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Ding Q, Zhou Y, Yu S, Cui X, Wang X, Li X. Familial genetic and environmental transmission of depression: A multi-informant twin family study. Psych J 2024. [PMID: 38618755 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The phenomenon of familial clustering in depression is well established, yet the mechanisms by which depression is transmitted within families remain poorly understood. In the current study, we investigate the familial genetic and environmental transmission of depression by incorporating data from both adolescent twins and their parents. A total of 987 twin families were recruited from the Beijing Twin Study. Depression assessments were conducted for both adolescents and their parents. Twins' depression was assessed through reports from both the twins themselves and their parents, while parental depression was assessed by parental self-report. We employed a nuclear twin family model to examine genetic and environmental influences on adolescent depression. Our results, based on both self- and parent-report, demonstrate significant additive and dominant genetic influences on depression. We also found mild yet significant sibling environmental influences, while familial environmental influences were absent. Notably, parent-reported depression showed higher heritability but lower unique environmental influences compared with self-reported depression. These results highlight the important role of genetic transmission and sibling environmental transmission in explaining depression. Our study delineates the underlying mechanism of familial transmission in depression and can inform early treatments to halt transmission during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yueyue Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shuting Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobing Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Elovainio M, Komulainen K, Hakulinen C, Pahkala K, Rovio S, Hutri N, Raitakari OT, Pulkki-Råback L. Intergenerational continuity of loneliness and potential mechanisms: Young Finns Multigenerational Study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5465. [PMID: 38443584 PMCID: PMC10915156 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence on the intergenerational continuity of loneliness and on potential mechanisms that connect loneliness across successive generations is limited. We examined the association between loneliness of (G0) parents (859 mothers and 570 fathers, mean age 74 years) and their children (G1) (433 sons and 558 daughters, mean age 47 years) producing 991 parent-offspring pairs and tested whether these associations were mediated through subjective socioeconomic position, temperament characteristics, cognitive performance, and depressive symptoms. Mean loneliness across parents had an independent effect on their adult children's experienced loneliness (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.23-2.42). We also found a robust effect of mothers' (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.17-2.29), but not of fathers' loneliness (OR = 1.47, 95% CI 0.96-2.25) on offspring's experienced loneliness in adulthood. The associations were partly mediated by offspring depressive (41-54%) and anxiety (29-31%) symptoms. The current findings emphasize the high interdependence of loneliness within families mediated partly by offspring's mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Elovainio
- Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine (Department of Psychology), University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O.Box 63, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Kaisla Komulainen
- Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine (Department of Psychology), University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O.Box 63, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christian Hakulinen
- Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine (Department of Psychology), University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O.Box 63, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katja Pahkala
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Suvi Rovio
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Nina Hutri
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Pulkki-Råback
- Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine (Department of Psychology), University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, P.O.Box 63, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
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Chen C, Chen Y, Song Y. Reciprocal relationship between interpersonal communication and depressive symptoms and the mediating role of resilience across two years: Three-wave cross-lagged panel model. J Affect Disord 2023; 334:358-369. [PMID: 37156270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression among children has been a growing public health concern. It is generally recognized that individuals with depression are likely to have interpersonal malfunctioning. However, there remains a limited scientific understanding of the reciprocal relationship between interpersonal communication and depressive symptoms among rural Chinese children in a longitudinal approach. METHODS Therefore, guided by the interpersonal model of depression and the developmental cascade model, the present study conducted a cross-lagged panel analysis study to explore the bidirectional relationship between interpersonal communication and depressive symptoms across three waves among 2188 elementary school students in rural areas of one county of Gansu Province, China. We also examined the mediating effect of resilience and sex differences of the models. RESULTS Our results showed that depressive symptoms negatively predicted interpersonal communication from T1 to T2 and T2 to T3. Interpersonal communication negatively predicted depressive symptoms from T1 to T2, but not T2 to T3. Furthermore, resilience showed significant partial mediating effects in the reciprocal relationship between interpersonal communication and depressive symptoms. In terms of sex differences, the significant relationship between depressive symptoms at T1 and interpersonal communication at T2 was found to be significant among male students and marginally significant among female students. The full mediating effect of resilience at T1 was found only among male students, whereas resilience at T2 functioned as a full mediator between depressive symptoms at T2 and interpersonal communication at T3 only among female students. LIMITATIONS First, the present sample consisted of only third and fourth grade (i.e., in T1) students from one county in rural China. Second, the present study examined depressive symptoms instead of depression as a clinical diagnosis. Third, the third wave of the data was collected during COVID-19. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic could unexpectedly pose on child mental health. CONCLUSIONS The finding underlined the importance of providing comprehensive depression prevention and intervention from fostering children's inner resilience and promoting their ability to navigate interpersonal resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chen
