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Márton Z, Csitári B, Felföldi T, Hidas A, Jordán F, Szabó A, Székely AJ. Contrasting response of microeukaryotic and bacterial communities to the interplay of seasonality and local stressors in shallow soda lakes. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2023; 99:fiad095. [PMID: 37586889 PMCID: PMC10449373 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonal environmental variation is a leading driver of microbial planktonic community assembly and interactions. However, departures from usual seasonal trends are often reported. To understand the role of local stressors in modifying seasonal succession, we sampled fortnightly, throughout three seasons, five nearby shallow soda lakes exposed to identical seasonal and meteorological changes. We characterised their microeukaryotic and bacterial communities by amplicon sequencing of the 16S and 18S rRNA gene, respectively. Biological interactions were inferred by analyses of synchronous and time-shifted interaction networks, and the keystone taxa of the communities were topologically identified. The lakes showed similar succession patterns during the study period with spring being characterised by the relevance of trophic interactions and a certain level of community stability followed by a more dynamic and variable summer-autumn period. Adaptation to general seasonal changes happened through shared core microbiome of the lakes. Stochastic events such as desiccation disrupted common network attributes and introduced shifts from the prevalent seasonal trajectory. Our results demonstrated that, despite being extreme and highly variable habitats, shallow soda lakes exhibit certain similarities in the seasonality of their planktonic communities, yet local stressors such as droughts instigate deviations from prevalent trends to a greater extent for microeukaryotic than for bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Márton
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, H-1113 Budapest, Hungary
- National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change, Centre for Ecological Research, H-1113 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bianka Csitári
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, H-1113 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Hidas
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, H-1113 Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Jordán
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Attila Szabó
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, H-1113 Budapest, Hungary
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna J Székely
- Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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Fernández-López MG, Batista-García RA, Aréchiga-Carvajal ET. Alkaliphilic/Alkali-Tolerant Fungi: Molecular, Biochemical, and Biotechnological Aspects. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:652. [PMID: 37367588 DOI: 10.3390/jof9060652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biotechnologist interest in extremophile microorganisms has increased in recent years. Alkaliphilic and alkali-tolerant fungi that resist alkaline pH are among these. Alkaline environments, both terrestrial and aquatic, can be created by nature or by human activities. Aspergillus nidulans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are the two eukaryotic organisms whose pH-dependent gene regulation has received the most study. In both biological models, the PacC transcription factor activates the Pal/Rim pathway through two successive proteolytic mechanisms. PacC is a repressor of acid-expressed genes and an activator of alkaline-expressed genes when it is in an active state. It appears, however, that these are not the only mechanisms associated with pH adaptations in alkali-tolerant fungi. These fungi produce enzymes that are resistant to harsh conditions, i.e., alkaline pH, and can be used in technological processes, such as in the textile, paper, detergent, food, pharmaceutical, and leather tanning industries, as well as in bioremediation of pollutants. Consequently, it is essential to understand how these fungi maintain intracellular homeostasis and the signaling pathways that activate the physiological mechanisms of alkali resistance in fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maikel Gilberto Fernández-López
- Unidad de Manipulación Genética, Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66451, Mexico
| | - Ramón Alberto Batista-García
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
| | - Elva Teresa Aréchiga-Carvajal
- Unidad de Manipulación Genética, Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza 66451, Mexico
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Korponai K, Szuróczki S, Márton Z, Szabó A, Morais PV, Proença DN, Tóth E, Boros E, Márialigeti K, Felföldi T. Habitat distribution of the genus Belliella in continental waters and the description of Belliella alkalica sp. nov., Belliella calami sp. nov. and Belliella filtrata sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37326610 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Belliella belongs to the family Cyclobacteriaceae (order Cytophagales, phylum Bacteroidota) and harbours aerobic chemoheterotrophic bacteria. Members of this genus were isolated from various aquatic habitats, and our analysis based on global amplicon sequencing data revealed that their relative abundance can reach up to 5-10 % of the bacterioplankton in soda lakes and pans. Although a remarkable fraction of the most frequent genotypes that we identified from continental aquatic habitats is still uncultured, five new alkaliphilic Belliella strains were characterized in detail in this study, which were isolated from three different soda lakes and pans of the Carpathian Basin (Hungary). Cells of all strains were Gram-stain-negative, obligate aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile and non-spore-forming. The isolates were oxidase- and catalase-positive, red-coloured, but did not contain flexirubin-type pigments; they formed bright red colonies that were circular, smooth and convex. Their major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7 and the predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 containing C16 : 1 ω6c and/or C16 : 1 ω7c. The polar lipid profiles contained phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminophospholipid, an unidentified glycolipid, and several unidentified lipids and aminolipids. Based on whole-genome sequences, the DNA G+C content was 37.0, 37.1 and 37.8 mol % for strains R4-6T, DMA-N-10aT and U6F3T, respectively. The distinction of three new species was confirmed by in silico genomic comparison. Orthologous average nucleotide identity (<85.4 %) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values (<38.9 %) supported phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and 16S rRNA gene sequence data and, therefore, the following three novel species are proposed: Belliella alkalica sp. nov. (represented by strains R4-6T=DSM 111903T=JCM 34281T=UCCCB122T and S4-10), Belliella calami sp. nov. (DMA-N-10aT=DSM 107340T=JCM 34280T=UCCCB121T) and Belliella filtrata sp. nov. (U6F3T=DSM 111904T=JCM 34282T=UCCCB123T and U6F1). Emended descriptions of species Belliella aquatica, Belliella baltica, Belliella buryatensis, Belliella kenyensis and Belliella pelovolcani are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristóf Korponai
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Brunszvik utca 2, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Sára Szuróczki
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Márton
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Szabó
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lennart Hjelms Vag 9, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paula V Morais
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diogo Neves Proença
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Erika Tóth
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emil Boros
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Károly Márialigeti
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary
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Pellegrinetti TA, Cotta SR, Sarmento H, Costa JS, Delbaje E, Montes CR, Camargo PB, Barbiero L, Rezende-Filho AT, Fiore MF. Bacterial Communities Along Environmental Gradients in Tropical Soda Lakes. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:892-903. [PMID: 35916937 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02086-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Soda lake environments are known to be variable and can have distinct differences according to geographical location. In this study, we investigated the effects of different environmental conditions of six adjacent soda lakes in the Pantanal biome (Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil) on bacterial communities and their functioning using a metagenomic approach combined with flow cytometry and chemical analyses. Ordination analysis using flow cytometry and water chemistry data from two sampling periods (wet and dry) clustered soda lakes into three different profiles: eutrophic turbid (ET), oligotrophic turbid (OT), and clear vegetated oligotrophic (CVO). Analysis of bacterial community composition and functioning corroborated this ordination; the exception was one ET lake, which was similar to one OT lake during the wet season, indicating drastic shifts between seasons. Microbial abundance and diversity increased during the dry period, along with a considerable number of limnological variables, all indicative of a strong effect of the precipitation-evaporation balance in these systems. Cyanobacteria were associated with high electric conductivity, pH, and nutrient availability, whereas Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Betaproteobacteria were correlated with landscape morphology variability (surface water, surface perimeter, and lake volume) and with lower salinity and pH levels. Stress response metabolism was enhanced in OT and ET lakes and underrepresented in CVO lakes. The microbiome dataset of this study can serve as a baseline for restoring impacted soda lakes. Altogether, the results of this study demonstrate the sensitivity of tropical soda lakes to climate change, as slight changes in hydrological regimes might produce drastic shifts in community diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry A Pellegrinetti
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenário 303, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13416-000, Brazil
| | - Simone R Cotta
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenário 303, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13416-000, Brazil
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Department of Hydrobiology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Juliana S Costa
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenário 303, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13416-000, Brazil
| | - Endrews Delbaje
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenário 303, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13416-000, Brazil
| | - Celia R Montes
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenário 303, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13416-000, Brazil
| | - Plinio B Camargo
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenário 303, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13416-000, Brazil
| | - Laurent Barbiero
- The Observatory Midi-Pyrénées, Geoscience Environment Toulouse, Research Institute for Development, The National Center for Research Scientific, Paul Sabatier University, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Ary T Rezende-Filho
- Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism and Geography, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Marli F Fiore
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenário 303, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13416-000, Brazil.
