR1 promoter could contribute to maintaining PYCR1 overexpression in GC. These results provide us with a new insight into epigenetic modulation in mitochondrial proline metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyu Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, China
| | - Juxiang Ye
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, China
| | - Xueli Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihao Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, China
| | - Liya Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, China.
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16
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Bravo‐Solarte DC, Stelzig KE, Cuervo‐Pardo L, Berdnikovs S, Chiarella SE. Genomic evidence for dysregulated glutamine metabolism in the asthmatic airway epithelium. Clin Transl Allergy 2022; 12:e12178. [PMID: 35813976 PMCID: PMC9254217 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kimberly E. Stelzig
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Lyda Cuervo‐Pardo
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Sergejs Berdnikovs
- Division of Allergy and ImmunologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
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17
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Qian CJ, Tong YY, Wu LK, Wang YC, Teng XS, Yao J. Circ_0000705 facilitates proline metabolism of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells by targeting miR-621/PYCR1 axis. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:50. [PMID: 35731336 PMCID: PMC9218025 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00513-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CircRNAs have been found to play crucial roles in the metabolism and progression of cancers, but their roles and mechanisms in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not been fully elucidated. This work is aimed to explore the role and mechanism of hsa_circ_0000705 (circ_0000705) in ESCC. Circ_0000705 expression was up-regulated in ESCC tissues and cell lines, and high circ_0000705 expression was correlated with poor survival. Circ_0000705 facilitated cell proliferation, invasion, migration and proline metabolism of ESCC cells. The inhibitory effects of circ_0000705 knockdown on cell invasion, migration and proline metabolism were partly rescued by miR-621 inhibition or PYCR1 over-expression. Furthermore, circ_0000705 expression is negatively correlated with miR-621 expression, and positively correlated with PYCR1 in ESCC tissues. Mechanistically, circ_0000705 acted as a ceRNA by sponging miR-621, thereby facilitating PYCR1 expression in ESCC cells. In conclusion, circ_0000705 promoted proline metabolism and malignant progression of ESCC by regulating the miR‑621/PYCR1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Juan Qian
- Early Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Yang Tong
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lin-Ken Wu
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Chao Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Sheng Teng
- Early Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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18
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Proline Metabolism in Malignant Gliomas: A Systematic Literature Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14082030. [PMID: 35454935 PMCID: PMC9027994 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Studies of various types of cancers have found proline metabolism to be a key player in tumor development, involved in basic metabolic pathways, regulating cell proliferation, survival, and signaling. Here, we systematically searched the literature to find data on proline metabolism in malignant glial tumors. Despite limited availability, existing studies have found several ways in which proline metabolism may affect the development of gliomas, involving the maintenance of redox balance, providing essential glutamate, and affecting major signaling pathways. Metabolomic profiling has revealed the importance of proline as a link to basic cell metabolic cycles and shown it to be correlated with overall survival. Emerging knowledge on the role of proline in general oncology encourages further studies on malignant gliomas. Abstract Background: Proline has attracted growing interest because of its diverse influence on tumor metabolism and the discovery of the regulatory mechanisms that appear to be involved. In contrast to general oncology, data on proline metabolism in central nervous system malignancies are limited. Materials and Methods: We performed a systematic literature review of the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases according to PRISMA guidelines, searching for articles concerning proline metabolism in malignant glial tumors. From 815 search results, we identified 14 studies pertaining to this topic. Results: The role of the proline cycle in maintaining redox balance in IDH-mutated gliomas has been convincingly demonstrated. Proline is involved in restoring levels of glutamate, the main glial excitatory neurotransmitter. Proline oxidase influences two major signaling pathways: p53 and NF- κB. In metabolomics studies, the metabolism of proline and its link to the urea cycle was found to be a prognostic factor for survival and a marker of malignancy. Data on the prolidase concentration in the serum of glioblastoma patients are contradictory. Conclusions: Despite a paucity of studies in the literature, the available data are interesting enough to encourage further research, especially in terms of extrapolating what we have learned of proline functions from other neoplasms to malignant gliomas.
