1
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wen A, Zhu Y, Geng Y, Qin L. Physiological response of chestnuts ( Castanea mollissima Blume) infected by pathogenic fungi and their correlation with fruit decay. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101450. [PMID: 38779498 PMCID: PMC11108979 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The postharvest decay of chestnuts (Castanea mollissima Blume) limits their industrial utilization, and pathogenic fungi are the main cause for chestnut decay. In this study, the physiological changes and their correlation with the rotting degree of chestnuts were investigated during single or mixed infection by Fusarium proliferatum, Penicillium crustosum, and Alternaria alternata. During the infection period, the activities of cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) and antioxidant enzymes firstly increased and then decreased, the contents of nutrients decreased, but the levels of physiological indexes increased. The mycelium and spores of pathogenic fungi colonized the intercellular space, and then the mycelium covered the entire tissue surface of chestnuts, leading to the disappearance of cell structure. Notably, the most prominent changes in physiological indexes and ultrastructure were observed in chestnuts infected with three pathogenic fungi. Furthermore, the rotting degree of chestnuts was positively correlated with the levels of CWDEs, antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyan wen
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yiyi Zhu
- Zhijin County Market and Quality Supervision Administration, Zhijin, 552100, China
| | | | - Likang Qin
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Medicine and Food, Guiyang 550025, China
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2
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Olaniyi OO, Ajulo AS, Lawal OT, Olatunji VK. Engineered Alcaligenes sp. by chemical mutagen produces thermostable and acido-alkalophilic endo-1,4-β-mannanases for improved industrial biocatalyst. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 53:1120-1136. [PMID: 36752611 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2172038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
This study reported physicochemical properties of purified endo-1,4-β-mannanase from the wild type, Alcaligenes sp. and its most promising chemical mutant. The crude enzymes from fermentation of wild and mutant bacteria were purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange and gel-filtration chromatography followed by an investigation of the physicochemical properties of purified wild and mutant enzymes. β-mannanase from wild and mutant Alcaligenes sp. exhibited 1.75 and 1.6 purification-folds with percentage recoveries of 2.6 and 2.5% and molecular weights of 61.6 and 80 kDa respectively. The wild and mutant β-mannanase were most active at 40 and 50 °C with optimum pH 6.0 for both and were thermostable with very high percentage activity but the wild-type β-mannanase showed better stability over a broad pH activity. The β-mannanase activity from the parent strain was stimulated in the presence of Mn2+, Co2+, Zn2+, Mg2+ and Na+. Vmax and Km for the wild type and its mutant were found to be 0.747 U//mL/min and 5.2 × 10-4 mg/mL, and 0.247 U/mL/min and 2.47 × 10-4 mg/mL, respectively. Changes that occurred in the nucleotide sequences of the most improved mutant may be attributed to its thermo-stability, thermo-tolerant and high substrate affinity- desired properties for improved bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olusola Tosin Lawal
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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3
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Djelid H, Flahaut S, Oudjama Y, Wauven CV, Kacem Chaouche N. High NaCl concentrations induce the resistance to thermal denaturation of an extremely halotolerant (salt-activated) β-mannanase from Bacillus velezensis H1. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:304. [PMID: 37691038 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
β-mannanase catalyzes the hydrolysis of mannans β-1,4-mannosidic linkages to produce industrially relevant oligosaccharides. These enzymes have numerous important applications in the detergent, food, and feed industries, particularly those that are resistant to harsh environmental conditions such as salts and heat. While, moderately salt-tolerant β-mannanases are already reported, existence of a high halotolerant β-mannanase is still elusive. This study aims to report the first purification and characterization of ManH1, an extremely halotolerant β-mannanase from the halotolerant B. velezensis strain H1. Electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF-MS) analysis revealed a single major peak with a molecular mass of 37.8 kDa demonstrating its purity. The purified enzyme showed a good thermostability as no activity was lost after a 48 h incubation under optimal conditions of 50 °C and pH 5.5. The enzyme's salt activation nature was revealed when its maximum activity was obtained in the presence of 4 M NaCl, it doubled compared to the no-salt condition. Moreover, NaCl strengthens its resistance to thermal denaturation, as its melting temperature (Tm) increased steadily with increasing NaCl concentrations reaching 75.5 °C in the presence of 2.5 M NaCl. The Km and Vmax values were 5.63 mg/mL and 333.33 µmol/min/mL, respectively, using carob galactomannan (CG) as a substrate. The enzyme showed a significant ability to produce manno-oligosaccharides (MOS) from lignocellulosic biomass releasing 13 mg/mL of reducing sugars from olive mill wastes (OMW) after 24 h incubation. The results revealed that this enzyme may have significant commercial values for agro-waste treatment, and other potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadjer Djelid
- Laboratoire de Mycologie, de Biotechnologie et de l'Activité Microbienne (LaMyBAM), Département de Biologie Appliquée, FSNV, Université des Frères Mentouri, Constantine 1, Constantine, 25017, Algeria.
