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José Alcaraz M. Control of articular degeneration by extracellular vesicles from stem/stromal cells as a potential strategy for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116226. [PMID: 38663683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint condition that contributes to years lived with disability. Current therapeutic approaches are limited as there are no disease-modifying interventions able to delay or inhibit the progression of disease. In recent years there has been an increasing interest in the immunomodulatory and regenerative properties of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) to develop new OA therapies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate many of the biological effects of these cells and may represent an alternative avoiding the limitations of cell-based therapy. There is also a growing interest in EV modifications to enhance their efficacy and applications. Recent preclinical studies have provided strong evidence supporting the potential of MSC EVs for the development of OA treatments. Thus, MSC EVs may regulate chondrocyte functions to avoid cartilage destruction, inhibit abnormal subchondral bone metabolism and synovial tissue alterations, and control pain behavior. EV actions may be mediated by the transfer of their cargo to target cells, with an important role for proteins and non-coding RNAs modulating signaling pathways relevant for OA progression. Nevertheless, additional investigations are needed concerning EV optimization, and standardization of preparation procedures. More research is also required for a better knowledge of possible effects on different OA phenotypes, pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, long-term effects and safety profile. Furthermore, MSC EVs have a high potential as vehicles for drug delivery or as adjuvant therapy to potentiate or complement the effects of other approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Alcaraz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain.
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Deng X, Ye K, Tang J, Huang Y. Association of rs1800795 and rs1800796 polymorphisms in interleukin-6 gene and osteoarthritis risk: evidence from a meta-analysis. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 42:328-342. [PMID: 36395270 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2022.2147541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Multiple studies have investigated the association of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene polymorphisms and osteoarthritis (OA) risk, but failed to reach a consistent conclusion. Therefore, this study was designed to elucidate the association of IL-6 polymorphisms and OA by a meta-analysis approach. Literature retrieval was carried out on PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang databases. The strength of association was appraised by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) in five genetic models. The data were merged by using RevMan 5.3 software. Ten studies with 4944 cases and 4651 controls were analyzed. Overall, no significant association was identified between rs1800795 polymorphism and OA. Subgroup analysis by ethnicity and OA site also suggested rs1800795 polymorphism was not associated with OA. For rs1800796 polymorphism, G-allele and GG-genotype carriers appeared to have an increased risk to OA (G vs. C, OR = 1.66, 95%CI 1.30-1.96, P < 0.01; GG vs. CC, OR = 1.75, 95%CI 1.07-2.84, P = 0.03; GG vs. GC + CC, OR = 1.82, 95%CI 1.42-2.34, P < 0.01). Findings of this study indicate that the rs1800795 polymorphism is not correlated to OA susceptibility, regardless of ethnicity or OA site. However, rs1800796 polymorphism trends to be associated with susceptibility to OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Deng
- Department of Orthopedic, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to North Sichuan Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Ye
- Department of Orthopedic, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to North Sichuan Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jidong Tang
- Department of Orthopedic, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to North Sichuan Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Huang
- Department of Orthopedic, Chengdu Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to North Sichuan Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Fu S, Yan M, Fan Q, Xu J. Salidroside promotes osteoblast proliferation and differentiation via the activation of AMPK to inhibit bone resorption of knee osteoarthritis mice. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101917. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Song CX, Liu SY, Zhu WT, Xu SY, Ni GX. Excessive mechanical stretch‑mediated osteoblasts promote the catabolism and apoptosis of chondrocytes via the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:593. [PMID: 34165157 PMCID: PMC8222797 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive biomechanical loading is considered an important cause of osteoarthritis. Although the mechanical responses of chondrocytes and osteoblasts have been investigated, their communication during mechanical loading and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet fully known. The present study investigated the effects of excessive mechanically stretched osteoblasts on the metabolism and apoptosis of chondrocytes, and also assessed the involvement of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. In the present study, rat chondrocytes and osteoblasts were subjected to mechanical tensile strain, and an indirect chondrocyte‑osteoblast co‑culture model was established. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting were performed to determine the expression levels of genes and proteins of interest. An ELISA was performed to investigate the levels of cytokines, including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 13, MMP 3, interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) and prostaglandin E2 (PG E2), released from osteoblasts. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the apoptosis of chondrocytes exposed to stretched osteoblast conditioned culture medium. The levels of MMP 13, IL‑6 and PG E2 increased significantly in the supernatants of stretched osteoblasts compared with the un‑stretched group. By contrast, the mRNA expression levels of Collagen 1a and alkaline phosphatase were significantly decreased in osteoblasts subjected to mechanical stretch compared with the un‑stretched group. The mRNA expression level of Collagen 2a was significantly decreased, whereas the expression levels of MMP 13 and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin‑like motifs 5 were significantly increased in chondrocytes subjected to mechanical stretch compared with the un‑stretched group. In the co‑culture model, the results indicated that excessive mechanically stretched osteoblasts induced the catabolism and apoptosis of chondrocytes, which was partly inhibited by Wnt inhibitor XAV‑939. The results of the present study demonstrated that excessive mechanical stretch led to chondrocyte degradation and inhibited osteoblast osteogenic differentiation; furthermore, excessive mechanically stretched osteoblasts induced the catabolism and apoptosis of chondrocytes via the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Xian Song
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Yao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ting Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Yong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Xin Ni
