1
|
de Souza Lopes L, da Silva JS, da luz JMR, de Cássia Soares da Silva M, Lima HS, Rocha GC, Mantovani HC, Kasuya MCM. Intestinal microbial diversity of swines fed with different sources of lithium. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:102. [PMID: 38464613 PMCID: PMC10917731 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A drug that is widely used in the treatment of psychiatric disorder is lithium (Li) salts. The people who make therapeutic use of this drug develop a series of side effects. Through metataxonomic data, this study assessed the impacts of lithium, as Li carbonate or Li-enriched mushrooms, on the microbial composition of the ileum, colon, and feces of piglets. Employing Bray-Curtis metric, no differences were observed among the treatments evaluated. Nevertheless, the alpha diversity indices showed differences in the Simpson, Shannon, and Chao-1 indices in the colon and Chao-1 in the feces in the diets with Li compared with the diets without Li. The taxa with the highest relative abundance varied among the ileum, colon, and feces, with a predominance of the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Proteobacteria in diets with Li. Many groups of microorganisms that are important for the health of the host (e.g., Lactobacillus, Ruminococcaceae, Enterorhabdus, Muribaculaceae, and Coprococcus) had their relative abundance increased in animals that received diets with the recommended dose of lithium. Furthermore, there was an increase in the abundance of Prevotellaceae and Bacteroidales (in the diet with Li-enriched mushroom) and Clostridia, Ruminococcus, Burkholderia, and Bacteroidales (diets with Li carbonate) at the recommended dosages. This is the first study to show the effects of Li carbonate and Li-enriched mushrooms on the intestinal microbiota of piglets. Thus, the effects of lithium on the body may be related to its ability to change the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-03938-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro de Souza Lopes
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, S/N, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000 Brazil
| | - Juliana Soares da Silva
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, S/N, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000 Brazil
| | - José Maria Rodrigues da luz
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, S/N, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000 Brazil
| | - Marliane de Cássia Soares da Silva
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, S/N, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000 Brazil
| | - Helena Santiago Lima
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, S/N, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000 Brazil
| | - Gabriel Cipriano Rocha
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, S/N, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Hilário Cuquetto Mantovani
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, S/N, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000 Brazil
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Maria Catarina Megumi Kasuya
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, S/N, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Timkina E, Kulišová M, Palyzová A, Marešová H, Maťátková O, Řezanka T, Kolouchová IJ. Isolation and characterization of multiple-stress tolerant bacteria from radon springs. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299532. [PMID: 38451953 PMCID: PMC10919644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Radon springs, characterized by their high concentrations of radon gas (Rn222), are extreme environments with unique physicochemical conditions distinct from conventional aquatic ecosystems. Our research aimed to investigate microbial life in radon springs, focusing on isolating extremophilic bacteria and assessing their resistance to adverse conditions. Our study revealed the prevalence of Actinomycetia species in the radon spring environment. We conducted various tests to evaluate the resistance of these isolates to oxidative stress, irradiation, desiccation, and metal ion content. These extremophilic bacteria showed overall higher resistance to these stresses compared to control strains. Lipidomic analysis was also employed to provide insights into the adaptive mechanisms of these bacteria which were found mainly in the correlations among individual clusters and changes in content of fatty acids (FA) as well as differences between content and type of FAs of environmental isolates and type strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Timkina
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Kulišová
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Palyzová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Marešová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Maťátková
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Řezanka
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gamit HA, Amaresan N. Methylobacterium spp. mitigation of UV stress in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:2839-2850. [PMID: 37838625 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00490-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Methylotrophs are a diverse group of bacteria that abundantly colonize the phyllosphere and have great potential to withstand UV irradiation because of their pigmented nature and ability to promote plant growth through various mechanisms. The present study investigated the effects of UVB radiation on plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties of methylotrophic bacteria and the growth of Vigna radiata L. A total of 55 methylotrophic bacteria were isolated from desert plants, and 15 methylotrophs were resistant to UVB radiation for 4 h. All UVB-resistant methylotrophs possess a methyldehydrogenase gene. Identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that all 15 UVB-resistant methylotrophs belonged to the genera Methylorubrum (07), Methylobacterium (07), and Rhodococcus (01). Screening of methylotrophs for PGP activity in the presence and absence of UVB radiation revealed that all isolates showed ACC deaminase activity and growth on a nitrogen-free medium. Furthermore, the production of IAA-like substances ranged from 8.62 to 85.76 µg/mL, siderophore production increased from 3.47 to 65.75% compared to the control. Seed germination assay with V. radiata L. (mung bean) exposed to UVB radiation revealed that methylotrophs improved seed germination, root length, and shoot length compared to the control. The present findings revealed that the isolates SD3, SD2, KD1, KD5, UK1, and UK3 reduced the deleterious effects of UVB radiation on mung bean plants and can be used to protect seedlings from UVB radiation for sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harshida A Gamit
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli, Surat, 394 350, Gujarat, India
| | - Natarajan Amaresan
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli, Surat, 394 350, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pfefferle K, Averhoff B. Wax Ester and Triacylglycerol Production in Acinetobacter baumannii: Role in Osmostress Protection, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Antibiotic Sensitivity. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:2093-2104. [PMID: 37883671 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Wax esters (WEs) are neutral lipids that are produced by many different bacteria as potential carbon and energy storage compounds. Comparatively little is known about the role of WE in pathogenic bacteria. The opportunistic pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. Salt and desiccation resistance foster A. baumannii infections such as urinary tract infections and allow for reinfection when bacteria are taken up from dry surfaces in the hospital environment. Here we report on WE and triacylglycerol (TAG) production in A. baumannii as a response to nitrogen limitation and high salt stress. Fatty acids and fatty alcohols with chain lengths of C16 and C18 were identified as the most prominent WE constituents. We identified the terminal key enzyme of WE biosynthesis, the bifunctional wax ester synthase/acylCoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (WS/DGAT) encoded by the wax/dgat gene, and demonstrated that transcription of wax/dgat and production of WS/DGAT are independent of the nitrogen concentration. A Δwax/dgat mutant was impaired in growth in the presence of high salt concentration and was more sensitive to imipenem and reactive oxygen species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Pfefferle
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Beate Averhoff
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ma J, Zhuang Y, Wang Y, Zhu N, Wang T, Xiao H, Chen J. Update on new trend and progress of the mechanism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation by Rhodococcus, based on the new understanding of relevant theories: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93345-93362. [PMID: 37548784 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28894-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Rapid industrial and societal developments have led to substantial increases in the use and exploitation of petroleum, and petroleum hydrocarbon pollution has become a serious threat to human health and the environment. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are primary components of petroleum hydrocarbons. In recent years, microbial remediation of PAHs pollution has been regarded as the most promising and cost-effective treatment measure because of its low cost, robust efficacy, and lack of secondary pollution. Rhodococcus bacteria are regarded as one of main microorganisms that can effectively degrade PAHs because of their wide distribution, broad degradation spectrum, and network-like evolution of degradation gene clusters. In this review, we focus on the biological characteristics of Rhodococcus; current trends in PAHs degradation based on knowledge maps; and the cellular structural, biochemical, and enzymatic basis of degradation mechanisms, along with whole genome and transcriptional regulation. These research advances provide clues for the prospects of Rhodococcus-based applications in environmental protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinglin Ma
