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Das A, Dasgupta R. A case of Klebsiella pneumoniae hypervirulent phenotype causing necrotizing fasciitis of chest wall: A mono-microbial entity emerging in the Indian subcontinent. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:376-378. [PMID: 35309676 PMCID: PMC8930121 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1023_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing fasciitis of the chest wall or upper torso is a rare clinical entity. Monomicrobial Klebsiella pneumoniae as a causative agent of necrotizing fasciitis is far less common than the polymicrobial etiology. Here, we report a case of community-onset pyogenic necrotizing fasciitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae in an immunocompetent male of tribal background from the rural area of Jharkhand, India. The hypermucoviscous phenotype of the bacterium causing necrotizing fasciitis has been infrequently reported from the Indian subcontinent to date. The existence of multidrug resistant trait in the hypervirulent pathotype poses a unique challenge in treatment in such a case and emerges as a critical community health problem requiring prompt attention of the public health stakeholders. Thus, there is a need for widespread awareness for proper protocols in antimicrobial usage, infection control, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment.
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Yu WY, Zhu KJ, Li QP, Lou C, He DW. Successful medical drainage and surgical treatment for vertebral osteomyelitis and bilateral psoas abscess with gas formation caused by klebsiella pneumoniae in a diabetic patient. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2019; 65:678-681. [PMID: 31166445 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.65.5.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We describe the case of a diabetic patient who developed vertebral osteomyelitis and bilateral psoas abscess with gas formation due to klebsiella pneumoniae. METHODS A 64-year-old woman with a 4-year history of type-2 diabetes mellitus was admitted to the Emergency Department. The subject had a 2-day history of high-grade fever associated with chills and a 5-hour history of consciousness. She received empirical treatment with febrifuge, after which her fever decreased. RESULTS Her fever recurred after an interval of three hours. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed vertebral osteomyelitis and bilateral psoas muscle abscess with gas formation. Blood culture and purulent fluid described the growth of the Klebsiella pneumoniae. The patient received antibiotic therapy and bilateral drainage therapy after the drainage catheter was placed into the abscess cavity by CT-guidance. Due to the serious damage to the vertebral column and permanent pain, the patient underwent minimally invasive internal spinal fixation and recovered successfully. CONCLUSION A case of vertebral osteomyelitis and bilateral psoas abscess with gas formation caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae in a diabetic patient. Antibiotic therapy, drainage, and minimally invasive internal spinal fixation were performed, which enabled a good outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yang Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Jun Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, P.R. China
| | - Qiao-Ping Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Lou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, P.R. China
| | - Deng-Wei He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhejiang University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, P.R. China
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Rahim G, Gupta N, Maheshwari P, Singh M. Monomicrobial Klebsiella pneumoniae necrotizing fasciitis: an emerging life-threatening entity. Clin Microbiol Infect 2019; 25:316-323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Zhao J, Chen J, Zhao M, Qiu X, Chen X, Zhang W, Sun R, Ogutu JO, Zhang F. Multilocus Sequence Types and Virulence Determinants of Hypermucoviscosity-Positive Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Community-Acquired Infection Cases in Harbin, North China. Jpn J Infect Dis 2016; 69:357-60. [PMID: 26743146 DOI: 10.7883/yoken.jjid.2015.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the molecular epidemiologic characteristics and virulence of hypermucoviscosity-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae in mainland China. We detected 16 hypermucoviscosity-positive strains in 65 total clinical isolates (24.62%). We found that 68.75% (11/16) of the positive strains had K2 genotype and carried the rmpA and iucA genes. Multilocus sequence typing revealed 5 sequence types (STs): ST65 [7], ST23 [4], ST86 [3], ST412 [1], ST375 [1], whereas the remaining 4 isolates were defined as other STs. The order of the median lethal dose values for the ST types was ST23 (2.19 × 10(3) CFU/mouse) < ST86 (1.70 × 10(4) CFU/mouse) < ST65 (5.05 × 10(7) CFU/mouse) < the other STs (1.90 × 10(8) CFU/mouse). In conclusion, the K2 with ST65 carrying rmpA and iucA was the most predominant among the hypermucoviscosity-positive K. pneumoniae strains obtained from community-acquired infection cases in Harbin, North China. Sequence types are a valuable tool to predict the risk of K. pneumoniae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizi Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University