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Guo-Xin Ni, School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian, Beijing 100084, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Shi GX, Tu JF, Wang TQ, Yang JW, Wang LQ, Lin LL, Wang Y, Li YT, Liu CZ. Effect of Electro-Acupuncture (EA) and Manual Acupuncture (MA) on Markers of Inflammation in Knee Osteoarthritis. J Pain Res 2020; 13:2171-2179. [PMID: 32904642 PMCID: PMC7457556 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s256950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Although both electro-acupuncture (EA) and manual acupuncture (MA) are known to influence systemic inflammation, little is known about the potential changes in inflammation as a working mechanism of EA and MA in KOA. Methods Data from the Acupuncture for Knee Osteoarthritis Trial (ATKOA) were used. Serum concentrations of inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), CC-chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), and cartilage degradation biomarkers (matrix metalloproteinase-1 MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13 and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein COMP)) were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment. Clinical outcomes were valid and reliable self-reported pain and function measures for osteoarthritis using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline and post-treatment. Results Both 8-weeks EA and MA significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β), and cartilage degradation biomarkers (MMP-3, MMP-13) significantly increased the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-13 compared with pre-treatment (p<0.05). Further, the reduction of TNF-α was more significant in EA when compared to MA (p=0.046). While there was no significant difference between groups in cytokines IL-1β (p=0.102), MMP-3 (p=0.113), MMP-13 (p=0.623) or IL-13 (p=0.935). Moreover, in both EA and MA, the effect of acupuncture on the VAS and WOMAC function scale after 8 weeks is clinically important, although no significant differences were found between groups. Conclusion Eight weeks of both EA and MA seem to provide improvement in pain relief and function among individuals with mild to moderate knee OA. This benefit is partly mediated by changes of major inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-13. Trial Registration Controlled-Trials.com Identifier: NCT03274713.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Xia Shi
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Feng Tu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Qi Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Wen Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qiong Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Lu Lin
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ting Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cun-Zhi Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Jiang A, Gao S, Zhao Z, Tan Q, Sun S, Song C, Leng H. Phenotype changes of subchondral plate osteoblasts based on a rat model of ovariectomy-induced osteoarthritis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:476. [PMID: 32395520 PMCID: PMC7210138 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.03.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is prevalent in postmenopausal women. Subchondral bone in ovariectomized (OVX) rats might play a more important role in cartilage degeneration compared with other types of OA. How subchondral osteoblast changes in OVX rats is still unclear. Understanding of osteoblast changes obtained from OVX subchondral bone might be helpful to clarify pathogenesis of OVX-OA. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: Sham (n=20) and OVX (n=20). Serum levels of Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I) were measured every one or two weeks. All rats were executed at week 9 post surgery. The weight of rats and the wet weight of uterus were assessed. Micro-computed Tomography (micro-CT) was used to analyze the knee microstructure, and toluidine blue staining was employed to evaluate cartilage erosion. Subchondral osteoblast proliferation ability by cell counting kit-8 assay, osteogenic genes expressions by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), differentiation and mineralization ability by ALP staining and alizarin red staining were evaluated and compared between Sham and OVX. Results Ovariectomy induced significant increases of serum ALP and CTX-I as early as at week 2. At week 9 after surgery, the body weight of OVX rats was significantly increased, and uterus weight of OVX rats was remarkably decreased. OVX rats demonstrated significant subchondral bone change and cartilage erosion compared with Sham rats. mRNA levels of early markers of osteogenic differentiation (ALP, type I collagen, Runx2) were enhanced in OVX rats, but the late marker (osteocalcin) was not significantly different. ALP activity of osteoblasts increased, but the mineralization capacity decreased in OVX rats. Conclusions Subchondral osteoblasts in OVX rats exhibited different proliferation, differentiation and mineralization abilities from normal counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenda Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qizhao Tan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shang Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chunli Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Spine Diseases, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huijie Leng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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Kovács B, Vajda E, Nagy EE. Regulatory Effects and Interactions of the Wnt and OPG-RANKL-RANK Signaling at the Bone-Cartilage Interface in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184653. [PMID: 31546898 PMCID: PMC6769977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage and the bordering subchondral bone form a functionally active regulatory interface with a prominent role in osteoarthritis pathways. The Wnt and the OPG-RANKL-RANK signaling systems, as key mediators, interact in subchondral bone remodeling. Osteoarthritic osteoblasts polarize into two distinct phenotypes: a low secretory and an activated, pro-inflammatory and anti-resorptive subclass producing high quantities of IL-6, PGE2, and osteoprotegerin, but low levels of RANKL, thus acting as putative effectors of subchondral bone sclerosis. Wnt agonists, Wnt5a, Wisp-1 initiate excessive bone remodeling, while Wnt3a and 5a simultaneously cause loss of proteoglycans and phenotype shift in chondrocytes, with decreased expression of COL2A, aggrecan, and Sox-9. Sclerostin, a Wnt antagonist possesses a protective effect for the cartilage, while DKK-1 inhibits VEGF, suspending neoangiogenesis in the subchondral bone. Experimental conditions mimicking abnormal mechanical load, the pro-inflammatory milieu, but also a decreased OPG/RANKL ratio in the cartilage, trigger chondrocyte apoptosis and loss of the matrix via degradative matrix metalloproteinases, like MMP-13 or MMP-9. Hypoxia, an important cofactor exerts a dual role, promoting matrix synthesis via HIF-1α, a Wnt silencer, but turning on HIF-2α that enhances VEGF and MMP-13, along with aberrant collagen expression and extracellular matrix deterioration in the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Enikő Vajda
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Előd Ernő Nagy
- Department of Biochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania.
