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Vivan RR, Piza MMDT, Silva BDM, Maltarollo TFH, Sivieri-Araujo G, Alcalde MP, Duarte MAH, Bonfante EA, Strazzi-Sahyon HB. Biaxial flexural strength of hydrothermally aged resin-based materials. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 155:106568. [PMID: 38714003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The strength of temporary restorations plays a vital role in full-mouth reconstruction, and it can be impacted by the aging process. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the biaxial flexural strength and fractographic features of different resin-based materials submitted to thermal aging. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and ninety-two resin disc-shaped specimens (6.5 mm in diameter and 0.5 mm in thickness) were fabricated and divided into six experimental groups according to the resin-based materials (Filtek Bulk-Fill flowable resin; J-Temp temporary resin; and Fuji Lining glass ionomer cement) and aging process (before and after thermal cycling). Biaxial flexural strength test was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min before and after thermal cycling (5 °C and 55 °C, 5760 cycles, 30 s). The mechanical properties were assessed using Weibull parameters (characteristic strength and Weibull modulus) (n = 30). Fractured specimens were examined under a polarized light stereomicroscope to identify crack origin and propagation direction. The surface microstructure of the resin-based materials was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (n = 2). The Weibull modulus (m), characteristic strength, and reliability properties were calculated, and a contour plot was used to detect differences among groups (95% confidence interval). RESULTS The Weibull modulus (m), characteristic strength, and reliability of the resin-based compounds were influenced by material type and thermal aging (p < 0.05). Weibull modulus (m) revealed no differences when comparing the materials and aging process (p > 0.05), except for the preceding aging period where Filtek Bulk-Fill exhibited higher values compared to J-Temp (p < 0.05). Filtek Bulk-Fill demonstrated superior characteristic strength and reliability compared to J-Temp and Fuji Lining before and after thermal cycling (p < 0.05). Fractography of the resin-based materials showed fractures originating from surface defects exposed to tensile side and their propagation toward the compressive side. Generally, no differences in surface microstructure were observed on micrographs before and after thermal aging for Filtek Bulk-Fill and Fuji Lining. However, the aging process developed flaws in J-Temp. CONCLUSION Resin-based material composition resulted in different flexural strength performance, impacting the Weibull modulus (m), characteristic strength, and reliability of the resin-based restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ricci Vivan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Miranda de Toledo Piza
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruna de Mello Silva
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Thalya Fernanda Horsth Maltarollo
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Discipline of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Sivieri-Araujo
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Discipline of Endodontics, Araçatuba School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Murilo Priori Alcalde
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Estevam Augusto Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Henrico Badaoui Strazzi-Sahyon
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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Turanoglu OF, Talay Cevlik E, Vural C. Investigation of adhesion status of Candida species to the surface of resin materials produced at different angles with additive manufacturing. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:738. [PMID: 38937749 PMCID: PMC11209985 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the adhesion of Candida glabrata, Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis yeasts to disk-shaped resin materials produced from resin which used in the production of surgical guide with 0, 45 and 90-degrees printing orientations by Liquid Crystal Display additive manufacturing technology. METHODS Disk-shaped specimens were printed with surgical guide resin using the Liquid Crystal Display production technique in 3 printing orientations (0, 45 and 90-degrees). Surface roughness and contact angle values were evaluated. Real-Time PCR analysis was performed to evaluate Candida adhesion (C. glabrata, C. albicans, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis) Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images of the materials were obtained. RESULTS Specimens oriented at 45-degrees demonstrated higher surface roughness (P < .05) and lower contact angle values than other groups. No significant difference was found in the adhesion of C. glabrata, C. albicans, and C. parapsilosis among specimens printed at 0, 45, and 90-degrees orientations (P > .05). A higher proportion of C. krusei and C. tropicalis was found in the specimens printed at orientation degrees of 45 = 90 < 0 with statistical significance. Analyzing the adhesion of all Candida species reveals no statistical disparity among the printing orientations. CONCLUSIONS The surface roughness, contact angle, and adhesion of certain Candida species are affected by printing orientations. Hence, careful consideration of the printing orientation is crucial for fabricating products with desirable properties. In 45-degree production, roughness increases due to the layered production forming steps, whereas in 0-degree production, certain Candida species exhibit high adhesion due to the formation of porous structures. Consequently, considering these factors, it is advisable to opt for production at 90-degrees, while also considering other anticipated characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer F Turanoglu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Efeler, 09100, Turkey
| | - Esra Talay Cevlik
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Efeler, 09100, Turkey.
