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Şen E, Özkan N, Önger ME, Kaplan S. Effects of NGF and Photobiomodulation Therapy on Crush Nerve Injury and Fracture Healing: A Stereological and Histopathological Study in an Animal Model. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2023; 16:281-291. [PMID: 38047151 PMCID: PMC10693267 DOI: 10.1177/19433875221138175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Study Design A stereological and histopathological study in an animal model. Objective This study explores the effects of the nerve growth factor and photobiomodulation therapy on the damaged nerve tissue and fracture healing. Methods A total of 24 rabbits were divided into 4 groups: control group (n = 5), nerve growth factor (NGF) group (n = 7), photobiomodulation (PBMT) group (n = 6), and nerve growth factor and photobiomodulation therapy (NGF+PBMT) group (n = 6). The vertical fracture was performed between the mental foramen and the first premolar, and the mental nerve was crushed for 30 seconds with a standard serrated clamp with a force of approximately 50 N in all groups. The control group received an isotonic solution (.02 mL, .09% NaCl) to the operation site locally. The NGF group received 1 μg human NGF-β/.9% .2 mL NaCl solution for 7 days locally. The PBMT group received PBMT treatment (GaAlAs laser, 810 nm, .3 W, 18 J/cm2) every 48 hours for 14 sessions following the surgery. The NGF+PBMT group received both NGF and PBMT treatment as described above. After 28 days, the bone tissues and mental nerves from all groups were harvested and histologically and stereologically analyzed. Results According to the stereological results, the volume of the new vessel and the volume of the new bone were significantly higher in the PBMT group than in other groups (P < .001). According to the histopathological examinations, higher myelinated axons were observed in experimental groups than in the control group. Conclusions As a result, PBMT has beneficial effects on bone regeneration. Based on the light microscopic evaluation, more regenerated axon populations were observed in the NGF group than in the PBMT and PBMT + NGF groups in terms of myelinated axon content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esengül Şen
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Özkan
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Önger
- Associate Professor, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Kaplan
- Professor, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Turkey
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Scribante A, Pellegrini M, Pulicari F, Porrini M, Bosotti M, Spadari F. Nerve Injury and Photobiomodulation, a Promising Opportunity: A Scoping Review on Laser Assisted Protocols for Lesions in the Oral Region. APPLIED SCIENCES 2023; 13:9258. [DOI: 10.3390/app13169258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The currently available therapeutic options for restoring function and sensitivity in long-term nervous injuries pose challenges. Microsurgery interventions for direct nerve repair often lead to serious complications and limited success. Non-surgical methods, although somewhat effective, have limited benefits. These methods involve drug administration, such as with analgesics or corticosteroids. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has emerged as a promising approach based on clinical and laboratory studies. PBMT stimulates the migration and proliferation of neuronal fiber cellular aggregates, as reported in the literature. Experimental studies on animal models with peripheral nerve compression injuries have shown that PBMT can enhance the functionality of damaged nerves, preserving their activity and preventing scar tissue formation. The mechanism of action depends on the wavelength, which can positively or negatively affect photo acceptor resonances, influencing their conformation and activities. These findings suggest that photobiomodulation may accelerate and improve nerve regeneration. This review explores various methodologies used in photobiomodulation for regenerating nerve sensitivity after surgical trauma involving nerve structures, in the oral and peri-oral region. Research was conducted to evaluate which laser-assisted therapeutic protocols are used to improve the recovery of nervous sensitivity, using the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and following the PRISMA methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scribante
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Pulicari
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Porrini
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Moreno Bosotti
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Spadari
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Chuah JP, Khoo SS, Chung TY, Jayaletchumi G. Photobiomodulation Therapy in Carpal Tunnel Release: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023; 41:402-407. [PMID: 37506348 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Carpal tunnel release (CTR) is widely accepted as an effective treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome. However, the recovery is often delayed and incomplete. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) produces a nonthermal effect on living tissues; it promotes healing, remodels and reduces inflammation of an injured nerve. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcome of CTR between patients who underwent postoperative PBMT and without PBMT. Materials and methods: We recruited 105 patients who had open CTR from January 2019 to January 2021. Fifty-six patients fulfilled the study criteria and were randomized into two groups: with PBMT (n = 28) and without PBMT (n = 28). Demographic and clinical data were obtained preoperatively. The PBMT group had ten 3-min sessions over 3 weeks using 808 nm, 50 mW PBMT to deliver 9 J per session to the CTR incision scar. Clinical outcomes were assessed at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software. Results: There were significant improvements in the Functional Status Scale in the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (p = 0.018) and pain (visual analogue scales) in the morning (p = 0.019) at 1 month postoperatively in the PBMT group compared with the non-PBMT group. Improvement of tip pinch strength at 3 months (p = 0.022) and 6 months (p = 0.024), lateral pinch strength at 1 month (p = 0.042) and 3 months (p = 0.05), and tripod pinch strength at 3 months (p = 0.005) was significantly better in the PBMT group. Thumb 2-point discrimination (2PD) at 3 months (p = 0.018) and 6 months (p = 0.016) and index finger 2PD at 3 months (p = 0.039) were also significantly improved in the PBMT group. There were no side effects of PBMT reported. Conclusions: Patients who underwent PBMT post-CTR had better outcomes. PBMT may be a valuable adjunct to post-CTR care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Peng Chuah
- National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saw Sian Khoo
- National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tze Yang Chung
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Gunasagaran Jayaletchumi
- National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence for Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Bueno CRDS, Tonin MCC, Buchaim DV, Barraviera B, Ferreira Junior RS, Santos PSDS, Reis CHB, Pastori CM, Pereira EDSBM, Nogueira DMB, Cini MA, Rosa Junior GM, Buchaim RL. Morphofunctional Improvement of the Facial Nerve and Muscles with Repair Using Heterologous Fibrin Biopolymer and Photobiomodulation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050653. [PMID: 37242436 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries impair the patient's functional capacity, including those occurring in the facial nerve, which require effective medical treatment. Thus, we investigated the use of heterologous fibrin biopolymer (HFB) in the repair of the buccal branch of the facial nerve (BBFN) associated with photobiomodulation (PBM), using a low-level laser (LLLT), analyzing the effects on axons, muscles facials, and functional recovery. This experimental study used twenty-one rats randomly divided into three groups of seven animals, using the BBFN bilaterally (the left nerve was used for LLLT): Control group-normal and laser (CGn and CGl); Denervated group-normal and laser (DGn and DGl); Experimental Repair Group-normal and laser (ERGn and ERGl). The photobiomodulation protocol began in the immediate postoperative period and continued for 5 weeks with a weekly application. After 6 weeks of the experiment, the BBFN and the perioral muscles were collected. A significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in nerve fiber diameter (7.10 ± 0.25 µm and 8.00 ± 0.36 µm, respectively) and axon diameter (3.31 ± 0.19 µm and 4.07 ± 0.27 µm, respectively) between ERGn and ERGl. In the area of muscle fibers, ERGl was similar to GC. In the functional analysis, the ERGn and the ERGI (4.38 ± 0.10) and the ERGI (4.56 ± 0.11) showed parameters of normality. We show that HFB and PBM had positive effects on the morphological and functional stimulation of the buccal branch of the facial nerve, being an alternative and favorable for the regeneration of severe injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleuber Rodrigo de Souza Bueno
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
- Dentistry School, University Center of Adamantina (UNIFAI), Adamantina 17800-000, Brazil
- Medical School, University Center of Adamantina (UNIFAI), Adamantina 17800-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Clara Cassola Tonin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Daniela Vieira Buchaim
- Medical School, University Center of Adamantina (UNIFAI), Adamantina 17800-000, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Benedito Barraviera
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP), Botucatu 18610-307, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Rui Seabra Ferreira Junior
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP), Botucatu 18610-307, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School (FMB), São Paulo State University (UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Bertoni Reis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
- UNIMAR Beneficent Hospital (HBU), University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-160, Brazil
| | | | - Eliana de Souza Bastos Mazuqueli Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil
| | - Dayane Maria Braz Nogueira
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Augusto Cini
