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Sriwattanapong K, Theerapanon T, Khamwachirapitak C, Sae-Ear P, Sa-Ard-Iam N, Shotelersuk V, Porntaveetus T. In-depth investigation of FAM20A insufficiency effects on deciduous dental pulp cells: Altered behaviours, osteogenic differentiation, and inflammatory gene expression. Int Endod J 2024; 57:745-758. [PMID: 38477421 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
AIM Loss-of-function mutations in FAM20A result in amelogenesis imperfecta IG (AI1G) or enamel-renal syndrome, characterized by hypoplastic enamel, ectopic calcification, and gingival hyperplasia, with some cases reporting spontaneous tooth infection. Despite previous reports on the consequence of FAM20A reduction in gingival fibroblasts and transcriptome analyses of AI1G pulp tissues, suggesting its involvement in mineralization and infection, its role in deciduous dental pulp cells (DDP) remains unreported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the properties of DDP obtained from an AI1G patient, providing additional insights into the effects of FAM20A on the mineralization of DDP. METHODOLOGY DDP were obtained from a FAM20A-AI1G patient (mutant cells) and three healthy individuals. Cellular behaviours were examined using flow cytometry, MTT, attachment and spreading, colony formation, and wound healing assays. Osteogenic induction was applied to DDP, followed by alizarin red S staining to assess their osteogenic differentiation. The expression of FAM20A-related genes, osteogenic genes, and inflammatory genes was analysed using real-time PCR, Western blot, and/or immunolocalization. Additionally, STRING analysis was performed to predict potential protein-protein interaction networks. RESULTS The mutant cells exhibited a significant reduction in FAM20A mRNA and protein levels, as well as proliferation, migration, attachment, and colony formation. However, normal FAM20A subcellular localization was maintained. Additionally, osteogenic/odontogenic genes, OSX, OPN, RUNX2, BSP, and DSPP, were downregulated, along with upregulated ALP. STRING analysis suggested a potential correlation between FAM20A and these osteogenic genes. After osteogenic induction, the mutant cells demonstrated reduced mineral deposition and dysregulated expression of osteogenic genes. Remarkably, FAM20A, FAM20C, RUNX2, OPN, and OSX were significantly upregulated in the mutant cells, whilst ALP, and OCN was downregulated. Furthermore, the mutant cells exhibited a significant increase in inflammatory gene expression, that is, IL-1β and TGF-β1, whereas IL-6 and NFκB1 expression was significantly reduced. CONCLUSION The reduction of FAM20A in mutant DDP is associated with various cellular deficiencies, including delayed proliferation, attachment, spreading, and migration as well as altered osteogenic and inflammatory responses. These findings provide novel insights into the biology of FAM20A in dental pulp cells and shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying AI1G pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Sriwattanapong
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanakorn Theerapanon
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chompak Khamwachirapitak
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pannagorn Sae-Ear
- Oral Biology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Noppadol Sa-Ard-Iam
- Center of Excellence in Periodontal Disease and Dental Implant, Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- International Graduate Program in Geriatric Dentistry and Special Patients Care, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Liu Q, Zhao Y, Shi H, Xiang D, Wu C, Song L, Ma N, Sun H. Long-term haplodeficency of DSPP causes temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis in mice. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:569. [PMID: 38745274 PMCID: PMC11094853 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04320-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular matrix (ECM) protein malfunction or defect may lead to temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA). Dentin sialophophoprotein (DSPP) is a mandibular condylar cartilage ECM protein, and its deletion impacted cell proliferation and other extracellular matrix alterations of postnatal condylar cartilage. However, it remains unclear if long-term loss of function of DSPP leads to TMJ OA. The study aimed to test the hypothesis that long-term haploinsufficiency of DSPP causes TMJ OA. MATERIALS AND METHODS To determine whether Dspp+/- mice exhibit TMJ OA but no severe tooth defects, mandibles of wild-type (WT), Dspp+/-, and Dspp homozygous (Dspp-/-) mice were analyzed by Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). To characterize the progression and possible mechanisms of osteoarthritic degeneration over time in Dspp+/- mice over time, condyles of Dspp+/- and WT mice were analyzed radiologically, histologically, and immunohistochemically. RESULTS Micro-CT and histomorphometric analyses revealed that Dspp+/- and Dspp-/- mice had significantly lower subchondral bone mass, bone volume fraction, bone mineral density, and trabecular thickness compared to WT mice at 12 months. Interestingly, in contrast to Dspp-/- mice which exhibited tooth loss, Dspp+/- mice had minor tooth defects. RNA sequencing data showed that haplodeficency of DSPP affects the biological process of ossification and osteoclast differentiation. Additionally, histological analysis showed that Dspp+/- mice had condylar cartilage fissures, reduced cartilage thickness, decreased articular cell numbers and severe subchondral bone