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Arévalo-Marín E, Casas A, Alvarado-Sizzo H, Ruiz-Sanchez E, Castellanos-Morales G, Jardón-Barbolla L, Fermin G, Padilla-Ramírez JS, Clement CR. Genetic analyses and dispersal patterns unveil the Amazonian origin of guava domestication. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15755. [PMID: 38977809 PMCID: PMC11231237 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66495-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a semi-domesticated fruit tree of moderate importance in the Neotropics, utilized for millennia due to its nutritional and medicinal benefits, but its origin of domestication remains unknown. In this study, we examine genetic diversity and population structure in 215 plants from 11 countries in Mesoamerica, the Andes, and Amazonia using 25 nuclear microsatellite loci to propose an origin of domestication. Genetic analyses reveal one gene pool in Mesoamerica (Mexico) and four in South America (Brazilian Amazonia, Peruvian Amazonia and Andes, and Colombia), indicating greater differentiation among localities, possibly due to isolation between guava populations, particularly in the Amazonian and Andean regions. Moreover, Mesoamerican populations show high genetic diversity, with moderate genetic structure due to gene flow from northern South American populations. Dispersal scenarios suggest that Brazilian Amazonia is the probable origin of guava domestication, spreading from there to the Peruvian Andes, northern South America, Central America, and Mexico. These findings present the first evidence of guava domestication in the Americas, contributing to a deeper understanding of its evolutionary history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Arévalo-Marín
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad-IIES, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - Alejandro Casas
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad-IIES, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Hernán Alvarado-Sizzo
- Laboratorio de Biogeografía y Sistemática, Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Ruiz-Sanchez
- Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Castellanos-Morales
- Departamento de Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad Villahermosa (ECOSUR-Villahermosa), Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Lev Jardón-Barbolla
- Centro de Investigaciones Interdisciplinarias en Ciencias y Humanidades, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Fermin
- Instituto Jardín Botánico de Mérida, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - José S Padilla-Ramírez
- Campo Experimental Pabellón, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Charles R Clement
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
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Boyd JN, Baskauf C, Lindsay A, Anderson JT, Brzyski J, Cruse‐Sanders J. Phenotypic plasticity and genetic diversity shed light on endemism of rare Boechera perstellata and its potential vulnerability to climate warming. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10540. [PMID: 37720057 PMCID: PMC10502469 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid pace of contemporary environmental change puts many species at risk, especially rare species constrained by limited capacity to adapt or migrate due to low genetic diversity and/or fitness. But the ability to acclimate can provide another way to persist through change. We compared the capacity of rare Boechera perstellata (Braun's rockcress) and widespread B. laevigata to acclimate to change. We investigated the phenotypic plasticity of growth, biomass allocation, and leaf morphology of individuals of B. perstellata and B. laevigata propagated from seed collected from several populations throughout their ranges in a growth chamber experiment to assess their capacity to acclimate. Concurrently, we assessed the genetic diversity of sampled populations using 17 microsatellite loci to assess evolutionary potential. Plasticity was limited in both rare B. perstellata and widespread B. laevigata, but differences in the plasticity of root traits between species suggest that B. perstellata may have less capacity to acclimate to change. In contrast to its widespread congener, B. perstellata exhibited no plasticity in response to temperature and weaker plastic responses to water availability. As expected, B. perstellata also had lower levels of observed heterozygosity than B. laevigata at the species level, but population-level trends in diversity measures were inconsistent due to high heterogeneity among B. laevigata populations. Overall, the ability of phenotypic plasticity to broadly explain the rarity of B. perstellata versus commonness of B. laevigata is limited. However, some contextual aspects of our plasticity findings compared with its relatively low genetic variability may shed light on the narrow range and habitat associations of B. perstellata and suggest its vulnerability to climate warming due to acclimatory and evolutionary constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Nagel Boyd
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental ScienceUniversity of Tennessee at ChattanoogaChattanoogaTennesseeUSA
| | - Carol Baskauf
- Department of BiologyAustin Peay State UniversityClarksvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Annie Lindsay
- Department of BiologyAustin Peay State UniversityClarksvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Jill T. Anderson
- Department of Genetics, Odum School of Ecology, Davison Life SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Jessica Brzyski
- Department of BiologySeton Hill UniversityGreensburgPennsylvaniaUSA
