1
|
Friend NE, McCoy AJ, Stegemann JP, Putnam AJ. A combination of matrix stiffness and degradability dictate microvascular network assembly and remodeling in cell-laden poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels. Biomaterials 2023; 295:122050. [PMID: 36812843 PMCID: PMC10191204 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The formation of functional capillary blood vessels that can sustain the metabolic demands of transplanted parenchymal cells remains one of the biggest challenges to the clinical realization of engineered tissues for regenerative medicine. As such, there remains a need to better understand the fundamental influences of the microenvironment on vascularization. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels have been widely adopted to interrogate the influence of matrix physicochemical properties on cellular phenotypes and morphogenetic programs, including the formation of microvascular networks, in part due to the ease with which their properties can be controlled. In this study, we co-encapsulated endothelial cells and fibroblasts in PEG-norbornene (PEGNB) hydrogels in which stiffness and degradability were tuned to assess their independent and synergistic effects on vessel network formation and cell-mediated matrix remodeling longitudinally. Specifically, we achieved a range of stiffnesses and differing rates of degradation by varying the crosslinking ratio of norbornenes to thiols and incorporating either one (sVPMS) or two (dVPMS) cleavage sites within the matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) sensitive crosslinker, respectively. In less degradable sVPMS gels, decreasing the crosslinking ratio (thereby decreasing the initial stiffness) supported enhanced vascularization. When degradability was increased in dVPMS gels, all crosslinking ratios supported robust vascularization regardless of initial mechanical properties. The vascularization in both conditions was coincident with the deposition of extracellular matrix proteins and cell-mediated stiffening, which was greater in dVPMS conditions after a week of culture. Collectively, these results indicate that enhanced cell-mediated remodeling of a PEG hydrogel, achieved either by reduced crosslinking or increased degradability, leads to more rapid vessel formation and higher degrees of cell-mediated stiffening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E Friend
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Atticus J McCoy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Jan P Stegemann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Andrew J Putnam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Williams TJ, Jeevarathinam AS, Jivan F, Baldock V, Kim P, McShane MJ, Alge DL. Glucose biosensors based on Michael addition crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels with chemo-optical sensing microdomains. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:1749-1759. [PMID: 36723375 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02339c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices have the potential to lead to better disease management and improved outcomes in patients with diabetes. Chemo-optical glucose sensors offer a promising, accurate, long-term alternative to the current CGMs that require frequent calibration and replacement. Recently, we have proposed glucose sensor designs using phosphorescence lifetime-based measurement of chemo-optical glucose sensing microdomains embedded within alginate hydrogels. Due to the poor long-term stability of calcium-crosslinked alginate, we propose poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels synthesized via thiol-Michael addition chemistry as an alternative hydrogel carrier. The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of Michael addition crosslinked PEG hydrogels compared to calcium crosslinked alginate hydrogels for encapsulating glucose-sensing microdomains. PEG hydrogels crosslinked via thiol-vinyl sulfone addition achieved gelation in under 5 minutes, resulting in an even distribution of sensing microdomains. The shear storage modulus of the PEG hydrogels was tunable from 2.2 ± 0.1 kPa to 9.5 ± 1.8 kPa, which was comparable to the alginate hydrogels (10.5 ± 0.8 kPa), and the inclusion of microdomains did not significantly impact stiffness. The high water content of PEG hydrogels resulted in high glucose permeability that closely corresponded to the glucose permeability of alginate (D = 0.09 and 0.12 cm2 s-1, respectively; p = 0.47), but the PEG hydrogels exhibited superior stability. Both PEG and alginate-embedded sensors exhibited a sensing range up to ∼200 mg dL-1 glucose. The lower limits of detection (LOD) for PEG and alginate-based glucose sensors were 19.8 and 20.6 mg dL-1 with a difference of just 4.2% variation. The small difference between PEG and alginate embedded sensors indicates that their sensing properties are primarily determined by the glucose sensing microdomains rather than the hydrogel matrix. Overall, the results of this study indicate that Michael addition-crosslinked PEG hydrogels are a promising platform for encapsulation of chemo-optical glucose sensing microdomains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyrell J Williams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
| | | | - Faraz Jivan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
| | - Victoria Baldock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
| | - Paul Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