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Hongbin Xiao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Jixiang Chen
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gorriti MF, Bamann C, Alonso-Reyes DG, Wood P, Bamberg E, Farías ME, Gärtner W, Albarracín VH. Functional characterization of xanthorhodopsin in Salinivibrio socompensis, a novel halophile isolated from modern stromatolites. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:1809-1823. [PMID: 37036621 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
A putative xanthorhodopsin-encoding gene, XR34, was found in the genome of the moderately halophilic gammaproteobacterium Salinivibrio socompensis S34, isolated from modern stromatolites found on the shore of Laguna Socompa (3570 m), Argentina Puna. XR-encoding genes were clustered together with genes encoding X-carotene, retinal (vitamin-A aldehyde), and carotenoid biosynthesis enzymes while the carotene ketolase gene critical for the salinixanthin antenna compound was absent. To identify its functional behavior, we herein overexpressed and characterized this intriguing microbial rhodopsin. Recombinant XR34 showed all the salient features of canonical microbial rhodopsin and covalently bound retinal as a functional chromophore with λmax = 561 nm (εmax ca. 60,000 M-1 cm-1). Two canonical counterions with pK values of around 6 and 3 were identified by pH titration of the recombinant protein. With a recovery time of approximately half an hour in the dark, XR34 shows light-dark adaptation shifting the absorption maximum from 551 to 561 nm. Laser-flash induced photochemistry at pH 9 (deprotonated primary counterion) identified a photocycle starting with a K-like intermediate, followed by an M-state (λmax ca. 400 nm, deprotonated Schiff base), and a final long wavelength-absorbing N- or O-like intermediate before returning to the parental 561 nm-state. Initiating the photocycle at pH 5 (protonated counterion) yields only bathochromic intermediates, due to the lacking capacity of the counterion to accept the Schiff base proton. Illumination of the membrane-embedded protein yielded a capacitive transport current. The presence of the M-intermediate under these conditions was demonstrated by a blue light-induced shunt process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta F Gorriti
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA), Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT, CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, San Miguel de Tucumán, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Christian Bamann
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Straße 3, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany
| | - Daniel Gonzalo Alonso-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME, CONICET, UNT) CCT, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Zootecnia y Veterinaria, Finca El Manantial, UNT, Camino de Sirga s/n (4107), Yerba Buena, Tucumán, Argentina
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Phillip Wood
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Straße 3, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany
| | - Ernst Bamberg
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Straße 3, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany
| | - María Eugenia Farías
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA), Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT, CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, San Miguel de Tucumán, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Wolfgang Gärtner
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Virginia Helena Albarracín
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME, CONICET, UNT) CCT, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Zootecnia y Veterinaria, Finca El Manantial, UNT, Camino de Sirga s/n (4107), Yerba Buena, Tucumán, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Miguel Lillo 205, San Miguel de Tucumán, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina.
- Facultad de Agronomía, Zootecnia y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Centro Universitario Ing. R. Herrera (Ex Quinta Agronómica), Avda. Pte. N. Kirchner 1900., San Miguel de Tucumán, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nikitina EP, Buyantueva LB, Abidueva EY, Sun CH. Taxonomic and ecophysiological characteristics of actinobacteria in soils of the dry steppe zone of the Selenga Highlands (Western Transbaikalia). Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2023; 27:411-420. [PMID: 37465188 PMCID: PMC10350862 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-23-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Arid habitats have recently attracted increasing attention in terms of biodiversity research and the discovery of new bacterial species. These habitats are among the target ecosystems suitable for isolating new strains of actinobacteria that are likely to produce new metabolites. This paper presents the results on the isolation of actinobacteria from soils of the dry steppe zone of the Selenga Highlands, the characterization of their taxonomic diversity, as well as ecological and trophic properties. The bacterial counts on ISP 4 medium ranged from 6.6 × 105 to 7.1 × 106 CFU/g. The highest bacterial counts were observed in the subsurface and middle horizons of the studied soils. 28 strains of Gram-positive bacteria represented by thin-branched mycelium, coccoid and bacilliform forms were isolated. According to the results of 16S rRNA gene analysis, the isolated strains were representatives of Streptomyces, Arthrobacter, Glycomyces, Kocuria, Microbacterium, Micromonospora, Nocardioides, Pseudarthrobacter, and Rhodococcus (Actinomycetota). One isolate that showed low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with previously isolated and validly described species was a new species of the genus Glycomyces. It was shown that all tested strains are mesophilic, prefer neutral or slightly alkaline conditions, have growth limits in the temperature range of 5-45 °C and pH 6-9. The optimal NaCl concentration for growth of most strains was 0-1 %. The strains under study were capable of utilizing a wide range of mono- and disaccharides and polyatomic alcohols as a carbon source. The isolated strains were capable of using both organic (proteins and amino acids) and inorganic (ammonium salts and nitrates) compounds as nitrogen sources. The examinations of extracellular enzymes showed that all isolates were capable of producing catalase and amylase; 78.6 % of the total number of isolates produced protease and lipase; 53.6 %, cellulase; and 28.6 %, urease. The data obtained expand current knowledge about the diversity of microbial communities in soils of the Selenga Highlands and also confirm the potential of searching for new actinobacteria species in these soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E P Nikitina
- Baikal Institute of Nature Management of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude, Russia Banzarov Buryat State University, Ulan-Ude, Russia
| | | | - E Yu Abidueva
- Institute of General and Experimental Biology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude, Russia
| | - C H Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fawaz R, Bingham C, Nayebi H, Chiou J, Gilbert L, Park SH, Geiger JH. The Structure of Maltooctaose-Bound Escherichia coli Branching Enzyme Suggests a Mechanism for Donor Chain Specificity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114377. [PMID: 37298853 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen is the primary storage polysaccharide in bacteria and animals. It is a glucose polymer linked by α-1,4 glucose linkages and branched via α-1,6-linkages, with the latter reaction catalyzed by branching enzymes. Both the length and dispensation of these branches are critical in defining the structure, density, and relative bioavailability of the storage polysaccharide. Key to this is the specificity of branching enzymes because they define branch length. Herein, we report the crystal structure of the maltooctaose-bound branching enzyme from the enterobacteria E. coli. The structure identifies three new malto-oligosaccharide binding sites and confirms oligosaccharide binding in seven others, bringing the total number of oligosaccharide binding sites to twelve. In addition, the structure shows distinctly different binding in previously identified site I, with a substantially longer glucan chain ordered in the binding site. Using the donor oligosaccharide chain-bound Cyanothece branching enzyme structure as a guide, binding site I was identified as the likely binding surface for the extended donor chains that the E. coli branching enzyme is known to transfer. Furthermore, the structure suggests that analogous loops in branching enzymes from a diversity of organisms are responsible for branch chain length specificity. Together, these results suggest a possible mechanism for transfer chain specificity involving some of these surface binding sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Remie Fawaz
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Courtney Bingham
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Hadi Nayebi
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Janice Chiou
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Lindsey Gilbert
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Sung Hoon Park
- Department of Food Service Management and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Sangmyung University, Hongjidong, Jongnogu, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea
| | - James H Geiger