cavities, and with signs that were exaggerated with age. Radiographic data showed an increase in subchondral osteoporosis up to 18 months and osteophyte formation at 21 months. Moreover, Dspp+/- mice showed increased distribution of osteoclasts in the subchondral bone and increased expression of MMP2, IL-6, FN-1, and TLR4 in the mandibular condylar cartilage. CONCLUSIONS Dspp+/- mice exhibit TMJ OA in a time-dependent manner, with lesions in the mandibular condyle attributed to hypomineralization of subchondral bone and breakdown of the mandibular condylar cartilage, accompanied by upregulation of inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yitong Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haibo Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Danwei Xiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunye Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lina Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Hongchen Sun
- Department of Oral Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Tantibhaedhyangkul W, Tantrapornpong J, Yutchawit N, Theerapanon T, Intarak N, Thaweesapphithak S, Porntaveetus T, Shotelersuk V. Dental characteristics of patients with four different types of skeletal dysplasias. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5827-5839. [PMID: 37548766 PMCID: PMC10560164 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Skeletal dysplasia (SD) comprises more than 450 separate disorders. We hypothesized that their dental features would be distinctive and investigated the tooth characteristics of four patients with different SDs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four SD patients with molecularly confirmed diagnoses, Pt-1 acromicric dysplasia, Pt-2 hypophosphatasia and hypochondroplasia, Pt-3 cleidocranial dysplasia, and Pt-4 achondroplasia, were recruited. A tooth from each patient was evaluated for mineral density (micro-computerized tomography), surface roughness (surface profilometer), microhardness, mineral contents (energy-dispersive X-ray), and ultrastructure (scanning electron microscopy and histology), and compared with three tooth-type matched controls. RESULTS Pt-1 and Pt-3 had several unerupted teeth. Pt-2 had an intact-root-exfoliated tooth at 2 years old. The lingual surfaces of the patients' teeth were significantly smoother, while their buccal surfaces were rougher, than controls, except for Pt-1's buccal surface. The patients' teeth exhibited deep grooves around the enamel prisms and rough intertubular dentin. Pt-3 demonstrated a flat dentinoenamel junction and Pt-2 had an enlarged pulp, barely detectable cementum layer, and ill-defined cemento-dentinal junction. Reduced microhardnesses in enamel, dentin, and both layers were observed in Pt-3, Pt-4, and Pt-1, respectively. Pt-1 showed reduced Ca/P ratio in dentin, while both enamel and dentin of Pt-2 and Pt-3 showed reduced Ca/P ratio. CONCLUSION Each SD has distinctive dental characteristics with changes in surface roughness, ultrastructure, and mineral composition of dental hard tissues. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this era of precision dentistry, identifying the specific potential dental problems for each patient with SD would help personalize dental management guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worasap Tantibhaedhyangkul
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Jenjira Tantrapornpong
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nuttanun Yutchawit
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanakorn Theerapanon
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Narin Intarak
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sermporn Thaweesapphithak
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Liang T, Smith CE, Hu Y, Zhang H, Zhang C, Xu Q, Lu Y, Qi L, Hu JCC, Simmer JP. Dentin defects caused by a Dspp -1 frameshift mutation are associated with the activation of autophagy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6393. [PMID: 37076504 PMCID: PMC10115861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) is primarily expressed by differentiated odontoblasts (dentin-forming cells), and transiently expressed by presecretory ameloblasts (enamel-forming cells). Disease-causing DSPP mutations predominantly fall into two categories: 5' mutations affecting targeting and trafficking, and 3' - 1 frameshift mutations converting the repetitive, hydrophilic, acidic C-terminal domain into a hydrophobic one. We characterized the dental phenotypes and investigated the pathological mechanisms of DsppP19L and Dspp-1fs mice that replicate the two categories of human DSPP mutations. In DsppP19L mice, dentin is less mineralized but contains dentinal tubules. Enamel mineral density is reduced. Intracellular accumulation and ER retention of DSPP is observed in odontoblasts and ameloblasts. In Dspp-1fs mice, a thin layer of reparative dentin lacking dentinal tubules is deposited. Odontoblasts show severe pathosis, including intracellular accumulation and ER retention of DSPP, strong ubiquitin and autophagy activity, ER-phagy, and sporadic apoptosis. Ultrastructurally, odontoblasts show extensive autophagic vacuoles, some of which contain fragmented ER. Enamel formation is comparable to wild type. These findings distinguish molecular mechanisms underlying the dental phenotypes of DsppP19L and Dspp-1fs mice and support the recently revised Shields classification of dentinogenesis imperfecta caused by DSPP mutations in humans. The Dspp-1fs mice may be valuable for the study of autophagy and ER-phagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA.
