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Zhao J, Sormani L, Jacquelin S, Li H, Styke C, Zhou C, Beesley J, Oon L, Kaur S, Sim SL, Wong HY, Dight J, Hashemi G, Shafiee A, Roy E, Patel J, Khosrotehrani K. Distinct roles of SOX9 in self-renewal of progenitors and mesenchymal transition of the endothelium. Angiogenesis 2024:10.1007/s10456-024-09927-7. [PMID: 38733496 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-024-09927-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Regenerative capabilities of the endothelium rely on vessel-resident progenitors termed endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs). This study aimed to investigate if these progenitors are impacted by conditions (i.e., obesity or atherosclerosis) characterized by increased serum levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), a known inducer of Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EndMT). Our investigation focused on understanding the effects of EndMT on the self-renewal capabilities of progenitors and the associated molecular alterations. In the presence of oxLDL, ECFCs displayed classical features of EndMT, through reduced endothelial gene and protein expression, function as well as increased mesenchymal genes, contractility, and motility. Additionally, ECFCs displayed a dramatic loss in self-renewal capacity in the presence of oxLDL. RNA-sequencing analysis of ECFCs exposed to oxLDL validated gene expression changes suggesting EndMT and identified SOX9 as one of the highly differentially expressed genes. ATAC sequencing analysis identified SOX9 binding sites associated with regions of dynamic chromosome accessibility resulting from oxLDL exposure, further pointing to its importance. EndMT phenotype and gene expression changes induced by oxLDL in vitro or high fat diet (HFD) in vivo were reversed by the silencing of SOX9 in ECFCs or the endothelial-specific conditional knockout of Sox9 in murine models. Overall, our findings support that EndMT affects vessel-resident endothelial progenitor's self-renewal. SOX9 activation is an early transcriptional event that drives the mesenchymal transition of endothelial progenitor cells. The identification of the molecular network driving EndMT in vessel-resident endothelial progenitors presents a new avenue in understanding and preventing a range of condition where this process is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilai Zhao
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Laura Sormani
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Sebastien Jacquelin
- Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, Macrophage Biology Laboratory, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Haiming Li
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Cassandra Styke
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Chenhao Zhou
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Cancer Research Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Linus Oon
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Simranpreet Kaur
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, Macrophage Biology Laboratory, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Seen-Ling Sim
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Ho Yi Wong
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - James Dight
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Ghazaleh Hashemi
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Abbas Shafiee
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Edwige Roy
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Jatin Patel
- Centre for Ageing Research Program, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Kiarash Khosrotehrani
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Dermatology Research Centre, Experimental Dermatology Group, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia.
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Tomescu LC, Sas I, Sarb S, Cimpean AM. Evaluation of Vasculogenic Factors in the Developing Embryo at Weeks Five and Seven With a Special Focus on CD133 and TIE2 Markers. Cureus 2024; 16:e60353. [PMID: 38756714 PMCID: PMC11096276 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Human embryo vasculogenesis (blood vessel development starting from endothelial precursors) includes the ability of mesenchymal cells and pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into endothelial cells. Quantification of endothelial progenitor cells is difficult to assess during the early steps of human embryo development due to several factors, especially due to the paucity of human embryo tissue which is usually discarded after early-stage pregnancy abortive methods. CD133 (Promimin-1) is a general marker of progenitor cells, but combined with other endothelial markers such as CD34, it may identify endothelial progenitor cells during embryonic development. CD34 immunohistochemistry was previously performed by our team to identify human embryo capillaries and comparatively assess microvessel density between different human embryonic tissues. TIE2 is an angiopoietin receptor strongly involved in the newly formed blood vessel maturation due to its expression in some mesenchymal precursors for future pericytes. CD34 assesses the presence of endothelial cells but its single use does not evaluate the endothelial progenitor state as CD133 may do nor vessel maturation as TIE2 may do. Data about the dynamics of CD133/TIE2 expression in the early stages of human embryo development are scarce. Hence, in this study, we aimed to comparatively assess the dynamic of CD133+ endothelial precursors and TIE2 expression on five and