- Medical School, University of West Paulista (UNOESTE), Guarujá 11441-225, Brazil
| | | | - Rogerio Leone Buchaim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of São Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (FMVZ/USP), São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
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Araujo T, Andreo L, Tobelem DDC, Silva T, Malavazzi TCDS, Martinelli A, Lemes B, Fernandes KPS, Bussadori SK, Mesquita-Ferrari RA. Effects of systemic vascular photobiomodulation using LED or laser on sensory–motor recovery following a peripheral nerve injury in Wistar rats. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 22:567-577. [PMID: 36348256 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is associated with considerable functional impairment. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has demonstrated positive effects regarding neuromuscular repair after PNI when applied locally to the nerve or injured muscle. However, the effects of systemic PBM with transcutaneous application over an important artery, which is also denominated vascular PBM (VPBM), remain unclear. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of VPBM with low-level laser (LLL) and light-emitting diode (LED) on gait, sensitivity and muscle morphology following a PNI. PNI was induced on Wistar rats using the sciatic nerve crushing technique. VPBM was performed over the rat's artery tail region with LED (850 nm, 40 mW, 3.2 J) and LLL (780 nm, 40 mW, 3.2 J). Gait functionality, mechanical (nociceptive) sensitivity, and morphology of the tibialis anterior muscle were evaluated at 7, 14, and 21 days after injury. An improvement in functional gait was shown in the VPBM-LLL group in all periods. Motor sensitivity was found after 14 days in the VPBM-LLL group. The left/right (L/R) muscle mass ratio revealed a reduction in muscle atrophy in the VPBM-LLL group at 7 days. Muscle fiber diameter increased in the VPBM-LED group at 14 days and increases in the cross-section area were found in the VPBM-LED and VPBM-LLL groups at 7 days. VPBM with both light sources (LED and LLL) positively modulated functioning and neuromuscular recovery following sciatic nerve injury in rats, with more pronounced results when using LLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires Araujo
- Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525000, Brazil
| | - Lucas Andreo
- Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525000, Brazil
| | - Daysi da Cruz Tobelem
- Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525000, Brazil
| | - Tamiris Silva
- Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525000, Brazil
| | | | - Andreia Martinelli
- Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525000, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lemes
- Laboratory of Physiology and Cardiac Pathophysiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, 04040003, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), 235/249 Vergueiro Street, São Paulo, SP, 01525000, Brazil
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Ali MK, Saha S, Milkova N, Liu L, Sharma K, Huizinga JD, Chen JH. Modulation of the autonomic nervous system by one session of spinal low-level laser therapy in patients with chronic colonic motility dysfunction. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:882602. [PMID: 36117615 PMCID: PMC9477245 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.882602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with a defecation disorder may not evoke a normal defecation reflex, or the reflex may be excessive, as a dysfunction of the spinal autonomic nervous system. Treatment with various forms of lumbar and sacral neuromodulation have shown symptom improvement, but potential changes in autonomic functioning are rarely studied. Here we evaluate the effects on autonomic function of a single session of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the lumbar and sacral spine in 41 patients with chronic gastrointestinal motor dysfunction. The LLLT protocol used red LED light at a wavelength of 660 nm for 10 min and infrared LED light at a wavelength of 840 nm for 10 min, followed by infrared laser light at a wavelength of 825 nm for 10 min. Effects on the autonomic nervous system were assessed by measuring heart rate variability (HRV) changes. Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) and Root Mean Square of Successive Differences (RMSSD) were used to quantify parasympathetic reactivity; the Baevsky’s Stress Index (SI) reflected sympathetic activity while the ratios SI/RSA and SI/RMSSD were used to show shifts in autonomic dominance. The results indicate that lumbar and sacral neuromodulation using light arrays reduced, whereas stimulation by the laser probes significantly increased parasympathetic activity. The light arrays increased whereas the laser probes significantly decreased sympathetic activity (SI). The entire protocol shifted the autonomic balance toward parasympathetic activity. The comparison of actual vs. sham neuromodulation proved that the change in HRV parameters was due to actual light stimulation and not due to the arrays and probe touching the skin. In conclusion, a single session of LLLT markedly affects autonomic nervous system activity reflected in changes in HRV which is only possible by generating activity in the spinal autonomic nerves. These results warrant a study into the effects of LLLT on restoring autonomic dysfunction in chronic refractory colonic motility disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Khawar Ali
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Shrayasee Saha
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Natalija Milkova
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lijun Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kartik Sharma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jan D. Huizinga
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Jan D. Huizinga,
| | - Ji-Hong Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Jan D. Huizinga,
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Gong B, Zhang X, Zahrani AA, Gao W, Ma G, Zhang L, Xue J. Neural tissue engineering: From bioactive scaffolds and in situ monitoring to regeneration. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2022; 2:20210035. [PMID: 37323703 PMCID: PMC10190951 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a large-scale problem that annually affects more than several millions of people all over the world. It remains a great challenge to effectively repair nerve defects. Tissue engineered nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) provide a promising platform for peripheral nerve repair through the integration of bioactive scaffolds, biological effectors, and cellular components. Herein, we firstly describe the pathogenesis of peripheral nerve injuries at different orders of severity to clarify their microenvironments and discuss the clinical treatment methods and challenges. Then, we discuss the recent progress on the design and construction of NGCs in combination with biological effectors and cellular components for nerve repair. Afterward, we give perspectives on imaging the nerve and/or the conduit to allow for the in situ monitoring of the nerve regeneration process. We also cover the applications of different postoperative intervention treatments, such as electric field, magnetic field, light, and ultrasound, to the well-designed conduit and/or the nerve for improving the repair efficacy. Finally, we explore the prospects of multifunctional platforms to promote the repair of peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Gong
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Xindan Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Ahmed Al Zahrani
- Department of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Wenwen Gao
- Department of RadiologyChina–Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Guolin Ma
- Department of RadiologyChina–Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina
| | - Jiajia Xue
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina
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Raman spectroscopy and sciatic functional index (SFI) after low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in a rat sciatic nerve crush injury model. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2957-2971. [PMID: 35503388 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Axonotmesis causes sensorimotor and neurofunctional deficits, and its regeneration can occur slowly or not occur if not treated appropriately. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) promotes nerve regeneration with the proliferation of myelinating Schwann cells to recover the myelin sheath and the production of glycoproteins for endoneurium reconstruction. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of LLLT on sciatic nerve regeneration after compression injury by means of the sciatic functional index (SFI) and Raman spectroscopy (RS). For this, 64 Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to the length of treatment: 14 days (n = 32) and 21 days (n = 32). These two groups were subdivided into four sub-groups of eight animals each (control 1; control 2; laser 660 nm; laser 808 nm). All animals had surgical exposure to the sciatic nerve, and only control 1 did not suffer nerve damage. To cause the lesion in the sciatic nerve, compression was applied with a Kelly clamp for 6 s. The evaluation of sensory deficit was performed by the painful exteroceptive sensitivity (PES) and neuromotor tests by the SFI. Laser 660 nm and laser 808 nm sub-groups were irradiated daily (100 mW, 40 s, energy density of 133 J/cm2). The sciatic nerve segment was removed for RS analysis. The animals showed accentuated sensory and neurofunctional deficit after injury and their rehabilitation occurred more effectively in the sub-groups treated with 660 nm laser. Control 2 sub-group did not obtain functional recovery of gait. The RS identified sphingolipids (718, 1065, and 1440 cm-1) and collagen (700, 852, 1004, 1270, and 1660 cm-1) as biomolecular characteristics of sciatic nerves. Principal component analysis revealed important differences among sub-groups and a directly proportional correlation with SFI, mainly in the sub-group laser 660 nm treated for 21 days. In the axonotmesis-type lesion model presented herein, the 660 nm laser was more efficient in neurofunctional recovery, and the Raman spectra of lipid and protein properties were attributed to the basic biochemical composition of the sciatic nerve.
