1
|
Zerrad C, Lkhider M, Bouqdayr M, Belkouchi A, Badre W, Tahiri M, Pineau P, Benjelloun S, Ezzikouri S. NOD1 and NOD2 genetic variants: Impact on hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility and progression in Moroccan population. Gene 2024:148847. [PMID: 39147112 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) and NOD2 are involved in carcinogenic processes by recognizing bacterial cell wall components and triggering inflammation. This study explored the association between genetic variations in NOD1 and NOD2 and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its progression in a Moroccan population. METHODS Genotyping of NOD1 rs2075820 (C>T) and NOD2 rs718226 (A>G) was performed using the TaqMan allelic discrimination assay in 467 Moroccan individuals. The cohort included 156 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 155 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) diagnosed with HBV, HCV, or MASLD, and 156 controls. RESULTS The NOD1 rs2075820 variant showed no association with HCC susceptibility or progression, which is consistent with in silico predictions. However, the NOD2 rs718226 G allele and GG genotype were more common in the HCC group compared to the cirrhosis and control groups. Individuals with the homozygous G variant had a 2-fold higher risk for HCC (ORad = 2.12; CI=1.01-4.44; Pad = 0.04). Those with the GG genotype also had an increased risk of HCC (GG vs. AG+AA ORad = 2.28; CI=1.15-4.54; Pad = 0.016). Furthermore, GG genotype carriers had a significantly higher risk of HCC progression (ORad = 2.58; CI=1.26-5.31; Pad = 0.031). Individuals with the rs718226 minor allele had a significantly elevated risk of progressing from LC to HCC (ORad = 1.50; CI=1.07-2.09; Pad = 0.016). Stratification analysis indicated that men had a higher risk of HCC progression compared to women (ORad = 4.63; CI=1.53-14.00 vs. ORad = 2.73; CI=1.05-7.09). CONCLUSION The NOD1 rs2075820 polymorphism does not appear to be a genetic risk factor for susceptibility to HCC. In contrast, the non-coding NOD2 rs718226 variant significantly increases HCC susceptibility and promotes liver cancer progression in the Moroccan population. Further studies involving larger cohorts are warranted to definitively confirm or refute the effects of NOD1 and NOD2 genetic variants on liver cancer susceptibility and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaimaa Zerrad
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco; Laboratoire de Virologie, Oncologie, Biosciences, Environnement et Énergies Nouvelles, Hassan II, Casablanca Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Mustapha Lkhider
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Oncologie, Biosciences, Environnement et Énergies Nouvelles, Hassan II, Casablanca Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Meryem Bouqdayr
- Virology Unit, Immunovirology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Wafaa Badre
- Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Tahiri
- Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco; Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Pascal Pineau
- Unité "Organisation Nucléaire et Oncogenèse", INSERM U993, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Soumaya Benjelloun
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Sayeh Ezzikouri
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Barreyro FJ, Maiorana F, Caronia MV, Elizondo K, Schneider A, Zapata PD. Association between genetic polymorphisms of NOD1, Interleukin-1B, and cagA strain with low-grade duodenal eosinophilia in Helicobacter pylori-related dyspepsia. Helicobacter 2023; 28:e13002. [PMID: 37350445 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a multifactorial disorder. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-related dyspepsia (HpD) may be considered a separate entity. Duodenal eosinophilia is a potential pathogenic mechanism in FD. However, the impact of duodenal eosinophilia and host genetic polymorphism of innate and pro-inflammatory cascade, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD-1), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in HpD was not explored. AIM To evaluate the association of NOD1-796G>A and IL-1B-511C>T gene variants and low-grade duodenal eosinophilia in HpD. METHODS A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 253 patients who met Rome-IV criteria were selected before upper endoscopy and 98 patients were included after unremarkable upper endoscopy and positive H. pylori in gastric biopsies were assessed. Clinical parameters, H. pylori cagA and duodenal histology, were evaluated. RESULTS Sixty-four (65%) patients had epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), 24 (25%) postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), and 10 (10%) EPS/PDS overlap. FD subtypes were not associated with NOD1-796G>A and IL-1B-511C>T gene variants. Low-grade duodenal eosinophilia was significantly increased in NOD1-796 GG versus single A-allele, but not in IL-1B-511 single T-allele or CC-allele. This association is dependent of cagA infection, since harboring cagA strain was significantly associated with low-grade duodenal eosinophilia with isolated variants NOD1-796 GG and IL-1B-511 single T-allele, but not without cagA. When we performed combined polymorphism analysis with NOD1-796 GG/IL-1B-511 single T-allele, a synergistic effect on low-grade duodenal eosinophilia was found between these two loci irrespective of cagA strain status in HpD. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that low-grade duodenal eosinophilia is significantly associated with NOD1-796 GG allele specially in cagA strain and with allelic combination NOD1-796 GG/IL-1B-511 single T-allele independent of cagA strain infection in HpD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Javier Barreyro
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular (BIOTECMOL)., Instituto de Biotecnología de Misiones "Dra. Maria Ebbe Reca" (InBioMis). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Argentina
- CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Facundo Maiorana
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular (BIOTECMOL)., Instituto de Biotecnología de Misiones "Dra. Maria Ebbe Reca" (InBioMis). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Argentina
| | - Maria Virginia Caronia
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular (BIOTECMOL)., Instituto de Biotecnología de Misiones "Dra. Maria Ebbe Reca" (InBioMis). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Argentina
| | - Karina Elizondo
- Instituto Universitario en Ciencias de la Salud, Fundación HA Barceló, Santo Tomé, Argentina
| | - Adolfo Schneider
- Instituto Universitario en Ciencias de la Salud, Fundación HA Barceló, Santo Tomé, Argentina
| | - Pedro Darío Zapata
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular (BIOTECMOL)., Instituto de Biotecnología de Misiones "Dra. Maria Ebbe Reca" (InBioMis). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Argentina
- CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fayadh Sameer A, Hassan Barraj A, Jamaal Mahmood H. NOD1/CARD4(G796A) and NOD2/CARD15(R702W, G908R and L1007fsinC) polymorphisms associated with Crohn's disease in Iraqi patients. BIONATURA 2022. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2022.07.03.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) applies to two main forms of chronic relapsing inflammatory intestinal disorders: Crohn's disease (CD), Ulcerative colitis (UC). CD requires an irregular immune reaction that induces intense inflammation. The cause of CD disease is not yet fully known; previous research, however, indicated inflammation of the intestines elevated or continues due to inappropriate immune responses due to associations between genetic factors, intestinal microbiota, and environmental factors contributing to the production of IBD. This study aimed to investigate predisposing genes, single nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15) with CD in Iraqi patients. The common NOD1 (G796A) SNP and NOD2 SNPs R702W, G908R and L1007fsinC for NOD2 SNPs were selected. Thirty Iraqi citizens with a recognized diagnosis of CD and twenty apparently healthy controls were included in the study from November 2019 to December 2020; the common NOD1 and NOD2 polymorphisms have been screened by the polymerase chain reaction/restriction analysis length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP). The results of the current investigation for NOD1 polymorphism in studied patients and controls, the allelic and genotypic data show a highly significant association of G796A SNPs in the NOD1 with Crohn's disease, GA percentage was 56.67% in patients as compared to controls genotype was (0.00%).
Furthermore, the G allele was more common in Crohn's patients than the A allele 0.72 vs. 0.28. Also, the allelic and genotypic frequency distribution of the studied NOD2 SNPs in the current study were (R702W, G908R, and L1007fs) in Iraqi patients, and controls revealed a highly significant connection between the G908R SNP with Crohn's disease susceptibility. The proportion of the genotype GC was 30% in patients while 0% in the control group, the frequency of the G allele was 0.85 vs 0.15 respectively, which was more than the frequency of the A allele. There were no significant changes in genotypic and allelic frequencies of the R702W and L1007fs SNPs in Iraqi Crohn's disease patients. The present study concluded that the NOD1 SNP of allelic and genotypic data show a highly significant association of G796A with a predisposition to Crohn's disease in Iraqi patients. And the NOD2 SNPs of G908R were also revealed to be highly effective. While the other studied SNPs were R702W and L1007fsinsC of NOD2, which showed no significant changes in the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the SNPs with Crohn's disease Iraqi patients.
Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, NOD1/CARD4, NOD2/CARD15, polymorphisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hayder Jamaal Mahmood
- Gastroenterologist and Hepatologist, Gastrointestinal of the hospital, City of medicine
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hayat S, Asad A, Hasan I, Jahan I, Papri N, Howlader ZH, Islam Z. Nucleotide oligomerization domain polymorphism confers no risk to Guillain-Barré syndrome. Acta Neurol Scand 2022; 146:177-185. [PMID: 35652365 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD) proteins are cytoplasmic receptors that play important roles in host innate immune responses to pathogens by recognizing self or non-self-molecules and have been implicated in many autoimmune diseases including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The current study investigated whether NOD polymorphisms (NOD1-Glu266Lys, rs2075820, and NOD2- [Arg702Trp, rs2066844 and Gly908Arg, rs2066845]) contribute to ligand sensing and thus affect the susceptibility and/or severity of GBS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We determined single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NOD gene (NOD1-Glu266Lys and NOD2-[Arg702Trp; Gly908Ar]) in 303 patients with GBS and 303 healthy controls from Bangladesh by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and Sanger sequencing. Genotypes and allele frequencies were compared by performing chi-squared or Fisher's exact test with Yates' continuity correction. Serology for Campylobacter jejuni and anti-GM1 antibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. RESULTS NOD variants (NOD1-Glu266Lys and NOD2- [Arg702Trp; Gly908Arg]) were not associated with susceptibility and severity of GBS when compared with healthy controls and mild or severe form of disease. Moreover, NOD2 polymorphisms showed wild-type NOD2 C2104 and NOD2 G2722, respectively, with homozygous Arg/Arg genotype of NOD2 (Arg702Trp) polymorphism and homozygous Gly/Gly genotype of NOD2 (Gly908Arg) for all study subjects in Bangladesh. Homogenous distribution of NOD1 genotypes was observed in patients with axonal and demyelinating form of GBS. CONCLUSIONS NOD variants confer no risk to the susceptibility and severity of GBS. Moreover, NOD2 polymorphism is rare or absent in patients with GBS as well as in the healthy individuals of Bangladesh.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoma Hayat
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain Signaling Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Asaduzzaman Asad
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain Signaling Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Imran Hasan
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain Signaling Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Israt Jahan
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain Signaling Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Nowshin Papri
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain Signaling Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) Dhaka Bangladesh
| | | | - Zhahirul Islam
- Laboratory of Gut‐Brain Signaling Laboratory Sciences and Services Division (LSSD) Dhaka Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nath AN, Retnakumar RJ, Francis A, Chhetri P, Thapa N, Chattopadhyay S. Peptic Ulcer and Gastric Cancer: Is It All in the Complex Host-Microbiome Interplay That Is Encoded in the Genomes of "Us" and "Them"? Front Microbiol 2022; 13:835313. [PMID: 35547123 PMCID: PMC9083406 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.835313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly being recognized that severe gastroduodenal diseases such as peptic ulcer and gastric cancer are not just the outcomes of Helicobacter pylori infection in the stomach. Rather, both diseases develop and progress due to the perfect storms created by a combination of multiple factors such as the expression of different H. pylori virulence proteins, consequent human immune responses, and dysbiosis in gastrointestinal microbiomes. In this mini review, we have discussed how the genomes of H. pylori and other gastrointestinal microbes as well as the genomes of different human populations encode complex and variable virulome–immunome interplay, which influences gastroduodenal health. The heterogeneities that are encrypted in the genomes of different human populations and in the genomes of their respective resident microbes partly explain the inconsistencies in clinical outcomes among the H. pylori-infected people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angitha N Nath