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuran Chen
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingquan Song
- China Institute for Educational Finance Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Triantafyllou P, Nas Z, Zavos HMS, Sumathipala A, Jayaweera K, Siribaddana SH, Hotopf M, Ritchie SJ, Rijsdijk FV. The aetiological relationship between depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life: A population-based twin study in Sri Lanka. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265421. [PMID: 35353839 PMCID: PMC8967029 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Depression often co-occurs with poor health-related quality of life (HRQL). Twin studies report genetic and individual-level environmental underpinnings in the aetiology of both depression and HRQL, but there is limited twin research exploring this association further. There is also little evidence on sex differences and non-Western populations are underrepresented. In this paper we explored the phenotypic and aetiological relationship between depressive symptoms and HRQL and possible sex differences in a low-middle-income Sri Lankan population. Method Data for 3,948 participants came from the Colombo Twin and Singleton Follow-up Study (CoTaSS-2). Using self-report measures of depressive symptoms and HRQL, we conducted univariate and bivariate sex-limitation twin analyses. Results Depressive symptoms showed moderate genetic (33%) and strong nonshared environmental influences (67%). Nonshared environment accounted for the majority of variance in all the subscales of HRQL (ranging from 68 to 93%), alongside small genetic influences (ranging from 0 to 23%) and shared environmental influences (ranging from 0 to 28%). Genetic influences were significant for emotional wellbeing (23%). Shared environmental influences were significant for four out of the eight HRQL variables (ranging from 22–28%), and they were more prominent in females than males. Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with lower HRQL scores. These correlations were mostly explained by overlapping nonshared environmental effects. For traits related to emotional functioning, we also detected substantial overlapping genetic influences with depressive symptoms. Conclusions Our study confirmed previous findings of a negative association between depressive symptoms and HRQL. However, some of the aetiological factors of HRQL differed from Western studies, particularly regarding the effects of shared environment. Our findings highlight the importance of cross-cultural research in understanding associations between psychological wellbeing and HRQL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Triantafyllou
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Zeynep Nas
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helena M. S. Zavos
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Athula Sumathipala
- Institute for Research and Development, Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sisira H. Siribaddana
- Faculty of Medicine & Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Matthew Hotopf
- Psychological Medicine Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart J. Ritchie
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frühling V. Rijsdijk
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Psychology Department, Faculty of Social Sciences, Anton de Kom University, Paramaribo, Suriname
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Chen SS, He Y, Xie GD, Chen LR, Zhang TT, Yuan MY, Li YH, Chang JJ, Su PY. Relationships among adverse childhood experience patterns, psychological resilience, self-esteem and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents: A serial multiple mediation model. Prev Med 2022; 154:106902. [PMID: 34863811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adolescent depression are both prevalent social problems that can increase the risk of several negative health consequences throughout life. The original definition of ACEs misdirects the focus of intervention efforts for ACEs to only family dysfunction and parenting practices. We used a broader definition of ACEs and a latent class analysis (LCA) model to examine ACE patterns, aiming to overcome the shortcomings of cumulative and single adversity approaches based on the special social context of China. The data were derived from a middle school in Huaibei City of Anhui Province in 2019 and 2020, which was a prospective study involving 1687 junior high school students. At the initial evaluation (T1), ACEs, psychological resilience, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms were assessed by the students. At Time 2 (T2), the depressive symptoms of students were assessed. LCA and mediation analyses were conducted with Mplus version 8.2. The LCA identified the following three heterogeneous ACE classes: "low adversity" (36.4%), "moderate adversity" (44.2%), and "high adversity" (19.4%). The mediation analysis showed that the ACE patterns affected depressive symptoms through the following two mediation paths only in the moderate but not in the high adversity class: self-esteem alone and a path combining psychological resilience and self-esteem. Psychological resilience separately did not mediate the association between ACE patterns and depressive symptoms. To reduce depressive symptoms, interventions for students with ACEs need to improve self-esteem through many channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Chen
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Guo-Die Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Li-Ru Chen
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Yuan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yong-Han Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jun-Jie Chang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Pu-Yu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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6