seven-week-old human embryonic tissues with a special emphasis on their expression on embryonic vascular beds. Methodology CD133 and TIE2 immunohistochemistry was performed on five and seven-week-old human embryonic tissues followed by their quantification using the Qu Path digital image analysis (DIA) automated method. Results CD133 and TIE2 showed divergent patterns of expression during the initial phases of human embryonic development, specifically in the vascular endothelium of tiny capillaries. The expression of CD133 in endothelial cells lining the perfused lumen gradually decreased from five to seven-week-old embryos. It remained expressed with greater intensity in cells located at the tip of the vascular bud that emerged into pre-existing capillaries. TIE2 was much more specific than CD133, being restricted to the level of the vascular endothelium; therefore, it was easier to quantify using digital image analysis. The endothelium of the embryonic aorta was an exception to the divergent expression, as CD133 and TIE2 were consistently co-expressed in the seven-week-old embryo. The Qu Path DIA assessment increased the accuracy of CD133 and TIE2 evaluation, being the first time they were quantified by using automated software and not manually. Conclusions High heterogeneity of CD133 and TIE2 was observed between five and seven-week-old embryonic tissues as well as between different embryonic regions from the same gestational age. The unique finding of CD133/TIE2 co-expression persistence inside aortic endothelium needs further studies to elucidate the role of this co-expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioan Sas
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, ROU
| | - Simona Sarb
- Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, ROU
| | - Anca Maria Cimpean
- Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, ROU
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Ou KL, Chen CK, Huang JJ, Chang WW, Hsieh Li SM, Jiang TX, Widelitz RB, Lansford R, Chuong CM. Adaptive patterning of vascular network during avian skin development: Mesenchymal plasticity and dermal vasculogenesis. Cells Dev 2024:203922. [PMID: 38688358 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2024.203922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
A vasculature network supplies blood to feather buds in the developing skin. Does the vasculature network during early skin development form by sequential sprouting from the central vasculature or does local vasculogenesis occur first that then connect with the central vascular tree? Using transgenic Japanese quail Tg(TIE1p.H2B-eYFP), we observe that vascular progenitor cells appear after feather primordia formation. The vasculature then radiates out from each bud and connects with primordial vessels from neighboring buds. Later they connect with the central vasculature. Epithelial-mesenchymal recombination shows local vasculature is patterned by the epithelium, which expresses FGF2 and VEGF. Perturbing noggin expression leads to abnormal vascularization. To study endothelial origin, we compare transcriptomes of TIE1p.H2B-eYFP+ cells collected from the skin and aorta. Endothelial cells from the skin more closely resemble skin dermal cells than those from the aorta. The results show developing chicken skin vasculature is assembled by (1) physiological vasculogenesis from the peripheral tissue, and (2) subsequently connects with the central vasculature. The work implies mesenchymal plasticity and convergent differentiation play significant roles in development, and such processes may be re-activated during adult regeneration. SUMMARY STATEMENT: We show the vasculature network in the chicken skin is assembled using existing feather buds as the template, and endothelia are derived from local bud dermis and central vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Ling Ou
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; Burn Center, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Junxiang J Huang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; Graduate Programs in Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - William Weijen Chang
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Shu-Man Hsieh Li
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Ting-Xin Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Randall B Widelitz
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Rusty Lansford
- Department of Radiology and Developmental Neuroscience Program, Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Cheng-Ming Chuong
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
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Shi X, Simms KJ, Ewing TJ, Lin YP, Chen YL, Melvan JN, Siggins RW, Zhang P. The bone marrow endothelial progenitor cell response to septic infection. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1368099. [PMID: 38665923 PMCID: PMC11044677 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1368099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Early increase in the level of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the systemic circulation occurs in patients with septic infection/sepsis. The significance and underlying mechanisms of this response remain unclear. This study investigated the bone marrow EPC response in adult mice with septic infection induced by intravenous injection (i.v.) of Escherichia coli. For in vitro experiments, sorted marrow stem/progenitor cells (SPCs) including lineage(lin)-stem cell factor receptor (c-kit)+stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1)-, lin-c-kit+, and lin- cells were cultured with or without lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and recombinant murine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the absence and presence of anti-Sca-1 crosslinking antibodies. In a separate set of experiments, marrow lin-c-kit+ cells from green fluorescence protein (GFP)+ mice, i.v. challenged with heat-inactivated E. coli or saline for 24 h, were subcutaneously implanted in Matrigel plugs for 5 weeks. Marrow lin-c-kit+ cells from Sca-1 knockout (KO) mice challenged with heat-inactivated E. coli for 24 h were cultured in the Matrigel medium for 8 weeks. The marrow pool of EPCs bearing the lin-c-kit+Sca-1+VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2)+ (LKS VEGFR2+) and LKS CD133+VEGFR2+ surface markers expanded rapidly following septic infection, which was supported by both proliferative activation and phenotypic conversion of marrow stem/progenitor cells. Increase in marrow EPCs and their reprogramming for enhancing angiogenic activity correlated with cell-marked upregulation of Sca-1 expression. Sca-1 was coupled with Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (Rac2) in signaling the marrow EPC response. Septic infection caused a substantial increase in plasma levels of IFN-γ, VEGF, G-CSF, and SDF-1. The early increase in circulating EPCs was accompanied by their active homing and incorporation into pulmonary microvasculature. These results demonstrate that the marrow EPC response is a critical component of the host defense system. Sca-1 signaling plays a pivotal role in the regulation of EPC response in mice with septic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Kevin J. Simms
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Thomas J. Ewing
- West Clinical Laboratory, Lakeland Regional Health Medical Center, Lakeland, FL, United States
| | | | - Yi-Ling Chen
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - John N. Melvan
- Memorial Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Memorial Healthcare System, Hollywood, FL, United States
| | - Robert W. Siggins
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
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Jiang H, Liu B, Lin J, Xue T, Han Y, Lu C, Zhou S, Gu Y, Xu F, Shen Y, Xu L, Sun H. MuSCs and IPCs: roles in skeletal muscle homeostasis, aging and injury. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:67. [PMID: 38289345 PMCID: PMC10828015 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05096-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a highly specialized tissue composed of myofibres that performs crucial functions in movement and metabolism. In response to external stimuli and injuries, a range of stem/progenitor cells, with muscle stem cells or satellite cells (MuSCs) being the predominant cell type, are rapidly activated to repair and regenerate skeletal muscle within weeks. Under normal conditions, MuSCs remain in a quiescent state, but become proliferative and differentiate into new myofibres in response to injury. In addition to MuSCs, some interstitial progenitor cells (IPCs) such as fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), pericytes, interstitial stem cells expressing PW1 and negative for Pax7 (PICs), muscle side population cells (SPCs), CD133-positive cells and Twist2-positive cells have been identified as playing direct or indirect roles in regenerating muscle tissue. Here, we highlight the heterogeneity, molecular markers, and functional properties of these interstitial progenitor cells, and explore the role of muscle stem/progenitor cells in skeletal muscle homeostasis, aging, and muscle-related diseases. This review provides critical insights for future stem cell therapies aimed at treating muscle-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Boya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfei Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Xue
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimin Han
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfeng Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People's Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Songlin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University and First People's Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuntian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingchi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hualin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Kulovic-Sissawo A, Tocantins C, Diniz MS, Weiss E, Steiner A, Tokic S, Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Pereira SP, Hiden U. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Unraveling Insights from Vascular Endothelial Cells. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:70. [PMID: 38392289 PMCID: PMC10886154 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is associated with several lifestyle-related diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and it contributes significantly to the global health burden. Recent research indicates a link between cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial impairment, and endothelial dysfunction. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are recruited into the vessel wall to maintain appropriate endothelial function, repair, and angiogenesis. After attachment, EPCs differentiate into mature endothelial cells (ECs). Like ECs, EPCs are also susceptible to CVRFs, including metabolic dysfunction and chronic inflammation. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction of EPCs may have long-term effects on the function of the mature ECs into which EPCs differentiate, particularly in the presence of endothelial damage. However, a link between CVRFs and impaired mitochondrial function in EPCs has hardly been investigated. In this review, we aim to consolidate existing knowledge on the development of mitochondrial and endothelial dysfunction in the vascular endothelium, place it in the context of recent studies investigating the consequences of CVRFs on EPCs, and discuss the role of mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, we aim to gain a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms involved in EPC deterioration in relation to CVRFs and address potential therapeutic interventions targeting mitochondrial health to promote endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Kulovic-Sissawo