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India
| | - R J Retnakumar
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ashik Francis
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India
| | - Prakash Chhetri
- Department of Zoology, Biotech Hub, Nar Bahadur Bhandari Degree College, Tadong, India
| | - Namrata Thapa
- Department of Zoology, Biotech Hub, Nar Bahadur Bhandari Degree College, Tadong, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jonaitis P, Kupcinskas L, Kupcinskas J. Molecular Alterations in Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115758. [PMID: 34071181 PMCID: PMC8199079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the most common causes of mortality worldwide. Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is one of the preneoplastic gastric lesions and is considered an essential predisposing factor in GC development. Here we present a review of recent most relevant papers to summarize major findings on the molecular alterations in gastric IM. The latest progress in novel diagnostic methods allows scientists to identify various types of molecular alterations in IM, such as polymorphisms in various genes, changes in the expression of micro-RNAs and long noncoding RNAs, and altered microbiome profiles. The results have shown that some of these alterations have strong associations with IM and a potential to be used for screening, treatment, and prognostic purposes; however, one of the most important limiting factors is the inhomogeneity of the studies. Therefore, further large-scale studies and clinical trials with standardized methods designed by multicenter consortiums are needed. As of today, various molecular alterations in IM could become a part of personalized medicine in the near future, which would help us deliver a personalized approach for each patient and identify those at risk of progression to GC.
Collapse
|
7
|
Gonzalez-Hormazabal P, Pelaez D, Musleh M, Bustamante M, Stambuk J, Pisano R, Valladares H, Lanzarini E, Chiong H, Suazo J, Quiñones LA, Varela NM, Castro VG, Jara L, Berger Z. NOD1 rs2075820 (p.E266K) polymorphism is associated with gastric cancer among individuals infected with cagPAI-positive H. pylori. Biol Res 2021; 54:13. [PMID: 33879265 PMCID: PMC8056668 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-021-00336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori is detected by pathogen recognition receptors including toll-like receptors (TLR) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, eliciting an innate immune response against this bacteria. The aim of this study was to assess if polymorphisms of TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, NOD1 and NOD2 genes are associated with gastric cancer, in particular in individuals infected with H. pylori. Results A case-control study of 297 gastric cancer patients and 300 controls was performed to assess the association of 17 polymorphisms. Analyses performed under the allele model did not find association with gastric cancer. However, NOD1 rs2075820 (p.E266K) showed association with intestinal-type gastric cancer among H. pylori infected subjects (OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.41–5.13, p = 0.0026). The association was not statistically significant in diffuse-type gastric cancer cases (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 0.63–2.52, p = 0.51). When the analyses were performed in patients carrying H. pylori strains harboring the cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI), we noticed significant association with NOD1 rs2075820 (OR = 4.90, 95% CI 1.80–3.36, p = 0.0019), in particular for intestinal-type gastric cancer cases (OR = 7.16, 95% CI 2.40–21.33, p = 4.1 × 10− 4) but not among diffuse-type gastric cancer cases (OR = 3.39, 95% CI 1.13–0.10, p = 0.03). Conclusions NOD1 rs2075820 increases the risk of intestinal-type gastric cancer among individuals infected with H. pylori, particularly in those harboring the cagPAI. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40659-021-00336-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Gonzalez-Hormazabal
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Diana Pelaez
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maher Musleh
- Department of Surgery, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, 8380456, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco Bustamante
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine at Eastern Campus, University of Chile, 7500922, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Stambuk
- Department of Surgery, San Juan de Dios Hospital, 8350488, Santiago, Chile
| | - Raul Pisano
- Department of Surgery, San Juan de Dios Hospital, 8350488, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hector Valladares
- Department of Surgery, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, 8380456, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Lanzarini
- Department of Surgery, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, 8380456, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hector Chiong
- Department of Surgery, Barros Luco Hospital, 8900085, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jose Suazo
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Chile, 8380492, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis A Quiñones
- Department of Basic-Clinical Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile.,Latin American Network for Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nelson M Varela
- Department of Basic-Clinical Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile.,Latin American Network for Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Madrid, Spain
| | - V Gonzalo Castro
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilian Jara
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, University of Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Zoltan Berger
- Section of Gastroenterology, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, 8380456, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
de Almeida NM, Fernandes A, Romãozinho JM, Freire P, Donato MM, Cardoso O, Luxo C, Cipriano MA, Marinho C, Calhau C, Figueiredo P. Correlation of
NOD2
genotypes with
Helicobacter pylori
infection in a
South‐European
country. ADVANCES IN DIGESTIVE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aid2.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Miguel de Almeida
- Gastroenterology Department Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | | | - José Manuel Romãozinho
