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De Clerck O, LoDuca ST. Algal evolution: A touch of brown in a Paleozoic sea of greens and reds. Curr Biol 2024; 34:R150-R152. [PMID: 38412826 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Previous molecular clock studies indicated a Mesozoic origin for the brown algae (Phaeophyceae). New research based on phylogenetic evidence challenges this notion and provides novel insights into the origin and diversification of brown algae, which includes multiple transitions within the group from isogamy to oogamy (and back again!).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier De Clerck
- Phycology Research Group and Center for Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
| | - Steven T LoDuca
- Department of Geography and Geology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA.
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2
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Zhang W, Park HB, Yadav D, Hwang J, An EK, Eom HY, Kim SJ, Kwak M, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Comparison of human peripheral blood dendritic cell activation by four fucoidans. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 174:477-484. [PMID: 33513426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Brown seaweed is an important source of fucoidan, which displays immunomodulatory effects by activating various immune cells. However, these effects of fucoidans from various sources of brown seaweed have not yet been explored in human blood dendritic cells. We studied fucoidans extracted from Ecklonia cava, Macrocystis pyrifera, Undaria pinnatifida, and Fucus vesiculosus for their effects on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MODC) and human peripheral blood DC (PBDC) activation. Ecklonia cava fucoidan (ECF) strongly upregulated co-stimulatory molecules, major histocompatibility complex class I and II, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines in MODCs and PBDCs compared to those by the other three fucoidans. Moreover, ECF elicited the strongest effect in the induction of syngeneic T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production compared to those of other fucoidans. These results suggest that ECF could be a suitable candidate molecule for enhancing immune activation in humans compared to that with the other three fucoidans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Hae-Bin Park
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Juyoung Hwang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Eun-Koung An
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Hee-Yun Eom
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - So-Jung Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, South Korea
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul 05505, South Korea.
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
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Rana S, Valentin K, Riehl J, Blanfuné A, Reynes L, Thibaut T, Bartsch I, Eichinger L, Glöckner G. Analysis of organellar genomes in brown algae reveals an independent introduction of similar foreign sequences into the mitochondrial genome. Genomics 2021; 113:646-654. [PMID: 33485954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Kelp species (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) are globally widespread along temperate to Polar rocky coastal lines. Here we analyse the mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes of Laminaria rodriguezii, in comparison to the organellar genomes of other kelp species. We also provide the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of another endemic kelp species from a Polar habitat, the Arctic Laminaria solidungula. We compare phylogenetic trees derived from twenty complete mitochondrial and seven complete chloroplast kelp genomes. Interestingly, we found a stretch of more than 700 bp in the mitochondrial genome of L.rodriguezii, which is not present in any other yet sequenced member of the Phaeophyceae. This stretch matches a protein coding region in the mitochondrial genome from Desmarestia viridis, another brown seaweed. Their high similarity suggests that these sequences originated through independent introduction into the two species. Their origin could have been by infection by yet unknown similar mitoviruses, currently only known from fungi and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Rana
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Klaus Valentin
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Helmholtz-Center for Marine and Polar Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.
| | - Jana Riehl
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Aurélie Blanfuné
- Aix-Marseille University and University of Toulon, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), Marseille, France
| | - Lauric Reynes
- Aix-Marseille University and University of Toulon, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), Marseille, France
| | - Thierry Thibaut
- Aix-Marseille University and University of Toulon, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), Marseille, France
| | - Inka Bartsch
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Helmholtz-Center for Marine and Polar Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Ludwig Eichinger
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Gernot Glöckner
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Abstract
Worldwide demand for ethanol alternative fuel has been emerging day by day owing to the rapid population growth and industrialization. Culturing microalgae as an alternative feedstock is anticipated to be a potentially significant approach for sustainable bioethanol biofuel production. Microalgae are abundant in nature, which grow at faster rates with a capability of storing high lipid and starch/cellulose contents inside their cells. This process offers several environmental advantages, including the effective utilization of land, good CO2 sequestration without entering into "food against fuel" dispute. This chapter focuses on the methods and processes used for the production of bioethanol biofuels from algae. Thus, it also covers significant achievements in the research and developments on algae bioethanol production, mainly including pretreatment, hydrolysis, and fermentation of algae biomass. The processes of producing biodiesel, biogas, and hydrogen have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Kumar Soni
- Sustainable Materials and Catalysis Research Laboratory (SMCRL), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - R Krishnapriya
- Sustainable Materials and Catalysis Research Laboratory (SMCRL), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sharma
- Sustainable Materials and Catalysis Research Laboratory (SMCRL), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India.
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Nishitsuji K, Arimoto A, Yonashiro Y, Hisata K, Fujie M, Kawamitsu M, Shoguchi E, Satoh N. Comparative genomics of four strains of the edible brown alga, Cladosiphon okamuranus. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:422. [PMID: 32586267 PMCID: PMC7318753 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06792-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brown alga, Cladosiphon okamuranus (Okinawa mozuku), is one of the most important edible seaweeds, and it is cultivated for market primarily in Okinawa, Japan. Four strains, denominated S, K, O, and C, with distinctively different morphologies, have been cultivated commercially since the early 2000s. We previously reported a draft genome of the S-strain. To facilitate studies of seaweed biology for future aquaculture, we here decoded and analyzed genomes of the other three strains (K, O, and C). RESULTS Here we improved the genome of the S-strain (ver. 2, 130 Mbp, 12,999 genes), and decoded the K-strain (135 Mbp, 12,511 genes), the O-strain (140 Mbp, 12,548 genes), and the C-strain (143 Mbp, 12,182 genes). Molecular phylogenies, using mitochondrial and nuclear genes, showed that the S-strain diverged first, followed by the K-strain, and most recently the C- and O-strains. Comparisons of genome architecture among the four strains document the frequent occurrence of inversions. In addition to gene acquisitions and losses, the S-, K-, O-, and C-strains possess 457, 344, 367, and 262 gene families unique to each strain, respectively. Comprehensive Blast searches showed that most genes have no sequence similarity to any entries in the non-redundant protein sequence database, although GO annotation suggested that they likely function in relation to molecular and biological processes and cellular components. CONCLUSIONS Our study compares the genomes of four strains of C. okamuranus and examines their phylogenetic relationships. Due to global environmental changes, including temperature increases, acidification, and pollution, brown algal aquaculture is facing critical challenges. Genomic and phylogenetic information reported by the present research provides useful tools for isolation of novel strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Nishitsuji
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan.
| | - Asuka Arimoto
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
- Present address: Marine Biological Laboratory, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Onomichi, Hiroshima, 722-0073, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Yonashiro
- Okinawa Prefectural Fisheries Research and Extension Center, Itoman, Okinawa, 901-0354, Japan
| | - Kanako Hisata
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Manabu Fujie
- DNA Sequencing Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Mayumi Kawamitsu
- DNA Sequencing Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Eiichi Shoguchi
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Satoh
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
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Sarasan M, Job N, Puthumana J, R R, M P P, Thomas LC, Philip R. Exploration and profiling of hidden endophytic mycota of marine macroalgae with potential drug leads. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2020; 367:fnaa078. [PMID: 32407482 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnaa078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diversity studies of endophytic assemblages are emerging challenges, which unveil novel phenotypes producing interesting chemical entities and a better understanding of their ecological significance. In the present investigation, we selected an extremely complex and unique environment supporting unexplored endophytes, 'Macroalgae of Kerala coast, India'. Unlike terrestrial flora and mangroves, reports displaying endophytic assemblages of marine flora remain limited, especially from India. The main goal of this study was to expose hidden endophytic fungi from macroalgae and examination of their bioactive potential. An ecological investigation of four red, four green and three brown algae resulted in 133 fungal taxa with 29 distinct morphospecies. Aspergillus and Penicillium were found to be the dominant genera. Penicillium chrysogenum was the sole fungi that contributed 11% of the entire endophytic community. Antimicrobial activity against various aquaculture/human pathogens revealed that around 59% of endophytes inhibited at least one of the pathogens screened. The maximum number of isolates (37%) inhibited Escherichia coli tailed by Aspergillus fumigatus (27%). Antimicrobial profile of fungal endophytes endorses them as a potential source of bioactive molecules that can be explored to find a solution for drug resistance in microbial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manomi Sarasan
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala 682016, India
| | - Neema Job
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala 682016, India
| | - Jayesh Puthumana
- National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala 682016, India
| | - Ravinesh R
- Department of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Trivandrum, Kerala 695034, India
| | - Prabhakaran M P
- Department of Fishery Hydrography, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Cochin, Kerala 682506, India
| | - Lathika Cicily Thomas
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala 682016, India
| | - Rosamma Philip
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala 682016, India
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7
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Moody LA. Three-dimensional growth: a developmental innovation that facilitated plant terrestrialization. J Plant Res 2020; 133:283-290. [PMID: 32095969 PMCID: PMC7214384 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01173-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
One of the most transformative events in the history of life on earth was the transition of plants from water to land approximately 470 million years ago. Within the Charophyte green algae, the closest living relatives of land plants, body plans have evolved from those that comprise simple unicells to those that are morphologically complex, large and multicellular. The Charophytes developed these broad ranging body plans by exploiting a range of one-dimensional and two-dimensional growth strategies to produce filaments, mats and branches. When plants were confronted with harsh conditions on land, they were required to make significant changes to the way they shaped their body plans. One of the fundamental developmental transitions that occurred was the evolution of three-dimensional growth and the acquisition of apical cells with three or more cutting faces. Plants subsequently developed a range of morphological adaptations (e.g. vasculature, roots, flowers, seeds) that enabled them to colonise progressively drier environments. 3D apical growth also evolved convergently in the brown algae, completely independently of the green lineage. This review summarises the evolving developmental complexities observed in the early divergent Charophytes all the way through to the earliest conquerors of land, and investigates 3D apical growth in the brown algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Moody
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK.
