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Holland SH, Carmona-Martinez R, O’Connor K, O’Neil D, Roos A, Spendiff S, Lochmüller H. A Deficiency in Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase 1 (Gfpt1) in Skeletal Muscle Results in Reduced Glycosylation of the Delta Subunit of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (AChRδ). Biomolecules 2024; 14:1252. [PMID: 39456185 PMCID: PMC11506803 DOI: 10.3390/biom14101252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is the site where the motor neuron innervates skeletal muscle, enabling muscular contraction. Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) arise when mutations in any of the approximately 35 known causative genes cause impaired neuromuscular transmission at the NMJ, resulting in fatigable muscle weakness. A subset of five of these CMS-causative genes are associated with protein glycosylation. Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (Gfpt1) is the rate-limiting enzyme within the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), a metabolic pathway that produces the precursors for glycosylation. We hypothesized that deficiency in Gfpt1 expression results in aberrant or reduced glycosylation, impairing the proper assembly and stability of key NMJ-associated proteins. Using both in vitro and in vivo Gfpt1-deficient models, we determined that the acetylcholine receptor delta subunit (AChRδ) has reduced expression and is hypo-glycosylated. Using laser capture microdissection, NMJs were harvested from Gfpt1 knockout mouse muscle. A lower-molecular-weight species of AChRδ was identified at the NMJ that was not detected in controls. Furthermore, Gfpt1-deficient muscle lysates showed impairment in protein O-GlcNAcylation and sialylation, suggesting that multiple glycan chains are impacted. Other key NMJ-associated proteins, in addition to AChRδ, may also be differentially glycosylated in Gfpt1-deficient muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Henry Holland
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Dr. Eric Poulin Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | | | - Kaela O’Connor
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Daniel O’Neil
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Andreas Roos
- Dr. Eric Poulin Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sally Spendiff
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Dr. Eric Poulin Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
- Centro Nacional de Analisis Genomico (CNAG), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Zhang C, Feng L, Wu P, Liu Y, Jin X, Ren H, Li H, Wu F, Zhou X, Jiang W. Establishing the link between D-mannose and juvenile grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella): Improved growth and intestinal structure associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitophagy, and apical junctional complexes. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 18:450-463. [PMID: 39315328 PMCID: PMC11417208 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
D-mannose, essential for protein glycosylation, has been reported to have immunomodulatory effects and to maintain intestinal flora homeostasis. In addition to evaluating growth performance, we examined the impact of D-mannose on the structure of epithelial cells and apical junction complexes in the animal intestine. All 1800 grass carp (16.20 ± 0.01 g) were randomly divided into six treatments with six replicates of 50 fish each and fed with six different levels of D-mannose (0.52, 1.75, 3.02, 4.28, 5.50 and 6.78 g/kg diet) for 70 d. The study revealed that D-mannose increased feed intake (P < 0.001) but did not affect the percent weight gain (PWG), special growth rate, and feed conversion ratio (P > 0.05). D-mannose supplementation at 1.75 g/kg increased crude protein content in fish and lipid production value (P < 0.05). D-mannose supplementation at 4.28 g/kg increased intestinal length, intestinal weight and fold height of grass carp compared to the control group (P < 0.05). This improvement may be attributed to the phosphomannose isomerase (PMI)-mediated enhancement of glycolysis. This study found that D-mannose supplementation at 4.28 or 3.02 g/kg reduced serum diamine oxidase activity or D-lactate content (P < 0.05) and improved cellular and intercellular structures for the first time. The improvement of cellular redox homeostasis involves alleviating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), RNA-dependent protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) signaling pathways. The alleviation of ER stress may be linked to the phosphomannomutase (PMM)-mediated enhancement of protein glycosylation. In addition, ubiquitin-dependent [PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin] and ubiquitin-independent [BCL2-interacting protein 3-like (BNIP3L), BCL2-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), and FUN14 domain containing 1 (FUNDC1)] mitophagy may play a role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. The enhancement of intercellular structures includes enhancing tight junction and adherent junction structures, which may be closely associated with the small Rho GTPase protein (RhoA)/the Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway. In conclusion, D-mannose improved intestinal cellular redox homeostasis associated with ER stress and mitophagy pathways, and enhanced intercellular structures related to tight junctions and adherent junctions. Furthermore, quadratic regression analysis of the PWG and intestinal reactive oxygen species content indicated that the optimal addition level of D-mannose for juvenile grass carp was 4.61 and 4.59 g/kg, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production, University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production, University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production, University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaowan Jin
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hongmei Ren
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hua Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fali Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production, University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Weidan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production, University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611130, China
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3
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Wang B, Wang Y, Zhou X, Gao XD, Fujita M, Li Z. Highly efficient expression of Rasamsonia emersonii lipase in Pichia pastoris: characterization and gastrointestinal simulated digestion in vitro. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5603-5613. [PMID: 38363126 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acidic lipases with high catalytic activities under acidic conditions have important application values in the food, feed and pharmaceutical industries. However, the availability of acidic lipases is still the main obstacle to their industrial applications. Although a novel acidic lipase Rasamsonia emersonii (LIPR) was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, the expression level was unsatisfactory. RESULTS To achieve the high-efficiency expression and secretion of LIPR in Pichia pastoris GS115, the combinatorial optimization strategy was adopted including gene codon preference, signal peptide, molecular chaperone co-expression and disruption of vacuolar sorting receptor VPS10. The activity of the combinatorial optimization engineered strain in a shake flask reached 1480 U mL-1, which was 8.13 times greater than the P. pastoris GS115 parental strain. After high-density fermentation in a 5-L bioreactor, the highest enzyme activity reached as high as 11 820 U mL-1. LIPR showed the highest activity at 40 °C and pH 4.0 in the presence of Ca2+ ion. LIPR exhibited strong tolerance to methanol, indicating its potential application in biodiesel biosynthesis. Moreover, the gastrointestinal digestion simulation results demonstrated that LIPR was tolerant to pepsin and trypsin, but its activity was inhibited by sodium taurodeoxycholate. CONCLUSION This study provided an effective approach for the high expression of acidic lipase LIPR. LIPR was more appropriate for lipid digestion in the stomach than in intestine according to the gastrointestinal digestion simulation results. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yasen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoman Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Morihisa Fujita
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Zijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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4
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Gan Q, Fan C. Orthogonal Translation for Site-Specific Installation of Post-translational Modifications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2805-2838. [PMID: 38373737 PMCID: PMC11230630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) endow proteins with new properties to respond to environmental changes or growth needs. With the development of advanced proteomics techniques, hundreds of distinct types of PTMs have been observed in a wide range of proteins from bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. To identify the roles of these PTMs, scientists have applied various approaches. However, high dynamics, low stoichiometry, and crosstalk between PTMs make it almost impossible to obtain homogeneously modified proteins for characterization of the site-specific effect of individual PTM on target proteins. To solve this problem, the genetic code expansion (GCE) strategy has been introduced into the field of PTM studies. Instead of modifying proteins after translation, GCE incorporates modified amino acids into proteins during translation, thus generating site-specifically modified proteins at target positions. In this review, we summarize the development of GCE systems for orthogonal translation for site-specific installation of PTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglei Gan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Chenguang Fan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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5
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Liu Q, Zhou H, Wang Y, Gui J, Yang D, Sun J, Ge D, Wu S, Liu Q, Zhu L, Mi Y. H3K27 acetylation activated-PDLIM7 promotes castration-resistant prostate cancer progression by inducing O-Glycosylation of YAP1 protein. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101830. [PMID: 38056280 PMCID: PMC10714362 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a fatal disease that evolves from prostate cancer due to drug resistance after long-term androgen deprivation therapy. In this study, we aimed to find novel molecular targets for treating CRPC. Through peptidome, we screened out polypeptides dysregulated in the serum of CRPC patients. According to RT-qPCR analysis and cell viability detection, we chose PDZ and LIM Domain 7 (PDLIM7) as the research object. As demonstrated by loss-of-function assays, silencing of PDLIM7 could suppress CRPC cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Moreover, PDLIM7 knockdown enhanced the sensitivity of CRPC cells to docetaxel treatment. Subsequently, we found that CBP/p300 increases the H3K27ac level in the PDLIM7 promoter to activate PDLIM7. Mechanism experiments such as IP and western blot revealed that PDLIM7 interacted with YAP1 to induce O-Glycosylation of YAP1 and thus stabilize YAP1 protein. Rescue assays demonstrated that PDLIM7 promoted the malignant processes of CRPC cells through YAP1. Finally, an animal study validated that PDLIM7 aggravated tumor growth. In conclusion, our findings highlighted the oncogenic role of PDLIM7 upregulated by CBP/p300-induced H3K27ac enhancement in CRPC by stabilizing YAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Department of Health and Wellness, Huadong Sanatorium, Wuxi, China
| | - Hangsheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanjuan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jiandong Gui
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Dongjie Yang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Dongsheng Ge
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Sheng Wu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Health and Wellness, Huadong Sanatorium, Wuxi, China
| | - Lijie Zhu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Mi
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 1000 Hefeng Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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6
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Yang T, Xiao H, Chen X, Zheng L, Guo H, Wang J, Jiang X, Zhang CY, Yang F, Ji X. Characterization of N-glycosylation and its functional role in SIDT1-Mediated RNA uptake. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105654. [PMID: 38237680 PMCID: PMC10850970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The mammalian SID-1 transmembrane family members, SIDT1 and SIDT2, are multipass transmembrane proteins that mediate the cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of nucleic acids, playing important roles in the immune response and tumorigenesis. Previous work has suggested that human SIDT1 and SIDT2 are N-glycosylated, but the precise site-specific N-glycosylation information and its functional contribution remain unclear. In this study, we use high-resolution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to comprehensively map the N-glycosites and quantify the N-glycosylation profiles of SIDT1 and SIDT2. Further molecular mechanistic probing elucidates the essential role of N-linked glycans in regulating cell surface expression, RNA binding, protein stability, and RNA uptake of SIDT1. Our results provide crucial information about the potential functional impact of N-glycosylation in the regulation of SIDT1-mediated RNA uptake and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of this promising nucleic acid delivery system with potential implications for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haonan Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiulan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Le Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hangtian Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Fuquan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Ji
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Engineering Research Center of Protein and Peptide Medicine, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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7
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Scheper AF, Schofield J, Bohara R, Ritter T, Pandit A. Understanding glycosylation: Regulation through the metabolic flux of precursor pathways. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108184. [PMID: 37290585 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is how proteins and lipids are modified with complex carbohydrates known as glycans. The post-translational modification of proteins with glycans is not a template-driven process in the same way as genetic transcription or protein translation. Glycosylation is instead dynamically regulated by metabolic flux. This metabolic flux is determined by the concentrations and activities of the glycotransferase enzymes, which synthesise glycans, the metabolites that act as their precursors and transporter proteins. This review provides an overview of the metabolic pathways underlying glycan synthesis. Pathological dysregulation of glycosylation, particularly increased glycosylation occurring during inflammation, is also elucidated. The resulting inflammatory hyperglycosylation acts as a glycosignature of disease, and we report on the changes in the metabolic pathways which feed into glycan synthesis, revealing alterations to key enzymes. Finally, we examine studies in developing metabolic inhibitors targeting these critical enzymes. These results provide the tools for researchers investigating the role of glycan metabolism in inflammation and have helped to identify promising glycotherapeutic approaches to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aert F Scheper
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Jack Schofield
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Raghvendra Bohara
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Thomas Ritter
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Ireland; School of Medicine, University of Galway, Ireland; Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Ireland.