- Gastroenterology Department Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Paulo Freire
- Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Maria M. Donato
- CIMAGO, Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Olga Cardoso
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- CIEPQPF, Faculty of Sciences and Technology University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Cristina Luxo
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- CIEPQPF, Faculty of Sciences and Technology University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | | | - Carol Marinho
- Pathology Department Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Carlos Calhau
- Gastroenterology Department Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Pedro Figueiredo
- Gastroenterology Department Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Haunshi S, Burramsetty AK, Ramasamy K, Chatterjee RN. Polymorphisms in pattern recognition receptor genes of indigenous and White Leghorn breeds of chicken. Arch Anim Breed 2018; 61:441-449. [PMID: 32175451 PMCID: PMC7065405 DOI: 10.5194/aab-61-441-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional polymorphisms in pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) modulate
innate immunity and play a crucial role in resistance or susceptibility to
diseases. The present study was carried out to explore polymorphic patterns
in the coding sequences of PRR genes TLR3, TLR1LA (TLRs),
MDA5, LGP2 (RLRs) and NOD1 (NLR) in chicken breeds
of India, namely Ghagus (GH), Nicobari (NB) and the exotic
White Leghorn (WLH) breed. Out of 209 SNPs observed in five genes among three
breeds, 117 were synonymous (Syn) and 92 were non-synonymous (NS) SNPs. In
TLR genes the highest polymorphism was observed in NB (16, 28)
compared to GH (14, 16) and WLH (13, 19) breeds. In the MDA5 gene
the highest polymorphism was observed in GH (12) compared to NB (eight) and
WLH (four) breeds. However, an almost similar level of polymorphism was observed
in the LGP2 gene among the three breeds. In the NOD1 gene, the highest
polymorphism was observed in NB (27), followed by WLH (11) and GH (10) breeds.
The overall highest number of SNPs was observed in NB (90), followed by GH (62)
and the WLH (57) breed. With regard to variation in polymorphism among different
classes of PRRs, the study revealed the highest polymorphism in TLRs compared to
NOD1 and the RLR class of PRRs. Further, the domain locations of various Syn and
NS SNPs in each PRR among the three breeds were identified. In silico
analysis of NS SNPs revealed that most of them had a neutral effect on
protein function. However, two each in TLR1LA and LGP2
and one in the MDA5 gene were predicted to be deleterious to
protein function. The present study unravelled extensive polymorphism in the
coding sequences of the TLR and NLR class of PRR genes, and the polymorphism was
higher in indigenous chicken breeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Haunshi
- ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arun Kumar Burramsetty
- Current Address: MEXT Doctoral Scholar, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kannaki Ramasamy
- ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maharana J, Pradhan SK, De S. NOD1CARD Might Be Using Multiple Interfaces for RIP2-Mediated CARD-CARD Interaction: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170232. [PMID: 28114344 PMCID: PMC5256935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-containing protein 1 (NOD1) plays the pivotal role in host-pathogen interface of innate immunity and triggers immune signalling pathways for the maturation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Upon the recognition of iE-DAP, NOD1 self-oligomerizes in an ATP-dependent fashion and interacts with adaptor molecule receptor-interacting protein 2 (RIP2) for the propagation of innate immune signalling and initiation of pro-inflammatory immune responses. This interaction (mediated by NOD1 and RIP2) helps in transmitting the downstream signals for the activation of NF-κB signalling pathway, and has been arbitrated by respective caspase-recruitment domains (CARDs). The so-called CARD-CARD interaction still remained contradictory due to inconsistent results. Henceforth, to understand the mode and the nature of the interaction, structural bioinformatics approaches were employed. MD simulation of modelled 1:1 heterodimeric complexes revealed that the type-Ia interface of NOD1CARD and the type-Ib interface of RIP2CARD might be the suitable interfaces for the said interaction. Moreover, we perceived three dynamically stable heterotrimeric complexes with an NOD1:RIP2 ratio of 1:2 (two numbers) and 2:1. Out of which, in the first trimeric complex, a type-I NOD1-RIP2 heterodimer was found interacting with an RIP2CARD using their type-IIa and IIIa interfaces. However, in the second and third heterotrimer, we observed type-I homodimers of NOD1 and RIP2 CARDs were interacting individually with RIP2CARD and NOD1CARD (in type-II and type-III interface), respectively. Overall, this study provides structural and dynamic insights into the NOD1-RIP2 oligomer formation, which will be crucial in understanding the molecular basis of NOD1-mediated CARD-CARD interaction in higher and lower eukaryotes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Maharana
- Department of Bioinformatics, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- * E-mail: (JM); (SD)
| | - Sukanta Kumar Pradhan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sachinandan De
- Animal Genomics Lab., Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
- * E-mail: (JM); (SD)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fan YH, Roy S, Mukhopadhyay R, Kapoor A, Duggal P, Wojcik GL, Pass RF, Arav-Boger R. Role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) and its variants in human cytomegalovirus control in vitro and in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E7818-E7827. [PMID: 27856764 PMCID: PMC5137695 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1611711113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Induction of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) and downstream receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is known to up-regulate antiviral responses and suppress virus replication. We investigated the role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1), which also signals through RIPK2, in HCMV control. NOD1 activation by Tri-DAP (NOD1 agonist) suppressed HCMV and induced IFN-β. Mouse CMV was also inhibited through NOD1 activation. NOD1 knockdown (KD) or inhibition of its activity with small molecule ML130 enhanced HCMV replication in vitro. NOD1 mutations displayed differential effects on HCMV replication and antiviral responses. In cells overexpressing the E56K mutation in the caspase activation and recruitment domain, virus replication was enhanced, but in cells overexpressing the E266K mutation in the