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Electroacupuncture Delays Cartilage Degeneration by Modulating Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling Pathway. Chin J Integr Med 2019; 25:677-683. [PMID: 30656598 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2916-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To illustrate the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Twenty-seven six-month-old New Zealand white rabbits were allocated into three groups in accordance with a random number table: normal group (no surgery-induced OA; without treatment), model group (surgery-induced OA; without treatment) and EA group [surgery-induced OA; received treatment with EA at acupoints Dubi (ST 35) and Neixiyan (EX-LE 5), 30 min twice a day]. After eight consecutive weeks of treatment, the histopathological alterations in cartilage were observed using optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, cartilage degeneration was evaluated by modified Mankin's score principles, the synovial fluid concentration of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the protein expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-3, IκB kinase-β (IKK-β), nuclear factor of α light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor α (IκB-α) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 were quantified by Western blot analysis. RESULTS EA treatment significantly improved cartilage structure arrangement and reduced cellular degeneration. The IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MMP-3 of synovial fluid in the EA-treated group were significantly decreased compared with the model group (all P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-3, IKK-β and NF-κB p65 protein expressions in cartilage of EA-treated group were significantly decreased (all P<0.01), whereas IκB-α expression was significantly up-regulated (P<0.01). CONCLUSION EA treatment may delay cartilage degeneration by down-regulating inflammatory factors through NF-κB signaling pathway, which may, in part, explain its clinical efficacy in the treatment of knee OA.
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Lü Q, Gou Y, Tian F, Zhang L. [Research progress on protease-activated receptor 2 in pathogenesis of osteoarthritis]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2017; 31:1517-1522. [PMID: 29806398 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201705025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective To review the research progress on protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Methods The relevant literature about the mechanism of PAR-2 in the occurrence and development of OA in recent years was extensively reviewed and comprehensively analyzed. Results Abnormal activation of PAR-2 plays an important role in responses to occurrence and development of OA. Through regulating production and releasing of a variety of cytokines (such as inflammatory factors, metabolic factors, pain factors, etc.), the PAR-2 can involve in pathophysiological progression of OA articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and synovial membrane, as well as occurrence and transmission of pain. Conclusion PAR-2 participation in the development of OA has been confirmed. However, since PAR-2 is complicated and widespread, it is necessary to study the specific role of PAR-2 and the interaction between various signal pathways in the progression of OA, and to elucidate the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of PAR-2 participating in the process of OA, in the hope of exploring the new targets for the effective control of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglie Lü
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan Hebei, 063000, P.R.China
| | - Yu Gou
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang Hebei, 050017, P.R.China
| | - Faming Tian
- Medical Research Center, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan Hebei, 063000,
| | - Liu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan Hebei, 063000,
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Extracellular Vesicles from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Downregulate Senescence Features in Osteoarthritic Osteoblasts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7197598. [PMID: 29230269 PMCID: PMC5694590 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7197598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) affects all articular tissues leading to pain and disability. The dysregulation of bone metabolism may contribute to the progression of this condition. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) are attractive candidates in the search of novel strategies for OA treatment and exert anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects on cartilage. Chronic inflammation in OA is a relevant factor in the development of cellular senescence and joint degradation. In this study, we extend our previous observations of ASC paracrine effects to study the influence of conditioned medium and extracellular vesicles from ASC on senescence induced by inflammatory stress in OA osteoblasts. Our results in cells stimulated with interleukin- (IL-) 1β indicate that conditioned medium, microvesicles, and exosomes from ASC downregulate senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity and the accumulation of γH2AX foci. In addition, they reduced the production of inflammatory mediators, with the highest effect on IL-6 and prostaglandin E2. The control of mitochondrial membrane alterations and oxidative stress may provide a mechanism for the protective effects of ASC in OA osteoblasts. We have also shown that microvesicles and exosomes mediate the paracrine effects of ASC. Our study suggests that correction of abnormal osteoblast metabolism by ASC products may contribute to their protective effects.