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Moopantakath J, Imchen M, Anju VT, Busi S, Dyavaiah M, Martínez-Espinosa RM, Kumavath R. Bioactive molecules from haloarchaea: Scope and prospects for industrial and therapeutic applications. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1113540. [PMID: 37065149 PMCID: PMC10102575 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1113540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine environments and salty inland ecosystems encompass various environmental conditions, such as extremes of temperature, salinity, pH, pressure, altitude, dry conditions, and nutrient scarcity. The extremely halophilic archaea (also called haloarchaea) are a group of microorganisms requiring high salt concentrations (2–6 M NaCl) for optimal growth. Haloarchaea have different metabolic adaptations to withstand these extreme conditions. Among the adaptations, several vesicles, granules, primary and secondary metabolites are produced that are highly significant in biotechnology, such as carotenoids, halocins, enzymes, and granules of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Among halophilic enzymes, reductases play a significant role in the textile industry and the degradation of hydrocarbon compounds. Enzymes like dehydrogenases, glycosyl hydrolases, lipases, esterases, and proteases can also be used in several industrial procedures. More recently, several studies stated that carotenoids, gas vacuoles, and liposomes produced by haloarchaea have specific applications in medicine and pharmacy. Additionally, the production of biodegradable and biocompatible polymers by haloarchaea to store carbon makes them potent candidates to be used as cell factories in the industrial production of bioplastics. Furthermore, some haloarchaeal species can synthesize nanoparticles during heavy metal detoxification, thus shedding light on a new approach to producing nanoparticles on a large scale. Recent studies also highlight that exopolysaccharides from haloarchaea can bind the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This review explores the potential of haloarchaea in the industry and biotechnology as cellular factories to upscale the production of diverse bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamseel Moopantakath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kerala, India
| | - Madangchanok Imchen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - V. T. Anju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Siddhardha Busi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Madhu Dyavaiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa
- Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Edaphology and Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies “Ramón Margalef”, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Rosa María Martínez-Espinosa,
| | - Ranjith Kumavath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kerala, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
- *Correspondence: Ranjith Kumavath, ,
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Márton Z, Szabó B, Vad CF, Pálffy K, Horváth Z. Environmental changes associated with drying climate are expected to affect functional groups of pro- and microeukaryotes differently in temporary saline waters. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3243. [PMID: 36828901 PMCID: PMC9957990 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30385-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporary ponds are among the most sensitive aquatic habitats to climate change. Their microbial communities have crucial roles in food webs and biogeochemical cycling, yet how their communities are assembled along environmental gradients is still understudied. This study aimed to reveal the environmental drivers of diversity (OTU-based richness, evenness, and phylogenetic diversity) and community composition from a network of saline temporary ponds, soda pans, in two consecutive spring seasons characterized by contrasting weather conditions. We used DNA-based molecular methods to investigate microbial community composition. We tested the effect of environmental variables on the diversity of prokaryotic (Bacteria, Cyanobacteria) and microeukaryotic functional groups (ciliates, heterotrophic flagellates and nanoflagellates, fungi, phytoplankton) within and across the years. Conductivity and the concentration of total suspended solids and phosphorus were the most important environmental variables affecting diversity patterns in all functional groups. Environmental conditions were harsher and they also had a stronger impact on community composition in the dry spring. Our results imply that these conditions, which are becoming more frequent with climate change, have a negative effect on microbial diversity in temporary saline ponds. This eventually might translate into community-level shifts across trophic groups with changing local conditions with implications for ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Márton
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113, Budapest, Hungary. .,National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113, Budapest, Hungary. .,Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Beáta Szabó
- grid.481817.3Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary ,grid.481817.3National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba F. Vad
- grid.481817.3Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary ,grid.481817.3National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Károly Pálffy
- grid.481817.3Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary ,grid.481817.3National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Horváth
- grid.481817.3Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary ,grid.481817.3National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, 1113 Budapest, Hungary ,grid.5591.80000 0001 2294 6276ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest, 1113 Hungary ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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ZeinEldin RA, Ahmed MM, Hassanein WS, Elshafey N, Sofy AR, Hamedo HA, Elnosary ME. Diversity and Distribution Characteristics of Viruses from Soda Lakes. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020323. [PMID: 36833250 PMCID: PMC9957498 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses are the most abundant living things and a source of genetic variation. Despite recent research, we know little about their biodiversity and geographic distribution. We used different bioinformatics tools, MG-RAST, genome detective web tools, and GenomeVx, to describe the first metagenomic examination of haloviruses in Wadi Al-Natrun. The discovered viromes had remarkably different taxonomic compositions. Most sequences were derived from double-stranded DNA viruses, especially from Myoviridae, Podoviridae, Siphoviridae, Herpesviridae, Bicaudaviridae, and Phycodnaviridae families; single-stranded DNA viruses, especially from the family Microviridae; and positive-strand RNA viruses, especially from the family Potyviridae. Additionally, our results showed that Myohalovirus chaoS9 has eight Contigs and is annotated to 18 proteins as follows: tail sheath protein, tco, nep, five uncharacterized proteins, HCO, major capsid protein, putative pro head protease protein, putative head assembly protein, CxxC motive protein, terl, HTH domain protein, and terS Exon 2. Additionally, Halorubrum phage CGphi46 has 19 proteins in the brine sample as follows: portal protein, 17 hypothetical proteins, major capsid protein, etc. This study reveals viral lineages, suggesting the Virus's global dispersal more than other microorganisms. Our study clarifies how viral communities are connected and how the global environment changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadan A. ZeinEldin
- Deanship of Scientific Research, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence: (R.A.Z.); (M.E.E.)
| | - Marwa M. Ahmed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Girls Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80204, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael S. Hassanein
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80204, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naglaa Elshafey
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Arish University, Al-Arish 45511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R. Sofy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Hend A. Hamedo
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Arish University, Al-Arish 45511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Elnosary
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Correspondence: (R.A.Z.); (M.E.E.)