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Serbin GM, Pinangé DSDB, Machado RM, Vasconcelos S, Amorim BS, Clement CR. Relationship between fruit phenotypes and domestication in hexaploid populations of biribá ( Annona mucosa) in Brazilian Amazonia. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14659. [PMID: 36710859 PMCID: PMC9879159 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biribá (Annona mucosa Jacq.) is a fruit tree domesticated in Amazonia and has polyploid populations. The species presents ample phenotypic variation in fruit characteristics, including weight (100-4,000 g) and differences in carpel protrusions. Two cytotypes are recorded in the literature (2n = 28, 42) and genome size records are divergent (2C = 4.77, 5.42 and 6.00 pg). To decipher the role of polyploidy in the domestication of A. mucosa, we examined the relationships among phenotypic variation, chromosome number and genome size, and which came first, polyploidization or domestication. Methodology We performed chromosome counts of A. mucosa from central and western Brazilian Amazonia, and estimated genome size by flow cytometry. We performed phylogenetic reconstruction with publicly available data using a Bayesian framework, time divergence analysis and reconstructed the ancestral chromosome number for the genus Annona and for A. mucosa. Results We observed that variation in fruit phenotypes is not associated with variation in chromosome number and genome size. The most recent common ancestor of A. mucosa is inferred to be polyploid and diverged before domestication. Conclusions We conclude that, when domesticated, A. mucosa was already polyploid and we suggest that human selection is the main evolutionary force behind fruit size and fruit morphological variation in Annona mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Melilli Serbin
- Postgraduate Program in Botany, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Bruno Sampaio Amorim
- Museu da Amazônia (MUSA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources of Amazonia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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Spadeto MS, Vasconcelos LC, Menini L, Clarindo WR, Guilhen JHS, Ferreira MFS, Praça-Fontes MM. Intraspecific C-value variation and the outcomes in Psidium cattleyanum Sabine essential oil. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e260455. [PMID: 36169524 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.260455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyploidy, a numerical alteration of the karyotype, is one of the most important mechanisms in plant speciation and diversification, but could also be detected among populations, the cytotypes. For example, Psidium cattleyanum, a polyploid complex, has chromosome numbers ranging from 2n=3x=33 to 2n=12x=132. Polyploidization causes an increase in DNA content, and both modifications may cause alteration in plant growth, physiology, and epigenetics. Based on this possibility, here we aim to verify the influence of the polyploidization on the production of P. cattleyanum essential oil chemotypes. Differences in the DNA contents, as a proxy to different ploidies, were observed and three distinct chemotypes were identified through the chromatographic profile analysis. The Psidium cattleyanum DNA content and qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the essential oils presented a positive relationship. Plants with higher DNA contents presented higher levels of oil production, which was mostly composed of hydrogenated sesquiterpenes, while plants with lower DNA contents produced lower amount of oil, which was mostly composed of hydrogenated monoterpenes. Based on the importance of essential oils, polyploid plants, which present higher DNA content, are recommended as possible matrices for the propagation of new plants with the potential to produce major compounds of agronomic and pharmacological interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Spadeto
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Laboratório de Citogenética e Cultura de Tecidos Vegetais, Grupo de Pesquisa Agroquímicos e Análise de Toxicidade em Bioensaios, Alegre, ES, Brasil
| | - L C Vasconcelos
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Laboratório de Citogenética e Cultura de Tecidos Vegetais, Grupo de Pesquisa Agroquímicos e Análise de Toxicidade em Bioensaios, Alegre, ES, Brasil
| | - L Menini
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo - IFES, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Alegre, ES, Brasil
| | - W R Clarindo
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento - PPGGM, Laboratório de Citogenética e Citometria, Grupo de Pesquisa Agroquímicos e Análise de Toxicidade em Bioensaios, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - J H S Guilhen
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Departamento de Agronomia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Laboratório de Genética Vegetal, Grupo de Pesquisa Agroquímicos e Análise de Toxicidade em Bioensaios, Alegre, ES, Brasil
| | - M F S Ferreira
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Departamento de Agronomia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Laboratório de Genética Vegetal, Grupo de Pesquisa Agroquímicos e Análise de Toxicidade em Bioensaios, Alegre, ES, Brasil
| | - M M Praça-Fontes
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Laboratório de Citogenética e Cultura de Tecidos Vegetais, Grupo de Pesquisa Agroquímicos e Análise de Toxicidade em Bioensaios, Alegre, ES, Brasil