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Maruotti N, Corrado A, Cantatore FP. Osteoblast role in osteoarthritis pathogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2957-2963. [PMID: 28425564 PMCID: PMC5575507 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Even if osteoarthritis pathogenesis is still poorly understood, numerous evidences suggest that osteoblasts dysregulation plays a key role in osteoarthritis pathogenesis. An abnormal expression of OPG and RANKL has been described in osteoarthritis osteoblasts, which is responsible for abnormal bone remodeling and decreased mineralization. Alterations in genes expression are involved in dysregulation of osteoblast function, bone remodeling, and mineralization, leading to osteoarthritis development. Moreover, osteoblasts produce numerous transcription factors, growth factors, and other proteic molecules which are involved in osteoarthritis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Maruotti
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia Medical School, Foggia, Italy
| | - Addolorata Corrado
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia Medical School, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco P Cantatore
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia Medical School, Foggia, Italy
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Priam S, Bougault C, Houard X, Gosset M, Salvat C, Berenbaum F, Jacques C. Identification of Soluble 14-3-3∊ as a Novel Subchondral Bone Mediator Involved in Cartilage Degradation in Osteoarthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:1831-42. [DOI: 10.1002/art.37951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Priam
- University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris VI; Paris; France
| | | | - Xavier Houard
- University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris VI; Paris; France
| | | | - Colette Salvat
- University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris VI; Paris; France
| | - Francis Berenbaum
- University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris VI and St. Antoine Hospital; AP-HP; Paris; France
| | - Claire Jacques
- University Pierre and Marie Curie Paris VI; Paris; France
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13
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Lansoprazole inhibits nitric oxide and prostaglandin E(2) production in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Inflammation 2012; 35:1062-8. [PMID: 22134422 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-011-9412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Aberrantly activated macrophages, which overproduce inflammatory mediators, are involved in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases. We analyzed the anti-inflammatory activity of lansoprazole (LPZ), a typical proton pump (P-ATPase) inhibitor, on RAW264.7 murine macrophages. Treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells with LPZ inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Since P-ATPase expression was not observed in RAW264.7 cells, the anti-inflammatory effect of LPZ was independent of ATPase. In contrast, diphenylene iodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, decreased NO but not PGE(2) levels. LPZ suppressed the LPS-stimulated production by RAW264.7 cells of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which plays an important role in inflammatory responses. ROS elevation in these cells was associated with NO but not PGE(2) production, suggesting that LPZ inhibits NO production by suppressing NADPH oxidase activity. These findings suggest that LPZ may be useful in the treatment of many inflammatory diseases associated with activated macrophages.
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Lateral patellar facetectomy had improved clinical results in patients with patellar-retaining total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty 2012; 27:1442-7. [PMID: 22325960 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2011.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the functional outcome of a partial lateral facetectomy in patellar-retaining total knee arthroplasty (TKA), we retrospectively analyzed 63 knees of 59 patients who underwent TKA for primary knee osteoarthritis with (32 knees of 30 patients, group 1) or without (31 knees of 29 patients, group 2) patellar facetectomy from September 2005 to July 2007. All cases were followed up for a minimum of 36 months. Although there was no significant differences between the 2 groups in preoperative patellar score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities score, knee and function scores, postoperatively, group 1 showed more significant improvements in the scores and fewer lateral patellar osteophytes in radiographs than group 2. A partial lateral facetectomy is an effective way to improve the function of patellar-retaining TKA in patients with primary osteoarthritis.