| | - Michael J McShane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel L Alge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu Y, Tang Z, Zhang J, Wang Y, Liu S. Restoration of spinal cord injury: From endogenous repairing process to cellular therapy. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1077441. [PMID: 36523818 PMCID: PMC9744968 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1077441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts neurological pathways and impacts sensory, motor, and autonomic nerve function. There is no effective treatment for SCI currently. Numerous endogenous cells, including astrocytes, macrophages/microglia, and oligodendrocyte, are involved in the histological healing process following SCI. By interfering with cells during the SCI repair process, some advancements in the therapy of SCI have been realized. Nevertheless, the endogenous cell types engaged in SCI repair and the current difficulties these cells confront in the therapy of SCI are poorly defined, and the mechanisms underlying them are little understood. In order to better understand SCI and create new therapeutic strategies and enhance the clinical translation of SCI repair, we have comprehensively listed the endogenous cells involved in SCI repair and summarized the six most common mechanisms involved in SCI repair, including limiting the inflammatory response, protecting the spared spinal cord, enhancing myelination, facilitating neovascularization, producing neurotrophic factors, and differentiating into neural/colloidal cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shengwen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao D, Ernst AU, Wang X, Wang L, Liu W, Ma M. Engineering a Hierarchical Biphasic Gel for Subcutaneous Vascularization. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200922. [PMID: 35894816 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Implanted cell-containing grafts require a robust and functional vasculature to supply oxygen and nutrients, as well as clear metabolic waste products. However, it remains challenging to fabricate tunable, vascular-promoting scaffolds without incorporating additional biologics. Here, a biphasic gel consisting of a highly porous aerogel and a degradable fibrin hydrogel for inducing vascularization is presented. The highly porous (>90%) and stable aerogel is assembled from short microfibers by being dispersed in an aqueous solution that can be 3D printed into various configurations. The biphasic gel demonstrates good compression-resistance: 70.30% Young's modulus is recovered over 20 cycles of 65% compression under water. Furthermore, it is confirmed that tissue cells and blood vessels can penetrate a thick (≈3 mm) biphasic gel in the subcutaneous space of mice. Finally, the biphasic gel doubles the vascular ingrowth compared to a composite of a commercial surgical polyester felt and a fibrin hydrogel upon subcutaneous implantation in mice after 4 weeks. The design of this biphasic gel may advance the development of vascularized scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daqian Gao
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Alexander U Ernst
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Longhai Wang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Wanjun Liu
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.,Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Farino Reyes CJ, Slater JH. Tuning Hydrogel Adhesivity and Degradability to Model the Influence of Premetastatic Niche Matrix Properties on Breast Cancer Dormancy and Reactivation. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2200012. [PMID: 35277951 PMCID: PMC9090988 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2000] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Dormant, disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) can persist for decades in secondary tissues before being reactivated to form tumors. The properties of the premetastatic niche can influence the DTC phenotype. To better understand how matrix properties of premetastatic niches influence DTC behavior, three hydrogel formulations are implemented to model a permissive niche and two nonpermissive niches. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogels with varying adhesivity ([RGDS]) and degradability ([N-vinyl pyrrolidinone]) are implemented to mimic a permissive niche with high adhesivity and degradability and two nonpermissive niches, one with moderate adhesivity and degradability and one with no adhesivity and high degradability. The influence of matrix properties on estrogen receptor positive (ER+ ) breast cancer cells (MCF7s) is determined via a multimetric analysis. MCF7s cultured in the permissive niche adopted a growth state, while those in the nonpermissive niche with reduced adhesivity and degradability underwent tumor mass dormancy. Complete removal of adhesivity while maintaining high degradability induced single cell dormancy. The ability to mimic reactivation of dormant cells through a dynamic increase in [RGDS] is also demonstrated. This platform provides the capability of inducing growth, dormancy, and reactivation of ER+ breast cancer and can be useful in understanding how premetastatic niche properties influence cancer cell fate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cindy J. Farino Reyes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Delaware 590 Avenue 1743, Biomedical Engineering Newark DE 19713 USA
| | - John H. Slater
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Delaware 590 Avenue 1743, Biomedical Engineering Newark DE 19713 USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Suppression of the fibrotic encapsulation of silicone implants by inhibiting the mechanical activation of pro-fibrotic TGF-β. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:1437-1456. [PMID: 34031559 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00722-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The fibrotic encapsulation of implants involves the mechanical activation of myofibroblasts and of pro-fibrotic transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). Here, we show that both softening of the implant surfaces and inhibition of the activation of TGF-β1 reduce the fibrotic encapsulation of subcutaneous silicone implants in mice. Conventionally stiff silicones (elastic modulus, ~2 MPa) coated with a soft silicone layer (elastic modulus, ~2 kPa) reduced collagen deposition as well as myofibroblast activation without affecting the numbers of macrophages and their polarization states. Instead, fibroblasts around stiff implants exhibited enhanced intracellular stress, increased the recruitment of αv and β1 integrins, and activated TGF-β1 signalling. In vitro, the recruitment of αv integrin to focal adhesions and the activation of β1 integrin and of TGF-β were higher in myofibroblasts grown on latency-associated peptide (LAP)-coated stiff silicones than on soft silicones. Antagonizing αv integrin binding to LAP through the small-molecule inhibitor CWHM-12 suppressed active TGF-β signalling, myofibroblast activation and the fibrotic encapsulation of stiff subcutaneous implants in mice.
