1
|
Csomos A, Kontra B, Jancsó A, Galbács G, Deme R, Kele Z, Rózsa BJ, Kovács E, Mucsi Z. A Comprehensive Study of the Ca
2+
Ion Binding of Fluorescently Labelled BAPTA Analogues. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Attila Csomos
- Department of Chemistry Femtonics Ltd. 1094 Budapest Hungary
| | - Bence Kontra
- Department of Chemistry Femtonics Ltd. 1094 Budapest Hungary
| | - Attila Jancsó
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry University of Szeged Szeged 6720 Hungary
| | - Gábor Galbács
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry University of Szeged Szeged 6720 Hungary
| | - Ruth Deme
- Department of Organic Chemistry Semmelweis University Budapest H-1092 Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kele
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged Szeged H-6720 Hungary
| | - Balázs József Rózsa
- Two-Photon Measurement Technology Research Group The Faculty of Information Technology Pázmány Péter Catholic University Budapest 1083 Hungary
- Laboratory of 3D Functional Imaging of Neuronal Networks and Dendritic Integration Institute of Experimental Medicine Budapest 1083 Hungary
| | - Ervin Kovács
- Department of Chemistry Femtonics Ltd. 1094 Budapest Hungary
- Polymer Chemistry Research Group Research Centre for Natural Sciences Budapest 1117 Hungary
| | - Zoltán Mucsi
- Department of Chemistry Femtonics Ltd. 1094 Budapest Hungary
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering University of Miskolc Miskolc 3515 Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Miller ADC, Ozbakir HF, Mukherjee A. Calcium-responsive contrast agents for functional magnetic resonance imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2:021301. [PMID: 34085055 DOI: 10.1063/5.0041394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium ions represent one of the key second messengers accompanying neural activity and synaptic signaling. Accordingly, dynamic imaging of calcium fluctuations in living organisms represents a cornerstone technology for discovering neural mechanisms that underlie memory, determine behavior, and modulate emotional states as well as how these mechanisms are perturbed by neurological disease and brain injury. While optical technologies are well established for high resolution imaging of calcium dynamics, physical limits on light penetration hinder their application for whole-brain imaging in intact vertebrates. Unlike optics, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables noninvasive large-scale imaging across vertebrates of all sizes. This has motivated the development of several sensors that leverage innovative physicochemical mechanisms to sensitize MRI contrast to intracellular and extracellular changes in calcium. Here, we review the current state-of-the-art in MRI-based calcium sensors, focusing on fundamental aspects of sensor performance, in vivo applications, and challenges related to sensitivity. We also highlight how innovations at the intersection of reporter gene technology and gene delivery open potential opportunities for mapping calcium activity in genetically targeted cells, complementing the benefits of small molecule probes and nanoparticle sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Austin D C Miller
- Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Harun F Ozbakir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wellm V, Groebner J, Heitmann G, Sönnichsen FD, Herges R. Towards Photoswitchable Contrast Agents for Absolute 3D Temperature MR Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Wellm
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry Christian Albrechts University Otto Hahn Platz 4 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Jens Groebner
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology South Westphalian University of Applied Sciences Bahnhofsallee 5 58507 Luedenscheid Germany
| | - Gernot Heitmann
- IWS Innovations- und Wissenstrategien GmbH Aviares Research Network Deichstraße 25 20459 Hamburg Germany
| | - Frank D. Sönnichsen
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry Christian Albrechts University Otto Hahn Platz 4 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry Christian Albrechts University Otto Hahn Platz 4 24118 Kiel Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wellm V, Groebner J, Heitmann G, Sönnichsen FD, Herges R. Towards Photoswitchable Contrast Agents for Absolute 3D Temperature MR Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8220-8226. [PMID: 33606332 PMCID: PMC8048480 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Temperature can be used as clinical marker for tissue metabolism and the detection of inflammations or tumors. The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for monitoring physiological parameters like the temperature noninvasively is steadily increasing. In this study, we present a proof-of-principle study of MRI contrast agents (CA) for absolute and concentration independent temperature imaging. These CAs are based on azoimidazole substituted NiII porphyrins, which can undergo Light-Driven Coordination-Induced Spin State Switching (LD-CISSS) in solution. Monitoring the fast first order kinetic of back isomerisation (cis to trans) with standard clinical MR imaging sequences allows the determination of half-lives, that can be directly translated into absolute temperatures. Different temperature responsive CAs were successfully tested as prototypes in methanol-based gels and created temperature maps of gradient phantoms with high spatial resolution (0.13×0.13×1.1 mm) and low temperature errors (<0.22 °C). The method is sufficiently fast to record the temperature flow from a heat source as a film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Wellm
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryChristian Albrechts UniversityOtto Hahn Platz 424118KielGermany
| | - Jens Groebner
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information TechnologySouth Westphalian University of Applied SciencesBahnhofsallee 558507LuedenscheidGermany
| | - Gernot Heitmann
- IWS Innovations- und Wissenstrategien GmbHAviares Research NetworkDeichstraße 2520459HamburgGermany
| | - Frank D. Sönnichsen
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryChristian Albrechts UniversityOtto Hahn Platz 424118KielGermany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryChristian Albrechts UniversityOtto Hahn Platz 424118KielGermany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu K, Yu Y, Yao Y, Wu Z, Fu S, Cheng RH, Chen YW, Chen HY, Zhou J, Hwang DW, Ding S. A Polypeptide-Based, Membrane-Penetrating, Target-Specific Contrast Agent for Magnetic Resonance Molecular Imaging. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1597-1604. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaichao Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yamian Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yao Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shitao Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ren-Hao Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2, Academia Rd. Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ying Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jinlan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dennis W. Hwang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Sec. 2, Academia Rd. Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Shangwu Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, 70 Lien-Hai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Balić T, Perdih F, Mršo T, Balić I. Ligand influence on the formation of exo-coordinated silver(I) complexes with N2O2 Schiff base macrocycles and the role of anion in supramolecular aggregation. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
7
|
Abstract
Many elegant inorganic designs have been developed to aid medical imaging. We know better now how to improve imaging due to the enormous efforts made by scientists in probe design and other fundamental sciences, including inorganic chemistry, physiochemistry, analytical chemistry, and biomedical engineering. However, despite several years being invested in the development of diagnostic probes, only a few examples have shown applicability in MRI in vivo. In this short review, we aim to show the reader the latest advances in the application of inorganic agents in preclinical MRI.