nucleotide-binding domain or the wild-type NOD1, HCMV was inhibited, changes that correlated with IFN-β expression. The interaction of NOD1 and RIPK2 determined the outcome of virus replication, as evidenced by enhanced virus growth in NOD1 E56K mutant cells (which failed to interact with RIPK2). NOD1 activities were executed through IFN-β, given that IFN-β KD reduced the inhibitory effect of Tri-DAP on HCMV. Signaling through NOD1 resulting in HCMV suppression was IKKα-dependent and correlated with nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of IRF3. Finally, NOD1 polymorphisms were significantly associated with the risk of HCMV infection in women who were infected with HCMV during participation in a glycoprotein B vaccine trial. Collectively, our data indicate a role for NOD1 in HCMV control via RIPK2- IKKα-IRF3 and suggest that its polymorphisms predict the risk of infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsin Fan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Sujayita Roy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Rupkatha Mukhopadhyay
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Arun Kapoor
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Priya Duggal
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21231
| | - Genevieve L Wojcik
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21231
| | - Robert F Pass
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Ravit Arav-Boger
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chua KH, Ng JG, Ng CC, Hilmi I, Goh KL, Kee BP. Association of NOD1, CXCL16, STAT6 and TLR4 gene polymorphisms with Malaysian patients with Crohn's disease. PeerJ 2016; 4:e1843. [PMID: 27069792 PMCID: PMC4824893 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a prominent type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. CD is known to have higher prevalence in the Western countries, but the number of cases has been increasing in the past decades in Asia, including Malaysia. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the underlining causes of CD that may shed light on its prevention and treatment. In this study, genetic polymorphisms in NOD1 (rs2075820), CXCL16 (rs2277680), STAT6 (rs324015) and TLR4 (rs4986791) genes were examined in a total of 335 individuals (85 CD patients and 250 healthy controls) with PCR-RFLP approach. There was no significant association observed between NOD1 rs2075820 and STAT6 rs324015 with the onset of CD in the studied cohort. However, the G allele of CXCL16 rs2277680 was found to have a weak association with CD patients (P = 0.0482; OR = 1.4310). The TLR4 rs4986791 was also significantly associated to CD. Both the homozygous C genotype (P = 0.0029; OR = 0.3611) and C allele (P = 0.0069; OR = 0.4369) were observed to confer protection against CD. On the other hand, the heterozygous C/T genotype was a risk genotype (P = 0.0015; OR = 3.1392). Further ethnic-stratified analysis showed that the significant associations in CXCL16 rs2277680 and TLR4 rs4986791 were accounted by the Malay cohort. In conclusion, the present study reported two CD-predisposing loci in the Malay CD patients. However, these loci were not associated to the onset of CD in Chinese and Indian patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kek Heng Chua
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Jin Guan Ng
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Ching Ching Ng
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Ida Hilmi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Khean Lee Goh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Boon Pin Kee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim BJ, Kim JY, Hwang ES, Kim JG. Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain 1 Is an Essential Signal Transducer in Human Epithelial Cells Infected with Helicobacter pylori That Induces the Transepithelial Migration of Neutrophils. Gut Liver 2016; 9:358-69. [PMID: 25167803 PMCID: PMC4413970 DOI: 10.5009/gnl13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims The cytosolic host protein nucleotide binding oligomerization domain 1 (Nod1) has emerged as a key pathogen recognition molecule for innate immune responses in epithelial cells. The purpose of the study was to elucidate the mechanism by which Helicobacter pylori infection leads to transepithelial neutrophil migration in a Nod1-mediated manner. Methods Human epithelial cell lines AGS and Caco-2 were grown and infected with H. pylori. Interleukin (IL)-8 mRNA expression and IL-8 secretion were assessed, and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation was determined. Stable transfections of AGS and Caco-2 cells with dominant negative Nod1 were generated. Neutrophil migration across the monolayer was quantified. Results Cytotoxin-associated gene pathogenicity island (cagPAI)(+) H. pylori infection upregulated IL-8 mRNA expression and IL-8 secretion in AGS and Caco-2 cells compared with controls. NF-κB activation, IL-8 mRNA expression and IL-8 secretion by cagPAI knockdown strains were reduced compared with those infected with the wild-type strain. NF-κB activation, IL-8 mRNA expression and IL-8 secretion in dominant-negative (DN)-Nod1 stably transfected cells were reduced compared with the controls. The transepithelial migration of neutrophils in DN-Nod1 stably transfected cells was reduced compared with that in controls. Conclusions Signaling through Nod1 plays an essential role in neutrophil migration induced by the upregulated NF-κB activation and IL-8 expression in H. pylori-infected human epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beom Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yeol Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eung Soo Hwang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Gyu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Castaño-Rodríguez N, Kaakoush NO, Mitchell HM. Pattern-recognition receptors and gastric cancer. Front Immunol 2014; 5:336. [PMID: 25101079 PMCID: PMC4105827 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has been associated with an increased risk of several human malignancies, a classic example being gastric adenocarcinoma (GC). Development of GC is known to result from infection of the gastric mucosa by Helicobacter pylori, which initially induces acute inflammation and, in a subset of patients, progresses over time to chronic inflammation, gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and finally intestinal-type GC. Germ-line encoded receptors known as pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) are critical for generating mature pro-inflammatory cytokines that are crucial for both Th1 and Th2 responses. Given that H. pylori is initially targeted by PRRs, it is conceivable that dysfunction within genes of this arm of the immune system could modulate the host response against H. pylori infection, and subsequently influence the emergence of GC. Current evidence suggests that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) (TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, and