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Wang M, Zhang X, Shu Z, Wang Z, Tao Y, Lv C, Zhu D, Shen G. Bacterial and archaeal communities within the alkaline soda Langaco Lake in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. ANN MICROBIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-022-01691-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Langaco Lake (LGL) is a soda lake located at an altitude of 4548 m in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. LGL exhibits unique hydrochemical characteristics among soda lakes, but little is known about the microbial diversity of LGL and the microbial interactions with environmental factors.
Methods
The water samples were filtered using chemical-grade cellulose acetate membrane (pore size of 0.45 μm), and the hydrochemical characteristics were analyzed. Community DNA was extracted, and then high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes was conducted to evaluate the composition of the microbial community.
Results
The high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed that the bacterial diversity in LGL consisted of 327 genera in 24 phyla (4871 operational taxonomic units (OTUs); Shannon index values of 5.20–6.07), with a significantly higher diversity than that of the Archaea (eight phyla and 29 genera comprising 1008 OTUs; Shannon index values of 2.98–3.30). The bacterial communities were dominated by Proteobacteria (relative abundances of 42.79–53.70%), followed by Bacteroidetes (11.13–15.18%), Planctomycetes (4.20–12.82%), Acidobacteria (5.91–9.50%), Actinobacteria (2.60–5.80%), and Verrucomicrobia (2.11–4.08%). Furthermore, the archaeal communities were dominated by Crenarchaeota (35.97–58.29%), Euryarchaeota (33.02–39.89%), and Woesearchaeota (6.50–21.57%). The dominant bacterial genus was Thiobacillus (8.92–16.78%), and its abundances were most strongly correlated with the total phosphorus (TP) content, pH value, CO32− concentration, and temperature. The most abundant archaeal genus was Methanoregula (21.40–28.29%), and its abundances were the most highly correlated with the total organic carbon (TOC) content, total salinity (TS), and K+ and Na+ concentrations.
Conclusions
The results of this study provide valuable insights for developing a more comprehensive understanding of microbial diversity in these unique carbonate alkaline environments, as well as a better understanding of the microbial resources on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
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Where the Little Ones Play the Main Role-Picophytoplankton Predominance in the Soda and Hypersaline Lakes of the Carpathian Basin. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040818. [PMID: 35456867 PMCID: PMC9030754 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The extreme environmental conditions of the diverse saline inland waters (soda lakes and pans, hypersaline lakes and ponds) of the Carpathian Basin are an advantage for picophytoplankton. The abundance of picophytoplankton in these waters can be up to several orders of magnitude higher than that in freshwater shallow lakes, but differences are also found within different saline water types: higher picophytoplankton abundances were observed in hypersaline lakes compared to humic soda lakes, and their highest numbers were detected in turbid soda lakes. Moreover, their contribution to phytoplankton biomass is higher than that in shallow freshwater lakes with similar trophic states. Based on long-term data, their ratio within the phytoplankton increased with turbidity in the case of turbid soda lakes, while, in hypersaline lakes, their proportion increased with salinity. Picocyanobacteria were only detected with high abundance (>106−107 cells/mL) in turbid soda lakes, while picoeukaryotes occurred in high numbers in both turbid and hypersaline lakes. Despite the extreme conditions of the lakes, the diversity of picophytoplankton is remarkable, with the dominance of non-marine Synechococcus/Cyanobium, Choricystis, Chloroparva and uncultured trebouxiophycean green algae in the soda lakes, and marine Synechococcus and Picochlorum in the hypersaline lakes.
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Csitári B, Bedics A, Felföldi T, Boros E, Nagy H, Máthé I, Székely AJ. Anion-type modulates the effect of salt stress on saline lake bacteria. Extremophiles 2022; 26:12. [PMID: 35137260 PMCID: PMC8825391 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-022-01260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Beside sodium chloride, inland saline aquatic systems often contain other anions than chloride such as hydrogen carbonate and sulfate. Our understanding of the biological effects of salt composition diversity is limited; therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of different anions on the growth of halophilic bacteria. Accordingly, the salt composition and concentration preference of 172 strains isolated from saline and soda lakes that differed in ionic composition was tested using media containing either carbonate, chloride or sulfate as anion in concentration values ranging from 0 to 0.40 mol/L. Differences in salt-type preference among bacterial strains were observed in relationship to the salt composition of the natural habitat they were isolated from indicating specific salt-type adaptation. Sodium carbonate represented the strongest selective force, while majority of strains was well-adapted to growth even at high concentrations of sodium sulfate. Salt preference was to some extent associated with taxonomy, although variations even within the same bacterial species were also identified. Our results suggest that the extent of the effect of dissolved salts in saline lakes is not limited to their concentration but the type of anion also substantially impacts the growth and survival of individual microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Csitári
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University EBC, Norbyvägen 18D, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 17165, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Bedics
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
- Depatment of Molecular Ecology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly utca 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina u. 29, 1113, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emil Boros
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina u. 29, 1113, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Nagy
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Máthé
- Department of Bioengineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Piaţa Libertăţii 1, 530104, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania
| | - Anna J Székely
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University EBC, Norbyvägen 18D, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Box 7050, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
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11
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Boros E, Takács A, Dobosy P, Vörös L. Extreme guanotrophication by phosphorus in contradiction with the productivity of alkaline soda pan ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148300. [PMID: 34174614 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Waterbirds as nutrient vectors can cause high phosphorus loading in shallow inland aquatic ecosystems. The main goal of this study was to determine the causal relationships between the characteristic physico-chemical properties of intermittent (temporary) alkaline soda pan (playa) ecosystems and specific (surface and volume-related) P loading of waterbirds by in situ field investigation, estimation as well as laboratory experiments using standard methods. In addition, our aim was to estimate the contribution of groundwater and precipitation to the total phosphorus pool of soda pans in Hungary. The estimated high specific external P loading of waterbirds (mean: 185 mg P/m2/y, 3.32 mg P/L/year) can explain the majority of the hypertrophic TP pool (mean: 5.17 mg/L, 64%) in soda pans, which is mediated by large-bodied herbivorous (e.g. geese and ducks) and medium-bodied omnivorous (e.g. gulls) waterbirds, who are important external nutrient importers and major phosphorus source. The results also confirm the hypothesis that groundwater (3%) and precipitation (5%) together account for a smaller estimated (8% in this study) contribution to the hypertrophic TP pool in soda pans, while the contribution of waterbirds (64% in this study) to the TP is much higher (64-100%). In this study, the remaining part of TP (maximum 28%) pool can be explained by internal P sources. Soda pans are characterized by physical and chemical characteristics coupled with high densities of waterbirds, as biotic mediators of external P sources, which together cause the maintenance of high concentrations of P-forms. The extreme guanotrophication by high P loading of herbivorous waterbirds causing a hypertrophic state is in contradiction with the limited primary production of natural soda pans. This unique phenomenon can be explained by the multiple impact of prevailing extreme physico-chemical drivers (intermittent hydrological cycle, shallow water depth, high turbidity, salinity, alkalinity) and by the specific nutrient cycle of these alkaline soda ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Boros
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina str. 29., H-1113 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Anita Takács
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina str. 29., H-1113 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Dobosy
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina str. 29., H-1113 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos Vörös
- Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Klebelsberg Kuno str. 3. P.O. Box 35, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
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12
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Felföldi T. Microbial communities of soda lakes and pans in the Carpathian Basin: a review. Biol Futur 2021; 71:393-404. [PMID: 34554457 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-020-00034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this review, I would like to summarize the current knowledge on the microbiology of soda lakes and pans of the Carpathian Basin. First, the characteristic physical and chemical features of these sites are described. Most of the microbiological information presented deals with prokaryotes and algae, but protists and viruses are also mentioned. Planktonic bacterial communities are dominated by members of the phyla Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria; small-sized trebouxiophycean green algae and Synechococcus/Cyanobium picocyanobacteria are the most important components of phytoplankton. Based on the current knowledge, it seems that mainly temperature, salinity, turbidity and grazing pressure regulate community composition and the abundance of individual microbial groups, but the external nutrient load from birds also has a significant impact on the ecological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c., Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
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13
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Bánfi R, Pohner Z, Szabó A, Herczeg G, Kovács GM, Nagy A, Márialigeti K, Vajna B. Succession and potential role of bacterial communities during Pleurotus ostreatus production. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:fiab125. [PMID: 34498665 PMCID: PMC8445668 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in studying bacterial-fungal interactions (BFIs), also the interactions of Pleurotus ostreatus, a model white-rot fungus and important cultivated mushroom. In Europe, P. ostreatus is produced on a wheat straw-based substrate with a characteristic bacterial community, where P. ostreatus is exposed to the microbiome during substrate colonisation. This study investigated how the bacterial community structure was affected by the introduction of P. ostreatus into the mature substrate. Based on the results obtained, the effect of the presence and absence of this microbiome on P. ostreatus production in an experimental cultivation setup was determined. 16S rRNA gene-based terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and amplicon sequencing revealed a definite succession of the microbiome during substrate colonisation and fruiting body production: a sharp decrease in relative abundance of Thermus spp. and Actinobacteria, and the increasing dominance of Bacillales and Halomonas spp. The introduced experimental cultivation setup proved the protective role of the microbial community against competing fungi without affecting P. ostreatus growth. We could also demonstrate that this effect could be attributed to both living microbes and their secreted metabolites. These findings highlight the importance of bacterial-fungal interactions during mushroom production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renáta Bánfi
- Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Pohner
- Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Centre for Agricultural Research, Herman Ottó út 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Szabó
- Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Herczeg
- Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor M Kovács
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Nagy
- Pilze-Nagy Ltd., Talfája 50., H-6000 Kecskemét, Hungary
| | - Károly Márialigeti
- Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Vajna
- Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Malashenkov DV, Dashkova V, Zhakupova K, Vorobjev IA, Barteneva NS. Comparative analysis of freshwater phytoplankton communities in two lakes of Burabay National Park using morphological and molecular approaches. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16130. [PMID: 34373491 PMCID: PMC8352915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95223-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed phytoplankton assemblages' variations in oligo-mesotrophic Shchuchie and Burabay lakes using traditional morphological and next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches. The total phytoplankton biodiversity and abundance estimated by both microscopy and NGS were significantly higher in Lake Burabay than in Lake Shchuchie. NGS of 16S and 18S rRNA amplicons adequately identify phytoplankton taxa only on the genera level, while species composition obtained by microscopic examination was significantly larger. The limitations of NGS analysis could be related to insufficient coverage of freshwater lakes phytoplankton by existing databases, short algal sequences available from current instrumentation, and high homology of chloroplast genes in eukaryotic cells. However, utilization of NGS, together with microscopy allowed us to perform a complete taxonomic characterization of phytoplankton lake communities including picocyanobacteria, often overlooked by traditional microscopy. We demonstrate the high potential of an integrated morphological and molecular approach in understanding the processes of organization in aquatic ecosystem assemblages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V. Malashenkov
- grid.428191.70000 0004 0495 7803National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan ,grid.14476.300000 0001 2342 9668Present Address: Department of General Ecology and Hydrobiology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Veronika Dashkova
- grid.428191.70000 0004 0495 7803National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan ,grid.428191.70000 0004 0495 7803School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Kymbat Zhakupova
- grid.428191.70000 0004 0495 7803Core Facilities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Ivan A. Vorobjev
- grid.428191.70000 0004 0495 7803National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan ,grid.428191.70000 0004 0495 7803Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Natasha S. Barteneva
- grid.428191.70000 0004 0495 7803National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan ,grid.428191.70000 0004 0495 7803Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan ,grid.428191.70000 0004 0495 7803EREC, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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15
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Borsodi AK, Mucsi M, Krett G, Szabó A, Felföldi T, Szili-Kovács T. Variation in Sodic Soil Bacterial Communities Associated with Different Alkali Vegetation Types. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9081673. [PMID: 34442752 PMCID: PMC8402138 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the effect of salinity and alkalinity on the metabolic potential and taxonomic composition of microbiota inhabiting the sodic soils in different plant communities. The soil samples were collected in the Pannonian steppe (Hungary, Central Europe) under extreme dry and wet weather conditions. The metabolic profiles of microorganisms were analyzed using the MicroResp method, the bacterial diversity was assessed by cultivation and next-generation amplicon sequencing based on the 16S rRNA gene. Catabolic profiles of microbial communities varied primarily according to the alkali vegetation types. Most members of the strain collection were identified as plant associated and halophilic/alkaliphilic species of Micrococcus, Nesterenkonia, Nocardiopsis, Streptomyces (Actinobacteria) and Bacillus, Paenibacillus (Firmicutes) genera. Based on the pyrosequencing data, the relative abundance of the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Bacteroidetes also changed mainly with the sample types, indicating distinctions within the compositions of bacterial communities according to the sodic soil alkalinity-salinity gradient. The effect of weather extremes was the most pronounced in the relative abundance of the phyla Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. The type of alkali vegetation caused greater shifts in both the diversity and activity of sodic soil microbial communities than the extreme aridity and moisture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K. Borsodi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. Sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (M.M.); (G.K.); (T.F.)
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, H-1113 Budapest, Hungary;
- Correspondence: (A.K.B.); (T.S.-K.); Tel.: +36-13812177 (A.K.B.); +36-309617452 (T.S.-K.)
| | - Márton Mucsi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. Sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (M.M.); (G.K.); (T.F.)
- Institute for Soil Sciences, Centre for Agricultural Research, Herman Ottó út 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Krett
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. Sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (M.M.); (G.K.); (T.F.)
| | - Attila Szabó
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, H-1113 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. Sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; (M.M.); (G.K.); (T.F.)
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, H-1113 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Tibor Szili-Kovács
- Institute for Soil Sciences, Centre for Agricultural Research, Herman Ottó út 15, H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (A.K.B.); (T.S.-K.); Tel.: +36-13812177 (A.K.B.); +36-309617452 (T.S.-K.)