Collapse
|
8
|
Lutz NW, Bernard M. Multiparametric quantification of the heterogeneity of free Ca 2+ concentration by 19F MR spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2018; 297:96-107. [PMID: 30380459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
For biological tissue that is heterogeneous with respect to free intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), the lineshape of the 19F MRS resonance of injected [Ca2+]-sensitive 4-FBAPTA or BAPTA-FF reflects the statistical distribution of [Ca2+]i values. While conventional 19F MRS of these fluorinated Ca2+ reporter molecules only provides one [Ca2+]i value per spectrum, our specially designed lineshape analysis reveals at least eight quantitative statistical parameters (descriptors) characterizing the [Ca2+]i distribution within the observed tissue volume. To this end, the [Ca2+]-sensitive 19F MRS resonance is transformed into a [Ca2+]i curve. Subsequently, the digital points of this [Ca2+]i profile are used to build a histogram using dedicated algorithms. The following statistical descriptors are computed from this histogram: weighted mean and median, standard deviation, range, mode(s), kurtosis, skewness, and entropy. Our new method is thoroughly validated through in silico and experimental models. The potential of combining statistical [Ca2+] information with spatial resolution is demonstrated by simulated statistical CSI maps. This proof of principle should form the basis of future in vivo studies in physiology and medicine, notably in heart and muscle research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norbert W Lutz
- Aix-Marseille Univ, School of Medicine, CRMBM, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, F-13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Monique Bernard
- Aix-Marseille Univ, School of Medicine, CRMBM, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, F-13005 Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang L, Martins AF, Zhao P, Wu Y, Tircsó G, Sherry AD. Lanthanide-Based T 2ex and CEST Complexes Provide Insights into the Design of pH Sensitive MRI Agents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16626-16630. [PMID: 29024242 PMCID: PMC5879776 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The CEST and T1 /T2 relaxation properties of a series of Eu3+ and Dy3+ DOTA-tetraamide complexes with four appended primary amine groups are measured as a function of pH. The CEST signals in the Eu3+ complexes show a strong CEST signal after the pH was reduced from 8 to 5. The opposite trend was observed for the Dy3+ complexes where the r2ex of bulk water protons increased dramatically from ca. 1.5 mm-1 s-1 to 13 mm-1 s-1 between pH 5 and 9 while r1 remained unchanged. A fit of the CEST data (Eu3+ complexes) to Bloch theory and the T2ex data (Dy3+ complexes) to Swift-Connick theory provided the proton-exchange rates as a function of pH. These data showed that the four amine groups contribute significantly to proton-catalyzed exchange of the Ln3+ -bound water protons even though their pKa 's are much higher than the observed CEST or T2ex effects. This demonstrated the utility of using appended acidic/basic groups to catalyze prototropic exchange for imaging tissue pH by MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - André F Martins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Piyu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Yunkou Wu
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Gyula Tircsó
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetemtér 1, 4010, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - A Dean Sherry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bañobre-López M, García-Hevia L, Cerqueira MF, Rivadulla F, Gallo J. Tunable Performance of Manganese Oxide Nanostructures as MRI Contrast Agents. Chemistry 2017; 24:1295-1303. [PMID: 29178467 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The development of responsive magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents opens the door to a highly sensitive and specific diagnosis of altered physiological conditions. In this field, manganese dioxide (MnO2 ) is starting to be a leading contributor due to its susceptibility to conditions relevant to human diseased states, such as cancer. So far, the preclinical application of MnO2 has mainly been in the form of nanosheets, with enhancements of magnetic resonance imaging signals up to 50-fold upon activation. Herein, we thoroughly investigate, through a simple reaction, a series of Mnx Oy samples and correlate their phase composition and structure/morphology to the performance as classic/responsive MRI contrast agents in response to redox changes. Signal enhancements as high as 140-fold were obtained from MnO2 nano-urchins, and their capability as responsive magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents was demonstrated in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Bañobre-López
- Advanced (magnetic) Theranostic Nanostructures Lab, INL-International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
| | - Lorena García-Hevia
- Advanced (magnetic) Theranostic Nanostructures Lab, INL-International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Francisco Rivadulla
- Centro de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química-Física, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan Gallo
- Advanced (magnetic) Theranostic Nanostructures Lab, INL-International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang L, Martins AF, Zhao P, Wu Y, Tircsó G, Sherry AD. Lanthanide-Based T2ex
and CEST Complexes Provide Insights into the Design of pH Sensitive MRI Agents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The University of Texas at Dallas; 800 West Campbell Road Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - André F. Martins
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The University of Texas at Dallas; 800 West Campbell Road Richardson TX 75080 USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center; UT Southwestern Medical Center; 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas TX 75390 USA
| | - Piyu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The University of Texas at Dallas; 800 West Campbell Road Richardson TX 75080 USA
| | - Yunkou Wu
- Advanced Imaging Research Center; UT Southwestern Medical Center; 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas TX 75390 USA
| | - Gyula Tircsó
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; University of Debrecen; Egyetemtér 1 4010 Debrecen Hungary