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8
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Ye W, Wang J, Huang J, He X, Ma Z, Li X, Huang X, Li F, Huang S, Pan J, Jin J, Ling Q, Wang Y, Yu Y, Sun J, Jin J. ACSL5, a prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia, modulates the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by palmitoylation modification. Front Med 2023; 17:685-698. [PMID: 37131085 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-022-0942-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 5 (ACSL5), is a member of the acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSs) family that activates long chain fatty acids by catalyzing the synthesis of fatty acyl-CoAs. The dysregulation of ACSL5 has been reported in some cancers, such as glioma and colon cancers. However, little is known about the role of ACSL5 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We found that the expression of ACSL5 was higher in bone marrow cells from AML patients compared with that from healthy donors. ACSL5 level could serve as an independent prognostic predictor of the overall survival of AML patients. In AML cells, the ACSL5 knockdown inhibited cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, the knockdown of ACSL5 suppressed the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by suppressing the palmitoylation modification of Wnt3a. Additionally, triacsin c, a pan-ACS family inhibitor, inhibited cell growth and robustly induced cell apoptosis when combined with ABT-199, the FDA approved BCL-2 inhibitor for AML therapy. Our results indicate that ACSL5 is a potential prognosis marker for AML and a promising pharmacological target for the treatment of molecularly stratified AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenle Ye
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jinghan Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jiansong Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiao He
- Research Centre, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, H2L 4M1, Canada
| | - Zhixin Ma
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Fenglin Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Shujuan Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jiajia Pan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jingrui Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qing Ling
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yungui Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yongping Yu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies, Diagnosis and Treatment, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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9
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Jia JX, Peng SL, Kalisa NY, Chao Q, Zhou Z, Gao XD, Wang N. A liposomal carbohydrate vaccine, adjuvanted with an NKT cell agonist, induces rapid and enhanced immune responses and antibody class switching. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:175. [PMID: 37264420 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) are genetic diseases caused by gene defects in glycan biosynthesis pathways, and there is an increasing number of patients diagnosed with CDGs. Because CDGs show many different clinical symptoms, their accurate clinical diagnosis is challenging. Recently, we have shown that liposome nanoparticles bearing the ALG1-CDG and PMM2-CDG biomarkers (a tetrasaccharide: Neu5Ac-α2,6-Gal-β1,4-GlcNAc-β1,4-GlcNAc) stimulate a moderate immune response, while the generated antibodies show relatively weak affinity maturation. Thus, mature antibodies with class switching to IgG are desired to develop high-affinity antibodies that may be applied in medical applications. RESULTS In the present study, a liposome-based vaccine platform carrying a chemoenzymatic synthesized phytanyl-linked tetrasaccharide biomarker was optimized. The liposome nanoparticles were constructed by dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) to improve the stability and immunogenicity of the vaccine, and adjuvanted with the NKT cell agonist PBS57 to generate high level of IgG antibodies. The results indicated that the reformulated liposomal vaccine stimulated a stronger immune response, and PBS57 successfully induce an antibody class switch to IgG. Further analyses of IgG antibodies elicited by liposome vaccines suggested their specific binding to tetrasaccharide biomarkers, which were mainly IgG2b isotypes. CONCLUSIONS Immunization with a liposome vaccine carrying a carbohydrate antigen and PBS57 stimulates high titers of CDG biomarker-specific IgG antibodies, thereby showing great potential as a platform to develop rapid diagnostic methods for ALG1-CDG and PMM2-CDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xiang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Sen-Lin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Ndayambaje Yvan Kalisa
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qiang Chao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Zhifang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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10
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Zhong Q, Xiao X, Qiu Y, Xu Z, Chen C, Chong B, Zhao X, Hai S, Li S, An Z, Dai L. Protein posttranslational modifications in health and diseases: Functions, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e261. [PMID: 37143582 PMCID: PMC10152985 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) refer to the breaking or generation of covalent bonds on the backbones or amino acid side chains of proteins and expand the diversity of proteins, which provides the basis for the emergence of organismal complexity. To date, more than 650 types of protein modifications, such as the most well-known phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, methylation, SUMOylation, short-chain and long-chain acylation modifications, redox modifications, and irreversible modifications, have been described, and the inventory is still increasing. By changing the protein conformation, localization, activity, stability, charges, and interactions with other biomolecules, PTMs ultimately alter the phenotypes and biological processes of cells. The homeostasis of protein modifications is important to human health. Abnormal PTMs may cause changes in protein properties and loss of protein functions, which are closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. In this review, we systematically introduce the characteristics, regulatory mechanisms, and functions of various PTMs in health and diseases. In addition, the therapeutic prospects in various diseases by targeting PTMs and associated regulatory enzymes are also summarized. This work will deepen the understanding of protein modifications in health and diseases and promote the discovery of diagnostic and prognostic markers and drug targets for diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xina Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yijie Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chunyu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Baochen Chong
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xinjun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shan Hai
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shuangqing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhenmei An
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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11
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Tan CH, Tan KY, Ng TS, Tan NH, Chong HP. De Novo Venom Gland Transcriptome Assembly and Characterization for Calloselasma rhodostoma (Kuhl, 1824), the Malayan Pit Viper from Malaysia: Unravelling Toxin Gene Diversity in a Medically Important Basal Crotaline. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15050315. [PMID: 37235350 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15050315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In Southeast Asia, the Malayan Pit Viper (Calloselasma rhodostoma) is a venomous snake species of medical importance and bioprospecting potential. To unveil the diversity of its toxin genes, this study de novo assembled and analyzed the venom gland transcriptome of C. rhodostoma from Malaysia. The expression of toxin genes dominates the gland transcriptome by 53.78% of total transcript abundance (based on overall FPKM, Fragments Per Kilobase Million), in which 92 non-redundant transcripts belonging to 16 toxin families were identified. Snake venom metalloproteinase (SVMP, PI > PII > PIII) is the most dominant family (37.84% of all toxin FPKM), followed by phospholipase A2 (29.02%), bradykinin/angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-C-type natriuretic peptide (16.30%), C-type lectin (CTL, 10.01%), snake venom serine protease (SVSP, 2.81%), L-amino acid oxidase (2.25%), and others (1.78%). The expressions of SVMP, CTL, and SVSP correlate with hemorrhagic, anti-platelet, and coagulopathic effects in envenoming. The SVMP metalloproteinase domains encode hemorrhagins (kistomin and rhodostoxin), while disintegrin (rhodostomin from P-II) acts by inhibiting platelet aggregation. CTL gene homologues uncovered include rhodocytin (platelet aggregators) and rhodocetin (platelet inhibitors), which contribute to thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction. The major SVSP is a thrombin-like enzyme (an ancrod homolog) responsible for defibrination in consumptive coagulopathy. The findings provide insight into the venom complexity of C. rhodostoma and the pathophysiology of envenoming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choo Hock Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Kae Yi Tan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Tzu Shan Ng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nget Hong Tan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Ho Phin Chong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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12
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Bieberich E. Synthesis, Processing, and Function of N-Glycans in N-Glycoproteins. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 29:65-93. [PMID: 36255672 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12390-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Many membrane-resident and secreted proteins, including growth factors and their receptors are N-glycosylated. The initial N-glycan structure is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as a branched structure on a lipid anchor (dolicholpyrophosphate) and then co-translationally, "en bloc" transferred and linked via N-acetylglucosamine to asparagine within a specific N-glycosylation acceptor sequence of the nascent recipient protein. In the ER and then the Golgi apparatus, the N-linked glycan structure is modified by hydrolytic removal of sugar residues ("trimming") followed by re-glycosylation with additional sugar residues ("processing") such as galactose, fucose or sialic acid to form complex N-glycoproteins. While the sequence of the reactions leading to biosynthesis, "en bloc" transfer and processing of N-glycans is well investigated, it is still not completely understood how N-glycans affect the biological fate and function of N-glycoproteins. This review will discuss the biology of N-glycoprotein synthesis, processing and function with specific reference to the physiology and pathophysiology of the immune and nervous system, as well as infectious diseases such as Covid-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhard Bieberich
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA.