| | - Charles E Smith
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Chuhua Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave., Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Yongbo Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave., Dallas, TX, 75246, USA
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, 1000 Wall St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Jan C-C Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
| | - James P Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA
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Mack Wilson J, Bell C, Queck K, Scott K. A Review of Dentinogenesis Imperfecta and Primary Dentin Disorders in Dogs. J Vet Dent 2022; 39:376-390. [DOI: 10.1177/08987564221123419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the clinical, radiographic and histologic characteristics of dentinogenesis imperfecta diagnosed in two unrelated young dogs without evidence of concurrent osteogenesis imperfecta. The dentition was noted to have generalized coronal discoloration ranging from grey-blue to golden brown. Clinical pulp exposure, coronal wear and fractures were observed as was radiographic evidence of endodontic disease, thin dentin walls or dystrophic obliteration of the pulp canal. The enamel was severely affected by attrition and abrasion despite histologically normal areas; loss was most likely due to poor adherence or support by the underlying abnormal dentin. Histologically, permanent and deciduous teeth examined showed thin, amorphous dentin without organized dentin tubules and odontoblasts had dysplastic cell morphology. Primary dentin disorders, including dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia, have been extensively studied and genetically characterized in humans but infrequently reported in dogs. Treatment in human patients is aimed at early recognition and multi-disciplinary intervention to restore and maintain normal occlusion, aesthetics, mastication and speech. Treatment in both humans and canine patients is discussed as is the documented genetic heritability of primary dentin disorders in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cynthia Bell
- Specialty Oral Pathology for Animals, LLC, Geneseo, IL, USA
| | - Katherine Queck
- Hospital for Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Matthews, NC, USA
| | - Kristin Scott
- Hospital for Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Matthews, NC, USA
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Yan C, Li N, Xiao T, Ye X, Fu L, Ye Y, Xu T, Yu J. Extracellular vesicles from the inflammatory microenvironment regulate the osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells by miR-758-5p/LMBR1/BMP2/4 axis. J Transl Med 2022; 20:208. [PMID: 35562763 PMCID: PMC9103284 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in constructing a microenvironment that favors the differentiation of stem cells. The present work aimed to determine the molecular mechanisms by which EV derived from inflammatory dental pulp stem cell (iDPSC-EV) influence periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and provide a potential strategy for bone and dental pulp regeneration. Methods The osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, ALP staining, alizarin red S (ARS) staining, and immunofluorescence staining. To detect proliferation, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and flow cytometry analysis were used. EVs were isolated by the Exoperfect kit and ultrafiltration and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and western blot. The expression profile of miRNAs in EVs was studied using miRNA sequence and bioinformatics, and one of the upregulated miRNAs was evaluated on PDLSCs. Results The inflammatory microenvironment stimulated osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs and iDPSC-EV behaved alike on PDLSCs. MiR-758-5p was upregulated in iDPSC-EV and was demonstrated to play a significant role in the osteogenic and odontogenic commitment of PDLSCs. A dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed the binding site between miR-758-5p and limb development membrane protein 1 (LMBR1). The knockdown of LMBR1 also enhanced the above potential. Mechanically, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling was activated. Conclusions EVs from the inflammatory microenvironment enhanced the osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of PDLSCs partly by shuttering LMBR1-targeting miR-758-5p via BMP signaling. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03412-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoting Yan
