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Ito Y, Tanaka N. Phylogeny of Alisma (Alismataceae) revisited: implications for polyploid evolution and species delimitation. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2023; 136:613-629. [PMID: 37402089 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01477-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Alisma L. is a genus of aquatic and wetland plants belonging to family Alismataceae. At present, it is thought to contain ten species. Variation in ploidy level is known in the genus, with diploids, tetraploids and hexaploids recorded. Previous molecular phylogenetic studies of Alisma have generated a robust backbone that reveals important aspects of the evolutionary history of this cosmopolitan genus, yet questions remain unresolved about the formation of the polyploid taxa and the taxonomy of one particularly challenging, widely distributed species complex. Here we directly sequenced, or cloned and sequenced, nuclear DNA (nrITS and phyA) and chloroplast DNA (matK, ndhF, psbA-trnH and rbcL) of multiple samples of six putative species and two varieties, and conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses. Alisma canaliculatum and its two varieties known in East Asia and A. rariflorum endemic to Japan possess closely related but heterogeneous genomes, strongly indicating that the two species were generated from two diploid progenitors, and are possibly siblings of one another. This evolutionary event may have occurred in Japan. Alisma canaliculatum var. canaliculatum is segregated into two types, each of which are geographically slightly differentiated in Japan. We reconstructed a single phylogeny based on the multi-locus data using Homologizer and then applied species delimitation analysis (STACEY). This allowed us to discern A. orientale as apparently endemic to the Southeast Asian Massif and distinct from the widespread A. plantago-aquatica. The former species was most likely formed through parapatric speciation at the southern edge of the distribution of the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ito
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-Cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan.
| | - Norio Tanaka
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, 305-0005, Japan
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Gu YF, Shu JP, Lu YJ, Shen H, Shao W, Zhou Y, Sun QM, Chen JB, Liu BD, Yan YH. Insights into cryptic speciation of quillworts in China. PLANT DIVERSITY 2023; 45:284-301. [PMID: 37397601 PMCID: PMC10311115 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Cryptic species are commonly misidentified because of high morphological similarities to other species. One group of plants that may harbor large numbers of cryptic species is the quillworts (Isoëtes spp.), an ancient aquatic plant lineage. Although over 350 species of Isoëtes have been reported globally, only ten species have been recorded in China. The aim of this study is to better understand Isoëtes species diversity in China. For this purpose, we systematically explored the phylogeny and evolution of Isoëtes using complete chloroplast genome (plastome) data, spore morphology, chromosome number, genetic structure, and haplotypes of almost all Chinese Isoëtes populations. We identified three ploidy levels of Isoëtes in China-diploid (2n = 22), tetraploid (2n = 44), and hexaploid (2n = 66). We also found four megaspore and microspore ornamentation types in diploids, six in tetraploids, and three in hexaploids. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that I. hypsophila as the ancestral group of the genus and revealed that Isoëtes diploids, tetraploids, and hexaploids do not form monophyletic clades. Most individual species possess a single genetic structure; however, several samples have conflicting positions on the phylogenetic tree based on SNPs and the tree based on plastome data. All 36 samples shared 22 haplotypes. Divergence time analysis showed that I. hypsophila diverged in the early Eocene (∼48.05 Ma), and most other Isoëtes species diverged 3-20 Ma. Additionally, different species of Isoëtes were found to inhabit different water systems and environments along the Yangtze River. These findings provide new insights into the relationships among Isoëtes species in China, where highly similar morphologic populations may harbor many cryptic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Gu
- Life Science and Technology College, Harbin Normal University, Key Laboratory of Plant Biology in Colleges of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150025, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, and Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, The National Orchid Conservation Center of China and the Orchid Conservation & Research Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518114, China
| | - Jiang-Ping Shu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, and Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, The National Orchid Conservation Center of China and the Orchid Conservation & Research Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518114, China
| | - Yi-Jun Lu
- Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Wen Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Jiande Xin'anjiang Forest Farm, Jiande, 311600, China
| | - Qi-Meng Sun
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jian-Bing Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, and Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, The National Orchid Conservation Center of China and the Orchid Conservation & Research Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518114, China
| | - Bao-Dong Liu
- Life Science and Technology College, Harbin Normal University, Key Laboratory of Plant Biology in Colleges of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Yue-Hong Yan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, and Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, The National Orchid Conservation Center of China and the Orchid Conservation & Research Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518114, China
