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Teixeira EAA, de Souza LMD, Vieira R, Lirio JM, Coria SH, Convey P, Rosa CA, Rosa LH. Enzymes and biosurfactants of industrial interest produced by culturable fungi present in sediments of Boeckella Lake, Hope Bay, north-east Antarctic Peninsula. Extremophiles 2024; 28:30. [PMID: 38907846 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-024-01345-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
This study characterized cultivable fungi present in sediments obtained from Boeckella Lake, Hope Bay, in the north-east of the Antarctic Peninsula, and evaluated their production of enzymes and biosurfactants of potential industrial interest. A total of 116 fungal isolates were obtained, which were classified into 16 genera within the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota, in rank. The most abundant genera of filamentous fungi included Pseudogymnoascus, Pseudeurotium and Antarctomyces; for yeasts, Thelebolales and Naganishia taxa were dominant. Overall, the lake sediments exhibited high fungal diversity and moderate richness and dominance. The enzymes esterase, cellulase and protease were the most abundantly produced by these fungi. Ramgea cf. ozimecii, Holtermanniella wattica, Leucosporidium creatinivorum, Leucosporidium sp., Mrakia blollopis, Naganishia sp. and Phenoliferia sp. displayed enzymatic index > 2. Fourteen isolates of filamentous fungi demonstrated an Emulsification Index 24% (EI24%) ≥ 50%; among them, three isolates of A. psychrotrophicus showed an EI24% > 80%. Boeckella Lake itself is in the process of drying out due to the impact of regional climate change, and may be lost completely in approaching decades, therefore hosts a threatened community of cultivable fungi that produce important biomolecules with potential application in biotechnological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Amorim Amâncio Teixeira
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Polar E Conexões Tropicais, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Láuren Machado Drumond de Souza
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Polar E Conexões Tropicais, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rosemary Vieira
- Departamento de Geografia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile
| | - Carlos Augusto Rosa
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Polar E Conexões Tropicais, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Rosa
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Polar E Conexões Tropicais, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil.
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Bernardelli CE, Colman D, Donati ER, Urbieta MS. The First Description of the Microbial Diversity in the Amarillo River (La Rioja, Argentina), a Natural Extreme Environment Where the Whole Microbial Community Paints the Landscape Yellow. Microorganisms 2024; 12:235. [PMID: 38399638 PMCID: PMC10892261 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The Amarillo River in Famatina, La Rioja, Argentina, is a natural acidic river with distinctive yellow-ochreous iron precipitates along its course. While mining activities have occurred in the area, the river's natural acidity is influenced by environmental factors beyond mineralogy, where microbial species have a crucial role. Although iron-oxidising bacteria have been identified, a comprehensive analysis of the entire microbial community in this extreme environment has not yet been conducted. In this study, we employ high-throughput sequencing to explore the bacterial and fungal diversity in the Amarillo River and Cueva de Pérez terraces, considered prehistoric analogues of the current river basin. Fe(II)-enrichment cultures mimicking different environmental conditions of the river were also analysed to better understand the roles of prokaryotes and fungi in iron oxidation processes. Additionally, we investigate the ecological relationships between bacteria and fungi using co-occurrence and network analysis. Our findings reveal a diverse bacterial community in the river and terraces, including uncultured species affiliated with Acidimicrobiia, part of an uncharacterised universal microbial acidic diversity. Acidophiles such as Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans, the main iron oxidiser of the system, and Acidiphilium, which is unable to catalyse Fe(II) oxidation but has a great metabolic flexibility,, are part of the core of the microbial community, showing significant involvement in intraspecies interactions. Alicyclobacillus, which is the main Fe(II) oxidiser in the enrichment culture at 30 °C and is detected all over the system, highlights its flexibility towards the iron cycle. The prevalence of key microorganisms in both rivers and terraces implies their enduring contribution to the iron cycle as well as in shaping the iconic yellow landscape of the Amarillo River. In conclusion, this study enhances our understanding of microbial involvement in iron mineral precipitation, emphasising the collaborative efforts of bacteria and fungi as fundamental geological agents in the Amarillo River.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - María Sofía Urbieta
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 50 N 288, Calle, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina; (C.E.B.); (D.C.); (E.R.D.)
