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Liu S, Xiao F, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Shi G. Establishment of the CRISPR-Cpf1 gene editing system in Bacillus licheniformis and multiplexed gene knockout. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2024; 10:39-48. [PMID: 39224148 PMCID: PMC11366866 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2024.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis is a significant industrial microorganism. Traditional gene editing techniques relying on homologous recombination often exhibit low efficiency due to their reliance on resistance genes. Additionally, the established CRISPR gene editing technology, utilizing Cas9 endonuclease, faces challenges in achieving simultaneous knockout of multiple genes. To address this limitation, the CRISPR-Cpf1 system has been developed, enabling multiplexed gene editing across various microorganisms. Key to the efficient gene editing capability of this system is the rigorous screening of highly effective expression elements to achieve conditional expression of protein Cpf1. In this study, we employed mCherry as a reporter gene and harnessed P mal for regulating the expression of Cpf1 to establish the CRISPR-Cpf1 gene editing system in Bacillus licheniformis. Our system achieved a 100 % knockout efficiency for the single gene vpr and up to 80 % for simultaneous knockout of the double genes epr and mpr. Furthermore, the culture of a series of protease-deficient strains revealed that the protease encoded by aprE contributed significantly to extracellular enzyme activity (approximately 80 %), whereas proteases encoded by vpr, epr, and mpr genes contributed to a smaller proportion of extracellular enzyme activity. These findings provide support for effective molecular modification and metabolic regulation in industrial organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Fengxu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Youran Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yanling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Guiyang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, PR China
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Put H, Gerstmans H, Vande Capelle H, Fauvart M, Michiels J, Masschelein J. Bacillus subtilis as a host for natural product discovery and engineering of biosynthetic gene clusters. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:1113-1151. [PMID: 38465694 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00065f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to October 2023Many bioactive natural products are synthesized by microorganisms that are either difficult or impossible to cultivate under laboratory conditions, or that produce only small amounts of the desired compound. By transferring biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) into alternative host organisms that are more easily cultured and engineered, larger quantities can be obtained and new analogues with potentially improved biological activity or other desirable properties can be generated. Moreover, expression of cryptic BGCs in a suitable host can facilitate the identification and characterization of novel natural products. Heterologous expression therefore represents a valuable tool for natural product discovery and engineering as it allows the study and manipulation of their biosynthetic pathways in a controlled setting, enabling innovative applications. Bacillus is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria that is widely used in industrial biotechnology as a host for the production of proteins from diverse origins, including enzymes and vaccines. However, despite numerous successful examples, Bacillus species remain underexploited as heterologous hosts for the expression of natural product BGCs. Here, we review important advantages that Bacillus species offer as expression hosts, such as high secretion capacity, natural competence for DNA uptake, and the increasing availability of a wide range of genetic tools for gene expression and strain engineering. We evaluate different strain optimization strategies and other critical factors that have improved the success and efficiency of heterologous natural product biosynthesis in B. subtilis. Finally, future perspectives for using B. subtilis as a heterologous host are discussed, identifying research gaps and promising areas that require further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Put
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Hans Gerstmans
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Discovery & Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanne Vande Capelle
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Discovery & Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Fauvart
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
- imec, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Michiels
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Joleen Masschelein
