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Allan AC, Gamaldo AA, Wright RS, Aiken-Morgan AT, Lee AK, Allaire JC, Thorpe RJ, Whitfield KE. Social support moderates association between area deprivation index and changes in physical health among adults in the Baltimore Study of Black Aging (BSBA). ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2024; 29:774-792. [PMID: 39003724 PMCID: PMC11410518 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2024.2376035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Despite the association of neighborhood quality with poorer adult health, limited research has explored the association between neighborhood disadvantage, e.g. Area Deprivation Index (ADI), and older Black adults' health, prospectively. This observational study examined the association between ADI and changes in longitudinal physical health within older Black adults. The analytic sample (n = 317) included data from waves 1 & 2 of the Baltimore Study of Black Aging: Patterns of Cognitive Aging (BSBA-PCA). Study variables included the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), objective (e.g. average heart rate) and subjective (e.g. activities of daily living) measures of physical health. Multiple linear regression models were conducted controlling for sociodemographic and social support characteristics. Participants living in more disadvantaged neighborhoods, based on national and state ADIs, were more likely to have a decreasing heart rate even after adjusting for covariates. Likewise, participants reporting increasing levels of ADL difficulty were living in a neighborhood with greater disadvantage based on national and state ADI rankings. Significant social support received and ADI (national and state) interactions were observed for average heart rate. The findings suggest that research on the effect of neighborhood quality and social support can enhance our understanding of its impact on older Black adults' health prospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa C Allan
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anna K Lee
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Jason C Allaire
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Roland J Thorpe
- Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Keith E Whitfield
- President, Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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Henricsson S, Bengtsson VW, Renvert S, Berglund JS, Lundegren N, Andersson P. Self-perceived oral health and orofacial appearance in an adult population, 60 years of age. Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:575-587. [PMID: 37369990 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to compare self-perceived oral health and orofacial appearance in three different cohorts of 60-year-old individuals. METHOD A cross-sectional design, based on data obtained from a questionnaire used in the Swedish National Study of Aging and Care. The sample comprised 478 individuals, from baseline, 2001-2003 (n = 191), 2007-2009 (n = 218) and 2014-2015 (n = 69). Comparisons were made within and between the cohorts, with bivariate analysis and Fisher's exact test. Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. RESULTS The result showed that a low number of the participants reported self-perceived problems with oral health. Of the problems reported, a higher proportion in cohort 2014-2015 (39.3%) experienced problems with bleeding gums. The experience of bleeding gums increased between the cohorts 2001-2003 and 2014-2015 (p = 0.040) and between 2007-2009 and 2014-2015 (p = 0.017). The prevalence of discomfort with sensitive teeth was experienced in 7%-32%. Twice as many women compared to men experienced discomfort in all cohorts (no significant differences between the cohorts). Satisfaction with dental appearance was experienced in 75%-84%. Twice as many women compared to men were dissatisfied with their dental appearance in 2001-2003 (p = 0.011) and with discoloured teeth (p = 0.020). No significant differences could be seen between the cohorts regarding discomfort with dental appearance or discoloured teeth. CONCLUSION The 60-year-olds irrespective of birth cohort, perceived their oral health and orofacial appearance as satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Henricsson
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
- Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Stefan Renvert
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
- Department of Health, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden
| | | | | | - Pia Andersson
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
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El-Sayed MM, Hawash MM, Khedr MA, Hafez SA, Salem ESAEH, Essa SA, Sayyd SM, El-Ashry AM. Cognitive flexibility's role in shaping self-perception of aging, body appreciation, and self-efficacy among community-dwelling older women. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:220. [PMID: 38561732 PMCID: PMC10983730 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01874-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive flexibility, the capacity to adjust to new information, affects how aging is perceived. In Egyptian culture, older women's views on aging are shaped by societal gender roles and expectations. These views influence their body image and belief in their abilities, all melded by cultural standards and values. AIM Investigate the mediating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between self-aging perception, body appreciation, and self-efficacy among community-dwelling older women. METHODS A correlational analytical design was used on 200 women aged 60 years or older using the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, Self-Perceptions of Aging, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Body Appreciation Scales. Structural equation modeling was used in the analysis. RESULTS The study found that cognitive flexibility is positively related to self-perception of aging and body appreciation and is also significantly related to general self-efficacy. However, no significant relationship was found between body appreciation and general self-efficacy. Additionally, the study found that cognitive flexibility partially mediates the relationship between self-perception of aging and body appreciation and fully mediates the relationship between body appreciation and self-efficacy. CONCLUSION Cognitive flexibility is vital in the relationships between self-perceptions of aging, body appreciation, and self-efficacy among older women. Therefore, nursing interventions targeting cognitive flexibility are recommended to promote positive self-aging perceptions, body appreciation, and self-efficacy in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Metwally El-Sayed
