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Ávila Oliveira BD, Gomes RS, de Carvalho AM, Lima EMF, Pinto UM, da Cunha LR. Revolutionizing food safety with electrochemical biosensors for rapid and portable pathogen detection. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01427-6. [PMID: 38922532 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01427-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Foodborne diseases remain a worldwide concern, despite the advances made in sanitation, pathogen surveillance and food safety management systems. The methods routinely applied for detecting pathogens in foods are time consuming, labor intensive and usually require trained and qualified individuals. The objective of this review was to highlight the use of biosensors, with a focus on the electrochemical devices, as promising alternatives for detecting foodborne pathogens. These biosensors present high speed for obtaining results, with the possibility of evaluating foods in real time, at low cost, ease of use, in addition to being compact and portable. These aspects are considered advantageous and suitable for use in food safety management systems. This work also shows some limitations for the application of biosensors, and we present perspectives with the development and use of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brígida D' Ávila Oliveira
- Health and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Soares Gomes
- Health and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alice Mendes de Carvalho
- Health and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Emília Maria França Lima
- Food Research Center (FoRC), Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Uelinton Manoel Pinto
- Food Research Center (FoRC), Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Rodrigues da Cunha
- Department of Foods, Health and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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2
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Wei X, Reddy VS, Gao S, Zhai X, Li Z, Shi J, Niu L, Zhang D, Ramakrishna S, Zou X. Recent advances in electrochemical cell-based biosensors for food analysis: Strategies for sensor construction. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:115947. [PMID: 38181518 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Owing to their advantages such as great specificity, sensitivity, rapidity, and possibility of noninvasive and real-time monitoring, electrochemical cell-based biosensors (ECBBs) have been a powerful tool for food analysis encompassing the areas of nutrition, flavor, and safety. Notably, the distinctive biological relevance of ECBBs enables them to mimic physiological environments and reflect cellular behaviors, leading to valuable insights into the biological function of target components in food. Compared with previous reviews, this review fills the current gap in the narrative of ECBB construction strategies. The review commences by providing an overview of the materials and configuration of ECBBs, including cell types, cell immobilization strategies, electrode modification materials, and electrochemical sensing types. Subsequently, a detailed discussion is presented on the fabrication strategies of ECBBs in food analysis applications, which are categorized based on distinct signal sources. Lastly, we summarize the merits, drawbacks, and application scope of these diverse strategies, and discuss the current challenges and future perspectives of ECBBs. Consequently, this review provides guidance for the design of ECBBs with specific functions and promotes the application of ECBBs in food analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoou Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Vundrala Sumedha Reddy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Shipeng Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Zhai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Zhihua Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Lidan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, PR China
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, PR China.
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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3
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Shruti A, Bage N, Kar P. Nanomaterials based sensors for analysis of food safety. Food Chem 2024; 433:137284. [PMID: 37703589 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The freshnessof the food is a major issue because spoiled food lacks critical nutrients for growth and could be harmful to human health if consumed directly. Nanomaterials are captivating due to their unique properties like large surface area, high selectivity, small dimension, great biocompatibility and conductivity, real-time onsite analysis, etc. which give them an advantage over conventional evaluation techniques. Despite these advantages of nanomaterials used in food safety and their preservation, food products can still get affected by various environmental factors (like pH, temperature, etc.), making the use of time-temperature indicators more condescending. This review is a comprehensive study on food safety, its causes, the responsible analytes, their remedies by various nanomaterials, the development of various nanosensors, and the various challenges faced in maintaining food safety standards to reduce the risk of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asparshika Shruti
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Nirgaman Bage
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Pradip Kar
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
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4
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Štukovnik Z, Fuchs-Godec R, Bren U. Nanomaterials and Their Recent Applications in Impedimetric Biosensing. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:899. [PMID: 37887092 PMCID: PMC10605062 DOI: 10.3390/bios13100899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Impedimetric biosensors measure changes in the electrical impedance due to a biochemical process, typically the binding of a biomolecule to a bioreceptor on the sensor surface. Nanomaterials can be employed to modify the biosensor's surface to increase the surface area available for biorecognition events, thereby improving the sensitivity and detection limits of the biosensor. Various nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, quantum dots, metal nanoparticles, and graphene oxide nanoparticles, have been investigated for impedimetric biosensors. These nanomaterials have yielded promising results in improving sensitivity, selectivity, and overall biosensor performance. Hence, they offer a wide range of possibilities for developing advanced biosensing platforms that can be employed in various fields, including healthcare, environmental monitoring, and food safety. This review focuses on the recent developments in nanoparticle-functionalized electrochemical-impedimetric biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zala Štukovnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (Z.Š.); (R.F.-G.)