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Lee E, Kim KY. The Association between Secondhand Smoke and Stress, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9010039. [PMID: 33406772 PMCID: PMC7824241 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Secondhand smoke (SHS) is an important risk factor for adolescents’ health. Several studies have reported that SHS is as dangerous as active smoking. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between exposure to SHS and mental health, including stress, depression, and suicidal ideation, in adolescents. Methods: Using raw data from the 2018 14th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey, we analyzed the effects of sociodemographic characteristics on stress, depression, suicidal ideation in 51,500 students, including 85.8% of all sampled students (n = 60,040), after excluding students with a history of smoking, and then we performed logistic regression analysis to determine the level of exposure to SHS and its impact on stress, depression, and suicidal ideation. Results: The increased level of exposure to SHS was positively associated with stress, depression, and suicidal ideation. Furthermore, stress, depression, and suicidal ideation increased as the level of SHS increased, after adjusting for variables such as age, gender, education level of the father and mother, school achievement, economic status, inhabitation, and drinking. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that SHS is positively associated with risk of mental health problems, including stress, depression, and suicidal ideation, in adolescents. Further research and policy strategies and systems to prevent and manage exposure to SHS in adolescents are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunmi Lee
- Department of Nursing, Research Institute for Basic Science, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
| | - Ka Young Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Zhou Z, Shek DT, Zhu X, Dou D. Positive Youth Development and Adolescent Depression: A Longitudinal Study Based on Mainland Chinese High School Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E4457. [PMID: 32575856 PMCID: PMC7344806 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There are several limitations of the scientific literature on the linkage between positive youth development (PYD) attributes and adolescent psychological morbidity. First, longitudinal studies in the field are limited. Second, few studies have used validated PYD measures to explore the related issues. Third, few studies have used large samples. Fourth, limited studies have been conducted in mainland China. In this study, we conducted a longitudinal study using two waves of data collected from 2648 junior high school students in mainland China. In each wave, participants responded to a validated PYD scale (Chinese Positive Youth Development Scale: CPYDS) and other measures of well-being, including the 20-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). After controlling for the background demographic variables, different measures of CPYDS (cognitive-behavioral competence, prosocial attributes, general positive youth development qualities, positive identity, and overall PYD qualities) were negatively associated with CES-D scores in Wave 1 and Wave 2. Longitudinal analyses also revealed that PYD measures in Wave 1 negatively predicted Wave 2 depression scores and the changes over time. The present findings highlight the protective role of PYD attributes in protecting adolescents from depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Research Institute of Social Development, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Daniel T.L. Shek
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (X.Z.); (D.D.)
| | - Xiaoqin Zhu
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (X.Z.); (D.D.)
| | - Diya Dou
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (X.Z.); (D.D.)
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Takahashi Y, Pingault JB, Yamagata S, Ando J. Phenotypic and aetiological architecture of depressive symptoms in a Japanese twin sample. Psychol Med 2020; 50:1381-1389. [PMID: 31179952 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719001326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phenotypic and aetiological architecture of depression symptomatology has been mostly studied in Western samples. In this study, we conducted a genetically informed factor analysis to elucidate both the phenotypic and aetiological architectures of self-reported depression among a Japanese adult twin sample. METHODS Depressive symptoms assessed by Zung's Self-rating Depression Scale were self-rated by 425 twin pairs (301 monozygotic and 124 dizygotic twin pairs) in a community sample in Japan. RESULTS An exploratory factor analysis extracted three symptom domains representing cognitive, affective and somatic symptomatology. A confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that a bi-factor solution fitted better than the alternative solutions, implying that depression may be defined as a combination of a single general construct and three factors specific to each of the three symptom domains. A multivariate genetic analysis with the bi-factor solution showed that the general factor was substantially heritable (47%), and that only the affective symptom domain was significantly heritable (29%) among the three specific factors, their remaining variance being explained by non-shared environmental influences. CONCLUSIONS Depression symptomatology appears to be adequately captured by a substantially heritable general factor. The heritability of this factor (47%) in a Japanese adult sample is in line with commonly reported heritability estimates for depression. The three specific factors - cognitive, affective and somatic - are mostly explained by non-shared environmental factors, which include measurement error. The extent to which these specific factors are uniquely associated with correlates of depression when the general factor is accounted for should be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takahashi
- The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research and Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jean-Baptiste Pingault
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Shinji Yamagata
- Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Juko Ando
- Faculty of Letters, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
AbstractThe Beijing Twin Study (BeTwiSt), which was established in 2006, is an ongoing study aiming to investigate the genetic and environmental etiology of adolescent psychopathology. Resting-state brain imaging datasets have been examined for same-sex twins, and other psychological traits and emotional and behavioral variables have been examined for all twins. Based on the registry, the main findings regarding the etiological mechanism underlying adolescent development, magnetic resonance imaging results, and genetic and environmental influences on other psychological traits have been published. This article summarizes the key findings in these three areas and discusses future plans for the BeTwiSt.