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guardia AE, Wagner A, Busalmen JP, Di Capua C, Cortéz N, Beligni MV. The draft genome of Andean Rhodopseudomonas sp. strain AZUL predicts genome plasticity and adaptation to chemical homeostasis. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:297. [PMID: 36494611 PMCID: PMC9733117 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02685-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Rhodopseudomonas comprises purple non-sulfur bacteria with extremely versatile metabolisms. Characterization of several strains revealed that each is a distinct ecotype highly adapted to its specific micro-habitat. Here we present the sequencing, genomic comparison and functional annotation of AZUL, a Rhodopseudomonas strain isolated from a high altitude Andean lagoon dominated by extreme conditions and fluctuating levels of chemicals. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis of 39 strains of this genus showed that the genome of AZUL is 96.2% identical to that of strain AAP120, which suggests that they belong to the same species. ANI values also show clear separation at the species level with the rest of the strains, being more closely related to R. palustris. Pangenomic analyses revealed that the genus Rhodopseudomonas has an open pangenome and that its core genome represents roughly 5 to 12% of the total gene repertoire of the genus. Functional annotation showed that AZUL has genes that participate in conferring genome plasticity and that, in addition to sharing the basal metabolic complexity of the genus, it is also specialized in metal and multidrug resistance and in responding to nutrient limitation. Our results also indicate that AZUL might have evolved to use some of the mechanisms involved in resistance as redox reactions for bioenergetic purposes. Most of those features are shared with strain AAP120, and mainly involve the presence of additional orthologs responsible for the mentioned processes. Altogether, our results suggest that AZUL, one of the few bacteria from its habitat with a sequenced genome, is highly adapted to the extreme and changing conditions that constitute its niche.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aisha E. Guardia
- grid.473319.b0000 0004 0461 9871Ingeniería de Interfases y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA-CONICET-UNMdP), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Agustín Wagner
- grid.10814.3c0000 0001 2097 3211Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Zavalla, Argentina
| | - Juan P. Busalmen
- grid.473319.b0000 0004 0461 9871Ingeniería de Interfases y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA-CONICET-UNMdP), Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Di Capua
- grid.501777.30000 0004 0638 1836Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Néstor Cortéz
- grid.501777.30000 0004 0638 1836Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - María V. Beligni
- grid.412221.60000 0000 9969 0902Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB-CONICET-UNMdP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiang W, Gao H, Sun J, Yang X, Jiang Y, Zhang W, Jiang M, Xin F. Current status, challenges and prospects for lignin valorization by using Rhodococcus sp. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108004. [PMID: 35690272 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lignin represents the most abundant renewable aromatics in nature, which has complicated and heterogeneous structure. The rapid development of biotransformation technology has brought new opportunities to achieve the complete lignin valorization. Especially, Rhodococcus sp. possesses excellent capabilities to metabolize aromatic hydrocarbons degraded from lignin. Furthermore, it can convert these toxic compounds into high value added bioproducts, such as microbial lipids, polyhydroxyalkanoate and carotenoid et al. Accordingly, this review will discuss the potentials of Rhodococcus sp. as a cell factory for lignin biotransformation, including phenol tolerance, lignin depolymerization and lignin-derived aromatic hydrocarbon metabolism. The detailed metabolic mechanism for lignin biotransformation and bioproducts spectrum of Rhodococcus sp. will be comprehensively discussed. The available molecular tools for the conversion of lignin by Rhodococcus sp. will be reviewed, and the possible direction for lignin biotransformation in the future will also be proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wankui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Haiyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Jingxiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Yujia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
| | - Fengxue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Alonso-Reyes DG, Galván FS, Portero LR, Alvarado NN, Farías ME, Vazquez MP, Albarracín VH. Genomic insights into an andean multiresistant soil actinobacterium of biotechnological interest. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:166. [PMID: 34463818 PMCID: PMC8405860 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Central-Andean Ecosystems (between 2000 and 6000 m above sea level (masl) are typical arid-to-semiarid environments suffering from the highest total solar and ultraviolet-B radiation on the planet but displaying numerous salt flats and shallow lakes. Andean microbial ecosystems isolated from these environments are of exceptional biodiversity enduring multiple severe conditions. Furthermore, the polyextremophilic nature of the microbes in such ecosystems indicates the potential for biotechnological applications. Within this context, the study undertaken used genome mining, physiological and microscopical characterization to reveal the multiresistant profile of Nesterenkonia sp. Act20, an actinobacterium isolated from the soil surrounding Lake Socompa, Salta, Argentina (3570 masl). Ultravioet-B, desiccation, and copper assays revealed the strain's exceptional resistance to all these conditions. Act20's genome presented coding sequences involving resistance to antibiotics, low temperatures, ultraviolet radiation, arsenic, nutrient-limiting conditions, osmotic stress, low atmospheric-oxygen pressure, heavy-metal stress, and toxic fluoride and chlorite. Act20 can also synthesize proteins and natural products such as an insecticide, bacterial cellulose, ectoine, bacterial hemoglobin, and even antibiotics like colicin V and aurachin C. We also found numerous enzymes for animal- and vegetal-biomass degradation and applications in other industrial processes. The resilience of Act20 and its biotechnologic potential were thoroughly demonstrated in this work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gonzalo Alonso-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Fátima Silvina Galván
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Luciano Raúl Portero
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Natalia Noelia Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Farías
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA), Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT, CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Martín P Vazquez
- HERITAS-CONICET, Ocampo 210 bis, Predio CCT, 2000, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Virginia Helena Albarracín
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ultraestructural y Molecular, Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME), Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT y CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
- Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica (CIME, CONICET, UNT), Camino de Sirga s/n. FAZ, Finca El Manantial, 4107, Yerba Buena, Tucumán, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ivshina IB, Kuyukina MS, Krivoruchko AV, Tyumina EA. Responses to Ecopollutants and Pathogenization Risks of Saprotrophic Rhodococcus Species. Pathogens 2021; 10:974. [PMID: 34451438 PMCID: PMC8398200 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Under conditions of increasing environmental pollution, true saprophytes are capable of changing their survival strategies and demonstrating certain pathogenicity factors. Actinobacteria of the genus Rhodococcus, typical soil and aquatic biotope inhabitants, are characterized by high ecological plasticity and a wide range of oxidized organic substrates, including hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Their cell adaptations, such as the ability of adhering and colonizing surfaces, a complex life cycle, formation of resting cells and capsule-like structures, diauxotrophy, and a rigid cell wall, developed against the negative effects of anthropogenic pollutants are discussed and the risks of possible pathogenization of free-living saprotrophic Rhodococcus species are proposed. Due to universal adaptation features, Rhodococcus species are among the candidates, if further anthropogenic pressure increases, to move into the group of potentially pathogenic organisms with "unprofessional" parasitism, and to join an expanding list of infectious agents as facultative or occasional parasites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina B. Ivshina
- Perm Federal Research Center UB RAS, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS, 13 Golev Str., 614081 Perm, Russia; (M.S.K.); (A.V.K.); (E.A.T.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Maria S. Kuyukina
- Perm Federal Research Center UB RAS, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS, 13 Golev Str., 614081 Perm, Russia; (M.S.K.); (A.V.K.); (E.A.T.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Anastasiia V. Krivoruchko
- Perm Federal Research Center UB RAS, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS, 13 Golev Str., 614081 Perm, Russia; (M.S.K.); (A.V.K.); (E.A.T.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Elena A. Tyumina
