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Reyes A, Ortiz G, Duarte LF, Fernández C, Hernández-Armengol R, Palacios PA, Prado Y, Andrade CA, Rodriguez-Guilarte L, Kalergis AM, Simon F, Carreño LJ, Riedel CA, Cáceres M, González PA. Contribution of viral and bacterial infections to senescence and immunosenescence. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1229098. [PMID: 37753486 PMCID: PMC10518457 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1229098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a key biological process characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest. The accumulation of senescent cells creates a pro-inflammatory environment that can negatively affect tissue functions and may promote the development of aging-related diseases. Typical biomarkers related to senescence include senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, histone H2A.X phosphorylation at serine139 (γH2A.X), and senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) with heterochromatin protein 1γ (HP-1γ protein) Moreover, immune cells undergoing senescence, which is known as immunosenescence, can affect innate and adaptative immune functions and may elicit detrimental effects over the host's susceptibility to infectious diseases. Although associations between senescence and pathogens have been reported, clear links between both, and the related molecular mechanisms involved remain to be determined. Furthermore, it remains to be determined whether infections effectively induce senescence, the impact of senescence and immunosenescence over infections, or if both events coincidently share common molecular markers, such as γH2A.X and p53. Here, we review and discuss the most recent reports that describe cellular hallmarks and biomarkers related to senescence in immune and non-immune cells in the context of infections, seeking to better understand their relationships. Related literature was searched in Pubmed and Google Scholar databases with search terms related to the sections and subsections of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Reyes
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerardo Ortiz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luisa F. Duarte
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Fernández
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago, Chile
| | - Rosario Hernández-Armengol
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A. Palacios
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yolanda Prado
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina A. Andrade
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Linmar Rodriguez-Guilarte
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leandro J. Carreño
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia A. Riedel
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mónica Cáceres
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A. González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Chiu CC, Cheng KC, Lin YH, He CX, Bow YD, Li CY, Wu CY, Wang HMD, Sheu SJ. Prolonged Exposure to High Glucose Induces Premature Senescence Through Oxidative Stress and Autophagy in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2023; 71:21. [PMID: 37638991 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-023-00686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia involves persistent high-glucose exposure and correlates with retinal degeneration. It causes various diseases, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major cause of adult vision loss. Most in vitro studies have investigated the damaging short-term effects of high glucose exposure on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. DR is also a severe complication of diabetes. In this study, we established a model with prolonged high-glucose exposure (15 and 75 mM exogenous glucose for two months) to mimic RPE tissue pathophysiology in patients with hyperglycemia. Prolonged high-glucose exposure attenuated glucose uptake and clonogenicity in ARPE-19 cells. It also significantly increased reactive oxygen species levels and decreased antioxidant protein (superoxide dismutase 2) levels in RPE cells, possibly causing oxidative stress and DNA damage and impairing proliferation. Western blotting showed that autophagic stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and genotoxic stress were induced by prolonged high-glucose exposure in RPE cells. Despite a moderate apoptotic cell population detected using the Annexin V-staining assay, the increases in the senescence-associated proteins p53 and p21 and SA-β-gal-positive cells suggest that prolonged high-glucose exposure dominantly sensitized RPE cells to premature senescence. Comprehensive next-generation sequencing suggested that upregulation of oxidative stress and DNA damage-associated pathways contributed to stress-induced premature senescence of ARPE-19 cells. Our findings elucidate the pathophysiology of hyperglycemia-associated retinal diseases and should benefit the future development of preventive drugs. Prolonged high-glucose exposure downregulates glucose uptake and oxidative stress by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through regulation of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression. Autophagic stress, ER stress, and DNA damage stress (genotoxic stress) are also induced by prolonged high-glucose exposure in RPE cells. Consequently, multiple stresses induce the upregulation of the senescence-associated proteins p53 and p21. Although both apoptosis and premature senescence contribute to high glucose exposure-induced anti-proliferation of RPE cells, the present work shows that premature senescence rather than apoptosis is the dominant cause of RPE degeneration, eventually leading to the pathogenesis of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chun Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiung Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Xi He
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ding Bow
- Ph.D. Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Jiuan Sheu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
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Pop R, Tăbăran AF, Ungur AP, Negoescu A, Cătoi C. Helicobacter Pylori-Induced Gastric Infections: From Pathogenesis to Novel Therapeutic Approaches Using Silver Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071463. [PMID: 35890358 PMCID: PMC9318142 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is the first formally recognized bacterial carcinogen and the most important single digestive pathogen responsible for the induction of gastroduodenal diseases such as gastritis, peptic ulcer, and, finally, gastric neoplasia. The recently reported high rates of antimicrobial drug resistance hamper the current therapies of H. pylori, with therapeutic failure reaching up to 40% of patients. In this context, new treatment options and strategies are urgently needed, but the successful development of these new therapeutic tools is conditioned by the understanding of the high adaptability of H. pylori to the gastric acidic environment and the complex pathogenic mechanism. Due to several advantages, including good antibacterial efficiency, possible targeted delivery, and long tissular persistence, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) offer the opportunity of exploring new strategies to improve the H. pylori therapy. A new paradigm in the therapy of H. pylori gastric infections using AgNPs has the potential to overcome the current medical limitations imposed by the H. pylori drug resistance, which is reported for most of the current organic antibiotics employed in the classical therapies. This manuscript provides an extensive overview of the pathology of H. pylori-induced gastritis, gastric cancer, and extradigestive diseases and highlights the possible benefits and limitations of employing AgNPs in the therapeutic strategies against H. pylori infections.