TLR9), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) (NOD1, NOD2, and NLRP3), a C-type lectin receptor (DC-SIGN), and retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA-5), are involved in both the recognition of H. pylori and gastric carcinogenesis. In addition, polymorphisms in genes involved in the TLR (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR9, and CD14) and NLR (NOD1, NOD2, NLRP3, NLRP12, NLRX1, CASP1, ASC, and CARD8) signaling pathways have been shown to modulate the risk of H. pylori infection, gastric precancerous lesions, and/or GC. Further, the modulation of PRRs has been suggested to suppress H. pylori-induced inflammation and enhance GC cell apoptosis, highlighting their potential relevance in GC therapeutics. In this review, we present current advances in our understanding of the role of the TLR and NLR signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of GC, address the involvement of other recently identified PRRs in GC, and discuss the potential implications of PRRs in GC immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Castaño-Rodríguez
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Nadeem O Kaakoush
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Hazel M Mitchell
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
He C, Chen M, Liu J, Yuan Y. Host genetic factors respond to pathogenic step-specific virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori in gastric carcinogenesis. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2014; 759:14-26. [PMID: 24076409 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The interindividual differences in risk of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastric cancer involve significant heterogeneities of both host genetics and H. pylori strains. Several recent studies proposed a distinct sequence for H. pylori exerting its virulence in the host stomach: (i) adhering to and colonizing the surface of gastric epithelial cells, (ii) evading and attenuating the host defense, and (iii) invading and damaging the gastric mucosa. This review focuses on several key issues that still need to be clarified, such as which virulence factors of H. pylori are involved in the three pathogenic steps, which host genes respond to the step-specific virulence factors, and whether and/or how the corresponding host genetic variations influence the risk of gastric carcinogenesis. Urease, BabA and SabA in the adhesion-step, PGN and LPS in the immune evasion-step, and CagA, VacA and Tipα in the mucosal damage-step were documented to play an important role in step-specific pathogenicity of H. pylori infection. There is evidence further supporting a role of potentially functional polymorphisms of host genes directly responding to these pathogenic step-specific virulence factors in the susceptibility of gastric carcinogenesis, especially for urease-interacting HLA class II genes, BabA-interacting MUC1, PGN-interacting NOD1, LPS-interacting TLR4, and CagA-interacting PTPN11 and CDH1. With the continuous improvement of understanding the genetic profile of H. pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis, a person at increased risk for gastric cancer may benefit from several aspects of efforts: (i) prevent H. pylori infection with a vaccine targeting certain step-specific virulence factor; (ii) eradicate H. pylori infection by blocking step-specific psychopathological characteristics of virulence factors; and (iii) adjust host physiological function to resist the carcinogenic role of step-specific virulence factors or interrupt the cellular signal transduction of the interplay between H. pylori and host in each pathogenic step, especially for the subjects with precancerous lesions in the stomach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun He
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Moye Chen
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jingwei Liu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and is predicted to become even more common in developing countries as the population ages. Since gastric cancer develops slowly over years to decades, and typically progresses though a series of well-defined histologic stages, cancer biomarkers have potential to identify asymptomatic individuals in whom surgery might be curative, or even those for whom antibiotics to eradicate H. pylori could prevent neoplastic transformation. Here we describe some of the challenges of biomarker discovery, summarize current approaches to biomarkers of gastric cancer, and explore some recent novel strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Cooke
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology; University of California; Davis School of Medicine; Davis, CA USA,Center for Comparative Medicine; University of California; Davis School of Medicine; Davis, CA USA
| | - Javier Torres
- Infectious Diseases Research Unit; Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jay V Solnick
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology & Immunology; University of California; Davis School of Medicine; Davis, CA USA,Center for Comparative Medicine; University of California; Davis School of Medicine; Davis, CA USA,California National Primate Research Center; University of California; Davis School of Medicine; Davis, CA USA,Correspondence to: Jay V Solnick,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Moreno L, Gatheral T. Therapeutic targeting of NOD1 receptors. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 170:475-85. [PMID: 23848281 PMCID: PMC3791987 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) protein is an intracellular receptor for breakdown products of peptidoglycan (PGN), an essential bacterial cell wall component. NOD1 responds to γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid, which is an epitope unique to PGN structures from all Gram-negative bacteria and certain Gram-positive bacteria. Upon ligand recognition, NOD1 undergoes conformational changes and self-oligomerization mediated by the nucleotide-binding NACHT domains, followed by the recruitment and activation of the serine threonine kinase receptor-interacting protein 2 leading to the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways and induction of inflammatory genes. Much of our knowledge is derived from seminal studies using mice deficient in NOD1 and confirming an essential role for NOD1 in the host immune response against gastrointestinal and respiratory pathogens. In addition, recent studies have revealed a role for intracellular NOD1 receptors in the regulation of vascular inflammation and metabolism. This review will discuss our current understanding of intracellular NOD1 receptors in host immunity and chronic inflammatory disorders with a focus on cardiovascular diseases. Although therapeutic advances may have to wait until the complex interplay with pathogens, danger signals, other pattern recognition receptors and overlapping metabolic pathways is further unravelled, the steadily growing body of knowledge suggest that NOD1 antagonism might represent attractive candidate to reduce excessive inflammation associated to intestinal, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Moreno