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Discovery & Engineering, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Liu Z, Zhang S, Hu H, Wang H, Qiu Y, Dong M, Wang M, Cui Z, Cui H, Wang Y, He G. Construction of recombinant Lactococcus expressing thymosin and interferon fusion protein and its application as an immune adjuvant. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:40. [PMID: 38321474 PMCID: PMC10845779 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, biosafety and green food safety standards have increased the demand for immune enhancers and adjuvants. In the present study, recombinant food-grade Lactococcus lactis (r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN) expressing thymosin Tα1 and chicken interferon fusion protein was constructed. RESULTS The in vitro interactions with macrophages revealed a mixture of recombinant r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN could significantly activate both macrophage J774-Dual™ NF-κB and interferon regulator (IRF) signaling pathways. In vitro interactions with chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) demonstrated that a mixture of recombinant r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN significantly enhanced the expression levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-10, CD80, and CD86 proteins in chicken PBMCs. Animal experiments displayed that injecting a lysis mixture of recombinant r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN could significantly activate the proliferation of T cells and antigen-presenting cells in chicken PBMCs. Moreover, 16S analysis of intestinal microbiota demonstrated that injection of the lysis mixture of recombinant r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN could significantly improve the structure and composition of chicken intestinal microbiota, with a significant increase in probiotic genera, such as Lactobacillus spp. Results of animal experiments using the lysis mixture of recombinant r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN as an immune adjuvant for inactivated chicken Newcastle disease vaccine showed that the serum antibody titers of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the vaccine control group, and the expression levels of cytokines IFN-γ and IL-2 were significantly higher than those of the vaccine control group. CONCLUSION These results indicate that food-safe recombinant r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN has potential as a vaccine immune booster and immune adjuvant. This study lays the foundation for the development of natural green novel animal immune booster or immune adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengqi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Suhua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongjiao Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - He Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Harbin Guosheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Mingqi Dong
- Harbin Guosheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Muping Wang
- Harbin Guosheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Harbin, 150028, China
| | - Ziyang Cui
- Clinical Medical College, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Hongyu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China.
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- Harbin Guosheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Harbin, 150028, China.
| | - Gaoming He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China.
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Rados T, Andre K, Cerletti M, Bisson A. A sweet new set of inducible and constitutive promoters in Haloferax volcanii. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1204876. [PMID: 37637112 PMCID: PMC10448506 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1204876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inducible promoters are one of cellular and molecular biology's most important technical tools. The ability to deplete, replete, and overexpress genes on demand is the foundation of most functional studies. Here, we developed and characterized a new xylose-responsive promoter (Pxyl), the second inducible promoter system for the model haloarcheon Haloferax volcanii. Generating RNA-seq datasets from cultures in the presence of four historically used inducers (arabinose, xylose, maltose, and IPTG), we mapped upregulated genomic regions primarily repressed in the absence of the above inducers. We found a highly upregulated promoter that controls the expression of the xacEA (HVO_B0027-28) operon in the pHV3 chromosome. To characterize this promoter region, we cloned msfGFP (monomeric superfold green fluorescent protein) under the control of two upstream regions into a modified pTA962 vector: the first 250 bp (P250) and the whole 750 bp intergenic fragments (P750). The P250 sequence drove the expression of msfGFP constitutively, and its expression did not respond to the presence or absence of xylose. However, the P750 promoter showed not only to be repressed in the absence of xylose but also expressed higher levels of msfGFP than the previously described inducible promoter PtnaA in the presence of the inducer. Finally, we validated the inducible Pxyl promoter by reproducing morphological phenotypes already described in the literature. By overexpressing the tubulin-like FtsZ1 and FtsZ2, we observed similar but slightly more pronounced morphological defects than the tryptophan-inducible promoter PtnaA. FtsZ1 overexpression created larger, deformed cells, whereas cells overexpressing FtsZ2 were smaller but mostly retained their shape. In summary, this work contributes a new xylose-inducible promoter that could be used simultaneously with the well-established PtnaA in functional studies in H. volcanii in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theopi Rados
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Katherine Andre
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Micaela Cerletti