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Intelligent Algorithm-Based Gastrointestinal X-Ray Examination in Evaluating the Therapeutic Effect of Probiotics Combined with Triple Therapy on Children with Helicobacter Infection. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:8464361. [PMID: 35414799 PMCID: PMC8977303 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8464361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, gastrointestinal X-ray imaging was processed based on the Ncut algorithm, the gastric signs of the children after probiotics combined with triple therapy were examined, the therapeutic effect of probiotics combined with triple therapy was evaluated, and the correlation between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and gastric disease was analyzed. The included children were randomly divided into group A (treated with standard triple therapy) and group B (pretreated with probiotics on the basis of the treatment method of group A) with 48 cases in each group. The gastrointestinal angiography results of children were observed. The accuracy of the gastrointestinal angiography based on intelligent algorithms was evaluated by taking the results of the urea breath test (UBT) as the gold standard. The results were as follows: first, gastrointestinal X-ray imaging before and after treatment showed that the recovery of the gastric body and gastric antral mucosa for children in group B was better than that of group A (P < 0.05); second, the incidence of gastrointestinal diseases in HP-positive patients was 78% and the incidence of HP-negative patients was 32%; third, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of gastrointestinal X-ray imaging based on intelligent algorithm were 76.47%, 93.67%, and 90.63%, respectively. After treatment, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in group B were much lower than those in group A (P < 0.05), and the incidence of adverse reactions in group B was lower than that in group A (P < 0.05). In summary, gastrointestinal X-ray imaging based on intelligent algorithm had a reliable reference value for the judgment of gastrointestinal HP infection and probiotics combined with triple therapy was more effective for HP infection, which was worthy of clinical application.
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Guo Y, Xu C, Gong R, Hu T, Zhang X, Xie X, Chi J, Li H, Xia X, Liu X. Exosomal CagA from Helicobacter pylori aggravates intestinal epithelium barrier dysfunction in chronic colitis by facilitating Claudin-2 expression. Gut Pathog 2022; 14:13. [PMID: 35331316 PMCID: PMC8944046 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-022-00486-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), especially cytotoxin-associated gene A-positive (CagA+) strains, has been associated with various extragastric disorders. Evaluating the potential impacts of virulence factor CagA on intestine may provide a better understanding of H. pylori pathogenesis such as colitis. The intestinal mucosal barrier is essential for maintaining its integrity and functions. However, how persistent CagA+ H. pylori colonization influences barrier disruption and thereby affects chronic colitis is not fully understood. RESULTS Chronic colitis models of CagA+ H. pylori-colonized mice treated with 2% Dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) were established to assess the disease activity and pertinent expression of tight junction proteins closely related to mucosal integrity. The aggravating effect of CagA+ H. pylori infection on DSS-induced chronic colitis was confirmed in mouse models. In addition, augmented Claudin-2 expression was detected in CagA+ H. pylori infection conditions and selected for mechanistic analysis. Next, GES-1 human gastric epithelial cells were cultured with CagA+ H. pylori or a recombinant CagA protein, and exosomes isolated from conditioned media were then identified. We assessed the Claudin-2 levels after exposure to CagA+ exosomes, CagA- exosomes, and IFN-γ incubation, revealing that CagA+ H. pylori compromised the colonic mucosal barrier and facilitated IFN-γ-induced intestinal epithelial destruction through CagA-containing exosome-mediated mechanisms. Specifically, CagA upregulated Claudin-2 expression at the transcriptional level via a CDX2-dependent mechanism to slow the restoration of wounded mucosa in colitis in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that exosomes containing CagA facilitate CDX2-dependent Claudin-2 maintenance. The exosome-dependent mechanisms of CagA+ H. pylori infection are indispensable for damaging the mucosal barrier integrity in chronic colitis, which may provide a new idea for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Canxia Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Renjie Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Tingzi Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xiaoran Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jingshu Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xiujuan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Changsha, 410013, China.