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Zhang J, Hu H, Hennessy D, Zhao S, Zhang Y. Digital media and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01554. [PMID: 31193045 PMCID: PMC6514493 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the association between new digital media and depressive symptoms in a representative Chinese adolescent sample. An existing national data source was used, that surveyed 16,205 Chinese adolescents in 2013–2014. Adolescents who spent more time on screen activities or less time on non-screen activities were significantly more likely to have depressive symptoms. New digital media had a greater association on girls than boys regarding depression. The association of new digital media on depression also showed a decreased trend across economic regions with the lower economically developed western area showing the greatest link between digital media and depression, although this association was still significant in all economic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, China.,State University of New York Buffalo State, 1300 Elmwood Avenue, Buffalo, New York, 14222, USA
| | - Hang Hu
- Central University of Finance and Economics School of Social and Psychology, 39 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Dwight Hennessy
- State University of New York Buffalo State, 1300 Elmwood Avenue, Buffalo, New York, 14222, USA
| | - Sibo Zhao
- Central University of Finance and Economics School of Social and Psychology, 39 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Central University of Finance and Economics School of Social and Psychology, 39 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China
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Deng Q, Deng L, Lu C, Li Y, Norbäck D. Parental stress and air pollution increase childhood asthma in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 165:23-31. [PMID: 29655040 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although air pollution and social stress may independently increase childhood asthma, little is known on their synergistic effect on asthma, particularly in China with high levels of stress and air pollution. OBJECTIVES To examine associations between exposure to a combination of parental stress and air pollution and asthma prevalence in children. METHODS We conducted a cohort study of 2406 preschool children in Changsha (2011-2012). A questionnaire was used to collect children's lifetime prevalence of asthma and their parental stress. Parental socioeconomic and psychosocial stresses were respectively defined in terms of housing size and difficulty concentrating. Children's exposure to ambient air pollutants was estimated using concentrations measured at monitoring stations. Associations between exposure to parental stress and air pollution and childhood asthma were estimated by multiple logistic regression models using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Life time prevalence of asthma in preschool children (6.7%) was significantly associated with parental socioeconomic and psychosocial stresses with OR (95% CI) respectively 1.48 (1.02-2.16) and 1.64 (1.00-2.71). Asthma was also associated with exposure to air pollutants, with adjusted OR (95% CI) during prenatal and postnatal periods respectively 1.43 (1.10-1.86) and 1.35 (1.02-1.79) for SO2 and 1.61 (1.19-2.18) and 1.76 (1.19-2.61) for NO2. The association with air pollution was significant only in children exposed to high parental stress, the association with parental stress was significant only in children exposed to high air pollution, and the association was the strongest in children exposed to a combination of parental stress and air pollution. Sensitivity analysis showed that the synergistic effects of parental stress and air pollution on childhood asthma were stronger in boys. CONCLUSIONS Parental stress and air pollution were synergistically associated with increased childhood asthma, indicating a common biological effect of parental stress and air pollution during both prenatal and postnatal periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihong Deng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Linjing Deng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chan Lu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuguo Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan Norbäck
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Medical Sciences/Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Chen TJ, Ji CY, Wang SS, Lichtenstein P, Larsson H, Chang Z. Genetic and environmental influences on the relationship between ADHD symptoms and internalizing problems: A Chinese twin study. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171:931-7. [PMID: 26710920 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Several twin studies have investigated the overlap between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and externalizing problems; however, limited information is known regarding the genetic and environmental contribution to the overlap between ADHD and internalizing problems. This study examined the genetic and environmental influences on the variation in and covariation between ADHD symptoms and internalizing problems by using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). We investigated 1,316 child and adolescent twins, including 780 monozygotic twins and 536 dizygotic twins, aged 6 years to 18 years from the Chinese Child and Adolescent Twin Registry. ADHD symptoms and internalizing problems were quantified through parent rating by using the Attention Problems Scale and other three scales, which include Anxious/Depressed, Withdrawn, and Somatic Complaints of CBCL. Genetic and environmental susceptibilities common to ADHD symptoms and internalizing problems were examined through bivariate twin modeling. Results showed that genetic factors substantially influenced the ADHD symptoms with a heritability of 72%. Modest genetic influences and substantial shared environmental influences (20-77%) were observed in the three internalizing problem scales. Common genetic and shared environmental influences were essential for the overlap between ADHD and the three internalizing problems respectively. Approximately one-fifth of the genetic variance of ADHD symptoms was shared with anxiety/depression. In conclusion, substantial genetic and shared environmental influences on ADHD symptoms and internalizing problems were observed in Chinese children and adolescents. Our finding supports a common etiology between ADHD and internalizing problems. This finding can also help explain the co-existence of these behavior problems. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Jiao Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Ye Ji