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Ton G, Lee LW, Ho WC, Tu CH, Chen YH, Lee YC. Effects of Laser Acupuncture Therapy for Patients With Inadequate Recovery From Bell's Palsy: Preliminary Results From Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2022; 12:e70. [PMID: 35155155 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Inadequate recovery from Bell's palsy exists in a third of patients and results in physical and social impairments. The controversial nature of existing medical treatment options means that novel, alternative approaches are needed. In basic and clinical studies, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has proven successful in regenerating peripheral nerves. Laser acupuncture therapy (LAT) is a rapidly growing treatment modality; however, its effectiveness for treating chronic Bell's palsy is unknown. The feasibility of this innovative approach is the focus of this pilot study. Methods: A two-armed, parallel, randomized, investigator-subject-assessor-blinded, sham-controlled pilot study was conducted, and 17 eligible subjects were randomly allocated to either LAT (n=8) or sham LAT (n=9). The LAT group received three treatments each week for six weeks (18 sessions), while the sham LAT group received the same procedure but with a sham laser device. The change from baseline to week 6 in the social subscale of the Facial Disability Index (FDI) was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were changes in the House-Brackmann facial paralysis scale (HB), the Sunnybrook facial grading system (SB) and a stiffness scale at weeks 3 and 6. Results: A significant difference was shown in the HB score (P=0.0438) between baseline and week 3 and borderline significance was observed in both SB and stiffness scores from baseline to week 6 (P=0.0598 and P=0.0980 respectively). There was no significant difference in the FDI score between baseline and week 6. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this clinical trial is the first such investigation on this topic. Our findings suggest that using LAT may have clinical effects on long-term complications of Bell's palsy and justify further large-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Ton
- College of Chinese medicine, Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Lee
- Department of Acupuncture, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402 Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chao Ho
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hao Tu
- College of Chinese medicine, Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Chen
- College of Chinese medicine, Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Lee
- College of Chinese medicine, Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Acupuncture, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402 Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402 Taiwan
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Analysis of Influencing Factors of Repair Effect after Peripheral Nerve Injury. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8294267. [PMID: 34858520 PMCID: PMC8632468 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8294267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to improve the repair effect after peripheral nerve injury, this paper analyzes the related influencing factors. The regeneration of peripheral nerve includes two continuous and overlapping processes: the acute wound healing period and the axon seeking target tissue period. The complete and effective process of peripheral nerve regeneration includes the sprouting, growth and extension of regenerated axons, and the reconstruction of synaptic connections (neuromuscular junctions) with target organs to realize the reinnervation of nerves and restore function. This process includes three indicators of success in regeneration: structural reconstruction, metabolic regeneration, and functional recovery. In order to improve the repair effect of peripheral nerve injury, relevant influencing factors can be analyzed, and effective improvement of these influencing factors can improve the recovery effect of peripheral nerve injury. Finally, this paper analyzes multiple factors to provide theoretical references for follow-up clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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11
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de Souza LG, Hendler KG, Marcolino AM, Kuriki HU, Cardoso RB, de Cássia Registro Fonseca M, Barbosa RI. Photobiomodulation promotes neural regeneration when compared to simvastatin treatment in a sciatic nerve crush model. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:1591-1597. [PMID: 33210186 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03176-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) were associated with the use of Simvastatin in the functional recovery from sciatic nerve in mice submitted to crush injury. Fifty Swiss mice (approximately 3 months old; average weight 40 g) were randomly divided into six groups: naive, sham, control, PBM (660 nm, 10 J/cm2; 30 mW; 0.6 J per day for 28 days; 0.06 cm2; 16.8 J total and 20 s), Simvastatin (20 mg/kg), and PBM/Simv (association of the two protocols). The sciatic functional index (SFI), thermal heat hyperalgesia, mechanical hyperalgesia, and thermographic evaluation were used as analyses. The evaluations were performed preoperatively and 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after the initial injury analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for mixed models followed by the Bonferroni post-test. All groups except sham and naive presented an SFI compatible with severe peripheral nerve injury on the 7th day of evaluation. The PBM group presented better results in the SFI analysis (p < 0.001) on the 21st postoperative day compared to the control group. This benefit was maintained when compared to the Simvastatin (p < 0.001) and PBM/Simv groups (p < 0.01). The results of the thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia and thermography analyses were not significant (p > 0.05). The obtained results showed that PBM alone was more effective compared to Simvastatin alone or PBM combined with Simvastatin for sciatic nerve injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Gabriel de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina/UFSC, Araranguá, Brazil
| | - Ketlyn Germann Hendler
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina/UFSC, Araranguá, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Márcio Marcolino
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina/UFSC, Araranguá, Brazil
| | - Heloyse Uliam Kuriki
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina/UFSC, Araranguá, Brazil
| | - Ramon Bauer Cardoso
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina/UFSC, Araranguá, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Inácio Barbosa
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina/UFSC, Araranguá, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Assessment and Rehabilitation of Locomotor System, Federal University of Santa Catarina (LARAL/UFSC), Rua Pedro João Pereira, 150, Araranguá, Santa Catarina, 88905-120, Brazil.