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Ngarega BK, Nzei JM, Saina JK, Halmy MWA, Chen JM, Li ZZ. Mapping the habitat suitability of Ottelia species in Africa. PLANT DIVERSITY 2022; 44:468-480. [PMID: 36187550 PMCID: PMC9512647 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the influence of environmental covariates on plant distribution is critical, especially for aquatic plant species. Climate change is likely to alter the distribution of aquatic species. However, knowledge of this change on the burden of aquatic macroorganisms is often fraught with difficulty. Ottelia, a model genus for studying the evolution of the aquatic family Hydrocharitaceae, is mainly distributed in slow-flowing creeks, rivers, or lakes throughout pantropical regions in the world. Due to recent rapid climate changes, natural Ottelia populations have declined significantly. By modeling the effects of climate change on the distribution of Ottelia species and assessing the degree of niche similarity, we sought to identify high suitability regions and help formulate conservation strategies. The models use known background points to determine how environmental covariates vary spatially and produce continental maps of the distribution of the Ottelia species in Africa. Additionally, we estimated the possible influences of the optimistic and extreme pessimistic representative concentration pathways scenarios RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 for the 2050s. Our results show that the distinct distribution patterns of studied Ottelia species were influenced by topography (elevation) and climate (e.g., mean temperature of driest quarter, annual precipitation, and precipitation of the driest month). While there is a lack of accord in defining the limiting factors for the distribution of Ottelia species, it is clear that water-temperature conditions have promising effects when kept within optimal ranges. We also note that climate change will impact Ottelia by accelerating fragmentation and habitat loss. The assessment of niche overlap revealed that Ottelia cylindrica and O . verdickii had slightly more similar niches than the other Ottelia species. The present findings identify the need to enhance conservation efforts to safeguard natural Ottelia populations and provide a theoretical basis for the distribution of various Ottelia species in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boniface K. Ngarega
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, 666303, China
| | - John M. Nzei
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Josphat K. Saina
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, 666303, China
| | - Marwa Waseem A. Halmy
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Jin-Ming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Fomichev CI, Macfarlane TD, Valiejo-Roman CM, Samigullin TH, Degtjareva GV, Briggs BG, Sokoloff DD. Two centuries from species discovery to diagnostic characters: molecular and morphological evidence for narrower species limits in the widespread SW Australian Anarthria gracilis complex (Restionaceae s.l./Anarthriaceae, Poales). PeerJ 2021; 9:e10935. [PMID: 33732546 PMCID: PMC7950204 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The extreme southwest of Australia is a biodiversity hotspot region that has a Mediterranean-type climate and numerous endemic plant and animal species, many of which remain to be properly delimited. We refine species limits in Anarthria, a Western Australian endemic genus characterised by the occurrence of the greatest number of plesiomorphic character states in the restiid clade of Poales. In contrast to many other groups of wind-pollinated Australian Poales, Anarthria was traditionally viewed as having well-established species limits. All six currently recognised species, which are conspicuous members of some Western Australian plant communities, were described in the first half of the 19th century. They are traditionally distinguished from each other mainly using quantitative characters. Methods We examined extensive existing herbarium specimens and made new collections of Anarthria in nature. Scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy were used to study leaf micromorphology. Molecular diversity of Anarthria was examined using a plastid (trnL-F) and a low-copy nuclear marker (at103). This is the first study of species-level molecular diversity in the restiid clade using a nuclear marker. Results Material historically classified as Anarthria gracilis R.Br. actually belongs to three distinct species, A. gracilis s.str., A. grandiflora Nees and A. dioica (Steud.) C.I.Fomichev, each of which forms a well-supported clade in phylogenetic analyses. Both segregate species were described in the first half of the 19th century but not recognised as such in subsequent taxonomic accounts. Anarthria dioica was first collected in 1826, then wrongly interpreted as a species of Juncus (Juncaceae) and described as Juncus dioicus. We provide a formal transfer of the name to Anarthria and for the first time report its clear and qualitative diagnostic characters: an extremely short leaf ligule and distinctive pattern of leaf epidermal micromorphology. A long ligule is present in A. gracilis s.str. and A. grandiflora. These species differ from each other in leaf lamina morphology and anatomy and have mostly non-overlapping distribution ranges. The narrower definition of species provides a basis for future phylogeographic analyses in Anarthria. Our study highlights a need for more extensive use of nuclear DNA markers in Restionaceae. The use of the low copy nuclear marker at103 allowed a clade comprising all three ligulate species of Anarthria to be recognised. The ligule character is used here for the first time in the taxonomy of Anarthria and merits special attention in studies of other restiids. In general, our study uncovered a superficially hidden but, in reality, conspicuous diversity in a common group of wind-pollinated plants in the southwest of Western Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin I Fomichev
- Department of Higher Plants, Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Terry D Macfarlane
- Western Australian Herbarium, Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Kensington, WA, Australia
| | - Carmen M Valiejo-Roman
- Department of Evolutionary Biochemistry, A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tahir H Samigullin
- Department of Evolutionary Biochemistry, A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina V Degtjareva
- Botanical Garden, Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Barbara G Briggs
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens Trust, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dmitry D Sokoloff
- Department of Higher Plants, Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Ito Y, Tanaka N, Keener BR, Lehtonen S. Phylogeny and biogeography of Sagittaria (Alismataceae) revisited: evidence for cryptic diversity and colonization out of South America. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2020; 133:827-839. [PMID: 33090298 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sagittaria is a genus of ca. 40 species in the aquatic plant family Alismataceae with a nearly global distribution, and a center of diversity in the New World. Two thirds of the known species are native to the Americas, while only a few species are distributed in Africa, Asia and Europe. A previous biogeographic analysis of the genus suggested an African origin for the genus with subsequent dispersal to North America and then to East Asia. Here we expanded the taxon sampling with a focus on the New World taxa and applied species delimitation and biogeographic analyses to revise the knowledge of the phylogeny and evolution of the genus. We obtained largely similar topologies from the chloroplast DNA and nuclear DNA (ITS) data sets. The 74 accessions sampled for our analyses were delimited into 29 species and several cryptic taxa were revealed in widely distributed species. Biogeographic analysis supported basal diversification in South America and subsequent colonization to North America and Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ito
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan.