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Das S, Rabha J, Narzary D. Assessment of soil yeasts Papiliotrema laurentii S-08 and Saitozyma podzolica S-77 for plant growth promotion and biocontrol of Fusarium wilt of brinjal. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad252. [PMID: 37930719 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to determine the efficacy of the soil yeasts Papiliotrema laurentii S-08 and Saitozyma podzolica S-77 for plant growth promotion (PGP) and biocontrol of wilt disease in brinjal plants while applying yeasts individually or as a consortium in pot experiments. METHODS AND RESULTS The yeasts were tested for various PGP characteristics and antagonistic activity against the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae. Both the yeast isolates demonstrated some PGP attributes as well as inhibited the growth of the phytopathogen. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the yeast metabolites revealed the presence of several antifungal compounds. The pot experiment performed under nursery conditions showed that applying these yeasts, individually or in consortium, decreased the percent disease incidence in brinjal seedlings while significantly enhancing their growth parameters. CONCLUSION Papiliotrema laurentii S-08 and S. podzolica S-77 can be used in brinjal plants as plant growth promoters and also as biocontrol agents against the brinjal wilt disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Das
- Microbiology & Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India
| | - Jintu Rabha
- Microbiology & Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India
| | - Diganta Narzary
- Microbiology & Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India
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de Souza LMD, Ogaki MB, Teixeira EAA, de Menezes GCA, Convey P, Rosa CA, Rosa LH. Communities of culturable freshwater fungi present in Antarctic lakes and detection of their low-temperature-active enzymes. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1923-1933. [PMID: 36274089 PMCID: PMC10484858 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00834-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the diversity and enzymatic activities of culturable fungi recovered from cotton baits submerged for 2 years in Hennequin Lake, King George Island, and from benthic biofilms in Kroner Lake, Deception Island, South Shetland Islands, maritime Antarctica. A total of 154 fungal isolates were obtained, representing in rank abundance the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota. Thelebolus globosus, Goffeauzyma sp., Pseudogymnoascus verrucosus and Metschnikowia australis were the most abundant taxa. The fungal community obtained from the biofilm was more diverse and richer than that recovered from the cotton baits. However, diversity indices suggested that the lakes may harbour further fungal diversity. The capabilities of all cultured fungi to produce the extracellular enzymes cellulase, protease, lipase, agarase, carrageenase, invertase, amylase, esterase, pectinase, inulinase and gelatinase at low temperature were evaluated. All enzymes were detected, but the most widely produced were protease and pectinase. The best enzymatic indices were obtained from Holtermanniella wattica (for invertase, esterase), Goffeauzyma sp. (amylase), Metschnikowia australis (protease), Mrakia blollopis (cellulase, pectinase), Pseudogymnoascus verrucosus (agarase, carrageenase) and Leucosporidium fragarium (inulinase). The detection of multiple enzymes reinforces the ecological role of fungi in nutrient cycling in Antarctic lakes, making nutrients available to the complex aquatic food web. Furthermore, such low-temperature-active enzymes may find application in different biotechnological processes, such as in the textile, pharmaceutical, food, detergent and paper industries, as well as environmental application in pollutant bioremediation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mayara Bapstitucci Ogaki
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Valdivia, Chile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile
| | - Carlos Augusto Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Polar E Conexões Tropicais, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil.
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Ferreira EMS, Garmendia G, Gonçalves VN, da Silva JFM, Rosa LH, Vero S, Pimenta RS. Selection of Antarctic yeasts as gray mold biocontrol agents in strawberry. Extremophiles 2023; 27:16. [PMID: 37410158 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-023-01298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The postharvest disease popularly known as gray mold is considered one of the most limiting factors strawberry fruit production. The most effective way to control this disease is still the use of chemical fungicides. However, other alternative sources of control are being explored. Among these, psychrophilic yeasts adapted to extreme conditions, such as those found in the Antarctic region, may have great potential for use as biocontrol agents. Thus, the present study aimed to select psychrotolerant yeasts obtained from Antarctic region and to evaluate their potential for biocontrol under gray mold, caused by Botrytis cinerea in strawberries stored at low temperature. For this, 20 potential antagonist yeasts were evaluated in vitro (thermotolerance and enzymatic) assays. Debaryomyces hansenii, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Dioszegia hungarica were selected for growing in strawberry juice. However, only D. hansenii was selected for in vivo studies and showed a reduction in the incidence of gray mold by 82% for the tests performed on injury and 86% for the tests on non-injured fruits treated by immersion bath. Thus, demonstrating that the selection of this cold-adapted Antarctic yeast can be a promising strategy as a biocontrol agent used to curb the development of gray mold in strawberry fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Garmendia
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, UdelaR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Vívian Nicolau Gonçalves
- Laboratory of General and Applied Microbiology, Federal University of Tocantins, Palmas, TO, Brazil
- Departament of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Henrique Rosa
- Departament of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Silvana Vero
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, UdelaR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Raphael Sanzio Pimenta
- Laboratory of General and Applied Microbiology, Federal University of Tocantins, Palmas, TO, Brazil.
