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Caño-Carrillo S, Castillo-Casas JM, Franco D, Lozano-Velasco E. Unraveling the Signaling Dynamics of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiac Diseases. Cells 2024; 13:265. [PMID: 38334657 PMCID: PMC10854837 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective intercellular communication is essential for cellular and tissue balance maintenance and response to challenges. Cellular communication methods involve direct cell contact or the release of biological molecules to cover short and long distances. However, a recent discovery in this communication network is the involvement of extracellular vesicles that host biological contents such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, influencing neighboring cells. These extracellular vesicles are found in body fluids; thus, they are considered as potential disease biomarkers. Cardiovascular diseases are significant contributors to global morbidity and mortality, encompassing conditions such as ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, electrical heart diseases, and heart failure. Recent studies reveal the release of extracellular vesicles by cardiovascular cells, influencing normal cardiac function and structure. However, under pathological conditions, extracellular vesicles composition changes, contributing to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Investigating the loading of molecular cargo in these extracellular vesicles is essential for understanding their role in disease development. This review consolidates the latest insights into the role of extracellular vesicles in diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, exploring the potential applications of extracellular vesicles in personalized therapies, shedding light on the evolving landscape of cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (S.C.-C.); (J.M.C.-C.); (D.F.)
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2
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Carmona R, López-Sánchez C, Garcia-Martinez V, Garcia-López V, Muñoz-Chápuli R, Lozano-Velasco E, Franco D. Novel Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms Governing Embryonic Epicardium Formation. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:440. [PMID: 37998498 PMCID: PMC10672416 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10110440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The embryonic epicardium originates from the proepicardium, an extracardiac primordium constituted by a cluster of mesothelial cells. In early embryos, the embryonic epicardium is characterized by a squamous cell epithelium resting on the myocardium surface. Subsequently, it invades the subepicardial space and thereafter the embryonic myocardium by means of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Within the myocardium, epicardial-derived cells present multilineage potential, later differentiating into smooth muscle cells and contributing both to coronary vasculature and cardiac fibroblasts in the mature heart. Over the last decades, we have progressively increased our understanding of those cellular and molecular mechanisms driving proepicardial/embryonic epicardium formation. This study provides a state-of-the-art review of the transcriptional and emerging post-transcriptional mechanisms involved in the formation and differentiation of the embryonic epicardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Carmona
- Department of Human Anatomy, Legal Medicine and History of Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Carmen López-Sánchez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.L.-S.); (V.G.-M.)
| | - Virginio Garcia-Martinez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.L.-S.); (V.G.-M.)
| | - Virginio Garcia-López
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Pharmacology Area, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain;
| | - Ramón Muñoz-Chápuli
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain;
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain;
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3
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Castillo-Casas JM, Caño-Carrillo S, Sánchez-Fernández C, Franco D, Lozano-Velasco E. Comparative Analysis of Heart Regeneration: Searching for the Key to Heal the Heart-Part II: Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiac Regeneration. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:357. [PMID: 37754786 PMCID: PMC10531542 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10090357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, among which ischemic heart disease is the most representative. Myocardial infarction results from occlusion of a coronary artery, which leads to an insufficient blood supply to the myocardium. As it is well known, the massive loss of cardiomyocytes cannot be solved due the limited regenerative ability of the adult mammalian hearts. In contrast, some lower vertebrate species can regenerate the heart after an injury; their study has disclosed some of the involved cell types, molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways during the regenerative process. In this 'two parts' review, we discuss the current state-of-the-art of the main response to achieve heart regeneration, where several processes are involved and essential for cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Castillo-Casas
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (D.F.)
| | - Sheila Caño-Carrillo
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (D.F.)
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Fernández
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, 18007 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, 18007 Granada, Spain
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, 18007 Granada, Spain
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4
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Castillo-Casas JM, Caño-Carrillo S, Sánchez-Fernández C, Franco D, Lozano-Velasco E. Comparative Analysis of Heart Regeneration: Searching for the Key to Heal the Heart-Part I: Experimental Injury Models to Study Cardiac Regeneration. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:325. [PMID: 37623338 PMCID: PMC10455172 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10080325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, among which, ischemic heart disease is the most prevalent. Myocardial infarction results from occlusion of a coronary artery, which leads to an insufficient blood supply to the myocardium. As is well known, the massive loss of cardiomyocytes cannot be solved due the limited regenerative ability of the adult mammalian heart. In contrast, some lower vertebrate species can regenerate the heart after injury; their study has disclosed some of the involved cell types, molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways during the regenerative process. In this two-part review, we discuss the current state of the principal response in heart regeneration, where several involved processes are essential for full cardiac function in recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Castillo-Casas
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (D.F.)
| | - Sheila Caño-Carrillo
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (D.F.)
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Fernández
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, 18007 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, 18007 Granada, Spain
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (C.S.-F.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, 18007 Granada, Spain
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Tarifa C, Serra SA, Herraiz-Martínez A, Lozano-Velasco E, Benítez R, Aranega A, Franco D, Hove-Madsen L. Pitx2c deficiency confers cellular electrophysiological hallmarks of atrial fibrillation to isolated atrial myocytes. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114577. [PMID: 37001181 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with altered expression of the transcription factor Pitx2c and a high incidence of calcium release-induced afterdepolarizations. However, the relationship between Pitx2c expression and defective calcium homeostasis remains unclear and we here aimed to determine how Pitx2c expression affects calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and its impact on electrical activity in isolated atrial myocytes. METHODS To address this issue, we applied confocal calcium imaging and patch-clamp techniques to atrial myocytes isolated from a mouse model with conditional atrial-specific deletion of Pitx2c. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that heterozygous deletion of Pitx2c doubles the calcium spark frequency, increases the frequency of sparks/site 1.5-fold, the calcium spark decay constant from 36 to 42 ms and the wave frequency from none to 3.2 min-1. Additionally, the cell capacitance increased by 30% and both the SR calcium load and the transient inward current (ITI) frequency were doubled. Furthermore, the fraction of cells with spontaneous action potentials increased from none to 44%. These effects of Pitx2c deficiency were comparable in right and left atrial myocytes, and homozygous deletion of Pitx2c did not induce any further effects on sparks, SR calcium load, ITI frequency or spontaneous action potentials. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that heterozygous Pitx2c deletion induces defects in calcium homeostasis and electrical activity that mimic derangements observed in right atrial myocytes from patients with AF and suggest that Pitx2c deficiency confers cellular electrophysiological hallmarks of AF to isolated atrial myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Tarifa
- Biomedical Research Institute Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Spain; IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Selma A Serra
- Biomedical Research Institute Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Spain; IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adela Herraiz-Martínez
- Biomedical Research Institute Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Spain; IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Raul Benítez
- Department of Automatic Control, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amelia Aranega
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Spain
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Biomedical Research Institute Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), Spain; IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERCV, Spain.