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16
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Anda D, Szabó A, Kovács-Bodor P, Makk J, Felföldi T, Ács É, Mádl-Szőnyi J, Borsodi AK. In situ modelling of biofilm formation in a hydrothermal spring cave. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21733. [PMID: 33303927 PMCID: PMC7729855 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Attachment of microorganisms to natural or artificial surfaces and the development of biofilms are complex processes which can be influenced by several factors. Nevertheless, our knowledge on biofilm formation in karstic environment is quite incomplete. The present study aimed to examine biofilm development for a year under controlled conditions in quasi-stagnant water of a hydrothermal spring cave located in the Buda Thermal Karst System (Hungary). Using a model system, we investigated how the structure of the biofilm is formed from the water and also how the growth rate of biofilm development takes place in this environment. Besides scanning electron microscopy, next-generation DNA sequencing was used to reveal the characteristic taxa and major shifts in the composition of the bacterial communities. Dynamic temporal changes were observed in the structure of bacterial communities. Bacterial richness and diversity increased during the biofilm formation, and 9-12 weeks were needed for the maturation. Increasing EPS production was also observed from the 9-12 weeks. The biofilm was different from the water that filled the cave pool, in terms of the taxonomic composition and metabolic potential of microorganisms. In these karstic environments, the formation of mature biofilm appears to take place relatively quickly, in a few months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Anda
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Attila Szabó
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Petra Kovács-Bodor
- Department of Geology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Makk
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Ács
- Danube Research Institute, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, Budapest, 1113, Hungary.,Faculty of Water Sciences, National University of Public Service, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky utca, 12-14, 6500, Baja, Hungary
| | - Judit Mádl-Szőnyi
- Department of Geology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea K Borsodi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary. .,Danube Research Institute, Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, Budapest, 1113, Hungary.
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17
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Lippai A, Farkas R, Szuróczki S, Szabó A, Felföldi T, Toumi M, Tóth E. Microbiological investigations of two thermal baths in Budapest, Hungary. Report: effect of bathing and pool operation type on water quality. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2020; 18:1020-1032. [PMID: 33328372 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2020.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In Hungary, which is famous for its thermal baths, according to the regulations, waters are investigated in hygienic aspects with standard cultivation methods. In the present study, two thermal baths were investigated (the well and three different pool waters in both) using cultivation methods, taxon-specific polymerase chain reactions (PCRs), multiplex PCRs and next-generation amplicon sequencing. Mainly members of the natural microbial community of the well waters and bacteria originating from the environment were detected but several opportunistic pathogenic taxa, e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. stutzeri, Acinetobacter johnsoni, Acinetobacter baumanni, Moraxella osloensis, Microbacterium paraoxydans, Legionella spp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Staphylococcus aureus were revealed by the applied methods. Pools with charging-unloading operation had higher microscopic cell counts, colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, number of cocci, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus compared to the recirculation systems. Bacteria originating from human sources (e.g., skin) were identified in the pool waters with less than 1% relative abundance, and their presence was sporadic in the pools. Comparing the microbiological quality of the pools based on the first sampling time and the following four months' period it was revealed that recirculation operation type has better water quality than the charging-unloading pool operation from a hygienic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anett Lippai
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary E-mail: ; Eurofins KVI-PLUSZ Environmental Testing Office Ltd, Szállító utca 6, 1211 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rózsa Farkas
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary E-mail:
| | - Sára Szuróczki
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary E-mail:
| | - Attila Szabó
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary E-mail:
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary E-mail:
| | - Marwene Toumi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary E-mail:
| | - Erika Tóth
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary E-mail:
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18
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Szabó A, Korponai K, Somogyi B, Vajna B, Vörös L, Horváth Z, Boros E, Szabó-Tugyi N, Márialigeti K, Felföldi T. Grazing pressure-induced shift in planktonic bacterial communities with the dominance of acIII-A1 actinobacterial lineage in soda pans. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19871. [PMID: 33199773 PMCID: PMC7669872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76822-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Astatic soda pans of the Pannonian Steppe are unique environments with respect to their multiple extreme physical and chemical characteristics (high daily water temperature fluctuation, high turbidity, alkaline pH, salinity, polyhumic organic carbon concentration, hypertrophic state and special ionic composition). However, little is known about the seasonal dynamics of the bacterial communities inhabiting these lakes and the role of environmental factors that have the main impact on their structure. Therefore, two soda pans were sampled monthly between April 2013 and July 2014 to reveal changes in the planktonic community. By late spring in both years, a sudden shift in the community structure was observed, the previous algae-associated bacterial communities had collapsed, resulting the highest ratio of Actinobacteria within the bacterioplankton (89%, with the dominance of acIII-A1 lineage) ever reported in the literature. Before these peaks, an extremely high abundance (> 10,000 individuum l-1) of microcrustaceans (Moina brachiata and Arctodiaptomus spinosus) was observed. OTU-based statistical approaches showed that in addition to algal blooms and water-level fluctuations, zooplankton densities had the strongest effect on the composition of bacterial communities. In these extreme environments, this implies a surprisingly strong, community-shaping top-down role of microcrustacean grazers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Szabó
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
| | - Kristóf Korponai
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Boglárka Somogyi
- Centre for Ecological Research, Balaton Limnological Institute, Klebelsberg Kunó u. 3, Tihany, 8237, Hungary
| | - Balázs Vajna
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Lajos Vörös
- Centre for Ecological Research, Balaton Limnological Institute, Klebelsberg Kunó u. 3, Tihany, 8237, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Horváth
- Centre for Ecological Research, Balaton Limnological Institute, Klebelsberg Kunó u. 3, Tihany, 8237, Hungary
| | - Emil Boros
- Centre for Ecological Research, Danube Research Institute, Karolina út 29, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Nóra Szabó-Tugyi
- Centre for Ecological Research, Balaton Limnological Institute, Klebelsberg Kunó u. 3, Tihany, 8237, Hungary
| | - Károly Márialigeti
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
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19