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Trochine A, Bellora N, Nizovoy P, Duran R, Greif G, de García V, Batthyany C, Robello C, Libkind D. Genomic and proteomic analysis of Tausonia pullulans reveals a key role for a GH15 glucoamylase in starch hydrolysis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:4655-4667. [PMID: 35713658 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Basidiomycetous yeasts remain an almost unexplored source of enzymes with great potential in several industries. Tausonia pullulans (Tremellomycetes) is a psychrotolerant yeast with several extracellular enzymatic activities reported, although the responsible genes are not known. We performed the genomic sequencing, assembly and annotation of T. pullulans strain CRUB 1754 (Perito Moreno glacier, Argentina), a gene survey of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), and analyzed its secretome by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) after growth in glucose (GLU) or starch (STA) as main carbon sources. T. pullulans has 7210 predicted genes, 3.6% being CAZymes. When compared to other Tremellomycetes, it contains a high number of CAZy domains, and in particular higher quantities of glucoamylases (GH15), pectinolytic enzymes (GH28) and lignocellulose decay enzymes (GH7). When the secretome of T. pullulans was analyzed experimentally after growth in starch or glucose, 98 proteins were identified. The 60% of total spectral counts belonged to GHs, oxidoreductases and to other CAZymes. A 65 kDa glucoamylase of family GH15 (TpGA1) showed the highest fold change (tenfold increase in starch). This enzyme contains a conserved active site and showed extensive N-glycosylation. This study increases the knowledge on the extracellular hydrolytic enzymes of basidiomycetous yeasts and, in particular, establishes T. pullulans as a potential source of carbohydrate-active enzymes. KEY POINTS: • Tausonia pullulans genome harbors a high number of genes coding for CAZymes. • Among CAZy domains/families, the glycoside hydrolases are the most abundant. • Secretome analysis in glucose or starch as main C sources identified 98 proteins. • A 65 kDa GH15 glucoamylase showed the highest fold increase upon culture in starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Trochine
- Centro de Referencia en Levaduras Y Tecnología Cervecera (CRELTEC), Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas Y Geoambientales (IPATEC), CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, (CP8400) San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina.
| | - Nicolás Bellora
- Instituto de Tecnologías Nucleares Para La Salud (INTECNUS), RP82, (CP8400) San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Paula Nizovoy
- Centro de Referencia en Levaduras Y Tecnología Cervecera (CRELTEC), Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas Y Geoambientales (IPATEC), CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, (CP8400) San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Rosario Duran
- Institut Pasteur de Montevideo (IPMont), Mataojo 2020, (CP11400), Montevideo, Uruguay
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avenida Italia 3318, (CP 11600), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gonzalo Greif
- Institut Pasteur de Montevideo (IPMont), Mataojo 2020, (CP11400), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Virginia de García
- Instituto de Investigación Y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos, Biotecnología y Energías Alternativas (PROBIEN), Buenos Aires 1400, (CP8300), Neuquén, Argentina
| | - Carlos Batthyany
- Institut Pasteur de Montevideo (IPMont), Mataojo 2020, (CP11400), Montevideo, Uruguay
- Facultad de Medicina (UDELAR), Av. Gral. Flores 2125, (CP1180), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carlos Robello
- Institut Pasteur de Montevideo (IPMont), Mataojo 2020, (CP11400), Montevideo, Uruguay
- Facultad de Medicina (UDELAR), Av. Gral. Flores 2125, (CP1180), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Diego Libkind
- Centro de Referencia en Levaduras Y Tecnología Cervecera (CRELTEC), Instituto Andino Patagónico de Tecnologías Biológicas Y Geoambientales (IPATEC), CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, (CP8400) San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
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Pectin extraction from lime pomace by cold-active polygalacturonase-assisted method. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:290-298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ruscasso F, Cavello I, Curutchet G, Cavalitto S. Antarctic yeasts: potential use in a biologic treatment of textile azo dyes. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:18. [PMID: 38647816 PMCID: PMC10991636 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00507-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the dye-removal potential of a collection of 61 cold-adapted yeasts from the King George Island, Antarctica, on agar plates supplemented with 100 mg L-1 of several textile dyes; among which isolates 81% decolorized Reactive Black 5 (RB-5), with 56% decolorizing Reactive Orange 16, but only 26% doing so with Reactive Blue 19 and Acid Blue 74. Furthermore, we evaluated the ligninolytic potential using 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic-acid) diammonium salt-, 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehydazine-, or manganese-supplemented plates but detected no activity, possibly due to a dye-removal mechanism involving reductases. The removal kinetics were studied in liquid medium supplemented with 100 mg L-1 of RB-5 in a selection of 9 yeasts. The highest volumetric-removal rates (η) were found for Candida sake 41E (4.14 mg L-1 h-1), Leucosporidium muscorum F20A (3.90 mg L-1 h-1), and Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum F13E (3.90 mg L-1 h-1). Different UV-Vis spectra were obtained if the dye removal occurred by biodegradation or biosorption/bioaccumulation. L. muscorum F20A was selected to study the dye-removal mechanism of RB-5 and the effect of different chemical and environmental parameters on the process. Optimum dye-removal conditions were obtained with 10 g L-1 of glucose within an initial medium pH range of 5.0 to 6.0. Up to 700 mg L-1 of dye could be removed in 45 h. High-performance liquid chromatography profiles obtained were consistent with a biodegradation of the dye. Phytotoxicity was estimated by calculating the 50%-inhibition concentration (IC50) with Lactuca sativa L. seeds. These findings propose psychrophilic yeasts as a novel environmentally suitable alternative for the treatment of dye-industry wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ruscasso