| | - Regina Fuchs-Godec
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (Z.Š.); (R.F.-G.)
| | - Urban Bren
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (Z.Š.); (R.F.-G.)
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška Ulica 8, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
- Institute of Environmental Protection and Sensors, Beloruska ulica 7, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Kabiraz MP, Majumdar PR, Mahmud MC, Bhowmik S, Ali A. Conventional and advanced detection techniques of foodborne pathogens: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15482. [PMID: 37151686 PMCID: PMC10161726 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens are a major public health concern and have a significant economic impact globally. From harvesting to consumption stages, food is generally contaminated by viruses, parasites, and bacteria, which causes foodborne diseases such as hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), typhoid, acute, gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Hence, early detection of foodborne pathogenic microbes is essential to ensure a safe food supply and to prevent foodborne diseases. The identification of foodborne pathogens is associated with conventional (e.g., culture-based, biochemical test-based, immunological-based, and nucleic acid-based methods) and advances (e.g., hybridization-based, array-based, spectroscopy-based, and biosensor-based process) techniques. For industrial food applications, detection methods could meet parameters such as accuracy level, efficiency, quickness, specificity, sensitivity, and non-labor intensive. This review provides an overview of conventional and advanced techniques used to detect foodborne pathogens over the years. Therefore, the scientific community, policymakers, and food and agriculture industries can choose an appropriate method for better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Probha Kabiraz
- Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Priyanka Rani Majumdar
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - M.M. Chayan Mahmud
- CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Shuva Bhowmik
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
- Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
- Corresponding author. Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Azam Ali
- Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
- Corresponding author.
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Wanjari VP, Reddy AS, Duttagupta SP, Singh SP. Laser-induced graphene-based electrochemical biosensors for environmental applications: a perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:42643-42657. [PMID: 35622288 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors are miniaturized devices that provide the advantage of in situ and point-of-care monitoring of analytes of interest. Electrochemical biosensors use the mechanism of oxidation-reduction reactions and measurement of corresponding electron transfer as changes in current, voltage, or other parameters using different electrochemical techniques. The use of electrochemically active materials is critical for the effective functioning of electrochemical biosensors. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) has garnered increasing interest in biosensor development and improvement due to its high electrical conductivity, specific surface area, and simple and scalable fabrication process. The effort of this perspective is to understand the existing classes of analytes and the mechanisms of their detection using LIG-based biosensors. The manuscript has highlighted the potential use of LIG, its modifications, and its use with various receptors for sensing various environmental pollutants. Although the conventional graphene-based sensors effectively detect trace levels for many analytes in different applications, the chemical and energy-intensive fabrication and time-consuming processes make it imperative to explore a low-cost and scalable option such as LIG for biosensors production. The focus of these potential biosensors has been kept on detection analytes of environmental significance such as heavy metals ions, organic and inorganic compounds, fertilizers, pesticides, pathogens, and antibiotics. The use of LIG directly as an electrode, its modifications with nanomaterials and polymers, and its combination with bioreceptors such as aptamers and polymers has been summarized. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis has also been done to understand the viability of incorporating LIG-based electrochemical biosensors for environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram P Wanjari
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - A Sudharshan Reddy
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Siddhartha P Duttagupta
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
- Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Swatantra P Singh
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India.
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India.
- Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India.