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García-Padilla C, Daimi H, Franco D, Lozano-Velasco E. Editorial: Cell signalling in heart development, disease and regeneration. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1188406. [PMID: 37064907 PMCID: PMC10096026 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1188406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos García-Padilla
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular PAthology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Houria Daimi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
- *Correspondence: Estefanía Lozano-Velasco,
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Garcia-Padilla C, Lozano-Velasco E, Garcia-Lopez V, Aranega A, Franco D, Garcia-Martinez V, Lopez-Sanchez C. Comparative Analysis of Non-Coding RNA Transcriptomics in Heart Failure. Biomedicines 2022; 10:3076. [PMID: 36551832 PMCID: PMC9775550 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure constitutes a clinical complex syndrome with different symptomatic characteristics depending on age, sex, race and ethnicity, among others, which has become a major public health issue with an increasing prevalence. One of the most interesting tools seeking to improve prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this pathology has focused on finding new molecular biomarkers since heart failure relies on deficient cardiac homeostasis, which is regulated by a strict gene expression. Therefore, currently, analyses of non-coding RNA transcriptomics have been oriented towards human samples. The present review develops a comparative study emphasizing the relevance of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs as potential biomarkers in heart failure. Significantly, further studies in this field of research are fundamental to supporting their widespread clinical use. In this sense, the various methodologies used by the authors should be standardized, including larger cohorts, homogeneity of the samples and uniformity of the bioinformatic pipelines used to reach stratification and statistical significance of the results. These basic adjustments could provide promising steps to designing novel strategies for clinical management of patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Garcia-Padilla
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
- Medina Foundation, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Virginio Garcia-Lopez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Amelia Aranega
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
- Medina Foundation, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
- Medina Foundation, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Virginio Garcia-Martinez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Carmen Lopez-Sanchez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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8
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García-Padilla C, Muñoz-Gallardo MDM, Lozano-Velasco E, Castillo-Casas JM, Caño-Carrillo S, García-López V, Aránega A, Franco D, García-Martínez V, López-Sánchez C. New Insights into the Roles of lncRNAs as Modulators of Cytoskeleton Architecture and Their Implications in Cellular Homeostasis and in Tumorigenesis. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8020028. [PMID: 35447891 PMCID: PMC9033079 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of the cytoskeleton not only in cell architecture but also as a pivotal element in the transduction of signals that mediate multiple biological processes has recently been highlighted. Broadly, the cytoskeleton consists of three types of structural proteins: (1) actin filaments, involved in establishing and maintaining cell shape and movement; (2) microtubules, necessary to support the different organelles and distribution of chromosomes during cell cycle; and (3) intermediate filaments, which have a mainly structural function showing specificity for the cell type where they are expressed. Interaction between these protein structures is essential for the cytoskeletal mesh to be functional. Furthermore, the cytoskeleton is subject to intense spatio-temporal regulation mediated by the assembly and disassembly of its components. Loss of cytoskeleton homeostasis and integrity of cell focal adhesion are hallmarks of several cancer types. Recently, many reports have pointed out that lncRNAs could be critical mediators in cellular homeostasis controlling dynamic structure and stability of the network formed by cytoskeletal structures, specifically in different types of carcinomas. In this review, we summarize current information available about the roles of lncRNAs as modulators of actin dependent cytoskeleton and their impact on cancer pathogenesis. Finally, we explore other examples of cytoskeletal lncRNAs currently unrelated to tumorigenesis, to illustrate knowledge about them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos García-Padilla
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (M.d.M.M.-G.); (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Correspondence: (C.G.-P.); (C.L.-S.)
| | - María del Mar Muñoz-Gallardo
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (M.d.M.M.-G.); (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (M.d.M.M.-G.); (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Fundación Medina, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Castillo-Casas
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (M.d.M.M.-G.); (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Sheila Caño-Carrillo
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (M.d.M.M.-G.); (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Virginio García-López
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
| | - Amelia Aránega
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (M.d.M.M.-G.); (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Fundación Medina, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (M.d.M.M.-G.); (J.M.C.-C.); (S.C.-C.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Fundación Medina, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Virginio García-Martínez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
| | - Carmen López-Sánchez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
- Correspondence: (C.G.-P.); (C.L.-S.)
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Daimi H, Lozano-Velasco E, Aranega A, Franco D. Genomic and Non-Genomic Regulatory Mechanisms of the Cardiac Sodium Channel in Cardiac Arrhythmias. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1381. [PMID: 35163304 PMCID: PMC8835759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nav1.5 is the predominant cardiac sodium channel subtype, encoded by the SCN5A gene, which is involved in the initiation and conduction of action potentials throughout the heart. Along its biosynthesis process, Nav1.5 undergoes strict genomic and non-genomic regulatory and quality control steps that allow only newly synthesized channels to reach their final membrane destination and carry out their electrophysiological role. These regulatory pathways are ensured by distinct interacting proteins that accompany the nascent Nav1.5 protein along with different subcellular organelles. Defects on a large number of these pathways have a tremendous impact on Nav1.5 functionality and are thus intimately linked to cardiac arrhythmias. In the present review, we provide current state-of-the-art information on the molecular events that regulate SCN5A/Nav1.5 and the cardiac channelopathies associated with defects in these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houria Daimi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Amelia Aranega
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
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10
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Aránega AE, Lozano-Velasco E, Rodriguez-Outeiriño L, Ramírez de Acuña F, Franco D, Hernández-Torres F. MiRNAs and Muscle Regeneration: Therapeutic Targets in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084236. [PMID: 33921834 PMCID: PMC8072594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs required for the post-transcriptional control of gene expression. MicroRNAs play a critical role in modulating muscle regeneration and stem cell behavior. Muscle regeneration is affected in muscular dystrophies, and a critical point for the development of effective strategies for treating muscle disorders is optimizing approaches to target muscle stem cells in order to increase the ability to regenerate lost tissue. Within this framework, miRNAs are emerging as implicated in muscle stem cell response in neuromuscular disorders and new methodologies to regulate the expression of key microRNAs are coming up. In this review, we summarize recent advances highlighting the potential of miRNAs to be used in conjunction with gene replacement therapies, in order to improve muscle regeneration in the context of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Eva Aránega
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23009 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (L.R.-O.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.); (F.H.-T.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23009 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (L.R.-O.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.); (F.H.-T.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Lara Rodriguez-Outeiriño
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23009 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (L.R.-O.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.); (F.H.-T.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Felicitas Ramírez de Acuña
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23009 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (L.R.-O.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.); (F.H.-T.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23009 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (L.R.-O.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.); (F.H.-T.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Hernández-Torres
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23009 Jaen, Spain; (E.L.-V.); (L.R.-O.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.); (F.H.-T.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, Av. del Conocimiento 34, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avda. de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain
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11
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García-Padilla C, Lozano-Velasco E, López-Sánchez C, Garcia-Martínez V, Aranega A, Franco D. Non-Coding RNAs in Retinoic Acid as Differentiation and Disease Drivers. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7010013. [PMID: 33671241 PMCID: PMC8005990 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (RA) is the most active metabolite of vitamin A. Several studies have described a pivotal role for RA signalling in different biological processes such as cell growth and differentiation, embryonic development and organogenesis. Since RA signalling is highly dose-dependent, a fine-tuning regulatory mechanism is required. Thus, RA signalling deregulation has a major impact, both in development and disease, related in many cases to oncogenic processes. In this review, we focus on the impact of ncRNA post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, especially those of microRNAs and lncRNAs, in RA signalling pathways during differentiation and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos García-Padilla
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (A.A.)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.L.-S.); (V.G.-M.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (A.A.)
- Fundación Medina, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen López-Sánchez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.L.-S.); (V.G.-M.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Virginio Garcia-Martínez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.L.-S.); (V.G.-M.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Amelia Aranega
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (A.A.)
- Fundación Medina, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (A.A.)
