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Hoveizi E, Hushmandi K. Comparison of effects of P-coumaric acid and coumarin on colorectal cancer cell line by inducing apoptosis and autophagy. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2024; 14:470-484. [PMID: 38952771 PMCID: PMC11179187 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2024.24194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Objective Autophagy, as a cellular pathway involved in removing damaged proteins and organelles, performs a vital function in the homeostasis and fate of cells. Natural compounds of coumarin (CO) are found in a variety of herbs. Due to their many medicinal properties, including antitumor and anti-proliferative activity, they are involved in apoptosis and autophagy processes. This investigation desired to analyze the apoptotic and autophagic effects of p-coumaric acid (PCA) and CO on HT-29 cells cultured in fibrin hydrogel. Materials and Methods Cell viability and apoptotic and autophagic changes were evaluated by MTT assay, Acridine Orange, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. The expression Bax, Bad, Bcl2, Lc3, Beclin-1, P53 and Atg5 was respectively measured by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Results CO (IC50=25 μM) and PCA (IC50=150 μM) had a dose- and time-dependent cytotoxic effect in HT-29 cells. So, the cytotoxic effects of CO were significantly higher than PCA and these differences were also evident in cell morphology investigations. The data illustrated a high expression of pro-apoptotic and pro-autophagic genes and a declined expression of anti-apoptotic and anti-autophagic genes. Conclusion CO (that was more potent) and p-coumaric acid-induced autophagy via PI3K/Akt/mTOR and AMPK/mTOR signaling on HT-29 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hoveizi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Khalafizadeh A, Hashemizadegan SD, Shokri F, Bakhshinejad B, Jabbari K, Motavaf M, Babashah S. Competitive endogenous RNA networks: Decoding the role of long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs in colorectal cancer chemoresistance. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18197. [PMID: 38506091 PMCID: PMC10951891 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is recognized as one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies across the globe. Despite significant progress in designing novel treatments for CRC, there is a pressing need for more effective therapeutic approaches. Unfortunately, many patients undergoing chemotherapy develop drug resistance, posing a significant challenge for cancer treatment. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been found to play crucial roles in CRC development and its response to chemotherapy. However, there are still gaps in our understanding of interactions among various ncRNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). These ncRNAs can act as either oncogenes or tumour suppressors, affecting numerous biological functions in different cancers including CRC. A class of ncRNA molecules known as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) has emerged as a key player in various cellular processes. These molecules form networks through lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA and circRNA/miRNA/mRNA interactions. In CRC, dysregulation of ceRNA networks has been observed across various cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. These dysregulations are believed to play a significant role in the progression of CRC and, in certain instances, may contribute to the development of chemoresistance. Enriching our knowledge of these dysregulations holds promise for advancing the field of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for CRC. In this review, we discuss lncRNA- and circRNA-associated ceRNA networks implicated in the emergence and advancement of drug resistance in colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khalafizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | | | - Fatemeh Shokri
- Research and Development Center of BiotechnologyTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Babak Bakhshinejad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Keyvan Jabbari
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mahsa Motavaf
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
| | - Sadegh Babashah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
- Research and Development Center of BiotechnologyTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran
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Yadollahi Farsani M, Amini Farsani Z, Teimuri S, Kolahdouzan M, Eshraghi Samani R, Teimori H. Deregulation of miR-1245b-5p and miR-92a-3p and their potential target gene, GATA3, in epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway in breast cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e1955. [PMID: 38173189 PMCID: PMC10849934 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecules that have prominent roles in tumor development and metastasis and can be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This study evaluated the expression of miR-92a-3p and miR-1245b-5p and their potential target gene, GATA3 in patients with breast cancer (BC). MATERIALS AND METHODS In the search for BC-related microRNAs, miR-124b-5p and miR-92a-3p were selected using Medline through PubMed, miR2disease, miRcancer and miRTarBase. Moreover, target gene GATA3 and their possible interaction in the regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion was evaluated using in silico tools including miRTarBase, TargetScan, STRING-db, and Cytoscape. The expression level of miR-92a-3p, miR1245b-5p, and GATA3 were assessed on extracted RNAs of tumor and nontumor tissues from 36 patients with BC using qPCR. Additionally, clinical-pathologic characteristics, such as tumor grade, tumor stage, lymph node were taken into consideration and the diagnostic power of these miRNAs and GATA3 was evaluated using the ROC curve analysis. RESULTS In silico evaluation of miR-92a-3p and miR-1245b-5p supports their potential association with EMT and invasion signaling pathways in BC pathogenesis. Comparing tumor tissues to nontumor tissues, we found a significant downregulation of miR-1245b-5p and miR-92a-3p and upregulation of GATA3. Patients with BC who had decreased miR-92a-3p expression also had higher rates of advanced stage/grade and ER expression, whereas decreased miR-1245b-5p expression was only linked to ER expression and was not associated with lymph node metastasis. The AUC of miR-1245b-5p, miR-92a-3p, and GATA3 using ROC curve was determined 0.6449 (p = .0239), 0.5980 (p = .1526), and 0.7415 (p < .0001), respectively, which showed a significant diagnostic accuracy of miR-1245b-5p and GATA3 between the BC patients and healthy individuals. CONCLUSION MiR-1245b-5p, miR-92a-3p, and GATA3 gene contribute to BC pathogenesis and they may be having potential regulatory roles in signaling pathways involved in invasion and EMT pathways in BC pathogenesis, as a result of these findings. More research is needed to determine the regulatory mechanisms that they control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Yadollahi Farsani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced TechnologiesShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran
| | - Zeinab Amini Farsani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences InstituteShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran
| | | | - Mohsen Kolahdouzan
- Department of Surgery, School of MedicineIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Reza Eshraghi Samani
- Department of Surgery, School of MedicineIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Hossein Teimori
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences InstituteShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran
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4
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Ebrahimi N, Hakimzadeh A, Bozorgmand F, Speed S, Manavi MS, Khorram R, Farahani K, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Mansouri A, Hamblin MR, Aref AR. Role of non-coding RNAs as new therapeutic targets in regulating the EMT and apoptosis in metastatic gastric and colorectal cancers. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2302-2323. [PMID: 38009668 PMCID: PMC10730205 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2286804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC), are the two most common cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, and are serious health concerns worldwide. The discovery of more effective biomarkers for early diagnosis, and improved patient prognosis is important. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), can regulate cellular processes such as apoptosis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) leading to progression and resistance of GC and CRC tumors. Moreover these pathways (apoptosis and EMT) may serve as therapeutic targets, to prevent metastasis, and to overcome drug resistance. A subgroup of ncRNAs is common to both GC and CRC tumors, suggesting that they might be used as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. In this review, we highlight some ncRNAs that can regulate EMT and apoptosis as two opposite mechanisms in cancer progression and metastasis in GC and CRC. A better understanding of the biological role of ncRNAs could open up new avenues for the development of personalized treatment plans for GC and CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Hakimzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Tuscany, Italy
| | - Farima Bozorgmand
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Speed
- Medical Campus, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Roya Khorram
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kobra Farahani
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Atena Mansouri
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine group, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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5
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Roshani M, Molavizadeh D, Sadeghi S, Jafari A, Dashti F, Mirazimi SMA, Ahmadi Asouri S, Rajabi A, Hamblin MR, Anoushirvani AA, Mirzaei H. Emerging roles of miR-145 in gastrointestinal cancers: A new paradigm. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115264. [PMID: 37619484 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) carcinomas are a group of cancers affecting the GI tract and digestive organs, such as the gastric, liver, bile ducts, pancreas, small intestine, esophagus, colon, and rectum. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small functional non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) which are involved in regulating the expression of multiple target genes; mainly at the post-transcriptional level, via complementary binding to their 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). Increasing evidence has shown that miRNAs have critical roles in modulating of various physiological and pathological cellular processes and regulating the occurrence and development of human malignancies. Among them, miR-145 is recognized for its anti-oncogenic properties in various cancers, including GI cancers. MiR-145 has been implicated in diverse biological processes of cancers through the regulation of target genes or signaling, including, proliferation, differentiation, tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, metastasis, and therapy resistance. In this review, we have summarized the role of miR-145 in selected GI cancers and also its downstream molecules and cellular processes targets, which could lead to a better understanding of the miR-145 in these cancers. In conclusion, we reveal the potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value of miR-145 in GI cancer, and hope to provide new ideas for its application as a biomarker as well as a therapeutic target for the treatment of these cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Roshani