- Laboratoire de microbiologie appliquée, Ecole interfacultaire de Bioingénieurs, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus du CERIA, Bât. 4B, 1 avenue Emile Gryson, Brussels, 1070, Belgium.
| | - Sigrid Flahaut
- Laboratoire de microbiologie appliquée, Ecole interfacultaire de Bioingénieurs, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus du CERIA, Bât. 4B, 1 avenue Emile Gryson, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | | | | | - Noreddine Kacem Chaouche
- Laboratoire de Mycologie, de Biotechnologie et de l'Activité Microbienne (LaMyBAM), Département de Biologie Appliquée, FSNV, Université des Frères Mentouri, Constantine 1, Constantine, 25017, Algeria
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4
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Sathitkowitchai W, Sathapondecha P, Angthong P, Srimarut Y, Malila Y, Nakkongkam W, Chaiyapechara S, Karoonuthaisiri N, Keawsompong S, Rungrassamee W. Isolation and Characterization of Mannanase-Producing Bacteria for Potential Synbiotic Application in Shrimp Farming. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12192583. [PMID: 36230324 PMCID: PMC9558954 DOI: 10.3390/ani12192583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics such as mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) are a promising approach to improve performance and disease resistance in shrimp. To improve prebiotic utilization, we investigated the potential probiotics and their feasibility of synbiotic use in vitro. Two bacterial isolates, Man26 and Man122, were isolated from shrimp intestines and screened for mannanase, the enzyme for mannan digestion. The crude mannanase from both isolates showed optimal activities at pH 8 with optimum temperatures at 60 °C and 50 °C, respectively. The enzymes remained stable at pH 8−10 for 3 h (>70% relative activity). The thermostability range of Man26 was 20−40 °C for 20 min (>50%), while that of Man122 was 20−60 °C for 30 min (>50%). The Vmax of Man122 against locust bean gum substrate was 41.15 ± 12.33 U·mg−1, six times higher than that of Man26. The Km of Man26 and Man122 were 18.92 ± 4.36 mg·mL−1 and 34.53 ± 14.46 mg·mL−1, respectively. With the addition of crude enzymes, reducing sugars of copra meal, palm kernel cake, and soybean meal were significantly increased (p < 0.05), as well as protein release. The results suggest that Man26 and Man122 could potentially be used in animal feeds and synbiotically with copra meal to improve absorption and utilization of feedstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Witida Sathitkowitchai
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Ponsit Sathapondecha
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics Research, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Pacharaporn Angthong
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Yanee Srimarut
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Yuwares Malila
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Wuttichai Nakkongkam
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sage Chaiyapechara
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Nitsara Karoonuthaisiri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Biological Sciences Building, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Suttipun Keawsompong
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Wanilada Rungrassamee
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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5
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Ibrahim SNMM, Bankeeree W, Prasongsuk S, Punnapayak H, Lotrakul P. Production and characterization of thermostable acidophilic β-mannanase from Aureobasidium pullulans NRRL 58524 and its potential in mannooligosaccharide production from spent coffee ground galactomannan. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:237. [PMID: 36003897 PMCID: PMC9393121 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The maximum yield of the crude mannanase from Aureobasidium pullulans NRRL 58524 was 8.42 ± 0.18 U mL-1 when cultured for 72 h in the optimized medium containing 3% (w v-1) defatted spent coffee grounds (SCG) and 0.67% (w v-1) ammonium sulphate. Two forms of mannanase were observed in the crude enzyme and the principal mannanase was enriched to apparent homogeneity via sequential filtration and anion exchange chromatography. The molecular mass of the enzyme was approximately 63 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. The enriched mannanase was active at high temperatures (45-75 °C) and