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Manal Mohammed Hawash
- Gerontological Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abdelwahab Khedr
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sarah Ali Hafez
- Gerontological Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - El-Saied Abd El-Hamid Salem
- Department of Fitness, Gymnastics, and Sports Shows, Faculty of Physical Education for Men, Abu Qir, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samir Abdelnaby Essa
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Education, Taibah University, Madinah, 41477, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer Mohammed Sayyd
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Education, Taibah University, Madinah, 41477, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Mohamed El-Ashry
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Irshad CV, Lekha PPS, Azeez EPA, Rajan SI. Active and productive ageing in India: evidence from the time use pattern of ageing adults. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:718. [PMID: 37932680 PMCID: PMC10626682 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing proportion of older adults in India, it becomes essential to get an insight into the various influencing factors of successful ageing. However, the literature on successful ageing is minuscule in the Indian context. The present study attempted to understand successful ageing in terms of active and productive ageing by exploring their determining factors. METHODS The data were extracted from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave-1 (2017-2018). We utilized self-reported time use information from the experimental module of the LASI. A total of 7837 ageing adults were included in the study. We employed descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis and a multinominal logistic regression model to examine the prevalence and the determinants of active and productive ageing. RESULTS The prevalence of inactive ageing was higher among the Indian ageing population (57.47%), followed by active ageing (29.59%) and productive ageing (12.94%). Poor sleep quality and the prevalence of morbidity and disability limited the ageing population from attaining active and productive ageing. Engagement in physical activity was significantly associated with active and productive ageing (β = 0.83, 99% CI: -0.72-0.94 and β = 0.82, 99% CI: 0.66-0.98), respectively. Rural ageing adults were more likely to attain active ageing and less likely to attain productive ageing. CONCLUSION Engagement in physical activities among the ageing population shall be promoted to attain active and productive ageing. Since the rural ageing population were less likely to attain productive ageing than their urban counterparts, opportunities to participate in more formal economic activities in rural areas could be promoted for the wellbeing of the second demographic dividend.
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Affiliation(s)
- C V Irshad
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
- The International Institute of Migration and Development, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - P Padma Sri Lekha
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - E P Abdul Azeez
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - S Irudaya Rajan
- The International Institute of Migration and Development, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
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Relph N, Taylor SL, Christian DL, Dey P, Owen MB. " Couch-to-5k or Couch to Ouch to Couch!?" Who Takes Part in Beginner Runner Programmes in the UK and Is Non-Completion Linked to Musculoskeletal Injury? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6682. [PMID: 37681822 PMCID: PMC10487403 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20176682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity has mental and physical health benefits; however, globally, three-quarters of the population do not meet physical activity guidelines. The Couch-to-5k is a beginner runner programme aimed at increasing physical activity. However, this programme lacks an evidence base, and it is unclear who is attracted to the programme; running also has a high rate of musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries. The aims of this study were to identify the characteristics of people taking part and the incidence of MSK injuries as well as exploring the experiences of people who dropped out of a modified 9-week Couch-to-5k programme. A total of 110 runners (average age was 47.1 ± 13.7 years) participated in the study, which involved completion of questionnaires (running experience and footwear information, quality of life (EQ-5D-5L), physical activity level (IPAQ-short form), MSK injury history and knee condition (SNAPPS and KOOS-PS)) at the start, middle and end of the programme and collecting sociodemographic information (age, gender, social economic status, relationship status, education level), as well as body mass index, running experience, footwear information, quality of life, physical activity levels, MSK injuries and knee condition. Fifteen drop-outs were interviewed to explore experiences of the programme. Runners were mainly females (81.8%) with an average age 47.1 years, average body mass index of 28.1 kg.m2, mainly from high socio-economic levels, married and educated to degree level. In total, 64% of the sample had previous running experience and were classified as active. Half the sample self-reported pain/discomfort and 37.2% reported anxiety/depression at the start of the programme via the EQ-5D-5L scale. Self-reported health scores increased (p = 0.047) between baseline (73.1 ± 18.8 out of 100) and at the midpoint (81.2 ± 11.6), but there were no significant differences between any other time points (end point 79.7 ± 17.5, p > 0.05). Twenty-one injuries were reported during the programme (19%). Previous injury increased the risk of new injury (OR 7.56 95% CI from 2.06 to 27.75). Only 27.3% completed the programme. Three themes emerged from interviews; MSK injury, negative emotions linked to non-completion and design of the programme. The Couch-to-5k may not attract diverse inactive populations, but future work with larger sample sizes is needed to substantiate this finding. Dropping out was linked to MSK injury and progressive design, so future programmes should consider including injury prevention advice and more flexible designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Relph
- Faculty of Health, Social Work and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK