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Carolina Tocantins
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana S Diniz
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisa Weiss
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Steiner
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Silvija Tokic
- Research Unit of Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Cell Biology and Biochemistry of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Corina T Madreiter-Sokolowski
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Susana P Pereira
- CNC-UC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ursula Hiden
- Perinatal Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 14, 8036 Graz, Austria
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7
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Do MH, Shi W, Ji L, Ladewig E, Zhang X, Srivastava RM, Capistrano KJ, Edwards C, Malik I, Nixon BG, Stamatiades EG, Liu M, Li S, Li P, Chou C, Xu K, Hsu TW, Wang X, Chan TA, Leslie CS, Li MO. Reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages to outcompete endovascular endothelial progenitor cells and suppress tumor neoangiogenesis. Immunity 2023; 56:2555-2569.e5. [PMID: 37967531 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Tumors develop by invoking a supportive environment characterized by aberrant angiogenesis and infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In a transgenic model of breast cancer, we found that TAMs localized to the tumor parenchyma and were smaller than mammary tissue macrophages. TAMs had low activity of the metabolic regulator mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), and depletion of negative regulator of mTORC1 signaling, tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1), in TAMs inhibited tumor growth in a manner independent of adaptive lymphocytes. Whereas wild-type TAMs exhibited inflammatory and angiogenic gene expression profiles, TSC1-deficient TAMs had a pro-resolving phenotype. TSC1-deficient TAMs relocated to a perivascular niche, depleted protein C receptor (PROCR)-expressing endovascular endothelial progenitor cells, and rectified the hyperpermeable blood vasculature, causing tumor tissue hypoxia and cancer cell death. TSC1-deficient TAMs were metabolically active and effectively eliminated PROCR-expressing endothelial cells in cell competition experiments. Thus, TAMs exhibit a TSC1-dependent mTORC1-low state, and increasing mTORC1 signaling promotes a pro-resolving state that suppresses tumor growth, defining an innate immune tumor suppression pathway that may be exploited for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mytrang H Do
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wei Shi
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Liangliang Ji
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Erik Ladewig
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xian Zhang
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Raghvendra M Srivastava
- Immunogenomics & Precision Oncology Platform (IPOP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kristelle J Capistrano
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chaucie Edwards
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Isha Malik
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Briana G Nixon
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Efstathios G Stamatiades
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ming Liu
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shun Li
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chun Chou
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ke Xu
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ting-Wei Hsu
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Cell and Developmental Biology, and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Timothy A Chan
- Immunogenomics & Precision Oncology Platform (IPOP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christina S Leslie
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ming O Li
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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8
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Dudley AC, Griffioen AW. The modes of angiogenesis: an updated perspective. Angiogenesis 2023; 26:477-480. [PMID: 37640982 PMCID: PMC10777330 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-023-09895-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Following the process of vasculogenesis during development, angiogenesis generates new vascular structures through a variety of different mechanisms or modes. These different modes of angiogenesis involve, for example, increasing microvasculature density by sprouting of endothelial cells, splitting of vessels to increase vascular surface area by intussusceptive angiogenesis, fusion of capillaries to increase blood flow by coalescent angiogenesis, and the recruitment of non-endothelial cells by vasculogenic mimicry. The recent reporting on coalescent angiogenesis as a new mode of vessel formation warrants a brief overview of angiogenesis mechanisms to provide a more complete picture. The journal Angiogenesis is devoted to the delineation of the different modes and mechanisms that collectively dictate blood vessel formation, inhibition, and function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Dudley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, The University of Virginia, & The UVA Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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9