- Centro de Investigación Y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), UNLP, CCT La Plata-CONICET, Calle 47 y 115, 1900, La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - I Cavello
- Centro de Investigación Y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), UNLP, CCT La Plata-CONICET, Calle 47 y 115, 1900, La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - G Curutchet
- Instituto de Investigación E Ingeniería Ambiental -IIIA, UNSAM, CONICET, Campus Miguelete, 25 de mayo y Francia, 1650, San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Escuela de Ciencia Y Tecnología E Instituto de Investigación E Ingeniería Ambiental, UNASM, CONICET, Av. 25 de Mayo y Francia, 1650, San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S Cavalitto
- Centro de Investigación Y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), UNLP, CCT La Plata-CONICET, Calle 47 y 115, 1900, La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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DA SILVA MAYANNEKARLA, DA SILVA AVERLANEV, FERNANDEZ PAULAM, MONTONE ROSALINDAC, ALVES RODRIGOP, DE QUEIROZ ALINEC, DE OLIVEIRA VALÉRIAM, DOS SANTOS VIVIANEP, PUTZKE JAIR, ROSA LUIZHENRIQUE, DUARTE ALYSSONW. Extracellular hydrolytic enzymes produced by yeasts from Antarctic lichens. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20210540. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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10
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Ianieva O, Podgorsky V. Enological potential of non- Saccharomyces yeast strains of enological and brewery origin from Ukrainian Collection of Microorganisms. Mycology 2021; 12:203-215. [PMID: 34552811 PMCID: PMC8451676 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2020.1837272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-conventional wine yeasts are extensively studied as promising producers of hydrolytic enzymes and as potential starter cultures in winemaking due to their ability to improve organoleptic properties of wine. Thirty-six yeast strains of enological and brewery origin from the Ukrainian Collection of Microorganisms belonging to Torulaspora, Kloeckera, Candida, Metschnikowia, Pichia, and Zygosaccharomyces genera have been screened for the production of extracellular hydrolases, stress tolerance, fermentative activity, and other traits of enological interest. This study revealed the high incidence of lipolytic, proteolytic, and β-glucosidase activities among the yeasts, while no pectinase activity was detected. Esterase, cellulase and glucanase activities were found in a small proportion of yeasts (8.33–16.66%). Several Pichia anomala, Kloekera javanica, Pichia membranifaciens, and Metschnikowia pulcherrima strains demonstrated a wide range of hydrolytic activities. High tolerance to stress factors (ethanol, osmotic, and oxidative stress) present during alcoholic fermentation was detected in P. anomala and M. pulcherrima strains. Fermentative activity of several yeast strains was evaluated in microfermentations in a model semi-synthetic medium. Strain P. anomala UCM Y-216 was selected as the most promising culture for winemaking due to its hydrolytic activities, tolerance to stress factors and other valuable metabolic traits. This study represents the first step for selecting a non-conventional yeast strain of enological origin as a potential co-culture for winemaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Ianieva
- Department of Physiology of Industrial Microorganisms, Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Valentin Podgorsky
- Department of Physiology of Industrial Microorganisms, Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Fungal diversity in the coastal waters of King George Island (maritime Antarctica). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:142. [PMID: 34322842 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fungi have been reported as common inhabitants of the maritime waters in Antarctica by studies based on culture-dependent methods. More recently, results obtained using DNA sequencing technologies, revealed that fungal diversity worldwide has been underestimated by culture methods. The present study provides the first characterization of fungal communities in the coastal waters of King George Island (maritime Antarctica) using both culture-dependent and high-throughput sequencing (HTS) methods. HTS demostrated a higher level of fungal diversity than the obtained by culture methods. A high prevalence of basidiomycetous yeasts and ascomycetous filamentous fungi was confirmed by both methods, however, Chythriomycota, Rozellomycota, lichenized fungi and Malassezia spp. were detected only by HTS. Correspondingly, members of some genera, such as Metschnikowia, were only found by culture-dependent methods. Our results confirm that culturing and HTS, should be seen as complementary approaches that enable one to obtain a more comprehensive picture of the composition of microbial communities.