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Bunyola, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kim EJ, Lee JR, Chung WC, Jung SH, Sung HJ, Lee YW, Oh YS, Kim SB, Paik CN, Lee KM, Noh SJ. Association between genetic polymorphisms of NOD 1 and Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric mucosal inflammation in healthy Korean population. Helicobacter 2013; 18:143-50. [PMID: 23136938 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is supposed to be a result of inflammation induced by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD 1) is required for the innate immune response to H. pylori. We aim to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in NOD 1 gene is associated with H. pylori-induced gastric mucosal inflammation in a healthy Korean population. METHODS The study was conducted on 412 adults who visited two different healthcare centers for health examinations. The G796A (E266K) NOD 1 SNP was detected by using polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism. A gastritis score was calculated by the summed values of the grade and the activity of gastritis scored according to the updated Sydney system. The expression of IL-8 and COX-2 mRNA was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In the group with H. pylori infection, the complete screening of the genes comprising the cag PAI was performed. RESULTS The genotype frequencies were 26.7% (AA type), 58.3% (GA), and 15.0% (GG). In H. pylori-positive patients, gastritis score of the AA genotype was significantly higher than those of the others (p = .04). Also, the IL-8 and COX-2 mRNA levels increased in the AA genotype. In the group with H. pylori infection, 31.9% were found to carry the complete cag PAI. When the subjects were infected with intact cag PAI, the IL-8 and COX-2 mRNA levels were significantly high in AA genotype. CONCLUSION G796A (E266K) NOD 1 polymorphism is closely correlated with H. pylori-associated gastric mucosal inflammation in the Korean population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Kim
- Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang P, Zhang L, Jiang JM, Ma D, Tao HX, Yuan SL, Wang YC, Wang LC, Liang H, Zhang ZS, Liu CJ. Association of NOD1 and NOD2 genes polymorphisms with Helicobacter pylori related gastric cancer in a Chinese population. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:2112-20. [PMID: 22563200 PMCID: PMC3342611 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i17.2112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the association between the tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (TagSNPs) of NOD1 and NOD2 and the risk of developing gastric cancer.
METHODS: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study including 296 incident gastric cancer patients and 160 gastritis controls. Eight TagSNPs in the NOD1 and NOD2 genes were selected from the Hapmap database using the haploview software and genotyped by the Sequenom MassArray system. The serum levels of anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) IgG were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to indicate H. pylori infection. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by unconditional logistic regression, including sex and age as confounding factors.
RESULTS: The NOD1 rs2907749 GG genotype showed a decreased risk for gastric cancer (OR 0.50, 95% CI: 0.26-0.95, P = 0.04) while the rs7789045 TT genotype showed an increased risk (OR 2.14, 95% CI: 1.20-3.82, P = 0.01). An elevated susceptibility to gastric cancer was observed in the subjects with H. pylori infection and the NaOD1 rs7789045 TT genotype (OR 2.05, 95% CI: 1.07-3.94, P = 0.03) or the NOD2 rs7205423 GC genotype (OR 2.52, 95% CI: 1.05-6.04, P = 0.04). Haplotype analysis suggested that the distribution of AGT (rs2907749, rs2075820 and rs7789045) in NOD1 between the cases and control groups was significantly different (P corrected: 0.04), and the diplotype AGT/AGT was associated with an elevated gastric cancer risk (OR 1.98, 95% CI: 1.04-3.79, P = 0.04). The association of the NOD1 rs7789045 TT genotype and the diplotype AGT/AGT was significant with H. pylori-related diffuse-type gastric cancer (OR 3.00, 95% CI: 1.38-6.53, P = 0.01; OR 4.02, 95% CI: 1.61-10.05, P < 0.01, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Genetic polymorphisms in NOD1 and NOD2 may interact with H. pylori infection and may play important roles in promoting the development of gastric cancer in the Chinese population.
Collapse
|
20
|
Lack of association between gene polymorphisms of Angiotensin converting enzyme, Nod-like receptor 1, Toll-like receptor 4, FAS/FASL and the presence of Helicobacter pylori-induced premalignant gastric lesions and gastric cancer in Caucasians. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2011; 12:112. [PMID: 21864388 PMCID: PMC3166912 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-12-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Several polymorphisms of genes involved in the immunological recognition of Helicobacter pylori and regulating apoptosis and proliferation have been linked to gastric carcinogenesis, however reported data are partially conflicting. The aim of our study was to evaluate potential associations between the presence of gastric cancer (GC) and high risk atrophic gastritis (HRAG) and polymorphisms of genes encoding Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), Nod-like receptor 1 (NOD1), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and FAS/FASL. Methods Gene polymorphisms were analyzed in 574 subjects (GC: n = 114; HRAG: n = 222, controls: n = 238) of Caucasian origin. ACE I/D (rs4646994), NOD1 796G>A (rs5743336), TLR4 3725G>C (rs11536889), FAS 1377G>A (rs2234767), FAS 670A>G (rs1800682) and FASL 844T>C (rs763110) were genotyped by different PCR approaches and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results Frequencies of genotypes in our study are similar to the data reported on subjects of Caucasian ethnicity. There was a tendency for NOD1 796G/G genotype to be associated with increased risk of HRAG (62.4% vs. 54.5% in controls, p = 0.082). FAS 670G/G genotype was more frequent in HRAG when compared to controls, 23.9% and 17.2% respectively, however it failed to reach significance level (p = 0.077). We did not find any significant associations for all polymorphisms in relation to GC or HRAG. NOD1 796G>A and TLR4 3725G>C gene polymorphisms were also not associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. Conclusions ACE, NOD1, TRL4 and FAS/FASL gene polymorphisms are not linked with gastric carcinogenesis in Caucasians, and therefore they should not be considered as potential biomarkers for identifying individuals with higher risk for GC.