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12
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Lee JH, Carpena NT, Kim S, Lee MY, Jung JY, Choi JE. Photobiomodulation at a wavelength of 633 nm leads to faster functional recovery than 804 nm after facial nerve injury. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202100159. [PMID: 34251083 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) of various wavelengths on regeneration of the facial nerve using in vitro and in vivo experimental models. We assessed the antioxidative effect of PBM in geniculate ganglion neurons irradiated with a diode laser at 633 nm, 780 nm and 804 nm. Wavelengths of 633 and 780 nm but not 804 nm inhibited cell death by oxidative stress. We assessed the effects of PBM on functional and morphologic recovery in rats divided into control, facial nerve damage (FND) and FND irradiated with a 633 nm or 804 nm lasers. Injured rats treated with 633-nm light had better facial palsy scores, larger axon diameter and higher expression of Schwann cells compared with the FND group. No positive results were observed in rats irradiated at 804-nm light. These findings indicate that 633-nm PBM promotes accelerated nerve regeneration and improved functional recovery in an injured facial nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hun Lee
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Nathaniel T Carpena
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Sehwan Kim
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jae Yun Jung
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Choi
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
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Nascimento JJAC, Machado ASD, Della-Santa GML, Fernandes DC, Ferreira MC, Machado GAP, Chaves BCG, Costa KB, Rocha-Vieira E, Oliveira MX, Gaiad TP, Santos AP. Effects of photobiomodulation therapy on functional recovery, angiogenesis and redox status in denervated muscle of rats. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2021; 19:eAO6001. [PMID: 34586157 PMCID: PMC8439560 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2021ao6001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy in redox status, angiogenesis marker – vascular endothelial growth factor – and in the functional recovery in denervated muscle. Methods: A total of 32 female Wistar rats underwent a crush injury and were randomly divided into four groups: Light Emitting Diode Group 2 and Control Group 2 (muscle collected 2 days after injury), and Light Emitting Diode Group 21 and Control Group 21 (muscle collected 21 days afterinjury). Light Emitting Diode Group 2 and Light Emitting Diode Group 21 received two and ten light emitting diode applications (630±20nm, 9J/cm2, 300mW), respectively, and the Control Group 2 and Control Group 21 did not receive any treatment. The function was evaluated by grasping test at four moments (pre-injury, 2, 10 and 21 post-injury days). The flexor digitorum muscle was collected for analysis of immunolocalization of vascular endothelial growth factor and redox parameters. Results: Functional improvement was observed at the second and tenth post-injury day in treated groups compared to control (p<0.005). The muscle tissue of treated groups presented higher immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. Photobiomodulation therapy decreased the oxidative damage to lipid in Light Emitting Diode Group 2 compared to Control Group 2 (p=0.023) in the denervated muscle. Conclusion: Photobiomodulation therapy accelerated the functional recovery, increased angiogenesis and reduced lipid peroxidation in the denervated muscle at 2 days after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karine Beatriz Costa
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Etel Rocha-Vieira
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Peixoto Gaiad
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Santos
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
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14
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Della Santa GML, Ferreira MC, Machado TPG, Oliveira MX, Santos AP. Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy (LED 630 nm) on Muscle and Nerve Histomorphometry after Axonotmesis. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1116-1122. [PMID: 33714216 DOI: 10.1111/php.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral injuries constitute a substantial clinical problem with unsatisfactory treatment. The study's objective was to analyze the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on median nerve regeneration and muscle recovery after axonotmesis. Twenty-four rats were randomized into three groups: control (CG), injury (IG), and LED therapy (LEDG). A 630 ± 20 nm (300-mW) LED was placed in contact with the skin. One point over the injury site was irradiated for 30 s, delivering 9 J (9 J cm-2 ). PBMT irradiation was performed once daily for 5 days followed by two-day interval and then more five consecutive days of treatment. Proximal and distal segments of the nerve and flexors muscles were removed for histomorphometric analysis using H&E staining for muscles and osmium tetroxide for nerves. The myelinated fiber and axon diameter and the myelin sheath thickness were greater in the proximal and distal nerve segments in the LEDG compared to the IG (P ≤ 0.05). The number of myelinated fibers was greater in the distal segment of the LEDG (P ≤ 0.05). The area, circumference, and diameter of the muscle fibers were larger in the LEDG than in the IG (P ≤ 0.05). The PBMT protocol used favored axonal regeneration and muscle recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Moura Lamas Della Santa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - Marcílio Coelho Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - Thaís Peixoto Gaiad Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - Murilo Xavier Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
| | - Ana Paula Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri/UFVJM, Diamantina, MG, Brasil
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Mazuqueli Pereira EDSB, Basting RT, Abdalla HB, Garcez AS, Napimoga MH, Clemente-Napimoga JT. Photobiomodulation inhibits inflammation in the temporomandibular joint of rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 222:112281. [PMID: 34388640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been applied as a non-invasive technique for treating temporomandibular joint symptoms, especially on painful condition's relief, however the anti-inflammatory mechanism underlying the effect of PBM remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the mechanisms of action of PBM (808 nm) in a carrageenan-induced inflammation on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of rats. In this study male Wistar rats were pre-treated with irradiation of a low-power diode laser for 15 s on TMJ (infra-red 808 nm, 100 mW, 50 J/cm2 and 1.5 J) 15 min prior an injection in the temporomandibular joint of carrageenan (100 μg/TMJ). 1 h after the TMJ treatments, the rats were terminally anesthetized for joint cavity wash and periarticular tissues collect. Samples analysis demonstrated that PBM inhibit leukocytes chemotaxis in the TMJ and significantly reduces amounts of TNF-α, IL-1β and CINC-1. In addition, Western blotting analysis demonstrated that PBM significantly decreased the protein levels of P2X3 and P2X7 receptors in the periarticular tissues. On the other hand, PBM was able to increase protein level of IL-10 (anti-inflammatory cytokine). In summary, it is possible to suggest that PBM inhibit inflammatory chemotaxis, modulation the balance of the pro- and anti-inflammatory characteristics of inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosanna Tarkany Basting
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research - Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Ballassini Abdalla
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research - Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Aguinaldo Silva Garcez
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research - Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Napimoga
- São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interface of Pain Research - Campinas, SP, Brazil
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16
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Alayat MSM, Basalamah MA, Elbarrany WGEAE, El Sawy NAM, Abdel-Kafy EM. Efficacy of multi-wave locked system laser therapy on nerve regeneration after crushing in Wister rats. J Phys Ther Sci 2021; 33:549-553. [PMID: 34219963 PMCID: PMC8245262 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.33.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To investigate the efficacy of the multi-wave locked system laser therapy on
the regeneration of peripheral nerve injuries by evaluating the functional,
electrophysiological, and morphological changes of the crushed sciatic nerve in Wistar
rats. [Materials and Methods] Sixty male Wistar rats (200–250 g) were randomly assigned to
control negative, control positive, or laser groups and subjected to no laser therapy or
crushing, to crushing without laser therapy, or crushing followed by multi-wave locked
system laser therapy five times/week for four weeks (power=1 W, energy
density=10 J/cm2, total energy=100 J), respectively. Functional,
electrophysiological, and morphometric analyses were performed before and 7, 15, 21, and
28 days after crushing. The sciatic functional index, compound motor action potential
amplitude, motor nerve conduction velocity, and nerve and myelin sheath diameters were
measured. [Results] The sciatic functional index value decreased significantly, while the
compound motor action potential amplitude, motor nerve conduction velocity, nerve
diameter, and myelin sheath diameter increased significantly in the laser group
post-treatment compared to the values in the control groups. [Conclusion] Multi-wave
locked system laser therapy was effective in accelerating the regeneration of crushed
sciatic nerves in Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Salaheldien Mohamed Alayat
- Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al-Qura University: 4888 Bathaa Qurish, Mecca, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Ehab Mohamed Abdel-Kafy
- Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al-Qura University: 4888 Bathaa Qurish, Mecca, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Santos GX, Barbosa D, de-Souza GG, Kosour C, Parizotto NA, Dos Reis LM. Central involvement of 5-HT1A receptors in antinociception induced by photobiomodulation in animal model of neuropathic pain. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:821-829. [PMID: 33890191 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03318-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the central involvement of 5-HT1A receptors in the nociceptive behavior of mice submitted to the chronic constriction injury (CCI) of sciatic nerve and the subsequent application of photobiomodulation (PBM). Male mice (Swiss-albino) were submitted to CCI and subsequently received an infusion of WAY100635 (5-HT1A receptor antagonist) or intracerebroventricular saline (ICV), followed by infrared laser irradiation (808 nm), in continuous mode, with the power of 100 mW and a dose of 0 J/cm2 (control group) or 50 J/cm2. The thermal hyperalgesia was evaluated by hot plate test, while mechanical allodynia was evaluated by von Frey filaments. After CCI, animals showed a reduction in the nociceptive threshold (p<0.001) when compared to the sham group. In von Frey test, the CCI + saline + PBM 50 J/cm2 group showed an increase in nociceptive threshold (p<0.001) in all measurement moments in comparison with groups CCI + SALINE + PBM 0 J/cm2, CCI + WAY100635 + PBM 50 J/cm2, and CCI + WAY100635 + PBM 0 J/cm2. Similarly, in hot plate test, CCI + SALINE + PBM 50 J/cm2 group showed an increase in nociceptive threshold after application of PBM at 120 and 180 min. Because of the results found, it can be suggested the involvement of 5-HT1A receptors in the central nervous system, since WAY100635 was able to reverse the antinociceptive effect provided by PBM in animals submitted to CCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danillo Barbosa
- State University of Midwest Paraná - Unicentro, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Kosour
- Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Maria Dos Reis
- Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, Brazil.,Physiotherapy Department, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil
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18
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Chang SY, Lee MY. Photobiomodulation with a wavelength > 800 nm induces morphological changes in stem cells within otic organoids and scala media of the cochlea. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:1917-1925. [PMID: 33604771 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03268-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a therapeutic approach to certain diseases based on light energy. Currently, stem cells (SCs) are being considered as putative treatments for previously untreatable diseases. One medical condition that could be treated using SCs is sensorineural hearing loss. Theoretically, if properly delivered and differentiated, SCs could replace lost hair cells in the cochlea. However, this is not currently possible due to the structural complexity and limited survival of SCs within the cochlea. PBM facilitates SC differentiation into other target cells in multiple lineages. Using light with a wavelength > 800 nm, which can penetrate the inner ear through the tympanic membrane, we assessed morphological changes of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) during "otic organoid" generation, and within the scala media (SM) of the cochlea, after light energy stimulation. We observed enhanced differentiation, which was confirmed by an increased number of otic vesicles and increased cell attachment inside the SM. These results suggest that > 800-nm light affected the morphology of mESCs within otic organoids and SM of the cochlea. Based on our results, light energy could be used to enhance otic sensory differentiation, despite the structural complexity of the inner ear and limited survival time of SCs within the cochleae. Additional studies to refine the light energy delivery technology and maximize the effect on otic differentiation are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Chang
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Zangari A, Micheli D, Galeazzi R, Tozzi A, Balzano V, Bellavia G, Caristo ME. Photons detected in the active nerve by photographic technique. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3022. [PMID: 33542392 PMCID: PMC7862265 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82622-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The nervous system is one of the most complex expressions of biological evolution. Its high performance mostly relies on the basic principle of the action potential, a sequential activation of local ionic currents along the neural fiber. The implications of this essentially electrical phenomenon subsequently emerged in a more comprehensive electromagnetic perspective of neurotransmission. Several studies focused on the possible role of photons in neural communication and provided evidence of the transfer of photons through myelinated axons. A hypothesis is that myelin sheath would behave as an optical waveguide, although the source of photons is controversial. In a previous work, we proposed a model describing how photons would arise at the node of Ranvier. In this study we experimentally detected photons in the node of Ranvier by Ag+ photoreduction measurement technique, during electrically induced nerve activity. Our results suggest that in association to the action potential a photonic radiation takes place in the node.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Zangari
- Pediatric Surgery and Urology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo Forlanini, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, 00152, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Micheli
- Wireless Access Engineering Department, TIM S.P.A., Via Oriolo Romano, 240, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Galeazzi
- Departement of Life and Environmental Science, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Antonio Tozzi
- UOC Fisica Sanitaria, Azienda USL Toscana Sud Est, via Senese 161, 58100, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Vittoria Balzano
- UOC Anatomy and Pathological Histology, Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo Forlanini, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, 00152, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Emiliana Caristo
- Centro Ricerche Sperimentali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
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20
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Andreo L, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Grenho L, Gomes PDS, Bussadori SK, Fernandes KPS, Fernandes MH. Effects of 660-nm and 780-nm Laser Therapy on ST88-14 Schwann Cells. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 97:198-204. [PMID: 32777098 DOI: 10.1111/php.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the comparative effects of red (660-nm) and near-infrared (780-nm) low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on viability, mitochondrial activity, morphology and gene expression of growth factors on Schwann cells (SC). ST88-14 cells were grown in RPMI 1640 with 10 mM of HEPES, 2 mM of glutamine, 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% antibiotic-antimycotic solution at 37°C in humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 . Cells were detached with trypsin and centrifugated at 231 g for 5 min at 10°C, and the pellet (8 × 104 cells/tube) was irradiated at the bottom of 50 ml polypropylene tube with a Twin-Laser system (660 and 780 nm, 40 mW, 1 mW cm-2 , 3.2 and 6.4 J, 80 and 160 J cm-2 with 80 and 160 s). After 1, 3 and 7 days, the analysis was performed. After irradiation, the SC increase mitochondrial activity, gene expression of the neural growth factors NGF and BDNF, and cell migration and increase the G2/M cells. SC showed neuronal morphology, normal F-actin cytoskeleton organization and positive labeling for S100. PBM increased metabolic activity, mitosis and gene expression when irradiated with red and infrared LLLT. An increase in cell migration was obtained when irradiated with infrared LLLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Andreo
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Liliana Grenho
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde/Rede de Química e Tecnologia, University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro de Sousa Gomes
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde/Rede de Química e Tecnologia, University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Helena Fernandes
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde/Rede de Química e Tecnologia, University of Porto (UP), Porto, Portugal
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21
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Neves M, Tavares ALF, Reginato A, Kakihata CMM, Bertolini GRF, Ribeiro LFC. Low-Level Laser Therapy in Different Wavelengths on the Tibialis Anterior Muscle of Wistar Rats After Nerve Compression Injury. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2020; 43:700-707. [PMID: 32896420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traumatic injuries are common and may promote disruption of neuromuscular communication, triggering phenomena that lead to nerve degeneration and affect muscle function. A laser accelerates tissue recovery; however, the parameters used are varied, making it difficult to compare studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy, at 660- and 830-nm wavelengths, on the tibialis anterior muscle of Wistar rats after sciatic nerve compression. METHODS Twenty animals were separated into 4 groups: control, sciatic nerve injury, lesion + 660-nm laser, and lesion + 830-nm laser. In the lesion groups, the right sciatic nerve was surgically exposed and compressed with hemostatic forceps for 30 seconds. After the third postoperative day, the groups with laser therapy were submitted to treatment for 2 weeks totaling 10 applications, performed directly on the surgical scar of the nerve injury. Grip strength was analyzed before and after the nerve injury and during the treatment period. The tibialis anterior muscle was processed for light microscopy, area measurement, smaller diameter, number of fibers, nuclei, and connective tissue. RESULTS The animals submitted to the injury experienced muscular atrophy and morphological changes in the number of muscle fibers and nuclei. In the connective tissue morphometry, there was a decrease in the treated groups compared with the untreated groups. CONCLUSION The laser treatment at different wavelengths showed no improvement in the tibialis anterior muscle of Wistar rats within the morphological and functional aspects evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgana Neves