| | - A. Dean Sherry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The University of Texas at Dallas; 800 West Campbell Road Richardson TX 75080 USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center; UT Southwestern Medical Center; 5323 Harry Hines Blvd. Dallas TX 75390 USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Abstract
UNLABELLED Comprehensive analysis of brain function depends on understanding the dynamics of diverse neural signaling processes over large tissue volumes in intact animals and humans. Most existing approaches to measuring brain signaling suffer from limited tissue penetration, poor resolution, or lack of specificity for well-defined neural events. Here we discuss a new brain activity mapping method that overcomes some of these problems by combining MRI with contrast agents sensitive to neural signaling. The goal of this "molecular fMRI" approach is to permit noninvasive whole-brain neuroimaging with specificity and resolution approaching current optical neuroimaging methods. In this article, we describe the context and need for molecular fMRI as well as the state of the technology today. We explain how major types of MRI probes work and how they can be sensitized to neurobiological processes, such as neurotransmitter release, calcium signaling, and gene expression changes. We comment both on past work in the field and on challenges and promising avenues for future development. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Brain researchers currently have a choice between measuring neural activity using cellular-level recording techniques, such as electrophysiology and optical imaging, or whole-brain imaging methods, such as fMRI. Cellular level methods are precise but only address a small portion of mammalian brains; on the other hand, whole-brain neuroimaging techniques provide very little specificity for neural pathways or signaling components of interest. The molecular fMRI techniques we discuss have particular potential to combine the specificity of cellular-level measurements with the noninvasive whole-brain coverage of fMRI. On the other hand, molecular fMRI is only just getting off the ground. This article aims to offer a snapshot of the status and future prospects for development of molecular fMRI techniques.
Collapse
|
14
|
Tanaka T, Nishiura Y, Araki R, Saido T, Abe R, Aoki S. 11B NMR Probes of Copper(II): Finding and Implications of the Cu2+-Promoted Decomposition ofortho-Carborane Derivatives. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
15
|
Cakić N, Verbić TŽ, Jelić RM, Platas-Iglesias C, Angelovski G. Synthesis and characterisation of bismacrocyclic DO3A-amide derivatives – an approach towards metal-responsive PARACEST agents. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:6555-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04625d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Three bismacrocyclic amide derivatives bearing two types of chelating moieties were prepared. The properties of their lanthanide complexes in the absence and presence of calcium, magnesium or zinc ions were studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nevenka Cakić
- MR Neuroimaging Agents
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics
- 72076 Tübingen
- Germany
| | - Tatjana Ž. Verbić
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Ratomir M. Jelić
- Faculty of Medicinal Science
- University of Kragujevac
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Carlos Platas-Iglesias
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA) and Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Universidade da Coruña
- 15008 A Coruña
- Spain
| | - Goran Angelovski
- MR Neuroimaging Agents
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics
- 72076 Tübingen
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hingorani DV, Bernstein AS, Pagel MD. A review of responsive MRI contrast agents: 2005-2014. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2015; 10:245-65. [PMID: 25355685 PMCID: PMC4414668 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on MRI contrast agents that are responsive to a change in a physiological biomarker. The response mechanisms are dependent on six physicochemical characteristics, including the accessibility of water to the agent, tumbling time, proton exchange rate, electron spin state, MR frequency or superparamagnetism of the agent. These characteristics can be affected by changes in concentrations or activities of enzymes, proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites, or metal ions, or changes in redox state, pH, temperature, or light. A total of 117 examples are presented, including ones that employ nuclei other than (1) H, which attests to the creativity of multidisciplinary research efforts to develop responsive MRI contrast agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina V Hingorani
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, USA
| | - Adam S Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, USA
| | - Mark D Pagel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, USA
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Oukhatar F, Meudal H, Landon C, Logothetis NK, Platas-Iglesias C, Angelovski G, Tóth É. Macrocyclic Gd3+Complexes with Pendant Crown Ethers Designed for Binding Zwitterionic Neurotransmitters. Chemistry 2015; 21:11226-37. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
18
|
Dommaschk M, Peters M, Gutzeit F, Schütt C, Näther C, Sönnichsen FD, Tiwari S, Riedel C, Boretius S, Herges R. Photoswitchable Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast by Improved Light-Driven Coordination-Induced Spin State Switch. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:7552-5. [PMID: 25914182 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a fully reversible and highly efficient on-off photoswitching of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast with green (500 nm) and violet-blue (435 nm) light. The contrast change is based on intramolecular light-driven coordination-induced spin state switch (LD-CISSS), performed with azopyridine-substituted Ni-porphyrins. The relaxation time of the solvent protons in 3 mM solutions of the azoporphyrins in DMSO was switched between 3.5 and 1.7 s. The relaxivity of the contrast agent changes by a factor of 6.7. No fatigue or side reaction was observed, even after >100,000 switching cycles in air at room temperature. Electron-donating substituents at the pyridine improve the LD-CISSS in two ways: better photostationary states are achieved, and intramolecular binding is enhanced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Dommaschk