| | - Sarah L. Taylor
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Danielle L. Christian
- Applied Health Research hub (AHRh), University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Paola Dey
- Faculty of Health, Social Work and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK
| | - Michael B. Owen
- Faculty of Health, Social Work and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK
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Yoon SJ, Jung JG, Ahn SK, Kim JS, Hong JH. Non-linear relationship between body mass index and self-rated health in older Korean adults: body image and sex considerations. Epidemiol Health 2023; 45:e2023061. [PMID: 37402412 PMCID: PMC10667579 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2023061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and self-rated health (SRH) in older adults aged over 65 years while examining the influence of self-perceived body image (SBI) and sex. METHODS Raw data were obtained from the Korea Community Health Survey, which included BMI measurements of Koreans aged over 65 years (n=59,628). Non-linear relationships between BMI and SRH were analyzed separately for each sex using restricted cubic splines while controlling for SBI and other confounding variables. RESULTS Men showed a reverse J-shaped association, while women showed a J-shaped association between BMI and poor SRH. However, including SBI in the model changed this association for men to an inverted U-shape showing a negative direction, with the highest risk of poor SRH observed in the underweight to overweight range. For women, a nearly linear positive relationship was observed. Regardless of BMI, those who perceived their weight as not "exactly the right weight" had a higher risk of poor SRH than those who perceived their weight as "exactly the right weight" in both men and women. Older men who thought they were much too fat or too thin had similar highest risks of poor SRH, whereas older women who thought they were too thin had the highest risk of poor SRH. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study emphasize the importance of considering sex and body image perceptions when assessing the relationship between BMI and SRH in older adults, especially in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Joon Yoon
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin-Gyu Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soon-Ki Ahn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong-Sung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jang-Hee Hong
- Clinical Trial Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
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Westerhof GJ, Nehrkorn-Bailey AM, Tseng HY, Brothers A, Siebert JS, Wurm S, Wahl HW, Diehl M. Longitudinal effects of subjective aging on health and longevity: An updated meta-analysis. Psychol Aging 2023; 38:147-166. [PMID: 36972091 PMCID: PMC10192139 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
This article updates and extends an earlier meta-analysis (Westerhof et al., 2014) on the longitudinal effects of subjective aging (SA) on health outcomes. A systematic search in different databases (APA PsycInfo, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) resulted in 99 articles, reporting on 107 studies. Participants: Studies had a median sample size of 1,863 adults with a median age of 66 years. A randomized effect meta-analysis showed a significant, small effect (likelihood ratio = 1.347; 95% confidence interval [1.300, 1.396]; p < .001), similar in magnitude to the previous meta-analysis of 19 studies. Although the results showed high heterogeneity in the longitudinal link between SA and health outcomes, there were no differences in effects according to chronological age of participants, welfare state status (more or less developed social security system), length of follow-up, type of health-related outcome, or quality of the study. Effects were stronger for multiitem measures of self-perceptions of aging than for the frequently used single-item measures assessing subjective age, especially for indicators of physical health. Based on this meta-analysis, building on five times more studies than the 2014 review, we consider the associations of measures of SA with health and longevity across time as robust, albeit small in size. Future research should concentrate on the clarification of pathways mediating the relation between SA and health outcomes, as well as potential bidirectional effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerben J. Westerhof
- Department of Psychology, Health, and Technology, University of Twente, The Netherlands
| | | | - Han-Yun Tseng
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University
| | - Allyson Brothers
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University
| | | | - Susanne Wurm
- Prevention Research and Social Medicine, Institute for Community Medicine, University of Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hans-Werner Wahl
- Institute of Psychology and Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Manfred Diehl
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University
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Boring BL, Richter A, Mathur VA. Higher self-perceived stress reactivity is associated with increased chronic pain risk. Pain Rep 2023; 8:e1068. [PMID: 36969912 PMCID: PMC10036055 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000001068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-perceived stress reactivity—how a person cognitively and emotionally responds to a stressor—is longitudinally associated with increased odds for the development of chronic pain. Introduction: Experiencing stress can contribute to unfavorable pain experiences, but outcomes vary across individuals. Evidence suggests that a person's specific reactivity to stressful events may influence pain responses. Previous studies measuring physiological stress reactivity have found associations with pain both clinically and in the laboratory. However, the time and cost required for testing physiological stress reactivity may limit clinical application. Objective: Self-reported perception of one's own stress reactivity has been shown to correlate with physiological stress reactivity in relation to health outcomes and may represent a valuable tool in clinical pain assessment. Methods: Using data from the Midlife in the US survey, we selected participants who did not have chronic pain at baseline (n = 1512) and who had data at follow-up 9 years later. Stress reactivity was assessed using a subscale of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire. We conducted a binary logistic regression to determine the odds of developing chronic pain, controlling for demographics and other health-related variables. Results: Results indicate that higher reported stress reactivity at baseline increased the odds of developing chronic pain at follow-up (odds ratio (OR) = 1.085, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.021, 1.153), P = 0.008), with the only other significant predictor being the number of chronic conditions (OR = 1.118, 95% CI (1.045, 1.197), P = 0.001). Conclusion: Findings provide evidence for the predictive criterion validity of self-reported stress reactivity in the context of chronic pain risk. More generally, with increased need for virtual assessment and care, self-reported stress reactivity may be a useful, time-efficient, and cost-efficient tool for predicting pain outcomes in research and clinical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L. Boring
