1
|
Bakken V, Lydersen S, Skokauskas N, Sund AM, Kaasbøll J. Protective factors for suicidal ideation: a prospective study from adolescence to adulthood. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02379-w. [PMID: 38356041 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02379-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Adolescent suicidality is associated with negative outcomes in adulthood. Suicide prevention has traditionally focused on identifying risk factors, yet suicide rates have remained stable. With suicidality often going undetected-especially suicidal ideation, further knowledge about protective factors is needed. The main objective of this study was to investigate potential protective factors for suicidal ideation from adolescence to adulthood. The study employed longitudinal population survey data, "Youth and Mental Health Study" consisting of self-reports at two-time points (mean age 14.9, SD = 0.6 and 27.2, SD = 0.6) (n = 2423 and n = 1198). Protective factors (at individual, social and environmental level) were selected based on a priori knowledge. Internal consistency of scales was analyzed using McDonald's omega. We used a linear mixed model with suicidal ideation as the dependent variable, time-points, a protective factor variable and their interaction as covariates, and individual participant as random effects. We adjusted for sex and also conducted separate analyses for males and females. The Benjamini-Hochberg procedure was used to adjust p-values for multiple hypotheses. Investigated protective factors were associated with temporal change in suicidal ideation (significant interactions). For both sexes, less emotion-orientated coping, higher self-perception scores, greater levels of physical activity and higher school wellbeing/connectedness were protective factors for suicidal ideations. Secure attachment and higher family function were protective factors for females only. The effects in adolescence were mostly maintained in adulthood. In this study, several protective factors for suicidal ideation persisted into adulthood, with distinct differences between males and females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Bakken
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Stian Lydersen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Norbert Skokauskas
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anne Mari Sund
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jannike Kaasbøll
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bottesi G. Why we should focus more attention on uncertainty distress and intolerance of uncertainty in adolescents and emerging adults. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023:10.1007/s00787-023-02343-0. [PMID: 38055055 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Sivertsen et al. (2023) showed that adolescents endorsing high levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms are at risk of increased mental health problems during emerging adulthood and suggested the existence of both homotypic and heterotypic continuities of mental disorders over time. Since adolescence and emerging adulthood are transition periods highly intertwined with uncertainty, the present perspective contextualizes the findings by Sivertsen et al. (2023) in relation to the extant literature on intolerance of uncertainty and the recently developed Uncertainty Distress Model. Moreover, it claims for further research addressing the way adolescents and emerging adults process and deal with uncertainty. Indeed, focusing more attention on the implications of trans-situational and trans-diagnostic constructs such as uncertainty distress and intolerance of uncertainty in these life stages may hold great promise to design and implement effective mental health prevention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gioia Bottesi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131, Padua, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Misztal MC, Tio ES, Mohan A, Felsky D. Interactions between genetic risk for 21 neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders and sport activity on youth mental health. Psychiatry Res 2023; 330:115550. [PMID: 37973444 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Childhood is a sensitive period where behavioral disturbances, determined by genetics and environmental factors including sport activity, may emerge and impact risk of mental illness in adulthood. We aimed to determine if participation in sports can mitigate genetic risk for neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in youth. We analyzed 4975 unrelated European youth (ages 9-10) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study. Our outcomes were eight Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) scores, measured annually. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were calculated for 21 disorders, and sport frequency and type were summarized. PRSs and sport variables were tested for main effects and interactions against CBCL outcomes using linear models. Cross-sectionally, PRSs for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and major depressive disorder were associated with increases in multiple CBCL outcomes. Participation in non-contact or team sports, as well as more frequent sport participation reduced all cross-sectional CBCL outcomes, whereas involvement in contact sports increased attention problems and rule-breaking behavior. Interactions revealed that more frequent exercise was significantly associated with less rule breaking behavior in individuals with high genetic risk for obsessive compulsive disorder. Associations with longitudinal CBCL outcomes demonstrated weaker effects. We highlight the importance of genetic context when considering sports as an intervention for early life behavioural problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa C Misztal
- The Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Earvin S Tio
- The Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Akshay Mohan
- The Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Industrial Relations and Human Resources, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Felsky
- The Krembil Centre for Neuroinformatics, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
McLaughlin S, Staniland L, Egan SJ, Wheadon J, Munro C, Preece D, Furlong Y, Mavaddat N, Thompson A, Robinson S, Chen W, Myers B. Interventions to reduce wait times for adolescents seeking mental health services: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073438. [PMID: 37678945 PMCID: PMC10496663 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The demand for adolescent mental health services has increased significantly in recent years, leading to excessive wait times for adolescents seeking mental health services and poor mental health outcomes. Timely access to mental health services is critical to reducing the risk of symptom chronicity and progression to mental disorder. A better understanding of whether and how interventions to reduce wait times impact mental health outcomes is needed to guide mental health policymakers and service planners in their approach to reducing wait times. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The scoping review will use Arksey and O'Malley's six-stage framework for scoping reviews and Rayyan to support screening, data extraction and evidence synthesis. The review will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. We will search the Cochrane Library, EBSCOhost, MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycArticles (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), Web of Science, ProQuest and Scopus databases for peer-reviewed texts published in English between 1 January 2000 and 28 February 2023. We will also search Google Scholar for additional grey literature. To be eligible for inclusion, studies must focus on adolescent populations aged 13-18 years and report on interventions to reduce wait times for any mental health service except crisis and emergency services. Title, abstract and full-text screening will be done by two reviewers. We will extract data describing the interventions and their effects on wait times and adolescent mental health outcomes, and we will identify strengths and limitations in the evidence base to inform recommendations for future research. A youth advisory group with lived experience of mental health difficulties will be consulted throughout the review process. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval is not required. Findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and presented at conferences. STUDY REGISTRATION The protocol was registered with the Open Science Framework on 20 February 2023 (https://osf.io/qt4zy).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stella McLaughlin
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lexy Staniland
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah J Egan
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jessica Wheadon
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caitlin Munro
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David Preece
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Yulia Furlong
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nahal Mavaddat
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alexander Thompson
- Western Australia Country Health Service, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Suzanne Robinson
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Health Economics Unit, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wai Chen
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Youth Mental Health and Developmental Neuropsychiatry, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bronwyn Myers
- Curtin enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Mental Health, Alcohol, Substance Use and Tobacco Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|