- †Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Morten Peters
- †Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Florian Gutzeit
- †Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Schütt
- †Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- ‡Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Otto-Hahn-Platz 6/7, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Frank D Sönnichsen
- †Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sanjay Tiwari
- §Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, Arnold Heller Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Riedel
- §Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, Arnold Heller Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Susann Boretius
- §Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, Arnold Heller Straße 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- †Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
This perspective outlines strategies towards the development of MR imaging probes that our lab has explored over the last 15 years. Namely, we discuss methods to enhance the signal generating capacity of MR probes and how to achieve tissue specificity through protein targeting or probe activation within the tissue microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Boros
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Eric M Gale
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Peter Caravan
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cakić N, Gündüz S, Rengarasu R, Angelovski G. Synthetic strategies for preparation of cyclen-based MRI contrast agents. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
21
|
Bar-Shir A, Yadav NN, Gilad AA, van Zijl PCM, McMahon MT, Bulte JWM. Single (19)F probe for simultaneous detection of multiple metal ions using miCEST MRI. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 137:78-81. [PMID: 25523816 PMCID: PMC4304440 DOI: 10.1021/ja511313k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The local presence and concentration
of metal ions in biological
systems has been extensively studied ex vivo using
fluorescent dyes. However, the detection of multiple metal ions in vivo remains a major challenge. We present a magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI)-based method for noninvasive detection of
specific ions that may be coexisting, using the tetrafluorinated derivative
of the BAPTA (TF-BAPTA) chelate as a 19F chelate analogue
of existing optical dyes. Taking advantage of the difference in the
ion-specific 19F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical
shift offset (Δω) values between the ion-bound and free
TF-BAPTA, we exploited the dynamic exchange between ion-bound and
free TF-BAPTA to obtain MRI contrast with multi-ion chemical exchange
saturation transfer (miCEST). We demonstrate that TF-BAPTA as a prototype
single 19F probe can be used to separately visualize mixed
Zn2+ and Fe2+ ions in a specific and simultaneous
fashion, without interference from potential competitive ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Bar-Shir
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, ‡Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, §Department of Biomedical Engineering, ∥Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, and ⊥Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cheng Z, Tsourkas A. Monitoring phospholipase A₂ activity with Gd-encapsulated phospholipid liposomes. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6958. [PMID: 25376186 PMCID: PMC4223643 DOI: 10.1038/srep06958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, numerous analytical methods have been developed to monitor phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity. However, many of these methods require the use of unnatural PLA2 substrates that may alter enzyme kinetics, and probes that cannot be extended to applications in more complex environments. It would be desirable to develop a versatile assay that monitors PLA2 activity based on interactions with natural phospholipids in complex biological samples. Here, we developed an activatable T1 magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agent to monitor PLA2 activity. Specifically, the clinically approved gadolinium (Gd)-based MR contrast agent, gadoteridol, was encapsulated within nanometer-sized phospholipid liposomes. The encapsulated Gd exhibited a low T1-weighted signal, due to low membrane permeability. However, when the phospholipids within the liposomal membrane were hydrolyzed by PLA2, encapsulated Gd was released into bulk solution, resulting in a measureable change in the T1-relaxation time. These activatable MR contrast agents can potentially be used as nanosensors for monitoring of PLA2 activity in biological samples with minimal sample preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Andrew Tsourkas
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tanwar J, Datta A, Chauhan K, Kumaran SS, Tiwari AK, Kadiyala KG, Pal S, Thirumal M, Mishra AK. Design and synthesis of calcium responsive magnetic resonance imaging agent: Its relaxation and luminescence studies. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 82:225-32. [PMID: 24904969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Calcium concentration modulation both inside and outside cell is of considerable interest for nervous system function in normal and pathological conditions. MRI has potential for very high spatial resolution at molecular/cellular level. Design, synthesis and evaluation of Gd-DO3A-AME-NPHE, a calcium responsive MRI contrast agent is presented. The probe is comprised of a Gd(3+)-DO3A core coupled to iminoacetate coordinating groups for calcium induced relaxivity switching. In the absence of Ca(2+) ions, inner sphere water binding to the Gd-DO3A-AME-NPHE is restricted with longitudinal relaxivity, r1 = 4.37 mM(-1) s(-1) at 4.7 T. However, addition of Ca(2+) triggers a marked enhancement in r1 = 6.99 mM(-1) s(-1) at 4.7 T (60% increase). The construct is highly selective for Ca(2+) over competitive metal ions at extracellular concentration. The r1 is modulated by changes in the hydration number (0.2 to 1.05), which was confirmed by luminescence emission lifetimes of the analogous Eu(3+) complex. T1 phantom images establish the capability of complex of visualizing changes in [Ca(2+)] by MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Tanwar
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054, India; Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Anupama Datta
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054, India.