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Alex Bisson
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States
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Chu PTB, Phan TTP, Nguyen TTT, Truong TTT, Schumann W, Nguyen HD. Potent IPTG-inducible integrative expression vectors for production of recombinant proteins in Bacillus subtilis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:143. [PMID: 37004690 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03566-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
The IPTG-inducible promoter family, Pgrac, allows high protein expression levels in an inducible manner. In this study, we constructed IPTG-inducible expression vectors containing strong Pgrac promoters that allow integration of the transgene at either the amyE or lacA locus or both loci in Bacillus subtilis. Our novel integrative expression vectors based on Pgrac promoters could control the repression of protein production in the absence and the induction in the presence of an inducer, IPTG. The β-galactosidase (BgaB) protein levels were 9.0%, 15% and 30% of the total cellular protein in the B. subtilis strains carrying single cassettes with the Pgrac01, Pgrac100 or Pgrac212 promoters, respectively. The maximal induction ratio of Pgrac01-bgaB was 35.5 while that of Pgrac100-bgaB was 7.5 and that of Pgrac212-bgaB was 9. The inducible expression of GFP and BgaB protein was stably maintained for 24 h, with the highest yield of GFP being 24% of cell total protein while the maximum amount of BgaB was found to be 38%. A dual integration of two copies of the gfp+ gene into the B. subtilis genome at the lacA and amyE loci resulted in a yield of about 40% of total cellular protein and a 1.74-fold increase in GFP compared with single-integrated strains containing the same Pgrac212 promoter. The capability of protein production from low to high levels of these inducible integrative systems is useful for fundamental and applied research in B. subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Thi Bich Chu
- Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Trang Thi Phuong Phan
- Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Tam Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tuom Thi Tinh Truong
- Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Wolfgang Schumann
- Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Institute of Genetics, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Hoang Duc Nguyen
- Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Development of a Glycerol-Inducible Expression System for High-Yield Heterologous Protein Production in Bacillus subtilis. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0132222. [PMID: 36036634 PMCID: PMC9604022 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01322-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of efficient, low-cost, and robust expression systems is important for the mass production of proteins and natural products in large amounts using cell factories. Glycerol is an ideal carbon source for large-scale fermentation due to its low cost and favorable maintenance of the fermentation process. Here, we used the antiterminator protein GlpP and its target promoter PglpD to construct a highly efficient glycerol-inducible expression system (GIES) in Bacillus subtilis. This system was able to express heterologous genes in an autoinducible manner based on the sequential utilization of glucose and glycerol under the regulation of carbon catabolite repression. In such a system, the concentration of glycerol regulated the strength of gene expression, and the concentration of glucose affected both the timing of induction and the strength of gene expression. By enhancing GlpP, the GIES was further strengthened for high-level intracellular expression of aspartase and secretory expression of nattokinase. High yields of nattokinase in a 5-L fermenter through batch and fed-batch fermentation demonstrated the potential to apply the GIES for large-scale enzyme production. Through the evolution of the -10 box of PglpD, mutants with gradient activities were obtained. In addition, hybrid glycerol-inducible promoters were successfully constructed by combining the constitutive promoters and the 5' untranslated region of PglpD. Collectively, this study developed a GIES to obtain high-value products from inexpensive glycerol. More importantly, the great potential of the pair of inherent terminator and antiterminator protein as a portable biological tool for various purposes in synthetic biology is proposed. IMPORTANCE In this study, a GIES was constructed in B. subtilis by employing the antiterminator protein GlpP and the GlpP-regulated promoter PglpD. Based on the sequential utilization of glucose and glycerol by B. subtilis, the GIES was able to express genes in an autoinducible manner. The amounts and ratio of glucose and glycerol can regulate the gene induction timing and expression strength. The GIES was further applied for high yields of nattokinase, and its robustness in production scale-up was confirmed in a 5-L fermenter. The high-level expression of heterologous proteins demonstrated the huge application potential of the GIES. Furthermore, mutants of PglpD with gradient activities and hybrid glycerol-inducible promoters were obtained through the evolution of the -10 box of PglpD and the combination of the constitutive promoters and the 5' untranslated region of PglpD, respectively. These results demonstrated the use of the antiterminator protein as a regulator for various purposes in synthetic biology.