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Ramos E, Guinda X, Puente A, de la Hoz CF, Juanes JA. Changes in the distribution of intertidal macroalgae along a longitudinal gradient in the northern coast of Spain. Mar Environ Res 2020; 157:104930. [PMID: 32275512 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of macroalgal species along the north and northwest coast of the Iberian Peninsula is in a period of change, during which mostly cold-temperate species have decreased in cover and others have disappeared. On the other hand, other species have increased in abundance. These shifts could be related with the modification of environmental factors that determine species distribution caused by climate change. A standardised sampling methodology was applied at 18 sites along the north coast of Spain in 2011 and 2017. The relationship between the coverage of intertidal macroalgal species and abiotic variables (sea surface temperature, air temperature and significant wave height) was analysed in order to detect possible changes in the historical data. Results suggest a modification in the communities in the inner part of the Bay of Biscay, mostly related to an increase in water and air temperature. Each seaweed group (warm-temperate, cold-temperate, opportunistic and exotic species) showed a different pattern of modification. Coralline algae, Bifurcaria bifurcata and Cystoseira baccata have increased, which may be related to the warming trend. The exotic species Asparagopsis armata has also increased, particularly in the Lower Rias. On the other hand, there was a drastic decrease of the cold-temperate species Himanthalia elongata. Data obtained support the relationship of macroalgae species communities and environment in the context of climate change in this particular area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Ramos
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Isabel Torres, 15, PCTCAN, 39011, Santander, Spain.
| | - Xabier Guinda
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Isabel Torres, 15, PCTCAN, 39011, Santander, Spain.
| | - Araceli Puente
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Isabel Torres, 15, PCTCAN, 39011, Santander, Spain.
| | - Camino F de la Hoz
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Isabel Torres, 15, PCTCAN, 39011, Santander, Spain.
| | - José A Juanes
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. Isabel Torres, 15, PCTCAN, 39011, Santander, Spain.
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Assis J, Fragkopoulou E, Frade D, Neiva J, Oliveira A, Abecasis D, Faugeron S, Serrão EA. A fine-tuned global distribution dataset of marine forests. Sci Data 2020; 7:119. [PMID: 32286314 PMCID: PMC7156423 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-0459-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Species distribution records are a prerequisite to follow climate-induced range shifts across space and time. However, synthesizing information from various sources such as peer-reviewed literature, herbaria, digital repositories and citizen science initiatives is not only costly and time consuming, but also challenging, as data may contain thematic and taxonomic errors and generally lack standardized formats. We address this gap for important marine ecosystem-structuring species of large brown algae and seagrasses. We gathered distribution records from various sources and provide a fine-tuned dataset with ~2.8 million dereplicated records, taxonomically standardized for 682 species, and considering important physiological and biogeographical traits. Specifically, a flagging system was implemented to signal potentially incorrect records reported on land, in regions with limiting light conditions for photosynthesis, and outside the known distribution of species, as inferred from the most recent published literature. We document the procedure and provide a dataset in tabular format based on Darwin Core Standard (DwC), alongside with a set of functions in R language for data management and visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Assis
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Eliza Fragkopoulou
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Duarte Frade
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - João Neiva
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - André Oliveira
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - David Abecasis
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Sylvain Faugeron
- Centro de Conservación Marina and CeBiB, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- UMI 3614 Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Universidad Austral de Chile, Station Biologique, Roscoff, France
| | - Ester A Serrão
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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Dautermann O, Lyska D, Andersen-Ranberg J, Becker M, Fröhlich-Nowoisky J, Gartmann H, Krämer LC, Mayr K, Pieper D, Rij LM, Wipf HML, Niyogi KK, Lohr M. An algal enzyme required for biosynthesis of the most abundant marine carotenoids. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaaw9183. [PMID: 32181334 PMCID: PMC7056318 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw9183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin and its derivatives are the main light-harvesting pigments in the photosynthetic apparatus of many chromalveolate algae and represent the most abundant carotenoids in the world's oceans, thus being major facilitators of marine primary production. A central step in fucoxanthin biosynthesis that has been elusive so far is the conversion of violaxanthin to neoxanthin. Here, we show that in chromalveolates, this reaction is catalyzed by violaxanthin de-epoxidase-like (VDL) proteins and that VDL is also involved in the formation of other light-harvesting carotenoids such as peridinin or vaucheriaxanthin. VDL is closely related to the photoprotective enzyme violaxanthin de-epoxidase that operates in plants and most algae, revealing that in major phyla of marine algae, an ancient gene duplication triggered the evolution of carotenoid functions beyond photoprotection toward light harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Dautermann
- Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Pflanzenbiochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - D. Lyska
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - J. Andersen-Ranberg
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - M. Becker
- Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Pflanzenbiochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Fröhlich-Nowoisky
- Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Pflanzenbiochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - H. Gartmann
- Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Pflanzenbiochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - L. C. Krämer
- Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Pflanzenbiochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - K. Mayr
- Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Pflanzenbiochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - D. Pieper
- Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Pflanzenbiochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - L. M. Rij
- Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Pflanzenbiochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - H. M.-L. Wipf
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - K. K. Niyogi
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - M. Lohr
- Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Pflanzenbiochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Pétursdóttir ÁH, Blagden J, Gunnarsson K, Raab A, Stengel DB, Feldmann J, Gunnlaugsdóttir H. Arsenolipids are not uniformly distributed within two brown macroalgal species Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:4973-4985. [PMID: 31152227 PMCID: PMC6611760 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01907-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Brown macroalgae Saccharina latissima (30-40 individuals) and Alaria esculenta (15-20 individuals) were collected from natural populations in winter in Iceland. The algal thalli were sectioned into different parts (e.g. holdfast, stipe, old frond, young frond and sori-containing frond sections) that differed in age and biological function. The work elucidated that arsenic (As) was not uniformly distributed within the two brown macroalgal species, with lower levels of total As were found in the stipe/midrib compared to other thallus parts. The arsenosugars mirrored the total arsenic in the seaweed mainly due to AsSugSO3 being the most abundant As species. However, arsenic speciation using parallel HPLC-ICP-MS/ESI-MS elucidated that the arsenic-containing lipids (AsL) had a different distribution where the arsenosugarphospholipids (AsPL) differed by approximately a factor of 4 between the sections containing the lowest and highest concentrations of AsPLs. When placing the sections in order of metabolic activity and an estimate of tissue age, there appeared to be a relationship between the activity and AsPLs, with lower levels of AsPLs in oldest parts. This is the first time such a relationship has been shown for AsLs. Hence, by applying sophisticated analytical techniques, it was possible to gain a deeper understanding of arsenolipids in seaweed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Blagden
- Matís, Research and Innovation, Vínlandsleið 12, 113, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Trace Element Speciation Laboratory Aberdeen, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Karl Gunnarsson
- Marine & Freshwater Research Institute, Skúlagata 4, 101, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Andrea Raab
- Trace Element Speciation Laboratory Aberdeen, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Dagmar B Stengel
- Botany and Plant Science, School of Natural Sciences, and, Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jörg Feldmann
- Trace Element Speciation Laboratory Aberdeen, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK.
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12
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Lefranc F, Koutsaviti A, Ioannou E, Kornienko A, Roussis V, Kiss R, Newman D. Algae metabolites: from in vitro growth inhibitory effects to promising anticancer activity. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 36:810-841. [PMID: 30556575 DOI: 10.1039/c8np00057c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 1957 to 2017 Algae constitute a heterogeneous group of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, mainly found in the marine environment. Algae produce numerous metabolites that help them cope with the harsh conditions of the marine environment. Because of their structural diversity and uniqueness, these molecules have recently gained a lot of interest for the identification of medicinally useful agents, including those with potential anticancer activities. In the current review, which is not a catalogue-based one, we first highlight the major biological events that lead to various types of cancer, including metastatic ones, to chemoresistance, thus to any types of current anticancer treatment relating to the use of chemotherapeutics. We then review algal metabolites for which scientific literature reports anticancer activity. Lastly, we focus on algal metabolites with promising anticancer activity based on their ability to target biological characteristics of cancer cells responsible for poor treatment outcomes. Thus, we highlight compounds that have, among others, one or more of the following characteristics: selectivity in reducing the proliferation of cancer cells over normal ones, potential for killing cancer cells through non-apoptotic signaling pathways, ability to circumvent MDR-related efflux pumps, and activity in vivo in relevant pre-clinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Lefranc
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Erasme, ULB, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
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13
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Thodhal Yoganandham S, Raguraman V, Muniswamy G, Sathyamoorthy G, Rajan Renuka R, Chidambaram J, Rajendran T, Chandrasekaran K, Santha Ravindranath RR. Mineral and Trace Metal Concentrations in Seaweeds by Microwave-Assisted Digestion Method Followed by Quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:579-585. [PMID: 29948911 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1397-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the total concentrations of mineral and trace metals sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc, and manganese in the seaweeds Padina tetrastromatica, Turbinaria ornate, Sargassum wightii, Sargassum swartzii, Gracilaria edulis, Ulva lactuca, Chaetomorpha antennina, and Halimeda opuntia collected from mandapam coastal regions, Southeast coast of India. Microwave-assisted digestion was used for sample preparation prior to mineral and trace metal analysis. Mineral and trace metal analyses were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The ranges of concentrations of mineral and trace metals in algae were 27.04 ± 2.54-194.08 ± 2.36 mg/kg for manganese, 1.88 ± 0.10-121.5 ± 0.70 mg/kg for sodium, 6.5 ± 0.56-90.5 ± 2.12 mg/kg for magnesium, 59.07 ± 0.34-672 ± 2.82 mg/kg for potassium, 13.15 ± 2.08-135.13 ± 1.59 for sulfur, 0.003 ± 0.001-3.44 ± 0.13 mg/kg for cobalt, 0.39 ± 0.19-8.95 ± 0.38 mg/kg for copper, 0.72 ± 0.28-25.72 ± 0.39 mg/kg for zinc, and 6.01 ± 0.27-188.47 ± 1.92 mg/kg for iron.The results were evaluated statistically, and the significant difference was observed in the mean concentrations of all mineral and trace elements, except Co, Cu, and Zn, among the type of seaweeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Thodhal Yoganandham
- Ecotoxicology Division, Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.