| | - Kanchan Chauhan
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054, India
| | - S Senthil Kumaran
- Department of N.M.R. and MRI, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjani K Tiwari
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054, India
| | - K Ganesh Kadiyala
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054, India; Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Sunil Pal
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054, India
| | - M Thirumal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Anil K Mishra
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054, India.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bar-Shir A, Avram L, Yariv-Shoushan S, Anaby D, Cohen S, Segev-Amzaleg N, Frenkel D, Sadan O, Offen D, Cohen Y. Alginate-coated magnetic nanoparticles for noninvasive MRI of extracellular calcium. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 27:774-783. [PMID: 24764262 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have great potential to increase the diagnostic capacity of many imaging modalities. MRI is currently regarded as the method of choice for the imaging of deep tissues, and metal ions, such as calcium ions (Ca(2+)), are essential ingredients for life. Despite the tremendous importance of Ca(2+) for the well-being of living systems, the noninvasive determination of the changes in Ca(2+) levels in general, and extracellular Ca(2+) levels in particular, in deep tissues remains a challenge. Here, we describe the preparation and contrast mechanism of a flexible easy to prepare and selective superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) NPs for the noninvasive determination of changes in extracellular Ca(2+) levels using conventional MRI. We show that SPIO NPs coated with monodisperse and purified alginate, having a specific molecular weight, provide a tool to selectively determine Ca(2+) concentrations in the range of 250 µm to 2.5 mm, even in the presence of competitive ions. The alginate-coated magnetic NPs (MNPs) aggregate in the presence of Ca(2+) , which, in turn, affects the T2 relaxation of the water protons in their vicinity. The new alginate-coated SPIO NP formulations, which have no effect on cell viability for 24 h, allow the detection of Ca(2+) levels secreted from ischemic cell cultures and the qualitative examination of the change in extracellular Ca(2+) levels in vivo. These results demonstrate that alginate-coated MNPs can be used, at least qualitatively, as a platform for the noninvasive MRI determination of extracellular Ca(2+) levels in myriad in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Bar-Shir
- School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Affiliation(s)
- Marie C. Heffern
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Lauren M. Matosziuk
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Thomas J. Meade
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Verma KD, Forgács A, Uh H, Beyerlein M, Maier ME, Petoud S, Botta M, Logothetis NK. New calcium-selective smart contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Chemistry 2013; 19:18011-26. [PMID: 24353083 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Calcium plays a vital role in the human body and especially in the central nervous system. Precise maintenance of Ca(2+) levels is very crucial for normal cell physiology and health. The deregulation of calcium homeostasis can lead to neuronal cell death and brain damage. To study this functional role played by Ca(2+) in the brain noninvasively by using magnetic resonance imaging, we have synthesized a new set of Ca(2+) -sensitive smart contrast agents (CAs). The agents were found to be highly selective to Ca(2+) in the presence of other competitive anions and cations in buffer and in physiological fluids. The structure of CAs comprises Gd(3+)-DO3A (DO3A=1,4,7-tris(carboxymethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) coupled to a Ca(2+) chelator o-amino phenol-N,N,O-triacetate (APTRA). The agents are designed to sense Ca(2+) present in extracellular fluid of the brain where its concentration is relatively high, that is, 1.2-0.8 mM. The determined dissociation constant of the CAs to Ca(2+) falls in the range required to sense and report changes in extracellular Ca(2+) levels followed by an increase in neural activity. In buffer, with the addition of Ca(2+) the increase in relaxivity ranged from 100-157%, the highest ever known for any T1-based Ca(2+)-sensitive smart CA. The CAs were analyzed extensively by the measurement of luminescence lifetime measurement on Tb(3+) analogues, nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD), and (17)O NMR transverse relaxation and shift experiments. The results obtained confirmed that the large relaxivity enhancement observed upon Ca(2+) addition is due to the increase of the hydration state of the complexes together with the slowing down of the molecular rotation and the retention of a significant contribution of the water molecules of the second sphere of hydration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Dhingra Verma
- Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Dept. of Physiology of Cognitive Processes, 72076 Tübingen (Germany); Present address: Case NFCR Center for Imaging Research, Dept. of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (USA).
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bar-Shir A, Gilad AA, Chan KWY, Liu G, van Zijl PCM, Bulte JWM, McMahon MT. Metal ion sensing using ion chemical exchange saturation transfer 19F magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:12164-7. [PMID: 23905693 DOI: 10.1021/ja403542g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Although metal ions are involved in a myriad of biological processes, noninvasive detection of free metal ions in deep tissue remains a formidable challenge. We present an approach for specific sensing of the presence of Ca(2+) in which the amplification strategy of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) is combined with the broad range of chemical shifts found in (19)F NMR spectroscopy to obtain magnetic resonance images of Ca(2+). We exploited the chemical shift change (Δω) of (19)F upon binding of Ca(2+) to the 5,5'-difluoro derivative of 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (5F-BAPTA) by radiofrequency labeling at the Ca(2+)-bound (19)F frequency and detection of the label transfer to the Ca(2+)-free (19)F frequency. Through the substrate binding kinetics we were able to amplify the signal of Ca(2+) onto free 5F-BAPTA and thus indirectly detect low Ca(2+) concentrations with high sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Bar-Shir
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tu C, Louie AY. Strategies for the development of gadolinium-based 'q'-activatable MRI contrast agents. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2013; 26:781-787. [PMID: 23015370 PMCID: PMC3586386 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and rapid development of activatable contrast agents (CAs), whose relaxivity changes in response to the variation of a specific marker in the surrounding physiological microenvironment, have expanded the scope of MRI beyond anatomical and functional imaging to also convey information at the cellular and molecular level. The essence of an activatable MRI CA is the difference in relaxivity before and after a change in a physiological variable: the larger the difference, the better the CA. In this review, strategies for the design of activatable gadolinium CAs, with a switching mechanism based on the modulation of hydration (q), sensitive to common variables in the physiological microenvironment, such as pH, light, redox and metal ions, are illustrated and discussed.
