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Geris R, Malta M, Soares LA, de Souza Neta LC, Pereira NS, Soares M, Reis VDS, Pereira MDG. A Review about the Mycoremediation of Soil Impacted by War-like Activities: Challenges and Gaps. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:94. [PMID: 38392767 PMCID: PMC10890077 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The frequency and intensity of war-like activities (war, military training, and shooting ranges) worldwide cause soil pollution by metals, metalloids, explosives, radionuclides, and herbicides. Despite this environmentally worrying scenario, soil decontamination in former war zones almost always involves incineration. Nevertheless, this practice is expensive, and its efficiency is suitable only for organic pollutants. Therefore, treating soils polluted by wars requires efficient and economically viable alternatives. In this sense, this manuscript reviews the status and knowledge gaps of mycoremediation. (2) Methods: The literature review consisted of searches on ScienceDirect and Web of Science for articles (1980 to 2023) on the mycoremediation of soils containing pollutants derived from war-like activities. (3) Results: This review highlighted that mycoremediation has many successful applications for removing all pollutants of war-like activities. However, the mycoremediation of soils in former war zones and those impacted by military training and shooting ranges is still very incipient, with most applications emphasizing explosives. (4) Conclusion: The mycoremediation of soils from conflict zones is an entirely open field of research, and the main challenge is to optimize experimental conditions on a field scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Geris
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Barão de Jeremoabo Street, s/n, Campus Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Marcos Malta
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Barão de Jeremoabo Street, s/n, Campus Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Luar Aguiar Soares
- Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Bahia State University, Silveira Martins Street, N. 2555, Cabula, 41150-000 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Lourdes Cardoso de Souza Neta
- Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Bahia State University, Silveira Martins Street, N. 2555, Cabula, 41150-000 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Natan Silva Pereira
- Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Bahia State University, Silveira Martins Street, N. 2555, Cabula, 41150-000 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Miguel Soares
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Barão de Jeremoabo Street, s/n, Campus Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Vanessa da Silva Reis
- Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Bahia State University, Silveira Martins Street, N. 2555, Cabula, 41150-000 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Madson de Godoi Pereira
- Department of Exact and Earth Sciences, Bahia State University, Silveira Martins Street, N. 2555, Cabula, 41150-000 Salvador, BA, Brazil
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Fungi are key players in extreme ecosystems. Trends Ecol Evol 2022; 37:517-528. [PMID: 35246323 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extreme environments on Earth are typically devoid of macro life forms and are inhabited predominantly by highly adapted and specialized microorganisms. The discovery and persistence of these extremophiles provides tools to model how life arose on Earth and inform us on the limits of life. Fungi, in particular, are among the most extreme-tolerant organisms with highly versatile lifestyles and stunning ecological and morphological plasticity. Here, we overview the most notable examples of extremophilic and stress-tolerant fungi, highlighting their key roles in the functionality and balance of extreme ecosystems. The remarkable ability of fungi to tolerate and even thrive in the most extreme environments, which preclude most organisms, have reshaped current concepts regarding the limits of life on Earth.
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Kuzmina LY, Gilvanova EA, Galimzianova NF, Chervyatsova OY, Ryabova AS, Dzhabrailov SEM, Melentiev AI, Aktuganov GE. The Novel Strain Acidomyces acidophilum Isolated from Acidophilic Biofilms (Snottites) Located in the Sheki-Heh Cave (North Caucasus). Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:63. [PMID: 35000019 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02751-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A novel acidophilic fungal strain isolated from snottites in the active sulfuric acid speleogenesis (SAS) Sheki-Heh Cave (North Caucasus, Chechen Republic) was identified and characterized. The Sheki-Heh Cave is one of three cavities of the joint SAS speleosystem; to date, it remains the only of such cave explored in Russia. Highly acidic biofilms termed snottites are found sporadically on the cave roof in sulfurous water degassing zones. Only dark-colored micromycete colonies were isolated from these microbial biofilms using direct inoculation onto Czapek agar. The dominant fungal isolate was selected for further characterization. This work aimed to identify the micromycete strain isolated from cave snottites and explore its growth characteristics. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of the rDNA ITS region (540 bp), the novel fungal strain was identified as Acidomyces acidophilum with a similarity level of 99.26%. The physiological properties of the strain were examined; the optimal pH and temperature for its growth were pH 3 and 20-28 °C, respectively. Strain IB-G85 is able to grow under NaCl concentrations up to 3%. Although IB-G85 was isolated from an oligotrophic environment and was growing under nutrient deficiency, it could utilize some sugars and proteins as well as recalcitrant substrates, such as chitin and tannin. Compared to base Czapek-Dox Agar, lactic acid and colloidal chitin as the sole carbon sources enhanced fungal growth by 100 and 59%, respectively. The occurrence of A. acidophilum and closely related fungal species within acidophilic microbial communities inhabiting sulfur-containing ecosystems is discussed in view of their contribution to snottite structure formation in SAS caves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Y Kuzmina
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, 450054
| | - Elena A Gilvanova
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, 450054
| | - Nailya F Galimzianova
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, 450054
| | - Olga Y Chervyatsova
- Monitoring Group, State Nature Reserve "Shulgan-Tash", Irgizli, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, 453 585
| | - Alyona S Ryabova
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, 450054
| | - Seid-Emin M Dzhabrailov
- Faculty of Geography and Geoecology, Chechen State University, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia, 366 007
| | - Alexander I Melentiev
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, 450054
| | - Gleb E Aktuganov
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, 450054.