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Tsai YH, Shen SH, Yang TY, Chen PH, Huang KC, Lee MS. Monomicrobial Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Aeromonas hydrophila and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Med Princ Pract 2015; 24:416-23. [PMID: 26066555 PMCID: PMC5588256 DOI: 10.1159/000431094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare specific characteristics and clinical outcomes of monomicrobial necrotizing fasciitis caused by Aeromonashydrophila and Klebsiella pneumoniae. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cases of monomicrobial necrotizing fasciitis caused by A. hydrophila (n = 11) and K. pneumoniae (n = 7) over an 8-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Differences in mortality, patient characteristics, clinical presentations, and laboratory data were compared between the A. hydrophila and the K. pneumoniae groups. RESULTS The clinical signs and symptoms at the time of presentation did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) between the two groups. The A. hydrophila group had a significantly shorter interval between contact and admission (1.55 ± 0.52 vs. 5.14 ± 2.12 days, p < 0.001) and significant lower total white blood cell counts (10,245 ± 5,828 vs. 19,014 ± 11,370 cells/mm(3), p < 0.045) than the K. pneumoniae group in the emergency room. Hepatic dysfunction was associated with mortality in patients with A. hydrophila infection, while diabetes mellitus was associated with mortality in patients with K. pneumoniae infection. Overall, 5 (45.5%) patients in the A. hydrophila group and 3 (42.8%) in the K. pneumoniae group died. CONCLUSION The initial clinical course of A. hydrophila monomicrobial necrotizing fasciitis was characterized by more rapidly progressive disease than that of the K. pneumoniae infection. Patients with hepatic dysfunction and necrotizing fasciitis should be suspected of having A. hydrophila infection, and diabetic patients with necrotizing fasciitis should be suspected of having K. pneumoniae infection initially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Hung Tsai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Taiwan, ROC
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
- *Yao-Hung Tsai, MD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 6, West Sec, Chia-Pu Road, Puzi City, Cha-I 613 Taiwan (ROC), E-Mail
| | - Shih-Hsun Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Taiwan, ROC
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tien-Yu Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Han Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo-Chin Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Taiwan, ROC
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mel S. Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi City, Taiwan, ROC
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
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Ng D, Frazee B. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Filipino female in North America. West J Emerg Med 2014; 16:165-8. [PMID: 25671032 PMCID: PMC4307707 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2014.11.23599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae has been described in Southeast Asia, but has only recently begun to emerge in North America. The hypermucoviscous strain of K. pneumoniae is a particularly virulent strain known to cause devastatingly invasive infections, including necrotizing fasciitis. Here we present the first known case of necrotizing fasciitis caused by hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ng
- Highland Hospital - Alameda Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, California
| | - Brad Frazee
- Highland Hospital - Alameda Health System, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oakland, California
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Shon AS, Bajwa RPS, Russo TA. Hypervirulent (hypermucoviscous) Klebsiella pneumoniae: a new and dangerous breed. Virulence 2013; 4:107-18. [PMID: 23302790 PMCID: PMC3654609 DOI: 10.4161/viru.22718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 742] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new hypervirulent (hypermucoviscous) variant of Klebsiella pneumoniae has emerged. First described in the Asian Pacific Rim, it now increasingly recognized in Western countries. Defining clinical features are the ability to cause serious, life-threatening community-acquired infection in younger healthy hosts, including liver abscess, pneumonia, meningitis and endophthalmitis and the ability to metastatically spread, an unusual feature for enteric Gram-negative bacilli in the non-immunocompromised. Despite infecting a healthier population, significant morbidity and mortality occurs. Although epidemiologic features are still being defined, colonization, particularly intestinal colonization, appears to be a critical step leading to infection. However the route of entry remains unclear. The majority of cases described to date are in Asians, raising the issue of a genetic predisposition vs. geospecific strain acquisition. The traits that enhance its virulence when compared with “classical” K. pneumoniae are the ability to more efficiently acquire iron and perhaps an increase in capsule production, which confers the hypermucoviscous phenotype. An objective diagnostic test suitable for routine use in the clinical microbiology laboratory is needed. If/when these strains become increasingly resistant to antimicrobials, we will be faced with a frightening clinical scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa S Shon
- Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo-State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Suzuki K, Nakamura A, Enokiya T, Iwashita Y, Tomatsu E, Muraki Y, Kaneko T, Okuda M, Katayama N, Imai H. Septic arthritis subsequent to urosepsis caused by hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae. Intern Med 2013; 52:1641-5. [PMID: 23857101 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.52.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein report the first case of septic arthritis caused by rmpA-positive hypermucoviscous community-acquired K. pneumoniae that followed urosepsis in a 65-year-old Japanese woman. The patient responded well to drainage of the abscesses and treatment with cefazolin. Although this virulent phenotype of K. pneumoniae has been primarily reported in Hong Kong, we confirmed that 18/50 isolates obtained in our hospital over the past five years displayed the hypermucoviscous phenotype. Therefore, clinicians should consider the possibility of an increasing prevalence of rmpA-positive hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae infection in Japan and be particularly vigilant for invasive clinical manifestations, even in patients with urinary tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Suzuki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
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