Collapse
|
29
|
Napolitano R, Pariani G, Fedeli F, Baranyai Z, Aswendt M, Aime S, Gianolio E. Synthesis and relaxometric characterization of a MRI Gd-based probe responsive to glutamic acid decarboxylase enzymatic activity. J Med Chem 2013; 56:2466-77. [PMID: 23469759 DOI: 10.1021/jm301831f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Novel contrast agent based systems, which selectively visualize specific cells, e.g., neurons in the brain, would be of substantial importance for the fast developing field of molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We report here the synthesis and in vitro validation of a Gd(III)-based contrast agent designed to act as an MRI responsive probe for imaging the activity of the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) present in neurons. Upon the action of the enzyme, the Gd(III) complex increases its hydration sphere and takes on a residual positive charge that promotes its binding to endogenous macromolecules. Both effects contribute in a synergic way to generate a marked relaxation enhancement, which directly reports enzyme activity and will allow activity detection of GAD positive cells in vitro and in vivo selectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Napolitano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnologies and Health Sciences and Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pazos E, Goličnik M, Mascareñas JL, Vázquez ME. Detection of phosphorylation states by intermolecular sensitization of lanthanide-peptide conjugates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 48:9534-6. [PMID: 22899319 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc34958b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The luminescence of a designed peptide equipped with a coordinatively-unsaturated lanthanide complex is modulated by the phosphorylation state of a serine residue in the sequence. While the phosphorylated state is weakly emissive, even in the presence of an external antenna, removal of the phosphate allows coordination of the sensitizer to the metal, yielding a highly emissive supramolecular complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pazos
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares, Departamento de Química Orgánica and Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
de la Reberdière A, Lachaud F, Chuburu F, Cadiou C, Lemercier G. Synthesis of a new family of protected 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triacetic acid derivatives with thioctic acid pending arms. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.08.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
32
|
Bonnet CS, Tóth É. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents. Supramol Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470661345.smc104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
33
|
Yang CT, Chuang KH. Gd(iii) chelates for MRI contrast agents: from high relaxivity to “smart”, from blood pool to blood–brain barrier permeable. MEDCHEMCOMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md00279e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
34
|
Kitamura M, Suzuki T, Abe R, Ueno T, Aoki S. 11B NMR sensing of d-block metal ions in vitro and in cells based on the carbon-boron bond cleavage of phenylboronic acid-pendant cyclen (cyclen = 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane). Inorg Chem 2011; 50:11568-80. [PMID: 22010826 DOI: 10.1021/ic201507q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including the "chemical shift imaging (CSI)" technique based on (1)H NMR signals is a powerful method for the in vivo imaging of intracellular molecules and for monitoring various biological events. However, it has the drawback of low resolution because of background signals from intrinsic water protons. On the other hand, it is assumed that the (11)B NMR signals which can be applied to a CSI technique have certain advantages, since boron is an ultratrace element in animal cells and tissues. In this manuscript, we report on the sensing of biologically indispensable d-block metal cations such as zinc, copper, iron, cobalt, manganese, and nickel based on (11)B NMR signals of simple phenylboronic acid-pendant cyclen (cyclen = 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane), L(6) and L(7), in aqueous solution at physiological pH. The results indicate that the carbon-boron bond of L(6) is cleaved upon the addition of Zn(2+) and the broad (11)B NMR signal of L(6) at 31 ppm is shifted upfield to 19 ppm, which corresponds to the signal of B(OH)(3). (1)H NMR, X-ray single crystal structure analysis, and UV absorption spectra also provide support for the carbon-boron bond cleavage of ZnL(6). Because the cellular uptake of L(6) was very small, a more cell-membrane permeable ligand containing the boronic acid ester L(7) was synthesized and investigated for the sensing of d-block metal ions using (11)B NMR. Data on (11)B NMR sensing of Zn(2+) in Jurkat T cells using L(7) is also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Kitamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Given the important role of metal ions in fundamental biological processes, the visualization of their concentration in living animals by repeatable, noninvasive imaging techniques, such as MRI, would be highly desirable. A large number of metal-responsive MRI contrast agents, the majority based on Gd(3+) complexes, have been reported in recent years. The contrast-enhancing properties (relaxivity) of a Gd(3+) complex can be most conveniently modulated by interaction with the sensed metal cation via changes in the number of water molecules bound directly to Gd(3+) or changes in the size of the complex, which represent the two major strategies to develop metal sensitive MRI probes. Here, we survey paramagnetic lanthanide complexes involving Gd(3+) agents and paramagnetic chemical exchange saturation transfer probes designed to detect the most important endogenous metal ions: calcium, zinc, iron and copper. Future work will likely focus on extending applications of these agents to living animals, as well as on exploring new ways of creating molecular MRI probes in order to meet requirements such as higher specificity or lower detection limits.