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High-frequency phenomena and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at nanoelectrodes. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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8
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Recent Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Sensing for Food Safety Analysis. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing public attention on unceasing food safety incidents prompts the requirements of analytical techniques with high sensitivity, reliability, and reproducibility to timely prevent food safety incidents occurring. Food analysis is critically important for the health of both animals and human beings. Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, nanomaterials provide more opportunities for food quality and safety control. To date, nanomaterials have been widely used in the construction of sensors and biosensors to achieve more accurate, fast, and selective food safety detection. Here, various nanomaterial-based sensors for food analysis are outlined, including optical and electrochemical sensors. The discussion mainly involves the basic sensing principles, current strategies, and novel designs. Additionally, given the trend towards portable devices, various smartphone sensor-based point-of-care (POC) devices for home care testing are discussed.
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9
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EL AAMRI M, MOHAMMADI H, Amine A. Development of a Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on Functionalized Carbon Black for the Detection of Guanine Released from DNA Hydrolysis. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maliana EL AAMRI
- University Hassan II Mohammedia Casablanca Faculty of Science Techniques MOROCCO
| | - Hasna MOHAMMADI
- University Hassan II Mohammedia Casablanca Faculty of Science Techniques MOROCCO
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Charernchai S, Chikae M, Phan TT, Wonsawat W, Hirose D, Takamura Y. Automated Paper-Based Femtogram Sensing Device for Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay of Aflatoxin B 1 Using Submicroliter Samples. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5099-5105. [PMID: 35302345 PMCID: PMC8969870 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) are promising biosensors that may be used in a variety of bioanalytical applications. A μPAD for automating the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of small-sized target detection at the femtogram level using submicroliter samples is reported in this study. The proposed μPAD was integrated with a sucrose valve to automate the sequential delivery of reagents, providing simple control of reagent delivery time and simple operation. The use of a sample solution dropping location at the zones on the device that had been prepared with an antibody-conjugated enzyme before immersion in a running buffer allowed minimization of sample volume to 0.6 μL, while eliminating the possible loss of a target molecule by adsorption on the membrane, thus improving detection sensitivity. Furthermore, the proposed device was successfully applied to the automation of competitive ELISA for the detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a potent carcinogen that causes substantial health risks to humans worldwide, with a detection limit of 60 femtograms or 0.1 ng/mL. The method developed in this study provides high sensitivity, small sample volume, on-site and equipment-free measurements, low-cost operation, and user-friendliness. This approach could be used to analyze small-sized molecules in the fields of food safety and quality control, environmental monitoring, and clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumamal Charernchai
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1211, Japan
| | - Miyuki Chikae
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1211, Japan
| | - Tue Trong Phan
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1211, Japan
| | - Wanida Wonsawat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Daisuke Hirose
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1211, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Takamura
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1211, Japan
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11
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Moon YJ, Lee SY, Oh SW. A Review of Isothermal Amplification Methods and Food-Origin Inhibitors against Detecting Food-Borne Pathogens. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030322. [PMID: 35159473 PMCID: PMC8833899 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The isothermal amplification method, a molecular-based diagnostic technology, such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), is widely used as an alternative to the time-consuming and labor-intensive culture-based detection method. However, food matrices or other compounds can inhibit molecular-based diagnostic technologies, causing reduced detection efficiencies, and false-negative results. These inhibitors originating from food are polysaccharides and polyphenolic compounds in berries, seafood, and vegetables. Additionally, magnesium ions needed for amplification reactions can also inhibit molecular-based diagnostics. The successful removal of inhibitors originating from food and molecular amplification reaction is therefore proposed to enhance the efficiency of molecular-based diagnostics and allow accurate detection of food-borne pathogens. Among molecular-based diagnostics, PCR inhibitors have been reported. Nevertheless, reports on the mechanism and removal of isothermal amplification method inhibitors are insufficient. Therefore, this review describes inhibitors originating from food and some compounds inhibiting the detection of food-borne pathogens during isothermal amplification.