- Perm Federal Research Center UB RAS, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS, 13 Golev Str., 614081 Perm, Russia; (M.S.K.); (A.V.K.); (E.A.T.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pátek M, Grulich M, Nešvera J. Stress response in Rhodococcus strains. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107698. [PMID: 33515672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rhodococci are bacteria which can survive under various extreme conditions, in the presence of toxic compounds, and in other hostile habitats. Their tolerance of unfavorable conditions is associated with the structure of their cell wall and their large array of enzymes, which degrade or detoxify harmful compounds. Their physiological and biotechnological properties, together with tools for their genetic manipulation, enable us to apply them in biotransformations, biodegradation and bioremediation. Many such biotechnological applications cause stresses that positively or negatively affect their efficiency. Whereas numerous reviews on rhodococci described their enzyme activities, the optimization of degradation or production processes, and corresponding technological solutions, only a few reviews discussed some specific effects of stresses on the physiology of rhodococci and biotechnological processes. This review aims to comprehensively describe individual stress responses in Rhodococcus strains, the interconnection of different types of stresses and their consequences for cell physiology. We examine here the responses to (1) environmental stresses (desiccation, heat, cold, osmotic and pH stress), (2) the presence of stress-inducing compounds (metals, organic compounds and antibiotics) in the environment (3) starvation and (4) stresses encountered during biotechnological applications. Adaptations of the cell envelope, the formation of multicellular structures and stresses induced by the interactions of hosts with pathogenic rhodococci are also included. The roles of sigma factors of RNA polymerase in the global regulation of stress responses in rhodococci are described as well. Although the review covers a large number of stressful conditions, our intention was to provide an overview of the selected stress responses and their possible connection to biotechnological processes, not an exhaustive survey of the scientific literature. The findings on stress responses summarized in this review and the demonstration of gaps in current knowledge may motivate researchers working to fill these gaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Pátek
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Grulich
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Nešvera
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Reyneke B, Hamilton KA, Fernández-Ibáñez P, Polo-López MI, McGuigan KG, Khan S, Khan W. EMA-amplicon-based sequencing informs risk assessment analysis of water treatment systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140717. [PMID: 32679496 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Illumina amplicon-based sequencing was coupled with ethidium monoazide bromide (EMA) pre-treatment to monitor the total viable bacterial community and subsequently identify and prioritise the target organisms for the health risk assessment of the untreated rainwater and rainwater treated using large-volume batch solar reactor prototypes installed in an informal settlement and rural farming community. Taxonomic assignments indicated that Legionella and Pseudomonas were the most frequently detected genera containing opportunistic bacterial pathogens in the untreated and treated rainwater at both sites. Additionally, Mycobacterium, Clostridium sensu stricto and Escherichia/Shigella displayed high (≥80%) detection frequencies in the untreated and/or treated rainwater samples at one or both sites. Numerous exposure scenarios (e.g. drinking, cleaning) were subsequently investigated and the health risk of using untreated and solar reactor treated rainwater in developing countries was quantified based on the presence of L. pneumophila, P. aeruginosa and E. coli. The solar reactor prototypes were able to reduce the health risk associated with E. coli and P. aeruginosa to below the 1 × 10-4 annual benchmark limit for all the non-potable uses of rainwater within the target communities (exception of showering for E. coli). However, the risk associated with intentional drinking of untreated or treated rainwater exceeded the benchmark limit (E. coli and P. aeruginosa). Additionally, while the solar reactor treatment reduced the risk associated with garden hosing and showering based on the presence of L. pneumophila, the risk estimates for both activities still exceeded the annual benchmark limit. The large-volume batch solar reactor prototypes were thus able to reduce the risk posed by the target bacteria for non-potable activities rainwater is commonly used for in water scarce regions of sub-Saharan Africa. This study highlights the need to assess water treatment systems in field trials using QMRA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Reyneke
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - K A Hamilton
- School for Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States; The Biodesign Institute Center for Environmental Health Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States
| | - P Fernández-Ibáñez
- Plataforma Solar de Almeria-CIEMAT, P.O. Box 22, Tabernas, Almería, Spain; Nanotechnology and Integrated BioEngineering Centre, School of Engineering, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - M I Polo-López
- Plataforma Solar de Almeria-CIEMAT, P.O. Box 22, Tabernas, Almería, Spain
| | - K G McGuigan
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Khan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - W Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Perez MF, Kurth D, Farías ME, Soria MN, Castillo Villamizar GA, Poehlein A, Daniel R, Dib JR. First Report on the Plasmidome From a High-Altitude Lake of the Andean Puna. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1343. [PMID: 32655530 PMCID: PMC7324554 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mobile genetic elements, including plasmids, drive the evolution of prokaryotic genomes through the horizontal transfer of genes allowing genetic exchange between bacteria. Moreover, plasmids carry accessory genes, which encode functions that may offer an advantage to the host. Thus, it is expected that in a certain ecological niche, plasmids are enriched in accessory functions, which are important for their hosts to proliferate in that niche. Puquio de Campo Naranja is a high-altitude lake from the Andean Puna exposed to multiple extreme conditions, including high UV radiation, alkalinity, high concentrations of arsenic, heavy metals, dissolved salts, high thermal amplitude and low O2 pressure. Microorganisms living in this lake need to develop efficient mechanisms and strategies to cope under these conditions. The aim of this study was to characterize the plasmidome of microbialites from Puquio de Campo Naranja, and identify potential hosts and encoded functions using a deep-sequencing approach. The potential ecological impact of the plasmidome, including plasmids from cultivable and non-cultivable microorganisms, is described for the first time in a lake representing an extreme environment of the Puna. This study showed that the recovered genetic information for the plasmidome was novel in comparison to the metagenome derived from the same environment. The study of the total plasmid population allowed the identification of genetic features typically encoded by plasmids, such as resistance and virulence factors. The resistance genes comprised resistances to heavy metals, antibiotics and stress factors. These results highlight the key role of plasmids for their hosts and impact of extrachromosomal elements to thrive in a certain ecological niche.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Perez
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Daniel Kurth
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Farías
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Mariana Noelia Soria
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Genis Andrés Castillo Villamizar
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology & Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Línea Tecnológica Biocorrosión, Corporación para la Investigación de la Corrosión C.I.C., Piedecuesta, Colombia
| | - Anja Poehlein
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology & Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rolf Daniel
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology & Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julián Rafael Dib
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.,Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Instituto de Microbiología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang L, Wang M, Wise MJ, Liu Q, Yang T, Zhu Z, Li C, Tan X, Tang D, Wang W. Recent progress in the structure of glycogen serving as a durable energy reserve in bacteria. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:14. [PMID: 31897771 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2795-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen is conventionally considered as a transient energy reserve that can be rapidly synthesized for glucose accumulation and mobilized for ATP production. However, this conception is not completely applicable to prokaryotes due to glycogen structural heterogeneity. A number of studies noticed that glycogen with small average chain length gc in bacteria has the potential to degrade slowly, which might prolong bacterial environment survival. This phenomenon was previously examined and later formulated as the durable energy storage mechanism hypothesis. Although recent research has been warming to the hypothesis, experimental validation is still missing at current stage. In this review, we summarized recent progress of the hypothesis, provided a supporting mathematical model, and explored the technical pitfalls that shall be avoided in glycogen study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Michael J Wise
- The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Computer Science and Software Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zuobin Zhu
- Department of Genetics, School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinle Tan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Daoquan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- School of Public Health, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tribelli PM, Pezzoni M, Brito MG, Montesinos NV, Costa CS, López NI. Response to lethal UVA radiation in the Antarctic bacterium Pseudomonas extremaustralis: polyhydroxybutyrate and cold adaptation as protective factors. Extremophiles 2019; 24:265-275. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-019-01152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
18
|
