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Arévalo-Marín E, Casas A, Landrum L, Shock MP, Alvarado-Sizzo H, Ruiz-Sanchez E, Clement CR. The Taming of Psidium guajava: Natural and Cultural History of a Neotropical Fruit. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:714763. [PMID: 34650576 PMCID: PMC8505677 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.714763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Guava (Psidium guajava L., Myrtaceae) is a Neotropical fruit that is widely consumed around the world. However, its evolutionary history and domestication process are unknown. Here we examine available ecological, taxonomic, genetic, archeological, and historical evidence about guava. Guava needs full sunlight, warm temperatures, and well-distributed rainfall throughout the year to grow, but tolerates drought. Zoochory and anthropochory are the main forms of dispersal. Guava's phylogenetic relationships with other species of the genus Psidium are unclear. A group of six species that share several morphological characteristics are tentatively accepted as the Psidium guajava complex. DNA analyses are limited to the characterization of crop genetic diversity within localities and do not account for possible evolutionary and domestication scenarios. A significant amount of archeological information exists, with a greater number and older records in South America than in Mesoamerica, where there are also numerous historical records. From this information, we propose that: (1) the guava ancestor may have originated during the Middle or Late Miocene, and the savannas and semi-deciduous forests of South America formed during the Late Pleistocene would have been the most appropriate ecosystems for its growth, (2) the megafauna were important dispersers for guava, (3) dispersal by humans during the Holocene expanded guava's geographic range, including to the southwestern Amazonian lowlands, (4) where its domestication may have started, and (5) with the European conquest of the Neotropics, accompanied by their domestic animals, new contact routes between previously remote guava populations were established. These proposals could direct future research on the evolutionary and domestication process of guava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Arévalo-Marín
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Casas
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Leslie Landrum
- Natural History Collections, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Myrtle P. Shock
- Programa de Antropologia e Arqueologia, Instituto de Ciências da Sociedade, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, Brazil
| | - Hernán Alvarado-Sizzo
- Laboratorio de Biogeografía y Sistemática, Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Ruiz-Sanchez
- Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Charles R. Clement
- Coordenação de Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil
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Nunes EN, Guerra NM, Arévalo-Marín E, Alves CAB, Nascimento VTD, Cruz DDD, Ladio AH, Silva SDM, Oliveira RSD, Lucena RFPD. Local botanical knowledge of native food plants in the semiarid region of Brazil. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2018; 14:49. [PMID: 30029663 PMCID: PMC6053708 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-018-0249-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the local botanical knowledge of native food plants in three rural communities, located in the semiarid region of Paraíba State, Brazil, verifying possibilities of differences of knowledge among communities and between men and women. METHODS Semi-structured interviews about native plant knowledge and use were conducted with all householders in each community, totaling 117 informants. The species similarity among the communities of Pau D'Arco, Várzea Alegre, and Barroquinha was compared with Jaccard index, and the use value index (UVgeneral, UVcurrent, UVpotential) was used to determine the most important species. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the use values among communities and genders. The consensus factor among the informants was calculated according to the uses cited, and the Wilcoxon test was used to compare the use values between men and women. RESULTS We recorded 9 species belonging to 8 genera and 8 families in Várzea Alegre; 10 species, 9 genera, and 9 families in Barroquinha; and 7 species, 7 genera and 7 families in Pau D'Arco. Spondias tuberosa Arruda (Anacardiaceae) in Várzea Alegre, Spondias sp. (Anacardiaceae) in Barroquinha, and Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae) in Pau D'Arco were the most prominent species. Preparation methods are slightly different in the three communities, and there is low similarity about species use among the communities. Regarding gender, the analysis of use value among the communities evidenced significant differences only for UVgeneral among women, specifically between Barroquinha and Pau D'Arco. For men and women within each community, there is a difference only for UVpotential in Barroquinha. CONCLUSION This study showed that the residents of the three rural communities have limited knowledge of native food plants found in their communities, but they know where to find them, which parts they may use and how to consume them. The fact is that men know plants that are more distant from the residences and women know those that are next to them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernane N. Nunes
- Laboratório de Etnobiologia e Ciências Ambientais, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58.051-900 Brazil
- Laboratório de Química de Biomassa, Departamento de Engenharia Química, da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Paraíba 58.429-900 Brazil
| | - Natan M. Guerra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus II, Areia, Paraíba 58.397-000 Brazil
| | - Edna Arévalo-Marín
- Subdireção Científica, Jardim Botânico José Celestino Mutis, Avenida Calle 63 No. 68-95, Bogotá D.C., Bogotá Colombia
- Laboratório de Ecologia Terrestre, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus João Pessoa, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58059-900 Brazil
| | - Carlos Antônio B. Alves
- Laboratório de Etnobiologia e Ciências Ambientais, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58.051-900 Brazil
- Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campus Guarabira, Guarabira, Rodovia PB-75, km 01, Bairro, Areia Branca, Guarabira, Paraíba 58.200-000 Brazil
| | - Viviany T. do Nascimento
- Departamento de Ciências Humanas, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Campus IX, Rodovia BR 242, Loteamento Flamengo, Barreiras, Bahia 47802-470 Brazil
| | - Denise D. da Cruz
- Laboratório de Etnobiologia e Ciências Ambientais, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58.051-900 Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia Terrestre, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus João Pessoa, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58059-900 Brazil
| | - Ana H. Ladio
- Laboratorio Ecotono. INIBIOMA, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral S/N Barrio Jardín Botánico (8400), San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro Argentina
| | - Silvanda de M. Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus II, Areia, Paraíba 58.397-000 Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S. de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Etnobiologia e Ciências Ambientais, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58.051-900 Brazil
| | - Reinaldo F. P. de Lucena
- Laboratório de Etnobiologia e Ciências Ambientais, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa, Paraíba 58.051-900 Brazil
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