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12
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D’Aurelio R, Tothill IE, Salbini M, Calò F, Mazzotta E, Malitesta C, Chianella I. A Comparison of EIS and QCM NanoMIP-Based Sensors for Morphine. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3360. [PMID: 34947709 PMCID: PMC8707575 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work we have compared two different sensing platforms for the detection of morphine as an example of a low molecular weight target analyte. For this, molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (NanoMIP), synthesized with an affinity towards morphine, were attached to an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor. Assay design, sensors fabrication, analyte sensitivity and specificity were performed using similar methods. The results showed that the EIS sensor achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.11 ng·mL-1, which is three orders of magnitude lower than the 0.19 µg·mL-1 achieved using the QCM sensor. Both the EIS and the QCM sensors were found to be able to specifically detect morphine in a direct assay format. However, the QCM method required conjugation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to the small analyte (morphine) to amplify the signal and achieve a LOD in the µg·mL-1 range. Conversely, the EIS sensor method was labor-intensive and required extensive data handling and processing, resulting in longer analysis times (~30-40 min). In addition, whereas the QCM enables visualization of the binding events between the target molecule and the sensor in real-time, the EIS method does not allow such a feature and measurements are taken post-binding. The work also highlighted the advantages of using QCM as an automated, rapid and multiplex sensor compared to the much simpler EIS platform used in this work, though, the QCM method will require sample preparation, especially when a sensitive (ng·mL-1) detection of a small analyte is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta D’Aurelio
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (I.E.T.); (M.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Ibtisam E. Tothill
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (I.E.T.); (M.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Maria Salbini
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (I.E.T.); (M.S.); (F.C.)
- Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Edificio Multipiano CSEEM A6., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, I-73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Calò
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (I.E.T.); (M.S.); (F.C.)
- Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Edificio Multipiano CSEEM A6., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, I-73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Elisabetta Mazzotta
- Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Edificio Multipiano CSEEM A6., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, I-73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Cosimino Malitesta
- Laboratorio di Chimica Analitica, Edificio Multipiano CSEEM A6., Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, I-73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.M.); (C.M.)
| | - Iva Chianella
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK; (I.E.T.); (M.S.); (F.C.)
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14
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Taqman® probe based multiplex RT-PCR for simultaneous detection of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in foods. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Janik E, Niemcewicz M, Podogrocki M, Ceremuga M, Gorniak L, Stela M, Bijak M. The Existing Methods and Novel Approaches in Mycotoxins' Detection. Molecules 2021; 26:3981. [PMID: 34210086 PMCID: PMC8271920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins represent a wide range of secondary, naturally occurring and practically unavoidable fungal metabolites. They contaminate various agricultural commodities like cereals, maize, peanuts, fruits, and feed at any stage in pre- or post-harvest conditions. Consumption of mycotoxin-contaminated food and feed can cause acute or chronic toxicity in human and animals. The risk that is posed to public health have prompted the need to develop methods of analysis and detection of mycotoxins in food products. Mycotoxins wide range of structural diversity, high chemical stability, and low concentrations in tested samples require robust, effective, and comprehensible detection methods. This review summarizes current methods, such as chromatographic and immunochemical techniques, as well as novel, alternative approaches like biosensors, electronic noses, or molecularly imprinted polymers that have been successfully applied in detection and identification of various mycotoxins in food commodities. In order to highlight the significance of sampling and sample treatment in the analytical process, these steps have been comprehensively described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Janik
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.J.); (M.N.); (M.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Marcin Niemcewicz
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.J.); (M.N.); (M.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Marcin Podogrocki
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.J.); (M.N.); (M.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Michal Ceremuga
- Military Institute of Armament Technology, Prymasa Stefana Wyszyńskiego 7, 05-220 Zielonka, Poland;
| | - Leslaw Gorniak
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.J.); (M.N.); (M.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Maksymilian Stela
- CBRN Reconnaissance and Decontamination Department, Military Institute of Chemistry and Radiometry, Antoniego Chrusciela “Montera” 105, 00-910 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Michal Bijak
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (E.J.); (M.N.); (M.P.); (L.G.)