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Rönnander J, Wright SAI. Growth of wood-inhabiting yeasts of the Faroe Islands in the presence of spent sulphite liquor. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2021; 114:649-666. [PMID: 33851316 PMCID: PMC8137469 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01543-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In the microbial community of decaying wood, yeasts are important for the recycling of nutrients. Nevertheless, information on their biodiversity in this niche in the Northern hemisphere is limited. Wood-colonising yeasts encounter identical and similar growth-inhibitory compounds as those in spent sulphite liquor (SSL), an energy-rich, acid hydrolysate and waste product from the paper industry, which may render them well-suited for cultivation in SSL. In the present study, yeasts were isolated from decaying wood on the Faroe Islands and identified based on sequence homology of the ITS and D1/D2 regions. Among the yeasts isolated, Candida argentea, Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum, Naganishia albidosimilis, Naganishia onofrii, Holtermanniella takashimae and Goffeauzyma gastrica were new to decaying wood in cold and temperate climates. C. argentea and Rhodotorula are rarely-isolated species, with no previous documentation from cold and maritime climates. The isolates were further tested for growth in a medium with increasing concentrations of softwood SSL. Most grew in the presence of 10% SSL. Isolates of Debaryomyces sp., C. argentea and Rhodotorula sp. were the most tolerant. Representatives of Debaryomyces and Rhodotorula have previously been found in decaying wood. In contrast, the least tolerant isolates belonged to species that are rarely reported from decaying wood. The relative importance of individual inhibitors to yeast growth is discussed. To our knowledge, none of the present yeast species have previously been cultivated in SSL medium. Decaying wood can be a useful future source of yeasts for valorisation of various hydrolysates to industrial chemicals and biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Rönnander
- Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, University of Gävle, 80176, Gävle, Sweden
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Ruscasso F, Bezus B, Garmendia G, Vero S, Curutchet G, Cavello I, Cavalitto S. Debaryomyces hansenii F39A as biosorbent for textile dye removal. Rev Argent Microbiol 2021; 53:257-265. [PMID: 33454152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Many industries generate a considerable amount of wastewater containing toxic and recalcitrant dyes. The main objective of this research was to examine the biosorption capacity of Reactive Blue 19 and Reactive Red 141 by the Antarctic yeast Debaryomyces hansenii F39A biomass. Some variables, including pH, dye concentration, amount of adsorbent and contact time, were studied. The equilibrium sorption capacity of the biomass increased with increasing initial dye concentration up to 350mg/l. Experimental isotherms fit the Langmuir model and the maximum uptake capacity (qmax) for the selected dyes was in the range of 0.0676-0.169mmol/g biomass. At an initial dye concentration of 100mg/l, 2g/l biomass loading and 20±1°C, D. hansenii F39A adsorbed around 90% of Reactive Red 141 and 50% of Reactive Blue 19 at pH 6.0. When biomass loading was increased (6g/l), the uptake reached up to 90% for Reactive Blue 19. The dye uptake process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetics for each dye system. As seen throughout this research study, D. hansenii has the potential to efficiently and effectively remove dyes in a biosorption process and may be an alternative to other costly materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Ruscasso
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), CONICET-UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 50 y 115 (1900), La Plata, Bs As, Argentina
| | - Brenda Bezus
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), CONICET-UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 50 y 115 (1900), La Plata, Bs As, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Garmendia
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Silvana Vero
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gustavo Curutchet
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional de San Martin, CONICET, Buenos Aires 1650, Argentina
| | - Ivana Cavello
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), CONICET-UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 50 y 115 (1900), La Plata, Bs As, Argentina.