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Yang X, Zong Y, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Gao X, Zhang J, Hou Q, Li R, Xiao B. Identification of Potential Abnormal Methylation-Modified Genes in Coronary Artery Ectasia. Int J Genomics 2023; 2023:4969605. [PMID: 37662558 PMCID: PMC10474963 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4969605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is an easily recognized abnormality of coronary artery anatomy and morphology. However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Objectives This study aimed to identify abnormal methylation-modified genes in patients with CAE, which could provide a research basis for CAE. Methods Peripheral venous blood samples from patients with CAE were collected for RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), followed by functional enrichment. Then, the DNA methylation profile of CAE was downloaded from GSE87016 (HumanMethylation450 BeadChip data, involving 11 cases and 12 normal controls) to identify differentially methylated genes (DMGs). Finally, after taking interaction genes between DEGs and DMGs, abnormal methylation-modified genes were identified, followed by protein-protein interaction analysis and expression validation using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results A total of 152 DEGs and 4318 DMGs were obtained from RNA sequencing and the GSE87016 dataset, respectively. After taking interaction genes, 9 down-regulated DEGs due to hypermethylation and 11 up-regulated DEGs due to hypomethylation were identified in CAE. A total of 10 core abnormal methylation-modified genes were identified, including six down-regulated DEGs due to hypermethylation (netrin G1, ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12, immunoglobulin superfamily member 10, sarcoglycan dela, Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 3, and GATA binding protein 6), and four up-regulated DEGs due to hypomethylation (adrenomedullin, ubiquitin specific peptidase 18, lymphocyte antigen 6 family member E, and MX dynamin-like GTPase 1). Some signaling pathways were identified in patients with CAE, including cell adhesion molecule, O-glycan biosynthesis, and the renin-angiotensin system. Conclusions Abnormal methylation-modified DEGs involved in signaling pathways may be involved in CAE development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuchun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yijun Zong
- School of Nursing, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhentian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xueying Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qian Hou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Renyi Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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10
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Dudley AC, Griffioen AW. Pathological angiogenesis: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Angiogenesis 2023; 26:313-347. [PMID: 37060495 PMCID: PMC10105163 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-023-09876-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, is an essential process for growth and development. Different mechanisms such as vasculogenesis, sprouting, intussusceptive, and coalescent angiogenesis, as well as vessel co-option, vasculogenic mimicry and lymphangiogenesis, underlie the formation of new vasculature. In many pathological conditions, such as cancer, atherosclerosis, arthritis, psoriasis, endometriosis, obesity and SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19), developmental angiogenic processes are recapitulated, but are often done so without the normal feedback mechanisms that regulate the ordinary spatial and temporal patterns of blood vessel formation. Thus, pathological angiogenesis presents new challenges yet new opportunities for the design of vascular-directed therapies. Here, we provide an overview of recent insights into blood vessel development and highlight novel therapeutic strategies that promote or inhibit the process of angiogenesis to stabilize, reverse, or even halt disease progression. In our review, we will also explore several additional aspects (the angiogenic switch, hypoxia, angiocrine signals, endothelial plasticity, vessel normalization, and endothelial cell anergy) that operate in parallel to canonical angiogenesis mechanisms and speculate how these processes may also be targeted with anti-angiogenic or vascular-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Dudley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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11