Firrincieli A, Presentato A, Favoino G, Marabottini R, Allevato E, Stazi SR, Scarascia Mugnozza G, Harfouche A, Petruccioli M, Turner RJ, Zannoni D, Cappelletti M. Identification of Resistance Genes and Response to Arsenic in Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:888. [PMID: 31133997 PMCID: PMC6514093 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) ranks among the priority metal(loid)s that are of public health concern. In the environment, arsenic is present in different forms, organic or inorganic, featured by various toxicity levels. Bacteria have developed different strategies to deal with this toxicity involving different resistance genetic determinants. Bacterial strains of Rhodococcus genus, and more in general Actinobacteria phylum, have the ability to cope with high concentrations of toxic metalloids, although little is known on the molecular and genetic bases of these metabolic features. Here we show that Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1, an extremophilic actinobacterial strain able to tolerate high concentrations of organic solvents and toxic metalloids, can grow in the presence of high concentrations of As(V) (up to 240 mM) under aerobic growth conditions using glucose as sole carbon and energy source. Notably, BCP1 cells improved their growth performance as well as their capacity of reducing As(V) into As(III) when the concentration of As(V) is within 30–100 mM As(V). Genomic analysis of BCP1 compared to other actinobacterial strains revealed the presence of three gene clusters responsible for organic and inorganic arsenic resistance. In particular, two adjacent and divergently oriented ars gene clusters include three arsenate reductase genes (arsC1/2/3) involved in resistance mechanisms against As(V). A sequence similarity network (SSN) and phylogenetic analysis of these arsenate reductase genes indicated that two of them (ArsC2/3) are functionally related to thioredoxin (Trx)/thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)-dependent class and one of them (ArsC1) to the mycothiol (MSH)/mycoredoxin (Mrx)-dependent class. A targeted transcriptomic analysis performed by RT-qPCR indicated that the arsenate reductase genes as well as other genes included in the ars gene cluster (possible regulator gene, arsR, and arsenite extrusion genes, arsA, acr3, and arsD) are transcriptionally induced when BCP1 cells were exposed to As(V) supplied at two different sub-lethal concentrations. This work provides for the first time insights into the arsenic resistance mechanisms of a Rhodococcus strain, revealing some of the unique metabolic requirements for the environmental persistence of this bacterial genus and its possible use in bioremediation procedures of toxic metal contaminated sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Firrincieli
- Department for the Innovation in Biological Systems, Agro-Food and Forestry, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Presentato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Giusi Favoino
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosita Marabottini
- Department for the Innovation in Biological Systems, Agro-Food and Forestry, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Enrica Allevato
- Department for the Innovation in Biological Systems, Agro-Food and Forestry, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Silvia Rita Stazi
- Department for the Innovation in Biological Systems, Agro-Food and Forestry, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Scarascia Mugnozza
- Department for the Innovation in Biological Systems, Agro-Food and Forestry, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Antoine Harfouche
- Department for the Innovation in Biological Systems, Agro-Food and Forestry, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Petruccioli
- Department for the Innovation in Biological Systems, Agro-Food and Forestry, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Raymond J Turner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Davide Zannoni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Cappelletti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Portero LR, Alonso-Reyes DG, Zannier F, Vazquez MP, Farías ME, Gärtner W, Albarracín VH. Photolyases and Cryptochromes in UV-resistant Bacteria from High-altitude Andean Lakes. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 95:315-330. [DOI: 10.1111/php.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Raúl Portero
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA); Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI); CCT; CONICET; Tucumán Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Servicios de Microscopía Electrónica (CISME-CONICET-UNT); CCT, CONICET; Tucumán Argentina
| | - Daniel G. Alonso-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA); Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI); CCT; CONICET; Tucumán Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Servicios de Microscopía Electrónica (CISME-CONICET-UNT); CCT, CONICET; Tucumán Argentina
| | - Federico Zannier
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA); Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI); CCT; CONICET; Tucumán Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Servicios de Microscopía Electrónica (CISME-CONICET-UNT); CCT, CONICET; Tucumán Argentina
| | - Martín P. Vazquez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología de Rosario (INDEAR); Predio CCT Rosario; Santa Fe Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Farías
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA); Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI); CCT; CONICET; Tucumán Argentina
| | - Wolfgang Gärtner
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Virginia Helena Albarracín
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA); Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI); CCT; CONICET; Tucumán Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones y Servicios de Microscopía Electrónica (CISME-CONICET-UNT); CCT, CONICET; Tucumán Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; Instituto Miguel Lillo; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Tucumán Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Singh N, Choudhury B. Potential of Lentibacillus sp. NS12IITR for production of lipids with enriched branched-chain fatty acids for improving biodiesel properties along with hydrocarbon co-production. Extremophiles 2018; 22:865-875. [PMID: 30032330 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-018-1043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hypersaline environment is inhabited by array of microbes which have the potential to produce industrially important products. This study explored biomass and lipid production potential of the halophilic bacterium, strain NS12IITR which was isolated from Sambhar Lake, Rajasthan. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the bacterium belonged to genus Lentibacillus. The salient feature of the isolate is its ability to accumulate total cellular lipid up to 18.9 ± 0.45% of dry cell weight. In addition, trans-esterification of extracted lipid yielded 77.6 ± 5.56% of total esters as methyl ester of branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs). To assess the nature of extracted lipid, lipid sample was fractionated on the silicic acid column, which demonstrated that 49.03 ± 1.35% of the total lipids was neutral in nature. Trans-esterification of the neutral lipid fraction yielded 60.62 ± 4.88% of total esters as methyl ester of BCFAs. Methyl esters of BCFAs were present in trans-esterified products of neutral as well as polar lipid fractions. Furthermore, the isolate produced hydrocarbons both extracellularly (C10-C30) and intra-cellularly (C15-C28). The concentration of extracellular hydrocarbon (21.11 ± 0.78 mg/L) synthesized by strain NS12IITR is in close agreement with the yield reported from other hydrocarbon producing bacteria. This is hereby a first report on the co-production of lipids and hydrocarbon from a halophilic bacterium. The production of neutral lipid with high percentage of BCFAs and co-production of hydrocarbons makes the isolate NS12IITR a potential claimant for biofuel production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noopur Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Bijan Choudhury
- Department of Biotechnology, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Belfiore C, Curia MV, Farías ME. Characterization of Rhodococcus sp. A5 wh isolated from a high altitude Andean lake to unravel the survival strategy under lithium stress. Rev Argent Microbiol 2017; 50:311-322. [PMID: 29239754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium (Li) is widely distributed in nature and has several industrial applications. The largest reserves of Li (over 85%) are in the so-called "triangle of lithium" that includes the Salar de Atacama in Chile, Salar de Uyuni in Bolivia and Salar del Hombre Muerto in Argentina. Recently, the use of microorganisms in metal recovery such as copper has increased; however, there is little information about the recovery of lithium. The strain Rhodococcus sp. A5wh used in this work was previously isolated from Laguna Azul. The assays revealed that this strain was able to accumulate Li (39.52% of Li/g microbial cells in 180min) and that it was able to grow in its presence up to 1M. In order to understand the mechanisms implicated in Li tolerance, a proteomic approach was conducted. Comparative proteomic analyses of strain A5wh exposed and unexposed to Li reveal that 17 spots were differentially expressed. The identification of proteins was performed by MALDI-TOF/MS, and the obtained results showed that proteins involved in stress response, transcription, translations, and metabolism were expressed under Li stress. This knowledge constitutes the first proteomic approach to elucidate the strategy followed by Rhodococcus to adapt to Li.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Belfiore
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT-Tucumán, CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000 S. M. de Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - María V Curia
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT-Tucumán, CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000 S. M. de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María E Farías