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13
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Wang W, Flury AG, Rodriguez AT, Garrison JL, Brem RB. A role for worm cutl-24 in background- and parent-of-origin-dependent ER stress resistance. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:842. [PMID: 36539699 PMCID: PMC9764823 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09063-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organisms in the wild can acquire disease- and stress-resistance traits that outstrip the programs endogenous to humans. Finding the molecular basis of such natural resistance characters is a key goal of evolutionary genetics. Standard statistical-genetic methods toward this end can perform poorly in organismal systems that lack high rates of meiotic recombination, like Caenorhabditis worms. RESULTS Here we discovered unique ER stress resistance in a wild Kenyan C. elegans isolate, which in inter-strain crosses was passed by hermaphrodite mothers to hybrid offspring. We developed an unbiased version of the reciprocal hemizygosity test, RH-seq, to explore the genetics of this parent-of-origin-dependent phenotype. Among top-scoring gene candidates from a partial-coverage RH-seq screen, we focused on the neuronally-expressed, cuticlin-like gene cutl-24 for validation. In gene-disruption and controlled crossing experiments, we found that cutl-24 was required in Kenyan hermaphrodite mothers for ER stress tolerance in their inter-strain hybrid offspring; cutl-24 was also a contributor to the trait in purebred backgrounds. CONCLUSIONS These data establish the Kenyan strain allele of cutl-24 as a determinant of a natural stress-resistant state, and they set a precedent for the dissection of natural trait diversity in invertebrate animals without the need for a panel of meiotic recombinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Wang
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Anna G Flury
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Andrew T Rodriguez
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer L Garrison
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States.
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, UC San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
- Global Consortium for Reproductive Longevity & Equality, Novato, CA, United States.
| | - Rachel B Brem
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States.
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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14
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Liu D, De Schutter K, Chen P, Smagghe G. The N-glycosylation-related genes as potential targets for RNAi-mediated pest control of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:3815-3822. [PMID: 34821017 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-glycosylation is one of the most common and important post-translational modifications in the eukaryotic cell. The study of protein N-glycosylation in several model insects confirmed the importance of this process in insect development, immunity, survival and fertility. The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) (CPB) is a common pest of Solanaceae crops. With the infamous title of champion of insecticide resistance, novel pest control strategies for this insect are needed. Luckily this pest insect is reported as very sensitive for the post-genomic technology of RNA interference (RNAi). RESULTS In this project, we investigated the importance of N-glycosylation in the survival and development of CPB using RNAi-mediated gene silencing of N-glycosylation-related genes (NGRGs) during the different transition steps from the larva, through the pupa to the adult stage. High mortality was observed in the larval stage with the silencing of early NGRGs, as STT3a, DAD1 and GCS1. With dsRNA against middle NGRGs, abnormal phenotypes at the ecdysis process and adult formation were observed, while the silencing of late NGRGs did not cause mortality. CONCLUSION The lethal phenotypes observed on silencing of the genes involved in the early processing steps of the N-glycosylation pathway suggest these genes are good candidates for RNAi-mediated control of CPB. Next to the gene-specific mechanism of RNAi for biosafety and possible implementation in integrated pest management, we believe these early NGRGs provide a possible alternative to the well-known target genes Snf7 and vacuolar ATPases that are now used in the first commercial RNAi-based products and thus they may be useful in the context of proactive resistance management. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Liu
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof De Schutter
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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15
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Song HS, Park S, Huh JW, Lee YR, Jung DJ, Yang C, Kim SH, Kim HM, Kim YM. N-glycosylation of UNC93B1 at a Specific Asparagine Residue Is Required for TLR9 Signaling. Front Immunol 2022; 13:875083. [PMID: 35874766 PMCID: PMC9301129 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.875083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play critical roles in the first line of host defense against pathogens through recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and initiation of the innate immune responses. The proper localization of TLRs in specific subcellular compartments is crucial for their ligand recognition and downstream signaling to ensure appropriate responses against pathogens while avoiding erroneous or excessive activation. Several TLRs, including TLR7 and TLR9 but not TLR4, depend on UNC93B1 for their proper intracellular localization and signaling. Accumulating evidence suggest that UNC93B1 differentially regulates its various client TLRs, but the specific mechanisms by which UNC93B1 controls individual TLRs are not well understood. Protein N-glycosylation is one of the most frequent and important post-translational modification that occurs in membrane-localized or secreted proteins. UNC93B1 was previously shown to be glycosylated at Asn251 and Asn272 residues. In this study, we investigated whether N-glycosylation of UNC93B1 affects its function by comparing wild type and glycosylation-defective mutant UNC93B1 proteins. It was found that glycosylation of Asn251 and Asn272 residues can occur independently of each other and mutation of neither N251Q or N272Q in UNC93B1 altered expression and localization of UNC93B1 and TLR9. In contrast, CpG DNA-stimulated TLR9 signaling was severely inhibited in cells expressing UNC93B1(N272Q), but not in cells with UNC93B1(N251Q). Further, it was found that glycosylation at Asn272 of UNC93B1 is essential for the recruitment of MyD88 to TLR9 and the subsequent downstream signaling. On the other hand, the defective glycosylation at Asn272 did not affect TLR7 signaling. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the glycosylation at a specific asparagine residue of UNC93B1 is required for TLR9 signaling and the glycosylation status of UNC93B1 differently affects activation of TLR7 and TLR9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Sup Song
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Soeun Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ji-Won Huh
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu-Ran Lee
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
| | - Da-Jung Jung
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chorong Yang
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea
| | - So Hyun Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
- Center for Biomolecular & Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ho Min Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
- Center for Biomolecular & Cellular Structure, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - You-Me Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: You-Me Kim,
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16
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Brás-Costa C, Chaves AFA, Cajado-Carvalho D, da Silva Pires D, Andrade-Silva D, Serrano SMT. Profilings of subproteomes of lectin-binding proteins of nine Bothrops venoms reveal variability driven by different glycan types. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2022; 1870:140795. [PMID: 35662639 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2022.140795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Snake venom proteomes have long been investigated to explore a multitude of biologically active components that are used for prey capture and defense, and are involved in the pathological effects observed upon mammalian envenomation. Glycosylation is a major protein post-translational modification in venoms and contributes to the diversification of proteomes. We have shown that Bothrops venoms are markedly defined by their content of glycoproteins, and that most N-glycan structures of eight Bothrops venoms contain sialic acid, while bisected N-acetylglucosamine was identified in Bothrops cotiara venom. To further investigate the mechanisms involved in the generation of different venoms by related snakes, here the glycoproteomes of nine Bothrops venoms (Bothrops atrox, B. cotiara, Bothrops erythromelas, Bothrops fonsecai, B. insularis, Bothrops jararaca, Bothrops jararacussu, Bothrops moojeni and Bothrops neuwiedi) were comparatively analyzed by enrichment with three lectins of different specificities, recognizing bisecting N-acetylglucosamine- and sialic acid-containing glycoproteins, and mass spectrometry. The lectin capture strategy generated venom fractions enriched with several glycoproteins, including metalloprotease, serine protease, and L- amino acid oxidase, in addition to various types of low abundant enzymes. The different contents of lectin-enriched proteins underscore novel aspects of the variability of the glycoprotein subproteomes of Bothrops venoms and point to the role of distinct types of glycan chains in generating different venoms by closely related snake species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Brás-Costa
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alison Felipe Alencar Chaves
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Cajado-Carvalho
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David da Silva Pires
- Laboratory of Cell Cycle, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Andrade-Silva
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Solange M T Serrano
- Laboratory of Applied Toxinology, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
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17
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Daimi H, Lozano-Velasco E, Aranega A, Franco D. Genomic and Non-Genomic Regulatory Mechanisms of the Cardiac Sodium Channel in Cardiac Arrhythmias. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1381. [PMID: 35163304 PMCID: PMC8835759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nav1.5 is the predominant cardiac sodium channel subtype, encoded by the SCN5A gene, which is involved in the initiation and conduction of action potentials throughout the heart. Along its biosynthesis process, Nav1.5 undergoes strict genomic and non-genomic regulatory and quality control steps that allow only newly synthesized channels to reach their final membrane destination and carry out their electrophysiological role. These regulatory pathways are ensured by distinct interacting proteins that accompany the nascent Nav1.5 protein along with different subcellular organelles. Defects on a large number of these pathways have a tremendous impact on Nav1.5 functionality and are thus intimately linked to cardiac arrhythmias. In the present review, we provide current state-of-the-art information on the molecular events that regulate SCN5A/Nav1.5 and the cardiac channelopathies associated with defects in these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houria Daimi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Amelia Aranega
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
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18
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Karki R, Rimal S, Rieth MD. Predicted N-terminal N-linked glycosylation sites may underlie membrane protein expression patterns in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 2021; 38:497-506. [PMID: 34182612 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