Collapse
|
7
|
Isolating and characterizing lymphatic endothelial progenitor cells for potential therapeutic lymphangiogenic applications. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:191-202. [PMID: 34384911 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic dysfunction is associated with the progression of several vascular disorders, though currently, there are limited strategies to promote new lymphatic vasculature (i.e., lymphangiogenesis) to restore lost lymphatic function. One promising approach to stimulate lymphangiogenesis involves delivering endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are naturally involved in de novo blood vessel formation and have recently been identified to include a lymphatic subpopulation. However, the contribution of lymphatic EPCs in lymphangiogenesis is not clear and challenges with maintaining the activity of transplanted EPCs remain. Thus, the objective of this study was to isolate lymphatic EPCs from human umbilical cord blood and characterize their role in the initial stages of blood or lymphatic vasculature formation. Furthermore, this study also tested the applicability of alginate hydrogels to deliver lymphatic EPCs for a possible therapeutic application. We postulated and confirmed that blood and lymphatic EPC colonies could be isolated from human umbilical cord blood. Additionally, EPC populations responded to either angiogenic or lymphangiogenic growth factors and could stimulate their respective mature endothelial cells in vasculature models in vitro. Finally, lymphatic EPCs maintained their ability to promote lymphatic sprouts after prolonged interactions with the alginate hydrogel microenvironment. These results suggest EPCs have both a blood and a lymphatic population that have specific roles in promoting revascularization and highlight the potential of alginate hydrogels for the delivery of lymphatic EPCs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite the potential therapeutic benefit of promoting lymphatic vasculature, lymphangiogenesis remains understudied. One appealing strategy for promoting lymphangiogenesis involves delivering lymphatic endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are a subpopulation of EPCs involved in de novo vessel formation. Here, we investigate the role of isolated blood and lymphatic EPC subpopulations in promoting the early stages of vascularization and the utility of alginate hydrogels to deliver lymphatic EPCs. We determined that EPCs had two populations that expressed either blood or lymphatic markers, could stimulate their respective mature vasculature in tissue constructs and that alginate hydrogels maintained the therapeutic potential of lymphatic EPCs. We anticipate this work could support promising biomaterial applications of EPCs to promote revascularization, which could have many therapeutic applications.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kreimendahl F, Kniebs C, Tavares Sobreiro AM, Schmitz-Rode T, Jockenhoevel S, Thiebes AL. FRESH bioprinting technology for tissue engineering - the influence of printing process and bioink composition on cell behavior and vascularization. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2021; 19:22808000211028808. [PMID: 34282976 DOI: 10.1177/22808000211028808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid and tailored biofabrication of natural materials is of high interest for the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Scaffolds require both high biocompatibility and tissue-dependent mechanical strength to function as basis for tissue-engineered implants. Thus, natural hydrogels such as fibrin are promising but their rapid biofabrication remains challenging. Printing of low viscosity and slow polymerizing solutions with good spatial resolution can be achieved by freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels (FRESH) bioprinting of cell-laden natural hydrogels. In this study, fibrin and hyaluronic acid were used as single components as well as blended ink mixtures for the FRESH bioprinting. Rheometry revealed that single materials were less viscous than the blended bioink showing higher values for viscosity over a shear rate of 10-1000 s-1. While fibrin showed viscosities between 0.1624 and 0.0017 Pa·s, the blended ink containing fibrin and hyaluronic acid were found to be in a range of 0.1-1 Pa·s. In 3D vascularization assays, formation of vascular structures within the printed constructs was investigated indicating that the printing process did not harm cells and allowed formation of vasculature comparable to moulded control samples. Best values for vascularization were achieved in bioinks consisting of 1.0% fibrin-0.5% hyaluronic acid. The vascular structure area and length were three times higher compared to other tested bioinks, and structure volume as well as number of branches revealed almost four times higher values. In this study, we combined the benefits of the FRESH printing technique with in vitro vascularization, showing that it is possible to achieve a mechanically stable small-scale hydrogel construct incorporating vascular network formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Kreimendahl
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Kniebs
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Margarida Tavares Sobreiro
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz-Rode
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Anja Lena Thiebes
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Geleen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang K, Feng Q, Fang Z, Gu L, Bian L. Structurally Dynamic Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: Pursuing a Fine Balance between Macroscopic Stability and Microscopic Dynamics. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11149-11193. [PMID: 34189903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their unique chemical and physical properties, hydrogels are attracting increasing attention in both basic and translational biomedical studies. Although the classical hydrogels with static networks have been widely reported for decades, a growing number of recent studies have shown that structurally dynamic hydrogels can better mimic the dynamics and functions of natural extracellular matrix (ECM) in soft tissues. These synthetic materials with defined compositions can recapitulate key chemical and biophysical properties of living tissues, providing an important means to understanding the mechanisms by which cells sense and remodel their surrounding microenvironments. This review begins with the overall expectation and design principles of dynamic hydrogels. We then highlight recent progress in the fabrication strategies of dynamic hydrogels including both degradation-dependent and degradation-independent approaches, followed by their unique properties and use in biomedical applications such as regenerative medicine, drug delivery, and 3D culture. Finally, challenges and emerging trends in the development and application of dynamic hydrogels are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunyu Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Qian Feng
- Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Fang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Luo Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Liming Bian
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Induction of Neurogenesis and Angiogenesis in a Rat Hemisection Spinal Cord Injury Model With Combined Neural Stem Cell, Endothelial Progenitor Cell, and Biomimetic Hydrogel Matrix Therapy. Crit Care Explor 2021; 3:e0436. [PMID: 34151277 PMCID: PMC8205216 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute spinal cord injury is a devastating injury that may lead to loss of independent function. Stem-cell therapies have shown promise; however, a clinically efficacious stem-cell therapy has yet to be developed. Functionally, endothelial progenitor cells induce angiogenesis, and neural stem cells induce neurogenesis. In this study, we explored using a multimodal therapy combining endothelial progenitor cells with neural stem cells encapsulated in a bioactive biomimetic hydrogel matrix to facilitate stem cell-induced neurogenesis and angiogenesis in a rat hemisection spinal cord injury model. DESIGN Laboratory experimentation. SETTING University laboratory. SUBJECTS Female Fischer 344 rats. INTERVENTIONS Three groups of rats: 1) control, 2) biomimetic hydrogel therapy, and 3) combined neural stem cell, endothelial progenitor cell, biomimetic hydrogel therapy underwent right-sided spinal cord hemisection at T9-T10. The blinded Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan motor score was obtained weekly; after 4 weeks, observational histologic analysis of the injured spinal cords was completed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Blinded Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan motor score of the hind limb revealed significantly improved motor function in rats treated with combined neural stem cell, endothelial progenitor cell, and biomimetic hydrogel therapy (p < 0.05) compared with the control group. The acellular biomimetic hydrogel group did not demonstrate a significant improvement in motor function compared with the control group. Immunohistochemistry evaluation of the injured spinal cords demonstrated de novo neurogenesis and angiogenesis in the combined neural stem cell, endothelial progenitor cell, and biomimetic hydrogel therapy group, whereas, in the control group, a gap or scar was found in the injured spinal cord. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates proof of concept that multimodal therapy with endothelial progenitor cells and neural stem cells combined with a bioactive biomimetic hydrogel can be used to induce de novo CNS tissue in an injured rat spinal cord.