| | - Vasantharaja Raguraman
- Ecotoxicology Division, Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - GobalaKrishnan Muniswamy
- Ecotoxicology Division, Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Gayathri Sathyamoorthy
- Ecotoxicology Division, Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Remya Rajan Renuka
- Ecotoxicology Division, Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Jayaseelan Chidambaram
- Ecotoxicology Division, Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Thirugnanasambandam Rajendran
- Ecotoxicology Division, Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Kumar Chandrasekaran
- Ecotoxicology Division, Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Radhika Rajasree Santha Ravindranath
- Ecotoxicology Division, Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
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14
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Bruno de Sousa C, Cox CJ, Brito L, Pavão MM, Pereira H, Ferreira A, Ginja C, Campino L, Bermejo R, Parente M, Varela J. Improved phylogeny of brown algae Cystoseira (Fucales) from the Atlantic-Mediterranean region based on mitochondrial sequences. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210143. [PMID: 30699208 PMCID: PMC6364706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystoseira is a common brown algal genus widely distributed throughout the Atlantic and Mediterranean regions whose taxonomical assignment of specimens is often hampered by intra- and interspecific morphological variability. In this study, three mitochondrial regions, namely cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI), 23S rDNA (23S), and 23S-tRNAVal intergenic spacer (mt-spacer) were used to analyse the phylogenetic relationships of 22 Cystoseira taxa (n = 93 samples). A total of 135 sequences (48 from COI, 43 from 23S and 44 from mt-spacer) were newly generated and analysed together with Cystoseira sequences (9 COI, 31 23S and 35 mt-spacer) from other authors. Phylogenetic analysis of these three markers identified 3 well-resolved clades and also corroborated the polyphyletic nature of the genus. The resolution of Cystoseira taxa within the three clades improves significantly when the inclusion of specimens of related genera was minimized. COI and mt-spacer markers resolved the phylogeny of some of the Cystoseira taxa, such as the C. baccata, C. foeniculacea and C. usneoides. Furthermore, trends between phylogeny, embryonic development and available chemotaxonomic classifications were identified, showing that phylogenetic, chemical and morphological data should be taken into account to study the evolutionary relationships among the algae currently classified as Cystoseira. The resolution of Cystoseira macroalgae into three well supported clades achieved here is relevant for a more accurate isolation and identification of natural compounds and the implementation of conservation measures for target species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cymon J. Cox
- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro,
Portugal
| | - Luís Brito
- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro,
Portugal
| | | | - Hugo Pereira
- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro,
Portugal
| | - Ana Ferreira
- Universidade dos Açores, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Ponta
Delgada, Açores, Portugal
| | - Catarina Ginja
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos
Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão,
Portugal
| | - Lenea Campino
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina
Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Bermejo
- Departamento de Biología- Área de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar
y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
- Irish Seaweed Research Group & Earth and Ocean Sciences Department,
Ryan Institute and School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland,
Galway, Ireland
| | - Manuela Parente
- CIBIO-Açores, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos
Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores, Departamento de
Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - João Varela
- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro,
Portugal
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15
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De La Fuente G, Chiantore M, Gaino F, Asnaghi V. Ecological status improvement over a decade along the Ligurian coast according to a macroalgae based index (CARLIT). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206826. [PMID: 30596657 PMCID: PMC6312225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the Water Framework Directive, within 2015 European Union countries must reach and maintain the "good" Ecological Status (ES), quantified through indices based on key biological elements as indicators. Along the Ligurian shallow rocky coasts (NW Italy), a macroalgae based index (CARtography of LITtoral and upper-sublittoral benthic communities, CARLIT), calibrated according to national characteristics and management needs, has been applied by the Regional Environmental Agency over the last ten years. In 2015, at least a "good" ES was achieved in all Ligurian water bodies except one, located in the Eastern Ligurian coastline, characterized by the lack of the most sensitive species, Cystoseira amentacea var. stricta. A general ES improvement has been observed along the Ligurian coastline, also in comparison with other quality indices (macroinvertebrates and fecal bacteria), and in particular in the Genoa water body, as proved by a relevant increase of C. amentacea abundance, probably as a consequence of enhancement in wastewater treatments. In the present study, the reliability of the observed improvement of the ES over a decade has been assessed, teasing apart intra-seasonal and operator-related variability. These results support the reliability of monitoring procedures carried out though the CARLIT Index and highlight the need and the effectiveness of reduction measures for anthropogenic impacts in order to achieve the ES required by European directives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina De La Fuente
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e della Vita–DISTAV, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Chiantore
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e della Vita–DISTAV, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare–CoNISMa, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Gaino
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente Ligure–ARPAL, Genova, Italy
| | - Valentina Asnaghi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e della Vita–DISTAV, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare–CoNISMa, Rome, Italy
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16
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Bell TAS, Sen-Kilic E, Felföldi T, Vasas G, Fields MW, Peyton BM. Microbial community changes during a toxic cyanobacterial bloom in an alkaline Hungarian lake. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2018; 111:2425-2440. [PMID: 30069722 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-018-1132-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The Carpathian Basin is a lowland plain located mainly in Hungary. Due to the nature of the bedrock, alluvial deposits, and a bowl shape, many lakes and ponds of the area are characterized by high alkalinity. In this study, we characterized temporal changes in eukaryal and bacterial community dynamics with high throughput sequencing and relate the changes to environmental conditions in Lake Velence located in Fejér county, Hungary. The sampled Lake Velence microbial populations (algal and bacterial) were analyzed to identify potential correlations with other community members and environmental parameters at six timepoints over 6 weeks in the Spring of 2012. Correlations between community members suggest a positive relationship between certain algal and bacterial populations (e.g. Chlamydomondaceae with Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria), while other correlations allude to changes in these relationships over time. During the study, high nitrogen availability may have favored non-nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria, such as the toxin-producing Microcystis aeruginosa, and the eutrophic effect may have been exacerbated by high phosphorus availability as well as the high calcium and magnesium content of the Carpathian Basin bedrock, potentially fostering exopolymer production and cell aggregation. Cyanobacterial bloom formation could have a negative environmental impact on other community members and potentially affect overall water quality as well as recreational activities. To our knowledge, this is the first prediction for relationships between photoautotrophic eukaryotes and bacteria from an alkaline, Hungarian lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tisza A S Bell
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
- Genome Core and Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
| | - Emel Sen-Kilic
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabor Vasas
- Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Matthew W Fields
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
- Energy Research Institute, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Brent M Peyton
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
- Energy Research Institute, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
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17
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Wang X, Chen Z, Li Q, Zhang J, Liu S, Duan D. High-density SNP-based QTL mapping and candidate gene screening for yield-related blade length and width in Saccharina japonica (Laminariales, Phaeophyta). Sci Rep 2018; 8:13591. [PMID: 30206320 PMCID: PMC6133921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32015-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharina japonica is one of the most important marine crops in China, Japan and Korea. Candidate genes associated with blade length and blade width have not yet been reported. Here, based on SLAF-seq, the 7627 resulting SNP loci were selected for genetic linkage mapping to 31 linkage groups with an average spacing of 0.69 cM, and QTL analyses were performed to map the blade length and blade width phenotypes of S. japonica. In total, 12 QTLs contributing to blade length and 10 to width were detected. Some QTL intervals were detected for both blade length and width. Additive alleles for increasing blade length and width in S. japonica came from both parents. After the QTL interval regions were comparatively mapped to the current reference genome of S. japonica (MEHQ00000000), 14 Tic20 (translocon on the inner envelope membrane of chloroplast) genes and three peptidase genes were identified. RT-qPCR analysis showed that the transcription levels of four Tic20 genes were different not only in the two parent sporophytes but also at different cultivation times within one parent. The SNP markers closely associated with blade length and width could be used to improve the selection efficiency of S. japonica breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuliang Wang
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhihang Chen
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Qiuying Li
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shun Liu
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Delin Duan
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Lab for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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18
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Vuong D, Kaplan M, Lacey HJ, Crombie A, Lacey E, Piggott AM. A study of the chemical diversity of macroalgae from South Eastern Australia. Fitoterapia 2018; 126:53-64. [PMID: 29079035 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgae are a rich source of biologically active chemical diversity for pharmaceutical and agrichemical discovery. However, the ability to understand the complexities of their chemical diversity will dictate whether these natural products have a place in modern discovery paradigms. In this study, we examined the relationship between secondary metabolite production and biological activity for a cohort of 127 macroalgae samples collected from various locations across South Eastern Australia. Approximately 20% of the macroalgae samples showed high levels of chemical diversity and productivity, which also correlated strongly with bioactivity. These "talented" species represent sustainable sources of metabolites that may be readily harvested for large-scale production. At a taxonomic level, significant differences in metabolite production and diversity were observed between Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta and Phaeophyta. For each talented species, the cometabolite pattern was unique to that species, with closely related species within the same genus displaying very different profiles. Despite over 50years of investigation, we estimate that more than two-thirds of the chemical diversity of macroalgae remains unknown to science. By understanding the physicochemical properties and distribution patterns of metabolites, it is possible to make reasoned judgements about sustainable sourcing of macroalgae for biodiscovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vuong
- Microbial Screening Technologies Pty. Ltd, Smithfield, NSW 2164, Australia.
| | - Matvi Kaplan
- Microbial Screening Technologies Pty. Ltd, Smithfield, NSW 2164, Australia.
| | - Heather J Lacey
- Microbial Screening Technologies Pty. Ltd, Smithfield, NSW 2164, Australia.
| | - Andrew Crombie
- Microbial Screening Technologies Pty. Ltd, Smithfield, NSW 2164, Australia.