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de Oliveira Bernardes C, Tuler AC, Canal D, Carvalho MS, Ferreira A, da Silva Ferreira MF. Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Psidium Species from Restinga: A Coastal and Disturbed Ecosystem of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Biochem Genet 2022; 60:2503-2514. [PMID: 35577994 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10222-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Atlantic Forest is one of the most threatened biomes in the world. Here, we use a common set of microsatellite markers to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of three species from the genus Psidium (P. guajava, P. macahense, and P. guineense), located in a disturbed environment of the Atlantic Forest, the restinga, in Espírito Santo, Brazil. Psidium guajava populations presented the highest number of alleles (95) followed by P. guineense (81) and P. macahense (68). The genetic variability was high (P. guajava = 0.71; P. guineense = 0.74; P. macahense = 0.63), with greater variation within populations (72 to 84%) than among populations (15 to 27%), reflecting elevated values of genetic differentiation (P. guajava, FST: 0.15; P. macahense, ØST: 0.27; P. guineense, ØST: 0.21). The populations were clustered into two main groups and considered moderately structured. This is the first report of genetic studies and evidence of polyploidy to P. macahense. Our results may provide information that can be used in management and conservation strategies, to preserve the diversity of Psidium populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina de Oliveira Bernardes
- Laboratório de Genética e Melhoramento Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Agrárias E Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Amélia Carlos Tuler
- Universidade Federal de Roraima, Campus Paricana, Boa Vista, RR, 69304-000, Brazil
| | - Drielli Canal
- Laboratório de Genética e Melhoramento Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Agrárias E Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Marina Santos Carvalho
- Laboratório de Genética e Melhoramento Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Agrárias E Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Adésio Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genética e Melhoramento Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Agrárias E Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Marcia Flores da Silva Ferreira
- Laboratório de Genética e Melhoramento Vegetal, Centro de Ciências Agrárias E Engenharias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
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Boyd JN, Odell J, Cruse‐Sanders J, Rogers W, Anderson JT, Baskauf C, Brzyski J. Phenotypic plasticity and genetic diversity elucidate rarity and vulnerability of an endangered riparian plant. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Nagel Boyd
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Science University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga Tennessee USA
| | - Jared Odell
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Science University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga Tennessee USA
| | - Jennifer Cruse‐Sanders
- Department of Genetics Odum School of Ecology, Davison Life Sciences, University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
| | - Will Rogers
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Science University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga Tennessee USA
- State Botanical Garden of Georgia University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
| | - Jill T. Anderson
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Science University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga Tennessee USA
- Department of Genetics Odum School of Ecology, Davison Life Sciences, University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
- State Botanical Garden of Georgia University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA
| | - Carol Baskauf
- Department of Biology Austin Peay State University Clarksville Tennessee USA
| | - Jessica Brzyski
- Department of Biology Seton Hill University Greensburg Pennsylvania USA
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Mathiazhagan M, Chidambara B, Hunashikatti LR, Ravishankar KV. Genomic Approaches for Improvement of Tropical Fruits: Fruit Quality, Shelf Life and Nutrient Content. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1881. [PMID: 34946829 PMCID: PMC8701245 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The breeding of tropical fruit trees for improving fruit traits is complicated, due to the long juvenile phase, generation cycle, parthenocarpy, polyploidy, polyembryony, heterozygosity and biotic and abiotic factors, as well as a lack of good genomic resources. Many molecular techniques have recently evolved to assist and hasten conventional breeding efforts. Molecular markers linked to fruit development and fruit quality traits such as fruit shape, size, texture, aroma, peel and pulp colour were identified in tropical fruit crops, facilitating Marker-assisted breeding (MAB). An increase in the availability of genome sequences of tropical fruits further aided in the discovery of SNP variants/Indels, QTLs and genes that can ascertain the genetic determinants of fruit characters. Through multi-omics approaches such as genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and proteomics, the identification and quantification of transcripts, including non-coding RNAs, involved in sugar metabolism, fruit development and ripening, shelf life, and the biotic and abiotic stress that impacts fruit quality were made possible. Utilizing genomic assisted breeding methods such as genome wide association (GWAS), genomic selection (GS) and genetic modifications using CRISPR/Cas9 and transgenics has paved the way to studying gene function and developing cultivars with desirable fruit traits by overcoming long breeding cycles. Such comprehensive multi-omics approaches related to fruit characters in tropical fruits and their applications in breeding strategies and crop improvement are reviewed, discussed and presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kundapura V. Ravishankar
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru 560089, India; (M.M.); (B.C.); (L.R.H.)
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