| | - Caner Vural
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Science, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Pamukkale, 20160, Turkey
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Ozer NE, Sahin Z, Yikici C, Duyan S, Kilicarslan MA. Bacterial adhesion to composite resins produced by additive and subtractive manufacturing. Odontology 2024; 112:460-471. [PMID: 37819468 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00862-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness and contact angle of composite resins produced by CAD/CAM milling and three-dimensional (3D) printing for permanent restorations as well as the adhesion of S. mutans and S. sanguinis bacteria to these composites. Three CAD/CAM milling composite resins (Vita Enamic-VE, Cerasmart-CE, Lava Ultimate-LU) and three 3D printing resins (Varseo Smile Crown plus-VSC, Saremco print Crowntech-SPC, Formlabs 3B Permanent crown-FLP) were selected. Twenty samples were prepared for each group. Using a contact profilometer, the surface roughness was determined, and an optical goniometer was used to quantify the contact angle. To evaluate the bacterial adhesion, composite specimens were immersed in mucin containing artificial saliva. All samples were incubated for 24 h at 37°C in 5% CO2. CFUs were determined by counting colonies after the incubation period. Surface roughness values of test samples were the highest in the Group VSC [0.46 (0.14) µm], whereas the lowest values were found in the Group LU [0.23 (0.05) µm]. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in contact angle values (p > 0.05). The S. mutans adhesion extent on the Group SPC was statistically higher compared to all other materials with p < 0.05. For S. sanguinis, the lowest bacterial adhesion value was recorded in Group CE (3.00 × 104 CFU/ml) and statistically significant differences were found with Group VE and VSC (p < 0.05). Different digital manufacturing techniques and material compositions can affect the surface roughnesses of composite resins. All composite resin samples have hydrophobic characteristics. Microbial adhesion of the tested composite resins may be varied depending on the bacterial species. S. mutans showed much more adhesion to these materials than S. sanguinis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazire Esra Ozer
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Lokman Hekim University, Söğütözü. 2179 St., 06510, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Zeynep Sahin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Lokman Hekim University, Söğütözü. 2179 St., 06510, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cansu Yikici
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Lokman Hekim University, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serhat Duyan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Kilicarslan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey
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Prause E, Malgaj T, Kocjan A, Beuer F, Hey J, Jevnikar P, Schmidt F. Mechanical properties of 3D-printed and milled composite resins for definitive restorations: An in vitro comparison of initial strength and fatigue behavior. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:391-401. [PMID: 37680013 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the flexural strength and fatigue behavior of a novel 3D-printed composite resin for definitive restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty disc-shaped specimens were manufactured from each of a nanohybrid composite resin (NHC), polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN), and 3D-printed composite resin (3D) with CAD-CAM technology. Biaxial flexural strength (σin ) (n = 30 per group) and biaxial flexural fatigue strength (σff ) (n = 20 per group) were measured using piston-on-three-balls method, employing a staircase approach of 105 cycles. Weibull statistics, relative-strength degradation calculations, and fractography were performed. The results were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA and Games-Howell post hoc test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Significant differences in σin and σff among the groups (p < 0.001) were detected. The NHC group provided the highest mean ± standard deviation σin and σff (237.3 ± 31.6 MPa and 141.3 ± 3.8 MPa), followed by the PICN (140.3 ± 12.9 MPa and 73.5 ± 9.9 MPa) and the 3D (83.6 ± 18.5 MPa and 37.4 ± 23.8 MPa) groups. The 3D group exhibited significantly lower Weibull modulus (m = 4.7) and up to 15% higher relative strength degradation with areas of nonhomogeneous microstructure as possible fracture origins. CONCLUSIONS The 3D-printed composite resin exhibited the lowest mechanical properties, where areas of nonhomogeneous microstructure developed during the mixing procedure served as potential fracture origins. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The clinical indications of the investigated novel 3D-printed composite resin should be limited to long-term provisional restorations. A cautious procedure for mixing the components is crucial before the 3D-printing process, since nonhomogeneous areas developed during the mixing could act as fracture origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Prause
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tine Malgaj
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andraž Kocjan
- Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Florian Beuer
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeremias Hey
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany
| | - Peter Jevnikar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Franziska Schmidt
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Prause E, Hannak WB, Nicic R, Jakstat HA, Böning K, Klinke T. Visual Versus Digital Color Determination of 3D-Printed Teeth as an Exercise in Dental Students' Education. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:24. [PMID: 38392228 PMCID: PMC10888070 DOI: 10.3390/dj12020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Visual color determination is part of the daily routine in dental practice. However, it is not a part of dental education so far. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether visual or digital tooth color determination of 3D-printed teeth is a reliable tool for inexperienced dentistry students. Preclinical dental students evaluated eleven 3D-printed, tooth-shaped samples (VarseoSmile Crown plus, BEGO, Bremen, Germany) of different color shades. Visual shade determination using a reference scale (3D-Master Toothguide (3DM_TG), VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany), followed by a digital color determination using a spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade V, (ES_V), VITA Zahnfabrik), was performed. Color deviation was calculated in the Lab* color space (ΔE00) and converted into CIELAB 2000. The results were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test (α = 0.05). Significant differences between visual and digital color determination were proven (p < 0.001). Visual color determination (3DM_TG) showed a mean deviation (ΔE00 ± 95%CI) of 6.49 ± 0.47. Digital color determination (ES_V) showed significantly lower mean deviations of ΔE00 of 1.44 ± 0.58. Digital tooth color measurement using a spectrophotometer was a more reliable tool for the color determination of 3D-printed teeth for inexperienced dentistry students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Prause