a pH range from 3 to 6 with the maximum activity at 55 °C and pH 4.0. The enzyme was relatively thermostable with more than 75% of its initial activity remained after a 12 h incubation at 55 °C. The half-lives of the enriched mannanase were over 8 and 6 h at 60 and 65 °C, respectively. The enzyme was not adversely affected by chelator and most ions tested. This enzyme could hydrolyze both glucomannan and galactomannan and exhibited limited catalytic activity on beta-glucan. When the crude mannanase was used to hydrolyze galactomannan extracted from SCG, the maximum yield of reducing sugars mainly comprising of mannobiose (16.27 ± 0.84 mg 100 mg-1), and mannotriose (2.85 ± 0.20 mg 100 mg-1) was obtained at 58.22 ± 2.04 mg 100 mg-1 dry weight, under optimized condition (84.87 U g-1 mannanase, 41 h 34 min incubation at 55 °C and pH 4.0). These results suggested the prospect of the enzyme in mannan hydrolysis and mannooligosaccharide production at a larger scale. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03301-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syahriar Nur Maulana Malik Ibrahim
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Wichanee Bankeeree
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Sehanat Prasongsuk
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115 Indonesia
| | - Hunsa Punnapayak
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115 Indonesia
| | - Pongtharin Lotrakul
- Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
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Chantorn S, Aekkawatchai N, Kasinsak K, Oontawee S. Preservation of Paenibacillus polymyxa BTK01 and Bacillus subtilis BTK07 as lignocellulolytic bacterial starters for industrial applications: Physicochemical conditions, enzyme stability, freeze-drying processes and cryoprotection. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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7
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Dawood A, Ma K. Applications of Microbial β-Mannanases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:598630. [PMID: 33384989 PMCID: PMC7770148 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.598630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mannans are main components of hemicellulosic fraction of softwoods and they are present widely in plant tissues. β-mannanases are the major mannan-degrading enzymes and are produced by different plants, animals, actinomycetes, fungi, and bacteria. These enzymes can function under conditions of wide range of pH and temperature. Applications of β-mannanases have therefore, been found in different industries such as animal feed, food, biorefinery, textile, detergent, and paper and pulp. This review summarizes the most recent studies reported on potential applications of β-mannanases and bioengineering of β-mannanases to modify and optimize their key catalytic properties to cater to growing demands of commercial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesa Dawood
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Kesen Ma
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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8
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Characterization of a thermotolerant and acidophilic mannanase producing Microbacterium sp. CIAB417 for mannooligosachharide production from agro-residues and dye decolorization. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1154-1161. [PMID: 32673718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mannanases are ubiquitous enzymes and are being explored for diverse industrial applications. In this study, a novel bacterial strain Microbacterium sp. CIAB417 was identified and characterized for extracellular production of mannanase. Microbacterium sp. CIAB417 was found to produce maximum mannanase after 36 h of incubation at 37 °C. Mannanase produced by the isolate was observed for maximum activity at optimum pH of 6 and optimum temperature of 50 °C. Crude mannanase was found to be capable of producing mannooligosachharides (MOS) by hydrolyzing hemicellulose from locust bean gum and Aloe vera. The produced MOS was characterized and found to be mixture of mannobiose to mannohexose units. Mannanase was also explored for decolorization of dyes. Bromophenol blue and coomassie blue R-250 were observed to be decolorized to the extent of 45.40 and 42.75%, respectively. Hence, the identified bacterial strain producing mannanase could be of great significance for applications in food and textile industry.