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Health, State University of Western Paraná (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alana L F Tavares
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Health, State University of Western Paraná (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Aline Reginato
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Health, State University of Western Paraná (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Camila M M Kakihata
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Health, State University of Western Paraná (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gladson R F Bertolini
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Health, State University of Western Paraná (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Lucinéia F C Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Health, State University of Western Paraná (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
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Sasso LL, de Souza LG, Girasol CE, Marcolino AM, de Jesus Guirro RR, Barbosa RI. Photobiomodulation in Sciatic Nerve Crush Injuries in Rodents: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Perspectives for Clinical Treatment. J Lasers Med Sci 2020; 11:332-344. [PMID: 32802295 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2020.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective : The aim of the study was to perform a literature review to analyze the effect of photobiomodulation in experimental studies on peripheral nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve crush injury in rodents. Methods: A bibliographic search was performed in the electronic databases, including MEDLINE (PubMed), SCOPUS, and SciELO, from 2008 to 2018. Results: A total of 1912 articles were identified in the search, and only 19 fulfilled all the inclusion criteria. Along with the parameters most found in the manuscripts, the most used wavelengths were 660 nm and 830 nm, power of 30 and 40 mW, and energy density of 4 and 10 J/cm2 . For total energy throughout the intervention period, the lowest energy found with positive effects was 0.70 J, and the highest 1.141 J. Seventeen studies reported positive effects on nerve regeneration. The variables selected to analyze the effect were: Sciatic Functional Index (SFI), Static Sciatic Index (SSI), morphometric, morphological, histological, zymographic, electrophysiological, resistance mechanics and range of motion (ROM). The variety of parameters used in the studies demonstrated that there is yet no pre-determined protocol for treating peripheral nerve regeneration. Only two studies by different authors used the same power, energy density, beam area, and power density. Conclusion: It was concluded that the therapeutic window of the photobiomodulation presents a high variability of parameters with the wavelength (632.8 to 940 nm), power (5 to 170 mW) and energy density (3 to 280 J /cm2 ), promoting nerve regeneration through the expression of cytokines and growth factors that aid in modulating the inflammatory process, improving morphological aspects, restoring the functionality to the animals in a brief period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Lemes Sasso
- Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina/UFSC - Araranguá, Brazil
| | - Luana Gabriel de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina / UFSC - Araranguá, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Girasol
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, University of São Paulo/USP - Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Márcio Marcolino
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina / UFSC - Araranguá, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Inácio Barbosa
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina / UFSC - Araranguá, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, University of São Paulo/USP - Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Cho H, Jeon HJ, Park S, Park CS, Chung E. Neurite growth of trigeminal ganglion neurons in vitro with near-infrared light irradiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 210:111959. [PMID: 32739664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons play an essential role in the sensory nerves of the face. Damaged TG neurons resulting from the accidental and non-intentional nerve lesions, commonly identified as neuropathic pain, which is known to cause intense pain and sensory abnormalities. For the treatment, surgical methods are conducted when the pharmacological treatment fails to provide satisfactory recovery. However, the process of surgery or drug intake can burden the patient or cause side effects. One of the logical choices of study becomes photobiomodulation (PBM) referred to as therapeutic approaches based on the interactions of visible or near-infrared (NIR) photons with biomolecules inside cells or tissues. In this study, we constructed a PBM illumination setup to stimulate the cultured primary TG neurons and compared the growth morphology between the non-irradiated control group and irradiation group with NIR laser of 808 nm wavelength. In addition, we applied various radiant exposures of 1, 2, and 10 J/cm2 with different pulse frequencies of 1, 10, and 100 Hz. We found that PBM could promote neurite growth of TG neurons, and it works at relatively low energy densities at 1 and 2 J/cm2. The irradiation group in the pulsed wave mode with the frequency of 10 Hz was found to be the most effective when compared to other frequencies. Thus, PBM on TG neurons facilitated neuronal growth in vitro in a dose and frequency-dependent fashion. PBM may provide a potential therapeutic approach to treat damaged peripheral nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejoo Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonho Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Euiheon Chung
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Pelissari D, Ribeiro LDFC, Machado LGV, Neves M, Costa RM, Bertolini GRF. Comparação de diferentes comprimentos de onda do laser de baixa potência no sóleo de ratos Wistar após lesão nervosa. FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-2950/18019627022020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Os músculos esqueléticos podem ser afetados por lesões do sistema nervoso periférico, levando a fraqueza e atrofia muscular. Na tentativa de recuperar a funcionalidade dos músculos, existem vários recursos terapêuticos utilizados, dentre os quais o laser de baixa potência (LBP). Este estudo comparou o efeito do LBP em dois comprimentos de onda (660 nm e 830 nm), em características morfológicas do tecido muscular após axonotmese de nervos isquiáticos de ratos Wistar. Para tanto, foram utilizados 32 ratos Wistar, divididos em quatro grupos, sendo G1 (controle), G2 (lesão), G3 (lesão e tratamento com LBP de 660 nm) e G4 (lesão e tratamento com LBP de 830 nm). Os animais de G2, G3 e G4 foram submetidos à lesão do nervo isquiático e, três dias após a lesão, G3 e G4 realizaram tratamento com LBP de 660 nm e 830 nm, respectivamente. Após o tratamento, todos os animais foram eutanasiados e os músculos sóleos coletados para confecção das lâminas histológicas, visando a realização de análises morfológicas do tecido. Constatou-se que os animais submetidos à lesão sofreram alterações morfológicas na fibra, resultando em sua atrofia. Foi percebido também que o LBP com comprimento de onda de 830 nm apresentou ligeiros sinais de recuperação das características morfométricas analisadas.
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Andreo L, Ribeiro BG, Alves AN, Martinelli AS, Soldera CB, Horliana ACR, Bussadori SK, Fernandes KP, Mesquita‐Ferrari RA. Effects of Photobiomodulation with Low‐level Laser Therapy on Muscle Repair Following a Peripheral Nerve Injury in Wistar Rats. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:1124-1132. [DOI: 10.1111/php.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Andreo
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Beatriz G. Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Agnelo N. Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Andréia S.A. Martinelli
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Carla B. Soldera
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Anna Carolina R.T. Horliana
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Kristianne P.S. Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Raquel A. Mesquita‐Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
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Foo YH, Tunku Ahmad Yahaya TS, Chung TY, Silvanathan JP. Photobiomodulation After Neurotization (Oberlin Procedure) in Brachial Plexus Injury: A Randomized Control Trial. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:215-221. [PMID: 32301668 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) on nerve regeneration after neurotization with the Oberlin Procedure (ulnar fascicle to motor branch to biceps) to restore elbow flexion in patients with brachial plexus injury. Materials and methods: This prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted with 14 patients with high brachial plexus injury who underwent neurotization with the Oberlin Procedure to restore elbow flexion. The patients were randomly allocated to two groups of equal numbers: control group and PBM group. In this study, the PBM used has a wavelength of 808 nm, 50 mW power, continuous mode emission, 4 J/cm2 dosimetry, administered daily for 10 consecutive days, with an interval of 2 days (weekends). The outcome of surgery was assessed after 1, 2, 3, and 6 months. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test and chi-square test were utilized to compare the results between both groups. Results: After 3 months postoperatively, more patients in the PBM group had demonstrated signs of reinnervation and the mean muscle power was significantly higher in the PBM group. No adverse effects resulted from the administration of PBM. Conclusions: PBM is a treatment modality that can improve nerve regeneration after neurotization with the Oberlin Procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hui Foo