| | - Ernest Lacey
- Microbial Screening Technologies Pty. Ltd, Smithfield, NSW 2164, Australia; Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Andrew M Piggott
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
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19
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Chi S, Liu T, Wang X, Wang R, Wang S, Wang G, Shan G, Liu C. Functional genomics analysis reveals the biosynthesis pathways of important cellular components (alginate and fucoidan) of Saccharina. Curr Genet 2018; 64:259-273. [PMID: 28825126 PMCID: PMC5778160 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-017-0733-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although alginate and fucoidan are unique cellular components and have important biological significance in brown algae, and many possible involved genes are present in brown algal genomes, their functions and regulatory mechanisms have not been fully revealed. Both polysaccharides may play important roles in the evolution of multicellular brown algae, but specific and in-depth studies are still limited. In this study, a functional genomics analysis of alginate and fucoidan biosynthesis routes was conducted in Saccharina, and the key events in these pathways in brown algae were identified. First, genes from different sources, including eukaryotic hosts via endosymbiotic gene transfer and bacteria via horizontal gene transfer, were combined to build a complete pathway framework. Then, a critical event occurred to drive these pathways to have real function: one of the mannose-6-phosphate isomerase homologs that arose by gene duplication subsequently adopted the function of the mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase (MGP) gene, which was absent in algal genomes. Further, downstream pathway genes proceeded with gene expansions and complex transcriptional mechanisms, which may be conducive to the synthesis of alginate and fucoidan with diverse structures and contents depending on the developmental stage, tissue structure, and environmental conditions. This study revealed the alginate and fucoidan synthesis pathways and all included genes from separate phylogenetic sources in brown algae. Enzyme assays confirmed the function of key genes and led to the determination of a substitute for the missing MPG. All gene families had constitutively expressed member(s) to maintain the basic synthesis; and the gene function differentiation, enzyme characterization and gene expression regulation differences separated brown algae from other algae lineages and were considered to be the major driving forces for sophisticated system evolution of brown algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Chi
- Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
- Qingdao Haida BlueTek Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xumin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Key Laboratory of Genome and Precision Medicine Technologies, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Genomics for Dao-di Herbs, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren Wang
- Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Key Laboratory of Genome and Precision Medicine Technologies, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Genomics for Dao-di Herbs, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangle Shan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Key Laboratory of Genome and Precision Medicine Technologies, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Genomics for Dao-di Herbs, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Liu
- Qingdao Haida BlueTek Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Qingdao, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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20
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Graf L, Kim YJ, Cho GY, Miller KA, Yoon HS. Plastid and mitochondrial genomes of Coccophora langsdorfii (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) and the utility of molecular markers. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187104. [PMID: 29095864 PMCID: PMC5695614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Coccophora langsdorfii (Turner) Greville (Fucales) is an intertidal brown alga that is endemic to Northeast Asia and increasingly endangered by habitat loss and climate change. We sequenced the complete circular plastid and mitochondrial genomes of C. langsdorfii. The circular plastid genome is 124,450 bp and contains 139 protein-coding, 28 tRNA and 6 rRNA genes. The circular mitochondrial genome is 35,660 bp and contains 38 protein-coding, 25 tRNA and 3 rRNA genes. The structure and gene content of the C. langsdorfii plastid genome is similar to those of other species in the Fucales. The plastid genomes of brown algae in other orders share similar gene content but exhibit large structural recombination. The large in-frame insert in the cox2 gene in the mitochondrial genome of C. langsdorfii is typical of other brown algae. We explored the effect of this insertion on the structure and function of the cox2 protein. We estimated the usefulness of 135 plastid genes and 35 mitochondrial genes for developing molecular markers. This study shows that 29 organellar genes will prove efficient for resolving brown algal phylogeny. In addition, we propose a new molecular marker suitable for the study of intraspecific genetic diversity that should be tested in a large survey of populations of C. langsdorfii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Graf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yae Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ga Youn Cho
- National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kathy Ann Miller
- University Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States of America
| | - Hwan Su Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
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21
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López-Pérez O, Picon A, Nuñez M. Volatile compounds and odour characteristics of seven species of dehydrated edible seaweeds. Food Res Int 2017; 99:1002-1010. [PMID: 28865610 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The volatile fraction of dehydrated edible seaweeds belonging to seven species (Himanthalia elongata, Laminaria ochroleuca, Palmaria palmata, Porphyra umbilicalis, Saccharina latissima, Ulva lactuca and Undaria pinnatifida) was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, after solid-phase microextraction of samples. Thirty-six hydrocarbons, 34 ketones, 28 aldehydes, 23 alcohols, 8 carboxylic acids, 6 halogenated compounds, 4 furans, 3 esters, 2 sulphur compounds, 2 pyrazines, 1 pyridine and 1 amine were detected among the 151 volatile compounds found in seaweeds. There were significant differences between seaweed species for all the volatile compounds. Hydrocarbons reached their highest levels in U. pinnatifida, ketones in P. umbilicalis, aldehydes in P. palmata and P. umbilicalis, alcohols in P. umbilicalis, carboxylic acids in S. latissima, and halogenated compounds in L. ochroleuca and S. latissima. Sensory analysis revealed that P. palmata, U. lactuca and H. elongata were the seaweeds showing the most potent seafood odour and seaweed odour characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- O López-Pérez
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, INIA, Carretera de la Coruña, km 7, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - A Picon
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, INIA, Carretera de la Coruña, km 7, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - M Nuñez
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, INIA, Carretera de la Coruña, km 7, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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22
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Salmeán AA, Duffieux D, Harholt J, Qin F, Michel G, Czjzek M, Willats WGT, Hervé C. Insoluble (1 → 3), (1 → 4)-β-D-glucan is a component of cell walls in brown algae (Phaeophyceae) and is masked by alginates in tissues. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2880. [PMID: 28588313 PMCID: PMC5460208 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03081-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown algae are photosynthetic multicellular marine organisms. They belong to the phylum of Stramenopiles, which are not closely related to land plants and green algae. Brown algae share common evolutionary features with other photosynthetic and multicellular organisms, including a carbohydrate-rich cell-wall. Brown algal cell walls are composed predominantly of the polyanionic polysaccharides alginates and fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides. These polymers are prevalent over neutral and crystalline components, which are believed to be mostly, if not exclusively, cellulose. In an attempt to better understand brown algal cell walls, we performed an extensive glycan array analysis of a wide range of brown algal species. Here we provide the first demonstration that mixed-linkage (1 → 3), (1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (MLG) is common in brown algal cell walls. Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography analyses indicate that MLG in brown algae solely consists of trisaccharide units of contiguous (1 → 4)-β-linked glucose residues joined by (1 → 3)-β-linkages. This regular conformation may allow long stretches of the molecule to align and to form well-structured microfibrils. At the tissue level, immunofluorescence studies indicate that MLG epitopes in brown algae are unmasked by a pre-treatment with alginate lyases to remove alginates. These findings are further discussed in terms of the origin and evolution of MLG in the Stramenopile lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando A Salmeán
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Delphine Duffieux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France
| | - Jesper Harholt
- Carlsberg Research Laboratory, J.C. Jacobsens Gade 4, 1799, København V, Denmark
| | - Fen Qin
- Carlsberg Research Laboratory, J.C. Jacobsens Gade 4, 1799, København V, Denmark
| | - Gurvan Michel
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France
| | - Mirjam Czjzek
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France
| | - William G T Willats
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
- William G.T. Willats, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Cécile Hervé
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France.
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France.
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23
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Abstract
Brown algae exhibit three patterns of sexual reproduction: isogamy, anisogamy, and oogamy. Unicellular swarmers including gametes and zoospores bear two heterogenous flagella, an anterior flagellum with mastigonemes (fine tripartite hairs) and a posterior one. In seawater, these flagellates usually receive physico-chemical signals for finding partners and good habitats. It is well known that brown algal swarmers change their swimming direction depending on blue light (phototaxis), and male gametes do so, based on the sex pheromones from female gametes (chemotaxis). In recent years, the comparative analysis of chemotaxis in isogamy, anisogamy, and oogamy has been conducted. In this paper, we focused on the phototaxis and chemotaxis of brown algal gametes comparing the current knowledge with our recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Chikako Nagasato
- Muroran Marine Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Muroran, Hokkaido, 051-0013, Japan
| | - Taizo Motomura
- Muroran Marine Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Muroran, Hokkaido, 051-0013, Japan.
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24
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Vieira C, Camacho O, Sun Z, Fredericq S, Leliaert F, Payri C, De Clerck O. Historical biogeography of the highly diverse brown seaweed Lobophora (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 110:81-92. [PMID: 28279809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The tropical to warm-temperate marine brown macroalgal genus Lobophora (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) recently drew attention because of its striking regional diversity. In this study we reassess Lobophora global species diversity, and species distributions, and explore how historical factors have shaped current diversity patterns. We applied a series of algorithmic species delineation techniques on a global mitochondrial cox3 dataset of 598 specimens, resulting in an estimation of 98-121 species. This diversity by far exceeds traditional diversity estimates based on morphological data. A multi-locus time-calibrated species phylogeny using a relaxed molecular clock, along with DNA-confirmed species distribution data was used to analyse ancestral area distributions, dispersal-vicariance-founder events, and temporal patterns of diversification under different biogeographical models. The origin of Lobophora was estimated in the Upper Cretaceous (-75 to -60 MY), followed by gradual diversification until present. While most speciation events were inferred within marine realms, founder events also played a non-negligible role in Lobophora diversification. The Central Indo-Pacific showed the highest species diversity as a result of higher speciation events in this region. Most Lobophora species have small ranges limited to marine realms. Lobophora probably originated in the Tethys Sea and dispersed repeatedly in the Atlantic (including the Gulf of Mexico) and Pacific Oceans. The formation of the major historical marine barriers (Terminal Tethyan event, Isthmus of Panama, Benguela upwelling) did not act as important vicariance events. Long-distance dispersal presumably represented an important mode of speciation over evolutionary time-scales. The limited geographical ranges of most Lobophora species, however, vouch for the rarity of such events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Vieira
- ENTROPIE (IRD, UR, CNRS), LabEx-CORAIL, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, B.P. A5, 98848 Nouméa Cedex, Nouvelle-Calédonie, France; Phycology Research Group and Center for Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Ghent University, Gent B-9000, Belgium; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, IFD, Paris F75252, France.