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Corresponding author. Address: Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4235. Tel.: 979-458-6923. E-mail address: (B.L. Boring)
| | - Alison Richter
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Counseling and Human Services, St. Mary's University, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Vani A. Mathur
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Diversity Science Research Cluster, College Station, TX, USA
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, College Station, TX, USA
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Wang X, Qiu X. The Influence of Image Realism of Digital Endorsers on the Purchase Intention of Gift Products for the Elderly. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13010074. [PMID: 36661646 PMCID: PMC9854939 DOI: 10.3390/bs13010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Digital endorsers are already utilized extensively in various businesses. The major objective of the current study was to find out the impact of image realism of digital endorsers on the purchase intention of gift products for the elderly. We investigated this issue through three online experiments. Study 1 (n = 205) found that cartoon digital endorsers (vs. realistic digital endorsers) generate higher purchase intention for the product. Study 2 (n = 175) showed that perceived social value plays a mediating role in the relationship between the image realism of digital endorsers and purchase intention. Study 3 (n = 127) demonstrated the moderating role of information framing in the relationship between the image realism of digital endorsers and purchase intention. In all, our research extends the previous literature on digital human endorsements and advertising of elderly products and provides several managerial implications for consumers and marketers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Wang
- School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
- Neuromanagement Lab, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xingyi Qiu
- School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
- Correspondence:
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Lankila T, Puhakka S, Kärmeniemi M, Kangas M, Rusanen J, Korpelainen R. Residential history and changes in perceived health—The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study. Health Place 2022; 78:102931. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Tingvold M, Albert I, Hoffmann M, Murdock E, Nell J, Kornadt AE. Subjective age, worry and risk-related perceptions in older adults in times of a pandemic. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274293. [PMID: 36174067 PMCID: PMC9522013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
During the Covid-19 pandemic, older people have been in the spotlight of the public debate. Given their higher risk of severe outcomes of the disease, they have been described as especially vulnerable and as a burden to others and society. We thus wanted to investigate how older people’s perception of their own age, that is their subjective age, as well as their Covid-19 related risks and worries were related during the pandemic and whether these relationships varied according to participants’ subjective health. We used data from the longitudinal CRISIS study which was conducted in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg in June and October 2020. Participants were aged 60–98 and responded on questionnaires regarding their subjective age, worry of falling ill with Covid-19, perceived risk of contracting the virus, perceived risk of falling seriously ill if they contracted Covid-19, as well as their subjective health and covariates. Three cross-lagged panel models were constructed to explore the longitudinal, bidirectional relationships between the variables. Cross-sectionally, a higher subjective age was related to more perceived risk of a serious course of disease. Longitudinally, subjective age and worry did not show any significant association over time, and neither did subjective age and perceived risk of contracting the virus. However, subjective health significantly moderated the relationship of worry and subjective age, showing different trajectories in the relationship depending on whether subjective health was good or bad. Higher perceived risk of falling seriously ill increased subjective age over time. Again, subjective health moderated this relationship: the perceived risk of falling seriously ill affected subjective age only for those with better subjective health. Our findings show the interactive relationship between subjective age and Covid-19 related cognitions and emotions and provide guidance for identifying older people that are most susceptible for negative age-related communication during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiken Tingvold
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- * E-mail:
| | - Isabelle Albert
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | | | - Elke Murdock
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Josepha Nell
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Anna E. Kornadt
- Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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12