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Stomatology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaying Ye
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province, Stomatological Institute, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Enamel Matrix Derivative Enhances the Odontoblastic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells via Activating MAPK Signaling Pathways. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:2236250. [PMID: 35530415 PMCID: PMC9071913 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2236250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) contributes to pulp-dentin regeneration. Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) is considered to be a critical epithelial signal to induce cell differentiation during odontogenesis and has been widely applied to clinical periodontal tissue regeneration. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of EMD on DPSCs proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation, as well as the underlying mechanisms. We conducted in vitro and in vivo researches to get a comprehensive understanding of EMD. In vitro phase: cell proliferation was assessed by a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay; then, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and staining, alizarin red staining, real-time RT-PCR, and western blot analysis were conducted to determine the odontoblastic potential and involvement of MAPK signaling pathways. In vivo phase: after ensuring the biocompatibility of VitroGel 3D-RGD via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the hydrogel mixture was subcutaneously injected into nude mice followed by histological and immunohistochemical analyses. The results revealed that EMD did not interfere with DPSCs proliferation but promoted the odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, blocking the MAPK pathways suppressed the EMD-enhanced differentiation of DPSCs. Finally, VitroGel 3D-RGD could well support the proliferation, differentiation, and regeneration of DPSCs. Overall, this study demonstrates that EMD enhances the odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs through triggering MAPK signaling pathways. The findings provide a new insight into the mechanism by which EMD affects DPSCs differentiation and proposes EMD as a promising candidate for future stem cell therapy in endodontics.
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Abstract
Non-syndromic inherited defects of tooth dentin are caused by two classes of dominant negative/gain-of-function mutations in dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP): 5' mutations affecting an N-terminal targeting sequence and 3' mutations that shift translation into the - 1 reading frame. DSPP defects cause an overlapping spectrum of phenotypes classified as dentin dysplasia type II and dentinogenesis imperfecta types II and III. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we generated a Dspp-1fs mouse model by introducing a FLAG-tag followed by a single nucleotide deletion that translated 493 extraneous amino acids before termination. Developing incisors and/or molars from this mouse and a DsppP19L mouse were characterized by morphological assessment, bSEM, nanohardness testing, histological analysis, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. DsppP19L dentin contained dentinal tubules but grew slowly and was softer and less mineralized than the wild-type. DsppP19L incisor enamel was softer than normal, while molar enamel showed reduced rod/interrod definition. Dspp-1fs dentin formation was analogous to reparative dentin: it lacked dentinal tubules, contained cellular debris, and was significantly softer and thinner than Dspp+/+ and DsppP19L dentin. The Dspp-1fs incisor enamel appeared normal and was comparable to the wild-type in hardness. We conclude that 5' and 3' Dspp mutations cause dental malformations through different pathological mechanisms and can be regarded as distinct disorders.