- Fundación Medina, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
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12
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Herraiz-Martínez A, Llach A, Tarifa C, Gandía J, Jiménez-Sabado V, Lozano-Velasco E, Serra SA, Vallmitjana A, Vázquez Ruiz de Castroviejo E, Benítez R, Aranega A, Muñoz-Guijosa C, Franco D, Cinca J, Hove-Madsen L. The 4q25 variant rs13143308T links risk of atrial fibrillation to defective calcium homoeostasis. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:578-589. [PMID: 30219899 PMCID: PMC6383060 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Single nucleotide polymorphisms on chromosome 4q25 have been associated with risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) but the exiguous knowledge of the mechanistic links between these risk variants and underlying electrophysiological alterations hampers their clinical utility. Here, we tested the hypothesis that 4q25 risk variants cause alterations in the intracellular calcium homoeostasis that predispose to spontaneous electrical activity. METHODS AND RESULTS Western blotting, confocal calcium imaging, and patch-clamp techniques were used to identify mechanisms linking the 4q25 risk variants rs2200733T and rs13143308T to defects in the calcium homoeostasis in human atrial myocytes. Our findings revealed that the rs13143308T variant was more frequent in patients with AF and that myocytes from carriers of this variant had a significantly higher density of calcium sparks (14.1 ± 4.5 vs. 3.1 ± 1.3 events/min, P = 0.02), frequency of transient inward currents (ITI) (1.33 ± 0.24 vs. 0.26 ± 0.09 events/min, P < 0.001) and incidence of spontaneous membrane depolarizations (1.22 ± 0.26 vs. 0.56 ± 0.17 events/min, P = 0.001) than myocytes from patients with the normal rs13143308G variant. These alterations were linked to higher sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium loading (10.2 ± 1.4 vs. 7.3 ± 0.5 amol/pF, P = 0.01), SERCA2 expression (1.37 ± 0.13 fold, P = 0.03), and RyR2 phosphorylation at ser2808 (0.67 ± 0.08 vs. 0.47 ± 0.03, P = 0.01) but not at ser2814 (0.28 ± 0.14 vs. 0.31 ± 0.14, P = 0.61) in patients carrying the rs13143308T risk variant. Furthermore, the presence of a risk variant or AF independently increased the ITI frequency and the increase in the ITI frequency observed in carriers of the risk variants was exacerbated in those with AF. By contrast, the presence of a risk variant did not affect the amplitude or properties of the L-type calcium current in patients with or without AF. CONCLUSIONS Here, we identify the 4q25 variant rs13143308T as a genetic risk marker for AF, specifically associated with excessive calcium release and spontaneous electrical activity linked to increased SERCA2 expression and RyR2 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Herraiz-Martínez
- Biomedical Research Institute Barcelona CSIC-IIBB Antiguo Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Pabellon 11, St Antoni Ma Claret 167, Barcelona, Spain.,IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Llach
- IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Tarifa
- Biomedical Research Institute Barcelona CSIC-IIBB Antiguo Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Pabellon 11, St Antoni Ma Claret 167, Barcelona, Spain.,IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Gandía
- Biomedical Research Institute Barcelona CSIC-IIBB Antiguo Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Pabellon 11, St Antoni Ma Claret 167, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Selma A Serra
- Biomedical Research Institute Barcelona CSIC-IIBB Antiguo Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Pabellon 11, St Antoni Ma Claret 167, Barcelona, Spain.,IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexander Vallmitjana
- Department of Automatic Control, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Raúl Benítez
- Department of Automatic Control, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amelia Aranega
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Spain
| | | | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Spain
| | - Juan Cinca
- IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Spain
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Biomedical Research Institute Barcelona CSIC-IIBB Antiguo Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Pabellon 11, St Antoni Ma Claret 167, Barcelona, Spain.,IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Spain
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13
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Lozano-Velasco E, Garcia-Padilla C, Aránega AE, Franco D. Genetics of Atrial Fibrilation: In Search of Novel Therapeutic Targets. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2019; 19:183-194. [PMID: 30727926 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x19666190206150349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent arrhythmogenic disease in humans, ranging from 2% in the general population and rising up to 10-12% in 80+ years. Genetic analyses of AF familiar cases have identified a series of point mutations in distinct ion channels, supporting a causative link. However, these genetic defects only explain a minority of AF patients. Genomewide association studies identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), close to PITX2 on 4q25 chromosome, that are highly associated to AF. Subsequent GWAS studies have identified several new loci, involving additional transcription and growth factors. Furthermore, these risk 4q25 SNPs serve as surrogate biomarkers to identify AF recurrence in distinct surgical and pharmacological interventions. Experimental studies have demonstrated an intricate signalling pathway supporting a key role of the homeobox transcription factor PITX2 as a transcriptional regulator. Furthermore, cardiovascular risk factors such as hyperthyroidism, hypertension and redox homeostasis have been identified to modulate PITX2 driven gene regulatory networks. We provide herein a state-of-the-art review of the genetic bases of atrial fibrillation, our current understanding of the genetic regulatory networks involved in AF and its plausible usage for searching novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Carlos Garcia-Padilla
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Amelia E Aránega
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
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14
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Wittig JG, Billmeier M, Lozano-Velasco E, García MR, Münsterberg AE. Cardiac injections of AntagomiRs as a novel tool for knockdown of miRNAs during heart development. Dev Biol 2018; 445:163-169. [PMID: 30496744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studying microRNA networks during heart development is essential to obtain a better understanding of developmental defects and diseases associated with the heart and to identify novel opportunities for therapeutics. Here we highlight the advantages of chicken embryos as a vertebrate model for studying intermediate processes of heart development. Avians develop a four-chambered heart closely resembling human anatomy and they develop ex utero, which makes them easily accessible. Furthermore, embryos are available all year with a steady supply. RESULTS In this report we established a novel method for the knockdown of microRNA function by microinjecting AntagomiRs into the chicken heart in ovo. Our approach enables the targeted delivery of antagomirs into a locally restricted area and is not impacted by circulation. After further embryo development the successful miRNA knockdown was confirmed. Loss of function phenotypes can be evaluated rapidly, compared to more time-consuming genetic ablation experiments. The local application avoids potential systemic effects of microRNA knockdown, therefore allowing the assessment of impacts on heart development only. The method can be adjusted for different stages of chicken embryos (HH13-HH18) as well as for knockdown or targeted overexpression of coding genes. CONCLUSION In conclusion our method allows targeted and locally restricted delivery of Antagomirs to the heart leading to successful knockdown of microRNA function. This method enables rapid phenotypic assessment, for example by gene expression analysis of multiple cardiac genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes G Wittig
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Martina Billmeier
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Miguel Robles- García
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Andrea E Münsterberg
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
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15
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Vallejo D, Hernández-Torres F, Lozano-Velasco E, Rodriguez-Outeiriño L, Carvajal A, Creus C, Franco D, Aránega AE. PITX2 Enhances the Regenerative Potential of Dystrophic Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 10:1398-1411. [PMID: 29641992 PMCID: PMC5998647 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), one of the most lethal genetic disorders, involves progressive muscle degeneration resulting from the absence of DYSTROPHIN. Lack of DYSTROPHIN expression in DMD has critical consequences in muscle satellite stem cells including a reduced capacity to generate myogenic precursors. Here, we demonstrate that the c-isoform of PITX2 transcription factor modifies the myogenic potential of dystrophic-deficient satellite cells. We further show that PITX2c enhances the regenerative capability of mouse DYSTROPHIN-deficient satellite cells by increasing cell proliferation and the number of myogenic committed cells, but importantly also increasing dystrophin-positive (revertant) myofibers by regulating miR-31. These PITX2-mediated effects finally lead to improved muscle function in dystrophic (DMD/mdx) mice. Our studies reveal a critical role for PITX2 in skeletal muscle repair and may help to develop therapeutic strategies for muscular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vallejo
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, CU Las Lagunillas B3-362, Jaén 23071, Spain
| | - Francisco Hernández-Torres
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, CU Las Lagunillas B3-362, Jaén 23071, Spain
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, CU Las Lagunillas B3-362, Jaén 23071, Spain
| | - Lara Rodriguez-Outeiriño
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, CU Las Lagunillas B3-362, Jaén 23071, Spain
| | - Alejandra Carvajal
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada 18014, Spain
| | - Carlota Creus
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada 18014, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, CU Las Lagunillas B3-362, Jaén 23071, Spain
| | - Amelia Eva Aránega
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, CU Las Lagunillas B3-362, Jaén 23071, Spain.