| | - Olga Camacho
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504-3602, USA
| | - Zhongmin Sun
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, China
| | - Suzanne Fredericq
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504-3602, USA
| | - Frederik Leliaert
- Phycology Research Group and Center for Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Ghent University, Gent B-9000, Belgium; Botanic Garden Meise, 1860 Meise, Belgium
| | - Claude Payri
- ENTROPIE (IRD, UR, CNRS), LabEx-CORAIL, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, B.P. A5, 98848 Nouméa Cedex, Nouvelle-Calédonie, France
| | - Olivier De Clerck
- Phycology Research Group and Center for Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Ghent University, Gent B-9000, Belgium
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25
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Salem AB, Di Giuseppe G, Anesi A, Hammami S, Mighri Z, Guella G. Natural Products among Brown Algae: The Case of Cystoseira schiffneri Hamel (Sargassaceae, Phaeophyceae). Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [PMID: 27981801 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A chemotaxonomic study on the marine brown alga Cystoseira schiffneri collected from the Tunisian marine coast allowed us to identify kjellmanianone (1) and a new isololiolide derivative named schiffnerilolide (2). The structure elucidation and the assignment of relative configurations of the isolated natural products were based on advanced mass spectrometric and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. This outcome suggested a close phylogenetic relationship of C. schiffneri with brown algae belonging to genus Sargassum C. Agardh. Molecular characterization using the nuclear small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) gene (18S) sequence as genetic marker was made. Pigment analysis showed a significant seasonal change of carotenoids, in particular of fucoxanthin and fucoxanthinol. Also galactolipids, the main constituents of the thylakoid membranes, showed remarkable seasonal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkader Ben Salem
- Research Unit of Applied Chemistry and Environment (UR13ES63), Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, 5000 Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38123, Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - Graziano Di Giuseppe
- Unit of Zoology-Anthropology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Anesi
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38123, Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - Saoussen Hammami
- Research Unit of Applied Chemistry and Environment (UR13ES63), Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, 5000 Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zine Mighri
- Research Unit of Applied Chemistry and Environment (UR13ES63), Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, 5000 Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Graziano Guella
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38123, Povo, Trento, Italy
- Biophysical Institute, CNR, 38123, Povo, Trento, Italy
- Centre for Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Trento, via Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all Adige, Trento, Italy
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26
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Kawai H, Hanyuda T, Gao X, Terauchi M, Miyata M, Lindstrom SC, Klochkova NG, Miller KA. Taxonomic revision of the Agaraceae with a description of Neoagarum gen. nov. and reinstatement of Thalassiophyllum. J Phycol 2017; 53:261-270. [PMID: 28078742 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We confirmed the monophyly of the Agaraceae based on phylogenetic analyses of six mitochondrial and six chloroplast gene sequences from Agarum, Costaria, Dictyoneurum, and Thalassiophyllum species, as well as representative species from other laminarialean families. However, the genus Agarum was paraphyletic, comprising two independent clades, A. clathratum/A. turneri and A. fimbriatum/A. oharaense. The latter clade was genetically most closely related to Dictyoneurum spp., and morphologically, the species shared a flattened stipe bearing fimbriae (potential secondary haptera) in the mid- to upper portion. The phylogenetic position of Thalassiophyllum differed between the two datasets: in the chloroplast gene phylogeny, Thalassiophyllum was included in the A. clathratum/A. turneri clade, but in the mitochondrial gene phylogeny, it formed an independent clade at the base of the Agaraceae, the same position it took in the phylogeny when the data from both genomes were combined despite a larger number of bp being contributed by the chloroplast gene sequences. Considering the remarkable morphological differences between Thalassiophyllum and other Agaraceae, and the molecular support, we conclude that Thalassiophyllum should be reinstated as an independent genus. Dictyoneurum reticulatum was morphologically distinguishable from D. californicum due to its midrib, but because of their close genetic relationship, further investigations are needed to clarify species-level taxonomy. In summary, we propose the establishment of a new genus Neoagarum to accommodate A. fimbriatum and A. oharanese and the reinstatement of the genus Thalassiophyllum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawai
- Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takeaki Hanyuda
- Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Xu Gao
- Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Makoto Terauchi
- Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiko Miyata
- Natural History Museum & Institute, Chiba 955-2 Aobacho, Chiba, 260-8662, Japan
| | - Sandra C Lindstrom
- Department of Botany & Beaty Biodiversity Museum, University of British Columbia, #3529-6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Nina G Klochkova
- Kamchatka State Technical University, Klyuchevskaya Str. -3, 683003, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
| | - Kathy Ann Miller
- Silva Center for Phycological Documentation, University Herbarium, University of California, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Building #2465, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
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27
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Zhang J, Wang X, Yao J, Li Q, Liu F, Yotsukura N, Krupnova TN, Duan D. Effect of domestication on the genetic diversity and structure of Saccharina japonica populations in China. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42158. [PMID: 28176848 PMCID: PMC5296902 DOI: 10.1038/srep42158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharina japonica is a commercially and ecologically important seaweed and is an excellent system for understanding the effects of domestication on marine crops. In this study, we used 19 selected simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to investigate the influence of domestication on the genetic diversity and structure of S. japonica populations. Wild kelp populations exhibited higher genetic diversity than cultivated populations based on total NA, HE, HO, NP and AR. Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC), a neighbour-joining (NJ) tree and STRUCTURE analyses indicated that S. japonica populations could be divided into two groups (a cultivated/introduced group and a wild indigenous group) with significant genetic differentiation (P < 0.0001). Divergent selection, continuous inbreeding and inter-specific hybridization have caused the divergence of these two genetically separate gene pools. The significant genetic differentiation between northern and southern cultivated populations appears to be due to inter-specific hybridization and wild germplasm introduction during the domestication process. In addition, the cultivation of S. japonica has not resulted in any serious genetic disturbance of wild introduced S. japonica populations. An understanding of the genetic diversity and genetic structure of domesticated S. japonica will be necessary for further genetic improvement and effective use of germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiuliang Wang
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jianting Yao
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qiuying Li
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fuli Liu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Norishige Yotsukura
- Field Science Centre for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0809, Japan
| | - Tatiana N. Krupnova
- Pacific Research Fisheries Centre (TINRO-Centre), Vladivostok, 690600, Russia
| | - Delin Duan
- Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Leliaert
- Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860, Meise, Belgium
- Phycology Research Group, Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier De Clerck
- Phycology Research Group, Biology Department, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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29
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Montecinos AE, Couceiro L, Peters AF, Desrut A, Valero M, Guillemin ML. Species delimitation and phylogeographic analyses in the Ectocarpus subgroup siliculosi (Ectocarpales, Phaeophyceae). J Phycol 2017; 53:17-31. [PMID: 27454456 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The genus Ectocarpus (Ectocarpales, Phaeophyceae) contains filamentous algae widely distributed in marine and estuarine habitats of temperate regions in both hemispheres. While E. siliculosus has become a model organism for genomics and genetics of the brown macroalgae, accurate species delineation, distribution patterns and diversity for the genus Ectocarpus remain problematic. In this study, we used three independent species delimitation approaches to generate a robust species hypothesis for 729 Ectocarpus specimens collected mainly along the European and Chilean coasts. These approaches comprised phylogenetic reconstructions and two bioinformatics tools developed to objectively define species boundaries (General Mixed Yule Coalescence Method and Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery). Our analyses were based on DNA sequences of two loci: the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 and the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 1 of the ribosomal DNA. Our analyses showed the presence of at least 15 cryptic species and suggest the existence of incomplete lineage sorting or introgression between five of them. These results suggested the possible existence of different levels of reproductive barriers within this species complex. We also detected differences among species in their phylogeographic patterns, range and depth distributions, which may suggest different biogeographic histories (e.g., endemic species or recent introductions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro E Montecinos
- CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris VI, PUC, UACH, UMI 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place G. Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Lucia Couceiro
- CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris VI, PUC, UACH, UMI 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place G. Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Akira F Peters
- Bezhin Rosko, 40 rue des pêcheurs, 29250, Santec, France
| | - Antoine Desrut
- CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris VI, PUC, UACH, UMI 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place G. Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Myriam Valero
- CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris VI, PUC, UACH, UMI 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place G. Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
| | - Marie-Laure Guillemin
- CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris VI, PUC, UACH, UMI 3614, Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Place G. Teissier, 29680, Roscoff, France
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
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30
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Chan RT, Keating KS, Go MC, Toor N. Identification of a GUAAY Pentaloop Sequence Involved in a Novel RNA Loop-Helix Interaction. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:4882-4889. [PMID: 27771480 PMCID: PMC5138090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Large RNAs often utilize GNRA tetraloops as structural elements to stabilize the overall tertiary fold. These tetraloop-receptor (TR) interactions have a conserved geometry in which the tetraloop docks into the receptor at an angle of ~15° from the helix containing the receptor. Here, we show that the conserved GUAAY pentaloop found in domain III of group IIB1 introns participates in a novel class of RNA tertiary interaction with a geometry and mode of binding that are significantly different from that found in GNRA TR interactions. This pentaloop is highly conserved within the IIB1 class and interacts with the minor groove of the catalytic domain V. The base planes of the loop and receptor nucleotides are not coplanar and greatly deviate from standard A-minor motifs. The helical axis of the GUAAY stem loop diverges ~70° from the angle of insertion found in a typical GNRA TR interaction. Therefore, the loop architecture and insertion orientation are distinctive, with in vitro splicing data indicating that a GNRA tetraloop is incompatible at this position. The GUAAY pentaloop-receptor motif is also found in the structure of the eukaryotic thiamine pyrophosphate riboswitch in the context of a hexanucleotide loop sequence. We therefore propose, based on phylogenetic, structural, and biochemical data, that the GUAAY pentaloop-receptor interaction represents a novel structural motif that is present in multiple structured RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell T Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Michaela C Go
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Navtej Toor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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31