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT-Tucumán, CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000 S. M. de Tucumán, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sánchez Thevenet P, Alvarez HM, Basualdo JA. Survival, physical and physiological changes of Taenia hydatigena eggs under different conditions of water stress. Exp Parasitol 2017; 177:47-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
23
|
Rasuk MC, Ferrer GM, Kurth D, Portero LR, Farías ME, Albarracín VH. UV-Resistant Actinobacteria from High-Altitude Andean Lakes: Isolation, Characterization and Antagonistic Activities. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:865-880. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Cecilia Rasuk
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI); CCT; CONICET; S. M. de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Gabriela Mónica Ferrer
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI); CCT; CONICET; S. M. de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Daniel Kurth
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI); CCT; CONICET; S. M. de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Luciano Raúl Portero
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI); CCT; CONICET; S. M. de Tucumán Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Farías
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI); CCT; CONICET; S. M. de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Virginia Helena Albarracín
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI); CCT; CONICET; S. M. de Tucumán Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Tucumán Argentina
- Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica; CCT-Tucumán; CONICET; Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; Tucumán Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hauschild P, Röttig A, Madkour MH, Al-Ansari AM, Almakishah NH, Steinbüchel A. Lipid accumulation in prokaryotic microorganisms from arid habitats. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:2203-2216. [PMID: 28175949 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review shall provide support for the suitability of arid environments as preferred location to search for unknown lipid-accumulative bacteria. Bacterial lipids are attracting more and more attention as sustainable replacement for mineral oil in fuel and plastic production. The development of prokaryotic microorganisms in arid desert habitats is affected by its harsh living conditions. Drought, nutrient limitation, strong radiation, and extreme temperatures necessitate effective adaption mechanisms. Accumulation of storage lipids as energy reserve and source of metabolic water represents a common adaption in desert animals and presumably in desert bacteria and archaea as well. Comparison of corresponding literature resulted in several bacterial species from desert habitats, which had already been described as lipid-accumulative elsewhere. Based on the gathered information, literature on microbial communities in hot desert, cold desert, and humid soil were analyzed on its content of lipid-accumulative bacteria. With more than 50% of the total community size in single studies, hot deserts appear to be more favorable for lipid-accumulative species then humid soil (≤20%) and cold deserts (≤17%). Low bacterial lipid accumulation in cold deserts is assumed to result from the influence of low temperatures on fatty acids and the increased necessity of permanent adaption methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippa Hauschild
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 3, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Annika Röttig
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 3, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Mohamed H Madkour
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Al-Ansari
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naief H Almakishah
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexander Steinbüchel
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 3, D-48149, Münster, Germany. .,Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Day PA, Villalba MS, Herrero OM, Arancibia LA, Alvarez HM. Formation of indigoidine derived-pigments contributes to the adaptation of Vogesella sp. strain EB to cold aquatic iron-oxidizing environments. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2016; 110:415-428. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-016-0814-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
26
|
Castro AR, Rocha I, Alves MM, Pereira MA. Rhodococcus opacus B4: a promising bacterium for production of biofuels and biobased chemicals. AMB Express 2016; 6:35. [PMID: 27179529 PMCID: PMC4870530 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-016-0207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipids have relevant applications in the production of renewable fuels and biobased oleochemicals. The genus Rhodococcus is one of the most relevant lipid producers due to its capability to accumulate those compounds, mainly triacylglycerols (TAG), when cultivated on different defined substrates, namely sugars, organic acids and hydrocarbons but also on complex carbon sources present in industrial wastes. In this work, the production of storage lipids by Rhodococcus opacus B4 using glucose, acetate and hexadecane is reported for the first time and its productivity compared with Rhodococcus opacus PD630, the best TAG producer bacterium reported. Both strains accumulated mainly TAG from all carbon sources, being influenced by the carbon source itself and by the duration of the accumulation period. R. opacus B4 produced 0.09 and 0.14 g L(-1) at 24 and 72 h, with hexadecane as carbon source, which was 2 and 3.3 fold higher than the volumetric production obtained by R. opacus PD630. Both strains presented similar fatty acids (FA) profiles in intact cells while in TAG produced fraction, R. opacus B4 revealed a higher variability in fatty acid composition than R. opacus PD630, when both strains were cultivated on hexadecane. The obtained results open new perspectives for the use of R. opacus B4 to produce TAG, in particular using oily (alkane-contaminated) waste and wastewater as cheap raw-materials. Combining TAG production with hydrocarbons degradation is a promising strategy to achieve environmental remediation while producing added value compounds.
Collapse
|
27
|
Röttig A, Strittmatter CS, Schauer J, Hiessl S, Poehlein A, Daniel R, Steinbüchel A. Role of Wax Ester Synthase/Acyl Coenzyme A:Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase in Oleaginous Streptomyces sp. Strain G25. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:5969-81. [PMID: 27474711 PMCID: PMC5038041 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01719-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Recently, we isolated a novel Streptomyces strain which can accumulate extraordinarily large amounts of triacylglycerol (TAG) and consists of 64% fatty acids (dry weight) when cultivated with glucose and 50% fatty acids (dry weight) when cultivated with cellobiose. To identify putative gene products responsible for lipid storage and cellobiose utilization, we analyzed its draft genome sequence. A single gene encoding a wax ester synthase/acyl coenzyme A (CoA):diacylglycerol acyltransferase (WS/DGAT) was identified and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli The purified enzyme AtfG25 showed acyltransferase activity with C12- or C16-acyl-CoA, C12 to C18 alcohols, or dipalmitoyl glycerol. This acyltransferase exhibits 24% amino acid identity to the model enzyme AtfA from Acinetobacter baylyi but has high sequence similarities to WS/DGATs from other Streptomyces species. To investigate the impact of AtfG25 on lipid accumulation, the respective gene, atfG25, was inactivated in Streptomyces sp. strain G25. However, cells of the insertion mutant still exhibited DGAT activity and were able to store TAG, albeit in lower quantities and at lower rates than the wild-type strain. These findings clearly indicate that AtfG25 has an important, but not exclusive, role in TAG biosynthesis in the novel Streptomyces isolate and suggest the presence of alternative metabolic pathways for lipid accumulation which are discussed in the present study. IMPORTANCE A novel Streptomyces strain was isolated from desert soil, which represents an extreme environment with high temperatures, frequent drought, and nutrient scarcity. We believe that these harsh conditions promoted the development of the capacity for this strain to accumulate extraordinarily large amounts of lipids. In this study, we present the analysis of its draft genome sequence with a special focus on enzymes potentially involved in its lipid storage. Furthermore, the activity and importance of the detected acyltransferase were studied. As discussed in this paper, and in contrast to many other bacteria, streptomycetes seem to possess a complex metabolic network to synthesize lipids, whereof crucial steps are still largely unknown. This paper therefore provides insights into a range of topics, including extremophile bacteria, the physiology of lipid accumulation, and the biotechnological production of bacterial lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Röttig
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Carl Simon Strittmatter
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jennifer Schauer
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hiessl
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anja Poehlein
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rolf Daniel
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinbüchel
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Phenotype microarray analysis may unravel genetic determinants of the stress response by Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1 and Rhodococcus opacus R7. Res Microbiol 2016; 167:766-773. [PMID: 27394988 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the response of Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1 and Rhodococcus opacus R7 to various stress conditions and several antimicrobials was examined by PM in relation with genetic determinants, as revealed by annotation analysis of the two genomes. Comparison between metabolic activities and genetic features of BCP1 and R7 provided new insight into the environmental persistence of these two members of the genus Rhodococcus.