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16
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Marín-Barba M, Gavilán H, Gutiérrez L, Lozano-Velasco E, Rodríguez-Ramiro I, Wheeler GN, Morris CJ, Morales MP, Ruiz A. Unravelling the mechanisms that determine the uptake and metabolism of magnetic single and multicore nanoparticles in a Xenopus laevis model. Nanoscale 2018; 10:690-704. [PMID: 29242877 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06020c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Multicore superparamagnetic nanoparticles have been proposed as ideal tools for some biomedical applications because of their high magnetic moment per particle, high specific surface area and long term colloidal stability. Through controlled aggregation and packing of magnetic cores it is possible to obtain not only single-core but also multicore and hollow spheres with internal voids. In this work, we compare toxicological properties of single and multicore nanoparticles. Both types of particles showed moderate in vitro toxicity (MTT assay) tested in Hep G2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) and Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma) cells. The influence of surface chemistry in their biological behavior was also studied after functionalization with O,O'-bis(2-aminoethyl) PEG (2000 Da). For the first time, these nanoparticles were evaluated in a Xenopus laevis model studying their whole organism toxicity and their impact upon iron metabolism. The degree of activation of the metabolic pathway depends on the size and surface charge of the nanoparticles which determine their uptake. The results also highlight the potential of Xenopus laevis model bridging the gap between in vitro cell-based assays and rodent models for toxicity assessment to develop effective nanoparticles for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Marín-Barba
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK
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17
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Lozano-Velasco E, Wangensteen R, Quesada A, Garcia-Padilla C, Osorio JA, Ruiz-Torres MD, Aranega A, Franco D. Hyperthyroidism, but not hypertension, impairs PITX2 expression leading to Wnt-microRNA-ion channel remodeling. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188473. [PMID: 29194452 PMCID: PMC5711019 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PITX2 is a homeobox transcription factor involved in embryonic left/right signaling and more recently has been associated to cardiac arrhythmias. Genome wide association studies have pinpointed PITX2 as a major player underlying atrial fibrillation (AF). We have previously described that PITX2 expression is impaired in AF patients. Furthermore, distinct studies demonstrate that Pitx2 insufficiency leads to complex gene regulatory network remodeling, i.e. Wnt>microRNAs, leading to ion channel impairment and thus to arrhythmogenic events in mice. Whereas large body of evidences has been provided in recent years on PITX2 downstream signaling pathways, scarce information is available on upstream pathways influencing PITX2 in the context of AF. Multiple risk factors are associated to the onset of AF, such as e.g. hypertension (HTN), hyperthyroidism (HTD) and redox homeostasis impairment. In this study we have analyzed whether HTN, HTD and/or redox homeostasis impact on PITX2 and its downstream signaling pathways. Using rat models for spontaneous HTN (SHR) and experimentally-induced HTD we have observed that both cardiovascular risk factors lead to severe Pitx2 downregulation. Interesting HTD, but not SHR, leads to up-regulation of Wnt signaling as well as deregulation of multiple microRNAs and ion channels as previously described in Pitx2 insufficiency models. In addition, redox signaling is impaired in HTD but not SHR, in line with similar findings in atrial-specific Pitx2 deficient mice. In vitro cell culture analyses using gain- and loss-of-function strategies demonstrate that Pitx2, Zfhx3 and Wnt signaling influence redox homeostasis in cardiomyocytes. Thus, redox homeostasis seems to play a pivotal role in this setting, providing a regulatory feedback loop. Overall these data demonstrate that HTD, but not HTN, can impair Pitx2>>Wnt pathway providing thus a molecular link to AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | | | - Andrés Quesada
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Carlos Garcia-Padilla
- Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Julia A. Osorio
- Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - María Dolores Ruiz-Torres
- Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Amelia Aranega
- Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
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18
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Andre E, Yaniz-Galende E, Hamilton C, Dusting GJ, Hellen N, Poulet CE, Diez Cunado M, Smits AM, Lowe V, Eckardt D, Du Pre B, Sanz Ruiz R, Moerkamp AT, Tribulova N, Smani T, Liskova YV, Greco S, Guzzolino E, Franco D, Lozano-Velasco E, Knorr M, Pavoine C, Bukowska A, Van Linthout S, Miteva K, Sulzgruber P, Latet SC, Portnychenko A, Cannavo A, Kamilova U, Sagach VF, Santin Y, Octavia Y, Haller PM, Octavia Y, Rubies C, Dei Zotti F, Wong KHK, Gonzalez Miqueo A, Kruithof BPT, Kadur Nagaraju C, Shaposhnikova Y, Songia P, Lindner D, Wilson C, Benzoni P, Fabbri A, Campostrini G, Jorge E, Casini S, Mengarelli I, Nikolov A, Bublikov DS, Kheloufi M, Rubies C, Walker RE, Van Dijk RA, Posthuma JJ, Dumitriu IE, Karshovska E, Sakic A, Alexandru N, Martin-Lorenzo M, Molica F, Taylor RF, Mcarthur L, Crocini C, Matsuyama TA, Mazzoni L, Lin WK, Owen TJ, Scigliano M, Sheehan A, Bezerra Gurgel AR, Bromage DI, Kiss A, Ikeda G, Pickard JMJ, Wirth G, Casos K, Khudiakov A, Nistal JF, Ferrantini C, Park SJ, Di Maggio S, Gentile F, Dini L, Buyandelger B, Larrasa-Alonso J, Schirmer I, Chin SH, Cimiotti D, Martini H, Hohensinner PJ, Garabito M, Zeni F, Licholai S, De Bortoli M, Sivitskaya L, Viczenczova C, Rainer PP, Smith LE, Suna G, Gambardella J, Cozma A, De Gonzalo Calvo D, Scoditti E, Clark BJ, Mansfield C, Eckardt D, Gomez L, Llucia-Valldeperas A, De Pauw A, Porporato P, Bouzin C, Draoui N, Sonveaux P, Balligand JL, Mougenot N, Formicola L, Nadaud S, Dierick F, Hajjar RJ, Marazzi G, Sassoon D, Hulot JS, Zamora VR, Burton FL, Macquaide N, Smith GL, Hernandez D, Sivakumaran P, Millard R, Wong RCB, Pebay A, Shepherd RK, Lim SY, Owen T, Jabbour RJ, Kloc M, Kodagoda T, Denning C, Harding SE, Ramos S, Terracciano C, Gorelik J, Wei K, Bushway P, Ruiz-Lozano P, Mercola M, Moerkamp AT, Vegh AMD, Dronkers E, Lodder K, Van Herwaarden T, Goumans MJ, Pellet-Many C, Zachary I, Noack K, Bosio A, Feyen DAM, Demkes EJ, Dierickx PJ, Doevendans PA, Vos MA, Van Veen AAB, Van Laake LW, Fernandez Santos ME, Suarez Sancho S, Fuentes Arroyo L, Plasencia Martin V, Velasco Sevillano P, Casado Plasencia A, Climent AM, Guillem M, Atienza Fernandez F, Fernandez-Aviles F, Dingenouts CKE, Lodder K, Kruithof BPT, Van Herwaarden T, Vegh AMD, Goumans MJ, Smits AM, Knezl V, Szeiffova Bacova B, Egan Benova T, Viczenczova C, Goncalvesova E, Slezak J, Calderon-Sanchez E, Diaz I, Ordonez A, Salikova SP, Zaccagnini G, Voellenkle C, Sadeghi I, Maimone B, Castelvecchio S, Gaetano C, Menicanti L, Martelli F, Hatcher C, D'aurizio R, Groth M, Baugmart M, Mercatanti A, Russo F, Mariani L, Magliaro C, Pitto L, Lozano-Velasco E, Jodar-Garcia A, Galiano-Torres J, Lopez-Navarrete I, Aranega A, Wagensteen R, Quesada A, Aranega A, Franco D, Finger S, Karbach S, Kossmann S, Muenzel T, Wenzel P, Keck M, Mougenot N, Favier S, Fuand A, Atassi F, Barbier C, Lompre AM, Hulot JS, Nikonova Y, Pluteanu F, Kockskaemper J, Chilukoti RK, Wolke C, Lendeckel U, Gardemann A, Goette A, Miteva K, Pappritz K, Mueller I, El-Shafeey M, Ringe J, Tschoepe C, Pappritz K, El-Shafeey M, Ringe J, Tschoepe C, Van Linthout S, Koller L, Richter B, Blum S, Koprak M, Huelsmann M, Pacher R, Goliasch G, Wojta J, Niessner A, Van Herck PL, Claeys MJ, Haine SE, Lenders GD, Miljoen HP, Segers VF, Vandendriescche TR, Hoymans VY, Vrints CJ, Lapikova-Bryhinska T, Gurianova V, Portnichenko H, Vasylenko M, Zapara Y, Portnichenko