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Danial Molavizadeh
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sara Sadeghi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dashti
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ali Mirazimi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sahar Ahmadi Asouri
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for BasicSciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ali Rajabi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Ali Arash Anoushirvani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Firoozgar Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, Firoozgar Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Hoveizi E, Rafienia B, Shahriari A. A free fatty acid receptor agonist inducing autophagy in HT-29 cells by downregulating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1931-1938. [PMID: 38376299 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1184_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
AIMS GW9508, a free fatty acid receptor agonist acts in a G-coupled protein receptor 40 (GPR40)-dependent pathway. Here, we investigated the induction of stress oxidative and autophagy by GW9508 in the human colorectal cancer cell line (HT-29) and the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptotic in HT-29 cells. METHODS HT-29 was treated with GW9508 at a concentrations range of 50-500 μM in fibrin gel. Cell viability was investigated using an MTT assay. Induction of autophagy and apoptosis was assessed through Western blotting for associated proteins, acridine orange staining, MDC staining, qRT-PCR, and electron microscopy. Also, we estimated the molecular interactions between GW9805 and some markers through molecular docking. RESULTS GW9508 inhibited HT-29 cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and resulted in autophagy. The induced autophagy in cells was confirmed by the observation of autophagosomes, the presence of autophagy markers, including beclin-1, LC3, AMPK, and lack expression of mTOR and AKT. Moreover, GW9508 treatment significantly increased the expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase in cells. DISCUSSION Our results indicated that GW9508 could induce autophagy by inhibiting the Akt/mTOR in HT-29. Hence, GW9508 is suggested as a novel anticancer reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hoveizi
- Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Behnoosh Rafienia
- Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Shahriari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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7
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Valizadeh M, Babaei E, Sharifi R, Yazdanbod A. Restoration of miR-650 leads to down-regulation of KISS1, a possible route involved in overcoming 5-FU resistance and induction of apoptosis in CRC cells in-vitro. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:6591-6599. [PMID: 37341919 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08451-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. We aimed to determine the role of miR-650 in CRC pathogenesis. METHODS In this study, we examined the expression of miR-650 and KISS1 in 80 CRC patients who either received or did not receive chemo agents. For this aim, we assessed the miR-650 and KISS1 expression levels in 80 CRC tissues, 30 of which had no history of chemotherapy. The effect of miR-650 and 5-FU on KISS1 expression was measured using qPCR and Western blotting. Also, the 5- FU effect on miR-650 expression in the CRC cell lines was measured by qRT-PCR. Next, MTT assay and Flowcytometry assays were conducted to determine the role of miR-650 in cell viability and apoptosis. RESULTS The results showed that miR-650 was down-regulated in CRC tissues. However, patients who received 5-FU before surgery showed increased expression of miR-650. The results for KISS1 were insignificant while administering 5-FU to patients preoperatively increased its expression. In-vitro studies showed that 5-FU led to the up-regulation of miR-650 in the SW480 CRC cell line. Furthermore, the administration of miR-650 and 5-FU downregulated KISS1, especially when combined. Moreover, miR-650 with 5-FU significantly reduced cell viability in CRC cell lines by inducing apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that miR-650 has a tumor suppressive function, overcoming 5-FU chemoresistance in CRC, and induces apoptosis probably by alleviating KISS1. These results suggest that miR-650 is a potential contributor to CRC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Valizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Babaei
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Rasoul Sharifi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
| | - Abbas Yazdanbod
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, Digestive Diseases Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Guo M, Li X, Li J, Li B. Identification of the prognostic biomarkers and their correlations with immune infiltration in colorectal cancer through bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17101. [PMID: 37389063 PMCID: PMC10300223 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death. The objective was to identify novel hub genes that were helpful for prognosis and targeted therapy in CRC. GSE23878, GSE24514, GSE41657, GSE81582 were filtered from the gene expression omnibus (GEO). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through GEO2R, which were enriched in the GO term and KEGG pathway in DAVID. PPI network was constructed and analyzed using STRING and hub genes were screened out. The relationships between hub genes and prognoses in CRC were evaluated in GEPIA based on the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and genotype-tissue expression (GTEx). The transcription factors and miRNA-mRNA interaction networks for hub genes were performed using miRnet and miRTarBase. The relationship between hub genes and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were analyzed in TIMER. The protein levels of hub genes were identified in HPA. The expression levels of hub gene in CRC and its effect on the biological effect of CRC cells were identified in vitro. As hub genes, the mRNA levels of BIRC5, CCNB1, KIF20A, NCAPG, and TPX2 were highly expressed in CRC and had excellent prognostic value. The BIRC5, CCNB1, KIF20A, NCAPG, and TPX2 were closely associated with transcription factors, miRNAs, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, suggesting their involvement in the regulation of CRC. BIRC5 highly expressed in CRC tissues and cells, and promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. BIRC5, CCNB1, KIF20A, NCAPG, and TPX2 are hub genes that serve as promising prognostic biomarkers in CRC. BIRC5 plays an important role in the development and progression of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaxi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiong Li
- Department of Anatomy, Neuroscience Laboratory for Cognitive and Developmental Disorders, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baolong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Patel D, Thankachan S, Fawaz P P A, Venkatesh T, Prasada Kabekkodu S, Suresh PS. Deciphering the role of MitomiRs in cancer: A comprehensive review. Mitochondrion 2023; 70:118-130. [PMID: 37120081 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate many metabolic and signal transduction pathways. The role of miRNAs, usually found in the cytoplasm, in regulating gene expression and cancer progression has been extensively studied in the last few decades. However, very recently, miRNAs were found to localize in the mitochondria. MiRNAs that specifically localize in the mitochondria and the cytoplasmic miRNAs associated with mitochondria that directly or indirectly modulate specific mitochondrial functions are termed as "mitomiRs". Although it is not clear about the origin of mitomiRs that are situated within mitochondria (nuclear or mitochondrial origin), it is evident that they have specific functions in modulating gene expression and regulating important mitochondrial metabolic pathways. Through this review, we aim to delineate the mechanisms by which mitomiRs alter mitochondrial metabolic pathways and influence the initiation and progression of cancer. We further discuss the functions of particular mitomiRs, which have been widely studied in the context of mitochondrial metabolism and oncogenic signaling pathways. Based on the current knowledge, we can conclude that mitomiRs contribute significantly to mitochondrial function and metabolic regulation, and that dysregulation of mitomiRs can aid the proliferation of cancer cells. Therefore, the less explored area of mitomiRs' biology can be an important topic of research investigation in the future for targeting cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimple Patel
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India
| | - Sanu Thankachan
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India
| | - Abu Fawaz P P
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipa1-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Thejaswini Venkatesh
- Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Kasargod, Kerala, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipa1-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Padmanaban S Suresh
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India.
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10
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Mishra S, Sarkar S, Pandey A, Yadav SK, Negi R, Yadav S, Pant AB. Crosstalk Between miRNA and Protein Expression Profiles in Nitrate-Exposed Brain Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3855-3872. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03316-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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11
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HNRNPA2B1-Mediated MicroRNA-92a Upregulation and Section Acts as a Promising Noninvasive Diagnostic Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051367. [PMID: 36831695 PMCID: PMC9954252 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-92a (miR-92a) may serve as a novel promising biomarker in multiple cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the diagnostic accuracy and the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-92a in CRC is poorly understood. We first carried out meta-analysis and found that serum/plasma miR-92a yield better diagnostic efficacy when compared to stool samples and CRC tissues, and this finding was validated by our independent study through stool sample. Multiple bioinformatics assay indicated that miR-92a expression was positively correlated with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1 (HNRNPA2B1) expression and closely related with the clinical characteristics of CRC. Experimental evidence showed that knockdown of HNRNPA2B1 could significantly decrease miR-92a expression and secretion in RKO cells. HNRNPA2B1 mediated miR-92a via m6A RNA modification. These findings indicate that HNRNPA2B1-m6A RNA modification-derived MicroRNA-92a upregulation and section from the local CRC acts a candidate noninvasive serum biomarker in colorectal cancer. Our study provides a novel insight into miR-92a mechanisms in relation to both expression and secretion for CRC diagnosis.