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Szuróczki S, Szabó A, Korponai K, Felföldi T, Somogyi B, Márialigeti K, Tóth E. Prokaryotic community composition in a great shallow soda lake covered by large reed stands (Neusiedler See/Lake Fertő) as revealed by cultivation- and DNA-based analyses. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 96:5895321. [PMID: 32821929 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the detailed community composition of heterotrophic bacterioplankton in macrophyte-dominated littoral systems, where a considerable amount of dissolved organic carbon originates from aquatic macrophytes instead of phytoplankton. The aim of the present study was to reveal the effect of macrophytes on the microbial community and to elucidate their role in a macrophyte-dominated shallow soda lake, which can be characterised by a mosaic of open waters and reed marsh. Therefore, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, the most probable number method, cultivation of bacterial strains, EcoPlate and cultivation-based substrate utilisation techniques were applied. Differences in the structures of microbial communities were detected between the water and the sediment samples and between vegetated and unvegetated water samples. Planktonic bacterial communities of an inner pond and a reed-covered area showed significant similarities to each other. Woesearchaeia was the dominant archaeal taxon in the water samples, while Bathyarchaeia, 'Marine Benthic Group D' and 'DHVEG-1' were abundant in the sediment samples. The most probable number of heterotrophic bacteria was lower in the open water than in the reed-associated areas. The vast majority (83%) of the isolated bacterial strains from the water samples of the reed-covered area were able to grow on a medium containing reed extract as the sole source of carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sára Szuróczki
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Szabó
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kristóf Korponai
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Boglárka Somogyi
- Centre for Ecological Research, Balaton Limnological Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., 8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Károly Márialigeti
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erika Tóth
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
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Preparation and characterization of site-specific dechlorinating microbial inocula capable of complete dechlorination enriched in anaerobic microcosms amended with clay mineral. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:29. [PMID: 32016527 PMCID: PMC6997268 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-2806-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Short-chain halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g. perchloroethene, trichloroethene) are among the most toxic environmental pollutants. Perchloroethene and trichloroethene can be dechlorinated to non-toxic ethene through reductive dechlorination by Dehalococcoides sp. Bioaugmentation, applying cultures containing organohalide-respiring microorganisms, is a possible technique to remediate sites contaminated with chlorinated ethenes. Application of site specific inocula is an efficient alternative solution. Our aim was to develop site specific dechlorinating microbial inocula by enriching microbial consortia from groundwater contaminated with trichloroethene using microcosm experiments containing clay mineral as solid phase. Our main goal was to develop fast and reliable method to produce large amount (100 L) of bioactive agent with anaerobic fermentation technology. Polyphasic approach has been applied to monitor the effectiveness of dechlorination during the transfer process from bench-scale (500 mL) to industrial-scale (100 L). Gas chromatography measurement and T-RFLP (Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) revealed that the serial subculture of the enrichments shortened the time-course of the complete dechlorination of trichloroethene to ethene and altered the composition of bacterial communities. Complete dechlorination was observed in enrichments with significant abundance of Dehalococcoides sp. cultivated at 8 °C. Consortia incubated in fermenters at 18 °C accelerated the conversion of TCE to ethene by 7–14 days. Members of the enrichments belong to the phyla Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. According to the operational taxonomic units, main differences between the composition of the enrichment incubated at 8 °C and 18 °C occurred with relative abundance of acetogenic and fermentative species. In addition to the temperature, the site-specific origin of the microbial communities and the solid phase applied during the fermentation technique contributed to the development of a unique microbial composition. Graphic abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s11274-020-2806-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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21
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Enyedi NT, Anda D, Borsodi AK, Szabó A, Pál SE, Óvári M, Márialigeti K, Kovács-Bodor P, Mádl-Szőnyi J, Makk J. Radioactive environment adapted bacterial communities constituting the biofilms of hydrothermal spring caves (Budapest, Hungary). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2019; 203:8-17. [PMID: 30844681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The thermal waters of Gellért Hill discharge area of the Buda Thermal Karst System (Hungary) are characterized by high (up to 1000 Bq/L) 222Rn-activity due to the radium-accumulating biogeochemical layers. Samples were taken from these ferruginous and calcareous layers developed on spring cave walls and water surface. Accumulation of potentially toxic metals (e.g. As, Hg, Pb, Sn, Sr, Zn) in the dense extracellular polymeric substance containing bacterial cells and remains was detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The comparison of bacterial phylogenetic diversity of the biofilm samples was performed by high throughput next generation sequencing (NGS). The analysis showed similar sets of mainly unidentified taxa of phyla Chloroflexi, Nitrospirae, Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes; however, large differences were found in their abundance. Cultivation-based method complemented with irradiation assay was performed using 5, 10 and 15 kGy doses of gamma-rays from a 60Co-source to reveal the extreme radiation-resistant bacteria. The phyla Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria (classes Alpha- Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria), Bacteriodetes and Deinococcus-Thermus were represented among the 452 bacterial strains. The applied irradiation treatments promoted the isolation of 100 different species, involving candidate novel species, as well. The vast majority of the isolates belonged to bacterial taxa previously unknown as radiation-resistant microorganisms. Members of the genera Paracoccus, Marmoricola, Dermacoccus and Kytococcus were identified from the 15 kGy dose irradiated samples. The close relatives of several known radiation-tolerant bacteria were also detected from the biofilm samples, alongside with bacteria capable of detoxification by metal accumulation, adsorption and precipitation in the form of calcium-carbonate which possibly maintain the viability of the habitat. The results suggest the establishment of a unique, extremophilic microbiota in the studied hydrothermal spring caves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nóra Tünde Enyedi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Dóra Anda
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; Danube Research Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, H-1113, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Andrea K Borsodi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary; Danube Research Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, H-1113, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Attila Szabó
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Sára Eszter Pál
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Mihály Óvári
- Danube Research Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Karolina út 29, H-1113, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Analytical Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/A, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Károly Márialigeti
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Petra Kovács-Bodor
- Department of Physical and Applied Geology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Judit Mádl-Szőnyi
- Department of Physical and Applied Geology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Judit Makk
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary.