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Steffens E, Zeidan H, Weisshaar E. [Pitfalls in occupational dermatology]. Hautarzt 2021; 72:502-508. [PMID: 33948675 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-021-04824-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Occupational dermatology has become a vibrant and interesting specialty, particularly in recent years. This includes more than hand eczema (HE). The increasing prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) has led to an increase of atopic hand eczema which can be worsened in certain occupations. New systemic therapies have improved the range of treatments for HE. The current guideline on hand eczema includes a variety of topical and systemic therapies. Nevertheless, in daily occupational dermatological practice, there are still chronic cases, especially vesicular hand eczema. They can often not be assigned to a clear cause, which is often a problem for those who are affected. In addition, co-factors such as chronic infectious comorbidities and psychological factors/illnesses must be considered. We present challenges in occupational dermatology by reporting special cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Steffens
- Berufsdermatologie, Hautklinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Voßstr. 2, 69115, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
| | - Hadi Zeidan
- Berufsdermatologie, Hautklinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Voßstr. 2, 69115, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Elke Weisshaar
- Berufsdermatologie, Hautklinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Voßstr. 2, 69115, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
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Severe COVID-19 Lung Infection in Older People and Periodontitis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10020279. [PMID: 33466585 PMCID: PMC7828740 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal bacteria dissemination into the lower respiratory tract may create favorable conditions for severe COVID-19 lung infection. Once lung tissues are colonized, cells that survive persistent bacterial infection can undergo permanent damage and accelerated cellular senescence. Consequently, several morphological and functional features of senescent lung cells facilitate SARS-CoV-2 replication. The higher risk for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, the virus that causes COVID-19, and death in older patients has generated the question whether basic aging mechanisms could be implicated in such susceptibility. Mounting evidence indicates that cellular senescence, a manifestation of aging at the cellular level, contributes to the development of age-related lung pathologies and facilitates respiratory infections. Apparently, a relationship between life-threatening COVID-19 lung infection and pre-existing periodontal disease seems improbable. However, periodontal pathogens can be inoculated during endotracheal intubation and/or aspirated into the lower respiratory tract. This review focuses on how the dissemination of periodontal bacteria into the lungs could aggravate age-related senescent cell accumulation and facilitate more efficient SARS-CoV-2 cell attachment and replication. We also consider how periodontal bacteria-induced premature senescence could influence the course of COVID-19 lung infection. Finally, we highlight the role of saliva as a reservoir for both pathogenic bacteria and SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, the identification of active severe periodontitis can be an opportune and valid clinical parameter for risk stratification of old patients with COVID-19.
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Kumar A, Bano D, Ehninger D. Cellular senescence in vivo: From cells to tissues to pathologies. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 190:111308. [PMID: 32622996 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Senescent cells accumulate during aging in a variety of tissues. Although scarce, they could influence tissue function non-cell-autonomously via secretion of a range of factors in their neighborhood. Recent studies support a role of senescent cells in age-related morbidity, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular pathologies, cancers, aging-associated nephrological alterations, chronic pulmonary disease and osteoarthritis, indicating that senescent cells could represent an interesting target for therapeutic exploitation across a range of pathophysiological contexts. In this article, we review data available to indicate which cell types can undergo senescence within various mammalian tissue environments and how these processes may contribute to tissue-specific pathologies associated with old age. We also consider markers used to identify senescent cells in vitro and in vivo. The data discussed may serve as an important starting point for an extended definition of molecular and functional characteristics of senescent cells in different organs and may hence promote the development and refinement of targeting strategies aimed at removing senescent cells from aging tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avadh Kumar
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniele Bano
- Aging and Neurodegeneration Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
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Chen S, Wang WW, Wang Y, Li YQ, Zhu LX. Cellular senescence in recurrent tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 133:110004. [PMID: 32200310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the difference in cellular senescence patterns between recurrent tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy. METHODS AND MATERIALS Forty-three patients diagnosed with recurrent tonsillitis or tonsillar hypertrophy, based on medical history and symptoms, underwent tonsillectomy. The specimens were collected and examined using senescence β-galactosidase staining for cellular senescence. Macrophages were detected by immunochemistry. RESULTS Cellular senescence was found in both recurrent tonsillitis and tonsillar hypertrophy groups. The comparison of cellular senescence in microcompartments of tonsil tissue (germinal centre, mantle zone, subepithelial and intraepithelial) revealed a significant increase of senescent cells in germinal centres in tonsillar hypertrophy compared with that in tonsillar hypertrophy. The majority of senescent cells in both groups were CD68-positive. CONCLUSIONS Different cellular senescence patterns were found between the two studied paediatric tonsillar diseases. Macrophage senescence may play a role in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Wen-Wen Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Yong-Qin Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