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Bermejo-Pareja F, Gómez de la Cámara A, Del Ser T, Contador I, Llamas-Velasco S, López-Arrieta JM, Martín-Arriscado C, Hernández-Gallego J, Vega S, Benito-León J. The health status: the ignored risk factor in dementia incidence. NEDICES cohort. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:1275-1283. [PMID: 35025095 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-02045-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causes of the dementia decrease in affluent countries are not well known but health amelioration could probably play a major role. Nevertheless, although many vascular and systemic disorders in adult life are well-known risk factors (RF) for dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD), health status is rarely considered as a single RF. AIM To analyse whether the health status and the self-perceived health (SPH) could be RF for dementia and AD and to discuss its biological basis. METHODS We analysed different objective health measures and SPH as RF for dementia and AD incidence in 4569 participants of the NEDICES cohort by means of Cox-regression models. The mean follow-up period was 3.2 (range: 0.03-6.6) years. RESULTS Ageing, low education, history of stroke, and "poor" SPH were the main RF for dementia and AD incidence, whereas physical activity was protective. "Poor" SPH had a hazard ratio = 1.66 (95% CI 1.17-2.46; p = 0.012) after controlling for different confounders. DISCUSSION According to data from NEDICES cohort, SPH is a better predictor of dementia and AD than other more objective health status proxies. SPH should be considered a holistic and biologically rooted indicator of health status, which can predict future development of dementia and AD in older adults. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that it is worthwhile to include the SPH status as a RF in the studies of dementia and AD incidence and to explore the effect of its improvement in the evolution of this incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Bermejo-Pareja
- Research Institute (Imas12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba S/N, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Gómez de la Cámara
- Research Institute (Imas12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba S/N, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teodoro Del Ser
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Israel Contador
- Department of Basic Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology of Behavioural Science, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sara Llamas-Velasco
- Research Institute (Imas12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba S/N, 28041, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Cristina Martín-Arriscado
- Research Institute (Imas12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba S/N, 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Hernández-Gallego
- Research Institute (Imas12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba S/N, 28041, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Julián Benito-León
- Research Institute (Imas12), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. de Córdoba S/N, 28041, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
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Francisco PMSB, Assumpção DD, Bacurau AGDM, Silva DSMD, Malta DC, Borim FSA. Multimorbidity and use of health services in the oldest old in Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2021; 24:e210014. [PMID: 34910068 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720210014.supl.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity in long-lived Brazilian individuals (age ≥80 years) and to associated it with the use of health services. METHODS Cross-sectional population-based study with data from the 2019 National Survey of Health (n=6,098). Frequencies of use of services were estimated for older people with multimorbidity and according to sex, health insurance ownership, and self-rated health. The prevalence rates, crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, and the respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS The average age of the older adults was 85 years and about 62% were women; the prevalence of multimorbidity was 57.1%, higher in women, in those who have health insurance, and who reside in the southern region of the country (p<0.05). In the oldest old with multimorbidity, the use of services in the last 15 days reached 64.6%, and more than 70% were hospitalized in the last year or did not carry out activities in the previous two weeks for health reasons. Differences were observed for the indicators of service use in relation to sex, health insurance ownership, and self-rated health, according to multimorbidity. CONCLUSION Indicators for the use of health services were higher in older individuals who have two or more chronic diseases, regardless of sociodemographic conditions and self-rated health, showing the impact of multimorbidity per se in determining the use of services among the oldest old.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela de Assumpção
- School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, - Campinas (SP), Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Flávia Silva Arbex Borim
- School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, - Campinas (SP), Brazil.,School of Health Sciences, Universidade de Brasília- Brasília (DF), Brazil
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Cinaroglu S. Interaction Between Self-rated Health and Labour Force Participation: A Panel Data Probit Model with Survival Estimates. JOURNAL OF HEALTH MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/09720634211050483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to reveal the relationship between health and labour in Turkey under the intervention of demographic variables. Four waves of the TurkStat Income and Living Conditions Panel Survey (2008–2011) were used. Demographic, education, self-rated health and labour force participation indicators were used to examine different generalised linear model (GLM)-like panel binomial probit model specifications using self-assessed health (SAH) status and self-reported working status (SRWS) as dependent variables. Kaplan–Meier (KM) estimates for the probability of survival in SAH and SRWS were examined using the X2 values of the log-rank and Peto–Peto–Prentice tests for equality of survivor functions by study variables. Study results reveal that the hazard of assessing good health and currently working increases for individuals who are married ( p < 0.001), highly educated ( p < 0.001), do not have any chronic disease ( p < 0.001), do not have any health restrictions ( p < 0.001) and occupy high-qualification jobs ( p < 0.001). KM estimates support the panel model results. The present study reveals that demographic, education, self-rated health and labour force participation are the driving forces in the interaction of health and labour dynamics. Reducing income inequality, increasing the minimum wage and improving working conditions, while promoting gender equality, are essentials of better management of health and labour markets.