V, Liccardo D, Lymperopoulos A, Santangelo M, Leosco D, Koch WJ, Ferrara N, Rengo G, Alieva T, Rasulova Z, Masharipova D, Dorofeyeva NA, Drachuk KO, Sicard P, Yucel Y, Dutaur M, Vindis C, Parini A, Mialet-Perez J, Van Deel ED, De Boer M, De Waard MC, Duncker DJ, Nagel F, Inci M, Santer D, Hallstroem S, Podesser BK, Kararigas G, De Boer M, Kietadisorn R, Swinnen M, Duimel H, Verheyen F, Chrifi I, Brandt MM, Cheng C, Janssens S, Moens AL, Duncker DJ, Batlle M, Dantas AP, Sanz M, Sitges M, Mont L, Guasch E, Lobysheva I, Beauloye C, Balligand JL, Vanhoutte PM, Tang EHC, Beaumont J, Lopez B, Ravassa S, Hermida N, Valencia F, Gomez-Doblas JJ, San Jose G, De Teresa E, Diez J, Van De Merbel AF, Kruithof-De Julio M, Goumans MJ, Claus P, Dries E, Angelo Singh A, Vermeulen K, Roderick HL, Sipido KR, Driesen RB, Ilchenko I, Bobronnikova L, Myasoedova V, Alamanni F, Tremoli E, Poggio P, Becher PM, Gotzhein F, Klingel K, Blankenberg S, Westermann D, Zi M, Cartwright E, Campostrini G, Bonzanni M, Milanesi R, Bucchi A, Baruscotti M, Difrancesco D, Barbuti A, Fantini M, Wilders R, Severi S, Benzoni P, Dell' Era P, Serzanti M, Olesen MS, Muneretto C, Bisleri G, Difrancesco D, Baruscotti M, Bucchi A, Barbuti A, Amoros-Figueras G, Raga S, Campos B, Alonso-Martin C, Rodriguez-Font E, Vinolas X, Cinca J, Guerra JM, Mengarelli I, Schumacher CA, Veldkamp MW, Verkerk AO, Remme CA, Veerman C, Guan K, Stauske M, Tan H, Barc J, Wilde A, Verkerk A, Bezzina C, Tsinlikov I, Tsinlikova I, Nicoloff G, Blazhev A, Garev A, Andrienko AV, Lychev VG, Vorobova EN, Anchugina DA, Vion AC, Hammoutene A, Poisson J, Dupont N, Souyri M, Tedgui A, Codogno P, Boulanger CM, Rautou PE, Dantas AP, Batlle M, Guasch E, Torres M, Montserrat JM, Almendros I, Mont L, Austin CA, Holt CM, Rijs K, Wezel A, Hamming JF, Kolodgie FD, Virmani R, Schaapherder AF, Lindeman JHN, Posma JJN, Van Oerle R, Spronk HMH, Ten Cate H, Dinkla S, Kaski JC, Schober A, Chaabane C, Ambartsumian N, Grigorian M, Bochaton-Piallat ML, Dragan E, Andrei E, Niculescu L, Georgescu A, Gonzalez-Calero L, Maroto AS, Martinez PJ, Heredero A, Aldamiz-Echevarria G, Vivanco F, Alvarez-Llamas G, Meens MJ, Pelli G, Foglia B, Scemes E, Kwak BR, Caldwell JL, Eisner DA, Dibb KM, Trafford AW, Chilton L, Smith GL, Nicklin SA, Coppini R, Ferrantini C, Yan P, Loew LM, Poggesi C, Cerbai E, Pavone FS, Sacconi L, Tanaka H, Ishibashi-Ueda H, Takamatsu T, Coppini R, Ferrantini C, Gentile F, Pioner JM, Santini L, Sartiani L, Bargelli V, Poggesi C, Mugelli A, Cerbai E, Maciejewska M, Bolton EL, Wang Y, O'brien F, Ruas M, Lei M, Sitsapesan R, Galione A, Terrar DA, Smith JG, Garcia D, Barriales-Villa R, Monserrat L, Harding SE, Denning C, Marston SB, Watson S, Tkach S, Faggian G, Terracciano CM, Perbellini F, Eiros Zamora J, Papadaki M, Messer A, Marston S, Gould I, Johnston A, Dunne M, Smith G, Kemi OJ, Pillai M, Davidson SM, Yellon DM, Tratsiakovich Y, Jang J, Gonon AT, Pernow J, Matoba T, Koga J, Egashira K, Burke N, Davidson SM, Yellon DM, Korpisalo P, Hakkarainen H, Laidinen S, Yla-Herttuala S, Ferrer-Curriu G, Perez M, Permanyer E, Blasco-Lucas A, Gracia JM, Castro MA, Barquinero J, Galinanes M, Kostina D, Kostareva A, Malashicheva A, Merino D, Ruiz L, Gomez J, Juarez C, Gil A, Garcia R, Hurle MA, Coppini R, Pioner JM, Gentile F, Mazzoni L, Rossi A, Tesi C, Belardinelli L, Olivotto I, Cerbai E, Mugelli A, Poggesi C, Eun-Ji EJ, Lim BK, Choi DJ, Milano G, Bertolotti M, De Marchis F, Zollo F, Sommariva E, Capogrossi MC, Pompilio G, Bianchi ME, Raucci A, Pioner JM, Coppini R, Scellini B, Tardiff J, Tesi C, Poggesi C, Ferrantini C, Mazzoni L, Sartiani L, Coppini R, Diolaiuti L, Ferrari P, Cerbai E, Mugelli A, Mansfield C, Luther P, Knoell R, Villalba M, Sanchez-Cabo F, Lopez-Olaneta MM, Ortiz-Sanchez P, Garcia-Pavia P, Lara-Pezzi E, Klauke B, Gerdes D, Schulz U, Gummert J, Milting H, Wake E, Kocsis-Fodor G, Brack KE, Ng GA, Kostareva A, Smolina N, Majchrzak M, Moehner D, Wies A, Milting H, Stehle R, Pfitzer G, Muegge A, Jaquet K, Maggiorani D, Lefevre L, Dutaur M, Mialet-Perez J, Parini A, Cussac D, Douin-Echinard V, Ebenbauer B, Kaun C, Prager M, Wojta J, Rega-Kaun G, Costa G, Onetti Y, Jimenez-Altayo F, Vila E, Dantas AP, Milano G, Bertolotti M, Scopece A, Piacentini L, Bianchi ME, Capogrossi MC, Pompilio G, Colombo G, Raucci A, Blaz M, Kapelak B, Sanak M, Bauce B, Calore C, Lorenzon A, Calore M, Poloni G, Mazzotti E, Rigato I, Daliento L, Basso C, Thiene G, Melacini P, Corrado D, Rampazzo A, Danilenko NG, Vaikhanskaya TG, Davydenko OG, Szeiffova Bacova B, Kura B, Egan Benova T, Yin CH, Kukreja R, Slezak J, Tribulova N, Lee DI, Sorge M, Glabe C, Paolocci N, Guarnieri C, Tomaselli GF, Kass DA, Van Eyk JE, Agnetti G, Cordwell SJ, White MY, Wojakowski W, Lynch M, Barallobre-Barreiro J, Yin X, Mayr U, White S, Jahingiri M, Hill J, Mayr M, Sorriento D, Ciccarelli M, Fiordelisi A, Campiglia P, Trimarco B, Iaccarino G, Sitar Taut AV, Schiau S, Orasan O, Halloumi W, Negrean V, Zdrenghea D, Pop D, Van Der Meer RW, Rijzewijk LJ, Smit JWA, Revuelta-Lopez E, Nasarre L, Escola-Gil JC, Lamb HJ, Llorente-Cortes V, Pellegrino M, Massaro M, Carluccio MA, Calabriso N, Wabitsch M, Storelli C, De Caterina R, Church SJ, Callagy S, Begley P, Kureishy N, Mcharg S, Bishop PN, Unwin RD, Cooper GJS, Mawad D, Perbellini F, Tonkin J, Bello SO, Simonotto JD, Lyon AR, Stevens MM, Terracciano CM, Harding SE, Kernbach M, Czichowski V, Bosio A, Fuentes L, Hernandez-Redondo I, Guillem MS, Fernandez ME, Sanz R, Atienza F, Climent AM, Fernandez-Aviles F, Soler-Botija C, Prat-Vidal C, Galvez-Monton C, Roura S, Perea-Gil I, Bragos R, Bayes-Genis A. Poster session 1Cell growth, differentiation and stem cells - Heart72Understanding the metabolism of cardiac progenitor cells: a first step towards controlling their proliferation and differentiation?73Expression of pw1/peg3 identifies a new cardiac adult stem cell population involved in post-myocardial infarction remodeling74Long-term stimulation of iPS-derived cardiomyocytes using optogenetic techniques to promote phenotypic changes in E-C coupling75Benefits of electrical stimulation on differentiation and maturation of cardiomyocytes from human induced pluripotent stem cells76Constitutive beta-adrenoceptor-mediated cAMP production controls spontaneous automaticity of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes77Formation and stability of T-tubules in cardiomyocytes78Identification of miRNAs promoting human cardiomyocyte proliferation by regulating Hippo pathway79A direct comparison of foetal to adult epicardial cell activation reveals distinct differences relevant for the post-injury response80Role of neuropilins in zebrafish heart regeneration81Highly efficient immunomagnetic purification of cardiomyocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cells82Cardiac progenitor cells posses a molecular circadian clock and display large 24-hour oscillations in proliferation and stress tolerance83Influence of sirolimus and everolimus on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell biology84Endoglin is important for epicardial behaviour following cardiac injuryCell death and apoptosis - Heart87Ultrastructural alterations reflecting Ca2+ handling and cell-to-cell coupling disorders precede occurrence of severe arrhythmias in intact animal heart88Urocortin-1 promotes cardioprotection through ERK1/2 and EPAC pathways: role in apoptosis and necrosis89Expression p38 MAPK and Cas-3 in myocardium LV of rats with experimental heart failure at melatonin and enalapril introductionTranscriptional control and RNA species - Heart92Accumulation of beta-amyloid 1-40 in HF patients: the role of lncRNA BACE1-AS93Role of miR-182 in zebrafish and mouse models of Holt-Oram syndrome94Mir-27 distinctly regulates muscle-enriched transcription factors and growth factors in cardiac and skeletal muscle cells95AF risk factors impair PITX2 expression leading to Wnt-microRNA-ion channel remodelingCytokines and cellular inflammation - Heart98Post-infarct survival depends on the interplay of monocytes, neutrophils and interferon gamma in a mouse model of myocardial Infarction99Inflammatory cd11b/c cells play a protective role in compensated cardiac hypertrophy by promoting an orai3-related pro-survival