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19
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Alaqbi SS, Burke L, Guterman I, Green C, West K, Palacios-Gallego R, Cai H, Alexandrou C, Myint NNM, Parrott E, Howells LM, Higgins JA, Jones DJL, Singh R, Britton RG, Tufarelli C, Thomas A, Rufini A. Increased mitochondrial proline metabolism sustains proliferation and survival of colorectal cancer cells. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262364. [PMID: 35130302 PMCID: PMC8820619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Research into the metabolism of the non-essential amino acid (NEAA) proline in cancer has gained traction in recent years. The last step in the proline biosynthesis pathway is catalyzed by pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (PYCR) enzymes. There are three PYCR enzymes: mitochondrial PYCR1 and 2 and cytosolic PYCR3 encoded by separate genes. The expression of the PYCR1 gene is increased in numerous malignancies and correlates with poor prognosis. PYCR1 expression sustains cancer cells' proliferation and survival and several mechanisms have been implicated to explain its oncogenic role. It has been suggested that the biosynthesis of proline is key to sustain protein synthesis, support mitochondrial function and nucleotide biosynthesis. However, the links between proline metabolism and cancer remain ill-defined and are likely to be tissue specific. Here we use a combination of human dataset, human tissue and mouse models to show that the expression levels of the proline biosynthesis enzymes are significantly increased during colorectal tumorigenesis. Functionally, the expression of mitochondrial PYCRs is necessary for cancer cells' survival and proliferation. However, the phenotypic consequences of PYCRs depletion could not be rescued by external supplementation with either proline or nucleotides. Overall, our data suggest that, despite the mechanisms underlying the role of proline metabolism in colorectal tumorigenesis remain elusive, targeting the proline biosynthesis pathway is a suitable approach for the development of novel anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Sattar Alaqbi
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology and Poultry Diseases, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
| | - Lynsey Burke
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Inna Guterman
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Caleb Green
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin West
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hong Cai
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ni Ni Moe Myint
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Parrott
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Lynne M. Howells
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer A. Higgins
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Donald J. L. Jones
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Leicester van Geest Multi-OMICS Facility, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Rajinder Singh
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Leicester van Geest Multi-OMICS Facility, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Robert G. Britton
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Tufarelli
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Thomas
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Rufini
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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20
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Oudaert I, Satilmis H, Vlummens P, De Brouwer W, Maes A, Hose D, De Bruyne E, Ghesquière B, Vanderkerken K, De Veirman K, Menu E. Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Reductase 1: a novel target for sensitizing multiple myeloma cells to bortezomib by inhibition of PRAS40-mediated protein synthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:45. [PMID: 35105345 PMCID: PMC8805317 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02250-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable cancer despite advances in therapy. Therefore, the search for new targets is still essential to uncover potential treatment strategies. Metabolic changes, induced by the hypoxic bone marrow, contribute to both MM cell survival and drug resistance. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 and 2 (PYCR1 and PYCR2) are two mitochondrial enzymes that facilitate the last step in the glutamine-to-proline conversion. Overexpression of PYCR1 is involved in progression of several cancers, however, its’ role in hematological cancers is unknown. In this study, we investigated whether PYCR affects MM viability, proliferation and response to bortezomib. Methods Correlation of PYCR1/2 with overall survival was investigated in the MMRF CoMMpass trial (653 patients). OPM-2 and RPMI-8226 MM cell lines were used to perform in vitro experiments. RPMI-8226 cells were supplemented with 13C-glutamine for 48 h in both normoxia and hypoxia (< 1% O2, by chamber) to perform a tracer study. PYCR1 was inhibited by siRNA or the small molecule inhibitor pargyline. Apoptosis was measured using Annexin V and 7-AAD staining, viability by CellTiterGlo assay and proliferation by BrdU incorporation. Differential protein expression was evaluated using Western Blot. The SUnSET method was used to measure protein synthesis. All in vitro experiments were performed in hypoxic conditions. Results We found that PYCR1 and PYCR2 mRNA expression correlated with an inferior overall survival. MM cells from relapsed/refractory patients express significantly higher levels of PYCR1 mRNA. In line with the strong expression of PYCR1, we performed a tracer study in RPMI-8226 cells, which revealed an increased conversion of 13C-glutamine to proline in hypoxia. PYCR1 inhibition reduced MM viability and proliferation and increased apoptosis. Mechanistically, we found that PYCR1 silencing reduced protein levels of p-PRAS40, p-mTOR, p-p70, p-S6, p-4EBP1 and p-eIF4E levels, suggesting a decrease in protein synthesis, which we also confirmed in vitro. Pargyline and siPYCR1 increased bortezomib-mediated apoptosis. Finally, combination therapy of pargyline with bortezomib reduced viability in CD138+ MM cells and reduced tumor burden in the murine 5TGM1 model compared to single agents. Conclusions This study identifies PYCR1 as a novel target in bortezomib-based combination therapies for MM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02250-3.
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21
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Bogner AN, Tanner JJ. Structure-affinity relationships of reversible proline analog inhibitors targeting proline dehydrogenase. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:895-905. [PMID: 35018940 PMCID: PMC8864676 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02328d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) catalyzes the first step of proline catabolism, the FAD-dependent oxidation of L-proline to Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate. PRODH plays a central role in the metabolic rewiring of cancer cells, which has motivated the discovery of inhibitors. Here, we studied the inhibition of PRODH by 18 proline-like compounds to understand the structural and chemical features responsible for the affinity of the best-known inhibitor, S-(-)-tetrahydro-2-furoic acid (1). The compounds were screened, and then six were selected for more thorough kinetic analysis: cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylic acid (2), cyclobutanecarboxylic acid (3), cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (4), cyclopentanecarboxylic acid (16), 2-oxobutyric acid (17), and (2S)-oxetane-2-carboxylic acid (18). These compounds are competitive inhibitors with inhibition constants in the range of 1.4-6 mM, compared to 0.3 mM for 1. Crystal structures of PRODH complexed with 2, 3, 4, and 18 were determined. All four inhibitors bind in the proline substrate site, but the orientations of their rings differ from that of 1. The binding of 3 and 18 is accompanied by compression of the active site to enable nonpolar contacts with Leu513. Compound 2 is unique in that the additional carboxylate displaces a structurally conserved water molecule from the active site. Compound 18 also destabilizes the conserved water, but by an unexpected non-steric mechanism. The results are interpreted using a chemical double mutant thermodynamic cycle. This analysis revealed unanticipated synergism between ring size and hydrogen bonding to the conserved water. These structure-affinity relationships provide new information relevant to the development of new inhibitor design strategies targeting PRODH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra N. Bogner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - John J. Tanner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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22
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Phang JM. Editorial. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1767-1768. [PMID: 34842968 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03093-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James M Phang
- National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA.
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23
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Phang JM. Perspectives, past, present and future: the proline cycle/proline-collagen regulatory axis. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1967-1975. [PMID: 34825974 PMCID: PMC8651602 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In the 35 years since the introduction of the "proline cycle", its relevance to human tumors has been widely established. These connections are based on a variety of mechanisms discovered by many laboratories and have stimulated the search for small molecule inhibitors to treat cancer or metastases. In addition, the multi-layered connections of the proline cycle and the role of proline and hydroxyproline in collagen provide an important regulatory link between the extracellular matrix and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Phang
- Scientist Emeritus, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, CCR, NCI at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
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