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9
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Liang T, Xu Q, Zhang H, Wang S, Diekwisch TGH, Qin C, Lu Y. Enamel Defects Associated With Dentin Sialophosphoprotein Mutation in Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:724098. [PMID: 34630144 PMCID: PMC8497714 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.724098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) is an extracellular matrix protein that is highly expressed in odontoblasts, but only transiently expressed in presecretory ameloblasts during tooth development. We previously generated a knockin mouse model expressing a mouse equivalent (DSPP, p.P19L) of human mutant DSPP (p.P17L; referred to as “DsppP19L/+”), and reported that DsppP19L/+ and DsppP19L/P19L mice manifested a dentin phenotype resembling human dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI). In this study, we analyzed pathogenic effects of mutant P19L-DSPP on enamel development in DsppP19L/+ and DsppP19L/P19L mice. Micro-Computed Tomography (μCT) analyses of 7-week-old mouse mandibular incisors showed that DsppP19L/P19L mice had significantly decreased enamel volume and/or enamel density at different stages of amelogenesis examined. Acid-etched scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of mouse incisors demonstrated that, at the mid-late maturation stage of amelogenesis, the enamel of wild-type mice already had apparent decussating pattern of enamel rods, whereas only minute particulates were found in DsppP19L/+ mice, and no discernible structures in DsppP19L/P19L mouse enamel. However, by the time that incisor enamel was about to erupt into oral cavity, distinct decussating enamel rods were evident in DsppP19L/+ mice, but only poorly-defined enamel rods were revealed in DsppP19L/P19L mice. Moreover, μCT analyses of the mandibular first molars showed that DsppP19L/+ and DsppP19L/P19L mice had a significant reduction in enamel volume and enamel density at the ages of 2, 3, and 24weeks after birth. Backscattered and acid-etched SEM analyses revealed that while 3-week-old DsppP19L/+ mice had similar pattern of enamel rods in the mandibular first molars as age-matched wild-type mice, no distinct enamel rods were observed in DsppP19L/P19L mice. Yet neither DsppP19L/+ nor DsppP19L/P19L mice showed well-defined enamel rods in the mandibular first molars by the age of 24weeks, as judged by backscattered and acid-etched SEM. In situ hybridization showed that DSPP mRNA level was markedly reduced in the presecretory ameloblasts, but immunohistochemistry revealed that DSP/DSPP immunostaining signals were much stronger within the presecretory ameloblasts in Dspp mutant mice than in wild-type mice. These results suggest that mutant P19L-DSPP protein caused developmental enamel defects in mice, which may be associated with intracellular retention of mutant DSPP in the presecretory ameloblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Suzhen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Thomas G H Diekwisch
- Department of Periodontics and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Chunlin Qin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Yongbo Lu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, United States
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10
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Sriwattanapong K, Sa-Ard-Iam N, Boonprakong L, Subbalekha K, Trachoo V, Suratannon N, Porntaveetus T, Shotelersuk V. Reduced ELANE and SLPI expression compromises dental pulp cell activity. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13132. [PMID: 34580954 PMCID: PMC8560611 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with ELANE variants and severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) commonly develop oral complications. Whether they are caused only by low neutrophil count or the combination of neutropenia and aberrant dental cells is unknown. Methods Genetic variant was identified with exome sequencing. Dental pulp cells isolated from the SCN patient with an ELANE mutation were investigated for gene expression, enzyme activity, proliferation, colony formation, wound healing, apoptosis, ROS, attachment, spreading and response to lipopolysaccharide. Results ELANE cells had diminished expression of ELANE and SLPI and reduced neutrophil elastase activity. Moreover, ELANE cells exhibited impaired proliferation, colony forming, migration, attachment and spreading; and significantly increased ROS formation and apoptosis, corresponding with increased Cyclin D1 and MMP2 levels. The intrinsic levels of TGF‐β1 and TNF‐α were significantly increased; however, IL‐6, IL‐8 and NF‐kB1 were significantly decreased in ELANE cells compared with those in controls. After exposure to lipopolysaccharide, ELANE cells grew larger, progressed to more advanced cell spreading stages and showed significantly increased SLPI, TNF‐α and NF‐kB1 and tremendously increased IL‐6 and IL‐8 expression, compared with controls. Conclusion This study, for the first time, suggests that in addition to neutropenia, the aberrant levels and functions of ELANE, SLPI and their downstream molecules in pulp cells play an important role in oral complications in SCN patients. In addition, pulp cells with diminished neutrophil elastase and SLPI are highly responsive to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Sriwattanapong
- Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Noppadol Sa-Ard-Iam
- Center of Excellence in Periodontal Disease and Dental Implant, Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lawan Boonprakong
- Oral Biology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Keskanya Subbalekha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorapat Trachoo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narissara Suratannon