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12
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Hosseinzadeh R, Bahadori A, Ghorbani M, Mohammadimehr M. Lactobacillus casei condition medium downregulates miR-21 relative expression in HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 370:fnad089. [PMID: 37697675 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated promising outcomes regarding the advantageous impact of probiotics in both cancer prevention and treatment. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms underpinning these effects remain elusive. Recent investigations have proposed a potential involvement of micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) in mediating the favorable influence of probiotics on cancerous cells. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus casei condition medium on miR-21 relative expression in HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. Lactobacillus casei condition medium mixed with RPMI in different proportions (1:1, 1:3, and 1:7) and utilized to treat HT-29 cells for 24 and 48 h. Subsequently, percentage of early and late apoptotic cells were identified using a flow cytometry instrument. A real-time polymerase chain reaction was carried out to determine the relative expression of miR-21. Our findings revealed that L. casei condition medium induces apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner in HT-29 cells. Furthermore, we found a significantly downregulated miR-21 after treatment with high doses of L. casei condition medium after 48 h. Overall, our results provide valuable insights into a potential mechanism through which L. casei condition medium mediates its apoptotic effect in colorectal cancer cells through downregulation of miR-21. However, further investigations are required to unravel its therapeutic, diagnostic, and treatment monitoring potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Hosseinzadeh
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran
| | - Ali Bahadori
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab 4543154717, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ghorbani
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mohammadimehr
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran
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13
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Liang C, Yang JB, Lin XY, Xie BL, Xu YX, Lin S, Xu TW. Recent advances in the diagnostic and therapeutic roles of microRNAs in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:911856. [PMID: 36313731 PMCID: PMC9607901 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.911856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy in the world and one of the leading causes of cancer death; its incidence is still increasing in most countries. The early diagnostic accuracy of CRC is low, and the metastasis rate is high, resulting in a low survival rate of advanced patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a small class of noncoding RNAs that can inhibit mRNA translation and trigger mRNA degradation, and can affect a variety of cellular and molecular targets. Numerous studies have shown that miRNAs are related to tumour progression, immune system activity, anticancer drug resistance, and the tumour microenvironment. Dysregulation of miRNAs occurs in a variety of malignancies, including CRC. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress of miRNAs, their roles in tumour progression and metastasis, and their clinical value as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for CRC. Furthermore, we combined the roles of miRNAs in tumorigenesis and development with the therapeutic strategies of CRC patients, which will provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liang
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jing-Bo Yang
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yi Lin
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Bi-Lan Xie
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yun-Xian Xu
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Tian-Wen Xu, ; Shu Lin,
| | - Tian-Wen Xu
- Department of Digestive Tumours, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tian-Wen Xu, ; Shu Lin,
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14
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Du S, Yang J, Cao X, Jiang L, Zu M, Zhao Q. Overexpression of Metastasis-Associated in Colon Cancer 1-Antisense RNA 1 (MACC1-AS1) in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Inhibits miR-145-5P and Promotes Chemotherapy Resistance of Colorectal Cancer. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BMSCs have the potential of multipotent differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between MACC1-AS1 and miR-145-5P in BMSCs and their effect on chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). BMSCs extracted from mouse marrow were transfected with MACC1-AS1
mimic, or MACC1-AS1 NC (control group). CRC cells were treated wtih gemcitabine and then co-cultured with BMSCs to measure cell viability and invasiveness by MTT and Transwell assay, along with analysis of the expression of MACC1, miR-145-5P, HGF, C-met, P-gp, and MRP. Successful isolation
of BMSCs was confirmed by flow cytometry with positive expression of CD44, CD105, and CD90 (purity > 95%). Functionally, overexpression of MACC1-AS1 in BMSCs increased CRC cell viability and invasion, attenuated the inhibitory effect of gemcitabine (p < 0.05). Up-regulation of
MACC1-AS1 (9.23±1.21) as demonstrated by RT-qPCR, resulted in a decline of miR-145-5P expression (4.23±1.22) in CRC cells (p < 0.05). In addition, overexpression of MACC1-AS1 increased the expression of HGF, C-met, and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (P-gp,
and MRP). In conclusion, overexpression of MACC1-AS1 in BMSCs inhibits miR-145-5P expression to promote colorectal cancer cell progression possibly via activating HGF/C-met pathway and inducing resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Du
- Department of Endoscopy, The Number Two Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Junna Yang
- Department of Endoscopy, The Number Two Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Xingwei Cao
- Department of Endoscopy, The Number Two Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Endoscopy, The Number Two Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Mingli Zu
- Department of Endoscopy, The Number Two Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Qingchao Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy, The Number Two Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
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15
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Wagner A, Kosnacova H, Chovanec M, Jurkovicova D. Mitochondrial Genetic and Epigenetic Regulations in Cancer: Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147897. [PMID: 35887244 PMCID: PMC9321253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles managing crucial processes of cellular metabolism and bioenergetics. Enabling rapid cellular adaptation to altered endogenous and exogenous environments, mitochondria play an important role in many pathophysiological states, including cancer. Being under the control of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA (mtDNA and nDNA), mitochondria adjust their activity and biogenesis to cell demands. In cancer, numerous mutations in mtDNA have been detected, which do not inactivate mitochondrial functions but rather alter energy metabolism to support cancer cell growth. Increasing evidence suggests that mtDNA mutations, mtDNA epigenetics and miRNA regulations dynamically modify signalling pathways in an altered microenvironment, resulting in cancer initiation and progression and aberrant therapy response. In this review, we discuss mitochondria as organelles importantly involved in tumorigenesis and anti-cancer therapy response. Tumour treatment unresponsiveness still represents a serious drawback in current drug therapies. Therefore, studying aspects related to genetic and epigenetic control of mitochondria can open a new field for understanding cancer therapy response. The urgency of finding new therapeutic regimens with better treatment outcomes underlines the targeting of mitochondria as a suitable candidate with new therapeutic potential. Understanding the role of mitochondria and their regulation in cancer development, progression and treatment is essential for the development of new safe and effective mitochondria-based therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Wagner
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.W.); (H.K.); (M.C.)
- Department of Simulation and Virtual Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Helena Kosnacova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.W.); (H.K.); (M.C.)
- Department of Simulation and Virtual Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Chovanec
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.W.); (H.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Dana Jurkovicova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.W.); (H.K.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Liu X, Wen YZ, Huang ZL, Shen X, Wang JH, Luo YH, Chen WX, Lun ZR, Li HB, Qu LH, Shan H, Zheng LL. SARS-CoV-2 causes a significant stress response mediated by small RNAs in the blood of COVID-19 patients. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:751-762. [PMID: 35003892 PMCID: PMC8719421 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had a serious impact on the world. In this study, small RNAs from the blood of COVID-19 patients with moderate or severe symptoms were extracted for high-throughput sequencing and analysis. Interestingly, the levels of a special group of tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) were found to be dramatically upregulated after SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with severe symptoms. In particular, the 3′CCA tsRNAs from tRNA-Gly were highly consistent with the inflammation indicator C-reactive protein (CRP). In addition, we found that the majority of significantly changed microRNAs (miRNAs) were associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/unfolded protein response (UPR) sensors, which may lead to the induction of proinflammatory cytokine and immune responses. This study found that SARS-CoV-2 infection caused significant changes in the levels of stress-associated small RNAs in patient blood and their potential functions. Our research revealed that the cells of COVID-19 patients undergo tremendous stress and respond, which can be reflected or regulated by small non-coding RNA (sncRNAs), thus providing potential thought for therapeutic intervention in COVID-19 by modulating small RNA levels or activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Zi Wen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Liang Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xia Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China.,Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), Fudan University, Guangzhou 511458, P. R. China.,Center for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Jun-Hao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Hai Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Xin Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Rong Lun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Bin Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Hu Qu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hong Shan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, P. R. China.,Department of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Ling Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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17
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Chu J, Fang X, Sun Z, Gai L, Dai W, Li H, Yan X, Du J, Zhang L, Zhao L, Xu D, Yan S. Non-Coding RNAs Regulate the Resistance to Anti-EGFR Therapy in Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:801319. [PMID: 35111681 PMCID: PMC8802825 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.801319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third prevalent cancer worldwide, the morbidity and mortality of which have been increasing in recent years. As molecular targeting agents, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) have significantly increased the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of metastatic CRC (mCRC) patients. Nevertheless, most patients are eventually resistant to anti-EGFR McAbs. With the intensive study of the mechanism of anti-EGFR drug resistance, a variety of biomarkers and pathways have been found to participate in CRC resistance to anti-EGFR therapy. More and more studies have implicated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) primarily including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are widely involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. They function as essential regulators controlling the expression and function of oncogenes. Increasing data have shown ncRNAs affect the resistance of molecular targeted drugs in CRC including anti-EGFR McAbs. In this paper, we have reviewed the advance in mechanisms of ncRNAs in regulating anti-EGFR McAbs therapy resistance in CRC. It provides insight into exploring ncRNAs as new molecular targets and prognostic markers for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Chu
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xianzhu Fang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhonghou Sun
- Department of Pediatrics of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Linlin Gai
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Wenqing Dai
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xinyi Yan
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jinke Du
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Donghua Xu
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Shushan Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anal Diseases Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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18
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Van der Mude A. A proposed Information-Based modality for the treatment of cancer. Biosystems 2021; 211:104587. [PMID: 34915101 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Treatment modalities for cancer involve physical manipulations such as surgery, immunology, radiation, chemotherapy or gene editing. This is a proposal for an information-based modality. This modality does not change the internal state of the cancer cell directly - instead, the cancer cell is manipulated by giving it information to instruct the cell to perform an action. This modality is based on a theory of Structure Encoding in DNA, where information about body part structure controls the epigenetic state of cells in the process of development from pluripotent cells to fully differentiated cells. It has been noted that cancer is often due to errors in morphogenetic differentiation accompanied by associated epigenetic processes. This implies a model of cancer called the Epigenetic Differentiation Model. A major feature of the Structure Encoding Theory is that the characteristics of the differentiated cell are affected by inter-cellular information passed in the tissue microenvironment, which specifies the exact location of a cell in a body part structure. This is done by exosomes that carry fragments of long non-coding RNA and transposons, which convey structure information. In the normal process of epigenetic differentiation, the information passed may lead to apoptosis due to the constraints of a particular body part structure. The proposed treatment involves determining what structure information is being passed in a particular tumor, then adding artificial exosomes that overwhelm the current information with commands for the cells to go into apoptosis.