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Madan J, Blonquist T, Rao E, Marwaha A, Mehra J, Bharti R, Sharma N, Samaddar R, Pandey S, Mah E, Shete V, Chu Y, Chen O. Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic-Induced Dietary and Lifestyle Changes and Their Associations with Perceived Health Status and Self-Reported Body Weight Changes in India: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113682. [PMID: 34835938 PMCID: PMC8620355 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Home confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic is accompanied by dramatic changes in lifestyle and dietary behaviors that can significantly influence health. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey to assess COVID-19 pandemic-induced dietary and lifestyle changes and their association with perceived health status and self-reported body weight changes among 1000 Indian adults in early 2021. Positive improvements in dietary habits, e.g., eating more nutritious (85% of participants) and home-cooked food (89%) and an increase in overall nutrition intake (79%), were observed. Sixty-five percent of participants self-reported increased oat consumption to support immunity. There were some negative changes, e.g., more binge eating (69%), eating more in between meals (67%), and increasing meal portion size (72%). Two-thirds of participants reported no change in lifestyles, whereas 21 and 23% reported an increase, and 13 and 10% reported a decrease in physical activity and sleep, respectively. Overall, 64 and 65% of participants reported an improvement in perceived health and an increase in body weight during the COVID-19 period compared to pre-COVID-19, respectively. The top motivations for improving dietary habits included improving physical and mental health and building immunity. In conclusion, the overall perceived health was improved and there was an increase in self-reported body weight in most participants during COVID-19. Diet emerged as the most crucial determinant for these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagmeet Madan
- Sir Vithaldas Thackersey College of Home Science (Autonomous), Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Women’s University, Mumbai 400049, India;
| | - Traci Blonquist
- Biofortis Research, Merieux NutriSciences, Addison, IL 60101, USA; (T.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Eram Rao
- Department of Food Technology, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110075, India;
| | - Ankita Marwaha
- PepsiCo, Inc., Gurugram 122022, India; (J.M.); (R.B.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (O.C.)
| | - Joshya Mehra
- PepsiCo, Inc., Gurugram 122022, India; (J.M.); (R.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Richa Bharti
- PepsiCo, Inc., Gurugram 122022, India; (J.M.); (R.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Nishi Sharma
- PepsiCo, Inc., Gurugram 122022, India; (J.M.); (R.B.); (N.S.)
| | | | | | - Eunice Mah
- Biofortis Research, Merieux NutriSciences, Addison, IL 60101, USA; (T.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Varsha Shete
- PepsiCo, Inc., Barrington, IL 60010, USA; (V.S.); (Y.C.)
| | - YiFang Chu
- PepsiCo, Inc., Barrington, IL 60010, USA; (V.S.); (Y.C.)
| | - Oliver Chen
- Biofortis Research, Merieux NutriSciences, Addison, IL 60101, USA; (T.B.); (E.M.)
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (O.C.)