- Pediatric Allergy & Clinical Immunology Research Unit, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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11
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Jing Z, Chen Z, Jiang Y. Effects of DSPP Gene Mutations on Periodontal Tissues. Glob Med Genet 2021; 8:90-94. [PMID: 34430959 PMCID: PMC8378919 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1726416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentin sialophosphoprotein ( DSPP ) gene mutations cause autosomal dominantly inherited diseases. DSPP gene mutations lead to abnormal expression of DSPP, resulting in a series of histological, morphological, and clinical abnormalities. A large number of previous studies demonstrated that DSPP is a dentinal-specific protein, and DSPP gene mutations lead to dentin dysplasia and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Recent studies have found that DSPP is also expressed in bone, periodontal tissues, and salivary glands. DSPP is involved in the formation of the periodontium as well as tooth structures. DSPP deficient mice present furcation involvement, cementum, and alveolar bone defect. We speculate that similar periodontal damage may occur in patients with DSPP mutations. This article reviewed the effects of DSPP gene mutations on periodontal status. However, almost all of the research is about animal study, there is no evidence that DSPP mutations cause periodontium defects in patients yet. We need to conduct systematic clinical studies on DSPP mutation families in the future to elucidate the effect of DSPP gene on human periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Jing
- Department of General Dentistry II, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of General Dentistry II, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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12
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Phenotypic features of dentinogenesis imperfecta associated with osteogenesis imperfecta and COL1A2 mutations. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 131:694-701. [PMID: 33737018 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) requires dental treatment. This study investigated the characteristics of DI teeth associated with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and COL1A2 mutations. STUDY DESIGN Whole exome and Sanger sequencing were performed. Three primary teeth (called "OIDI teeth") obtained from 3 unrelated COL1A2 patients were investigated and compared with 9 control teeth from age-matched healthy individuals using colorimetry, micro-computed tomography, Knoop microhardness, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and histology. RESULTS All patients were identified with heterozygous glycine substitutions in COL1A2. The COL1A2 mutations, c.1531G>T and c.2027G>T, were de novo, whereas c.3106G>C was inherited. OIDI1, 2, and 3 teeth had a substantial decrease in dentin microhardness and lightness. OIDI2 enamel microhardness was significantly reduced, whereas OIDI1 and 3 had enamel microhardness comparable to that of control individuals. The OIDI1 pulp cavity was large; OIDI2 was narrow; and OIDI3 was obliterated. OIDI1 and 3 had significantly higher carbon levels than those in control individuals. Numerous ectopic calcified masses, sparse and obstructed dentinal tubules, dentin holes, and collagen disorientation were observed. CONCLUSIONS OIDI teeth had reduced lightness and variable pulp morphology. Weak dentin, mineral disproportion, and abnormal ultrastructure could contribute to the brittleness of OIDI teeth and adhesive restoration failure. Here, we expand the phenotypic spectrum of COL1A2 mutations and raise awareness among dentists seeing patients with OI.
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13
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Shi C, Ma N, Zhang W, Ye J, Shi H, Xiang D, Wu C, Song L, Zhang N, Liu Q. Haploinsufficiency of Dspp Gene Causes Dentin Dysplasia Type II in Mice. Front Physiol 2020; 11:593626. [PMID: 33240110 PMCID: PMC7680915 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.593626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentin dysplasia (DD) and dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) patients have abnormal structure, morphology, and function of dentin. DD-II, DGI-II, and DGI-III are caused by heterozygous mutations in the dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene in humans. Evidences have shown that loss of function of DSPP in Dspp knockout mice leads to phenotypes similar to DGI-III, and that the abnormal dentinogenesis is associated with decreased levels of DSPP, indicating that DSPP haploinsufficiency may play a role in dentinogenesis. Thus, to testify the haploinsufficiency of Dspp, we used a Dspp heterozygous mouse model to observe the phenotypes in the teeth and the surrounding tissues. We found that Dspp heterozygous mice displayed dentin phenotypes similar to DD-II at the ages of 12 and 18 months, which was characterized by excessive attrition of the enamel at the occlusal surfaces, thicker floor dentin of the pulp chamber, decreased pulp volume, and compromised mineralization of the dentin. In addition, the periodontium was also affected, exhibiting apical proliferation of the junctional epithelium, decreased height and width of the alveolar bone, and infiltration of the inflammatory cells, leading to the destruction of the periodontium. Both the dental and periodontal phenotypes were age-dependent, which were more severe at 18 months old than those at 12 months old. Our report is the first to claim the haploinsufficiency of Dspp gene and a DD-II mouse model, which can be further used to study the molecular mechanisms of DD-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Shi
- Department of Oral Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiapeng Ye
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haibo Shi