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Barachini S, Ghelardoni S, Madonna R. Vascular Progenitor Cells: From Cancer to Tissue Repair. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062399. [PMID: 36983398 PMCID: PMC10059009 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular progenitor cells are activated to repair and form a neointima following vascular damage such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, trauma, hypoxia, primary cancerous lesions and metastases as well as catheter interventions. They play a key role not only in the resolution of the vascular lesion but also in the adult neovascularization and angiogenesis sprouting (i.e., the growth of new capillaries from pre-existing ones), often associated with carcinogenesis, favoring the formation of metastases, survival and progression of tumors. In this review, we discuss the biology, cellular plasticity and pathophysiology of different vascular progenitor cells, including their origins (sources), stimuli and activated pathways that induce differentiation, isolation and characterization. We focus on their role in tumor-induced vascular injury and discuss their implications in promoting tumor angiogenesis during cancer proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Barachini
- Laboratory for Cell Therapy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sandra Ghelardoni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Department of Pathology, Cardiology Division, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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12
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Shi X, Seidle KA, Simms KJ, Dong F, Chilian WM, Zhang P. Endothelial progenitor cells in the host defense response. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108315. [PMID: 36436689 PMCID: PMC9944665 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Extensive injury of endothelial cells in blood vasculature, especially in the microcirculatory system, frequently occurs in hosts suffering from sepsis and the accompanied systemic inflammation. Pathological factors, including toxic components derived from invading microbes, oxidative stress associated with tissue ischemia/reperfusion, and vessel active mediators generated during the inflammatory response, are known to play important roles in mediating endothelial injury. Collapse of microcirculation and tissue edema developed from the failure of endothelial barrier function in vital organ systems, including the lung, brain, and kidney, are detrimental, which often predict fatal outcomes. The host body possesses a substantial capacity for maintaining vascular homeostasis and repairing endothelial damage. Bone marrow and vascular wall niches house endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). In response to septic challenges, EPCs in their niche environment are rapidly activated for proliferation and angiogenic differentiation. In the meantime, release of EPCs from their niches into the blood stream and homing of these vascular precursors to tissue sites of injury are markedly increased. The recruited EPCs actively participate in host defense against endothelial injury and repair of damage in blood vasculature via direct differentiation into endothelial cells for re-endothelialization as well as production of vessel active mediators to exert paracrine and autocrine effects on angiogenesis/vasculogenesis. In recent years, investigations on significance of EPCs in host defense and molecular signaling mechanisms underlying regulation of the EPC response have achieved substantial progress, which promotes exploration of vascular precursor cell-based approaches for effective prevention and treatment of sepsis-induced vascular injury as well as vital organ system failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Kelly A Seidle
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Kevin J Simms
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH 44272, United States of America.
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13
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Cui G, Liu H, Laugsand JB. Endothelial cells-directed angiogenesis in colorectal cancer: Interleukin as the mediator and pharmacological target. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109525. [PMID: 36508917 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced angiogenesis is a cancer hallmark and critical for colorectal cancer (CRC) invasion and metastasis. Upon exposure to proangiogenic factors, therefore, targeting tumor-associated proangiogenic factors/receptors hold great promise as a therapeutic modality to treat CRC, particularly metastatic CRC. Accumulating evidence from numerous studies suggests that tumor endothelial cells (ECs) are not only the target of proangiogenic factors, but also function as the cellular source of proangiogenic factors. Studies showed that ECs can produce different proangiogenic factors to participate in the regulation of angiogenesis process, in which ECs-derived interleukins (ILs) show a potential stimulatory effect on angiogenesis via either an direct action on their receptors expressed on progenitor of ECs or an indirect way through enhanced production of other proangiogenic factors. Although a great deal of attention is given to the effects of tumor-derived and immune cell-derived ILs, few studies describe the potential effects of vascular ECs-derived ILs on the tumor angiogenesis process. This review provides an updated summary of available information on proangiogenic ILs, such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, IL-22, IL-33, IL-34, and IL-37, released by microvascular ECs as potential drivers of the tumor angiogenesis process and discusses their potential as a novel candidate for antiangiogenic target for the treatment of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Cui
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Campus Levanger, Norway.