| | - Sebastián Cavalitto
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Fermentaciones Industriales (CINDEFI), CONICET-UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 50 y 115 (1900), La Plata, Bs As, Argentina
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Deka D, Sonowal S, Chikkaputtaiah C, Velmurugan N. Symbiotic Associations: Key Factors That Determine Physiology and Lipid Accumulation in Oleaginous Microorganisms. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:555312. [PMID: 33391195 PMCID: PMC7772188 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.555312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Symbiosis naturally provides an opportunity for microorganisms to live together by mutual or one-way benefit. In symbiotic relationships, the microorganisms usually overcome the limitations of being free-living. Understanding the symbiotic relationships of oleaginous microorganisms provides potential route for the sustainable production of microbial-based alternative fuels. So far, several studies have been conducted in oleaginous microorganisms for the production of alternative fuels. However, some oleaginous microorganisms require high quantity of nutrients for their growth, and high level of energy and chemicals for harvest and separation of lipid bodies. Symbiotic associations can successfully be applied to address these issues. Of symbiotic associations, lichens and selective species of oleaginous endosymbiotic mucoromycotina have received substantial interest as better models to study the evolutionary relationships as well as single-cell oil production. Construction of artificial lichen system composed of cyanobacteria and oleaginous yeast has been achieved for sustainable production of lipids with minimum energy demand. Recently, endosymbiotic mucoromycotina species have been recognized as potential sources for biofuels. Studies found that endohyphal bacterium influences lipid profiling in endosymbiotic mucoromycotina species. Studies on the genetic factors related to oleaginous characteristics of endosymbiotic mucoromycotina species are scarce. In this regard, this review summarizes the different forms of symbiotic associations of oleaginous microorganisms and how symbiotic relationships are impacting the lipid formation in microorganisms. Further, the review also highlights the importance of evolutionary relationships and benefits of co-culturing (artificial symbiosis) approaches for sustainable production of biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepi Deka
- Biological Sciences Division, Branch Laboratory-Itanagar, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Naharlagun, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat, India
| | - Shashanka Sonowal
- Biological Sciences Division, Branch Laboratory-Itanagar, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Naharlagun, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat, India
| | - Channakeshavaiah Chikkaputtaiah
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat, India
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, India
| | - Natarajan Velmurugan
- Biological Sciences Division, Branch Laboratory-Itanagar, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Naharlagun, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat, India
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Evaluation of BOX-PCR and REP-PCR as Molecular Typing Tools for Antarctic Streptomyces. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:3573-3581. [PMID: 32939638 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Molecular studies led to the resurgence of natural products research from genus Streptomyces, already known for their long history and importance for the pharmaceutical industry. However, species belonging to this genus are difficult to identify and the most commonly used techniques, which are based on 16S rRNA sequencing, do not discriminate between related species. In this work, amplification profiles generated from BOX-PCR and REP-PCR of 49 Antarctic soil streptomycetes were compared to evaluate the diversity present in the group and to characterize the bacterial isolates, along with some 16S rRNA amplifications. The BOX-A1R primer exhibit clearer amplification fragments, different from the amplification patterns obtained using the REP 1R and 2R primers. A higher diversity was observed with REP-PCR amplifications, even though a larger number of fragments was obtained with BOX-A1R primer amplifications. There are at least four isolates that showed great similarity (about 90%) in both techniques. In other hand, there are two others that are 90% similar in BOX-PCR, but distant in REP-PCR, showing only 40% of similarity. Results of the combination of BOX-PCR and REP-PCR represent a simple and low-cost method to discriminate between Streptomyces strains. There is no species identification with only the 16S rRNA, most isolates seem to be related to S. globisporus. Further studies added to the obtained results may provide better data to help the characterization of these microorganisms.
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Shi G, Sun H, Calderón-Urrea A, Jia X, Yang H, Su G. Soil Fungal Diversity Loss and Appearance of Specific Fungal Pathogenic Communities Associated With the Consecutive Replant Problem (CRP) in Lily. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1649. [PMID: 32760386 PMCID: PMC7373732 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Edible lily (Lilium davidii var. unicolor) has economic value in China, particularly in Gansu Province, due to its uses as food and in gardening. Edible lily is usually cultivated in a long-term continuous monoculture resulting in the so-called consecutive replant problem (CRP), which is associated with severe soil degradation and significant yield and quality losses. This study was conducted to investigate the fungal community structure and specific fungal members related to lily's CRPs using metabarcoding analysis. Fungal diversity of rhizosphere soil was analyzed by high-throughput DNA sequencing (Miseq) of samples collected in fields at 0, 3, 6, and 9 replant years (L0, L3, L6, and L9, respectively). The results show that long-term replanting significantly decreased both soil fungal diversity and abundance at the OTUs levels. Furthermore, replanting altered the soil microbial communities, where 4 to 5 years of replanting is a key transition period for substantial change of fungal community structure, resulting in new fungal community structures in L6 and L9 compared to in L0 and L3. The fungal diversity loss and fungal community structure simplification contributes to the negative effect of replanting in lily, and after 6 years of replanting, accumulation of highly abundant pathogenic fungal genera and depletion of the putative plant-beneficial fungal genera exacerbate the lily CRP. In addition, changes in the soil physiochemical properties strongly contributes to the new structure of fungal communities, and the genera Cryptococcus and Guehomyces could be regarded as potential indicators to monitor and manage sustainable soil health in the lily cropping system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiying Shi