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Danwei Xiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunyue Wu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lina Song
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qilin Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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14
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Intarak N, Budsamongkol T, Theerapanon T, Chanamuangkon T, Srijunbarl A, Boonprakong L, Porntaveetus T, Shotelersuk V. Tooth ultrastructure of a novel COL1A2 mutation expanding its genotypic and phenotypic spectra. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1257-1267. [PMID: 32989910 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate tooth ultrastructure and mutation of two patients in a family affected with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type IV and dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI). METHODS Mutations were detected by whole exome and Sanger sequencing. The permanent second molar obtained from the proband (DGI1) and the primary first molar from his affected son (DGI2) were studied for their color, roughness, mineral density, hardness, elastic modulus, mineral content, and ultrastructure, compared to the controls. RESULTS Two novel missense COL1A2 variants, c.752C > T (p.Ser251Phe) and c.758G > T (p.Gly253Val), were identified in both patients. The c.758G > T was predicted to be the causative mutation. Pulp cavities of DGI1 (permanent teeth) were obliterated while those of DGI2 (primary teeth) were wide. The patients' teeth had darker and redder colors; reduced dentin hardness; decreased, disorganized, and scattered dentinal tubules and collagen fibers; and irregular dentinoenamel junction (DEJ), compared to controls. Lacunae-like structures were present in DGI2. CONCLUSIONS We reported the novel causative mutation, c.758G > T (p.Gly253Val), in COL1A2 for OI type IV and DGI. The DGI dentin demonstrated inferior mechanical property and ultrastructure, suggesting severe disturbances of dentin formation. These could contribute to fragility and prone to infection of DGI teeth. This study expands phenotypic and genotypic spectra of COL1A2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narin Intarak
- Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thunyaporn Budsamongkol
- Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Geriatric Dentistry and Special Patients Care Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanakorn Theerapanon
- Excellence Center in Regenerative Dentistry, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Theerapat Chanamuangkon
- Biomaterial Testing Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anucharte Srijunbarl
- Dental Materials R&D Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lawan Boonprakong
- Oral Biology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
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15
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Pan Y, Lu T, Peng L, Chen Z, Li M, Zhang K, Xiong F, Wu B. Vacuolar protein sorting 4B regulates the proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells through the Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2575-2584. [PMID: 31218890 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1629950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies have revealed that a dominant mutation in vacuolar protein sorting 4B (VPS4B), a member of the AAA ATPase family, causes dentin dysplasia type I. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the roles of VPS4B in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we found that VPS4B was highly expressed in the dental pulp cells of the mouse molar tooth germ, and the expression of VPS4B increased significantly during the odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs. VPS4B downregulation inhibited the proliferation, migration, and odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs. Moreover, treatment with lithium chloride, an agonist of the Wnt-β-catenin signalling pathway, partially reversed the VPS4B knockdown-driven suppression of proliferation and of odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs. Collectively, our findings indicate that VPS4B, via Wnt-β-catenin signalling, acts as a regulator of the proliferation and differentiation of hDPSCs. Our results suggest potential therapeutic avenues for dentin formation and regenerative endodontics in patients with dentin dysplasia type I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Pan
- a Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Ting Lu
- a Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Ling Peng
- a Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhao Chen
- a Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Meiyi Li
- b Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single-Cell Technology and Application , Guangzhou , China
| | - Kaiying Zhang
- a Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Fu Xiong
- b Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single-Cell Technology and Application , Guangzhou , China
| | - Buling Wu
- a Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
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16