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Korponai K, Szabó A, Somogyi B, Boros E, Borsodi AK, Jurecska L, Vörös L, Felföldi T. Dual bloom of green algae and purple bacteria in an extremely shallow soda pan. Extremophiles 2019; 23:467-477. [PMID: 31087168 PMCID: PMC6557878 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-019-01098-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In April 2014, dual bloom of green algae and purple bacteria occurred in a shallow, alkaline soda pan (Kiskunság National Park, Hungary). The water was only 5 cm deep, in which an upper green layer was clearly separated from a near-sediment purple one. Based on microscopy and DNA-based identification, the upper was inhabited by a dense population of the planktonic green alga, Oocystis submarina Lagerheim, while the deeper layer was formed by purple, bacteriochlorophyll-containing bacteria, predominated by Thiorhodospira and Rhodobaca. Additional bacterial taxa with a presumed capability of anoxygenic phototrophic growth belonged to the genera Loktanella and Porphyrobacter. Comparing the bacterial community of the purple layer with a former blooming event in a nearby soda pan, similar functional but different taxonomic composition was revealed. Members from many dominant bacterial groups were successfully cultivated including potentially new species, which could be the result of the application of newly designed media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristóf Korponai
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c., Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Attila Szabó
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c., Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Boglárka Somogyi
- Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., Tihany, 8237, Hungary
| | - Emil Boros
- Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., Tihany, 8237, Hungary
| | - Andrea K Borsodi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c., Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Laura Jurecska
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c., Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Lajos Vörös
- Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., Tihany, 8237, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c., Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
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23
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Felföldi T, Márton Z, Szabó A, Mentes A, Bóka K, Márialigeti K, Máthé I, Koncz M, Schumann P, Tóth E. Siculibacillus lacustris gen. nov., sp. nov., a new rosette-forming bacterium isolated from a freshwater crater lake (Lake St. Ana, Romania). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:1731-1736. [PMID: 30950779 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A new aerobic alphaproteobacterium, strain SA-279T, was isolated from a water sample of a crater lake. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain SA-279T formed a distinct lineage within the family Ancalomicrobiaceae and shared the highest pairwise similarity values with Pinisolibacterravus E9T (96.4 %) and Ancalomicrobiumadetum NBRC 102456T (94.2 %). Cells of strain SA-279T were rod-shaped, motile, oxidase and catalase positive, and capable of forming rosettes. Its predominant fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c (69.0 %) and C16 : 1ω7c (22.7 %), the major respiratory quinone was Q-10, and the main polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminophospholipid and an unidentified lipid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain SA-279T was 69.2 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular data, strain SA-279T is considered to represent a new genus and species within the family Ancalomicrobiaceae, for which the name Siculibacillus lacustris gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SA-279T (=DSM 29840T=JCM 31761T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Felföldi
- 2Department of Bioengineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Piaţa Libertăţii 1, 530104 Miercurea Ciuc, Romania.,1Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Márton
- 1Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Szabó
- 1Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anikó Mentes
- 1Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Károly Bóka
- 3Department of Plant Anatomy, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Károly Márialigeti
- 1Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Máthé
- 2Department of Bioengineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Piaţa Libertăţii 1, 530104 Miercurea Ciuc, Romania
| | - Mihály Koncz
- 2Department of Bioengineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Piaţa Libertăţii 1, 530104 Miercurea Ciuc, Romania.,†Present address: Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Peter Schumann
- 4Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Erika Tóth
- 1Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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Rolland C, Andreani J, Louazani AC, Aherfi S, Francis R, Rodrigues R, Silva LS, Sahmi D, Mougari S, Chelkha N, Bekliz M, Silva L, Assis F, Dornas F, Khalil JYB, Pagnier I, Desnues C, Levasseur A, Colson P, Abrahão J, La Scola B. Discovery and Further Studies on Giant Viruses at the IHU Mediterranee Infection That Modified the Perception of the Virosphere. Viruses 2019; 11:E312. [PMID: 30935049 PMCID: PMC6520786 DOI: 10.3390/v11040312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The history of giant viruses began in 2003 with the identification of Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus. Since then, giant viruses of amoeba enlightened an unknown part of the viral world, and every discovery and characterization of a new giant virus modifies our perception of the virosphere. This notably includes their exceptional virion sizes from 200 nm to 2 µm and their genomic complexity with length, number of genes, and functions such as translational components never seen before. Even more surprising, Mimivirus possesses a unique mobilome composed of virophages, transpovirons, and a defense system against virophages named Mimivirus virophage resistance element (MIMIVIRE). From the discovery and isolation of new giant viruses to their possible roles in humans, this review shows the active contribution of the University Hospital Institute (IHU) Mediterranee Infection to the growing knowledge of the giant viruses' field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Rolland
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Julien Andreani
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Amina Cherif Louazani
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Sarah Aherfi
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
- IHU IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Rania Francis
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Rodrigo Rodrigues
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
- Laboratório de Vírus, Instituto de Ciêncas Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Ludmila Santos Silva
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Dehia Sahmi
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Said Mougari
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Nisrine Chelkha
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Meriem Bekliz
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Lorena Silva
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
- Laboratório de Vírus, Instituto de Ciêncas Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Assis
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Fábio Dornas
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | | | - Isabelle Pagnier
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
- IHU IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Christelle Desnues
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Anthony Levasseur
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
- IHU IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Philippe Colson
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
- IHU IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Jônatas Abrahão
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
- Laboratório de Vírus, Instituto de Ciêncas Biológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
| | - Bernard La Scola
- MEPHI, APHM, IRD 198, Aix Marseille Univ, Department of Medicine, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
- IHU IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France.
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Kalwasińska A, Deja-Sikora E, Szabó A, Felföldi T, Kosobucki P, Brzezinska MS, Walczak M. Salino-alkaline lime of anthropogenic origin a reservoir of diverse microbial communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 655:842-854. [PMID: 30481711 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents study on the microbiome of a unique extreme environment - saline and alkaline lime, a by-product of soda ash and table salt production in Janikowo, central Poland. High-throughput 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing was used to reveal the structure of bacterial and archaeal communities in the lime samples, taken from repository ponds differing in salinity (2.3-25.5% NaCl). Surprisingly abundant and diverse bacterial communities were discovered in this extreme environment. The most important geochemical drivers of the observed microbial diversity were salinity, calcium ions, nutrients, and water content. The bacterial and archaeal communities in saline, alkaline lime were similar to those found in natural haloalkaline environments. Although the archaeal contribution to the whole microbial community was lower than 4%, the four archaeal genera Natronomonas, Halorubrum, Halobellus, and Halapricum constituted the core microbiome of saline, alkaline lime - a set of OTUs (> 0.1% of total archaeal relative abundance) present in all samples under study. The high proportion of novel, unclassified archaeal and bacterial sequences (not identified at 97% similarity level) in the 16S rRNA gene libraries indicated that potentially new genera, especially within the class of Thermoplasmata inhabit this unique environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kalwasińska
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Edyta Deja-Sikora
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Attila Szabó
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, PázmányPéterstny. 1/c. H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, PázmányPéterstny. 1/c. H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Przemysław Kosobucki
- Department of Food Analysis and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, UTP University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maria Swiontek Brzezinska
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Maciej Walczak