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Williams EL, Edwards CJ, Cooper C, Oreffo ROC. Impact of inflammation on the osteoarthritic niche: implications for regenerative medicine. Regen Med 2012; 7:551-70. [DOI: 10.2217/rme.12.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis worldwide and is the sixth leading cause of disability. It costs the UK economy approximately 1% of gross national product per annum. With an aging population, the cost of chronic conditions such as OA continues to rise. Historically, treatments for OA have been limited to painkillers, physiotherapy and joint injections. When these fail, patients are referred for joint replacement surgery. With the advent of tissue engineering strategies aimed at generating new bone and cartilage for repair of osteochondral defects, there has been considerable interest in exploiting these techniques to devise new treatments for OA. To date, little consideration has been given to the OA niche and attendant inflammatory milieu for any regenerative skeletal strategy. This review highlights the importance of understanding the osteoarthritic niche in order to modify existing tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies for the future treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Williams
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells & Regeneration, Human Development & Health, University of Southampton Medical School, Southampton, UK
| | - Christopher J Edwards
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells & Regeneration, Human Development & Health, University of Southampton Medical School, Southampton, UK
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- Rheumatology Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Richard OC Oreffo
- Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells & Regeneration, Human Development & Health, University of Southampton Medical School, Southampton, UK
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Clérigues V, Guillén MI, Castejón MA, Gomar F, Mirabet V, Alcaraz MJ. Heme oxygenase-1 mediates protective effects on inflammatory, catabolic and senescence responses induced by interleukin-1β in osteoarthritic osteoblasts. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 83:395-405. [PMID: 22155307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease showing altered bone metabolism. Osteoblasts contribute to the regulation of cartilage metabolism and bone remodeling. We have shown previously that induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protects OA cartilage against inflammatory and degradative responses. In this study, we investigated the effects of HO-1 induction on OA osteoblast metabolism. HO-1 was induced with cobalt protoporphyrin IX (CoPP) and by transduction with LV-HO-1. In osteoblasts stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β, CoPP enhanced mineralization, the expression of a number of markers of osteoblast differentiation such as Runx2, bone morphogenetic protein-2, osteocalcin, and collagen 1A1 and 1A2, as well as the ratio osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand. HO-1 induction significantly reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-2 and MMP-3, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6 whereas IL-10 levels increased. HO-1 also exerted inhibitory effects on prostaglandin (PG)E(2) production which could be dependent on cyclooxygenase-2 and microsomal PGE synthase-1 down-regulation. The activity of senescence-associated β-galactosidase and the expression of the senescence marker caveolin-1 were significantly decreased after HO-1 induction. The inhibition of nuclear factor-κB activation induced by IL-1β in OA osteoblasts may contribute to some HO-1 effects. Our results have shown that HO-1 decreases the production of relevant inflammatory and catabolic mediators that participate in OA pathophysiology thus eliciting protective effects in OA osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Clérigues
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
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Bellido M, Lugo L, Roman-Blas JA, Castañeda S, Calvo E, Largo R, Herrero-Beaumont G. Improving subchondral bone integrity reduces progression of cartilage damage in experimental osteoarthritis preceded by osteoporosis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2011; 19:1228-36. [PMID: 21820069 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Impairment of subchondral bone density and quality aggravates cartilage damage in osteoarthritis (OA). Accordingly, we assessed whether improving microstructure and quality at subchondral bone by the bone-forming agent parathyroid hormone (PTH) [1-34] prevent cartilage damage progression in a rabbit model of OA preceded by osteoporosis (OP). METHODS OP was induced in 20 female rabbits. At week 7, these rabbits underwent knee surgery to induce OA and, at week 12, they started either saline vehicle (n=10) or PTH (n=10) for 10 weeks. Ten healthy animals were used as controls. At week 22, microstructure was assessed by micro-computed tomography and bone remodelling by protein expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) at subchondral bone. Cartilage damage was evaluated using Mankin score. RESULTS PTH reversed the decrease of bone area/tissue area, trabecular thickness, plate thickness, polar moment of inertia, ALP expression and OPG/RANKL ratio, as well as counteracted the increase of fractal dimension and MMP9 expression at subchondral bone of osteoarthritis preceded by osteoporosis (OPOA) rabbits compared to vehicle administration (P<0.05). Likewise, PTH decreased cartilage damage severity in OPOA rabbits. Good correlations were observed between subchondral bone structure or remodelling parameters, and cartilage Mankin score. CONCLUSIONS Improvement of microstructural and remodelling parameters at subchondral bone by PTH [1-34] contributed to prevent cartilage damage progression in rabbits with early OPOA. These findings support the role of subchondral bone in OA. Further studies are warranted to establish the place of bone-forming agents as potential treatment in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bellido
- Bone and Joint Research Unit, Service of Rheumatology, IIS Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.