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongqiang Sun
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Alejandro Calderón-Urrea
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Mathematics, California State University, Fresno, Fresno, CA, United States
| | - Xixia Jia
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guoli Su
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Gonda M, Garmendia G, Rufo C, Peláez ÁL, Wisniewski M, Droby S, Vero S. Biocontrol of Aspergillus flavus in Ensiled Sorghum by Water Kefir Microorganisms. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7080253. [PMID: 31405185 PMCID: PMC6722955 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7080253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity of microorganisms from water kefir (WK) to control Aspergillus flavus growth during the aerobic phase of ensiled sorghum grains was determined. Sorghum inoculated with A. flavus was treated with filter-sterilized and non-sterilized water kefir, ensiled, and incubated 7 days at 25 °C. A. flavus growth was quantified by qPCR after incubation. Mold growth was inhibited in the presence of water kefir while no inhibition was observed when filter-sterilized water kefir was applied, demonstrating the relevant role of the microorganisms in the kefir water in the biocontrol process. Fungal and bacterial diversity in treated sorghum mini-silos was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. Firmicutes was the predominant bacterial phyla and Lactobacillus represented the most abundant genus, while Ascomycota was the predominant fungal phyla with Saccharomyces and Pichia as the major genera. Bacterial and yeast counts before and after incubation indicated that the microbial community obtained from WK was able to grow in the sorghum mini-silos in the presence of A. flavus. Results of the present work indicate that the use of a mixed inoculum of microorganisms present in WK may represent an alternative management practice to avoid the growth of A. flavus in ensiled sorghum grains and the concomitant contamination with aflatoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Gonda
- Área Microbiología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Gabriela Garmendia
- Área Microbiología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Caterina Rufo
- Instituto Polo Tecnológico, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, By Pass Ruta 8 s/n, Pando, 8 Canelones 90000, Uruguay
| | - Ángela León Peláez
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 47 y 115, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Michael Wisniewski
- Appalachian Fruit Research Station, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Wiltshire Road Kearneysville, WV 25443, USA
| | - Samir Droby
- Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Department of Postharvest Science, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Silvana Vero
- Área Microbiología, Departamento de Biociencias, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral Flores 2124, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay.
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Alvarez A, Gelezoglo R, Garmendia G, González ML, Magnoli AP, Arrarte E, Cavaglieri LR, Vero S. Role of Antarctic yeast in biocontrol of Penicillium expansum and patulin reduction of apples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42398-019-00081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Martinez-Silveira A, Villarreal R, Garmendia G, Rufo C, Vero S. Process conditions for a rapid in situ transesterification for biodiesel production from oleaginous yeasts. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Vero S, Garmendia G, Martínez-Silveira A, Cavello I, Wisniewski M. Yeast Activities Involved in Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles in Antarctica. SPRINGER POLAR SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02786-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Metabarcoding analysis of the fungal biodiversity associated with Castaño Overa Glacier – Mount Tronador, Patagonia, Argentina. FUNGAL ECOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Taxonomy and richness of yeasts associated with angiosperms, bryophytes, and meltwater biofilms collected in the Antarctic Peninsula. Extremophiles 2018; 23:151-159. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-018-1069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Shanmugavel M, Vasantharaj S, Yazhmozhi A, Bhavsar P, Aswin P, Felshia C, Mani U, Ranganathan B, Gnanamani A. A study on pectinases from Aspergillus tamarii: Toward greener approach for cotton bioscouring and phytopigments processing. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Baeza M, Barahona S, Alcaíno J, Cifuentes V. Amplicon-Metagenomic Analysis of Fungi from Antarctic Terrestrial Habitats. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2235. [PMID: 29184546 PMCID: PMC5694453 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In cold environments such as polar regions, microorganisms play important ecological roles, and most of our knowledge about them comes from studies of cultivable microorganisms. Metagenomic technologies are powerful tools that can give a more comprehensive assessment of microbial communities, and the amplification of rDNA followed by next-generation sequencing has given good results in studies aimed particularly at environmental microorganisms. Culture-independent studies of microbiota in terrestrial habitats of Antarctica, which is considered the driest, coldest climate on Earth, are increasing and indicate that micro-diversity is much higher than previously thought. In this work, the microbial diversity of terrestrial habitats including eight islands of the South Shetland Archipelago, two islands on the Antarctic Peninsula and Union Glacier, was studied by amplicon-metagenome analysis. Molecular analysis of the studied localities clustered together the islands of the South Shetland Archipelago, except Greenwich Island, and separated them from the Litchfield and Lagotellerie islands and Union Glacier, which is in agreement with the latitudinal difference among them. Among fungi, 87 genera and 123 species were found, of which species belonging to 37 fungal genera not previously cultivated from Antarctica were detected. Phylogenetic analysis, including the closest BLAST-hit sequences, clustered fungi in 11 classes being the most represented Lecanoromycetes and Eurotiomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Baeza