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19
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Ge Y, Zhang R, Feng Y, Lu J, Li H. Mbd2 deficiency alleviates retinal cell apoptosisvia the miR-345-5p/Atf1 axis in high glucoseinjury and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:1201-1214. [PMID: 34853720 PMCID: PMC8605293 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation is considered to play an important role in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Here, our goal was to investigate the precise role of methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2 (Mbd2) in the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the early diabetic retina. Mbd2 was significantly upregulated after high glucose (HG) treatment and played a proapoptotic role in RGCs during HG-induced apoptosis. Combining ChIP and gene microarray datasets, the results showed that Mbd2 possessed potential binding sites for miR-345-5p, thereby elevating the expression levels of miR-345-5p via the enhancement of promoter demethylation. Activating transcription factor 1 (Atf1) played an anti-apoptotic role during the process of apoptosis in RGCs and acted as the target gene for miR-345-5p. Furthermore, the number of surviving RGCs in the diabetic retina was increased in Mbd2-knockout mice when compared with wild-type mice and the visual function became better accordingly. Collectively, our data demonstrated that the HG-induced overexpression of Mbd2 in the retina was partly responsible for the apoptosis of retinal neuronal cells through the miR-345-5p/Atf1 axis. Therefore, the targeting of Mbd2 might represent a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurodegeneration in the early diabetic retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yuqing Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jinfang Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Huiling Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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20
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He Z, Xin Z, Peng Y, Zhao H, Fang X. Construction of competing endogenous RNA interaction network as prognostic markers in metastatic melanoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12143. [PMID: 34616613 PMCID: PMC8449535 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a malignant tumor originating from melanocytes, with high aggressiveness, high metastasis and extremely poor prognosis. MM accounts for 4% of skin cancers and 80% of mortality, and the median survival of patients with metastatic melanoma is only about 6 months, with a five-year survival rate of less than 10%. In recent years, the incidence of melanoma has gradually increased and has become one of the serious diseases that endanger human health. Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) is the main model of the mechanism by which long chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a regulatory role in the disease. LncRNAs can act as a "sponge", competitively attracting small RNAs (micoRNAs; miRNAs), thus interfering with miRNA function, and affect the expression of target gene messenger RNAs (mRNAs), ultimately promoting tumorigenesis and progression. Bioinformatics analysis can identify potentially prognostic and therapeutically relevant differentially expressed genes in MM, finding lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs that are interconnected through the ceRNA network, providing further insight into gene regulation and prognosis of metastatic melanoma. Weighted co-expression networks were used to identify lncRNA and mRNA modules associated with the metastatic phenotype, as well as the co-expression genes contained in the modules. A total of 17 lncRNAs, six miRNAs, and 11 mRNAs were used to construct a ceRNA interaction network that plays a regulatory role in metastatic melanoma patients. The prognostic risk model was used as a sorter to classify the survival prognosis of melanoma patients. Four groups of ceRNA interaction triplets were finally obtained, which miR-3662 might has potential implication for the treatment of metaststic melanoma patients, and futher experiments confirmed the regulating relationship and phenotype of this assumption. This study provides new targets to regulate metastatic process, predict metastatic potential and indicates that the miR-3662 can be used in the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan He
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Zijuan Xin
- Beijing Institute of Genomics/China National Center for Bioinformation, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongfei Peng
- Beijing Institute of Genomics/China National Center for Bioinformation, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.,Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Fang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics/China National Center for Bioinformation, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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21
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Xiong J, Zhang L, Tang R, Zhu Z. MicroRNA-301b-3p facilitates cell proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer by targeting HOXB1. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5839-5849. [PMID: 34488545 PMCID: PMC8806818 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1962483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies revealed that miR-301b-3p was essential to the onset and development of several cancers, but the implied functions of miR-301b-3p in colorectal cancer (CRC) remained largely unclear. The current study is aimed to exploring the potential roles and possible mechanism of miR-301b-3p in CRC. The abundance of miR-301b-3p and HOXB1 in CRC clinical specimens and cell lines was verified using RT-qPCR. The CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing and transwell assays were adopted to evaluate cell proliferation and migration. The interactivity of miR-301b-3p and homeobox B1 (HOXB1) was identified using bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter. The results of RT-qPCR indicated that miR-301b-3p was significantly upregulated in CRC clinical specimens and cell lines. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-301b-3p speeds up CRC cell proliferation and migration. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter verified that HOXB1 acted as the downstream targeted mRNA. Furthermore, silencing of HOXB1 also obviously accelerated the proliferation and migration ability of CRC cells. miR-301b-3p facilitated cell proliferation and migration in CRC, which was partly reversed by overexpressing HOXB1. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that miR-301b-3p facilitated CRC cell growth and migration via targeting HOXB1. Our results identified that miR-301b-3p served as a significant oncogene in CRC, which may provide a novel biomarker for diagnosis and therapeutic objective for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Xiong
- Second Abdominal Surgery Department, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Record Statistics, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ren Tang
- Second Abdominal Surgery Department, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhengming Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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22
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Jung AM, Zhou J, Beitel SC, Littau SR, Gulotta JJ, Wallentine DD, Moore PK, Burgess JL. Longitudinal evaluation of whole blood miRNA expression in firefighters. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021; 31:900-912. [PMID: 33603099 PMCID: PMC8445815 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-021-00306-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulated microRNA (miRNA) expression could provide a mechanism linking firefighter exposure to increased cancer risk. OBJECTIVE To determine if changes in longitudinal miRNA expression in firefighters are associated with occupational exposures. METHODS Whole blood MiRNA was evaluated in 52 new recruits prior to live-fire training and 20-37 months later. Linear mixed effects models adjusted for age, ethnicity, BMI, and batch effects were used to determine associations separately for all fires and structure fires only between employment duration, cumulative fire-hours and fire-runs, and time since most recent fire with (1) nine a priori and (2) the full array of 799 miRNAs. RESULTS For multivariable models including all fires, two a priori miRNAs were associated with employment duration and four with time since most recent fire. For multivariable models restricted to structure fires, three a priori miRNAs were associated with employment duration and one with fire-runs. Additional miRNAs from the full array were associated with employment duration for all fires and/or structure fires. In general, tumor suppressive miRNAs decreased and oncogenic miRNAs increased with exposure. SIGNIFICANCE Changes in miRNAs may serve as biomarkers of exposure effects and a mechanism for increased cancer risk in firefighters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alesia M Jung
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Shawn C Beitel
- Department of Community, Environment and Policy, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sally R Littau
- Department of Community, Environment and Policy, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jefferey L Burgess
- Department of Community, Environment and Policy, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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23
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Hamdan Y, Mazini L, Malka G. Exosomes and Micro-RNAs in Aging Process. Biomedicines 2021; 9:968. [PMID: 34440172 PMCID: PMC8393989 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are the main actors of intercellular communications and have gained great interest in the new cell-free regenerative medicine. These nanoparticles are secreted by almost all cell types and contain lipids, cytokines, growth factors, messenger RNA, and different non-coding RNA, especially micro-RNAs (mi-RNAs). Exosomes' cargo is released in the neighboring microenvironment but is also expected to act on distant tissues or organs. Different biological processes such as cell development, growth and repair, senescence, migration, immunomodulation, and aging, among others, are mediated by exosomes and principally exosome-derived mi-RNAs. Moreover, their therapeutic potential has been proved and reinforced by their use as biomarkers for disease diagnostics and progression. Evidence has increasingly shown that exosome-derived mi-RNAs are key regulators of age-related diseases, and their involvement in longevity is becoming a promising issue. For instance, mi-RNAs such as mi-RNA-21, mi-RNA-29, and mi-RNA-34 modulate tissue functionality and regeneration by targeting different tissues and involving different pathways but might also interfere with long life expectancy. Human mi-RNAs profiling is effectively related to the biological fluids that are reported differently between young and old individuals. However, their underlying mechanisms modulating cell senescence and aging are still not fully understood, and little was reported on the involvement of mi-RNAs in cell or tissue longevity. In this review, we summarize exosome biogenesis and mi-RNA synthesis and loading mechanism into exosomes' cargo. Additionally, we highlight the molecular mechanisms of exosomes and exosome-derived mi-RNA regulation in the different aging processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Loubna Mazini
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique, Lot 660 Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 3150, Morocco; (Y.H.); (G.M.)