N-linked glycosylation is one type of posttranslational modification that proteins undergo during expression. The following describes the effects of N-linked glycosylation on high-level membrane protein expression in yeast with an emphasis on Saccharomyces cerevisiae. N-linked glycosylation is highlighted here as an important consideration when preparing membrane protein gene constructs for expression in S. cerevisiae, which continues to be used as a workhorse in both research and industrial applications. Non-native N-linked glycosylation commonly occurs during the heterologous expression of mammalian proteins in many yeast species which can have important immunological consequences when used in the production of biotherapeutic proteins or peptides. Further, non-native N-linked glycosylation can lead to improper protein folding and premature degradation, which can impede high-level expression yields and hinder downstream analysis. Multiple strategies are presented in this article, which suggest different methods that can be implemented to circumvent the unwanted consequences of N-linked glycosylation during the expression process. These considerations may have long-term benefits for high-level protein production in S. cerevisiae across a broad spectrum of expression targets with special emphasis placed on G-protein coupled receptors, one of the largest families of membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Karki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Swechha Rimal
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois, USA
| | - Monica D Rieth
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois, USA
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19
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Khoder-Agha F, Kietzmann T. The glyco-redox interplay: Principles and consequences on the role of reactive oxygen species during protein glycosylation. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101888. [PMID: 33602616 PMCID: PMC8113034 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) carry out prime physiological roles as intracellular signaling agents, yet pathologically high concentrations of ROS cause irreversible damage to biomolecules, alter cellular programs and contribute to various diseases. While decades of intensive research have identified redox-related patterns and signaling pathways, very few addressed how the glycosylation machinery senses and responds to oxidative stress. A common trait among ROS and glycans residing on glycoconjugates is that they are both highly dynamic, as they are quickly fine-tuned in response to stressors such as inflammation, cancer and infectious diseases. On this account, the delicate balance of the redox potential, which is tightly regulated by dozens of enzymes including NOXs, and the mitochondrial electron transport chain as well as the fluidity of glycan biosynthesis resulting from the cooperation of glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, and nucleotide sugar transporters, is paramount to cell survival. Here, we review the broad spectrum of the interplay between redox changes and glycosylation with respect to their principle consequences on human physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzi Khoder-Agha
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Kietzmann
- University of Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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20
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Honer J, Niemeyer KM, Fercher C, Diez Tissera AL, Jaberolansar N, Jafrani YMA, Zhou C, Caramelo JJ, Shewan AM, Schulz BL, Brodsky JL, Zacchi LF. TorsinA folding and N-linked glycosylation are sensitive to redox homeostasis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119073. [PMID: 34062155 PMCID: PMC8889903 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is responsible for the folding and post-translational modification of secretory proteins, as well as for triaging misfolded proteins. During folding, there is a complex yet only partially understood interplay between disulfide bond formation, which is an enzyme catalyzed event in the oxidizing environment of the ER, along with other post-translational modifications (PTMs) and chaperone-supported protein folding. Here, we used the glycoprotein torsinA as a model substrate to explore the impact of ER redox homeostasis on PTMs and protein biogenesis. TorsinA is a AAA+ ATPase with unusual oligomeric properties and controversial functions. The deletion of a C-terminal glutamic acid residue (∆E) is associated with the development of Early-Onset Torsion Dystonia, a severe movement disorder. TorsinA differs from other AAA+ ATPases since it is an ER resident, and as a result of its entry into the ER torsinA contains two N-linked glycans and at least one disulfide bond. The role of these PTMs on torsinA biogenesis and function and the identity of the enzymes that catalyze them are poorly defined. Using a yeast torsinA expression system, we demonstrate that a specific protein disulfide isomerase, Pdi1, affects the folding and N-linked glycosylation of torsinA and torsinA∆E in a redox-dependent manner, suggesting that the acquisition of early torsinA folding intermediates is sensitive to perturbed interactions between Cys residues and the quality control machinery. We also highlight the role of specific Cys residues during torsinA biogenesis and demonstrate that torsinA∆E is more sensitive than torsinA when these Cys residues are mutated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Honer
- Department of Biological Sciences, A320 Langley Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States of America
| | - Katie M Niemeyer
- Department of Biological Sciences, A320 Langley Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States of America
| | - Christian Fercher
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ana L Diez Tissera
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Noushin Jaberolansar
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yohaann M A Jafrani
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Chun Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Julio J Caramelo
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Annette M Shewan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Benjamin L Schulz
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, A320 Langley Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States of America
| | - Lucía F Zacchi
- Department of Biological Sciences, A320 Langley Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States of America; Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; Fundación Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
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21
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Fujitani N, Ariki S, Hasegawa Y, Uehara Y, Saito A, Takahashi M. Integrated Structural Analysis of N-Glycans and Free Oligosaccharides Allows for a Quantitative Evaluation of ER Stress. Biochemistry 2021; 60:1708-1721. [PMID: 33983715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been reported in a variety of diseases. Although ER stress can be detected using specific markers, it is still difficult to quantitatively evaluate the degree of stress and to identify the cause of the stress. The ER is the primary site for folding of secretory or transmembrane proteins as well as the site where glycosylation is initiated. This study therefore postulates that tracing the biosynthetic pathway of asparagine-linked glycans (N-glycans) would be a reporter for reflecting the state of the ER and serve as a quantitative descriptor of ER stress. Glycoblotting-assisted mass spectrometric analysis of the HeLa cell line enabled quantitative determination of the changes in the structures of N-glycans and degraded free oligosaccharides (fOSs) in response to tunicamycin- or thapsigargin-induced ER stress. The integrated analysis of neutral and sialylated N-glycans and fOSs showed the potential to elucidate the cause of ER stress, which cannot be readily done by protein markers alone. Changes in the total amount of glycans, increase in the ratio of high-mannose type N-glycans, increase in fOSs, and changes in the ratio of sialylated N-glycans in response to ER stress were shown to be potential descriptors of ER stress. Additionally, drastic clearance of accumulated N-glycans was observed in thapsigargin-treated cells, which may suggest the observation of ER stress-mediated autophagy or ER-phagy in terms of glycomics. Quantitative analysis of N-glycoforms composed of N-glycans and fOSs provides the dynamic indicators reflecting the ER status and the promising strategies for quantitative evaluation of ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Fujitani
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ariki
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Sapporo Medical University Center for Medical Education, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hasegawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Uehara
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan
| | - Atsushi Saito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan
| | - Motoko Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
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22
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Determination of Isomeric Glycan Structures by Permethylation and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 33908015 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1241-5_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The existence of glycans in isomeric forms is responsible for the multifariousness of their properties and biological functions. Their altered expression has been associated with various diseases and cancers. Analysis of native glycans is not very sensitive due to the low ionization efficiency of glycans. These facts necessitate their comprehensive structural studies and establishes a high demand for sensitive and reliable techniques. In this chapter, we discuss the strategies for effective separation and identification of permethylated isomeric glycans. The sample preparation for permethylated glycans derived from model glycoproteins and complex biological samples, analyzed using LC-MS/MS, is delineated. We introduce protein extraction and release of glycans, followed by strategies to purify the released glycans, which are reduced and permethylated to improve ionization efficiency and stabilize sialic acid residues. High-temperature LC-based separation on PGC (porous graphitized carbon) column is conducive to isomeric separation of glycans and allows their sensitive identification and quantification using MS/MS.
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23
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Higgins MA, Tegl G, MacDonald SS, Arnal G, Brumer H, Withers SG, Ryan KS. N-Glycan Degradation Pathways in Gut- and Soil-Dwelling Actinobacteria Share Common Core Genes. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:701-711. [PMID: 33764747 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
N-Glycosylation is a fundamental protein modification found in both eukaryotes and archaea. Despite lacking N-glycans, many commensal and pathogenic bacteria have developed mechanisms to degrade these isoforms for a variety of functions, including nutrient acquisition and evasion of the immune system. Although much is known about many of the enzymes responsible for N-glycan degradation, the enzymes involved in cleaving the N-glycan core have only recently been discovered. Thus, some of the structural details have yet to be characterized, and little is known about their full distribution among bacterial strains and specifically within potential Gram-positive polysaccharide utilization loci. Here, we report crystal structures for Family 5, Subfamily 18 (GH5_18) glycoside hydrolases from the gut bacterium Bifidobacterium longum (BlGH5_18) and the soil bacterium Streptomyces cattleya (ScGH5_18), which hydrolyze the core Manβ1-4GlcNAc disaccharide. Structures of these enzymes in complex with Manβ1-4GlcNAc reveal a more complete picture of the -1 subsite. They also show that a C-terminal active site cap present in BlGH5_18 is absent in ScGH5_18. Although this C-terminal cap is not widely distributed throughout the GH5_18 family, it is important for full enzyme activity. In addition, we show that GH5_18 enzymes are found in Gram-positive polysaccharide utilization loci that share common genes, likely dedicated to importing and degrading N-glycan core structures.