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang B Hannak
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Nicic
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger A Jakstat
- Department of Prosthodontics and Material Science, University of Leipzig, 20251 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus Böning
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Klinke
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Dental Materials, Center of Oral Health, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
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Saini RS, Gurumurthy V, Quadri SA, Bavabeedu SS, Abdelaziz KM, Okshah A, Alshadidi AAF, Yessayan L, Mosaddad SA, Heboyan A. The flexural strength of 3D-printed provisional restorations fabricated with different resins: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:66. [PMID: 38200473 PMCID: PMC10782672 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has revolutionized dentistry, particularly in fabricating provisional restorations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to thoroughly evaluate the flexural strength of provisional restorations produced using 3D printing while considering the impact of different resin materials. METHODS A systematic search was conducted across major databases (ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, and Scopus) to identify relevant studies published to date. The inclusion criteria included studies evaluating the flexural strength of 3D-printed provisional restorations using different resins. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed using the CONSORT scale, and a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 to pool results. RESULTS Of the 1914 initially identified research articles, only 13, published between January 2016 and November 2023, were included after screening. Notably, Digital Light Processing (DLP) has emerged as the predominant 3D printing technique, while stereolithography (SLA), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), and mono-liquid crystal displays (LCD) have also been recognized. Various printed resins have been utilized in different techniques, including acrylic, composite resins, and methacrylate oligomer-based materials. Regarding flexural strength, polymerization played a pivotal role for resins used in 3D or conventional/milled resins, revealing significant variations in the study. For instance, SLA-3D and DLP Acrylate photopolymers displayed distinct strengths, along with DLP bisacrylic, milled PMMA, and conventional PMMA. The subsequent meta-analysis indicated a significant difference in flexure strength, with a pooled Mean Difference (MD) of - 1.25 (95% CI - 16.98 - 14.47; P < 0.00001) and a high I2 value of 99%, highlighting substantial heterogeneity among the studies. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a comprehensive overview of the flexural strength of 3D-printed provisional restorations fabricated using different resins. However, further research is recommended to explore additional factors influencing flexural strength and refine the recommendations for enhancing the performance of 3D-printed provisional restorations in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder S Saini
- Department of Dental Technology, COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Shashit Shetty Bavabeedu
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Abdelaziz
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed Okshah
- Department of Dental Technology, COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Lazar Yessayan
- Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Seyed Ali Mosaddad
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Artak Heboyan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia.
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Tahmawy YA, Mohamed FS, Elfeki S, Abd-Ellah ME. Microbiological evaluation of conjunctival anopthalmic flora after using digital 3D-printed ocular prosthesis compared to conventional one: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:1012. [PMID: 38110937 PMCID: PMC10729395 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03746-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to assess the influence of using 3D-printed acrylic resin versus conventional Poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) for fabricating ocular prostheses on the biofilm and microbial flora of anophthalmic socket. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was designed as a parallel group study. Participants were allocated randomly into two groups: the control group, which received conventionally fabricated ocular prostheses (CG, n = 11), and the test group, which received digitally 3D-printed ocular prostheses (DG, n = 11). Microbiological analysis was conducted before prosthesis insertion and three months after using the ocular prosthesis. Swab samples were inoculated on blood agar, MacConkey's agar, and Sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA) for isolating Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and fungal organisms, respectively. Subsequently, the plates were incubated at 37 degrees Celsius for 48 h. Additionally, a validated questionnaire was used for subjective clinical evaluation, including parameters such as comfort level, socket discharge, lacrimation, and frequency of lubrication for each ocular prosthesis patient in both groups. RESULTS Test group (DG, n = 11) exhibited a positive, though statistically insignificant, difference (p > 0.001) in microbial growth when compared to the control group (CG, n = 11). A statistically significant difference was observed in comfort levels between the two groups, with more comfort level within group II (test group) patients. While parameters such as discharge amount, discharge location, lacrimation and lubrication frequency displayed statistically insignificant differences between the two groups, all parameters showed improved results after three months of prosthesis use. CONCLUSIONS The choice of ocular prosthesis fabrication technique did not yield a statistically significant difference in anophthalmic flora. However, the 3D-printed acrylic resin, as an artificial eye material, displayed potential advantages in reducing the colonization of opportunistic pathogens. All subjective clinical evaluation parameters exhibited enhanced outcomes after three months of prosthesis use, emphasizing the need for an adaptation period during which patients complains are alleviated. In comparison with PMMA, 3D-printed acrylic resin showcased a certain degree of anti-colonization ability against pathogenic bacteria, along with a significant level of patient comfort, suggesting its potential as a promising material for ocular prostheses. TRIAL REGISTRATION This parallel double-blinded RCT has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with identification number: NCT05584865, 18/10/2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassmin A Tahmawy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, Azarita, Alexandria, 002034868066, Egypt.