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Anti-Cancer Effect of Panax Ginseng and Its Metabolites: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Drug Discovery. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer incidence and mortality rate are growing worldwide. The effectiveness of cancer therapy depends on the degree of cancer development. Anticancer prevention, screening tests, detection of precancerous conditions or cancers at an early stage of development help to prevent the development of cancer, and in the event of cancer development, they provide the best chance for a full recovery. However, in most cases of advanced cancer, there is no method that can fully cure this disease. Recently, natural products have gained more attention in cancer therapy. Panax ginseng (PG), one of the most popular natural products, is reported to have a wide range of pharmacological activities in cancer. Therefore, the anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of PG and its metabolites (compound K, Ginsenoside Rh1, Rh2, Rh3 and F1) in five major cancers (lung cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer and stomach cancer) are reviewed in this study. It is confirmed that PG and its metabolites regulated apoptosis, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, cell cycle arrest and multidrug resistance (MDR) in vitro and in vivo cancer models. In particular, ginsenoside Rh2 showed anticancer effects in all five major cancers. This review could improve the understanding of anticancer mechanisms of PG and its metabolites against major five cancers. Further clinical studies are needed for development anti-cancer drugs using PG and its metabolites.
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Tubita V, Callejas‐Díaz B, Roca‐Ferrer J, Marin C, Liu Z, Wang DY, Mullol J. Role of microRNAs in inflammatory upper airway diseases. Allergy 2021; 76:1967-1980. [PMID: 33314198 DOI: 10.1111/all.14706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a conserved family of small endogenous noncoding RNA molecules that modulate post-transcriptional gene expression in physiological and pathological processes. miRNAs can silence target mRNAs through degradation or inhibition of translation, showing their pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many human diseases. miRNAs play a role in regulating immune functions and inflammation and are implicated in controlling the development and activation of T and B cells. Inflammatory chronic upper airway diseases, such as rhinitis and rhinosinusitis, are spread all over the world and characterized by an exaggerated inflammation involving a complex interaction between immune and resident cells. Until now and despite allergy, little is known about their etiology and the processes implicated in the immune response and tuning inflammation of these diseases. This review highlights the knowledge of the current literature about miRNAs in inflammatory chronic upper airways diseases and how this may be exploited in the development of new clinical and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Tubita
- INGENIO Immunoal·lèrgia Respiratòria Clínica i Experimental (IRCE) Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Borja Callejas‐Díaz
- INGENIO Immunoal·lèrgia Respiratòria Clínica i Experimental (IRCE) Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES) Carlos III Institute Barcelona Spain
| | - Jordi Roca‐Ferrer
- INGENIO Immunoal·lèrgia Respiratòria Clínica i Experimental (IRCE) Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES) Carlos III Institute Barcelona Spain
| | - Concepció Marin
- INGENIO Immunoal·lèrgia Respiratòria Clínica i Experimental (IRCE) Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES) Carlos III Institute Barcelona Spain
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - De Yun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeNational University Health System Singapore Singapore
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- INGENIO Immunoal·lèrgia Respiratòria Clínica i Experimental (IRCE) Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES) Carlos III Institute Barcelona Spain
- ENT Department Rhinology Unit & Smell Clinic Hospital Clínic de BarcelonaUniversitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
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Pidíková P, Herichová I. miRNA Clusters with Up-Regulated Expression in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122979. [PMID: 34198662 PMCID: PMC8232258 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As miRNAs show the capacity to be used as CRC biomarkers, we analysed experimentally validated data about frequently up-regulated miRNA clusters in CRC tissue. We identified 15 clusters that showed increased expression in CRC: miR-106a/363, miR-106b/93/25, miR-17/92a-1, miR-181a-1/181b-1, miR-181a-2/181b-2, miR-181c/181d, miR-183/96/182, miR-191/425, miR-200c/141, miR-203a/203b, miR-222/221, mir-23a/27a/24-2, mir-29b-1/29a, mir-301b/130b and mir-452/224. Cluster positions in the genome are intronic or intergenic. Most clusters are regulated by several transcription factors, and by long non-coding RNAs. In some cases, co-expression of miRNA with other cluster members or host gene has been proven. miRNA expression patterns in cancer tissue, blood and faeces were compared. The members of the selected clusters target 181 genes. Their functions and corresponding pathways were revealed with the use of Panther analysis. Clusters miR-17/92a-1, miR-106a/363, miR-106b/93/25 and miR-183/96/182 showed the strongest association with metastasis occurrence and poor patient survival, implicating them as the most promising targets of translational research. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in Europe and North America. Early diagnosis is a key feature of efficient CRC treatment. As miRNAs can be used as CRC biomarkers, the aim of the present study was to analyse experimentally validated data on frequently up-regulated miRNA clusters in CRC tissue and investigate their members with respect to clinicopathological characteristics of patients. Based on available data, 15 up-regulated clusters, miR-106a/363, miR-106b/93/25, miR-17/92a-1, miR-181a-1/181b-1, miR-181a-2/181b-2, miR-181c/181d, miR-183/96/182, miR-191/425, miR-200c/141, miR-203a/203b, miR-222/221, mir-23a/27a/24-2, mir-29b-1/29a, mir-301b/130b and mir-452/224, were selected. The positions of such clusters in the genome can be intronic or intergenic. Most clusters are regulated by several transcription factors, and miRNAs are also sponged by specific long non-coding RNAs. In some cases, co-expression of miRNA with other cluster members or host gene has been proven. miRNA expression patterns in cancer tissue, blood and faeces were compared. Based on experimental evidence, 181 target genes of selected clusters were identified. Panther analysis was used to reveal the functions of the target genes and their corresponding pathways. Clusters miR-17/92a-1, miR-106a/363, miR-106b/93/25 and miR-183/96/182 showed the strongest association with metastasis occurrence and poor patient survival, implicating them as the most promising targets of translational research.
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Association analysis of miRNA-related genetic polymorphisms in miR-143/145 and KRAS with colorectal cancer susceptibility and survival. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228219. [PMID: 33825830 PMCID: PMC8062955 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20204136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is accumulating evidence of aberrant expression of miR-143 and miR-145 and their target gene KRAS in colorectal cancer (CRC). We hypothesize that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within or near mRNA–microRNA (miRNA) binding sites may affect miRNA/target gene interaction, resulting in differential mRNA/protein expression and promoting the development and progression of CRC. Methods: We conducted a case–control study of 507 patients with CRC recruited from a tertiary hospital and 497 population-based controls to assess the association of genetic polymorphisms in miR-143/145 and the KRAS 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) with susceptibility to CRC and patients’ survival. In addition, genetic variations of genomic regions located from 500 bp upstream to 500 bp downstream of the miR-143/miR-145 gene and the 3′UTR of KRAS were selected for analysis using the Haploview and HaploReg software. Results: Using publicly available expression profiling data, we found that miR-143/145 and KRAS expression were all reduced in rectal cancer tissue compared with adjacent non-neoplastic large intestinal mucosa. The rs74693964 C/T variant located 65 bp downstream of miR-145 genomic regions was observed to be associated with susceptibility to CRC (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 2.414, 95% CI: 1.385–4.206). Cumulative effects of miR-143 and miR-145 on CRC risk were observed (Ptrend=0.03). Patients having CRC carrying variant genotype TT of KRAS rs712 had poorer survival (log-rank P=0.044, adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 4.328, 95% CI: 1.236–15.147). Conclusions: Our results indicate that miRNA-related polymorphisms in miR-143/145 and KRAS are likely to be deleterious and represent potential biomarkers for susceptibility to CRC and patients’ survival.
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Oleuropein reduces cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer by targeting apoptotic pathway regulators. Life Sci 2021; 278:119525. [PMID: 33894272 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Despite many attempts to treat ovarian cancer, 13,940 individuals perish annually due to this disease worldwide. Chemotherapy is the main approach to ovarian cancer treatment, but the development of drug resistance is a major obstacle to the successful treatment. Oleuropein is a phenolic ingredient with anticancer characteristics. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of oleuropein on cell viability, cisplatin resistance, and apoptosis, as well as the expression levels of miR-34a, miR-125b, miR16, miR-21, and some of their potential target genes in ovarian cancer cells. MAIN METHODS A2780S and A2780/CP cell lines were exposed to different concentrations of oleuropein alone or in combination with cisplatin for 48 h and 72 h. After that, the cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated using MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted using STRING database and Cytoscape software. The effect of oleuropein and/or cisplatin on the expression of miRNAs and target genes was assessed via Real-time PCR. KEY FINDINGS Upon treatment with oleuropein, the expression of P21, P53, and TNFRSF10B increased while that of Bcl-2 and Mcl1 decreased. Moreover, this is the 1st report of a significant decrease in the expression of miR-21 and increase in the expression of miR-34a, miR-125b, and miR16 by oleuropein and/or cisplatin in ovarian cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE Altogether, these data revealed that oleuropein regulated the expression of the above-mentioned miRNAs in ovarian cancer cells, which potentially resulted in apoptosis induction, cell proliferation inhibition, and cisplatin resistance decline in ovarian cancer cells. To confirm the results of this study, it is suggested that similar experiments be performed in animal models of ovarian cancer.