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9
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Liu Z, Ning C, Yuan M, Fu X, Yang S, Wei X, Xiao M, Mou H, Zhu C. High-efficiency expression of a superior β-mannanase engineered by cooperative substitution method in Pichia pastoris and its application in preparation of prebiotic mannooligosaccharides. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 311:123482. [PMID: 32416491 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
β-mannanase with high specific activity is a prerequisite for the industrial preparation of prebiotic mannooligosaccharides. Three mutants, namely MEI, MER, and MEIR, were constructed by cooperative substitution based on three predominant single-point site mutations (K291E, L211I, and Q112R, respectively). Heterologous expression was facilitated in Pichia pastoris and the recombinase was characterized completely. The specific activities of MER (7481.9 U mg-1) and MEIR (9003.1 U mg-1) increased by 1.07- and 1.29-fold from the initial activity of ME (6970.2U mg-1), respectively. MEIR was used for high-cell-density fermentation to further improve enzyme activity, and the expression levels achieved in the 10-L fermenter were significantly high (105,836 U mL-1). The prebiotic mannooligosaccharides (<2000 Da) were prepared by hydrolyzing konjac gum and locust bean gum with MEIR, with 100% and 76.40% hydrolysis rates, respectively. These characteristics make MEIR highly attractive for prebiotic development in food and related industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhemin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Chen Ning
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Mingxue Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Xiaodan Fu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Suxiao Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Xinyi Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Mengshi Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003 China.
| | - Changliang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003 China.
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Halotolerant Bacillus sp. for Mannan Degradation Isolated from Mangrove Ecosystem at Hanura Beach Lampung. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.2.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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11
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Mohamad Zabidi NA, Foo HL, Loh TC, Mohamad R, Abdul Rahim R. Enhancement of Versatile Extracellular Cellulolytic and Hemicellulolytic Enzyme Productions by Lactobacillus plantarum RI 11 Isolated from Malaysian Food Using Renewable Natural Polymers. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112607. [PMID: 32503356 PMCID: PMC7321320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum RI 11 was reported recently to be a potential lignocellulosic biomass degrader since it has the capability of producing versatile extracellular cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate further the effects of various renewable natural polymers on the growth and production of extracellular cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes by this novel isolate. Basal medium supplemented with molasses and yeast extract produced the highest cell biomass (log 10.51 CFU/mL) and extracellular endoglucanase (11.70 µg/min/mg), exoglucanase (9.99 µg/min/mg), β-glucosidase (10.43 nmol/min/mg), and mannanase (8.03 µg/min/mg), respectively. Subsequently, a statistical optimization approach was employed for the enhancement of cell biomass, and cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzyme productions. Basal medium that supplemented with glucose, molasses and soybean pulp (F5 medium) or with rice straw, yeast extract and soybean pulp (F6 medium) produced the highest cell population of log 11.76 CFU/mL, respectively. However, formulated F12 medium supplemented with glucose, molasses and palm kernel cake enhanced extracellular endoglucanase (4 folds), exoglucanase (2.6 folds) and mannanase (2.6 folds) specific activities significantly, indicating that the F12 medium could induce the highest production of extracellular cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes concomitantly. In conclusion, L. plantarum RI 11 is a promising and versatile bio-transformation agent for lignocellulolytic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nursyafiqah A. Mohamad Zabidi
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.M.Z.); (R.M.)
| | - Hooi Ling Foo
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.M.Z.); (R.M.)
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (H.L.F.); (T.C.L.); Tel.: +60-3-9769-7476 (H.L.F.); +60-3-97694814 (T.C.L.)
| | - Teck Chwen Loh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (H.L.F.); (T.C.L.); Tel.: +60-3-9769-7476 (H.L.F.); +60-3-97694814 (T.C.L.)
| | - Rosfarizan Mohamad
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.A.M.Z.); (R.M.)