Collapse
|
29
|
Albarracín VH, Kraiselburd I, Bamann C, Wood PG, Bamberg E, Farias ME, Gärtner W. Functional Green-Tuned Proteorhodopsin from Modern Stromatolites. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154962. [PMID: 27187791 PMCID: PMC4871484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The sequenced genome of the poly-extremophile Exiguobacterium sp. S17, isolated from modern stromatolites at Laguna Socompa (3,570 m), a High-Altitude Andean Lake (HAAL) in Argentinean Puna revealed a putative proteorhodopsin-encoding gene. The HAAL area is exposed to the highest UV irradiation on Earth, making the microbial community living in the stromatolites test cases for survival strategies under extreme conditions. The heterologous expressed protein E17R from Exiguobacterium (248 amino acids, 85% sequence identity to its ortholog ESR from E. sibiricum) was assembled with retinal displaying an absorbance maximum at 524 nm, which makes it a member of the green-absorbing PR-subfamily. Titration down to low pH values (eventually causing partial protein denaturation) indicated a pK value between two and three. Global fitting of data from laser flash-induced absorption changes gave evidence for an early red-shifted intermediate (its formation being below the experimental resolution) that decayed (τ1 = 3.5 μs) into another red-shifted intermediate. This species decayed in a two-step process (τ2 = 84 μs, τ3 = 11 ms), to which the initial state of E17-PR was reformed with a kinetics of 2 ms. Proton transport capability of the HAAL protein was determined by BLM measurements. Additional blue light irradiation reduced the proton current, clearly identifying a blue light absorbing, M-like intermediate. The apparent absence of this intermediate is explained by closely matching formation and decay kinetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Helena Albarracín
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT, CONICET. Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros. 4000- S. M. de Tucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, 4000, S. M. de Tucumán, Argentina
- * E-mail: (VHA); (WG)
| | - Ivana Kraiselburd
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR - CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas (FBIOYF - UNR), Suipacha 590, 2000, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Christian Bamann
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Straße 3, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Phillip G. Wood
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Straße 3, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ernst Bamberg
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Straße 3, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - María Eugenia Farias
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Straße 3, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Gärtner
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34–36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany
- * E-mail: (VHA); (WG)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Röttig A, Hauschild P, Madkour MH, Al-Ansari AM, Almakishah NH, Steinbüchel A. Analysis and optimization of triacylglycerol synthesis in novel oleaginous Rhodococcus and Streptomyces strains isolated from desert soil. J Biotechnol 2016; 225:48-56. [PMID: 27034020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
As oleaginous microorganisms represent an upcoming novel feedstock for the biotechnological production of lipids or lipid-derived biofuels, we searched for novel, lipid-producing strains in desert soil. This was encouraged by the hypothesis that neutral lipids represent an ideal storage compound, especially under arid conditions, as several animals are known to outlast long periods in absence of drinking water by metabolizing their body fat. Ten lipid-accumulating bacterial strains, affiliated to the genera Bacillus, Cupriavidus, Nocardia, Rhodococcus and Streptomyces, were isolated from arid desert soil due to their ability to synthesize poly(β-hydroxybutyrate), triacylglycerols or wax esters. Particularly two Streptomyces sp. strains and one Rhodococcus sp. strain accumulate significant amounts of TAG under storage conditions under optimized cultivation conditions. Rhodococcus sp. A27 and Streptomyces sp. G49 synthesized approx. 30% (w/w) fatty acids from fructose or cellobiose, respectively, while Streptomyces isolate G25 reached a cellular fatty acid content of nearly 50% (w/w) when cultivated with cellobiose. The stored triacylglycerols were composed of 30-40% branched fatty acids, such as anteiso-pentadecanoic or iso-hexadecanoic acid. To date, this represents by far the highest lipid content described for streptomycetes. A biotechnological production of such lipids using (hemi)cellulose-derived raw material could be used to obtain sustainable biodiesel with a high proportion of branched-chain fatty acids to improve its cold-flow properties and oxidative stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Röttig
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Philippa Hauschild
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Mohamed H Madkour
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Al-Ansari
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naief H Almakishah
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexander Steinbüchel
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany; Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Albarracín VH, Gärtner W, Farias ME. Forged Under the Sun: Life and Art of Extremophiles from Andean Lakes. Photochem Photobiol 2015; 92:14-28. [PMID: 26647770 DOI: 10.1111/php.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
High-altitude Andean lakes (HAAL) are a treasure chest for microbiological research in South America. Their indigenous microbial communities are exposed to extremely high UV irradiation and to multiple chemical extremes (Arsenic, high salt content, alkalinity). Microbes are found both, free-living or associated into microbial mats with different degrees of mineralization and lithification, including unique modern stromatolites located at 3570 m above sea level. Characterization of these polyextremophilic microbes began only recently, employing morphological and phylogenetic methods as well as high-throughput sequencing and proteomics approach. Aside from providing a general overview on microbial communities, special attention is given to various survival strategies; HAAL's microbes present a complex system of shared genetic and physiological mechanisms (UV-resistome) based on UV photoreceptors and stress sensors with their corresponding response regulators, UV avoidance and protection strategies, damage tolerance and UV damage repair. Molecular information will be provided for what is, so far the most studied HAAL molecule, a CPD-Class I photolyase from Acinetobacter Ver3 (Laguna Verde, 4400 m). This work further proposes some strategies that make an appeal for the preservation of HAAL, a highly fragile environment that offers promising and ample research possibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Helena Albarracín
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT, CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Wolfgang Gärtner
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim, Germany
| | - María Eugenia Farias
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT, CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Albarracín VH, Kurth D, Ordoñez OF, Belfiore C, Luccini E, Salum GM, Piacentini RD, Farías ME. High-Up: A Remote Reservoir of Microbial Extremophiles in Central Andean Wetlands. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1404. [PMID: 26733008 PMCID: PMC4679917 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Central Andes region displays unexplored ecosystems of shallow lakes and salt flats at mean altitudes of 3700 m. Being isolated and hostile, these so-called "High-Altitude Andean Lakes" (HAAL) are pristine and have been exposed to little human influence. HAAL proved to be a rich source of microbes showing interesting adaptations to life in extreme settings (poly-extremophiles) such as alkalinity, high concentrations of arsenic and dissolved salts, intense dryness, large daily ambient thermal amplitude, and extreme solar radiation levels. This work reviews HAAL microbiodiversity, taking into account different microbial niches, such as plankton, benthos, microbial mats and microbialites. The modern stromatolites and other microbialites discovered recently at HAAL are highlighted, as they provide unique modern-though quite imperfect-analogs of environments proxy for an earlier time in Earth's history (volcanic setting and profuse hydrothermal activity, low atmospheric O2 pressure, thin ozone layer and high UV exposure). Likewise, we stress the importance of HAAL microbes as model poly-extremophiles in the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying their resistance ability against UV and toxic or deleterious chemicals using genome mining and functional genomics. In future research directions, it will be necessary to exploit the full potential of HAAL poly-extremophiles in terms of their biotechnological applications. Current projects heading this way have yielded detailed molecular information and functional proof on novel extremoenzymes: i.e., DNA repair enzymes and arsenic efflux pumps for which medical and bioremediation applications, respectively, are envisaged. But still, much effort is required to unravel novel functions for this and other molecules that dwell in a unique biological treasure despite its being hidden high up, in the remote Andes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia H. Albarracín