| | - Hanzhe Liu
- School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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14
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Robertson JO, Erzurum SC, Asosingh K. Pathological Roles for Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells in Neonatal and Adult Lung Disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2023; 68:13-22. [PMID: 36215049 PMCID: PMC9817912 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2022-0318ps] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are vascular resident and circulating endothelial cell subtypes with potent angiogenic capacity, a hierarchy of single-cell clonogenic potentials, and the ability to participate in de novo blood vessel formation and endothelial repair. Existing literature regarding ECFCs in neonatal and adult pulmonary diseases is confounded by the study of ambiguously defined "endothelial progenitor cells," which are often not true ECFCs. This review contrasts adult and fetal ECFCs, discusses the effect of prematurity on ECFCs, and examines their different pathological roles in neonatal and adult pulmonary diseases, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary artery hypertension, pulmonary fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therapeutic potential is also discussed in light of available preclinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serpil C. Erzurum
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kewal Asosingh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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15
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Abstract
To maintain energy supply to the brain, a direct energy source called adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is produced by oxidative phosphorylation and aerobic glycolysis of glucose in the mitochondria and cytoplasm. Brain glucose metabolism is reduced in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), where it appears presymptomatically in a progressive and region-specific manner. Following dysregulation of energy metabolism in AD, many cellular repair/regenerative processes are activated to conserve the energy required for cell viability. Glucose metabolism plays an important role in the pathology of AD and is closely associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance. The glucose intake in neurons is from endothelial cells, astrocytes, and microglia. Damage to neurocentric glucose also damages the energy transport systems in AD. Gut microbiota is necessary to modulate bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and brain. Gut microbiota may influence the process of AD by regulating the immune system and maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Furthermore, some therapeutic strategies have shown promising therapeutic effects in the treatment of AD at different stages, including the use of antidiabetic drugs, rescuing mitochondrial dysfunction, and epigenetic and dietary intervention. This review discusses the underlying mechanisms of alterations in energy metabolism in AD and provides potential therapeutic strategies in the treatment of AD.
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16
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Melanoma Tumour Vascularization and Tissue-Resident Endothelial Progenitor Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174216. [PMID: 36077754 PMCID: PMC9454996 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Melanoma is the most aggressive and potentially lethal form of skin cancer. Research over recent decades has highlighted the role of tumour vasculature in altering the metabolic function of cancer cells, infiltration of immune cells, and cancer cell dissemination. However, variations in the modes of vessel formation in melanoma have made this process difficult to target. In particular, the role of endothelial progenitor cells in melanoma vascularization-promoting vasculogenesis begins to be understood. Progenitor recruitment, vessel formation, and paracrine activity are among the steps contributing to tumour metastasis and affecting the impact of anti-angiogenic drugs, as detailed in this review. Abstract The aggressiveness of solid cancers, such as melanoma, relies on their metastatic potential. It has become evident that this key cause of mortality is largely conferred by the tumour-associated stromal cells, especially endothelial cells. In addition to their essential role in the formation of the tumour vasculature, endothelial cells significantly contribute to the establishment of the tumour microenvironment, thus enabling the dissemination of cancer cells. Melanoma tumour vascularization occurs through diverse biological processes. Vasculogenesis is the formation of de novo blood vessels from endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and recent research has shown the role of EPCs in melanoma tumour vascularization. A more detailed understanding of the complex role of EPCs and how they contribute to the abnormal vessel structures in tumours is of importance. Moreover, anti-angiogenic drugs have a limited effect on melanoma tumour vascularization, and the role of these drugs on EPCs remains to be clarified. Overall, targeting cancer vasculature remains a challenge, and the role of anti-angiogenic drugs and combination therapies in melanoma, a focus of this review, is an area of extensive exploration.