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Hiraoka N, Takahashi KA, Arai Y, Sakao K, Mazda O, Kishida T, Honjo K, Tanaka S, Kubo T. Intra-articular injection of hyaluronan restores the aberrant expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 in osteoarthritic subchondral bone. J Orthop Res 2011; 29:354-60. [PMID: 20886647 DOI: 10.1002/jor.21240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Subchondral bone is a candidate for treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). We investigated the effects of intra-articular injection of hyaluronan (IAI-HA) on subchondral bone in rabbit OA model. OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection, with some rabbits receiving IAI-HA. OA was graded morphologically, and expression of mRNA was assessed by real-time RT-PCR. Tissue sections were stained with hyaluronan-binding protein, and penetration of fluorescent hyaluronan was assessed. The in vitro inhibitory effect of hyaluronan on MMP-13 was analyzed in human osteoarthritic subchondral bone osteoblasts (OA Ob) by real-time RT-PCR and ELISA. Binding of hyaluronan to OA Ob via CD44 was assessed by immunofluorescence cytochemistry. Expression of MMP-13 and IL-6 mRNA in cartilage and subchondral bone, and morphological OA grade, increased over time. IAI-HA ameliorated the OA grade and selectively suppressed MMP-13 mRNA in subchondral bone. IAI-HA enhanced the hyaluronan staining of subchondral bone marrow cells and osteocyte lacunae. Fluorescence was observed in the subchondral bone marrow space. In OA Ob, hyaluronan reduced the expression and production of MMP-13, and anti-CD44 antibody blocked hyaluronan binding to OA Ob. These findings indicate that regulation of MMP-13 in subchondral bone may be a critical mechanism during IAI-HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Hiraoka
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
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Rothenberg AR, Ouyang L, Elisseeff JH. Mesenchymal stem cell stimulation of tissue growth depends on differentiation state. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 20:405-14. [PMID: 20887213 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The osteochondral microenvironment involves a complex milieu of cues that facilitate proper tissue development, homeostasis, and repair. This environment is disrupted in disease states such as osteoarthritis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are under clinical investigation for the treatment of osteoarthritis given their capacity to differentiate into chondrocytes as well as to secrete a wide array of biologically active factors that support cell proliferation and tissue formation. In fact, the therapeutic action of these cells in many clinical applications is now thought to be at least partially dependent on their secretory capacity. Previous work demonstrated that MSCs were capable of stimulating chondrocyte growth and tissue production, whereas tissue-derived osteoblasts were not stimulatory. This study investigated the stimulatory capacity of MSCs during osteogenesis and the impact of MSC phenotype on cartilage stimulation. Cell interactions were examined in 3 coculture systems to confirm that trends were not dependent on material: traditional cell culture insert coculture, bilayered poly(ethylene glycol) gels, and a scaffold comprised of a layer of poly(ethylene glycol) polymerized onto a poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid-based scaffold. Results demonstrated that MSCs predifferentiated toward an osteogenic phenotype for 3 days exhibited enhanced stimulation of chondrocyte extracellular matrix production, whereas longer periods of predifferentiation decreased the magnitude of observed stimulation. Further, tissue formation by the MSCs themselves showed greater dependence on the coculture system than the presence of other cells or length of predifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Rothenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Circulating levels of IL-6 and TNF-α are associated with knee radiographic osteoarthritis and knee cartilage loss in older adults. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18:1441-7. [PMID: 20816981 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Revised: 07/30/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of inflammation in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis is unclear, and the associations between inflammatory cytokines and cartilage loss have not been reported. We determined the associations between serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), knee radiographic OA (ROA) and cartilage loss over 2.9 years in older adults. METHODS A total of 172 randomly selected subjects (mean 63 years, range 52-78, 47% female) were studied at baseline and approximately 3 (range 2.6-3.3) years later. IL-6 and TNF-α were assessed by radioimmunoassay. T1-weighted fat-suppressed magnetic resonance imaging of the right knee was performed at baseline and follow-up to determine knee cartilage volume. Knee ROA of both knees was assessed at baseline. RESULTS At baseline, quartiles of IL-6 and TNF-α were associated with increased prevalence of medial tibiofemoral joint space narrowing (OARSI grade ≥ 1) in multivariate analyses [odds ratio (OR): 1.42 and 1.47 per quartile, respectively, both P<0.05]. Longitudinally, baseline IL-6 predicted loss of both medial and lateral tibial cartilage volume (β: -1.19% and -1.35% per annum per quartile, P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively), independently of TNF-α. Change in IL-6 was associated with increased loss of medial and lateral tibial cartilage volume (β: -1.18% and -1.06% per annum per quartile, both P<0.05) and change in TNF-α was also negatively associated with change in medial cartilage volume (β: -1.27% per annum per quartile, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α are associated with knee cartilage loss in older people suggesting low level inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of knee OA.