| | - Norio Tanaka
- Tsukuba Botanical Garden, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1, Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan
| | | | - Samuli Lehtonen
- Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
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Li ZZ, Lehtonen S, Martins K, Gichira AW, Wu S, Li W, Hu GW, Liu Y, Zou CY, Wang QF, Chen JM. Phylogenomics of the aquatic plant genus Ottelia (Hydrocharitaceae): Implications for historical biogeography. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 152:106939. [PMID: 32791299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ottelia Pers. is the second largest genus of the family Hydrocharitaceae, including approximately 23 extant species. The genus exhibits a diversity of both bisexual and unisexual flowers, and complex reproductive system comprising cross-pollinated to cleistogamous flowers. Ottelia has been regarded as a pivotal group to study the evolution of Hydrocharitaceae, but the phylogenic relationships and evolutionary history of the genus remain unresolved. Here, we reconstructed a robust phylogenetic framework for Ottelia using 40 newly assembled complete plastomes. Our results resolved Ottelia as a monophyletic genus consisting of two major clades, which correspond to the main two centers of diversity in Asia and Africa. According to the divergence time estimation analysis, the crown group Ottelia began to diversify around 13.09 Ma during the middle Miocene. The biogeographical analysis indicated the existence of the most recent common ancestor somewhere in Africa/Australasia/Asia. Basing on further insights from the morphological evolution of Ottelia, we hypothesized that the ancestral center of origin was in Africa, from where the range expanded by transoceanic dispersal to South America and Australasia, and further from Australasia to Asia. We suggested that the climatic change and global cooling since the mid-Miocene, such as the development of East Asian monsoon climate and tectonic movement of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (YGP), might have played a crucial role in the evolution of Ottelia in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zhong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Samuli Lehtonen
- Herbarium, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland
| | - Karina Martins
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sorocaba 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Andrew W Gichira
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Guangxi Association for Science and Technology, Nanning 530022, China
| | - Wei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guang-Wan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Chun-Yu Zou
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Qing-Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jin-Ming Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Li ZZ, Ngarega BK, Lehtonen S, Gichira AW, Karichu MJ, Wang QF, Chen JM. Cryptic diversity within the African aquatic plant Ottelia ulvifolia (Hydrocharitaceae) revealed by population genetic and phylogenetic analyses. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2020; 133:373-381. [PMID: 32162107 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01175-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Revealing cryptic diversity is of great importance for effective conservation and understanding macroevolution and ecology of plants. Ottelia, a typical example of aquatic plants, possesses extremely variable morphology and the presence of cryptic diversity makes its classification problematic. Previous studies have revealed cryptic Ottelia species in Asia, but very little is known about the molecular systematics of this genus in Africa, a center of species diversity of Ottelia. In this study, we sampled Ottelia ulvifolia, an endemic species of tropical Africa, from Zambia and Cameroon. We used six chloroplast DNA regions, nrITS and six polymorphic microsatellite markers to estimate the molecular diversity and population genetic structure in O. ulvifolia. The phylogenetic inference, STACEY and STRUCTURE analyses supported at least three clusters within O. ulvifolia, each representing unique flower types (i.e., bisexual yellow flower, unisexual yellow flower and bisexual white flower types). Although abundant genetic variation (> 50%) was observed within the populations, excessive anthropogenic activities may result in genetic drift and bottlenecks. Here, three cryptic species of O. ulvifolia complex are defined, and insights are provided into the taxonomy of Ottelia using the phylogenetic species concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zhong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Boniface K Ngarega
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Samuli Lehtonen
- Herbarium, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Andrew W Gichira
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Mwihaki J Karichu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Qing-Feng Wang