| | - Li-Xin Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
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Osorio C, Kanukuntla T, Diaz E, Jafri N, Cummings M, Sfera A. The Post-amyloid Era in Alzheimer's Disease: Trust Your Gut Feeling. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:143. [PMID: 31297054 PMCID: PMC6608545 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid hypothesis, the assumption that beta-amyloid toxicity is the primary cause of neuronal and synaptic loss, has been the mainstream research concept in Alzheimer's disease for the past two decades. Currently, this model is quietly being replaced by a more holistic, “systemic disease” paradigm which, like the aging process, affects multiple body tissues and organs, including the gut microbiota. It is well-established that inflammation is a hallmark of cellular senescence; however, the infection-senescence link has been less explored. Microbiota-induced senescence is a gradually emerging concept promoted by the discovery of pathogens and their products in Alzheimer's disease brains associated with senescent neurons, glia, and endothelial cells. Infectious agents have previously been associated with Alzheimer's disease, but the cause vs. effect issue could not be resolved. A recent study may have settled this debate as it shows that gingipain, a Porphyromonas gingivalis toxin, can be detected not only in Alzheimer's disease but also in the brains of older individuals deceased prior to developing the illness. In this review, we take the position that gut and other microbes from the body periphery reach the brain by triggering intestinal and blood-brain barrier senescence and disruption. We also surmise that novel Alzheimer's disease findings, including neuronal somatic mosaicism, iron dyshomeostasis, aggressive glial phenotypes, and loss of aerobic glycolysis, can be explained by the infection-senescence model. In addition, we discuss potential cellular senescence targets and therapeutic strategies, including iron chelators, inflammasome inhibitors, senolytic antibiotics, mitophagy inducers, and epigenetic metabolic reprograming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Osorio
- Psychiatry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Tulasi Kanukuntla
- Department of Psychiatry, Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Eddie Diaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Nyla Jafri
- Department of Psychiatry, Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Michael Cummings
- Department of Psychiatry, Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
| | - Adonis Sfera
- Department of Psychiatry, Patton State Hospital, San Bernardino, CA, United States
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Chronic Infections: A Possible Scenario for Autophagy and Senescence Cross-Talk. Cells 2018; 7:cells7100162. [PMID: 30308990 PMCID: PMC6210027 DOI: 10.3390/cells7100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple tissues and systems in the organism undergo modifications during aging due to an accumulation of damaged proteins, lipids, and genetic material. To counteract this process, the cells are equipped with specific mechanisms, such as autophagy and senescence. Particularly, the immune system undergoes a process called immunosenescence, giving rise to a chronic inflammatory status of the organism, with a decreased ability to counteract antigens. The obvious result of this process is a reduced defence capacity. Currently, there is evidence that some pathogens are able to accelerate the immunosenescence process for their own benefit. Although to date numerous reports show the autophagy–senescence relationship, or the connection between pathogens with autophagy or senescence, the link between the three actors remains unexplored. In this review, we have summarized current knowledge about important issues related to aging, senescence, and autophagy.
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Abstract
Many studies have been performed in the last year concerning the potential role of Helicobacter pylori in different extragastric diseases, reinforcing the idea that specific microorganisms may cause diseases even far from the primary site of infection. While the role of H. pylori on idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, sideropenic anemia, and vitamin B12 deficiency has been well established, there is a growing interest in other conditions, such as cardiovascular, neurologic, dermatologic, obstetric, immunologic, and metabolic diseases. Concerning neurologic diseases, there is a great interest in cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. The aim of this review was to summarize the results of the most relevant studies published over the last year on this fascinating topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bianca Giupponi
- Internal Medicine Institute, Fondaeione Policlinico Unversitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Internal Medicine Institute, Fondaeione Policlinico Unversitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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de Korwin JD, Ianiro G, Gibiino G, Gasbarrini A. Helicobacter pylori infection and extragastric diseases in 2017. Helicobacter 2017; 22 Suppl 1. [PMID: 28891133 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The huge variety of extragastric diseases linked to Helicobacter pylori infection is widely known, and new studies are conducted every year on this topic. Neurological disorders and metabolic syndrome are some of the main issues debated in the most recent literature. Articles on the association of H. pylori with skin diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, immunologic impairment, kidney dysfunction, allergic asthma, and respiratory diseases have been published as well. In this perspective, eradication therapy for this infection could become a mandatory measure in prevention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Dominique de Korwin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Lorraine and University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Gianluca Ianiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Agostino Gemelli Hospital, Catholic University of Rome, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Gibiino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Agostino Gemelli Hospital, Catholic University of Rome, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Agostino Gemelli Hospital, Catholic University of Rome, Milano, Italy
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