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MicroRNAs in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A State of the Art Review of the Regulatory Mechanisms and Future Perspectives. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040955. [PMID: 33924120 PMCID: PMC8074316 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare malignant neoplasia with a variable clinical course, with complete remission often difficult to achieve. Genetic alterations lead to fundamental changes not only in hereditary MTC but also in the sporadic form, with close correlations between mutational status and prognosis. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have become highly relevant as crucial players in MTC etiology. Current research has focused on their roles in disease carcinogenesis and development, but recent studies have expounded their potential as biomarkers and response predictors to novel biological drugs for advanced MTC. One such element which requires greater investigation is their mechanism of action and the molecular pathways involved in the regulation of gene expression. A more thorough understanding of these mechanisms will help realize the promising potential of miRNAs for MTC therapy and management.
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MiR-24-3p as a prognostic indicator for multiple cancers: from a meta-analysis view. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226991. [PMID: 33206184 PMCID: PMC7711065 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of researches suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) as oncogene or tumor suppressor genes play a fundamental role in various kinds of cancers. Among them, miR-24-3p, as a star molecule, is widely studied. However, the prognostic value of miR-24-3p is unclear and controversial. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of miR-24-3p in a variety of cancers by integrated existing articles from four databases. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library (last update in March 2020) were searched for approach literature. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were used to evaluate the association between miR-24-3p expression levels and prognostic value or clinicopathological characteristics, respectively. A total of 15 studies from 14 literature were finally qualified and concluded in the present meta-analysis. A significantly worse overall survival was observed in higher expression of miR-24-3p cancer group for OS (overall survival) of log-rank tests and Cox multivariate regression by fixed effects model. Also, we found a significant correlation between elevated miR-24-3p levels to RFS (recurrence-free survival) and DFS (disease-free survival). In addition, the pooled odds ratios (ORs) showed that evaluated miR-24-3p was also associated with the larger tumor size (≥5 cm) and advanced TNM stage (III and IV). Built on the above findings, elevated expression levels of miR-24-3p may serve as a promising biomarker used to predict the worse prognosis of cancer patients.
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Abstract
Viral infections lead to the death of more than a million people each year around the world, both directly and indirectly. Viruses interfere with many cell functions, particularly critical pathways for cell death, by affecting various intracellular mediators. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a major example of these mediators because they are involved in many (if not most) cellular mechanisms. Virus-regulated miRNAs have been implicated in three cell death pathways, namely, apoptosis, autophagy, and anoikis. Several molecules (e.g., BECN1 and B cell lymphoma 2 [BCL2] family members) are involved in both apoptosis and autophagy, while activation of anoikis leads to cell death similar to apoptosis. These mechanistic similarities suggest that common regulators, including some miRNAs (e.g., miR-21 and miR-192), are involved in different cell death pathways. Because the balance between cell proliferation and cell death is pivotal to the homeostasis of the human body, miRNAs that regulate cell death pathways have drawn much attention from researchers. miR-21 is regulated by several viruses and can affect both apoptosis and anoikis via modulating various targets, such as PDCD4, PTEN, interleukin (IL)-12, Maspin, and Fas-L. miR-34 can be downregulated by viral infection and has different effects on apoptosis, depending on the type of virus and/or host cell. The present review summarizes the existing knowledge on virus-regulated miRNAs involved in the modulation of cell death pathways. Understanding the mechanisms for virus-mediated regulation of cell death pathways could provide valuable information to improve the diagnosis and treatment of many viral diseases.
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Roldán Gallardo FF, Quintar AA. The pathological growth of the prostate gland in atherogenic contexts. Exp Gerontol 2021; 148:111304. [PMID: 33676974 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The human prostate is an androgen-dependent gland where an imbalance in cell proliferation can lead to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which results in voiding lower urinary tract symptoms in the elderly. In the last decades, novel evidence has suggested that BPH might represent an element into the wide spectrum of disorders conforming the Metabolic Syndrome (MS). The dyslipidemic state and the other atherogenic factors of the MS have been shown to induce, maintain and/or aggravate the pathological growth of different organs, with data regarding the prostate being still limited. We here review the available epidemiological and experimental studies about the association of BPH with dyslipidemias. In particular, we have focused on Oxidized Low-Density Lipoproteins (OxLDL) as a potential trigger for vascular disease and cellular proliferation in atherogenic contexts, analyzing their putative molecular mechanisms, including the induction of specific extracellular vesicles (EVs)-derived miRNAs. In addition to the epidemiological evidence, OxLDL is proposed to play a fundamental role in the upregulation of prostatic cell proliferation by activating the Rho/Akt/p27Kip1 pathway in atherogenic contexts. miR-21, miR-141, miR-143, miR-145, miR-155, and miR-221 would be involved in the transcription of genes related to the proliferative process. Although much remains to be investigated regarding the impact of OxLDL, its receptors, and molecular mechanisms on the prostate, it is clear that EVs and miRNAs represent a promising target for proliferative pathologies of the prostate gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco F Roldán Gallardo
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Amado A Quintar
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Córdoba, Argentina.
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Javed Z, Khan K, Rasheed A, Sadia H, Raza S, Salehi B, Cho WC, Sharifi-Rad J, Koch W, Kukula-Koch W, Głowniak-Lipa A, Helon P. MicroRNAs and Natural Compounds Mediated Regulation of TGF Signaling in Prostate Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:613464. [PMID: 33584291 PMCID: PMC7873640 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.613464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is with rising incidence in male population globally. It is a complex anomaly orchestrated by a plethora of cellular processes. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling is one of the key signaling pathways involved in the tumorigenesis of PCa. TGF-β signaling has a dual role in the PCa, making it difficult to find a suitable therapeutic option. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) mediated regulation of TGF-β signaling is responsible for the TGF-ß paradox. These are small molecules that modulate the expression of target genes and regulate cancer progression. Thus, miRNAs interaction with different signaling cascades is of great attention for devising new diagnostic and therapeutic options for PCa. Natural compounds have been extensively studied due to their high efficacy and low cytotoxicity. Here, we discuss the involvement of TGF-ß signaling in PCa with the interplay between miRNAs and TGF-β signaling and also review the role of natural compounds for the development of new therapeutics for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Rasheed
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Chair and Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Anna Głowniak-Lipa
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Paweł Helon
- Branch in Sandomierz, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Sandomierz, Poland
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Sun Y, Cao Z, Shan J, Gao Y, Liu X, Ma D, Li Z. Hsa_circ_0020095 Promotes Oncogenesis and Cisplatin Resistance in Colon Cancer by Sponging miR-487a-3p and Modulating SOX9. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:604869. [PMID: 33520987 PMCID: PMC7844065 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.604869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Colon cancer (CC) currently ranks as the third most common human cancer worldwide with an increasing incidence and a poor prognosis. Recently, circular RNAs have been reported to regulate the progression of diverse human cancers. However, the role of circRNA hsa_circ_0020095 in CC remains largely unclear. Methods Expression levels of the related circRNAs, microRNAs and mRNA in CC tissues and cells were determined. The impacts of circ_0020095 or miR-487a-3p on CC cells were examined at the indicated times after transfection. Meanwhile, a luciferase-reporter experiment was employed to validate the interplay between miR-487a-3p and circ_002009695 or SOX9. Moreover, the in vivo tumor growth assay was applied to further evaluate the effects of circ_0020095 knockdown on CC progression. Results We demonstrated that circ_0020095 was highly expressed in CC tissues and cells. The proliferation, migration, invasion, and cisplatin resistance of CC were suppressed by silencing circ_0020095 in vitro and in vivo or by ectopic expression of miR-487a-3p in vitro. Mechanistically, circ_0020095 could directly bind to miR-487a-3p and subsequently act as a miR-487a-3p sponge to modulate the activity by targeting the 3′-UTR of SOX9. Interestingly, overexpression of circ_0020095 dramatically reversed the suppressive effects of miR-487a-3p mimics on CC cells. Conclusion Circ_0020095 functions as an oncogene to accelerate CC cell proliferation, invasion, migration and cisplatin resistance through the miR-487a-3p/SOX9 axis, which could be a promising target for CC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlai Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Junqi Shan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Dejian Ma
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zengjun Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Nowak-Sliwinska