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Bellido M, Lugo L, Roman-Blas JA, Castañeda S, Caeiro JR, Dapia S, Calvo E, Largo R, Herrero-Beaumont G. Subchondral bone microstructural damage by increased remodelling aggravates experimental osteoarthritis preceded by osteoporosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2010; 12:R152. [PMID: 20678201 PMCID: PMC2945051 DOI: 10.1186/ar3103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2010] [Revised: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoporosis (OP) increases cartilage damage in a combined rabbit model of OP and osteoarthritis (OA). Accordingly, we assessed whether microstructure impairment at subchondral bone aggravates cartilage damage in this experimental model. Methods OP was induced in 20 female rabbits, by ovariectomy and intramuscular injections of methylprednisolone hemisuccinate for four weeks. Ten healthy animals were used as controls. At week 7, OA was surgically induced in left knees of all rabbits. At 22 weeks, after sacrifice, microstructure parameters were assessed by micro-computed tomography, and osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) protein expressions were evaluated by Western Blot at subchondral bone. In addition, cartilage damage was estimated using the histopathological Mankin score. Mann-Whitney and Spearman statistical tests were performed as appropriate, using SPSS software v 11.0. Significant difference was established at P < 0.05. Results Subchondral bone area/tissue area, trabecular thickness and polar moment of inertia were diminished in OPOA knees compared with control or OA knees (P < 0.05). A decrease of plate thickness, ALP expression and OPG/RANKL ratio as well as an increased fractal dimension and MMP9 expression occurred at subchondral bone of OA, OP and OPOA knees vs. controls (P < 0.05). In addition, the severity of cartilage damage was increased in OPOA knees vs. controls (P < 0.05). Remarkably, good correlations were observed between structural and remodelling parameters at subchondral bone, and furthermore, between subchondral structural parameters and cartilage Mankin score. Conclusions Microstructure impairment at subchondral bone associated with an increased remodelling aggravated cartilage damage in OA rabbits with previous OP. Our results suggest that an increased subchondral bone resorption may account for the exacerbation of cartilage damage when early OA and OP coexist simultaneously in same individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Bellido
- Service of Rheumatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Avda, Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Stannus OP, Jones G, Quinn SJ, Cicuttini FM, Dore D, Ding C. The association between leptin, interleukin-6, and hip radiographic osteoarthritis in older people: a cross-sectional study. Arthritis Res Ther 2010; 12:R95. [PMID: 20482813 PMCID: PMC2911879 DOI: 10.1186/ar3022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 12/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The associations between leptin, interleukin (IL)-6, and hip radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) have not been reported, and their roles in obesity-related hip OA are unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the associations between leptin, IL-6, and hip radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA) in older adults. Methods A cross-sectional sample of 193 randomly selected subjects (mean age, 63 years; range, 52 to 78 years; 48% female subjects) were studied. Hip ROA, including joint-space narrowing (JSN) and osteophytes, was determined by anteroposterior radiograph. Serum levels of leptin and interleukin (IL)-6 were measured with radioimmunoassay. Fat mass was measured with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were calculated. Results In multivariable analysis, hip JSN was associated with serum levels of leptin in the whole sample (β = 0.046 per μg/L, P = 0.024 for superior; β = 0.068 per μg/L, P = 0.004 for axial compartment) and IL-6 only in females (β = 0.241 per pg/ml, P = 0.002 for superior; β = 0.239 per pg/ml, P = 0.001 for axial compartment). The positive associations between body-composition measures (BMI, WHR, percentage total fat mass, and percentage trunk fat mass) and hip JSN in women became nonsignificant after adjustment for leptin but not for IL-6. No significant associations were found between leptin, IL-6, and the presence or severity of osteophytes. Conclusions This study suggests that metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms may play a role in the etiology of hip OA and that the associations between body composition and hip JSN are mediated by leptin, particularly in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver P Stannus
- Menzies Research Institute, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
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Bellucci F, Cucchi P, Catalani C, Giuliani S, Meini S, Maggi CA. Novel effects mediated by bradykinin and pharmacological characterization of bradykinin B2 receptor antagonism in human synovial fibroblasts. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 158:1996-2004. [PMID: 20050188 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00511.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Bradykinin (BK) and B2 receptors have been implicated in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA), and synovitis is one of its hallmarks. Here, the selective B2 receptor antagonists MEN16132 and icatibant have been pharmacologically characterized in human synovial cells. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Radioligand and functional studies (inositol phosphate (IP) accumulation, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 release) were performed in cultured synoviocytes. KEY RESULTS [3H]-BK saturation studies indicated receptor density (Bmax) and K(d) values of 121,550 sites per cell and 1.14 nM respectively. In synoviocytes, MEN16132 (pK(I) 8.9) was threefold more potent than icatibant (pK(I) 8.4). Both antagonists showed competitive antagonism in the BK-induced IP assay (control EC50 0.45 nM), with pK(B) values of 9.9 (MEN16132) and 8.1 (icatibant). 