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Raha Abdul Rahim
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Office of Vice Chancellor, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Jalan Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia
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12
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Combinatorial Biobleaching of Mixedwood Pulp with Lignolytic and Hemicellulolytic Enzymes for Paper Making. Indian J Microbiol 2020; 60:383-387. [PMID: 32647397 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-020-00867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial enzymes are the safe alternatives to chemical based bleaching of pulp in paper mills. For effective biobleaching, both hemicellulolytic and lignolytic enzymes are required. This study reports laccase (L) + xylanase (X) and laccase (L) + mannanase (M) enzyme concoctions for pulp biobleaching derived from Bacillus sp. LX and Bacillus sp. LM isolated from the decaying organic matter. All enzymes were thermo-alkali-stable, hence were suitable for their application in pulp biobleaching. When a mixture of L + X/L + M was used for mixedwood pulp biobleaching, 46.32/40.25% reduction in kappa number; 13.21/10.01% and 3.36/2.76% improvement in brightness and whiteness was achieved respectively. Moreover, no laccase mediator system was required in the current process. Significant changes in the structure of enzymatically treated pulp were also observed. All these properties make these concoctions of enzymes suitable for their application in pulp and paper mill.
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13
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Al-Ghanayem AA, Joseph B. Current prospective in using cold-active enzymes as eco-friendly detergent additive. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2871-2882. [PMID: 32037467 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10429-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Advanced developments in the field of enzyme technology have increased the use of enzymes in industrial applications, especially in detergents. Enzymes as detergent additives have been extensively studied and the demand is considerably increasing due to its distinct properties and potential applications. Enzymes from microorganisms colonized at various geographical locations ranging from extreme hot to cold are explored for compatibility studies as detergent additives. Especially psychrophiles growing at cold conditions have cold-active enzymes with high catalytic activity and their stability under extreme conditions makes it as an appropriate eco-friendly and cost-effective additive in detergents. Adequate number of reports are available on cold-active enzymes such as proteases, lipases, amylases, and cellulases with high efficiency and exceptional features. These enzymes with increased thermostability and alkaline stability have become the premier choice as detergent additives. Modern approaches in genomics and proteomics paved the way to understand the compatibility of cold-active enzymes as detergent additives in broader dimensions. The molecular techniques such as gene coding, amino acid sequencing, and protein engineering studies helped to solve the mysteries related to alkaline stability of these enzymes and their chemical compatibility with oxidizing agents. The present review provides an overview of cold-active enzymes used as detergent additives and molecular approaches that resulted in development of these enzymes as commercial hit in detergent industries. The scope and challenges in using cold-active enzymes as eco-friendly and sustainable detergent additive are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Al-Ghanayem
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 11961, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Babu Joseph
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 11961, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Nopvichai C, Charoenwongpaiboon T, Luengluepunya N, Ito K, Muanprasat C, Pichyangkura R. Production and purification of mannan oligosaccharide with epithelial tight junction enhancing activity. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7206. [PMID: 31304065 PMCID: PMC6611449 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mannanan oligosaccharide (MOS) is well-known as effective supplement food for livestock to increase their nutrients absorption and health status, but the structure and identification of bioactive MOS remain unclear. In this study, MOS production was accomplished, using enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated coconut meal substrate with recombinant mannanase. Methods The mannanase gene was cloned from Bacillus subtilis cAE24, then expressed in BL21. Purified Mannanase exhibit stability over a wide range of pH and temperature from pH 6-8 and 4 °C to 70 °C, respectively. SEM analysis revealed that sonication could change the surface characteristic of copra meal, which gave better MOS yield, compared to untreated substrates. The separation and purification of each MOS were achieved using Biogel-P2 column chromatography. Determination of biological active MOS species was also investigated. T84 cells were cultured and treated with each of the purified MOS species to determine their tight junction enhancing activity. Results Scanning electron microscope imaging showed that pretreatment using sonication could disrupt the surface of copra meal better than grinding alone, which can improve the production of MOS. Pentamer of MOS (M5) significantly increased tight junction integration of T84 cells measured with TEER (p < 0.0001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatchai Nopvichai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Navaporn Luengluepunya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kazuo Ito
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chatchai Muanprasat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rath Pichyangkura
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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