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Cao Y, Floehr J, Ingebrandt S, Schnakenberg U. Dry Film Resist Laminated Microfluidic System for Electrical Impedance Measurements. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:632. [PMID: 34072385 PMCID: PMC8228546 DOI: 10.3390/mi12060632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In micro-electrical-mechanical systems (MEMS), thick structures with high aspect ratios are often required. Dry film photoresist (DFR) in various thicknesses can be easily laminated and patterned using standard UV lithography. Here, we present a three-level DFR lamination process of SUEX for a microfluidic chip with embedded, vertically arranged microelectrodes for electrical impedance measurements. To trap and fix the object under test to the electrodes, an aperture is formed in the center of the ring-shaped electrodes in combination with a microfluidic suction channel underneath. In a proof-of-concept, the setup is characterized by electrical impedance measurements with polystyrene and ZrO2 spheres. The electrical impedance is most sensitive at approximately 2 kHz, and its magnitudes reveal around 200% higher values when a sphere is trapped. The magnitude values depend on the sizes of the spheres. Electrical equivalent circuits are applied to simulate the experimental results with a close match.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cao
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstraße 24, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (Y.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Julia Floehr
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Sven Ingebrandt
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstraße 24, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (Y.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Uwe Schnakenberg
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Sommerfeldstraße 24, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (Y.C.); (S.I.)
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Raja IS, Vedhanayagam M, Preeth DR, Kim C, Lee JH, Han DW. Development of Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials Based Electrochemical Biosensors on Enhancing the Analysis of Food Toxicants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3277. [PMID: 33806998 PMCID: PMC8005143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent times, food safety has become a topic of debate as the foodborne diseases triggered by chemical and biological contaminants affect human health and the food industry's profits. Though conventional analytical instrumentation-based food sensors are available, the consumers did not appreciate them because of the drawbacks of complexity, greater number of analysis steps, expensive enzymes, and lack of portability. Hence, designing easy-to-use tests for the rapid analysis of food contaminants has become essential in the food industry. Under this context, electrochemical biosensors have received attention among researchers as they bear the advantages of operational simplicity, portability, stability, easy miniaturization, and low cost. Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have a larger surface area to volume compared to other dimensional nanomaterials. Hence, researchers nowadays are inclined to develop 2D nanomaterials-based electrochemical biosensors to significantly improve the sensor's sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility while measuring the food toxicants. In the present review, we compile the contribution of 2D nanomaterials in electrochemical biosensors to test the food toxicants and discuss the future directions in the field. Further, we describe the types of food toxicity, methodologies quantifying food analytes, how the electrochemical food sensor works, and the general biomedical properties of 2D nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Desingh Raj Preeth
- Chemical Biology and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, AU-KBC Research Centre, Anna University, MIT Campus, Chromepet, Chennai 600 044, India;
| | - Chuntae Kim
- BIO-IT Foundry Technology Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (I.S.R.); (C.K.)
| | - Jong Hun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| | - Dong Wook Han
- BIO-IT Foundry Technology Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (I.S.R.); (C.K.)
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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Kim JH, Oh SW. Rapid detection for low numbers of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by real-time PCR in cabbage using a combination of filtration, short microbial enrichment, and DNA concentration within 4 h. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kastenhofer J, Rajamanickam V, Libiseller-Egger J, Spadiut O. Monitoring and control of E. coli cell integrity. J Biotechnol 2021; 329:1-12. [PMID: 33485861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Soluble expression of recombinant proteins in E. coli is often done by translocation of the product across the inner membrane (IM) into the periplasm, where it is retained by the outer membrane (OM). While the integrity of the IM is strongly coupled to viability and impurity release, a decrease in OM integrity (corresponding to increased "leakiness") leads to accumulation of product in the extracellular space, strongly impacting the downstream process. Whether leakiness is desired or not, differential monitoring and control of IM and OM integrity are necessary for an efficient E. coli bioprocess in compliance with the guidelines of Quality by Design and Process Analytical Technology. In this review, we give an overview of relevant monitoring tools, summarize the research on factors affecting E. coli membrane integrity and provide a brief discussion on how the available monitoring technology can be implemented in real-time control of E. coli cultivations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Kastenhofer
- TU Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Research Group Integrated Bioprocess Development, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vignesh Rajamanickam
- TU Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Research Group Integrated Bioprocess Development, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Libiseller-Egger
- TU Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Research Group Integrated Bioprocess Development, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- TU Wien, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Division Biochemical Engineering, Research Group Integrated Bioprocess Development, Gumpendorfer Strasse 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria.
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