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Javed Z, Javed Iqbal M, Rasheed A, Sadia H, Raza S, Irshad A, Koch W, Kukula-Koch W, Głowniak-Lipa A, Cho WC, Sharifi-Rad J. Regulation of Hedgehog Signaling by miRNAs and Nanoformulations: A Possible Therapeutic Solution for Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 10:607607. [PMID: 33489917 PMCID: PMC7817854 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.607607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling aberrations trigger differentiation and proliferation in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the current approaches which inhibit this vital cellular pathway provoke some side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to look for new therapeutic options. MicroRNAs are small molecules that modulate expression of the target genes and can be utilized as a potential therapeutic option for CRC. On the other hand, nanoformulations have been implemented in the treatment of plethora of diseases. Owing to their excessive bioavailability, limited cytotoxicity and high specificity, nanoparticles may be considered as an alternative drug delivery platform for the Hh signaling mediated CRC. This article reviews the Hh signaling and its involvement in CRC with focus on miRNAs, nanoformulations as potential diagnostic/prognostic and therapeutics for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Javed Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Amna Rasheed
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asma Irshad
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Chair and Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Anna Głowniak-Lipa
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
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Chi Q, Xu H, Song D, Wang Z, Wang Z, Ma G. α-E-Catenin (CTNNA1) Inhibits Cell Proliferation, Invasion and EMT of Bladder Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:12747-12758. [PMID: 33364826 PMCID: PMC7751797 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s259269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Bladder cancer (BLCA) is an urogenital system tumor with a high morbidity. We aimed to explore the function and potential mechanism of α-E-catenin (CTNNA1) in BLCA. Methods The CTNNA1 expression in BLCA tissues was detected using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. QRT-PCR and Western blot were performed to measure the CTNNA1 expression in BLCA cell lines. CTNNA1 expression was up-regulated in T24 and UMUC-2 cells by CTNNA1 overexpression plasmid transfection. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were respectively assessed by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay and transwell assay. The expression levels of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related factors were tested by qRT-PCR and Western blot. BLCA nude mice models were constructed to explore the effects of CTNNA1 on BLCA in vivo. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was proceeded to identify the CTNNA1-related pathways in BLCA. Results The expressions of CTNNA1 were down-regulated in BLCA tissues and cell lines, and its low expression indicated poor prognosis of BLCA patients. CTNNA1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT and promoted cell apoptosis in BLCA cells. CTNNA1 enhanced E-cadherin expression and suppressed N-cadherin, snail, MMP2 and MMP9 expressions in BLCA cells, which suggested that CTNNA1 repressed EMT in BLCA cells. Moreover, CTNNA1 could inhibit tumor growth in vivo. CTNNA1 was positively associated with P53 and apoptosis pathways in BLCA cells. Conclusion CTNNA1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT and promoted cell apoptosis in BLCA via activating P53 and apoptosis pathways. CTNNA1 might be a novel target in BLCA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chi
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianbin Song
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zemin Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Ma
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde 067000, People's Republic of China
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Zhao J, Zhou K, Ma L, Zhang H. MicroRNA-145 overexpression inhibits neuroblastoma tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Bioengineered 2020; 11:219-228. [PMID: 32083506 PMCID: PMC7039631 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1729928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is responsible for 15% of all childhood cancer deaths. Despite advances in treatment and disease management, the overall 5-year survival rates remain poor in high-risk disease (25-40%). It is well known that miR-145 functions as a tumor suppressor in several types of cancer. However, the impact of miR-145 on NB is still ambiguous. Our aim was to investigate the potential tumor suppressive role and mechanisms of miR-145 in high-risk neuroblastoma. Expression levels of miR-145 in tissues and cells were determined using RT-qPCR. The effect of miR-145 on cell viability was evaluated using MTT assays, apoptosis levels were determined using TUNEL staining, and the MTDH protein expression was determined using western blot and RT-PCR. Luciferase reporter plasmids were constructed to confirm direct targeting for MTDH. The results showed that miR-145 expression was significantly lower in high-risk MYCN amplified (MNA) tumors and low miR-145 expression was associated with worse EFS and OS in our cohort. Over-expression of miR-145 reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis in SH-SY-5Y cells. We identified MTDH as a direct target for miR-145 in SH-SY-5Y cells. Targeting MTDH has the similar results as miR-145 overexpression. Our findings suggest that low miR-145 expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with NB, and the overexpression of miR-145 inhibited NB cells growth by down-regulating MTDH, thus providing a potential target for the development of microRNA-based approach for NB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Child Health Division, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Huanyu Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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40
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Layton E, Fairhurst AM, Griffiths-Jones S, Grencis RK, Roberts IS. Regulatory RNAs: A Universal Language for Inter-Domain Communication. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8919. [PMID: 33255483 PMCID: PMC7727864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, microRNAs (miRNAs) have roles in development, homeostasis, disease and the immune response. Recent work has shown that plant and mammalian miRNAs also mediate cross-kingdom and cross-domain communications. However, these studies remain controversial and are lacking critical mechanistic explanations. Bacteria do not produce miRNAs themselves, and therefore it is unclear how these eukaryotic RNA molecules could function in the bacterial recipient. In this review, we compare and contrast the biogenesis and functions of regulatory RNAs in eukaryotes and bacteria. As a result, we discovered several conserved features and homologous components in these distinct pathways. These findings enabled us to propose novel mechanisms to explain how eukaryotic miRNAs could function in bacteria. Further understanding in this area is necessary to validate the findings of existing studies and could facilitate the use of miRNAs as novel tools for the directed remodelling of the human microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Layton
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (E.L.); (S.G.-J.)
| | - Anna-Marie Fairhurst
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Singapore;
| | - Sam Griffiths-Jones
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (E.L.); (S.G.-J.)
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Richard K. Grencis
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (E.L.); (S.G.-J.)
| | - Ian S. Roberts
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (E.L.); (S.G.-J.)
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41
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Wang H. MicroRNA, Diabetes Mellitus and Colorectal Cancer. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120530. [PMID: 33255227 PMCID: PMC7760221 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrinological disorder that is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the body does not respond appropriately to insulin. There are many complications of DM such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and peripheral neuropathy. In addition to these complications, DM was reported to be associated with different cancers. In this review, we discuss the association between DM and colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide that mostly affects older people, however, its incidence and mortality are rising among young people. We discuss the relationship between DM and CRC based on their common microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers. miRNAs are non-coding RNAs playing important functions in cell differentiation, development, regulation of cell cycle, and apoptosis. miRNAs can inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in CRC cells. miRNAs also can improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Therefore, investigating the common miRNA biomarkers of both DM and CRC can shed a light on how these two diseases are correlated and more understanding of the link between these two diseases can help the prevention of both DM and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiuying Wang
- Institute of Statistics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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42
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Circulating non-coding RNA cluster predicted the tumorigenesis and development of colorectal carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:23047-23066. [PMID: 33234723 PMCID: PMC7746361 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is the most significant plasma biomarker in colorectal cancer (CRC), which is mainly used to diagnose and monitor the recurrence of CRC. However, due to the low sensitivity of CEA, it is more recommended for postoperative surveillance rather than early diagnosis. It is necessary to find efficient biomarkers for CRC. In this study, the expression of plasma non-coding RNAs was confirmed in three independent cohorts with total 1201 participants. First, 12 non-coding RNAs were screened from 9 plasma samples by using microarray. The expression of selected non-coding RNAs was further validated by multiphase detection and risk score analysis. We found that miR-20b-5p, miR-329-3p, miR-374b-5p, miR-503-5p, XLOC_001120 and ENSG00000243766.2 were significantly elevated in CRC plasma, and the AUC in training and validation set was 0.996 and 0.954, respectively. Moreover, miR-20b-5p, miR-329-3p and miR-503-5p were found elevated in plasma from larger tumors (5 cm as the cutoff) in CRC patients, and the merged AUC in training and validation set was 0.896 and 0.881. In conclusion, a panel of 6 non-coding RNAs showed their important clinical value for the early diagnosis of CRC. Among, miR-20b-5p, miR-329-3p and miR-503-5p might be the potential markers for evaluating larger tumor size of CRC.