| | - Faten S Mohamed
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, Azarita, Alexandria, 002034868066, Egypt
| | - Suzan Elfeki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mervat E Abd-Ellah
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, Azarita, Alexandria, 002034868066, Egypt
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Shenoy A, Maiti S, Nallaswamy D, Keskar V. An in vitro comparison of the marginal fit of provisional crowns using the virtual tooth preparation workflow against the traditional technique. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2023; 23:391-397. [PMID: 37861617 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_273_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This study investigates the effectiveness of an innovative virtual tooth preparation workflow for the fabrication of dental crowns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral scanners (IOSs) with conventional workflow using extraoral/laboratory scanners. Settings and Design This in vitro experimental study was conducted in the laboratory of a university in Chennai, India. The dental laboratory and research facilities at the institution were utilized for the fabrication of the temporary crowns and the data acquisition process. Materials and Methods Institutional approval was obtained from the university. It was basically a comparison between the virtual prep technique using CBCT and IOS and the conventional digital technique using extra oral scanners (EOS) for temporary crown fabrication. The sample size was estimated using an effect size of 1.5004, assuming a normal distribution, a significance level of 0.05, and a power of 0.95 in G power software. Based on this calculation, an extracted second lower molar was used to fabricate 10 samples in each group. The samples were divided into three groups: the CBCT (Group 1), the IOS (Group 2), and laboratory scanner (Group 3 as control) groups. The vertical marginal gap of all the surfaces of the crown was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. Statistical Analysis Used Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA using the SPSS software version 26.0, IBM, Armonk, NY, USA. Results Acceptable marginal discrepancy values were obtained in all three groups. There was no significant difference in the marginal discrepancy recorded (P = 0.113). Conclusion Virtual tooth preparation using CBCT and IOSs can be used as an alternative to the conventional workflow for provisional crown and bridge fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrutha Shenoy
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepak Nallaswamy
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Varun Keskar
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Raffaini JC, Soares EJ, Oliveira RFDL, Vivanco RG, Amorim AA, Pereira ALC, Pires-de-Souza FCP. Effect of artificial aging on mechanical and physical properties of CAD-CAM PMMA resins for occlusal splints. J Adv Prosthodont 2023; 15:227-237. [PMID: 37936836 PMCID: PMC10625884 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2023.15.5.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess and compare the color stability, flexural strength (FS), and surface roughness of occlusal splints fabricated from heat-cured acrylic resin, milled polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based resin, and 3D-printed (PMMA) based-resin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples of each type of resin were obtained, and baseline measurements of color and surface roughness were recorded. The specimens were divided into three groups (n = 10) and subjected to distinct aging protocols: thermomechanical cycling (TMC), simulated brushing (SB), and control (without aging). Final assessments of color and surface roughness and three-point bending test (ODM100; Odeme) were conducted, and data were statistically analyzed (2-way ANOVA, Tukey, P <.05). RESULTS Across all resin types, the most significant increase in surface roughness (Ra) was observed after TMC (P < .05), with the 3D-printed resin exhibiting the lowest Ra (P < .05). After brushing, milled resin displayed the highest Ra (P < .05) and greater color alteration (ΔE00) compared to 3D-printed resin. The most substantial ΔE00 was recorded after brushing for all resins, except for heat-cured resin subjected to TMC. Regardless of aging, milled resin exhibited the highest FS (P < .05), except when compared to 3D-printed resin subjected to TMC. Heat-cured resin exposed to TMC demonstrated the lowest FS, different (P < .05) from the control. Under control conditions, milled resin exhibited the highest FS, different (P < .05) from the brushed group. 3D-printed resin subjected to TMC displayed the highest FS (P < .05). CONCLUSION Among the tested resins, 3D-printed resin demonstrated superior longevity, characterized by minimal surface roughness and color alterations. Aging had a negligible impact on its mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Correa Raffaini
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Jose Soares
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Franco de Lima Oliveira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rocio Geng Vivanco
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ayodele Alves Amorim
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry - University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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