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24
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Ferron L, Koshti S, Zamponi GW. The life cycle of voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in neurons: an update on the trafficking of neuronal calcium channels. Neuronal Signal 2021; 5:NS20200095. [PMID: 33664982 PMCID: PMC7905535 DOI: 10.1042/ns20200095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV) channels play a critical role in cellular excitability, synaptic transmission, excitation-transcription coupling and activation of intracellular signaling pathways. CaV channels are multiprotein complexes and their functional expression in the plasma membrane involves finely tuned mechanisms, including forward trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the plasma membrane, endocytosis and recycling. Whether genetic or acquired, alterations and defects in the trafficking of neuronal CaV channels can have severe physiological consequences. In this review, we address the current evidence concerning the regulatory mechanisms which underlie precise control of neuronal CaV channel trafficking and we discuss their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Ferron
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Saloni Koshti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Gerald W. Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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25
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Li H, Zhang J, An C, Dong S. Probing N-Glycan Functions in Human Interleukin-17A Based on Chemically Synthesized Homogeneous Glycoforms. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:2846-2856. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, and Department of Chemical Biology at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, and Department of Chemical Biology at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chuanjing An
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, and Department of Chemical Biology at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Suwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, and Department of Chemical Biology at School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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26
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Mikkola S. Nucleotide Sugars in Chemistry and Biology. Molecules 2020; 25:E5755. [PMID: 33291296 PMCID: PMC7729866 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide sugars have essential roles in every living creature. They are the building blocks of the biosynthesis of carbohydrates and their conjugates. They are involved in processes that are targets for drug development, and their analogs are potential inhibitors of these processes. Drug development requires efficient methods for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and nucleotide sugar building blocks as well as of modified structures as potential inhibitors. It requires also understanding the details of biological and chemical processes as well as the reactivity and reactions under different conditions. This article addresses all these issues by giving a broad overview on nucleotide sugars in biological and chemical reactions. As the background for the topic, glycosylation reactions in mammalian and bacterial cells are briefly discussed. In the following sections, structures and biosynthetic routes for nucleotide sugars, as well as the mechanisms of action of nucleotide sugar-utilizing enzymes, are discussed. Chemical topics include the reactivity and chemical synthesis methods. Finally, the enzymatic in vitro synthesis of nucleotide sugars and the utilization of enzyme cascades in the synthesis of nucleotide sugars and oligosaccharides are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Mikkola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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27
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Chakraborty C, Sharma AR, Sharma G, Lee SS. Comparative Analysis and Molecular Evolution of Class I PI3K Regulatory Subunit p85α Reveal the Structural Similarity Between nSH2 and cSH2 Domains. Int J Pept Res Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-020-10039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Gómez-Henao W, Tenorio EP, Sanchez FRC, Mendoza MC, Ledezma RL, Zenteno E. Relevance of glycans in the interaction between T lymphocyte and the antigen presenting cell. Int Rev Immunol 2020; 40:274-288. [PMID: 33205679 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2020.1845331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The immunological synapse promotes receptors and ligands interaction in the contact interface between the T lymphocyte and the antigen presenting cell; glycosylation of the proteins involved in this biological process favors regulation of molecular interactions and development of the T lymphocyte effector response. Glycans in the immunological synapse influence cellular and molecular processes such as folding, expression, and structural stability of proteins, they also mediate ligand-receptor interaction and propagation of the intracellular signaling or inhibition of uncontrolled cellular activation that could lead to the development of autoimmunity, among others. It has been suggested that altered glycosylation of proteins that participate in the immunological synapse affects the signaling processes and cell proliferation, as well as exacerbation of the effector mechanisms of T cells that trigger systemic damage and autoimmunity. Understanding the role of glycans in the immune response has allowed for advances in the development of immunotherapies in different fields through the controlled and specific activation of the immune response. This review describes the structural and biological aspects of glycans associated with some molecules present in the immunological synapse, providing information that allows understanding the function of glycosylation in the interaction between the T lymphocyte and the antigen-presenting cell, as well as its impact on signaling and development regulation of T lymphocytes effector response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilton Gómez-Henao
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacan; Mexico.,Cell Growth, Tissue Repair and Regeneration (CRRET), CNRS ERL 9215, Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Eda Patricia Tenorio
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacan; Mexico
| | | | - Miguel Cuéllar Mendoza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacan; Mexico
| | - Ricardo Lascurain Ledezma
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacan; Mexico
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacan; Mexico
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29
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Strauch V, Saul D, Berisha M, Mackensen A, Mougiakakos D, Jitschin R. N-glycosylation controls inflammatory licensing-triggered PD-L1 upregulation in human mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cells 2020; 38:986-993. [PMID: 32346937 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are characterized by their multipotency, regenerative potential, and immunoregulatory properties. Nowadays, MSCs represent a promising cell-therapeutic option for hyperinflammatory conditions such as graft-vs-host disease following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A better understanding of their biology is a prerequisite for improving their treatment efficacy. Emerging evidence suggests that immunosuppressive properties are not constitutively active in MSCs. Instead, microenvironmental inflammatory stimuli such as the cytokines interferon (IFN)-γ or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α license MSCs to acquire a tolerance-promoting phenotype. The immunological checkpoint molecule programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an important regulator of T-cell responses. Binding of PD-L1 to the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor on T-cells suppresses their activation, proliferation, and induces apoptosis. Previous studies have revealed that cell surface expression and secretion of PD-L1 are part of the MSCs' immunomodulatory armamentarium. Here, we report that inflammatory licensing leads to an enhanced PD-L1 cell surface expression and secretion, which are both accompanied by an increased posttranslational protein N-glycosylation. These post-translational modifications have been shown to be critical for key biological processes such as cell trafficking, receptor signaling, and immunohomeostasis. In fact, promoting N-glycosylation in MSCs yielded increased PD-L1 levels. We report for the first time that PD-L1 N-glycosylation plays a decisive role for its transport to the MSCs' cell surface and its subsequent secretion (in response to proinflammatory trigger). Our data offer insights into a novel regulatory mechanism with the potential to be exploited as a means to foster the immunosuppressive potency of human MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Strauch
- Department of Medicine 5 for Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Domenica Saul
- Department of Medicine 5 for Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mirjeta Berisha
- Department of Medicine 5 for Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Mackensen
- Department of Medicine 5 for Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- Department of Medicine 5 for Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Regina Jitschin
- Department of Medicine 5 for Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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30
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Rosales-Mendoza S, Solís-Andrade KI, Márquez-Escobar VA, González-Ortega O, Bañuelos-Hernandez B. Current advances in the algae-made biopharmaceuticals field. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2020; 20:751-766. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2020.1739643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Karla I. Solís-Andrade
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Verónica A. Márquez-Escobar
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Omar González-Ortega
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México
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31
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Jeong DE, Lee Y, Ham S, Lee D, Kwon S, Park HEH, Hwang SY, Yoo JY, Roh TY, Lee SJV. Inhibition of the oligosaccharyl transferase in Caenorhabditis elegans that compromises ER proteostasis suppresses p38-dependent protection against pathogenic bacteria. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008617. [PMID: 32130226 PMCID: PMC7055741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) protein complex mediates the N-linked glycosylation of substrate proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which regulates stability, activity, and localization of its substrates. Although many OST substrate proteins have been identified, the physiological role of the OST complex remains incompletely understood. Here we show that the OST complex in C. elegans is crucial for ER protein homeostasis and defense against infection with pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA14), via immune-regulatory PMK-1/p38 MAP kinase. We found that genetic inhibition of the OST complex impaired protein processing in the ER, which in turn up-regulated ER unfolded protein response (UPRER). We identified vitellogenin VIT-6 as an OST-dependent glycosylated protein, critical for maintaining survival on PA14. We also showed that the OST complex was required for up-regulation of PMK-1 signaling upon infection with PA14. Our study demonstrates that an evolutionarily conserved OST complex, crucial for ER homeostasis, regulates host defense mechanisms against pathogenic bacteria. N-linked glycosylation is essential for the function of various proteins, but its effects on physiology at an organism level remain poorly understood. Using the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, we show that the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex, which mediates the N-glycosylation of substrate proteins in the ER, reduces susceptibility to pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We find that OST enhances defense against P. aeruginosa via maintenance of ER unfolded protein response (UPRER) and up-regulation of cytosolic p38 MAP kinase signaling. Our findings propose an intriguing model for the organellar crosstalk between the ER and the cytosol in host defense mechanisms. Because the OST complex components are highly conserved among eukaryotes, our study on the regulation of cellular signaling and C. elegans physiology by the OST complex will provide an insight into the function of its mammalian counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Eun Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seokjin Ham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dongyeop Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - Sujeong Kwon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hae-Eun H. Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sun-Young Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - Joo-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - Tae-Young Roh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jae V. Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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32