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Hongkuan Z, Karsoon T, Shengkang L, Hongyu M, Huaiping Z. The functional roles of the non-coding RNAs in molluscs. Gene 2020; 768:145300. [PMID: 33207256 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review focus on the current knowledge of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in molluscs. In this review, we provide an overview of long ncRNAs (lncRNA), microRNAs (miRNA) and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNA), followed by evidence for the regulation of ncRNAs in variety of biological process in molluscs, including development, biomineralization and innate immune response. This review advances our understanding on the roles of ncRNAs in molluscs and suggest the future direction to fully understand the epigenetic regulatory network of molluscs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Hongkuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Tan Karsoon
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Li Shengkang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Ma Hongyu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zheng Huaiping
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; Mariculture Research Center for Subtropical Shellfish & Algae of Guangdong Province, Shantou 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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44
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Cao Y, Gao W, Tang H, Wang T, You C. Long Non-coding RNA TALNEC2 Aggravates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Acting as a Competing Endogenous RNAs for miR-650 to Target Apoptotic Peptidase Activating Factor 1. Neuroscience 2020; 458:64-76. [PMID: 33075457 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role for adjusting RNA transcripts as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) for microRNAs (miRNAs). The present study was intended to explore the probable regulation of lncRNA TALNEC2 in ischemic stroke. In this study, we measured the up-regulation of TALNEC2 and down-regulation of miR-650 in mice brains after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) operation and in cultured neuroblastoma cells of neuro-2A (N2a) treated with oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Then we verified the common predicted binding sites of miR-650 in TALNEC2 and 3'-UTR of apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 (APAF1), a critical regulator in ischemic neuronal death, with bioinformatics. Overexpression of miR-650 reduced N2a cell apoptosis induced by OGD/R. MiR-650 was confirmed to be a directly target of APAF1 by luciferase reporter assay. It was found that TALNEC2 played a critical role as a ceRNA for miR-650 and bound directly to miR-650 to mediate the APAF1. In result, overexpression of TALNEC2 antagonized the inhibition impact of miR-650 on APAF1 expression and N2a cell apoptosis induced by OGD/R, while TALNEC2 knockdown aggravated the impact. Furthermore, TALNEC2 knockdown reversed brain injury and neurological deficits induced by I/R in vivo. In conclusion, we verified a TALNEC2/miR-650/APAF1 signaling pathway as a key mechanism monitoring cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, PR China
| | - Weina Gao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, 363 Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 646000, PR China
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, PR China
| | - Tinghua Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, PR China
| | - Chao You
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, PR China.
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45
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Saberinia A, Alinezhad A, Jafari F, Soltany S, Akhavan Sigari R. Oncogenic miRNAs and target therapies in colorectal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 508:77-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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46
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Liu T, Meng J, Zhang Y. miR‑592 acts as an oncogene and promotes medullary thyroid cancer tumorigenesis by targeting cyclin‑dependent kinase 8. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3316-3326. [PMID: 32945439 PMCID: PMC7453674 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a relatively rare subtype of thyroid cancer, accounting for 5‑10% of all cases of thyroid cancer worldwide. Due to the current lack of knowledge regarding the tumorigenesis of MTC, the clinical treatment of MTC remains a challenge. It has been reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the progression of MTC; however, the regulatory network of miRNAs and the exact underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. In the present study, an miRNA expression profile (GSE40807), consisting of 80 samples, was downloaded and analyzed using Gene Expression Omnibus‑2R to identify differentially expressed miRNAs between MTC and normal samples. miR‑592 expression levels were significantly increased in MTC tissues and cell lines compared with normal tissues and cell lines. Patients with high miR‑592 expression levels exhibited a less favorable prognosis compared with patients with low miR‑592 expression. The results suggested that miR‑592 overexpression promoted TT and MZ‑CRC‑1 cell proliferation in vitro. In addition, miR‑592 negatively regulated cyclin‑dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) via targeted binding in MTC cells. Moreover, co‑transfection of CDK8 overexpression plasmid and miR‑592 mimic reversed miR‑592‑mediated MTC cell proliferation. In conclusion, miR‑592 may serve as an oncogene in MTC by decreasing the expression of CDK8, indicating that the miR‑592/CDK8 axis might serve as a promising therapeutic target for MTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Wuhan Central Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Meng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Wuhan Central Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Surgery II, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P.R. China
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47
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Wang H. MicroRNAs and Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155353. [PMID: 32731413 PMCID: PMC7432330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in the world, and its incidence is rising in developing countries. Treatment with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is known to improve survival in CRC patients. Most anti-cancer therapies trigger apoptosis induction to eliminate malignant cells. However, de-regulated apoptotic signaling allows cancer cells to escape this signaling, leading to therapeutic resistance. Treatment resistance is a major challenge in the development of effective therapies. The microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in CRC treatment resistance and CRC progression and apoptosis. This review discusses the role of miRNAs in contributing to the promotion or inhibition of apoptosis in CRC and the role of miRNAs in modulating treatment resistance in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiuying Wang
- Institute of Statistics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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48
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Otoukesh B, Abbasi M, Gorgani HOL, Farahini H, Moghtadaei M, Boddouhi B, Kaghazian P, Hosseinzadeh S, Alaee A. MicroRNAs signatures, bioinformatics analysis of miRNAs, miRNA mimics and antagonists, and miRNA therapeutics in osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:254. [PMID: 32565738 PMCID: PMC7302353 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) involved in key signaling pathways and aggressive phenotypes of osteosarcoma (OS) was discussed, including PI3K/AKT/MTOR, MTOR AND RAF-1 signaling, tumor suppressor P53- linked miRNAs, NOTCH- related miRNAs, miRNA -15/16 cluster, apoptosis related miRNAs, invasion-metastasis-related miRNAs, and 14Q32-associated miRNAs cluster. Herrin, we discussed insights into the targeted therapies including miRNAs (i.e., tumor-suppressive miRNAs and oncomiRNAs). Using bioinformatics tools, the interaction network of all OS-associated miRNAs and their targets was also depicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Otoukesh
- Orthopedic Surgery Fellowship in Département Hospitalo-Universitaire MAMUTH « Maladies musculo-squelettiques et innovations thérapeutiques » , Université Pierre et Marie-Curie, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Postal code : 1445613131 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Abbasi
- Brain Mapping Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib-O-Lah Gorgani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Postal code : 1445613131 Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Farahini
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Postal code : 1445613131 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moghtadaei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Postal code : 1445613131 Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Boddouhi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Postal code : 1445613131 Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Kaghazian
- Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shayan Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Atefe Alaee
- Department of Information Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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49
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Al-Mustanjid M, Mahmud SMH, Royel MRI, Rahman MH, Islam T, Rahman MR, Moni MA. Detection of molecular signatures and pathways shared in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer: A bioinformatics and systems biology approach. Genomics 2020; 112:3416-3426. [PMID: 32535071 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates IBD is a risk factor for the increasing incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. We used a system biology approach to identify common molecular signatures and pathways that interact between IBD and CRC and the indispensable pathological mechanisms. First, we identified 177 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IBD and CRC. Gene set enrichment, protein-protein, DEGs-transcription factors, DEGs-microRNAs, protein-drug interaction, gene-disease association, Gene Ontology, pathway enrichment analyses were conducted to these common genes. The inclusion of common DEGs with bimolecular networks disclosed hub proteins (LYN, PLCB1, NPSR1, WNT5A, CDC25B, CD44, RIPK2, ASAP1), transcription factors (SCD, SLC7A5, IKZF3, SLC16A1, SLC7A11) and miRNAs (mir-335-5p, mir-26b-5p, mir-124-3p, mir-16-5p, mir-192-5p, mir-548c-3p, mir-29b-3p, mir-155-5p, mir-21-5p, mir-15a-5p). Analysis of the interaction between protein and drug discovered ASAP1 interacts with cysteine sulfonic acid and double oxidized cysteine drug compounds. Gene-disease association analysis retrieved ASAP1 also associated with pulmonary and bladder neoplasm diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Al-Mustanjid
- Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - S M Hasan Mahmud
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
| | - Md Rejaul Islam Royel
- Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Information and Communication Technology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Tania Islam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rezanur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biomedical Science, Khwaja Yunus Ali, University, Enayetpur, Sirajganj 6751, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- WHO Collaborating Centre on eHealth, UNSW Digital Health, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Australia.
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50
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Meiri E, Volinsky N, Dromi N, Kredo-Russo S, Benjamin H, Tabak S, Marmor H, Motin M, Lebanony D, Lithwick-Yanai G, Kadosh E, Kreader C, Grosman-Rimon L, Amir O. Differential expression of microRNA in serum fractions and association of Argonaute 1 microRNAs with heart failure. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6586-6595. [PMID: 32400052 PMCID: PMC7299714 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The serum or plasma microRNA (miRNA) molecules have been suggested as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, in various pathological conditions. However, these molecules are also found in different serum fractions, such as exosomes and Argonaute (Ago) protein complexes. Ago1 is the predominant Ago protein expressed in heart tissue. The objective of the study was to examine the hypothesis that Ago1‐associated miRNAs may be more relevant to cardiac disease and heart failure compared with the serum. In total, 84 miRNA molecules were screened for their expression in the whole serum, exosomes and Ago1, and Ago2 complexes. Ago1‐bound miR‐222‐3p, miR‐497‐5p and miR‐21‐5p were significantly higher, and let‐7a‐5p was significantly lower in HF patients compared with healthy controls, whereas no such difference was observed for those markers in the serum samples among the groups. A combination of these 4 miRNAs into an Ago1‐HF score provided a ROC curve with an AUC of 1, demonstrating clear discrimination between heart failure patients and healthy individuals. Ago1 fraction might be a better and more specific platform for identifying HF‐related miRNAs compared with the whole serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eti Meiri
- Rosetta Genomics Ltd, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Natalia Volinsky
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Nir Dromi
- Rosetta Genomics Ltd, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Liza Grosman-Rimon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Offer Amir
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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