Collapse
|
11
|
Esdaille CJ, Washington KS, Laurencin CT. Regenerative engineering: a review of recent advances and future directions. Regen Med 2021; 16:495-512. [PMID: 34030463 PMCID: PMC8356698 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2021-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative engineering is defined as the convergence of the disciplines of advanced material science, stem cell science, physics, developmental biology and clinical translation for the regeneration of complex tissues and organ systems. It is an expansion of tissue engineering, which was first developed as a method of repair and restoration of human tissue. In the past three decades, advances in regenerative engineering have made it possible to treat a variety of clinical challenges by utilizing cutting-edge technology currently available to harness the body's healing and regenerative abilities. The emergence of new information in developmental biology, stem cell science, advanced material science and nanotechnology have provided promising concepts and approaches to regenerate complex tissues and structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caldon J Esdaille
- Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20011, USA
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Raymond & Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical & Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Kenyatta S Washington
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Raymond & Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical & Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Cato T Laurencin
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Raymond & Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical & Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
He YJ, Santana MF, Staneviciute A, Pimentel MB, Yang F, Goes J, Kawaji K, Vaicik MK, Abdulhadi R, Hibino N, Papavasiliou G. Cell-Laden Gradient Hydrogel Scaffolds for Neovascularization of Engineered Tissues. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001706. [PMID: 33511790 PMCID: PMC8035317 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gradients in mechanical properties, physical architecture and biochemical composition exist in a variety of complex tissues, yet 3D in vitro models that enable investigation of these cues on cellular processes, especially those contributing to vascularization of engineered tissues are limited. Here, a photopolymerization approach to create cell-laden hydrogel biomaterials with decoupled and combined gradients in modulus, immobilized cell adhesive peptide (RGD) concentration, and proteolytic degradation enabling spatial encapsulation of vascular spheroids is reported to elucidate their impact on vascular sprouting in 3D culture. Vascular spheroids encapsulated in these gradient scaffolds exhibit spatial variations in total sprout length. Scaffolds presenting an immobilized RGD gradient promote biased vascular sprouting toward increasing RGD concentration. Importantly, biased sprouting is found to be dependent on immobilized RGD gradient characteristics, including magnitude and slope, with increases in these factors contributing to significant enhancements in biased sprouting responses. Conversely, reduction in biased sprouting responses is observed in combined gradient scaffolds possessing opposing gradients in RGD and modulus. The presented work is the first to demonstrate the use of a cell-laden biomaterial platform to systematically investigate the role of multiple scaffold gradients as well as gradient slope, magnitude and orientation on vascular sprouting responses in 3D culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng J He
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Suit E500, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Martin F Santana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn Street, Suite 314, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Austeja Staneviciute
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn Street, Suite 314, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Marja B Pimentel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn Street, Suite 314, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Feipeng Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn Street, Suite 314, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Jacob Goes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn Street, Suite 314, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Keigo Kawaji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn Street, Suite 314, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Marcella K Vaicik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn Street, Suite 314, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Rayan Abdulhadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn Street, Suite 314, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Narutoshi Hibino
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Suit E500, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Georgia Papavasiliou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn Street, Suite 314, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ning L, Gil CJ, Hwang B, Theus AS, Perez L, Tomov ML, Bauser-Heaton H, Serpooshan V. Biomechanical factors in three-dimensional tissue bioprinting. APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS 2020; 7:041319. [PMID: 33425087 PMCID: PMC7780402 DOI: 10.1063/5.0023206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting techniques have shown great promise in various fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Yet, creating a tissue construct that faithfully represents the tightly regulated composition, microenvironment, and function of native tissues is still challenging. Among various factors, biomechanics of bioprinting processes play fundamental roles in determining the ultimate outcome of manufactured constructs. This review provides a comprehensive and detailed overview on various biomechanical factors involved in tissue bioprinting, including those involved in pre, during, and post printing procedures. In preprinting processes, factors including viscosity, osmotic pressure, and injectability are reviewed and their influence on cell behavior during the bioink preparation is discussed, providing a basic guidance for the selection and optimization of bioinks. In during bioprinting processes, we review the key characteristics that determine the success of tissue manufacturing, including the rheological properties and surface tension of the bioink, printing flow rate control, process-induced mechanical forces, and the in situ cross-linking mechanisms. Advanced bioprinting techniques, including embedded and multi-material printing, are explored. For post printing steps, general techniques and equipment that are used for characterizing the biomechanical properties of printed tissue constructs are reviewed. Furthermore, the biomechanical interactions between printed constructs and various tissue/cell types are elaborated for both in vitro and in vivo applications. The review is concluded with an outlook regarding the significance of biomechanical processes in tissue bioprinting, presenting future directions to address some of the key challenges faced by the bioprinting community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Ning
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Carmen J. Gil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Boeun Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Andrea S. Theus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Lilanni Perez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Martin L. Tomov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Holly Bauser-Heaton
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Telephone: 404-712-9717. Fax: 404-727-9873
| | - Vahid Serpooshan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Telephone: 404-712-9717. Fax: 404-727-9873