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Bi C, Yuan Y, Tu Y, Wu J, Liang Y, Li Y, He X, Chen L, Zhang Y. Facile synthesis of hydrophilic magnetic graphene nanocomposites via dopamine self-polymerization and Michael addition for selective enrichment of N-linked glycopeptides. Sci Rep 2020; 10:71. [PMID: 31919391 PMCID: PMC6952460 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56944-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of methods to effectively capture N-glycopeptides from the complex biological samples is crucial to N-glycoproteome profiling. Herein, the hydrophilic chitosan–functionalized magnetic graphene nanocomposites (denoted as Fe3O4-GO@PDA-Chitosan) were designed and synthesized via a simple two-step modification (dopamine self-polymerization and Michael addition). The Fe3O4-GO@PDA-Chitosan nanocomposites exhibited good performances with low detection limit (0.4 fmol·μL−1), good selectivity (mixture of bovine serum albumin and horseradish peroxidase tryptic digests at a molar ration of 10:1), good repeatability (4 times), high binding capacity (75 mg·g−1). Moreover, Fe3O4-GO@PDA-Chitosan nanocomposites were further utilized to selectively enrich glycopeptides from human renal mesangial cell (HRMC, 200 μg) tryptic digest, and 393 N-linked glycopeptides, representing 195 different glycoproteins and 458 glycosylation sites were identified. This study provides a feasible strategy for the surface functionalized novel materials for isolation and enrichment of N-glycopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfen Bi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yuran Tu
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yulu Liang
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Xiwen He
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Langxing Chen
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Yukui Zhang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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Oyelakin A, Song E, Min S, Bard J, Kann J, Horeth E, Smalley K, Kramer J, Sinha S, Romano R. Transcriptomic and Single-Cell Analysis of the Murine Parotid Gland. J Dent Res 2019; 98:1539-1547. [PMID: 31623513 PMCID: PMC6873284 DOI: 10.1177/0022034519882355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The salivary complex of mammals consists of 3 major pairs of glands: the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. While the 3 glands share similar functional properties, such as saliva secretion, their differences are largely based on the types of secretions they produce. While recent studies have begun to shed light on the underlying molecular differences among the glands, few have examined the global transcriptional repertoire over various stages of gland maturation. To better elucidate the molecular nature of the parotid gland, we have performed RNA sequencing to generate comprehensive and global gene expression profiles of this gland at different stages of maturation. Our transcriptomic characterization and hierarchical clustering analysis with adult organ RNA sequencing data sets has identified a number of molecular players and pathways that are relevant for parotid gland biology. Moreover, our detailed analysis has revealed a unique parotid gland-specific gene signature that may represent important players that could impart parotid gland-specific biological properties. To complement our transcriptomic studies, we have performed single-cell RNA sequencing to map the transcriptomes of parotid epithelial cells. Interrogation of the single-cell transcriptomes revealed the degree of molecular and cellular heterogeneity of the various epithelial cell types within the parotid gland. Moreover, we uncovered a mixed-lineage population of cells that may reflect molecular priming of differentiation potentials. Overall our comprehensive studies provide a powerful tool for the discovery of novel molecular players important in parotid gland biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Oyelakin
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental
Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - E.A.C. Song
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental
Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - S. Min
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental
Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - J.E. Bard
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, State
University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - J.V. Kann
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, State
University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - E. Horeth
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental
Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - K. Smalley
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of
Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY,
USA
| | - J.M. Kramer
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental
Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - S. Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of
Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY,
USA
| | - R.A. Romano
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental
Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of
Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY,
USA
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Wang X, Yuan J, Wang H, Gan N, Zhang Q, Liu B, Wang J, Shu Z, Rao L, Gou X, Zhang H, Yin Y, Zhang X. Progranulin Decreases Susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumoniae in Influenza and Protects against Lethal Coinfection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:2171-2182. [PMID: 31519865 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae coinfection is a major cause of mortality in influenza pandemics. Growing evidence shows that uncontrolled immune response results in severe tissue damage and thereby promotes death in coinfection. Progranulin (PGRN) is widely expressed in immune and epithelial cells and exerts anti-inflammatory role in many diseases. We found that PGRN levels were significantly elevated in clinical influenza/S. pneumoniae-coinfected patients. C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and PGRN-deficient (PGRN-/-) mice were infected with influenza virus PR8 and then superchallenged with S. pneumoniae serotype 19F. Coinfected PGRN-/- mice showed increased mortality and weight loss compared with WT mice. PGRN deficiency led to increased bacterial loads in lungs without altering influenza virus replication, suggesting a role of PGRN in decreasing postinfluenza susceptibility to S. pneumoniae coinfection. Administration of recombinant PGRN improved survival of WT and PGRN-/- mice in lethal coinfection. Additionally, loss of PGRN resulted in aggravated lung damage along with massive proinflammatory cytokine production and immune cell infiltration during coinfection. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) during influenza, and coinfection was strongly induced in PGRN-/- mice that subsequently activated apoptosis signaling pathways. Treatment of recombinant PGRN or inhibition of ERS by 4-phenylbutyrate decreased apoptosis and bacterial loads in lungs of coinfected mice. These results suggest that PGRN decreases postinfluenza susceptibility to S. pneumoniae coinfection via suppressing ERS-mediated apoptosis. Impaired bacterial clearance and increased lung inflammation are associated with the lethal outcome of coinfected PGRN-/- mice. Our study provides therapeutic implication of PGRN to reduce morbidity and mortality in influenza/S. pneumoniae coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ning Gan
- Stomatological Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; and
| | - Qun Zhang
- Affiliated Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bichen Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jingyao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhaoche Shu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lubei Rao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xuemei Gou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yibing Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China;
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Klatt S, Simpson L, Maslov DA, Konthur Z. Leishmania tarentolae: Taxonomic classification and its application as a promising biotechnological expression host. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007424. [PMID: 31344033 PMCID: PMC6657821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the eukaryotic protozoan parasite Leishmania tarentolae, with a main focus on its potential for biotechnological applications. We will also discuss the genus, subgenus, and species-level classification of this parasite, its life cycle and geographical distribution, and similarities and differences to human-pathogenic species, as these aspects are relevant for the evaluation of biosafety aspects of L. tarentolae as host for recombinant DNA/protein applications. Studies indicate that strain LEM-125 but not strain TARII/UC of L. tarentolae might also be capable of infecting mammals, at least transiently. This could raise the question of whether the current biosafety level of this strain should be reevaluated. In addition, we will summarize the current state of biotechnological research involving L. tarentolae and explain why this eukaryotic parasite is an advantageous and promising human recombinant protein expression host. This summary includes overall biotechnological applications, insights into its protein expression machinery (especially on glycoprotein and antibody fragment expression), available expression vectors, cell culture conditions, and its potential as an immunotherapy agent for human leishmaniasis treatment. Furthermore, we will highlight useful online tools and, finally, discuss possible future applications such as the humanization of the glycosylation profile of L. tarentolae or the expression of mammalian recombinant proteins in amastigote-like cells of this species or in amastigotes of avirulent human-pathogenic Leishmania species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Klatt
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
- * E-mail: (SK); (ZK)
| | - Larry Simpson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Dmitri A. Maslov
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Zoltán Konthur
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
- * E-mail: (SK); (ZK)
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36
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Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins Have Versatile Roles in Regulating Plant Immune Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112807. [PMID: 31181758 PMCID: PMC6600372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To protect themselves from pathogens, plants have developed an effective innate immune system. Plants recognize pathogens and then rapidly alter signaling pathways within individual cells in order to achieve an appropriate immune response, including the generation of reactive oxygen species, callose deposition, and transcriptional reprogramming. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are versatile regulatory changes critical for plant immune response processes. Significantly, PTMs are involved in the crosstalk that serves as a fine-tuning mechanism to adjust cellular responses to pathogen infection. Here, we provide an overview of PTMs that mediate defense signaling perception, signal transduction in host cells, and downstream signal activation.