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Zhang L, Wang X, Liu T, Wang G, Chi S, Liu C, Wang H. Complete mitochondrial genome of Kjellmaniella crassifolia (Laminariaceae, Phaeophyceae): Laminaria and Saccharina are distinct genus. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016; 27:4592-4594. [PMID: 27159726 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1060427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The kelp Kjellmaniella crassifolia is one of the most important economic resources, which is widely distributed in Japan and has now been introduced to coastal areas in China's Shandong Province for cultivation. In this study, we present the complete mitochondrial genome of K. crassifolia. The genome is characterized as a circular molecule of 37,627 bp in length with an overall A + T content of 64.81%. The mitogenome contains three ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA), 24 transfer RNA genes (tRNA), 35 protein-coding genes, and three conserved open reading frames (ORFs). Most genes are encoded on the H-strand and 11 pairs of overlapping genes are identified with the overlap size from 1 to 16 bp. The gene content and organization of mitogenome for K. crassifolia is identical to those for Saccharina, Laminaria, Undaria, and Costaria. Phylogenetic analysis based on 35 mitochondrial protein-coding genes clearly proves that Laminaria and Saccharina are distinct genus identified by Kjellmaniella. The present study provides new molecular data for further studies on evolutionary relationship within Phaeophyceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- a Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organism , College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , PR China and
| | - Xumin Wang
- b Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- a Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organism , College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , PR China and
| | - Guoliang Wang
- b Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , PR China
| | - Shan Chi
- a Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organism , College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , PR China and
| | - Cui Liu
- a Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organism , College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , PR China and
| | - Haiyang Wang
- a Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organism , College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China , Qingdao , PR China and
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Donis-González IR, Guyer DE, Fulbright DW. Quantification and identification of microorganisms found on shell and kernel of fresh edible chestnuts in Michigan. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:4514-22. [PMID: 26869338 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chestnut is a relatively new cultivated crop for Michigan, and postharvest loss due to decay has been problematic as production has increased each year. In 2007, more than 25% of chestnuts were lost to postharvest decay, equivalent to approximately 5300 kg of fresh product. To determine the organisms responsible for decay, a microbiological survey was performed in 2006 and 2007 to identify microorganisms involved in postharvest shell (external surface) mold and internal kernel (edible portion) decay of chestnuts. RESULTS Filamentous fungi including Penicillium expansum, Penicillium griseofulvum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Coniophora puteana, Acrospeira mirabilis, Botryosphaeria ribis, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botryotinia fuckeliana (anamorph Botrytis cinerea) and Gibberella sp. (anamorph Fusarium sp.) were the predominant microorganisms that negatively impacted fresh chestnuts. Populations of microorganisms varied between farms, harvesting methods and chestnut parts. CONCLUSION Chestnuts harvested from the orchard floor were significantly (P < 0.05) more contaminated than chestnuts harvested directly from the tree, by more than 2 log colony-forming units (CFU) g(-1) . In addition, a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the microbial population was seen between chestnuts submitted by different growers, with average count ranges of fungi, mesophilic aerobic bacteria (MAB) and yeasts equal to 4.75, 4.59 and 4.75 log CFU g(-1) respectively. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irwin R Donis-González
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Daniel E Guyer
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Dennis W Fulbright
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Fan X, Wang S, Xu D, Zhang X, Xu L, Miao Y, Ye N. Sequencing of complete mitochondrial genome of brown algal Saccharina sp. ye-F. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016; 27:3693-4. [PMID: 26358639 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1079859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The complete sequence (37 657 bp) of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of the Saccharina sp. ye-F was determined using Illumina sequencing data (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA). The genome contains 38 protein-coding genes (PCG), three ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and 25 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes that are typical of Saccharina mtDNA. A phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial genomes of brown algae indicated that Saccharina sp. ye-F and Saccharina longissima, Saccharina japonica are the most closely related species, which strongly supports their close phylogenetic affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Fan
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
| | - Shuai Wang
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
- b College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University , Shanghai , China
| | - Dong Xu
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
| | - Le Xu
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
- b College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yu Miao
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
| | - Naihao Ye
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
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Kawai H, Hanyuda T, Bolton J, Anderson R. Molecular phylogeny of Zeacarpa (Ralfsiales, Phaeophyceae) proposing a new family Zeacarpaceae and its transfer to Nemodermatales. J Phycol 2016; 52:682-6. [PMID: 27038002 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Zeacarpa leiomorpha is a crustose brown alga endemic to South Africa. The species has been tentatively placed in Ralfsiaceae, but its ordinal assignment has been uncertain. The molecular phylogeny of brown algae based on concatenated DNA sequences of seven chloroplast and mitochondrial gene sequences (atpB, psaA, psaB, psbA, psbC, rbcL, and cox1) of taxa covering most of the orders revealed the most related phylogenetic relationship of Z. leiomorpha to Nemoderma tingitanum (Nemodermatales) rather than Ralfsiaceae (Ralfsiales). Morphologically, Zeacarpa and Nemoderma share crustose thallus structure and multiple discoidal chloroplasts without pyrenoids in each cell, however, the formation of lateral unilocular zoidangia in tufts in loose upright filaments in Zeacarpa is distinctive in brown algae. Considering the relatively distant genetic divergence between the two taxa, comparable to that among families or orders in representative brown algae, in addition to the above-mentioned unique morphological features, we propose the classification of Zeacarpa in a new family Zeacarpaceae in the order Nemodermatales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawai
- Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takeaki Hanyuda
- Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - John Bolton
- Department of Biological Sciences and Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Robert Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences and Marine Research Institute, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Private Bag X2, Roggebaai, 8012, South Africa
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35
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Küpper FC, Peters AF, Shewring DM, Sayer MDJ, Mystikou A, Brown H, Azzopardi E, Dargent O, Strittmatter M, Brennan D, Asensi AO, van West P, Wilce RT. Arctic marine phytobenthos of northern Baffin Island. J Phycol 2016; 52:532-49. [PMID: 27037790 PMCID: PMC5113804 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change is expected to alter the polar bioregions faster than any other marine environment. This study assesses the biodiversity of seaweeds and associated eukaryotic pathogens of an established study site in northern Baffin Island (72° N), providing a baseline inventory for future work assessing impacts of the currently ongoing changes in the Arctic marine environment. A total of 33 Phaeophyceae, 24 Rhodophyceae, 2 Chlorophyceae, 12 Ulvophyceae, 1 Trebouxiophyceae, and 1 Dinophyceae are reported, based on collections of an expedition to the area in 2009, complemented by unpublished records of Robert T. Wilce and the first-ever photographic documentation of the phytobenthos of the American Arctic. Molecular barcoding of isolates raised from incubated substratum samples revealed the presence of 20 species of brown seaweeds, including gametophytes of kelp and of a previously unsequenced Desmarestia closely related to D. viridis, two species of Pylaiella, the kelp endophyte Laminariocolax aecidioides and 11 previously unsequenced species of the Ectocarpales, highlighting the necessity to include molecular techniques for fully unraveling cryptic algal diversity. This study also includes the first records of Eurychasma dicksonii, a eukaryotic pathogen affecting seaweeds, from the American Arctic. Overall, this study provides both the most accurate inventory of seaweed diversity of the northern Baffin Island region to date and can be used as an important basis to understand diversity changes with climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frithjof C Küpper
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunbeg, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, UK
- Oceanlab, University of Aberdeen, Main Street, Newburgh, AB41 6AA, UK
| | - Akira F Peters
- BEZHIN ROSKO, 40 rue des pêcheurs, 29250, Santec, France
| | - Dawn M Shewring
- Oceanlab, University of Aberdeen, Main Street, Newburgh, AB41 6AA, UK
| | - Martin D J Sayer
- UK National Facility for Scientific Diving, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunbeg, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, UK
| | | | - Hugh Brown
- UK National Facility for Scientific Diving, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunbeg, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, UK
| | - Elaine Azzopardi
- UK National Facility for Scientific Diving, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunbeg, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, UK
| | - Olivier Dargent
- Centre International de Valbonne, 190 rue Frédéric Mistral, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | | | - Debra Brennan
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunbeg, Oban, Argyll, PA37 1QA, UK
| | | | - Pieter van West
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Aberdeen Oomycete Laboratory, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Robert T Wilce
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
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Wang S, Fan X, Xu D, Zhang X, Miao Y, Xu L, Ye N. Sequencing of complete mitochondrial genome of brown algal Saccharina sp. ye-W. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016; 27:3026-7. [PMID: 26153752 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1063051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The complete sequence (37 657 bp) of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of the Saccharina sp. ye-W was determined using Illumina sequencing data. The genome contains 38 protein-coding genes (PCG), three ribosomal RNA (rRNA), 25 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes that are typical of Saccharina mtDNA. Phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial genomes of brown algae indicated that Saccharina sp. ye-W and Saccharina longissima, Saccharina japonica are the most closely related species, which strongly supports their close phylogenetic affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
- b College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiao Fan
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
| | - Dong Xu
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
| | - Yu Miao
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
| | - Le Xu
- b College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University , Shanghai , China
| | - Naihao Ye
- a Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences , Qingdao , China and
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37
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Iveša L, Djakovac T, Devescovi M. Long-term fluctuations in Cystoseira populations along the west Istrian Coast (Croatia) related to eutrophication patterns in the northern Adriatic Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2016; 106:162-73. [PMID: 26975612 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An exploration of historical data suggested that eutrophication patterns might drive long-term fluctuations in Cystoseira populations along the west Istrian Coast (northern Adriatic Sea, Croatia). The regimes of northern Italian rivers, which flow approximately 100km west of the study area, mainly modulate the eutrophication levels of the northern Adriatic Sea. A regression of Cystoseira populations from the 1970s through the 1990s corresponded to increased levels of eutrophication in the study area. During the late 1990s, the density of sea urchins, which are efficacious macroalgal predators, decreased, likely due to an intense formation of pelagic mucilage aggregates that resulted in mass mortality episodes of macrozoobenthic species. During the 2000-2013 period, an oligotrophication of the northern Adriatic formed the basis for the recovery of Cystoseira taxa, whose abundances from 2009 to 2013 were similar to those characterising the most flourishing Mediterranean Cystoseira assemblages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljiljana Iveša
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, G. Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia.