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Huang X, Wang F, Zhao C, Yang S, Cheng Q, Tang Y, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Luo W, Wang C, Zhou P, Kim S, Zuo G, Hu N, Li R, He TC, Zhang H. Dentinogenesis and Tooth-Alveolar Bone Complex Defects in BMP9/GDF2 Knockout Mice. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:683-694. [PMID: 30816068 PMCID: PMC6534167 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth development is regulated by sequential and reciprocal epithelium-mesenchymal interactions and their related molecular signaling pathways, such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Among the 14 types of BMPs, BMP9 (also known as growth differentiation factor 2) is one of the most potent BMPs to induce osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. The purpose of this study was to examine potential roles of BMP9 signaling in tooth development. First, we detected the expression pattern of BMP9 in tooth germ during postnatal tooth development, and we found that BMP9 was widely expressed in odontoblasts, ameloblasts, dental pulp cells, and osteoblasts in alveolar bones. Then, we established a BMP9-KO mouse model. Gross morphological examination revealed that the tooth cusps of BMP9-KO mice were significantly abraded with shorter roots. Micro-computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstruction analysis indicated that the first molars of the BMP9-KO mice exhibited a reduced thickness dentin, enlarged pulp canals, and shortened roots, resembling the phenotypes of the common hereditary dental disease dentinogenesis imperfecta. Further, the alveolar bone of the BMP9-KO mutants was found to be shorter and had a decreased mineral density and trabecular thickness and bone volume fraction compared with that of the wild-type control. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that both dentin sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein 1 were induced in dental stem cells by BMP9, whereas their expression was reduced when BMP9 was silenced. Further studies are required to determine whether loss of or decreased BMP9 expression is clinically associated with dentinogenesis imperfecta. Collectively, our results strongly suggest that BMP9 may play an important role in regulating dentinogenesis and tooth development. Further research is recommended into the therapeutic uses of BMP9 to regenerate traumatized and diseased tissues and for the bioengineering of replacement teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Huang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feilong Wang
- 2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,3 Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- 4 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,5 Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianyu Cheng
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fugui Zhang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenping Luo
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Stephanie Kim
- 6 Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Guowei Zuo
- 7 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Hu
- 4 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruidong Li
- 8 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,6 Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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17
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Shotelersuk V, Tongsima S, Pithukpakorn M, Eu‐ahsunthornwattana J, Mahasirimongkol S. Precision medicine in Thailand. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 181:245-253. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
- Excellence Center for Medical GeneticsKing Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society Bangkok Thailand
| | - Sissades Tongsima
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNational Science and Technology Development Agency Pathum Thani Thailand
| | - Manop Pithukpakorn
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of MedicineFaculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Precision MedicineFaculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Jakris Eu‐ahsunthornwattana
- Department of Community MedicineFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand
- Division of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Surakameth Mahasirimongkol
- Medical Genetics Center, Medical Life Sciences Institute, Department of Medical SciencesMinistry of Public Health Nonthaburi Thailand
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18
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Dental and Maxillofacial Signs in Leri-Weill Dyschondrosteosis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 77:762-768. [PMID: 30529377 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
One of the most common causes of short stature is a defect of the short stature homeobox-containing (SHOX) gene, which is located in pseudoautosomal region 1 on the distal end of the short arm of chromosomes Xp22.33 and Yp11.32. More than 300 different mutations in the SHOX gene responsible for short stature syndrome have been described. The phenotypic expression of SHOX haploinsufficiency is remarkably varied. The 3 typical clinical presentations, from least to most severe, are idiopathic short stature without skeletal malformations, Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis (LWD), and Langer mesomelic dysplasia, which is believed to represent the homozygous form of LWD. Despite a higher prevalence in women, suggesting the potentiating action of high estrogen levels on the effects of SHOX deficiency, the syndrome was initially believed to have an autosomal pattern of inheritance. In reality, heterozygous SHOX mutations can be transferred from the Y to the X chromosome and vice versa. This phenomenon is called "the jumping SHOX gene" and corresponds to a pseudoautosomal dominant inheritance. LWD is characterized by mesomelic short stature and Madelung deformity defined by an upward and medial displacement of the radial joint surface, which restricts range of motion. Less specific dysmorphic signs associated with LWD, such as short hands and feet, scoliosis, or muscular hypertrophy, have been described. When reviewing the dental and maxillofacial signs, only limited and summary data (micrognathia and high arched palate) have been published in the literature. This report presents a case of LWD that highlights many other noteworthy dental and maxillofacial signs that are important to clearly identify and appropriately treat.
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