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Abstract
Calnexin is a chaperone protein that plays a critical role in glycoprotein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The function of calnexin depends on its binding to monoglucosylated oligosaccharides on nascent glycoproteins, whereas the generation of monoglucosylated oligosaccharides depends on the activity of α-glucosidases I and II, which trim off terminal glucose residues sequentially from triglucosylated N-glycans. This biochemical mechanism can be exploited to study calnexin-assisted folding and subsequent ER exiting of glycoproteins in cells. In our investigation of the intracellular trafficking of N-glycosylated serine proteases, we used an inhibitor of α-glucosidases I and II to block the trimming of triglucosylated oligosaccharides, thereby inhibiting calnexin-assisted glycoprotein folding. The study helped us to discover a key role of calnexin in the folding, ER exiting, and extracellular expression of N-glycosylated serine proteases such as corin, enteropeptidase, and prothrombin. A similar approach of glucosidase inhibition can be used to study the calnexin/calreticulin-dependent folding and intracellular trafficking of other N-glycosylated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
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Xie C, Gong W, Zhu Z, Zhou Y, Yan L, Hu Z, Ai L, Peng Y. Mapping the Secretome and Its N-Linked Glycosylation of Pleurotus eryngii and Pleurotus ostreatus Grown on Hemp Stalks. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:5486-5495. [PMID: 31012315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Our previous research showed that Pleurotus eryngii and Pleurotus ostreatus were effective fungi for pretreatment of industrial hemp stalks to improve enzymatic saccharification. The secretomes of these two fungi were analyzed to search for the effective enzyme cocktails degrading hemp lignin during the pretreatment process. In total, 169 and 155 proteins were identified in Pleurotus eryngii and Pleurotus ostreatus, respectively, and 50% of the proteins involved in lignocellulose degradation were CAZymes. Because most of the extracellular proteins secreted by fungi are glycosylated proteins, the N-linked glycosylation of enzymes could be mapped. In total, 27 and 24 N-glycosylated peptides were detected in Pleurotus eryngii and Pleurotus ostreatus secretomes, respectively. N-Glycosylated peptides of laccase, GH92, exoglucanase, phenol oxidase, α-galactosidase, carboxylic ester hydrolase, and pectin lyase were identified. Deglycosylation could decrease enzymatic saccharification of hemp stalks. The activities of laccase, α-galactosidase, and phenol oxidase and the thermal stability of laccase were reduced after deglycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunliang Xie
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changsha 410205 , China
| | - Wenbing Gong
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changsha 410205 , China
| | - Zuohua Zhu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changsha 410205 , China
| | - Yingjun Zhou
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changsha 410205 , China
| | - Li Yan
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changsha 410205 , China
| | - Zhenxiu Hu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changsha 410205 , China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changsha 410205 , China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering , University of Shanghai for Science and Technology , Shanghai 200093 , China
| | - Yuande Peng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops , Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changsha 410205 , China
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Shen YH, Tsai ST, Liew CY, Ni CK. Mass spectrometry-based identification of carbohydrate anomeric configuration to determine the mechanism of glycoside hydrolases. Carbohydr Res 2019; 476:53-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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40
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Lai JY, Klatt S, Lim TS. Potential application of Leishmania tarentolae as an alternative platform for antibody expression. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2019; 39:380-394. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2019.1566206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yi Lai
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Stephan Klatt
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Theam Soon Lim
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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41
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Thomas R, Kermode AR. Enzyme enhancement therapeutics for lysosomal storage diseases: Current status and perspective. Mol Genet Metab 2019; 126:83-97. [PMID: 30528228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule- enzyme enhancement therapeutics (EETs) have emerged as attractive agents for the treatment of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), a broad group of genetic diseases caused by mutations in genes encoding lysosomal enzymes, or proteins required for lysosomal function. The underlying enzyme deficiencies characterizing LSDs cause a block in the stepwise degradation of complex macromolecules (e.g. glycosaminoglycans, glycolipids and others), such that undegraded or partially degraded substrates progressively accumulate in lysosomal and non-lysosomal compartments, a process leading to multisystem pathology via primary and secondary mechanisms. Missense mutations underlie many of the LSDs; the resultant mutant variant enzyme hydrolase is often impaired in its folding and maturation making it subject to rapid disposal by endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD). Enzyme deficiency in the lysosome is the result, even though the mutant enzyme may retain significant catalytic functioning. Small molecule modulators - pharmacological chaperones (PCs), or proteostasis regulators (PRs) are being identified through library screens and computational tools, as they may offer a less costly approach than enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for LSDs, and potentially treat neuronal forms of the diseases. PCs, capable of directly stabilizing the mutant protein, and PRs, which act on other cellular elements to enhance protein maturation, both allow a proportion of the synthesized variant protein to reach the lysosome and function. Proof-of-principle for PCs and PRs as therapeutic agents has been demonstrated for several LSDs, yet definitive data of their efficacy in disease models and/or in downstream clinical studies in many cases has yet to be achieved. Basic research to understand the cellular consequences of protein misfolding such as perturbed organellar crosstalk, redox status, and calcium balance is needed. Likewise, an elucidation of the early in cellulo pathogenic events underlying LSDs is vital and may lead to the discovery of new small molecule modulators and/or to other therapeutic approaches for driving proteostasis toward protein rescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Thomas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby B.C. V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Allison R Kermode
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby B.C. V5A 1S6, Canada.
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Kolli V, Schumacher KN, Dodds ED. Ion mobility-resolved collision-induced dissociation and electron transfer dissociation of N-glycopeptides: gathering orthogonal connectivity information from a single mass-selected precursor ion population. Analyst 2018; 142:4691-4702. [PMID: 29119999 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01196b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycopeptide-level mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analyses are commonly performed to establish site-specific protein glycosylation profiles that are of central importance to gaining structure-function insights on glycoproteins. Confoundingly, the complete characterization of glycopeptide connectivity usually requires the acquisition of multiple MS/MS fragmentation spectra. Complementary ion fragmentation techniques such as collision-induced dissociation (CID) and electron transfer dissociation (ETD) are often applied in concert to address this need. While structurally informative, the requirement for acquisition of two MS/MS spectra per analyte places considerable limitations upon the breadth and depth of large-scale glycoproteomic inquiry. Here, a previously developed method of multiplexing CID and ETD is applied to the study of glycopeptides for the first time. Integration of the two dissociation methods was accomplished through addition of an ion mobility (IM) dimension that disperses the two stages of MS/MS in time. This allows the two MS/MS spectra to be acquired within a few milliseconds of one another, and to be deconvoluted in post-processing. Furthermore, the method allows both fragmentation readouts to be obtained from the same precursor ion packet, thus reducing the inefficiencies imposed by separate CID and ETD acquisitions and the relatively poor precursor ion to fragment ion conversion typical of ETD. N-Linked glycopeptide ions ranging in molecular weight from 1.8 to 6.5 kDa were generated from four model glycoproteins that collectively encompassed paucimannosidic, high mannose, and complex types of N-glycosylation. In each case, IM-resolved CID and ETD events provided complete coverage of the glycan topology and peptide sequence coverages ranging from 48.4% (over 32 amino acid residues) to 85.7% (over eight amino acid residues). The potential of this method for large-scale glycoproteomic analysis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Kolli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA.
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Li H, Wang G, Yu Y, Jian W, Zhang D, Wang Y, Wang T, Meng Y, Yuan C, Zhang C. α-1,2-Mannosidase MAN1C1 Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2018; 9:4618-4626. [PMID: 30588245 PMCID: PMC6299394 DOI: 10.7150/jca.27673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This study investigated the biological function of the gene MAN1C1 α-mannosidase in renal cell carcinoma. It has been reported that MAN1C1 is probably a potential tumor suppressor gene in Wilms. However, the role of MAN1C1 in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has not been reported. Methods: In this study, MAN1C1 gene over-expression was used to transfect human renal cancer cell lines 786-O and OS-RC-2 to study apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms which influence epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Results: MAN1C1 was down-regulated in ccRCC and related to the clinicopathological factors and prognosis of ccRCC. We revealed that over-expression MAN1C1 showed anti-tumor effect by inducing apoptosis, as determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, cell cycle analysis, and western blot analysis. What's more, MAN1C1 over-expression remarkably increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition by increasing the expression of E-CA. In addition, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and E-CA were also increased in MAN1C1 gene over-expression renal cancer cells compared with the control cells. Conclusion: We find that re-expression of silenced MAN1C1 in ccRCC cell lines inhibited cell viability, colony formation, induced apoptosis, suppressed cell invasion and migration. In conclusion, MAN1C1 is a novel functional tumor suppressor in renal carcinogenesis. This is the first time that the function of MAN1C1 gene has been verified in the renal tumor tissue so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yipeng Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wengang Jian
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Daming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yongquan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tengda Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yuyang Meng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Yu M, Cui X, Wang H, Liu J, Qin H, Liu S, Yan Q. FUT8 drives the proliferation and invasion of trophoblastic cells via IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling pathway. Placenta 2018; 75:45-53. [PMID: 30712666 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trophoblast proliferation and invasion are essential for embryo implantation and placentation. Protein glycosylation is one of the most common and vital post-translational modifications, regulates protein physical and biochemical properties. FUT8 is the only known fucosyltransferase responsible for catalyzing α1,6-fucosylation in mammals, and α1,6-fucosylated glycoproteins are found to participate in various physiopathological processes. However, whether FUT8/α1,6-fucosylation modulates the functions of trophoblastic cells remains elusive. METHODS FUT8 in human placenta villi during 6-8 gestational weeks and trophoblastic cells were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescent staining. α1,6-fucosylation in tissues or cells were measured by Lectin LCA (Lens culinaris) fluorescent staining and Lectin blot. FUT8 expression was down-regulated by siRNA transfection in JAR and JEG-3 cells, and cell viability, motility and invasiveness ability were detected by the functional experiments. α1,6-fucosylation of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) was examined by immunoprecipitation, and the amount of phosphorylated IGF-1R was detected in FUT8 down-regulated JAR cells. RESULTS Human placenta villi and trophoblastic cells expressed FUT8/α1,6-fucosylation. Knockdown FUT8 by siRNA transfection suppressed the proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration and invasion of JAR and JEG-3 cells. Furthermore, we found that FUT8 modified the α1,6-fucosylation of IGF-1R, and regulated IGF-1 dependent activation of IGF-1R, MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in JAR cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results implicate a critical role for FUT8 in maintaining the normal functions of trophoblastic cells, suggesting manipulating FUT8 may be an effective approach in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyuan Cui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Huamin Qin