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Arkenberg MR, Nguyen HD, Lin CC. Recent advances in bio-orthogonal and dynamic crosslinking of biomimetic hydrogels. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:7835-7855. [PMID: 32692329 PMCID: PMC7574327 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01429j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, dynamic, 'click' hydrogels have been applied in numerous biomedical applications. Owing to the mild, cytocompatible, and highly specific reaction kinetics, a multitude of orthogonal handles have been developed for fabricating dynamic hydrogels to facilitate '4D' cell culture. The high degree of tunability in crosslinking reactions of orthogonal 'click' chemistry has enabled a bottom-up approach to install specific biomimicry in an artificial extracellular matrix. In addition to click chemistry, highly specific enzymatic reactions are also increasingly used for network crosslinking and for spatiotemporal control of hydrogel properties. On the other hand, covalent adaptable chemistry has been used to recapitulate the viscoelastic component of biological tissues and for formulating self-healing and shear-thinning hydrogels. The common feature of these three classes of chemistry (i.e., orthogonal click chemistry, enzymatic reactions, and covalent adaptable chemistry) is that they can be carried out under ambient and aqueous conditions, a prerequisite for maintaining cell viability for in situ cell encapsulation and post-gelation modification of network properties. Due to their orthogonality, different chemistries can also be applied sequentially to provide additional biochemical and mechanical control to guide cell behavior. Herein, we review recent advances in the use of orthogonal click chemistry, enzymatic reactions, and covalent adaptable chemistry for the development of dynamically tunable and biomimetic hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Arkenberg
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
The specific microenvironment that cells reside in fundamentally impacts their broader function in tissues and organs. At its core, this microenvironment is composed of precise arrangements of cells that encourage homotypic and heterotypic cell-cell interactions, biochemical signaling through soluble factors like cytokines, hormones, and autocrine, endocrine, or paracrine secretions, and the local extracellular matrix (ECM) that provides physical support and mechanobiological stimuli, and further regulates biochemical signaling through cell-ECM interactions like adhesions and growth factor sequestering. Each cue provided in the microenvironment dictates cellular behavior and, thus, overall potential to perform tissue and organ specific function. It follows that in order to recapitulate physiological cell responses and develop constructs capable of replacing damaged tissue, we must engineer the cellular microenvironment very carefully. Many great strides have been made toward this goal using various three-dimensional (3D) tissue culture scaffolds and specific media conditions. Among the various 3D biomimetic scaffolds, synthetic hydrogels have emerged as a highly tunable and tissue-like biomaterial well-suited for implantable tissue-engineered constructs. Because many synthetic hydrogel materials are inherently bioinert, they minimize unintentional cell responses and thus are good candidates for long-term implantable grafts, patches, and organs. This review will provide an overview of commonly used biomaterials for forming synthetic hydrogels for tissue engineering applications and techniques for modifying them to with bioactive properties to elicit the desired cell responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asli Z Unal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Campus Box 90281, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jennifer L West
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Campus Box 90281, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li X, Cho B, Martin R, Seu M, Zhang C, Zhou Z, Choi JS, Jiang X, Chen L, Walia G, Yan J, Callanan M, Liu H, Colbert K, Morrissette-McAlmon J, Grayson W, Reddy S, Sacks JM, Mao HQ. Nanofiber-hydrogel composite-mediated angiogenesis for soft tissue reconstruction. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/490/eaau6210. [PMID: 31043572 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau6210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Soft tissue losses from tumor removal, trauma, aging, and congenital malformation affect millions of people each year. Existing options for soft tissue restoration have several drawbacks: Surgical options such as the use of autologous tissue flaps lead to donor site defects, prosthetic implants are prone to foreign body response leading to fibrosis, and fat grafting and dermal fillers are limited to small-volume defects and only provide transient volume restoration. In addition, large-volume fat grafting and other tissue-engineering attempts are hampered by poor vascular ingrowth. Currently, there are no off-the-shelf materials that can fill the volume lost in soft tissue defects while promoting early angiogenesis. Here, we report a nanofiber-hydrogel composite that addresses these issues. By incorporating interfacial bonding between electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) fibers and a hyaluronic acid hydrogel network, we generated a composite that mimics the microarchitecture and mechanical properties of soft tissue extracellular matrix. Upon subcutaneous injection in a rat model, this composite permitted infiltration of host macrophages and conditioned them into the pro-regenerative phenotype. By secreting pro-angiogenic cytokines and growth factors, these polarized macrophages enabled gradual remodeling and replacement of the composite with vascularized soft tissue. Such host cell infiltration and angiogenesis were also observed in a rabbit model for repairing a soft tissue defect filled with the composite. This injectable nanofiber-hydrogel composite augments native tissue regenerative responses, thus enabling durable soft tissue restoration outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Brian Cho
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Russell Martin
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Michelle Seu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Zhengbing Zhou
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ji Suk Choi
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Xuesong Jiang
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Long Chen
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Gurjot Walia
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jerry Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Megan Callanan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Kevin Colbert
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Justin Morrissette-McAlmon
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Warren Grayson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sashank Reddy
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Justin M Sacks
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Hai-Quan Mao
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. .,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