signal100Anti-inflammatory effects of endothelin receptor blockade in the atrial tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats101Mesenchymal stromal cells reduce NLRP3 inflammasome activity in Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis102Mesenchymal stromal cells modulate monocytes trafficking in Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis103The impact of regulatory T lymphocytes on long-term mortality in patients with chronic heart failure104Temporal dynamics of dendritic cells after ST-elevation myocardial infarction relate with improvement of myocardial functionGrowth factors and neurohormones - Heart107Preconditioning of hypertrophied heart: miR-1 and IGF-1 crosstalk108Modulation of catecholamine secretion from human adrenal chromaffin cells by manipulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 activity109Evaluation of cyclic adenosin-3,5- monophosphate and neurohormones in patients with chronic heart failureNitric oxide and reactive oxygen species - Heart112Hydrogen sulfide donor inhibits oxidative and nitrosative stress, cardiohemodynamics disturbances and restores cNOS coupling in old rats113Role and mechanisms of action of aldehydes produced by monoamine oxidase A in cardiomyocyte death and heart failure114Exercise training has contrasting effects in myocardial infarction and pressure-overload due to different endothelial nitric oxide synthase regulation115S-Nitroso Human Serum Albumin dose-dependently leads to vasodilation and alters reactive hyperaemia in coronary arteries of an isolated mouse heart model116Modulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase with folic acid attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy119Effects of long-term very high intensity exercise on aortic structure and function in an animal model120Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy quantification of nitrosylated hemoglobin (HbNO) as an index of vascular nitric oxide bioavailability in vivo121Deletion of repressor activator protein 1 impairs acetylcholine-induced relaxation due to production of reactive oxygen speciesExtracellular matrix and fibrosis - Heart124MicroRNA-19b is associated with myocardial collagen cross-linking in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Potential usefulness as a circulating biomarker125A new ex vivo model to study cardiac fibrosis126Heterogeneity of fibrosis and fibroblast differentiation in the left ventricle after myocardial infarction127Effect of carbohydrate metabolism degree compensation to the level of galectin-3 changes in hypertensive patients with chronic heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus128Statin paradox in association with calcification of bicuspid aortic valve interstitial cells129Cardiac function remains impaired despite reversible cardiac fibrosis after healed experimental viral myocarditisIon channels, ion exchangers and cellular electrophysiology - Heart132Identifying a novel role for PMCA1 (Atp2b1) in heart rhythm instability133Mutations of the caveolin-3 gene as a predisposing factor for cardiac arrhythmias134The human sinoatrial node action potential: time for a computational model135iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes as a model to dissect ion current alterations of genetic atrial fibrillation136Postextrasystolic potentiation in healthy and diseased hearts: effects of the site of origin and coupling interval of the preceding extrasystole137Absence of Nav1.8-based (late) sodium current in rabbit cardiomyocytes and human iPSC-CMs138hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes from Brugada Syndrome patients without identified mutations do not exhibit cellular electrophysiological abnormalitiesMicrocirculation141Atherogenic indices, collagen type IV turnover and the development of microvascular complications- study in diabetics with arterial hypertension142Changes in the microvasculature and blood viscosity in women with rheumatoid arthritis, hypercholesterolemia and hypertensionAtherosclerosis145Shear stress regulates endothelial autophagy: consequences on endothelial senescence and atherogenesis146Obstructive sleep apnea causes aortic remodeling in a chronic murine model147Aortic perivascular adipose tissue displays an aged phenotype in early and late atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice148A systematic evaluation of the cellular innate immune response during the process of human atherosclerosis149Inhibition of Coagulation factor Xa increases plaque stability and attenuates the onset and progression of atherosclerotic plaque in apolipoprotein e-deficient mice150Regulatory CD4+ T cells from patients with atherosclerosis display pro-inflammatory skewing and enhanced suppression function151Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha regulates macrophage energy metabolism by mediating miRNAs152Extracellular S100A4 is a key player of smooth muscle cell phenotypic transition: implications in atherosclerosis153Microparticles of healthy origins improve atherosclerosis-associated endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction via microRNA transfer154Arterial remodeling and metabolism impairment in early atherosclerosis155Role of pannexin1 in atherosclerotic plaque formationCalcium fluxes and excitation-contraction coupling158Amphiphysin II induces tubule formation in cardiac cells159Interleukin 1 beta regulation of connexin 43 in cardiac fibroblasts and the effects of adult cardiac myocyte:fibroblast co-culture on myocyte contraction160T-tubular electrical defects contribute to blunted beta-adrenergic response in heart failure161Beat-to-beat variability of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics of Purkinje cells in the infarct border zone of the mouse heart revealed by rapid-scanning confocal microscopy162The efficacy of late sodium current blockers in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is dependent on genotype: a study on transgenic mouse models with different mutations163Synthesis of cADPR and NAADP by intracellular CD38 in heart: role in inotropic and arrhythmogenic effects of beta-adrenoceptor signalingContractile apparatus166Towards an engineered heart tissue model of HCM using hiPSC expressing the ACTC E99K mutation167Diastolic mechanical load delays structural and functional deterioration of ultrathin adult heart slices in culture168Structural investigation of the cardiac troponin complex by molecular dynamics169Exercise training restores myocardial and oxidative skeletal muscle function from myocardial infarction heart failure ratsOxygen sensing, ischaemia and reperfusion172A novel antibody specific to full-length stromal derived factor-1 alpha reveals that remote conditioning induces its cleavage by endothelial dipeptidyl peptidase 4173Attenuation of myocardial and vascular arginase activity by vagal nerve stimulation via a mechanism involving alpha-7 nicotinic receptor during cardiac ischemia and reperfusion174Novel nanoparticle-mediated medicine for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury simultaneously targeting mitochondrial injury and myocardial inflammation175Acetylcholine plays a key role in myocardial ischaemic preconditioning via recruitment of intrinsic cardiac ganglia176The role of nitric oxide and VEGFR-2 signaling in post ischemic revascularization and muscle recovery in aged hypercholesterolemic mice177Efficacy of ischemic preconditioning to protect the human myocardium: the role of clinical conditions and treatmentsCardiomyopathies and fibrosis180Plakophilin-2 haploinsufficiency leads to impaired canonical Wnt signaling in ARVC patient181Improved technique for customized, easier, safer and more reliable transverse aortic arch banding and debanding in mice as a model of pressure overload hypertrophy182Late sodium current inhibitors for the treatment of inducible obstruction and diastolic dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a study on human myocardium183Angiotensin II receptor antagonist fimasartan has protective role of left ventricular fibrosis and remodeling in the rat ischemic heart184Role of High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) redox state on cardiac fibroblasts activities and