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17
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Huang H, Huang W. Regulation of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Functions in Ischemic Heart Disease: New Therapeutic Targets for Cardiac Remodeling and Repair. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:896782. [PMID: 35677696 PMCID: PMC9167961 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.896782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Ischemia and hypoxia following myocardial infarction (MI) cause subsequent cardiomyocyte (CM) loss, cardiac remodeling, and heart failure. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are involved in vasculogenesis, angiogenesis and paracrine effects and thus have important clinical value in alternative processes for repairing damaged hearts. In fact, this study showed that the endogenous repair of EPCs may not be limited to a single cell type. EPC interactions with cardiac cell populations and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in ischemic heart disease can attenuate cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress in a microenvironment, regulate cell survival and apoptosis, nourish CMs, enhance mature neovascularization, alleviate adverse ventricular remodeling after infarction and enhance ventricular function. In this review, we introduce the definition and discuss the origin and biological characteristics of EPCs and summarize the mechanisms of EPC recruitment in ischemic heart disease. We focus on the crosstalk between EPCs and endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), CMs, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), and MSCs during cardiac remodeling and repair. Finally, we discuss the translation of EPC therapy to the clinic and treatment strategies.
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18
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Xing T, Lyu ZS, Duan CW, Zhao HY, Tang SQ, Wen Q, Zhang YY, Lv M, Wang Y, Xu LP, Zhang XH, Huang XJ, Kong Y. Dysfunctional bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells are involved in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. J Transl Med 2022; 20:144. [PMID: 35351133 PMCID: PMC8962499 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of heterogeneous myeloid clonal disorders characterized by ineffective haematopoiesis and immune deregulation. Emerging evidence has shown the effect of bone marrow (BM) endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in regulating haematopoiesis and immune balance. However, the number and functions of BM EPCs in patients with different stages of MDS remain largely unknown. Methods Patients with MDS (N = 30), de novo acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) (N = 15), and healthy donors (HDs) (N = 15) were enrolled. MDS patients were divided into lower-risk MDS (N = 15) and higher-risk MDS (N = 15) groups according to the dichotomization of the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System. Flow cytometry was performed to analyse the number of BM EPCs. Tube formation and migration assays were performed to evaluate the functions of BM EPCs. In order to assess the gene expression profiles of BM EPCs, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed. BM EPC supporting abilities of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), leukaemia cells and T cells were assessed by in vitro coculture experiments. Results Increased but dysfunctional BM EPCs were found in MDS patients compared with HDs, especially in patients with higher-risk MDS. RNA-seq indicated the progressive change and differences of haematopoiesis- and immune-related pathways and genes in MDS BM EPCs. In vitro coculture experiments verified that BM EPCs from HDs, lower-risk MDS, and higher-risk MDS to AML exhibited a progressively decreased ability to support HSCs, manifested as elevated apoptosis rates and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and decreased colony-forming unit plating efficiencies of HSCs. Moreover, BM EPCs from higher-risk MDS patients demonstrated an increased ability to support leukaemia cells, characterized by increased proliferation, leukaemia colony-forming unit plating efficiencies, decreased apoptosis rates and apoptosis-related genes. Furthermore, BM EPCs induced T cell differentiation towards more immune-tolerant cells in higher-risk MDS patients in vitro. In addition, the levels of intracellular ROS and the apoptosis ratios were increased in BM EPCs from MDS patients, especially in higher-risk MDS patients, which may be therapeutic candidates for MDS patients. Conclusion Our results suggest that dysfunctional BM EPCs are involved in MDS patients, which indicates that improving haematopoiesis supporting ability and immuneregulation ability of BM EPCs may represent a promising therapeutic approach for MDS patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03354-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Xing
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Shi Lyu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Cai-Wen Duan
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health and Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhao
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Qian Tang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wen
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Lv
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lan-Ping Xu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Kong
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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