- Department of Orthopaedics and University of Malaya, Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Tze Yang Chung
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Malaya, Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Alayat MSM, Basalamah MA, Elbarrany WGEAE, El-Sawy NAM, Abdel-Kafy EM, El-Fiky AAR. Dose-dependent effect of the pulsed Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of crushed sciatic nerve in Wister rats: an experimental model. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 35:1989-1998. [PMID: 32193821 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-02999-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate the efficacy of three energy densities 4, 10, and 50 J/cm2 of pulsed Nd:YAG laser for the treatment of crushed sciatic nerve in Wister rats by evaluating changes in the sciatic functional index and the electrophysiology.A total of 180 Wistar rats were involved in the study. Rats were randomly assigned to five groups. Rats were subjected to the sciatic nerve crushing. Control negative (CONT-ve), which received no crushing; control positive (CONT+ve), which received crushing with no laser; and HILT-4, HILT-10, and HILT-50 groups, which received pulsed Nd:YAG laser (10 Hz, 360 mJ/cm2) with energy densities 4, 10, and 50 J/cm2, respectively. The SFI, the amilitude of compound motor action potential (CMAP) and sciatic motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) were measured before and after seven, 14, and 21 days after crushing. For the SFI and electrophysiological analysis, repeated measures ANOVA is used, followed by Bonferroni's repeated-measures test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. After one week, there was no significant difference in SFI, CMAP, and MNCV among the three laser groups with significant changes between them and CONT-ve and CONT+ve groups. There was a significant increase in either CMAP amplitude or MNCV after 14 days with significant decrease in the SFI after 21 days among all treatment groups. The pulsed Nd:YAG laser applied with energy densities 4, 10, and 50 J/cm2 significantly decreased the SFI and increased the CMAP and MNCV of the crushed sciatic nerve in Wister rats. Among laser doses, the difference in the rate of recovery in the electrophysiology was found after two weeks while in the SFI after three weeks. The improvement after the nerve injury was time and dose dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ehab Mohamed Abdel-Kafy
- Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Abdel-Raouf El-Fiky
- Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
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28
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Malanotte JA, Ribeiro LDFC, Peretti AL, Kakihata CMM, Potulsky A, Guimarães ATB, Bertolini GRF, Nassar PO, Nassar CA. Low-Level Laser Effect on Peripheral Sciatic Regeneration Under the Systemic Inflammatory Condition of Periodontal Disease. J Lasers Med Sci 2020; 11:56-64. [PMID: 32099628 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2020.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontal disease (PD) is an inflammatory condition, which leads to tooth loss and promotes a systemic inflammatory state that can aggravate the nerve degeneration. As laser therapy may stimulate regeneration, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the low-level laser (LLL) on peripheral nerve regeneration under the systemic inflammatory condition of PD. Methods: Thirry-two male rats were used, distributed in 4 groups: nerve injury (NIG); periodontal disease with nerve injury (PDNI); nerve injury and treatment (TNIG); periodontal disease with nerve injury and treatment (PDNIT). On the 7th day of the experiment, the animals had ligatures placed around the lower first molars. On the 22nd day, they underwent peripheral nerve damage, and on the 25th day, the LLL treatment was initiated, performed for two weeks. The sciatic functional index (SFI) was evaluated with subsequent euthanasia of all the animals on the 37th day of the experiment. The sciatic nerve was collected for morphological and oxidative stress analysis and the hemi jaws for radiographic analysis. Results: Regarding the SFI, there was no difference among the groups in the first evaluation (EV) pre-injury; as for theEV2, after injury, all the groups presented a decrease in these values, which remained in post-treatment. For the morphology of the PDNI, nerve tissue presented larger diameter fibers, whereas, for NIT and PDNIT, fibers had smaller diameters with endoneurial organization. When it comes to the antioxidant system, there was an increase in protein concentration, higher superoxide activity, and decreased glutathione transferase activity in the treated groups. Catalase and cholinesterase did not differ between the groups, and lipoperoxidation (LPO) increased in the PD groups. For the mandible radiographic analysis, it was possible to verify the induction of PD. Conclusion: As for the used parameters, the low-level laser was not effective in increasing the nociceptive threshold, but it contributed to the regeneration of nerve fibers, although the inflammation was still present in the site. However, the treatment was effective in protecting cells against oxidative damage due to increased SOD and increased protein, although the decrease in GST demonstrates the inhibition of this stage of the antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Luiza Peretti
- Biosciences and Health, Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, Brazil
| | | | - Andrey Potulsky
- Agroecology and Sustainable Rural Development, Federal University of Southern Border - UFFS, Laranjeiras do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carlos Augusto Nassar
- Biosciences and Health, Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, Brazil
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Yuca Y, Yucesoy T, Tok OE, Alkan A. The efficiency of ozone therapy and low-level laser therapy in rat facial nerve injury. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2020; 48:308-314. [PMID: 32063482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Comparison of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and ozone therapy (OT) methods for the treatment of facial nerve injury (FNI) in rats, evaluated by histomorphometric measurement analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty rats were randomly divided into control (C), LLLT, and OT groups. The left facial nerves (FNs) of all rats (n = 30) were used in this study. These were held in a surgical clamp for 30 s to create neuropathic damage. The non-injured right FNs of the rats in the control group formed the fourth, sham (S) group in this study (n = 10). Therefore the total number of evaluated samples was 40. The injured FNs of rats in the control group were left to heal spontaneously, whereas LLLT was applied for 21 consecutive days (output 100 mW/cm2 and wavelength 850 nm) and OT (2 ml; 80 μm/ml) once every 2 days for 21 days. RESULTS After histomorphological evaluation, the OT group revealed statistically significant outcomes following FNI compared with the OT and control groups in terms of branching of nerve fibers (p = 0.003), nerve fiber diameters (p = 0.0398), nerve fiber areas (p = 0.042), and axon numbers (p = 0.0327). Although the LLLT group revealed a better healing process than the control group, the outcome was not statistically significant in terms of branching of nerve fibers (p = 0.6804), nerve fiber diameters (p = 0.7424), nerve fiber areas (p = 0.7048), and axon numbers (p = 0.7588). CONCLUSIONS OT resulted in statistically significant differences in outcome when compared with the LLLT and control groups, and provided a safe and effective treatment for FNI in rats. OT could therefore be considered as an alternative treatment of FNI. Clinical studies should now be performed to establish whether comparable results can be achieved in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Yuca
- Private Dental Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Turker Yucesoy
- Bezmialem Vakif University Dentistry Faculty, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Olgu Enis Tok
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medipol University Medical Faculty, Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center, Kavacik, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Alper Alkan
- Bezmialem Vakif University Dentistry Faculty, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Photobiomodulation therapy for management of inferior alveolar nerve injury post-extraction of impacted lower third molars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 4:25-32. [PMID: 33907707 DOI: 10.1007/s41547-019-00075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury is one of the most serious complications after extraction of impacted lower third molars. Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy has been noted to reduce pain and inflammation while promoting tissue healing. This study examined the efficacy of PBM therapy tested in a case series of patients with postoperative IAN injury. Material and methods 20 patients with post-extraction IAN injury were involved in this study and divided into two groups. In the study group, PBM therapy (808-nm laser, 16 mW, 3 J/cm2) was used every other day for 2 weeks solely on post-extraction sockets in 10 patients diagnosed with IAN injury. In the control group, mecobalamine was prescribed to 10 patients with IAN injury. Objective and subjective recovery of IAN paresthesia was evaluated using clinical neurosensory testing and visual analog score. Results All patients showed improvement in both objective and subjective examination. Notably, the visual analog score was significantly improved after PBM treatment compared to the mecobalamine treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion PBM therapy with 808-nm laser appears to be an effective approach to manage paresthesia post-IAN injury following impacted third molar surgery. Given the limited sample size in this study, large-scale, placebo-controlled, multi-center randomized controlled trials are needed for further validation of this innovative treatment.