24h incubation with BK induced IL-6 (EC50 216 nM) and IL-8 (EC50 53 nM) release. Both MEN16132 (IL-6: pIC50 8.1; IL-8: pIC50 8.4) and icatibant (IL-6: pIC50 6.6; IL-8: pIC50 6.7) completely prevented this BK-induced release. Indomethacin did not affect the basal or the IL-6/IL-8 release induced by BK, whereas nordihydroguaiaretic acid decreased the basal release, although BK still increased IL-6 and IL-8 production. BK-induced IL-8 release was attenuated by inhibitors of phospholipase C (U73122), p38 (SB203580), JNK (SP600125), ERK 1/2 (PD98059) MAPKs, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (LY294002), NF-kappaB (BAY-117085) and by the glucocorticoid dexamethasone. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Bradykinin via B2 receptors can participate in inflammatory events in synovitis. MEN16132 is a highly potent B2 receptor antagonist capable of blocking pro-inflammatory responses to BK evoked in human synoviocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bellucci
- Department of Pharmacology, Menarini Ricerche SpA, Florence, Italy
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Prasadam I, van Gennip S, Friis T, Shi W, Crawford R, Xiao Y. ERK-1/2 and p38 in the regulation of hypertrophic changes of normal articular cartilage chondrocytes induced by osteoarthritic subchondral osteoblasts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 62:1349-60. [DOI: 10.1002/art.27397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sakao K, Takahashi KA, Arai Y, Saito M, Honjyo K, Hiraoka N, Kishida T, Mazda O, Imanishi J, Kubo T. Asporin and transforming growth factor-beta gene expression in osteoblasts from subchondral bone and osteophytes in osteoarthritis. J Orthop Sci 2009; 14:738-47. [PMID: 19997821 DOI: 10.1007/s00776-009-1401-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To clarify the significance of subchondral bone and osteophytes in the pathology of osteoarthritis (OA), we investigated the expression of asporin (ASPN), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, and runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) genes involved in bone metabolism. METHODS Osteoblasts were isolated from 19 patients diagnosed with knee OA and from 4 patients diagnosed with femoral neck fracture. Osteoblast expression of mRNA encoding ASPN, TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, and Runx2 was analyzed using real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS Expression of ASPN, TGF-beta1, and TGF-beta3 mRNA in the subchondral bone and osteophytes of OA patients increased compared with that of non-OA patients. The ratio of ASPN to TGF-beta1 mRNA in patients with severe cartilage damage was higher than that in patients with mild cartilage damage. CONCLUSIONS The increased ratio of ASPN mRNA to TGF-beta1 mRNA in patients with severe relative to mild cartilage damage indicates that increased ASPN mRNA expression was significantly associated with the severity of cartilage degeneration. This finding suggests that ASPN may regulate TGF-beta1-mediated factors in the development of OA, which may provide clues as to the underlying pathology of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Sakao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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KRAJEWSKI ANNAC, BIESSEI JANINE, KUNZE MELANIE, MAERSCH S, PERABO LUCA, NOACK MICHAELJ. Influence of lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-6 on RANKL and OPG expression and release in human periodontal ligament cells. APMIS 2009; 117:746-54. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2009.02532.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Amiable N, Tat SK, Lajeunesse D, Duval N, Pelletier JP, Martel-Pelletier J, Boileau C. Proteinase-activated receptor (PAR)-2 activation impacts bone resorptive properties of human osteoarthritic subchondral bone osteoblasts. Bone 2009; 44:1143-50. [PMID: 19264156 PMCID: PMC5250314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2009.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2008] [Revised: 02/12/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In osteoarthritis (OA), the subchondral bone undergoes a remodelling process involving several factors synthesized by osteoblasts. In this study, we investigated the expression, production, modulation, and role of PAR-2 in human OA subchondral bone osteoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS PAR-2 expression and production were determined by real-time PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. PAR-2 modulation was investigated in OA subchondral bone osteoblasts treated with IL-1 beta (100 pg/ml), TNF-alpha (5 ng/ml), TGF-beta1 (10 ng/ml), PGE(2) (500 nM), IL-6 (10 ng/ml) and IL-17 (10 ng/ml). Membranous RANKL protein was assessed by flow cytometry, and OPG, MMP-1, MMP-9, MMP-13, IL-6 and intracellular signalling pathways by specific ELISAs. Bone resorptive activity was measured by using a co-culture model of human PBMC and OA subchondral bone osteoblasts. RESULTS PAR-2 expression and production (p<0.05) were markedly increased when human OA subchondral bone osteoblasts were compared to normal. On OA osteoblasts, PAR-2 production was significantly increased by IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha and PGE(2). Activation of PAR-2 with a specific agonist, SLIGKV-NH(2), induced a significant up-regulation of MMP-1, MMP-9, IL-6, and membranous RANKL, but had no effect on MMP-13 or OPG production. Interestingly, bone resorptive activity was also significantly enhanced following PAR-2 activation. The PAR-2 effect was mediated by activation of the MAP kinases Erk1/2 and JNK. CONCLUSION This study is the first to demonstrate that PAR-2 activation plays a role in OA subchondral bone resorption via an up-regulation of major bone remodelling factors. These results shed new light on the potential of PAR-2 as a therapeutic target in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Amiable
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM), Notre-Dame Hospital, 1560 Sherbrooke Street East, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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