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Ou SN, Liang JL, Jiang XM, Liao B, Jia P, Shu WS, Li JT. Physiological, Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Adaptation Mechanisms of Acidiella bohemica to Extreme Acid Mine Drainage Environments. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:705839. [PMID: 34305876 PMCID: PMC8298002 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.705839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi in acid mine drainage (AMD) environments are of great concern due to their potentials of decomposing organic carbon, absorbing heavy metals and reducing AMD acidity. Based on morphological analysis and ITS/18S high-throughput sequencing technology, previous studies have provided deep insights into the diversity and community composition of fungi in AMD environments. However, knowledge about physiology, metabolic potential and transcriptome profiles of fungi inhabiting AMD environments is still scarce. Here, we reported the physiological, genomic, and transcriptomic characterization of Acidiella bohemica SYSU C17045 to improve our understanding of the physiological, genomic, and transcriptomic mechanisms underlying fungal adaptation to AMD environments. A. bohemica was isolated from an AMD environment, which has been proved to be an acidophilic fungus in this study. The surface of A. bohemica cultured in AMD solutions was covered with a large number of minerals such as jarosite. We thus inferred that the A. bohemica might have the potential of biologically induced mineralization. Taking advantage of PacBio single-molecule real-time sequencing, we obtained the high-quality genome sequences of A. bohemica (50 Mbp). To our knowledge, this was the first attempt to employ a third-generation sequencing technology to explore the genomic traits of fungi isolated from AMD environments. Moreover, our transcriptomic analysis revealed that a series of genes in the A. bohemica genome were related to its metabolic pathways of C, N, S, and Fe as well as its adaptation mechanisms, including the response to acid stress and the resistance to heavy metals. Overall, our physiological, genomic, and transcriptomic data provide a foundation for understanding the metabolic potential and adaptation mechanisms of fungi in AMD environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ning Ou
- Institute of Ecological Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-Liang Liang
- Institute of Ecological Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Min Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Liao
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pu Jia
- Institute of Ecological Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Sheng Shu
- Institute of Ecological Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Tian Li
- Institute of Ecological Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Aguirre-von-Wobeser E, Alonso-Sánchez A, Méndez-Bravo A, Villanueva Espino LA, Reverchon F. Barks from avocado trees of different geographic locations have consistent microbial communities. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4593-4607. [PMID: 34160629 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02449-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bark is a permanent surface for microbial colonization at the interface of trees and the surrounding air, but little is known about its microbial communities. We used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to analyze the bark microbiomes of avocado trees from two orchards, and compared one of them to rhizospheric soil. It was shown that the microbial communities of avocado bark have a well-defined taxonomic structure, with consistent patterns of abundance of bacteria, fungi, and archaea, even in trees from two different locations. Bark microbial communities were distinct from rhizospheric soil, although they showed overlap in some taxa. Thus, avocado bark is a well-defined environment, providing niches for specific taxonomic groups, many of which are also found in other aerial plant tissues. The present in-depth characterization of bark microbial communities can form a basis for their future manipulation for agronomical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneas Aguirre-von-Wobeser
- Unidad Regional Hidalgo, CONACYT, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo, A.C., Blvd. Sta. Catarina s/n, Col. Santiago Tlapacoya, 42110, San Agustin Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo, Mexico.
| | - Alexandro Alonso-Sánchez
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, Col. El Haya, 91070, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Méndez-Bravo
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, CONACYT, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de La Huerta, 58190, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
| | - Luis Alberto Villanueva Espino
- Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica, CONACYT, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de La Huerta, 58190, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
| | - Frédérique Reverchon
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, Col. El Haya, 91070, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
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Li L, Zeng X, Williams PN, Gao X, Zhang L, Zhang J, Shan H, Su S. Arsenic resistance in fungi conferred by extracellular bonding and vacuole-septa compartmentalization. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123370. [PMID: 32650107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Microbes play a crucial role in arsenic (As) biogeochemical cycling and show great potential for environmental detoxification and bioremediation. Efflux, transformation, and compartmentalization are key processes in microbial As resistance. However, organelle specific As detoxification and fate during intracellular transfer and compartmentalization is not well understood. We conducted a time course experiment (2-5 days) of the organelle separation for fungal strains to explore subcellular As distributions. After exposure to 10 mg L-1 of arsenate (As(V)), the As accumulation among fungal organelles was generally in the order of extracellular (65 %) > cell wall (15 %) > vacuole (10 %) > other organelles (8 %). The vacuole As accounted for 55 % of the protoplast As. Extracellular bonding and vacuole compartmentalization were the main mechanisms of As resistance in the fungal strains tested. Glutathione (GSH) increases in fungal protoplast in response to As toxicity, acting as a reasonable indicator of As tolerance. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy indicated that carboxyl and amines groups within fungal cell walls potentially bind with As preventing As influx. Further analysis using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) identified that fungal septa besides vacuole could also immobilize As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xibai Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Biological Sciences, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Xin Gao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, PR China
| | - Junzheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, Harbin 150080, PR China
| | - Hong Shan
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shiming Su
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China.
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