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31
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Comparative effects of photobiomodulation therapy at wavelengths of 660 and 808 nm on regeneration of inferior alveolar nerve in rats following crush injury. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:413-420. [PMID: 31273571 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02838-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of 660-nm and 880-nm photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) following inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) crush injury. Following the nerve crush injuries of IAN, 36 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups as follows: (1) control, (2) 660-nm PBMT, and (3) 808-nm PBMT (GaAlAs laser, 100 J/cm2, 70 mW, 0.028-cm2 beam). PBMT was started immediately after surgery and performed once every 3 days during the postoperative period. At the end of the 30-day treatment period, histopathological and histomorphometric evaluations of tissue sections were made under a light and electron microscope. The ratio of the inner axonal diameter to the total outer axonal diameter (g-ratio) and the number of axons per square micrometer were evaluated. In the 808-nm PBMT group, the number of nerve fibers with suboptimal g-ratio ranges of 0-0.49 (p < 0.001) is significantly lower than expected, which indicates better rate of myelinization in the 808-nm PBMT group. The number of axons per square micrometer was significantly higher in the 808-nm PBMT group when compared with the control (p < 0.001) and 660-nm PBMT group (p = 0.010). The data and the histopathological investigations suggest that the PBMT with the 808-nm wavelength along with its settings was able to enhance IAN regeneration after nerve crush injury.
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Al-Shammari AM, Syhood Y, Al-Khafaji AS. Use of low-power He-Ne laser therapy to accelerate regeneration processes of injured sciatic nerve in rabbit. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2019; 55:1. [PMID: 30679899 PMCID: PMC6320753 DOI: 10.1186/s41983-018-0047-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Photostimulation using low-power laser had been used for nervous repair with interesting results. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of 20 mW low-power He-Ne laser on the regeneration of a peripheral sciatic nerve after trauma using the Albino rabbit as an animal model for experimental treatment. Methods Six adult male rabbits were randomly assigned into two equal groups (control- and laser-treated). General anesthesia was administered intramuscularly, and exploration of the sciatic nerve was done in the lateral aspect of the legs. Complete longitudinal and reverse sections of the nerve were performed, which was followed by crushing of the neural sheath. Treatment was carried out directly after the trauma. Irradiation doses of low-level laser therapy (LLLT-31.5 J/cm2) with once a day application for 10 consecutive days and observed for 30 days. The animals were followed up for an extra 2 weeks. Two important factors were examined histopathology and functionality of the nerve. Results Compared to the control group, significant variations in regeneration were observed, including thicker nerve fibers, and more regular myelin layers in the treated group. Conclusions The results of the present study suggest that laser therapy may be a viable approach for nerve regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Majeed Al-Shammari
- 1Experimental Therapy Department, Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical Genetic Research, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 1001 Iraq
| | - Yahya Syhood
- 1Experimental Therapy Department, Iraqi Center for Cancer and Medical Genetic Research, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 1001 Iraq
| | - Ahmed S Al-Khafaji
- 2Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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Andreo L, Soldera CA, Ribeiro BG, Matos PRV, Sousa PB, Amorim WW, Horliana ACRT, Bussadori SK, Fernandes KPS, Mesquita‐Ferrari RA. Effects of Photobiomodulation on Functionality in Wistar Rats with Sciatic Nerve Injury. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 95:879-885. [DOI: 10.1111/php.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Andreo
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Carla A. Soldera
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences UNINOVE São Paulo SP Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences UNINOVE São Paulo SP Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Agnelli Mesquita‐Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) São Paulo SP Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences UNINOVE São Paulo SP Brazil
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Kemper KJ. “Let there be light.” Research on phototherapy, light therapy, and photobiomodulation for healing – Alternative therapy becomes mainstream. Complement Ther Med 2018; 41:A1-A6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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de Almeida Melo Maciel Mangueira M, Maciel Mangueira N, Pereira Gama Filho O, Moysés de Oliveira M, Albuquerque Heluy R, Silveira L, Caparelli Moniz de Aragão Dáquer E. Biochemical changes in injured sciatic nerve of rats after low-level laser therapy (660 nm and 808 nm) evaluated by Raman spectroscopy. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 34:525-535. [PMID: 30244400 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2627-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify biochemical changes in sciatic nerve (SN) after crush injury and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with 660 nm and 808 nm by Raman spectroscopy (RS) analysis. A number of 32 Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups (control 1, control 2, LASER 660 nm, and LASER 808 nm). All animals underwent surgical procedure of the SN and groups control 2, LASER 660 nm, and LASER 808 nm were submitted to SN crush damage (axonotmesis). The LLLT in the groups LASER 660 nm and LASER 808 nm was applied daily for 21 consecutive days (100 mW, 30 s, 133 J/cm2 fluence). The hind paw was removed and the SN was dissected and positioned on an aluminum support to collect dispersive Raman spectra (830 nm excitation, 30 s accumulation). To estimate the biochemical changes in the SN associated with LLLT, the principal component analysis (PCA) was applied. The Raman spectra of the sciatic nerve fragments showed peaks of the major biochemical components of the nerve, especially sphingolipids, phospholipids, glycoproteins, and collagen. The spectral features identified in some of the principal component loading vectors are referred to the biochemical elements present on the SN and were increased in the groups treated with LLLT, mainly lipids (sphingo and phospholipids) and proteins (collagen)-constituents of the myelin sheath. The RS was effective in identifying the biochemical differences in the SN after the crush injury, and LASER 660 nm was more efficient than the LASER 808 nm in cell proliferation and repair of the injured SN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nilton Maciel Mangueira
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, 65080-805, Brazil.
| | - Ozimo Pereira Gama Filho
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Márcio Moysés de Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Renato Albuquerque Heluy
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís, Maranhão, 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Landulfo Silveira
- Center for Innovation, Technology and Education - CITE, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi - UAM, Parque Tecnológico de São José dos Campos, Estrada Dr. Altino Bondensan, 500, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12247-016, Brazil
| | - Egas Caparelli Moniz de Aragão Dáquer
- Physiological Sciences Department, Roberto Alcântara Gomes Biology Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Avenida Professor Manuel de Abreu, 444/ 5° andar, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-170, Brazil
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Sanchez AD, Andrade ALMD, Parizotto NA. Eficácia da terapia a laser de baixa intensidade no controle da dor neuropática em camundongos. FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-2950/16557525012018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO A terapia a laser de baixa intensidade (LLLT) vem sendo amplamente discutida na literatura como forma alternativa de tratamento para diversos tipos de dor, com destaque para a neuropática. Essa terapia sobressai pelo fato de não ser invasiva, raramente causar efeitos colaterais e ser de baixo custo. Em contrapartida, para sua eficácia, é necessário o detalhamento dos parâmetros, que ainda são muito discrepantes na literatura. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o efeito da LLLT, na faixa do infravermelho, com fluência de 30J/cm², no controle da dor neuropática em modelo animal. Foram utilizados 24 camundongos da cepa suíço albino, machos, pesando 2530 gramas, divididos em três grupos: Grupo Placebo (GP), Grupo Laser (GL30) e Grupo Sham (GS). A indução da neuropatia foi feita através do modelo de constrição crônica do nervo isquiático (CCI), e o tratamento da LLLT realizou-se da seguinte maneira: GP com o laser com fluência de 0J/cm2, GL30 tratado com fluência de 30J/cm2, e GS com simulação de cirurgia sem intervenção. Executaram-se as irradiações 3 vezes por semana, durante 90 dias, no ponto de compressão do nervo, utilizando-se a técnica de contato. A fins de avaliação, foram utilizados o teste da placa quente, para hiperalgesia térmica, e o Teste de Randall-Selitto para hiperalgesia mecânica. Nos resultados do GP, observamos que não houve melhora significativa nos dias após a cirurgia em nenhum dos testes realizados e, no GL30, observou-se uma melhora expressiva em ambos os testes a partir do 30º dia de tratamento para o teste de Placa Quente e a partir do 45º para o Randall-Selitto, em que os camundongos apresentaram restauração total da sensibilidade. Concluímos, pois, que a utilização de LLLT com fluência de 30J/cm2 no tratamento da dor neuropática em modelo animal é eficaz.
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