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
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45
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Serrano-Negrón JE, Zhang Z, Rivera-Ruiz AP, Banerjee A, Romero-Nutz EC, Sánchez-Torres N, Baksi K, Banerjee DK. Tunicamycin-induced ER stress in breast cancer cells neither expresses GRP78 on the surface nor secretes it into the media. Glycobiology 2018; 28:61-68. [PMID: 29206917 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwx098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
GRP78 (an Mr 78 kDa calcium dependent glucose binding protein) is located in ER lumen. It functions as ER chaperone and translocates proteins for glycosylation at the asparagine residue present in the sequon Asn-X-Ser/Thr. Paraffin sections from N-glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin treated ER-/PR-/HER2+ (double negative) breast tumor in athymic nude mice exhibited reduced N-glycan but increased GRP78 expression. We have evaluated the effect of tunicamycin on cellular localization of GRP78 in metastatic human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 (ER-/PR-/HER2-). Tunicamycin inhibited cell proliferation in a time and dose-dependent manner. Nonmetastatic estrogen receptor positive (ER+) MCF-7 breast cancer cells were also equally effective. GRP78 expression (protein and mRNA) was higher in tunicamycin (1.0 μg/mL) treated MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. GRP78 is an ER stress marker, so we have followed its intracellular localization using immunofluorescence microscopy after subjecting the cancer cells to various stress conditions. Unfixed cells stained with either FITC-conjugated Concanavalin A (Con A) or Texas-red conjugated wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) exhibited surface expression of N-glycans but not GRP78. GRP78 became detectable only after a brief exposure of cells to ice-cold methanol. Western blotting did not detect GRP78 in conditioned media of cancer cells whereas it did for MMP-1. The conclusion, GRP78 is expressed neither on the outer-leaflet of the (ER-/PR-/HER2-) human breast cancer cells nor it is secreted into the culture media during tunicamycin-induced ER stress. Our study therefore suggests strongly that anti-tumorigenic action of tunicamycin can be modeled to develop next generation cancer therapy, i.e., glycotherapy for treating breast and other sold tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús E Serrano-Negrón
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA.,Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Interamerican University of Puerto Rico, Bayamón Campus, PR 00957, USA
| | - Zhenbo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA
| | - Andrea P Rivera-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA
| | - Aditi Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA
| | - Eva C Romero-Nutz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA
| | - Neysharie Sánchez-Torres
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA
| | - Krishna Baksi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamón, PR 00960-3001, USA
| | - Dipak K Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA.,Institute of Functional Nanomaterials, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR PR00931-1907, USA
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46
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Oishi I, Yoshii K, Miyahara D, Tagami T. Efficient production of human interferon beta in the white of eggs from ovalbumin gene-targeted hens. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10203. [PMID: 29976933 PMCID: PMC6033876 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic chickens could potentially serve as bioreactors for commercial production of recombinant proteins in egg white. Many transgenic chickens have been generated by randomly integrating viral vectors into their genomes, but transgene expression has proved insufficient and/or limited to the initial cohort. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of integrating human interferon beta (hIFN-β) into the chicken ovalbumin locus and producing hIFN-β in egg white. We knocked in hIFN-β into primordial germ cells using a CRISPR/Cas9 protocol and then generated germline chimeric roosters by cell transplantation into recipient embryos. Two generation-zero founder roosters produced hIFN-β knock-in offspring, and all knock-in female offspring produced abundant egg-white hIFN-β (~3.5 mg/ml). Although female offspring of the first generation were sterile, their male counterparts were fertile and produced a second generation of knock-in hens, for which egg-white hIFN-β production was comparable with that of the first generation. The hIFN-β bioactivity represented only ~5% of total egg-white hIFN-β, but unfolding and refolding of hIFN-β in the egg white fully recovered the bioactivity. These results suggest that transgene insertion at the chicken ovalbumin locus can result in abundant and stable expression of an exogenous protein deposited into egg white and should be amenable to industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Oishi
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-8-31, Midorioka, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-8577, Japan.
| | - Kyoko Yoshii
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-8-31, Midorioka, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-8577, Japan
| | - Daichi Miyahara
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0901, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tagami
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0901, Japan
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Andrade-Silva D, Ashline D, Tran T, Lopes AS, Travaglia Cardoso SR, Reis MDS, Zelanis A, Serrano SMT, Reinhold V. Structures of N-Glycans of Bothrops Venoms Revealed as Molecular Signatures that Contribute to Venom Phenotype in Viperid Snakes. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018; 17:1261-1284. [PMID: 29716988 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of snake venoms has long been investigated to explore a myriad of biologically active proteins and peptides that are used for immobilizing or killing prey, and are responsible for the pathological effects observed on envenomation. Glycosylation is the main post-translational modification (PTM) of viperid venoms but currently there is little understanding of how protein glycosylation impacts the variation of venom proteomes. We have previously reported that Bothrops venom glycoproteomes contain a core of components that markedly define their composition and parallel their phylogenetic classification. Here we extend those observations to eight Bothrops species evaluating the N-glycomes by LC-MS as assigned cartoon structures and detailing those structures separately as methylated analogs using ion-trap mass spectrometry (MSn). Following ion disassembly through multiple steps provided sequence and linkage isomeric details that characterized 52 unique compositions in Bothrops venoms. These occurred as 60 structures, of which 26 were identified in the venoms of the Jararaca Complex (B. alcatraz, B. insularis, and B. jararaca), 20 in B. erythromelas, B. jararacussu, B. moojeni and B. neuwiedi venoms, and 22 in B. cotiara venom. Further, quantitative analysis of these N-glycans showed variable relative abundances in the venoms. For the first time a comprehensive set of N-glycan structures present in snake venoms are defined. Despite the fact that glycosylation is not template-defined, the N-glycomes of these venoms mirror the phylogeny cladograms of South American bothropoid snakes reported in studies on morphological, molecular data and feeding habits, exhibiting distinct molecular signatures for each venom. Considering the complexity of N-glycan moieties generally found in glycoproteins, characterized by different degrees of branching, isomer structures, and variable abundances, our findings point to these factors as another level of complexity in Bothrops venoms, features that could dramatically contribute to their distinct biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Ashline
- §The Glycomics Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824
| | - Thuy Tran
- §The Glycomics Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824
| | - Aline Soriano Lopes
- ‖Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, 09913-030 Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo da Silva Reis
- ¶Laboratório Especial de Ciclo Celular, Center of Toxins, Immune-Response, and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, 05503-900, Brazil
| | - André Zelanis
- ‡‡Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (ICT-UNIFESP), São José dos Campos, 12231-280, Brazil
| | | | - Vernon Reinhold
- §The Glycomics Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824;
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48
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Bi C, Liang Y, Shen L, Tian S, Zhang K, Li Y, He X, Chen L, Zhang Y. Maltose-Functionalized Hydrophilic Magnetic Nanoparticles with Polymer Brushes for Highly Selective Enrichment of N-Linked Glycopeptides. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1572-1580. [PMID: 30023808 PMCID: PMC6044954 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Efficient enrichment glycoproteins/glycopeptides from complex biological solutions are very important in the biomedical sciences, in particular biomarker research. In this work, the high hydrophilic polyethylenimine conjugated polymaltose polymer brushes functionalized magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) denoted as Fe3O4-PEI-pMaltose were designed and synthesized via a simple two-step modification. The obtained superhydrophilic Fe3O4-PEI-pMaltose NPs displayed outstanding advantages in the enrichment of N-linked glycopeptides, including high selectivity (1:100, mass ratios of HRP and bovine serum albumin (BSA) digest), low detection limit (10 fmol), large binding capacity (200 mg/g), and high enrichment recovery (above 85%). The above-mentioned excellent performance of novel Fe3O4-PEI-pMaltose NPs was attributed to graft of maltose polymer brushes and efficient assembly strategy. Moreover, Fe3O4-PEI-pMaltose NPs were further utilized to selectively enrich glycopeptides from human renal mesangial cell (HRMC, 200 μg) tryptic digest, and 449 N-linked glycopeptides, representing 323 different glycoproteins and 476 glycosylation sites, were identified. It was expected that the as-synthesized Fe3O4-PEI-pMaltose NPs, possessing excellent performance (high binding capacity, good selectivity, low detection limit, high enrichment recovery, and easy magnetic separation) coupled to a facile preparation procedure, have a huge potential in N-glycosylation proteome analysis of complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfen Bi
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine,
Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking
Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yulu Liang
- Research
Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key
Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lijin Shen
- 2011
Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shanshan Tian
- 2011
Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- 2011
Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine,
Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking
Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xiwen He
- Research
Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key
Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Langxing Chen
- Research
Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key
Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation
Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yukui Zhang
- Research
Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key
Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, State Key Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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49
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Recent advances in enhanced enzyme activity, thermostability and secretion by N-glycosylation regulation in yeast. Biotechnol Lett 2018; 40:847-854. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-2526-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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50
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Pitale PM, Gorbatyuk O, Gorbatyuk M. Neurodegeneration: Keeping ATF4 on a Tight Leash. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:410. [PMID: 29326555 PMCID: PMC5736573 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ER stress response, also known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), is common to various degenerative disorders. Therefore, signaling components of the UPR are currently emerging as potential targets for intervention and treatment of human diseases. One UPR signaling member, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), has been found up-regulated in many pathological conditions, pointing to therapeutic potential in targeting its expression. In cells, ATF4 governs multiple signaling pathways, including autophagy, oxidative stress, inflammation, and translation, suggesting a multifaceted role of ATF4 in the progression of various pathologies. However, ATF4 has been shown to trigger both pro-survival and pro-death pathways, and this, perhaps, can explain the contradictory opinions in current literature regarding targeting ATF4 for clinical application. In this review, we summarized recent published studies from our labs and others that focus on the therapeutic potential of the strategy controlling ATF4 expression in different retinal and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada M Pitale
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Oleg Gorbatyuk
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Marina Gorbatyuk
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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