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Petashnick JR, Shrira A, Hoffman Y, Palgi Y, Kavé G, Shmotkin D. Subjective Age and Late-Life Functional Status: Mediating and Moderating Effects. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 77:61-70. [PMID: 34608493 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study examined the longitudinal relationships between subjective age (SA) and future functional status in later life, via depressive symptoms. Additionally, we assessed the role of subjective nearness to death (SNtD) as a potential moderator within these pathways. METHODS Older adults (average age 81.14 at T1) were interviewed once a year for three consecutive years (N=224 at T1, N=178 at T2, and N=164 at T3), Participants reported their SA, SNtD, depressive symptoms, and functional status. Additionally, grip strength was employed as an objective measure of functional status. RESULTS Data analysis revealed distinct pathways leading from T1 SA to T3 functional status through T2 depressive symptoms. Moreover, T1 SNtD was found to significantly moderate most of these indirect pathways, so that the mediation model of T1 SA-T2 depressive symptoms-T3 functional status was mostly significant among those who felt closer to death. DISCUSSION The findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanism through which SA predicts long-term functioning sequelae by underscoring the indirect effect of depressive symptoms. They further indicate the importance of gauging the effects of SNtD on these longitudinal relationships. Present results may further contribute to establishing an integrative model for predicting long-term functional outcomes based on older adults' earlier subjective views of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel R Petashnick
- The Interdisciplinary Department for Social Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Amit Shrira
- The Interdisciplinary Department for Social Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Yaakov Hoffman
- The Interdisciplinary Department for Social Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Yuval Palgi
- Department of Gerontology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gitit Kavé
- Department of Education and Psychology, The Open University, Ra'anana, Israel
| | - Dov Shmotkin
- School of Psychological Sciences and Herczeg Institute on Aging, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Manjunath NK, Majumdar V, Rozzi A, Huiru W, Mishra A, Kimura K, Nagarathna R, Nagendra HR. Health Perceptions and Adopted Lifestyle Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-National Survey. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e23630. [PMID: 33900928 PMCID: PMC8171386 DOI: 10.2196/23630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social isolation measures are requisites to control viral spread during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, if these measures are implemented for a long period of time, they can result in adverse modification of people's health perceptions and lifestyle behaviors. OBJECTIVE The aim of this cross-national survey was to address the lack of adequate real-time data on the public response to changes in lifestyle behavior during the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A cross-national web-based survey was administered using Google Forms during the month of April 2020. The settings were China, Japan, Italy, and India. There were two primary outcomes: (1) response to the health scale, defined as perceived health status, a combined score of health-related survey items; and (2) adoption of healthy lifestyle choices, defined as the engagement of the respondent in any two of three healthy lifestyle choices (healthy eating habits, engagement in physical activity or exercise, and reduced substance use). Statistical associations were assessed with linear and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS We received 3371 responses; 1342 were from India (39.8%), 983 from China (29.2%), 669 from Italy (19.8%), and 377 (11.2%) from Japan. A differential countrywise response was observed toward perceived health status; the highest scores were obtained for Indian respondents (9.43, SD 2.43), and the lowest were obtained for Japanese respondents (6.81, SD 3.44). Similarly, countrywise differences in the magnitude of the influence of perceptions on health status were observed; perception of interpersonal relationships was most pronounced in the comparatively old Italian and Japanese respondents (β=.68 and .60, respectively), and the fear response was most pronounced in Chinese respondents (β=.71). Overall, 78.4% of the respondents adopted at least two healthy lifestyle choices amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Unlike health status, the influence of perception of interpersonal relationships on the adoption of lifestyle choices was not unanimous, and it was absent in the Italian respondents (odds ratio 1.93, 95% CI 0.65-5.79). The influence of perceived health status was a significant predictor of lifestyle change across all the countries, most prominently by approximately 6-fold in China and Italy. CONCLUSIONS The overall consistent positive influence of increased interpersonal relationships on health perceptions and adopted lifestyle behaviors during the pandemic is the key real-time finding of the survey. Favorable behavioral changes should be bolstered through regular virtual interpersonal interactions, particularly in countries with an overall middle-aged or older population. Further, controlling the fear response of the public through counseling could also help improve health perceptions and lifestyle behavior. However, the observed human behavior needs to be viewed within the purview of cultural disparities, self-perceptions, demographic variances, and the influence of countrywise phase variations of the pandemic. The observations derived from a short lockdown period are preliminary, and real insight could only be obtained from a longer follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijaya Majumdar
- Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana University, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Wang Huiru
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Klusmann
- Department of Psychology, Psychological Assessment and Health Psychology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
- Department of Psychology and Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna E. Kornadt
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, Université du Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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