| | - Tamara Djakovac
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, G. Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Massimo Devescovi
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, G. Paliaga 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia
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38
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Liu F, Pang S, Li J, Li X. Complete mitochondrial genome of the brown alga Colpomenia peregrina (Scytosiphonaceae, Phaeophyceae): genome characterization and comparative analyses. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016; 27:1601-3. [PMID: 25208185 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2014.958688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Colpomenia peregrina Sauvageau has a biphasic, heteromorphic life history alternated with saccate gametophytes and crustose sporophytes. The circular C. peregrina mitogenome is 36,025 bp in length and encodes 66 genes, including 3 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA), 25 transfer RNA genes (tRNA), 35 protein-coding genes, and 3 open reading frames (ORFs). It is the shortest and most compact of the sequenced Ectocarpales mitogenomes to date. The overall A + T content in C. peregrina mitogenome is 68.01%, higher than that of other reported Ectocarpales species (62.01-66.49%). The total intergenic spacers are 1499 bp, constituting 4.16% of the whole genome. Genome organization of C. peregrina is essentially identical to that of known Ectocarpales species, except for Pylaiella littoralis. Phylogenetic analyses based on 35 protein-coding genes show that Scytosiphon lomentaria and Petalonia fascia firstly cluster together, and then group with C. peregrina forming the Scytosiphon-Petalonia-Colpomenia subclade with high support values, indicating their close evolutionary relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology , Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P.R. China
| | - Shaojun Pang
- a Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology , Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- a Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology , Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P.R. China
| | - Xia Li
- a Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology , Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P.R. China
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Desideri D, Cantaluppi C, Ceccotto F, Meli MA, Roselli C, Feduzi L. Essential and toxic elements in seaweeds for human consumption. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2016; 79:112-22. [PMID: 26817952 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1113598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Essential elements (K, Ca, P, S, Cl, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Br, and I) and nonessential or toxic elements (Al, Ti, Si, Rb, Sr, As, Cd, Sn, and Pb) were determined by energy-dispersive polarized x-ray fluorescence spectrometry in 14 seaweeds purchased in local specialty stores in Italy and consumed by humans. The differences in elements between the algae species reached up to 2-4 orders of magnitude. Lithothamnium calcareum showed the highest levels of Ca, Al, Si, Fe, and Ti. Palmaria palmata showed the highest concentrations of K, Rb, and Cl. The highest content of S was in Chondrus crispus. Laminaria digitata contained the highest concentrations of total As, Cd, Sn, Br, and I. The highest concentration of Zn was in Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Ulva lactuca displayed the highest levels of Cu, Ni, Mn, and Pb. Iodine levels ranged from 3.4 in Chlorella pyrenoidosa to 7316 mg/kg(dry) in Laminaria digitata. The nutrimental importance of essential elements was assessed using nutritional requirements. The results showed that the consumption of algae might serve as an important source of the essential elements. Health risk due to the toxic elements present in seaweed was estimated using risk estimators. Total As, Cd, and Pb concentrations ranged from <1 to 67.6, to 7.2 and to 6.7 mg/kg(dry) respectively; therefore, their contribution to total elemental intake does not appear to pose any threat to the consumers, but the concentrations of these elements should be controlled to protect the consumer against potential adverse health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Desideri
- a Biomolecular Sciences Department , Urbino University "Carlo Bo," Urbino , Italy
| | - C Cantaluppi
- b CNR-IENI, Corso Stati Uniti 4 , Padova , Italy
| | - F Ceccotto
- b CNR-IENI, Corso Stati Uniti 4 , Padova , Italy
| | - M A Meli
- a Biomolecular Sciences Department , Urbino University "Carlo Bo," Urbino , Italy
| | - C Roselli
- a Biomolecular Sciences Department , Urbino University "Carlo Bo," Urbino , Italy
| | - L Feduzi
- a Biomolecular Sciences Department , Urbino University "Carlo Bo," Urbino , Italy
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40
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Panova M, Aronsson H, Cameron RA, Dahl P, Godhe A, Lind U, Ortega-Martinez O, Pereyra R, Tesson SVM, Wrange AL, Blomberg A, Johannesson K. DNA Extraction Protocols for Whole-Genome Sequencing in Marine Organisms. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1452:13-44. [PMID: 27460368 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3774-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The marine environment harbors a large proportion of the total biodiversity on this planet, including the majority of the earths' different phyla and classes. Studying the genomes of marine organisms can bring interesting insights into genome evolution. Today, almost all marine organismal groups are understudied with respect to their genomes. One potential reason is that extraction of high-quality DNA in sufficient amounts is challenging for many marine species. This is due to high polysaccharide content, polyphenols and other secondary metabolites that will inhibit downstream DNA library preparations. Consequently, protocols developed for vertebrates and plants do not always perform well for invertebrates and algae. In addition, many marine species have large population sizes and, as a consequence, highly variable genomes. Thus, to facilitate the sequence read assembly process during genome sequencing, it is desirable to obtain enough DNA from a single individual, which is a challenge in many species of invertebrates and algae. Here, we present DNA extraction protocols for seven marine species (four invertebrates, two algae, and a marine yeast), optimized to provide sufficient DNA quality and yield for de novo genome sequencing projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Panova
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden.
| | - Henrik Aronsson
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R Andrew Cameron
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Peter Dahl
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Godhe
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Lind
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
| | | | - Ricardo Pereyra
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Sylvie V M Tesson
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Anna-Lisa Wrange
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
| | - Anders Blomberg
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Strömstad, Sweden
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Liu F, Pang S. Mitochondrial genome of Turbinaria ornata (Sargassaceae, Phaeophyceae): comparative mitogenomics of brown algae. Curr Genet 2015; 61:621-31. [PMID: 25893565 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-015-0488-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J. Agardh is a perennial brown alga native to coral reef ecosystems of tropical areas of the Pacific and Indian Ocean. Very little is known about its organellar genome structure. In the present work, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of T. ornata was determined and compared with other reported brown algal mtDNAs. The circular mitogenome of 34,981 bp contains a basic set of 65 mitochondrial genes. The structure and organization of T. ornata mitogenome is very similar to Sargassum species. Turbinaria ornata genes overlap by a total of 164 bp in 12 different locations from 1 to 66 bp, and the non-coding sequences are 1872 bp, constituting approximate 5.35 % of the genome. The total spacer size has positive correlation with the brown algal mitogenome size with the correlation coefficient of 0.7972. Several regions displaying greater inconsistency (rnl-trnK spacer, cox2 gene, cox3-atp6 spacer, rps14-rns middle region and trnP-rnl spacer) have been identified in brown algal mtDNAs. The observed uncertainty regarding the position and support values of some branches might be closely associated with the heterogeneity of evolutionary rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS), Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shaojun Pang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IOCAS), Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Okazaki N, Motomura S, Okazoe N, Yano D, Suzuki T. Cooperativity and evolution of Tetrahymena two-domain arginine kinase. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 79:696-703. [PMID: 26049117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahymena pyriformis contains two arginine kinases, a 40-kDa enzyme (AK1) with a myristoylation signal sequence at the N-terminus and a two-domain 80-kDa enzyme (AK2). The former is localized mainly in cilia and the latter is in the cytoplasm. AK1 was successfully synthesized using an insect cell-free protein synthesis system and subjected to peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) analysis. The masses corresponding to unmodified N-terminal tryptic peptide or N-terminal myristoylated peptide were not observed, suggesting that N-terminal peptides were not ionized in this analysis. We performed PMF analyses for two other phosphagen kinases (PKs) with myristoylation signals, an AK from Nematostella vectensis and a PK from Ectocarpus siliculosus. In both cases, the myristoylated, N-terminal peptides were clearly identified. The differences between the experimental and theoretical masses were within 0.0165-0.0583 Da, supporting the accuracy of the identification. Domains 1 and 2 of Tetrahymena two-domain AK2 were expressed separately in Escherichia coli and the extent of cooperativity was estimated on the basis of their kinetic constants. The results suggested that each of the domains functions independently, namely no cooperativity is displayed between the two domains. This is in sharp contrast to the two-domain AK from Anthopleura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Okazaki
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Shou Motomura
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Nanaka Okazoe
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Daichi Yano
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520 Japan
| | - Tomohiko Suzuki
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520 Japan.
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Miura T, Kita A, Okamura Y, Aki T, Matsumura Y, Tajima T, Kato J, Nakashimada Y. Improved methane production from brown algae under high salinity by fed-batch acclimation. Bioresour Technol 2015; 187:275-281. [PMID: 25863204 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, a methanogenic microbial community was developed from marine sediments to have improved methane productivity from brown algae under high salinity. Fed-batch cultivation was conducted by adding dry seaweed at 1wt% total solid (TS) based on the liquid weight of the NaCl-containing sediment per round of cultivation. The methane production rate and level of salinity increased 8-fold and 1.6-fold, respectively, at the 10th round of cultivation. Moreover, the rate of methane production remained high, even at the 10th round of cultivation, with accumulation of salts derived from 10wt% TS of seaweed. The salinity of the 10th-round culture was equivalent to 5% NaCl. The improved methane production was attributed to enhanced acetoclastic methanogenesis because acetate became rapidly converted to methane during cultivation. The family Fusobacteriaceae and the genus Methanosaeta, the acetoclastic methanogen, predominated in bacteria and archaea, respectively, after the cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyokazu Miura
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Akihisa Kita
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Okamura
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Tsunehiro Aki
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Matsumura
- Division of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Takahisa Tajima
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Junichi Kato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakashimada
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan; CREST, JST, Japan.
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Torode TA, Marcus SE, Jam M, Tonon T, Blackburn RS, Hervé C, Knox JP. Monoclonal antibodies directed to fucoidan preparations from brown algae. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118366. [PMID: 25692870 PMCID: PMC4333822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell walls of the brown algae contain a diverse range of polysaccharides with useful bioactivities. The precise structures of the sulfated fucan/fucoidan group of polysaccharides and their roles in generating cell wall architectures and cell properties are not known in detail. Four rat monoclonal antibodies, BAM1 to BAM4, directed to sulfated fucan preparations, have been generated and used to dissect the heterogeneity of brown algal cell wall polysaccharides. BAM1 and BAM4, respectively, bind to a non-sulfated epitope and a sulfated epitope present in the sulfated fucan preparations. BAM2 and BAM3 identified additional distinct epitopes present in the fucoidan preparations. All four epitopes, not yet fully characterised, occur widely within the major brown algal taxonomic groups and show divergent distribution patterns in tissues. The analysis of cell wall extractions and fluorescence imaging reveal differences in the occurrence of the BAM1 to BAM4 epitopes in various tissues of Fucus vesiculosus. In Ectocarpus subulatus, a species closely related to the brown algal model Ectocarpus siliculosus, the BAM4 sulfated epitope was modulated in relation to salinity levels. This new set of monoclonal antibodies will be useful for the dissection of the highly complex and yet poorly resolved sulfated polysaccharides in the brown algae in relation to their ecological and economic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Torode
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Susan E. Marcus
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Murielle Jam
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France
| | - Thierry Tonon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France
| | - Richard S. Blackburn
- Sustainable Materials Research Group, Centre for Technical Textiles, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Cécile Hervé
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France
- CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, Roscoff, France
| | - J. Paul Knox
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Hadj Ammar H, Lajili S, Ben Said R, Le Cerf D, Bouraoui A, Majdoub H. Physico-chemical characterization and pharmacological evaluation of sulfated polysaccharides from three species of Mediterranean brown algae of the genus Cystoseira. Daru 2015; 23:1. [PMID: 25582169 PMCID: PMC4298055 DOI: 10.1186/s40199-015-0089-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seaweed polysaccharides are highly active natural substances having valuable applications. The present study was conducted to characterize the physico-chemical properties of sulphated polysaccharides from three Mediterranean brown seaweeds (Cystoseira sedoides, Cystoseira compressa and Cystoseira crinita) and to evaluate their anti-radical, anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective activities. METHODS The different rates of neutral sugars, uronic acids, L-fucose and sulphate content were determined by colorimetric techniques. The different macromolecular characteristics of isolated fucoidans were identified by size exclusion chromatography equipped with a triple detection: multiangle light scattering, viscometer and differential refractive index detectors, (SEC/MALS/VD/DRI). Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated, using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test in comparison to the references drugs Acetylsalicylate of Lysine and Diclofenac. The gastroprotective activity was determined using HCl/EtOH induced gastric ulcers in rats and to examine the antioxidant effect of fucoidans in the three species, the free radical scavenging activity was determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. RESULTS The pharmacological evaluation of the isolated fucoidans for their anti-inflammatory, and their gastroprotective effect established that these products from C. sedoides, C. compressa and C. crinita exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory activity at a dose of 50 mg/kg, i.p; the percentages of inhibition of the oedema were 51%, 57% and 58% respectively. And, at the same dose, these fucoidans from C. sedoides and C. compressa showed a significant decrease of the intensity of gastric mucosal damages compared to a control group by 68%, whereas, the fucoidan from C. crinita produced a less gastroprotective effect. Furthermore, the isolated fucoidans exhibited a radical scavenging activity. CONCLUSION The comparative study of fucoidans isolated from three species of the genus Cystoseira showed that they have similar chemicals properties and relatives anti-radical, anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective activities which are found to be promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Hadj Ammar
- Laboratoire des Interfaces et des Matériaux Avancés (LIMA), Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Bd. de l'environnement, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Sirine Lajili
- Laboratoire de développement chimique, galénique et pharmacologique des médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Rafik Ben Said
- Institut National des Sciences et Techniques de la Mer (INSTM), Salambôo, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Didier Le Cerf
- Université de la Normandie, Laboratoire Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces, UMR 6270 CNRS Université de Rouen, FRE 3101 CNRS, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan, France.