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Shang-Shang Wang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Larsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zheng Chang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Zheng Y, Rijsdijk F, Pingault JB, McMahon RJ, Unger JB. Developmental changes in genetic and environmental influences on Chinese child and adolescent anxiety and depression. Psychol Med 2016; 46:1829-1838. [PMID: 27019009 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716000313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twin and family studies using Western samples have established that child and adolescent anxiety and depression are under substantial genetic, modest shared environmental, and substantial non-shared environmental influences. Generalizability of these findings to non-Western societies remains largely unknown, particularly regarding the changes of genetic and environmental influences with age. The current study examined changes in genetic and environmental influences on self-reported anxiety and depression from late childhood to mid-adolescence among a Chinese twin sample. Sex differences were also examined. METHOD Self-reported anxiety and depression were collected from 712 10- to 12-year-old Chinese twins (mean = 10.88 years, 49% males) and again 3 years later. Quantitative genetic modeling was used to examine developmental changes in genetic and environmental influences on anxiety and depression, and sex differences. RESULTS Heritability of anxiety and depression in late childhood (23 and 20%) decreased to negligible in mid-adolescence, while shared environmental influences increased (20 and 27% to 57 and 60%). Shared environmental factors explained most of the continuity of anxiety and depression (75 and 77%). Non-shared environmental factors were largely time-specific. No sex differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS Shared environmental influences might be more pronounced during the transition period of adolescence in non-Western societies such as China. Future research should examine similarities and differences in the genetic and environmental etiologies of child and adolescent internalizing and other psychopathology in development between Western and non-Western societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zheng
- Department of Psychology,Simon Fraser University,Burnaby,BC,Canada
| | - F Rijsdijk
- MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London,De Crespigny Park,London,UK
| | - J-B Pingault
- MRC Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London,De Crespigny Park,London,UK
| | - R J McMahon
- Department of Psychology,Simon Fraser University,Burnaby,BC,Canada
| | - J B Unger
- Department of Preventive Medicine,University of Southern California,Los Angeles,CA,USA
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14
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Fortes LDS, Filgueiras JF, Ferreira MEC. Risk behaviors for eating disorders and depressive symptoms: a study of female adolescents in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2014; 30:2443-2450. [PMID: 25493997 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00192913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between depressive symptoms and eating disorders in female adolescents. The sample included 371 girls ranging from 12 to 16 years of age in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The study used the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and Major Depression Inventory (MDI) to evaluate eating disorders and depressive symptoms, respectively. The linear regression model showed that 18% of the EAT-26 scores were influenced by MDI (F(1, 370) = 14.18; p = 0.001). Moreover, the findings indicated a statistically significant association between depressive symptoms and eating disorders (χ2 = 14.71; Wald = 12.90; p = 0.001). The authors concluded that depressive symptoms were related to eating disorders in female adolescents. Thus, girls with some level of depression showed a greater tendency to adopt disordered eating as a daily habit.
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15
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Guo H, Yang W, Cao Y, Li J, Siegrist J. Effort-reward imbalance at school and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents: the role of family socioeconomic status. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:6085-98. [PMID: 24919130 PMCID: PMC4078567 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110606085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a major mental health problem during adolescence. This study, using a sample of Chinese adolescents, examined the separate and combined effects of perceived school-related stress and of family socioeconomic status (SES) on the prevalence of depressive symptoms. A total of 1774 Chinese students from Grades 7–12 were recruited into our questionnaire survey. School-related stress was measured by the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire-School Version, family SES was assessed by a standardized question, and depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children. Multivariate logistic regression was applied, adjusting for age, gender, grade, smoking, alcohol drinking and physical activity. It was found that high school-related stress and low family SES were associated with elevated odds of depressive symptoms, respectively. The effect of school-related stress was particularly strong in low SES group. In adolescents with both high stress at school and low SES, the odds ratio was 9.18 (95% confidence interval = 6.53–12.89) compared to the reference group (low stress at school and high SES). A significant synergistic interaction effect was observed (synergy index = 2.28, 95% confidence interval = 1.56–3.32). The findings indicated that perceived school-related stress, in terms of effort-reward imbalance, was related to depressive symptoms in this sample of Chinese adolescents. The strong interaction with family SES suggests that health promoting efforts in school settings should be targeted specifically at these socially deprived groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Wenjie Yang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Ying Cao
- First High School of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.
| | - Johannes Siegrist
- Senior Professorship on Work Stress Research, Life-Science Centre, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany.
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