He YJ, Santana MF, Moucka M, Quirk J, Shuaibi A, Pimentel MB, Grossman S, Rashid MM, Cinar A, Georgiadis JG, Vaicik M, Kawaji K, Venerus DC, Papavasiliou G. Immobilized RGD concentration and proteolytic degradation synergistically enhance vascular sprouting within hydrogel scaffolds of varying modulus. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2020; 31:324-349. [PMID: 31774730 PMCID: PMC7185153 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1692640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient vascularization limits the volume and complexity of engineered tissue. The formation of new blood vessels (neovascularization) is regulated by a complex interplay of cellular interactions with biochemical and biophysical signals provided by the extracellular matrix (ECM) necessitating the development of biomaterial approaches that enable systematic modulation in matrix properties. To address this need poly(ethylene) glycol-based hydrogel scaffolds were engineered with a range of decoupled and combined variations in integrin-binding peptide (RGD) ligand concentration, elastic modulus and proteolytic degradation rate using free-radical polymerization chemistry. The modularity of this system enabled a full factorial experimental design to simultaneously investigate the individual and interaction effects of these matrix cues on vascular sprout formation in 3 D culture. Enhancements in scaffold proteolytic degradation rate promoted significant increases in vascular sprout length and junction number while increases in modulus significantly and negatively impacted vascular sprouting. We also observed that individual variations in immobilized RGD concentration did not significantly impact 3 D vascular sprouting. Our findings revealed a previously unidentified and optimized combination whereby increases in both immobilized RGD concentration and proteolytic degradation rate resulted in significant and synergistic enhancements in 3 D vascular spouting. The above-mentioned findings would have been challenging to uncover using one-factor-at-time experimental analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng J. He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
| | - Martin F. Santana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
| | - Madison Moucka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX
| | - Jack Quirk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
| | - Asma Shuaibi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
| | - Marja B. Pimentel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
| | - Sophie Grossman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
| | - Mudassir M. Rashid
- Department Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
| | - Ali Cinar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
- Department Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
| | - John G. Georgiadis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
| | - Marcella Vaicik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
| | - Keigo Kawaji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
| | - David C. Venerus
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ
| | - Georgia Papavasiliou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang G, Mahadik B, Choi JY, Fisher JP. Vascularization in tissue engineering: fundamentals and state-of-art. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 2. [PMID: 34308105 DOI: 10.1088/2516-1091/ab5637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vascularization is among the top challenges that impede the clinical application of engineered tissues. This challenge has spurred tremendous research endeavor, defined as vascular tissue engineering (VTE) in this article, to establish a pre-existing vascular network inside the tissue engineered graft prior to implantation. Ideally, the engineered vasculature can be integrated into the host vasculature via anastomosis to supply nutrient to all cells instantaneously after surgery. Moreover, sufficient vascularization is of great significance in regenerative medicine from many other perspectives. Due to the critical role of vascularization in successful tissue engineering, we aim to provide an up-to-date overview of the fundamentals and VTE strategies in this article, including angiogenic cells, biomaterial/bio-scaffold design and bio-fabrication approaches, along with the reported utility of vascularized tissue complex in regenerative medicine. We will also share our opinion on the future perspective of this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Laboratory, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America.,Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Bhushan Mahadik
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Laboratory, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America.,Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Ji Young Choi
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Laboratory, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - John P Fisher
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Laboratory, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America.,Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hinman SS, Kim R, Wang Y, Phillips KS, Attayek PJ, Allbritton NL. Microphysiological System Design: Simplicity Is Elegance. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2020; 13:94-102. [PMID: 32095672 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Design parameters for microphysiological systems (MPS) are driven by the need for new tools to answer questions focusing on human physiology in a robust and reliable manner. Within this perspective, engineering benchmarks and principles are identified to guide the construction of new devices in the MPS field, with emphasis placed on the design principles common to all tissues, as well as those unique to a subset of tissues. Leading organ replica technologies that recapitulate various functions of the brain, heart, intestine, and lung are highlighted as examples that meet the identified benchmarks and standards, with current barriers for large scale production and commercialization discussed. To reach their full potential and achieve widespread use, MPS will have to be recognized officially by government agencies, and toward this end, considerations of MPS as a potential regulatory tool are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S Hinman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Raehyun Kim
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Yuli Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - K Scott Phillips
- United States Food and Drug Administration, Office of Medical Products and Tobacco, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biology, Chemistry and Materials Science, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, USA
| | - Peter J Attayek
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Nancy L Allbritton
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Young SA, Riahinezhad H, Amsden BG. In situ-forming, mechanically resilient hydrogels for cell delivery. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:5742-5761. [PMID: 31531443 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01398a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Injectable, in situ-forming hydrogels can improve cell delivery in tissue engineering applications by facilitating minimally invasive delivery to irregular defect sites and improving cell retention and survival. Tissues targeted for cell delivery often undergo diverse mechanical loading including high stress, high strain, and repetitive loading conditions. This review focuses on the development of hydrogel systems that meet the requirements of mechanical resiliency, cytocompatibility, and injectability for such applications. First, we describe the most important design considerations for maintaining the viability and function of encapsulated cells, for reproducing the target tissue morphology, and for achieving degradation profiles that facilitate tissue replacement. Models describing the relationships between hydrogel structure and mechanical properties are described, focusing on design principles necessary for producing mechanically resilient hydrogels. The advantages and limitations of current strategies for preparing cytocompatible, injectable, and mechanically resilient hydrogels are reviewed, including double networks, nanocomposites, and high molecular weight amphiphilic copolymer networks. Finally, challenges and opportunities are outlined to guide future research in this developing field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A Young
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| | - Hossein Riahinezhad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| | - Brian G Amsden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pradhan S, Slater JH. Tunable hydrogels for controlling phenotypic cancer cell states to model breast cancer dormancy and reactivation. Biomaterials 2019; 215:119177. [PMID: 31176804 PMCID: PMC6592634 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