| | - Abderrahman Bouraoui
- Laboratoire de développement chimique, galénique et pharmacologique des médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Hatem Majdoub
- Laboratoire des Interfaces et des Matériaux Avancés (LIMA), Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Bd. de l'environnement, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
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Cock JM, Godfroy O, Macaisne N, Peters AF, Coelho SM. Evolution and regulation of complex life cycles: a brown algal perspective. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2014; 17:1-6. [PMID: 24507487 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The life cycle of an organism is one of its fundamental features, influencing many aspects of its biology. The brown algae exhibit a diverse range of life cycles indicating that transitions between life cycle types may have been key adaptive events in the evolution of this group. Life cycle mutants, identified in the model organism Ectocarpus, are providing information about how life cycle progression is regulated at the molecular level in brown algae. We explore some of the implications of the phenotypes of the life cycle mutants described to date and draw comparisons with recent insights into life cycle regulation in the green lineage. Given the importance of coordinating growth and development with life cycle progression, we suggest that the co-option of ancient life cycle regulators to control key developmental events may be a common feature in diverse groups of multicellular eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mark Cock
- UPMC Univ. Paris 06, The Marine Plants and Biomolecules Laboratory, UMR 7139, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, BP74, 29682 Roscoff Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 7139, Laboratoire International Associé Dispersal and Adaptation in Marine Species, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, BP74, 29682 Roscoff Cedex, France.
| | - Olivier Godfroy
- UPMC Univ. Paris 06, The Marine Plants and Biomolecules Laboratory, UMR 7139, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, BP74, 29682 Roscoff Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 7139, Laboratoire International Associé Dispersal and Adaptation in Marine Species, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, BP74, 29682 Roscoff Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Macaisne
- UPMC Univ. Paris 06, The Marine Plants and Biomolecules Laboratory, UMR 7139, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, BP74, 29682 Roscoff Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 7139, Laboratoire International Associé Dispersal and Adaptation in Marine Species, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, BP74, 29682 Roscoff Cedex, France
| | | | - Susana M Coelho
- UPMC Univ. Paris 06, The Marine Plants and Biomolecules Laboratory, UMR 7139, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, BP74, 29682 Roscoff Cedex, France; CNRS, UMR 7139, Laboratoire International Associé Dispersal and Adaptation in Marine Species, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, BP74, 29682 Roscoff Cedex, France
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Evans-Illidge EA, Logan M, Doyle J, Fromont J, Battershill CN, Ericson G, Wolff CW, Muirhead A, Kearns P, Abdo D, Kininmonth S, Llewellyn L. Phylogeny drives large scale patterns in Australian marine bioactivity and provides a new chemical ecology rationale for future biodiscovery. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73800. [PMID: 24040076 PMCID: PMC3763996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five years of Australian marine bioresources collecting and research by the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) has explored the breadth of latitudinally and longitudinally diverse marine habitats that comprise Australia's ocean territory. The resulting AIMS Bioresources Library and associated relational database integrate biodiversity with bioactivity data, and these resources were mined to retrospectively assess biogeographic, taxonomic and phylogenetic patterns in cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and central nervous system (CNS)-protective bioactivity. While the bioassays used were originally chosen to be indicative of pharmaceutically relevant bioactivity, the results have qualified ecological relevance regarding secondary metabolism. In general, metazoan phyla along the deuterostome phylogenetic pathway (eg to Chordata) and their ancestors (eg Porifera and Cnidaria) had higher percentages of bioactive samples in the assays examined. While taxonomy at the phylum level and higher-order phylogeny groupings helped account for observed trends, taxonomy to genus did not resolve the trends any further. In addition, the results did not identify any biogeographic bioactivity hotspots that correlated with biodiversity hotspots. We conclude with a hypothesis that high-level phylogeny, and therefore the metabolic machinery available to an organism, is a major determinant of bioactivity, while habitat diversity and ecological circumstance are possible drivers in the activation of this machinery and bioactive secondary metabolism. This study supports the strategy of targeting phyla from the deuterostome lineage (including ancestral phyla) from biodiverse marine habitats and ecological niches, in future biodiscovery, at least that which is focused on vertebrate (including human) health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Murray Logan
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason Doyle
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jane Fromont
- Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Gavin Ericson
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carsten W. Wolff
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew Muirhead
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Phillip Kearns
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Abdo
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stuart Kininmonth
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lyndon Llewellyn
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
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Tamburello L, Bulleri F, Bertocci I, Maggi E, Benedetti-Cecchi L. Reddened seascapes: experimentally induced shifts in 1/f spectra of spatial variability in rocky intertidal assemblages. Ecology 2013; 94:1102-11. [PMID: 23858650 DOI: 10.1890/12-1293.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Ecological tests of 1/f-noise models have advanced our understanding of how environmental fluctuations affect population abundance and species distributions. Most empirical studies have been conducted under controlled laboratory conditions and have focused on individual drivers. We present the results of a four-year field experiment in which canopy presence/absence and the availability of primary space were manipulated as red-noise and white-noise spatial processes, respectively, to evaluate their separate and compounded effects on algal turf distribution in a rocky intertidal community. Algal turfs closely tracked spatial variation in canopy distribution, displaying a reddened spectrum of spatial variation. Surprisingly, white-noise clearings also induced a red-shift in turf distribution, a pattern that was related to a nonlinear relation between gap size and turf colonization. The two disturbances interacted antagonistically, dampening the red-shift of turf distribution. Our results provide evidence of experimentally induced shifts in the spectrum of a spatial variable under natural environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tamburello
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, CoNISMa, Via Derna 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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Abstract
Laminarialean species (so-called kelps) are the largest photosynthetic organisms in aquatic environments, constituting significant ecological components of coastal ecosystems. The largest kelps such as Macrocystis exhibit differentiation between stipe and blade, as well as buoyancy to maintain the distal portion at the water's surface for photosynthesis, while bearing reproductive structures only near the base on special blades (sporophylls). There is a considerable gap between basic kelps such as Chorda and derived kelps, and the evolution of kelp specialization remains unclear. Here we report novel reproductive adaptations in the recently discovered species Aureophycus aleuticus; unlike any known kelps, A. aleuticus forms zoidangia only on the expanded, disc-shaped holdfast. Molecular phylogeny suggests that A. aleuticus is most basal among derived kelps. Because Aureophycus lacks any of the elaborate anatomical structures found in other derived kelps, we suggest that it exhibits some of the most ancestral morphological features of kelps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawai
- Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, Rokkodai, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Takeaki Hanyuda
- Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, Rokkodai, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | | | - Karin Holser
- St. George Island Research Institute, St. George Island, AK 99801, U.S.A
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Dittami SM, Gravot A, Goulitquer S, Rousvoal S, Peters AF, Bouchereau A, Boyen C, Tonon T. Towards deciphering dynamic changes and evolutionary mechanisms involved in the adaptation to low salinities in Ectocarpus (brown algae). Plant J 2012; 71:366-77. [PMID: 22394375 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2012.04982.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Colonizations of freshwater by marine species are rare events, and little information is known about the underlying mechanisms. Brown algae are an independent lineage of photosynthetic and multicellular organisms from which few species inhabit freshwater. As a marine alga that is also found in freshwater, Ectocarpus is of particular interest for studying the transition between these habitats. To gain insights into mechanisms of the transition, we examined salinity tolerance and adaptations to low salinities in a freshwater strain of Ectocarpus on physiological and molecular levels. We show that this isolate belongs to a widely distributed and highly stress-resistant clade, and differed from the genome-sequenced marine strain in its tolerance of low salinities. It also exhibited profound, but reversible, morphological, physiological, and transcriptomic changes when transferred to seawater. Although gene expression profiles were similar in both strains under identical conditions, metabolite and ion profiles differed strongly, the freshwater strain exhibiting e.g. higher cellular contents of amino acids and nitrate, higher contents of n-3 fatty acids, and lower intracellular mannitol and sodium concentrations. Moreover, several stress markers were noted in the freshwater isolate in seawater. This finding suggests that, while high stress tolerance and plasticity may be prerequisites for the colonization of freshwater, genomic alterations have occurred that produced permanent changes in the metabolite profiles to stabilize the transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M Dittami
- UPMC Univ Paris 6, UMR 7139 Marine Plants and Biomolecules, Station Biologique, 29680, Roscoff, France
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