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos, Centro Científico Tecnológico, CONICETTucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de TucumánTucumán, Argentina
- Centro Integral de Microscopía Electrónica, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Centro Científico Tecnológico, CONICETTucumán, Argentina
| | - Daniel Kurth
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos, Centro Científico Tecnológico, CONICETTucumán, Argentina
| | - Omar F. Ordoñez
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos, Centro Científico Tecnológico, CONICETTucumán, Argentina
| | - Carolina Belfiore
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos, Centro Científico Tecnológico, CONICETTucumán, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Luccini
- CONICET Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de la Provincia de CórdobaCórdoba, Argentina
- Facultad de Química e Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica ArgentinaRosario, Argentina
| | - Graciela M. Salum
- Instituto de Física Rosario, CONICET Universidad Nacional de RosarioRosario, Argentina
- Facultad Regional Concepción del Uruguay, Universidad Tecnológica NacionalConcepción del Uruguay, Argentina
| | - Ruben D. Piacentini
- Facultad Regional Concepción del Uruguay, Universidad Tecnológica NacionalConcepción del Uruguay, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional de RosarioRosario, Argentina
| | - María E. Farías
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos, Centro Científico Tecnológico, CONICETTucumán, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kurth D, Belfiore C, Gorriti MF, Cortez N, Farias ME, Albarracín VH. Genomic and proteomic evidences unravel the UV-resistome of the poly-extremophile Acinetobacter sp. Ver3. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:328. [PMID: 25954258 PMCID: PMC4406064 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation can damage biomolecules, with detrimental or even lethal effects for life. Even though lower wavelengths are filtered by the ozone layer, a significant amount of harmful UV-B and UV-A radiation reach Earth's surface, particularly in high altitude environments. high-altitude Andean lakes (HAALs) are a group of disperse shallow lakes and salterns, located at the Dry Central Andes region in South America at altitudes above 3,000 m. As it is considered one of the highest UV-exposed environments, HAAL microbes constitute model systems to study UV-resistance mechanisms in environmental bacteria at various complexity levels. Herein, we present the genome sequence of Acinetobacter sp. Ver3, a gammaproteobacterium isolated from Lake Verde (4,400 m), together with further experimental evidence supporting the phenomenological observations regarding this bacterium ability to cope with increased UV-induced DNA damage. Comparison with the genomes of other Acinetobacter strains highlighted a number of unique genes, such as a novel cryptochrome. Proteomic profiling of UV-exposed cells identified up-regulated proteins such as a specific cytoplasmic catalase, a putative regulator, and proteins associated to amino acid and protein synthesis. Down-regulated proteins were related to several energy-generating pathways such as glycolysis, beta-oxidation of fatty acids, and electronic respiratory chain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on a genome from a polyextremophilic Acinetobacter strain. From the genomic and proteomic data, an "UV-resistome" was defined, encompassing the genes that would support the outstanding UV-resistance of this strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kurth
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiologicas Lagunas Andinas, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Carolina Belfiore
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiologicas Lagunas Andinas, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Marta F Gorriti
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiologicas Lagunas Andinas, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Néstor Cortez
- Centro Científico Tecnológico, IBR - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Rosario Rosario, Argentina
| | - María E Farias
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiologicas Lagunas Andinas, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Virginia H Albarracín
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiologicas Lagunas Andinas, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina ; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Albarracín VH, Simon J, Pathak GP, Valle L, Douki T, Cadet J, Borsarelli CD, Farias ME, Gärtner W. First characterisation of a CPD-class I photolyase from a UV-resistant extremophile isolated from High-Altitude Andean Lakes. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 13:739-50. [PMID: 24637630 DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50399b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
UV-resistant Acinetobacter sp. Ver3 isolated from High-Altitude Andean Lakes (HAAL) in Argentinean Puna, one of the highest UV exposed ecosystems on Earth, showed efficient DNA photorepairing ability, coupled to highly efficient antioxidant enzyme activities in response to UV-B stress. We herein present the cloning, expression, and functional characterization of a cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD)-class I photolyase (Ver3Phr) from this extremophile to prove its involvement in the previously noted survival capability. Spectroscopy of the overexpressed and purified protein identified flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF) as chromophore and antenna molecules, respectively. All functional analyses were performed in parallel with the ortholog E. coli photolyase. Whereas the E. coli enzyme showed the FAD chromophore as a mixture of oxidised and reduced states, the Ver3 chromophore always remained partly (including the semiquinone state) or fully reduced under all experimental conditions tested. Functional complementation of Ver3Phr in Phr(-)-RecA E. coli strains was assessed by traditional UFC counting and measurement of DNA bipyrimidine photoproducts by HPLC coupled with electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) detection. The results identified strong photoreactivation ability in vivo of Ver3Phr while its nonphotoreactivation function, probably related with the stimulation of nucleotide excision repair (NER), was not as manifest as for EcPhr. Whether this is a question of the approach using an exogenous photolyase incorporated in a non-genuine host or a fundamental different behaviour of a novel enzyme from an exotic environment will need further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Helena Albarracín
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales y Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT, CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000- S. M. de Tucumán, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Dávila Costa JS, Leichert L, Alvarez HM, Herrero OM. Label-free and redox proteomic analyses of the triacylglycerol-accumulating Rhodococcus jostii RHA1. Microbiology (Reading) 2015; 161:593-610. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
36
|
Fernández-Zenoff MV, Estévez MC, Farías ME. Diurnal variation in bacterioplankton composition and DNA damage in the microbial community from an Andean oligotrophic lake. Rev Argent Microbiol 2015; 46:358-62. [PMID: 25576421 DOI: 10.1016/s0325-7541(14)70095-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Laguna Azul is an oligotrophic lake situated at 4,560 m above sea level and subject to a high level of solar radiation. Bacterioplankton community composition (BCC) was analysed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and the impact of solar ultraviolet radiation was assessed by measuring cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD). Furthermore, pure cultures of Acinetobacter johnsonii A2 and Rhodococcus sp. A5 were exposed simultaneously and CPD accumulation was studied. Gel analyses generated a total of 7 sequences belonging to Alpha-proteobacteria (1 band), Beta-proteobacteria (1 band), Bacteroidetes (2 bands), Actinobacteria (1 band), and Firmicutes (1 band). DGGE profiles showed minimal changes in BCC and no CPD was detected even though a high level of damage was found in biodosimeters. A. johnsonii A2 showed low level of DNA damage while Rhodococcus sp. A5 exhibited high resistance since no CPD were detected under natural UV-B exposure, suggesting that the bacterial community is well adapted to this highly solar irradiated environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María V Fernández-Zenoff
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA), Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT, CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina; Instituto de Microbiología, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - María C Estévez
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA), Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT, CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - María E Farías
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Microbiológicas de Lagunas Andinas (LIMLA), Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI), CCT, CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Urbano SB, Di Capua C, Cortez N, Farías ME, Alvarez HM. Triacylglycerol accumulation and oxidative stress in Rhodococcus species: differential effects of pro-oxidants on lipid metabolism. Extremophiles 2014; 18:375-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-013-0623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|