During metastasis, disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) from the primary tumor infiltrate secondary organs and reside there for varying lengths of time prior to forming new tumors. The time delay between infiltration and active proliferation, known as dormancy, mediates the length of the latency period. DTCs may undergo one of four fates post-infiltration: death, cellular dormancy, dormant micrometastasis, or invasive growth which, is in part, mediated by extracellular matrix (ECM) properties. Recapitulation of these cell states using engineered hydrogels could facilitate the systematic and controlled investigation of the mechanisms by which ECM properties influence DTC fate. Toward this goal, we implemented a set of sixteen hydrogels with systematic variations in chemical (ligand (RGDS) density and enzymatic degradability) and mechanical (elasticity, swelling, mesh size) properties to investigate their influence on the fate of encapsulated metastatic breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231. Cell viability, apoptosis, proliferation, metabolic activity, and morphological measurements were acquired at five-day intervals over fifteen days in culture. Analysis of the phenotypic metrics indicated the presence of four different cell states that were classified as: (1) high growth, (2) moderate growth, (3) single cell, restricted survival, dormancy, or (4) balanced dormancy. Correlating hydrogel properties with the resultant cancer cell state indicated that ligand (RGDS) density and enzymatic degradability likely had the most influence on cell fate. Furthermore, we demonstrate the ability to reactivate cells from the single cell, dormant state to the high growth state through a dynamic increase in ligand (RGDS) density after forty days in culture. This tunable engineered hydrogel platform offers insight into matrix properties regulating tumor dormancy, and the dormancy-proliferation switch, and may provide future translational benefits toward development of anti-dormancy therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Pradhan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, 161 Colburn Lab, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - John H Slater
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, 161 Colburn Lab, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Huebsch N. Translational mechanobiology: Designing synthetic hydrogel matrices for improved in vitro models and cell-based therapies. Acta Biomater 2019; 94:97-111. [PMID: 31129361 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic hydrogels have ideal physiochemical properties to serve as reductionist mimics of the extracellular matrix (ECM) for studies on cellular mechanosensing. These studies range from basic observation of correlations between ECM mechanics and cell fate changes to molecular dissection of the underlying mechanisms. Despite intensive work on hydrogels to study mechanobiology, many fundamental questions regarding mechanosensing remain unanswered. In this review, I first discuss historical motivation for studying cellular mechanobiology, and challenges impeding this effort. I next overview recent efforts to engineer hydrogel properties to study cellular mechanosensing. Finally, I focus on in vitro modeling and cell-based therapies as applications of hydrogels that will exploit our ability to create micro-environments with physiologically relevant elasticity and viscoelasticity to control cell biology. These translational applications will not only use our current understanding of mechanobiology but will also bring new tools to study the fundamental problem of how cells sense their mechanical environment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hydrogels are an important tool for understanding how our cells can sense their mechanical environment, and to exploit that understanding in regenerative medicine. In the current review, I discuss historical work linking mechanics to cell behavior in vitro, and highlight the role hydrogels played in allowing us to understand how cells monitor mechanical cues. I then highlight potential translational applications of hydrogels with mechanical properties similar to those of the tissues where cells normally reside in our bodies, and discuss how these types of studies can provide clues to help us enhance our understanding of mechanosensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Huebsch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in Saint Louis, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Crosby CO, Zoldan J. Mimicking the physical cues of the ECM in angiogenic biomaterials. Regen Biomater 2019; 6:61-73. [PMID: 30967961 PMCID: PMC6447000 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbz003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A functional microvascular system is imperative to build and maintain healthy tissue. Impaired microvasculature results in ischemia, thereby limiting the tissue's intrinsic regeneration capacity. Therefore, the ability to regenerate microvascular networks is key to the development of effective cardiovascular therapies. To stimulate the formation of new microvasculature, researchers have focused on fabricating materials that mimic the angiogenic properties of the native extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we will review biomaterials that seek to imitate the physical cues that are natively provided by the ECM to encourage the formation of microvasculature in engineered constructs and ischemic tissue in the body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cody O Crosby
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Janet Zoldan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Garcia Garcia C, Kiick KL. Methods for producing microstructured hydrogels for targeted applications in biology. Acta Biomater 2019; 84:34-48. [PMID: 30465923 PMCID: PMC6326863 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels have been broadly studied for applications in clinically motivated fields such as tissue regeneration, drug delivery, and wound healing, as well as in a wide variety of consumer and industry uses. While the control of mechanical properties and network structures are important in all of these applications, for regenerative medicine applications in particular, matching the chemical, topographical and mechanical properties for the target use/tissue is critical. There have been multiple alternatives developed for fabricating materials with microstructures with goals of controlling the spatial location, phenotypic evolution, and signaling of cells. The commonly employed polymers such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), polypeptides, and polysaccharides (as well as others) can be processed by various methods in order to control material heterogeneity and microscale structures. We review here the more commonly used polymers, chemistries, and methods for generating microstructures in biomaterials, highlighting the range of possible morphologies that can be produced, and the limitations of each method. With a focus in liquid-liquid phase separation, methods and chemistries well suited for stabilizing the interface and arresting the phase separation are covered. As the microstructures can affect cell behavior, examples of such effects are reviewed as well. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Heterogeneous hydrogels with enhanced matrix complexity have been studied for a variety of biomimetic materials. A range of materials based on poly(ethylene glycol), polypeptides, proteins, and/or polysaccharides, have been employed in the studies of materials that by virtue of their microstructure, can control the behaviors of cells. Methods including microfluidics, photolithography, gelation in the presence of porogens, and liquid-liquid phase separation, are presented as possible strategies for producing materials, and their relative advantages and disadvantages are discussed. We also describe in more detail the various processes involved in LLPS, and how they can be manipulated to alter the kinetics of phase separation and to yield different microstructured materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristobal Garcia Garcia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Kristi L Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19176, USA; Delaware Biotechnology Institute, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mazzeo MS, Chai T, Daviran M, Schultz KM. Characterization of the Kinetics and Mechanism of Degradation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Laden Poly(ethylene glycol) Hydrogels. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 2:81-92. [PMID: 31555760 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are motile cells that migrate from their native niche to wounded sites where they regulate inflammation during healing. New materials are being developed as hMSC delivery platforms to enhance wound healing. To act as an effective wound healing material, the hydrogel must degrade at the same rate as tissue regeneration, while maintaining a high cell viability. This work determines the kinetics and mechanism of cell-mediated degradation in hMSC-laden poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels. We use a well-established hydrogel scaffold that is composed of a backbone of four-arm star PEG functionalized with norbornene that is cross-linked with a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) degradable peptide. This peptide sequence is cleaved by cell-secreted MMPs, which allow hMSCs to actively degrade the hydrogel during motility. Three mechanisms of degradation are characterized: hydrolytic, noncellular enzymatic and cell-mediated degradation. We use bulk rheology to characterize hydrogel material properties and quantify degradation throughout the entire reaction. Hydrolysis and noncellular enzymatic degradation are first characterized in hydrogels without hMSCs, and follow first-order and Michaelis-Menten kinetics, respectively. A high cell viability is measured in hMSC-laden hydrogels, even after shearing on the rheometer. After confirming hMSC viability, bulk rheology characterizes cell-mediated degradation. When comparing cell-mediated degradation to noncellular degradation mechanisms, cell-mediated degradation is dominated by enzymatic degradation. This indicates hydrogels with hMSCs are degraded primarily due to cell-secreted MMPs and very little network structure is lost due to hydrolysis. Modeling cell-mediated degradation provides an estimate of the initial concentration of MMPs secreted by hMSCs. By changing the concentration of hMSCs, we determine the initial MMP concentration increases with increasing hMSC concentration. This work characterizes the rate and mechanism of scaffold degradation, giving new insight into the design of these materials as implantable scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Mazzeo
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Tiffanie Chai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Maryam Daviran
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Kelly M Schultz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Campbell KT, Stilhano RS, Silva EA. Enzymatically degradable alginate hydrogel systems to deliver endothelial progenitor cells for potential revasculature applications. Biomaterials 2018; 179:109-121. [PMID: 29980073 PMCID: PMC6746553 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to design an injectable biomaterial system that becomes porous in situ to deliver and control vascular progenitor cell release. Alginate hydrogels were loaded with outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) and alginate lyase, an enzyme which cleaves alginate polymer chains. We postulated and confirmed that higher alginate lyase concentrations mediated loss of hydrogel mechanical properties. Hydrogels incorporating 5 and 50 mU/mL of alginate lyase experienced approximately 28% and 57% loss of mass as well as 81% and 91% reduction in storage modulus respectively after a week. Additionally, computational methods and mechanical analysis revealed that hydrogels with alginate lyase significantly increased in mesh size over time. Furthermore, alginate lyase was not found to inhibit OEC proliferation, viability or sprouting potential. Finally, alginate hydrogels incorporating OECs and alginate lyase promoted up to nearly a 10 fold increase in OEC migration in vitro than nondegradable hydrogels over the course of a week and increased functional vasculature in vivo via a chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Overall, these findings demonstrate that alginate lyase incorporated hydrogels can provide a simple and robust system to promote controlled outward cell migration into native tissue for potential therapeutic revascularization applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Roberta S Stilhano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A Silva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bioactive Poly(ethylene Glycol) Acrylate Hydrogels for Regenerative Engineering. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-018-0074-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
28
|
Broders-Bondon F, Nguyen Ho-Bouldoires TH, Fernandez-Sanchez ME, Farge E. Mechanotransduction in tumor progression: The dark side of the force. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:1571-1587. [PMID: 29467174 PMCID: PMC5940296 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201701039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Broders-Bondon et al. review the pathological mechanical properties of tumor tissues and how abnormal mechanical signals result in oncogenic biochemical signals during tumor progression. Cancer has been characterized as a genetic disease, associated with mutations that cause pathological alterations of the cell cycle, adhesion, or invasive motility. Recently, the importance of the anomalous mechanical properties of tumor tissues, which activate tumorigenic biochemical pathways, has become apparent. This mechanical induction in tumors appears to consist of the destabilization of adult tissue homeostasis as a result of the reactivation of embryonic developmental mechanosensitive pathways in response to pathological mechanical strains. These strains occur in many forms, for example, hypervascularization in late tumors leads to high static hydrodynamic pressure that can promote malignant progression through hypoxia or anomalous interstitial liquid and blood flow. The high stiffness of tumors directly induces the mechanical activation of biochemical pathways enhancing the cell cycle, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and cell motility. Furthermore, increases in solid-stress pressure associated with cell hyperproliferation activate tumorigenic pathways in the healthy epithelial cells compressed by the neighboring tumor. The underlying molecular mechanisms of the translation of a mechanical signal into a tumor inducing biochemical signal are based on mechanically induced protein conformational changes that activate classical tumorigenic signaling pathways. Understanding these mechanisms will be important for the development of innovative treatments to target such mechanical anomalies in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Broders-Bondon
- Mechanics and Genetics of Embryonic and Tumor Development Group, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR168, Inserm, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France
| | - Thanh Huong Nguyen Ho-Bouldoires
- Mechanics and Genetics of Embryonic and Tumor Development Group, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR168, Inserm, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France
| | - Maria-Elena Fernandez-Sanchez
- Mechanics and Genetics of Embryonic and Tumor Development Group, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR168, Inserm, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Farge
- Mechanics and Genetics of Embryonic and Tumor Development Group, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR168, Inserm, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Torres A, Bidarra S, Pinto M, Aguiar P, Silva E, Barrias C. Guiding morphogenesis in cell-instructive microgels for therapeutic angiogenesis. Biomaterials 2018; 154:34-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|