Collapse
|
36
|
Henig J, Mamedov I, Fouskova P, Tóth É, Logothetis NK, Angelovski G, Mayer HA. Influence of Calcium-Induced Aggregation on the Sensitivity of Aminobis(methylenephosphonate)-Containing Potential MRI Contrast Agents. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:6472-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ic1024235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Henig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ilgar Mamedov
- Abteilung für Physiologie kognitiver Prozesse, Max-Planck-Institut für biologische Kybernetik, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Petra Fouskova
- Le Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Éva Tóth
- Le Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France
| | - Nikos K. Logothetis
- Abteilung für Physiologie kognitiver Prozesse, Max-Planck-Institut für biologische Kybernetik, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Goran Angelovski
- Abteilung für Physiologie kognitiver Prozesse, Max-Planck-Institut für biologische Kybernetik, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hermann A. Mayer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kadjane P, Logothetis NK, Angelovski G. A straightforward and convenient pathway for the synthesis of functional bismacrocyclic ligands. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.01.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
38
|
Tu C, Osborne EA, Louie AY. Activatable T₁ and T₂ magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. Ann Biomed Eng 2011; 39:1335-48. [PMID: 21331662 PMCID: PMC3069332 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-011-0270-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become one of the most important diagnosis tools available in medicine. Typically MRI is not capable of sensing biochemical activities. However, recently emerged activatable MRI contrast agents (CAs), whose relaxivity is variable in response to a specific parameter change in the surrounding physiological microenvironment, potentially allow for MRI to indicate biological processes. Among the various factors influencing the relaxivity of a CA, the number of inner-sphere water molecules (q) directly coordinated to the metal center, the residence time of the coordinated water molecule (τ (m)), and the rotational correlation time representing the molecular tumbling time of a complex (τ (R)) contribute strongly to the relaxivity of an activatable CA. Tuning the ligand structure and properties has been the subject of intensive research for activatable MR CA designs. This review summarizes a variety of activatable MRI CAs sensitive to common variables in microenvironment in vivo, i.e., pH, luminescence, metal ions, redox, and enzymes, etc., with emphasis on the influence of ligand design on parameters q, τ (m), and τ (R).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuqiao Tu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kubíček V, Vitha T, Kotek J, Hermann P, Vander Elst L, Muller RN, Lukeš I, Peters JA. Towards MRI contrast agents responsive to Ca(II) and Mg(II) ions: metal-induced oligomerization of dota-bisphosphonate conjugates. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2011; 5:294-6. [PMID: 20973114 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), paramagnetic complexes are utilized as contrast agents. Much attention has been paid to the development of new contrast agents responsive to pH, temperature or concentration of various components of body liquids. We report a new type of MRI probe sensing the concentrations of calcium and magnesium in biological media. The ligand do3ap(BP) combines a dota-like chelator with a bisphosphonate group. In the complex, the Gd(III) ion is entrapped in the macrocyclic cavity whereas the bisphosphonate group is not coordinated and therefore is available for coordination with endogenous metal ions. In the presence of metal ions, Gd-do3ap(BP) appears to show formation of coordination oligomers leading to an unprecedented increase in r(1) up to 200-500%. The extremely high relaxivity response makes this type of compound interesting for further studies as MRI ion-responsive probes for biomedical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Kubíček
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mishra A, Logothetis NK, Parker D. Critical in vitro evaluation of responsive MRI contrast agents for calcium and zinc. Chemistry 2011; 17:1529-37. [PMID: 21268155 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of two gadolinium(III) complexes that exhibit an increase in proton relaxivity in the presence of added Ca(2+) or Zn(2+) ions is reported. The complexes increase their hydration state from zero to one following metal-ion binding, confirmed by spectral measurements on the corresponding Eu(III) complexes. At a field of 1.4 T and 310 K, modulation of relaxivity of the order of 30-40% was observed in mouse serum in each case. The dissociation constants for Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) binding were sensitive to the presence of added bicarbonate, and were 450 μM (Ca(2+)) and 200 μM (Zn(2+)) in serum. Such systems may, therefore, be considered for use as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents to track the restoration of changes in metal-ion concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid of the brain, following neural stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kasala D, Lin TS, Chen CY, Liu GC, Kao CL, Cheng TL, Wang YM. [Gd(Try-TTDA)(H2O)]2−: A new MRI contrast agent for copper ion sensing. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:5018-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt10033e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
42
|
Lattuada L, Barge A, Cravotto G, Giovenzana GB, Tei L. The synthesis and application of polyamino polycarboxylic bifunctional chelating agents. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:3019-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00199f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
43
|
Tanwar J, Datta A, Tiwari AK, Chaturvedi S, Ojha H, Allard M, Chaudary NK, Thirumal M, Mishra AK. Facile synthesis of non-ionic dimeric molecular resonance imaging contrast agent: its relaxation and luminescence studies. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:3346-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01370f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
44
|
Mamedov I, Canals S, Henig J, Beyerlein M, Murayama Y, Mayer HA, Logothetis NK, Angelovski G. In vivo characterization of a smart MRI agent that displays an inverse response to calcium concentration. ACS Chem Neurosci 2010; 1:819-28. [PMID: 22778817 DOI: 10.1021/cn100083a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that exhibit sensitivity toward specific ions or molecules represent a challenging but attractive direction of research. Here a Gd(3+) complex linked to an aminobis(methylenephosphonate) group for chelating Ca(2+) was synthesized and investigated. The longitudinal relaxivity (r(1)) of this complex decreases during the relaxometric titration with Ca(2+) from 5.76 to 3.57 mM(-1) s(-1) upon saturation. The r(1) is modulated by changes in the hydration number, which was confirmed by determination of the luminescence emission lifetimes of the analogous Eu(3+) complex. The initial in vivo characterization of this responsive contrast agent was performed by means of electrophysiology and MRI experiments. The investigated complex is fully biocompatible, having no observable effect on neuronal function after administration into the brain ventricles or parenchyma. Distribution studies demonstrated that the diffusivity of this agent is significantly lower compared with that of gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilgar Mamedov
- Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Santiago Canals
- Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Henig
- Department for Inorganic Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Beyerlein
- Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yusuke Murayama
- Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hermann A. Mayer
- Department for Inorganic Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nikos K. Logothetis
- Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K
| | - Goran Angelovski
- Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Calcium-responsive paramagnetic CEST agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:1097-105. [PMID: 20691598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of changes in the extracellular calcium concentration by magnetic resonance imaging would be a valuable biomedical research tool to monitor brain neuronal activity. In this perspective, we report here the synthesis of novel ligands consisting of tetraamide and bisamide derivatives of cyclen, L(1) and L(2), respectively, each bearing imino(diacetate) moieties for Ca(2+) binding. Yb(3+) and Eu(3+) complexes are investigated as chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) agents that respond to the presence of Ca(2+). A CEST effect is observed for both YbL(1) and EuL(1) complexes (B=11.7T), originating from the slow exchange of the amide protons and those of the coordinated water, respectively, whilst no CEST is detected for complexes of L(2). Upon calcium binding, the CEST effect decreases considerably (from 60% to 20% for YbL(1) and from 35% to 10% for EuL(1)). A similar variation is observed in the presence of Mg(2+). The affinity constants between the lanthanide complexes and the alkaline earth metal ions have been estimated from the variation of the CEST effect to be K(YbL(1)-Ca)(aff) = 8 ± 2M(-1), K(YbL(1)-Mg)(aff) = 23 ± 3M(-1) and K(EuL(1)-Ca)(aff) = 10 ± 3M(-1). These low values imply the coordination of the alkaline earth ions to a single iminodiacetate arm. Ca(2+)/Mg(2+) binding to the lanthanide complexes slows down the exchange of the amide protons on YbL(1) which is responsible for the diminished CEST effect. This has been evidenced by assessing the proton exchange rates from the dependency of the CEST effect on the saturation time and the saturation power, in the absence and in the presence of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+). The applicability of the PARACEST MRI agents for Ca(2+) detection has been evaluated on a 16T MRI scanner.
Collapse
|
46
|
Towards highly efficient, intelligent and bimodal imaging probes: Novel approaches provided by lanthanide coordination chemistry. CR CHIM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2010.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
47
|
Bonnet CS, Tóth E. Smart MR imaging agents relevant to potential neurologic applications. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2010; 31:401-9. [PMID: 19833798 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging is aimed at the noninvasive visualization of the expression and function of bioactive molecules that often represent specific molecular signatures in disease processes. Any molecular imaging procedure requires an imaging probe that is specific to a given molecular event, which puts an important emphasis on chemistry development. In MR imaging, the past years have witnessed significant advances in the design of molecular agents, though most of these efforts have not yet progressed to in vivo studies. In this review, we present some examples relevant to potential neurobiologic applications. Our aim was to show what chemistry can bring to the area of molecular MR imaging with a focus on the 2 main classes of imaging probes: Gd(3+)-based and PARACEST agents. We will discuss responsive probes for the detection of metal ions such as Ca, Zn, Fe, and Cu, pH, enzymatic activity, and oxygenation state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C S Bonnet
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, Orléans, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Que EL, Gianolio E, Baker SL, Aime S, Chang CJ. A copper-activated magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent with improved turn-on relaxivity response and anion compatibility. Dalton Trans 2009:469-76. [PMID: 20023983 DOI: 10.1039/b916931h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present the synthesis and characterization of Copper-Gad-7 (CG7), a new copper-activated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent that possesses a Gd(3+)-DO3A scaffold with an appended thioether-rich receptor for copper recognition. Installation of additional carboxylate groups on the periphery of the CG scaffold affords a practical strategy to increase the absolute relaxivity of these types of copper-responsive MRI sensors as well as reduce their sensitivity to biologically abundant anions. Due in large part to restricted access of inner-sphere water molecules to the paramagnetic Gd(3+) core, in the absence of copper ions, CG7 exhibits a relatively low relaxivity value of r(1) = 2.6 mM(-1) s(-1); addition of Cu(+) triggers a 340% enhancement in relaxivity to r(1) = 11.4 mM(-1) s(-1). For comparison, the relaxivity of the analogous CG2 sensor without peripheral carboxylates increases from r(1) = 1.5 to 6.9 mM(-1) s(-1) upon Cu(+) binding. CG7 features high selectivity for Cu(+) over a range of biologically relevant metal ions, including the cellular abundant alkali and alkaline earth cations and d-block ions Zn(2+) and Cu(2+). Moreover, the Cu(+)-response of the CG7 sensor is not significantly affected by bicarbonate, phosphate, citrate, and lactate anions at cellular levels. (17)O NMR dysprosium-induced shift (DIS) and nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) experiments suggest that the origin of the improved anion compatibility of CG7 is a reduced q modulation compared to previous members of the CG family, and T(1)-weighted phantom images confirm that CG7 can monitor changes in copper levels by MRI at clinically relevant field strengths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Que
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Que EL, Chang CJ. Responsive magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents as chemical sensors for metals in biology and medicine. Chem Soc Rev 2009; 39:51-60. [PMID: 20023836 DOI: 10.1039/b914348n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This tutorial review highlights progress in the development of responsive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for detecting and sensing biologically relevant metal ions. Molecular imaging with bioactivatable MRI indicators offers a potentially powerful methodology for studying the physiology and pathology of metals by capturing dynamic three-dimensional images of living systems for research and clinical applications. This emerging area at the interface of inorganic chemistry and the life sciences offers a broad palette of opportunities for researchers with interests ranging from coordination chemistry and spectroscopy to supramolecular chemistry and molecular recognition to metals in biology and medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Que
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Affiliation(s)
- Reagan McRae
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Pritha Bagchi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - S. Sumalekshmy
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Christoph J. Fahrni
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| |
Collapse
|