Collapse
|
21
|
Kutikhin AG. Role of NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15 gene polymorphisms in cancer etiology. Hum Immunol 2011; 72:955-68. [PMID: 21745515 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15 are members of Nod-like receptor family. They are located in cytosol, bind bacterial and viral ligands and play a key role in realization of innate and adaptive immune response, apoptosis, autophagy, and reactive oxygen species generation. Polymorphisms in NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15 genes may shift balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, modulating the risk of infection, chronic inflammation and cancer. NOD1/CARD4 and NOD2/CARD15 gene polymorphisms may be associated with altered risk of gastric, colorectal, breast, ovarian, prostate, testicular, lung, laryngeal, liver, gallbladder, biliary tract, pancreatic, small bowel, kidney, urinary bladder cancer, skin cancer, nonthyroid endocrine tumors, lymphoma and leukemia. The short list of such polymorphisms perspective for oncogenomic investigations may include rs2006847, rs2066845, rs2066844, rs2066842, ND(1)+32656, rs2075820 whereas rs104895493, rs104895476, rs104895475, rs104895474, rs104895473, rs104895472, rs104895462, rs104895461, rs104895460, rs104895438, rs5743291, rs5743260, rs2076756, rs2066843, Pro371Thr, Ala794Pro, Gln908His, rs72551113, rs72551107, rs6958571, rs2907749, rs2907748, rs2075822, rs2075819, rs2075818 may be added to the extended list. Reasons of discrepancies between different studies include confounding host genetic, bacterial, or environmental factors modulating penetrance of variant allele and affecting risk of condition increasing cancer risk, different bacterial impact in aetiology of such conditions, differences in sample size, clinicopathological characteristics, diagnostics, stratification, genotyping methods, and chance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton G Kutikhin
- Department of Epidemiology, Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
[Single nucleotide polymorphisms and helicobacter pylori-related gastric cancer]. YI CHUAN = HEREDITAS 2011; 33:109-16. [PMID: 21377966 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1005.2011.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori-related gastric cancer is a special-type gastric cancer determined by genetic, environmental, and life style factors. A series of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of susceptibility genes, including inflammation-related genes, gastric acid inhibition-related genes, and immune response-related genes, could be specifically involved in the development of Helicobacter pylori-related gastric cancer that consists of three major stages: Helicobacter pylori infection, gastric atrophy development, and carcinogenesis. The aim of the present paper was to review and evaluate the most recently published evidence on the contribution of SNPs to the carcinogenesis of Helicobacter pylori-related gastric cancer in humans.
Collapse
|
23
|
Allison CC, Ferrero RL. Role of virulence factors and host cell signaling in the recognition of Helicobacter pylori and the generation of immune responses. Future Microbiol 2010; 5:1233-55. [PMID: 20722601 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.10.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori colonizes a large proportion of the world's population, with infection invariably leading to chronic, lifelong gastritis. While the infection often persists undiagnosed and without causing severe pathology, there are a number of host, bacterial and environmental factors that can influence whether infection provokes a mild inflammatory response or results in significant morbidity. Intriguingly, the most virulent H. pylori strains appear to deliberately induce the epithelial signaling cascades responsible for activating the innate immune system. While the reason for this remains unclear, the resulting adaptive immune responses are largely ineffective in clearing the bacterium once infection has become established and, as a result, inflammation likely causes more damage to the host itself.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cody C Allison
- Centre for Innate Immunity & Infectious Diseases, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hishida A, Matsuo K, Goto Y, Hamajima N. Genetic predisposition to Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric precancerous conditions. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2010; 2:369-79. [PMID: 21160888 PMCID: PMC2999673 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v2.i10.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract in East Asian populations and the second most frequent cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. While previous studies have investigated the genetic factors involved in gastric carcinogenesis, there still exist relatively few studies that have investigated the genetic traits associated with the risk of gastric precancerous conditions. In this paper we will review the biology and genetic polymorphisms involved in the genesis of gastric precancerous conditions reported to date and discuss the future prospects of this field of study. The associations of gastric precancerous conditions with polymorphisms in the cytotoxin-associated gene A-related genes (e.g. PTPN11 G/A at intron 3, rs2301756), those in the genes involved in host immunity against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection (e.g. TLR4 +3725G/C, rs11536889) or polymorphisms of the genes essential for the development/ differentiation of the gastric epithelial cells (e.g. RUNX3 T/A polymorphism at intron 3, rs760805) have been reported to date. Genetic epidemiological studies of the associations between H. pylori-induced gastric precancerous conditions and other gene polymorphisms in these pathways as well as polymorphisms of the genes involved in other pathways like oxidative DNA damage repair pathways would provide useful evidence for the individualized prevention of these H. pylori-induced gastric precancerous conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asahi Hishida
- Asahi Hishida, Yasuyuki Goto, Nobuyuki Hamajima, Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|