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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Challenges and Adaptations of Life in Alkaline Habitats. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 172:85-133. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2019_97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Bell TAS, Sen-Kilic E, Felföldi T, Vasas G, Fields MW, Peyton BM. Microbial community changes during a toxic cyanobacterial bloom in an alkaline Hungarian lake. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2018; 111:2425-2440. [PMID: 30069722 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-018-1132-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The Carpathian Basin is a lowland plain located mainly in Hungary. Due to the nature of the bedrock, alluvial deposits, and a bowl shape, many lakes and ponds of the area are characterized by high alkalinity. In this study, we characterized temporal changes in eukaryal and bacterial community dynamics with high throughput sequencing and relate the changes to environmental conditions in Lake Velence located in Fejér county, Hungary. The sampled Lake Velence microbial populations (algal and bacterial) were analyzed to identify potential correlations with other community members and environmental parameters at six timepoints over 6 weeks in the Spring of 2012. Correlations between community members suggest a positive relationship between certain algal and bacterial populations (e.g. Chlamydomondaceae with Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria), while other correlations allude to changes in these relationships over time. During the study, high nitrogen availability may have favored non-nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria, such as the toxin-producing Microcystis aeruginosa, and the eutrophic effect may have been exacerbated by high phosphorus availability as well as the high calcium and magnesium content of the Carpathian Basin bedrock, potentially fostering exopolymer production and cell aggregation. Cyanobacterial bloom formation could have a negative environmental impact on other community members and potentially affect overall water quality as well as recreational activities. To our knowledge, this is the first prediction for relationships between photoautotrophic eukaryotes and bacteria from an alkaline, Hungarian lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tisza A S Bell
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
- Genome Core and Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
| | - Emel Sen-Kilic
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Vasas
- Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Matthew W Fields
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
- Energy Research Institute, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Brent M Peyton
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
- Energy Research Institute, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
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Boros E, Kolpakova M. A review of the defining chemical properties of soda lakes and pans: An assessment on a large geographic scale of Eurasian inland saline surface waters. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202205. [PMID: 30125301 PMCID: PMC6101393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the definition of water chemical type, with particular attention to soda brine characteristics by assessing ionic composition and pH values on a large geographic scale and broad salinity (TDS) range of Eurasian inland saline surface waters, in order to rectify the considerable confusion about the exact chemical classification of soda lakes and pans. Data on pH and on the concentration of eight major ions were compiled into a database drawn from Austria, China, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Serbia, and Turkey. The classification was primarily based on dominant ions exceeding an equivalent percentage of 25 (> 25e%) of the total cations or anions, and the e% rank of dominant ions was also identified. We identified four major types: waters dominated by (1) Na-HCO3 (10.0%), (2) Na-HCO3 + CO3 (31.4%), (3) Na-Cl (45.9%), and (4) Na-SO4 (12.7%), considering only the first ion by e% rank. These major types can be divided into 30 subtypes in the dataset, taking into account the e% rank of all dominant ions. The major and subtypes of soda brine can be divided into “Soda” and “Soda-Saline” types. “Soda type” when Na+ and HCO3– + CO32– are the first in the rank of dominant ions (> 25e%), and “Soda-Saline type” when Na+ is the first in the rank of dominant cations and the sum of HCO3– + CO32– concentration exceeds 25e%, but it is not the first in the rank of dominant anions. Soda-saline type can be considered as a separate evolutionary stage between Soda and Saline types respect to the geochemical interpretation by saturation indexes of brines. The obtained overlapping ranges in distribution demonstrate that a pH measurement alone is not a reliable indicator to classify the permanent alkaline “soda type” and various other types of temporary alkaline waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Boros
- Balaton Limnological Institute, Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Tihany, Hungary
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Marina Kolpakova
- Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
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Andreote APD, Dini-Andreote F, Rigonato J, Machineski GS, Souza BCE, Barbiero L, Rezende-Filho AT, Fiore MF. Contrasting the Genetic Patterns of Microbial Communities in Soda Lakes with and without Cyanobacterial Bloom. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:244. [PMID: 29520256 PMCID: PMC5827094 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Soda lakes have high levels of sodium carbonates and are characterized by salinity and elevated pH. These ecosystems are found across Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, North, Central, and South America. Particularly in Brazil, the Pantanal region has a series of hundreds of shallow soda lakes (ca. 600) potentially colonized by a diverse haloalkaliphilic microbial community. Biological information of these systems is still elusive, in particular data on the description of the main taxa involved in the biogeochemical cycling of life-important elements. Here, we used metagenomic sequencing to contrast the composition and functional patterns of the microbial communities of two distinct soda lakes from the sub-region Nhecolândia, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. These two lakes differ by permanent cyanobacterial blooms (Salina Verde, green-water lake) and by no record of cyanobacterial blooms (Salina Preta, black-water lake). The dominant bacterial species in the Salina Verde bloom was Anabaenopsis elenkinii. This cyanobacterium altered local abiotic parameters such as pH, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen and consequently the overall structure of the microbial community. In Salina Preta, the microbial community had a more structured taxonomic profile. Therefore, the distribution of metabolic functions in Salina Preta community encompassed a large number of taxa, whereas, in Salina Verde, the functional potential was restrained across a specific set of taxa. Distinct signatures in the abundance of genes associated with the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur were found. Interestingly, genes linked to arsenic resistance metabolism were present at higher abundance in Salina Verde and they were associated with the cyanobacterial bloom. Collectively, this study advances fundamental knowledge on the composition and genetic potential of microbial communities inhabiting tropical soda lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. D. Andreote
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Francisco Dini-Andreote
- Microbial Ecology Cluster, Genomics Research in Ecology and Evolution in Nature, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Janaina Rigonato
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno C. E. Souza
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Laurent Barbiero
- Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Ary T. Rezende-Filho
- Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism and Geography, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Marli F. Fiore
- Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
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30
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Mentes A, Szabó A, Somogyi B, Vajna B, Tugyi N, Csitári B, Vörös L, Felföldi T. Differences in planktonic microbial communities associated with three types of macrophyte stands in a shallow lake. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2018; 94:4675209. [PMID: 29206918 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fix164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about how various substances from living and decomposing aquatic macrophytes affect the horizontal patterns of planktonic bacterial communities. Study sites were located within Lake Kolon, which is a freshwater marsh and can be characterised by open-water sites and small ponds with different macrovegetation (Phragmites australis, Nymphea alba and Utricularia vulgaris). Our aim was to reveal the impact of these macrophytes on the composition of the planktonic microbial communities using comparative analysis of environmental parameters, microscopy and pyrosequencing data. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences were dominated by members of phyla Proteobacteria (36%-72%), Bacteroidetes (12%-33%) and Actinobacteria (5%-26%), but in the anoxic sample the ratio of Chlorobi (54%) was also remarkable. In the phytoplankton community, Cryptomonas sp., Dinobryon divergens, Euglena acus and chrysoflagellates had the highest proportion. Despite the similarities in most of the measured environmental parameters, the inner ponds had different bacterial and algal communities, suggesting that the presence and quality of macrophytes directly and indirectly controlled the composition of microbial plankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anikó Mentes
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Szabó
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Boglárka Somogyi
- Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Balázs Vajna
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Tugyi
- Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Bianka Csitári
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos Vörös
- Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Klebelsberg Kuno u. 3., H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/c., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
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31
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Changes in bacterial and archaeal communities during the concentration of brine at the graduation towers in Ciechocinek spa (Poland). Extremophiles 2017; 22:233-246. [PMID: 29260386 PMCID: PMC5847177 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-017-0992-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the changes in bacterial and archaeal community structure during the gradual evaporation of water from the brine (extracted from subsurface Jurassic deposits) in the system of graduation towers located in Ciechocinek spa, Poland. The communities were assessed with 16S rRNA gene sequencing (MiSeq, Illumina) and microscopic methods. The microbial cell density determined by direct cell count was at the order of magnitude of 107 cells/mL. It was found that increasing salt concentration was positively correlated with both the cell counts, and species-level diversity of bacterial and archaeal communities. The archaeal community was mostly constituted by members of the phylum Euryarchaeota, class Halobacteria and was dominated by Halorubrum-related sequences. The bacterial community was more diverse, with representatives of the phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes as the most abundant. The proportion of Proteobacteria decreased with increasing salt concentration, while the proportion of Bacteroidetes increased significantly in the more concentrated samples. Representatives of the genera Idiomarina, Psychroflexus, Roseovarius, and Marinobacter appeared to be tolerant to changes of salinity. During the brine concentration, the relative abundances of Sphingobium and Sphingomonas were significantly decreased and the raised contributions of genera Fabibacter and Fodinibius were observed. The high proportion of novel (not identified at 97% similarity level) bacterial reads (up to 42%) in the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that potentially new bacterial taxa inhabit this unique environment.
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