- Laboratorio de Genética, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Degrune F, Theodorakopoulos N, Colinet G, Hiel MP, Bodson B, Taminiau B, Daube G, Vandenbol M, Hartmann M. Temporal Dynamics of Soil Microbial Communities below the Seedbed under Two Contrasting Tillage Regimes. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1127. [PMID: 28674527 PMCID: PMC5474472 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural productivity relies on a wide range of ecosystem services provided by the soil biota. Plowing is a fundamental component of conventional farming, but long-term detrimental effects such as soil erosion and loss of soil organic matter have been recognized. Moving towards more sustainable management practices such as reduced tillage or crop residue retention can reduce these detrimental effects, but will also influence structure and function of the soil microbiota with direct consequences for the associated ecosystem services. Although there is increasing evidence that different tillage regimes alter the soil microbiome, we have a limited understanding of the temporal dynamics of these effects. Here, we used high-throughput sequencing of bacterial and fungal ribosomal markers to explore changes in soil microbial community structure under two contrasting tillage regimes (conventional and reduced tillage) either with or without crop residue retention. Soil samples were collected over the growing season of two crops (Vicia faba and Triticum aestivum) below the seedbed (15-20 cm). Tillage, crop and growing stage were significant determinants of microbial community structure, but the impact of tillage showed only moderate temporal dependency. Whereas the tillage effect on soil bacteria showed some temporal dependency and became less strong at later growing stages, the tillage effect on soil fungi was more consistent over time. Crop residue retention had only a minor influence on the community. Six years after the conversion from conventional to reduced tillage, soil moisture contents and nutrient levels were significantly lower under reduced than under conventional tillage. These changes in edaphic properties were related to specific shifts in microbial community structure. Notably, bacterial groups featuring copiotrophic lifestyles or potentially carrying the ability to degrade more recalcitrant compounds were favored under conventional tillage, whereas taxa featuring more oligotrophic lifestyles were more abundant under reduced tillage. Our study found that, under the specific edaphic and climatic context of central Belgium, different tillage regimes created different ecological niches that select for different microbial lifestyles with potential consequences for the ecosystem services provided to the plants and their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florine Degrune
- Microbiology and Genomics, Department of AGROBIOCHEM, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of LiègeGembloux, Belgium
- TERRA-AgricultureIsLife, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of LiègeGembloux, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Theodorakopoulos
- Microbiology and Genomics, Department of AGROBIOCHEM, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of LiègeGembloux, Belgium
| | - Gilles Colinet
- Exchanges Ecosystems – Atmosphere, Department of BIOSE, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of LiègeGembloux, Belgium
| | - Marie-Pierre Hiel
- Microbiology and Genomics, Department of AGROBIOCHEM, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of LiègeGembloux, Belgium
- Crop Sciences, Department of AGROBIOCHEM, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of LiègeGembloux, Belgium
| | - Bernard Bodson
- Crop Sciences, Department of AGROBIOCHEM, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of LiègeGembloux, Belgium
| | | | - Georges Daube
- Food Microbiology, University of LiègeLiège, Belgium
| | - Micheline Vandenbol
- Microbiology and Genomics, Department of AGROBIOCHEM, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of LiègeGembloux, Belgium
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSLBirmensdorf, Switzerland
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Pectinolytic yeasts from cold environments: novel findings of Guehomyces pullulans, Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum and Cryptococcus adeliensis producing pectinases. Extremophiles 2016; 21:319-329. [PMID: 28004216 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-016-0904-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and three yeasts isolated from soil samples from King George Island and Tierra del Fuego province were screened in relation with their capability to produce pectinolytic enzymes. Although all the yeasts showed well-developed colonies at 20 °C, only eight showed a clear halo around the colony, indicative of pectin degradation. A secondary screening demonstrated that only four yeasts were capable to produce pectinases at low temperatures (8 °C). It could be seen that the selected yeasts were able to grow and produce high levels of polygalacturonase activity when submerged fermentations were performed using pectin-containing fruit wastes as substrates. None of the strains produced neither lyase nor rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase activities. Regarding pectin esterase activity, it was only produced in lower amounts by G. pullulans 8E (0.022 U ml-1). A TLC analysis of the substrate cleavage pattern of the pectinolytic systems was consistent with an endo-type activity. The clarification of apple juice was only accomplished by G. pullulans pectinolytic system, with a clarification of 80% (%T650) using 4 U/ml of enzyme at 20 °C. As far as we concern this work describes for the first time the production of pectinases by the cold-adapted yeasts species Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum, Cryptococcus adeliensis and G. pullulans.
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