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jin-Ming Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Nguyen CH, Beattie GAC, Haigh AM, Astuti IP, Mabberley DJ, Weston PH, Holford P. Molecular differentiation of the Murraya paniculata Complex (Rutaceae: Aurantioideae: Aurantieae). BMC Evol Biol 2019; 19:236. [PMID: 31888450 PMCID: PMC6937641 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-019-1555-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Orange jasmine has a complex nomenclatural history and is now known as Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack. Our interest in this common ornamental stemmed from the need to resolve its identity and the identities of closely related taxa as hosts of the pathogen ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ and its vector Diaphorina citri. Understanding these microbe-vector-plant relationships has been hampered by taxonomic confusion surrounding Murraya at both the generic and specific levels. Results To resolve the taxonomic uncertainty, six regions of the maternally-inherited chloroplastal genome and part of the nuclear-encoded ITS region were amplified from 85 accessions of Murraya and Merrillia using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Clustering used maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI). Chronograms were produced for molecular dating, and to test the monophyly of Murraya rigorously, using selected accessions of Murraya and 26 accessions of the Rutaceae and Simarubaceae. Sequence data from the ITS and chloroplastal regions suggest that Murraya paniculata (sensu (Swingle WT and Reece CR, The Citrus Industry, p. 190–430, 1967)) can be separated into four distinct but morphologically somewhat cryptic taxa: Murraya paniculata (sensu (Mabberley DJ, Taxon 65:366–371, 2016)), M. elongata, M. sumatrana and M. lucida. In addition, Murraya omphalocarpa was identified as a putative hybrid of M. paniculata and M. lucida with two geographically isolated nothovarieties representing reciprocal crosses. Murraya is monophyletic, and molecular dating suggests that it diverged from Merrillia during the Miocene (23–5 Ma) with this Murraya group speciating and dispersing during the Middle Miocene onwards. Conclusions The accessions from Asia and Australasia used in this study grouped into biogeographical regions that match herbarium specimen records for the taxa that suggest natural allopatric distributions with limited overlap and hybridity. Murraya paniculata has been distributed around the world as an ornamental plant. The division of the Murraya paniculata complex into four species with a rare hybrid also confirms morphological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Huy Nguyen
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Phường Đức Thắng, Quận Bắc Từ Liêm, Hà Nội, Việt Nam.,School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - G Andrew C Beattie
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Anthony M Haigh
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
| | - Inggit Puji Astuti
- Bogor Botanic Garden, Paledang, Tengah, Kota Bogor, Bogor, Jawa Barat, 16122, Indonesia
| | - David J Mabberley
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Garden, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia.,Wadham College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Peter H Weston
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Garden, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia
| | - Paul Holford
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
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Li ZZ, Wu S, Zou CY, Liu Y, Hu GW, Lehtonen S, Wang QF, Chen JM. Ottelia fengshanensis, a new bisexual species of Ottelia (Hydrocharitaceae) from southwestern China. PHYTOKEYS 2019; 135:1-10. [PMID: 31723331 PMCID: PMC6834765 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.135.38531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ottelia fengshanensis, a new species (Hydrocharitaceae) from southwest China is here described and illustrated. Comparing its morphological features to putative close relatives O. guanyangensis, it has 3-4 flowers (vs. 2-5) each spathe, hexagonal-cylindric fruit, white styles (vs. yellow), green leaves (vs. dark green) and fruit tiny winged (vs. winged obviously). Molecular phylogenetic investigation of four DNA sequences (ITS, rbcL, trnK5' intron and trnS-trnG) and the Poisson Tree Processes model for species delimitation (PTP) analysis, further resolves O. fengshanensis as a new species that is close to O. guanyangensis with distinct support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zhong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN-430074, ChinaWuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, CN-100049, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shuang Wu
- Guangxi Association for Science and Technology, CN-530022, ChinaGuangxi Association for Science and TechnologyGuangxiChina
| | - Chun-Yu Zou
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, CN-541006, ChinaGuangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilinChina
| | - Yan Liu
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, CN-541006, ChinaGuangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilinChina
| | - Guang-Wan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN-430074, ChinaWuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN-430074, ChinaSino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Samuli Lehtonen
- Herbarium, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku FI-20014 Turku, FinlandUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Qing-Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN-430074, ChinaWuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN-430074, ChinaSino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
| | - Jin-Ming Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, CN-430074, ChinaWuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanChina
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