heart function after myocardial infarction185Atrial remodeling in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: insights from mouse models carrying different mutations in cTnT186Electrophysiological abnormalities in ventricular cardiomyocytes from a Maine Coon cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: effects of ranolazine187ZBTB17 is a novel cardiomyopathy candidate gene and regulates autophagy in the heart188Inhibition of SRSF4 in cardiomyocytes induces left ventricular hypertrophy189Molecular characterization of a novel cardiomyopathy related desmin frame shift mutation190Autonomic characterisation of electro-mechanical remodeling in an in-vitro leporine model of heart failure191Modulation of Ca2+-regulatory function by three novel mutations in TNNI3 associated with severe infant restrictive cardiomyopathyAging194The aging impact on cardiac mesenchymal like stromal cells (S+P+)195Reversal of premature aging markers after bariatric surgery196Sex-associated differences in vascular remodeling during aging: role of renin-angiotensin system197Role of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) in age dependent left ventricle dysfunctionsGenetics and epigenetics200hsa-miR-21-5p as a key factor in aortic remodeling during aneurysm formation201Co-inheritance of mutations associated with arrhythmogenic and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in two Italian families202Lamin a/c hot spot codon 190: form various amino acid substitutions to clinical effects203Treatment with aspirin and atorvastatin attenuate cardiac injury induced by rat chest irradiation: Implication of myocardial miR-1, miR-21, connexin-43 and PKCGenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and glycomics206Differential phosphorylation of desmin at serines 27 and 31 drives the accumulation of preamyloid oligomers in heart failure207Potential role of kinase Akt2 in the reduced recovery of type 2 diabetic hearts subjected to ischemia / reperfusion injury208A proteomics comparison of extracellular matrix remodelling in porcine coronary arteries upon stent implantationMetabolism, diabetes mellitus and obesity211Targeting grk2 as therapeutic strategy for cancer associated to diabetes212Effects of salbutamol on large arterial stiffness in patients with metabolic syndrome213Circulating microRNA-1 and microRNA-133a: potential biomarkers of myocardial steatosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus214Anti-inflammatory nutrigenomic effects of hydroxytyrosol in human adipocytes - protective mechanisms of mediterranean diets in obesity-related inflammation215Alterations in the metal content of different cardiac regions within a rat model of diabetic cardiomyopathyTissue engineering218A novel conductive patch for application in cardiac tissue engineering219Establishment of a simplified and improved workflow from neonatal heart dissociation to cardiomyocyte purification and characterization220Effects of flexible substrate on cardiomyocytes cell culture221Mechanical stretching on cardiac adipose progenitors upregulates sarcomere-related genes. Cardiovasc Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Lozano-Velasco E, Hernández-Torres F, Daimi H, Serra SA, Herraiz A, Hove-Madsen L, Aránega A, Franco D. Pitx2 impairs calcium handling in a dose-dependent manner by modulating Wnt signalling. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 109:55-66. [PMID: 26243430 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of arrhythmia in humans, yet the genetic cause of AF remains elusive. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have reported risk variants in four distinct genetic loci, and more recently, a meta-GWAS has further implicated six new loci in AF. However, the functional role of these AF GWAS-related genes in AF and their inter-relationship remain elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS To get further insights into the molecular mechanisms driven by Pitx2, calcium handling and novel AF GWAS-associated gene expression were analysed in two distinct Pitx2 loss-of-function models with distinct basal electrophysiological defects; a novel Pitx2 conditional mouse line, Sox2CrePitx2, and our previously reported atrial-specific NppaCrePitx2 line. Molecular analyses of the left atrial appendage in NppaCrePitx2(+/-) and NppaCrePitx2(-/-) adult mice demonstrate that AF GWAS-associated genes such as Zfhx3, Kcnn3, and Wnt8a are severely impaired but not Cav1, Synpo2l, nor Prrx1. In addition, multiple calcium-handling genes such as Atp2a2, Casq2, and Plb are severely altered in atrial-specific NppaCrePitx2 mice in a dose-dependent manner. Functional assessment of calcium homeostasis further underscores these findings. In addition, multiple AF-related microRNAs are also impaired. In vitro over-expression of Wnt8, but not Zfhx3, impairs calcium handling and modulates microRNA expression signature identified in Pitx2 loss-of-function models. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate a dose-dependent relation between Pitx2 expression and the expression of AF susceptibility genes, calcium handling, and microRNAs and identify a complex regulatory network orchestrated by Pitx2 with large impact on atrial arrhythmogenesis susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | - Houria Daimi
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Selma A Serra
- Cardiac Rhythm and Contraction Group, Cardiovascular Research Centre CSIC-ICCC and IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adela Herraiz
- Cardiac Rhythm and Contraction Group, Cardiovascular Research Centre CSIC-ICCC and IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Cardiac Rhythm and Contraction Group, Cardiovascular Research Centre CSIC-ICCC and IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amelia Aránega
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Lozano-Velasco E, Vallejo D, Esteban FJ, Doherty C, Hernández-Torres F, Franco D, Aránega AE. A Pitx2-MicroRNA Pathway Modulates Cell Proliferation in Myoblasts and Skeletal-Muscle Satellite Cells and Promotes Their Commitment to a Myogenic Cell Fate. Mol Cell Biol 2015; 35:2892-909. [PMID: 26055324 PMCID: PMC4525317 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00536-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of a proliferating-cell status from a quiescent state as well as the shift between proliferation and differentiation are key developmental steps in skeletal-muscle stem cells (satellite cells) to provide proper muscle regeneration. However, how satellite cell proliferation is regulated is not fully understood. Here, we report that the c-isoform of the transcription factor Pitx2 increases cell proliferation in myoblasts by downregulating microRNA 15b (miR-15b), miR-23b, miR-106b, and miR-503. This Pitx2c-microRNA (miRNA) pathway also regulates cell proliferation in early-activated satellite cells, enhancing Myf5(+) satellite cells and thereby promoting their commitment to a myogenic cell fate. This study reveals unknown functions of several miRNAs in myoblast and satellite cell behavior and thus may have future applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Daniel Vallejo
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco J Esteban
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Chris Doherty
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco Hernández-Torres
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Amelia Eva Aránega
- Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Torrado M, Franco D, Lozano-Velasco E, Hernández-Torres F, Calviño R, Aldama G, Centeno A, Castro-Beiras A, Mikhailov A. A MicroRNA-Transcription Factor Blueprint for Early Atrial Arrhythmogenic Remodeling. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015:263151. [PMID: 26221584 PMCID: PMC4499376 DOI: 10.1155/2015/263151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous self-terminating atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common heart rhythm disorders, yet the regulatory molecular mechanisms underlying this syndrome are rather unclear. MicroRNA (miRNA) transcriptome and expression of candidate transcription factors (TFs) with potential roles in arrhythmogenesis, such as Pitx2, Tbx5, and myocardin (Myocd), were analyzed by microarray, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting in left atrial (LA) samples from pigs with transitory AF established by right atrial tachypacing. Induced ectopic tachyarrhythmia caused rapid and substantial miRNA remodeling associated with a marked downregulation of Pitx2, Tbx5, and Myocd expression in atrial myocardium. The downregulation of Pitx2, Tbx5, and Myocd was inversely correlated with upregulation of the corresponding targeting miRNAs (miR-21, miR-10a/10b, and miR-1, resp.) in the LA of paced animals. Through in vitro transient transfections of HL-1 atrial myocytes, we further showed that upregulation of miR-21 did result in downregulation of Pitx2 in cardiomyocyte background. The results suggest that immediate-early miRNA remodeling coupled with deregulation of TF expression underlies the onset of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Torrado
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of La Coruña, 15006 La Coruña, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | | | - Ramón Calviño
- University Hospital Center of La Coruña, La Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Alexander Mikhailov
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of La Coruña, 15006 La Coruña, Spain
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Lozano-Velasco E, Hernandez-Torres F, Daimi H, Vazquez Ruiz De Castroviejo E, Lozano C, Aranega Jimenez A, Franco Jaime D. P575Functional characterization of novel PITX2 homeodomain mutations in AF patients. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu098.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Serra S, Herraiz A, Tarifa C, Benitez R, Lozano-Velasco E, Aranega A, Franco D, Hove-Madsen L. P631Heterozygous deletion of pitx2 function selectively promotes spontaneous action potentials in mouse right atrial myocytes. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu098.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lozano-Velasco E, Hernandez-Torres F, Hove-Madsen L, Cinca J, Aranega-Jimenez A, Franco-Jaime D. P580Dose dependent Pitx2 loss of function impairs Zfhx3, Wnt8a and calcium handling; novel links to atrial arrhythmogenesis. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu098.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lozano-Velasco E, Contreras A, Crist C, Hernández-Torres F, Franco D, Aránega AE. Pitx2c modulates Pax3+/Pax7+ cell populations and regulates Pax3 expression by repressing miR27 expression during myogenesis. Dev Biol 2011; 357:165-78. [PMID: 21749861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pitx2 is a paired-related homeobox gene that is expressed in muscle progenitors during myogenesis. We have previously demonstrated that overexpression of Pitx2c isoform in myoblasts maintained these cells with a high proliferative capacity and completely blocked terminal differentiation by inducing high Pax3 expression levels (Martinez et al., 2006). We now report that Pitx2c-mediated proliferation vs. differentiation effect is maintained during in vivo myogenesis. In vivo Pitx2c loss of function leads to a decrease in Pax3+/Pax7- cell population in the embryo accompanied by an increase of Pax3+/Pax7+ cells. Pitx2c transient-transfection experiments further supported the notion that Pitx2c can modulate Pax3/Pax7 expression. Pitx2c but not Pitx3 controls Pax3/Pax7 expression, although redundant roles are elicited at the terminal myoblast differentiation. Contrary to Pitx2c, Pitx3 does not regulate cell proliferation or Pax3 expression, demonstrating the specificity of Pitx2c mediating these actions in myoblasts. Furthermore we demonstrated that Pitx2c modulates Pax3 by repressing miR27 expression and that Pax3-miR-27 modulation mediated by Pitx2c is independent of Pitx2c effects on cell proliferation. Therefore, this study sheds light on previously unknown function of Pitx2c balancing the different myogenic progenitor populations during myogenesis.
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Chinchilla A, Daimi H, Lozano-Velasco E, Dominguez JN, Caballero R, Delpón E, Tamargo J, Cinca J, Hove-Madsen L, Aranega AE, Franco D. PITX2 insufficiency leads to atrial electrical and structural remodeling linked to arrhythmogenesis. Circ Cardiovasc Genet 2011; 4:269-79. [PMID: 21511879 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.110.958116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pitx2 is a homeobox transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in early left/right determination during embryonic development. Pitx2 loss-of-function mouse mutants display early embryonic lethality with severe cardiac malformations, demonstrating the importance of Pitx2 during cardiogenesis. Recently, independent genome-wide association studies have provided new evidence for a putative role of PITX2 in the adult heart. These studies have independently reported several risk variants close to the PITX2 locus on chromosome 4q25 that are strongly associated with atrial fibrillation in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS We show for the first time that PITX2C expression is significantly decreased in human patients with sustained atrial fibrillation, thus providing a molecular link between PITX2 loss of function and atrial fibrillation. In addition, morphological, molecular, and electrophysiological characterization of chamber-specific Pitx2 conditional mouse mutants reveals that atrial but not ventricular chamber-specific deletion of Pitx2 results in differences in the action potential amplitude and resting membrane potential in the adult heart as well as ECG characteristics of atrioventricular block. Lack of Pitx2 in atrial myocardium impairs sodium channel and potassium channel expression, mediated in part by miRNA misexpression. CONCLUSIONS This study thus identifies Pitx2 as an upstream transcriptional regulator of atrial electric function, the insufficiency of which results in cellular and molecular changes leading to atrial electric and structural remodeling linked to arrhythmogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Chinchilla
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Lozano-Velasco E, Chinchilla A, Martínez-Fernández S, Hernández-Torres F, Navarro F, Lyons GE, Franco D, Aránega AE. Pitx2c modulates cardiac-specific transcription factors networks in differentiating cardiomyocytes from murine embryonic stem cells. Cells Tissues Organs 2011; 194:349-62. [PMID: 21389672 DOI: 10.1159/000323533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The knowledge of the molecular signals that control cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes is critical to apply cell-based therapies and repair an injured heart. The transcription factor Pitx2 has essential roles in the development of different organs including the heart. Although a direct role of Pitx2 in the developing myocardium has recently been reported, the molecular pathways driven by Pitx2 as well as its cardiac target genes remain largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to unravel the molecular mechanisms driven by Pitx2 during the process of cardiomyocyte differentiation in vitro in mouse embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS Pitx2c was overexpressed in the R1-embryonic stem cell line. mRNA levels and protein distribution of several specific cardiac genes were analyzed by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry experiments in R1-embryonic stem cell-derived beating areas at different stages of in vitro differentiation. Our results show that overexpression of Pitx2c in embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes is able to dynamically upregulate several cardiac-enriched transcription factors such as Isl1, Mef2c and Gata4. Additionally, Pitx2c induces the expression of chamber-specific cardiac genes such as Tbx5, Nppa and Cx40. These data were validated in an in vivo model of Pitx2 loss of function. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results demonstrate that Pitx2 plays a major role reinforcing the transcriptional program of cardiac differentiation.
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