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Optimal Secretory Expression of Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase from Issatchenkia terricola in Bacillus subtilis through a Combined Strategy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030747. [PMID: 35164011 PMCID: PMC8838704 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenases are potential enzyme preparations that can be used to detoxify acetaldehyde and other exogenous aldehydes from pharmaceuticals, food, and biofuel production. In this study, we enhanced the expression of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase sourced from Issatchenkia terricola (istALDH) in Bacillus subtilis using a combinatorial strategy for the optimization of signal peptides, promoters, and growth conditions. First, a library of various signal peptides was constructed to identify the optimal signal peptides for efficient istALDH secretion. The signal peptide yqzG achieved the highest extracellular istALDH activity (204.85 ± 3.31 U/mL). Second, the aprE promoter was replaced by a constitutive promoter (i.e., P43) and an inducible promoter (i.e., Pglv), resulting in 12.40% and 19.97% enhanced istALDH, respectively. Furthermore, the tandem promoter P43-Pglv provided a better performance, resulting in 30.96% enhanced istALDH activity. Third, the production of istALDH was optimized by testing one factor at a time. Physical parameters were optimized including the inducer (e.g., maltose) concentrations, incubation temperatures, and inoculation amounts, and the results were 2.0%, 35 °C, and 2.0%, respectively. The optimized medium results were 2.0% glucose, 1.5% peptone, 2.5% yeast extract, 1% NaCl, and 0.5% (NH4)2SO4. The extracellular istALDH activity was 331.19 ± 4.19 U/mL, yielding the highest production reported in the literature to date.
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Liu H, Wang S, Song L, Yuan H, Liu K, Meng W, Wang T. Trehalose Production Using Recombinant Trehalose Synthase in Bacillus subtilis by Integrating Fermentation and Biocatalysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:9314-9324. [PMID: 31352776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose, a stable nonreducing disaccharide, protects biomolecules against environmental stress. However, trehalose production using secretory trehalose synthase (TreS) by Bacillus subtilis has not been well studied. In this study, a mutant TreS was successfully secreted and expressed in B. subtilis WB800N. The extracellular enzyme activity of TreS regulated by the P43 promoter and SPPhoD signal peptide in recombinant B. subtilis WB800N reached 23080.6 ± 1119.4 U/L in a 5-L fermenter after optimizing the culture medium, while xpF, skfA, lytC, and sdpC were knocked out. To reduce maltose consumption, malP and amyE corresponding to maltose transporters were further deleted. To simplify the trehalose production process, we invented a fermentation-coupling biocatalysis process involving recombinant bacteria fermentation to secrete TreS and simultaneous conversion of maltose to trehalose by TreS and found that the conversion rate of maltose to trehalose reached 75.5%, suggesting that this is an efficient strategy for large-scale trehalose production using recombinant B. subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
| | - Longxiang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP) , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering , Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan , Shandong 250353 , People's Republic of China
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9
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Liu H, Wang X, Yang S, Wang R, Wang T. Saturation mutagenesis and self-inducible expression of trehalose synthase in Bacillus subtilis. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2826. [PMID: 31021505 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide synthesized by trehalose synthase (TreS), which catalyzes the reversible interconversion of maltose and trehalose. We aimed to enhance the catalytic conversion of maltose to trehalose by saturation mutagenesis, and constructed a self-inducible TreS expression system by generating a robust Bacillus subtilis recombinant. We found that the conversion yield and enzymatic activity of TreS was enhanced by saturation mutations, especially by the combination of V407M and K490L mutations. At the same time, these saturation mutations were contributing to reducing by-products in the reaction. Compared to WT TreS, the conversion yield of maltose to trehalose was increased by 11.9%, and the kcat /Km toward trehalose was 1.33 times higher in the reaction catalyzed by treSV407M-K490L . treSV407M-K490L expression was further observed in the recombinant B. subtilis W800N(ΔσF ) under the influence of PsrfA , Pcry3Aa , and PsrfA-cry3Aa promoters without an inducer. It was shown that PsrfA-cry3Aa was evidently a stronger promoter for treSV407M-K490L expression, with the intracellular enzymatic activity of recombinant treSV407M-K490L being over 5,800 U/g at 35 hr in TB medium. These results suggested the combination of two mutations, V407M and K490L, was conducive for the production of trehalose. In addition, the self-inducible TreSV407M/K490L mutant in the B. subtilis host provides a low-cost choice for the industrial production of endotoxin-free trehalose with high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science &Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, School of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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10
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Liu H, Liu H, Yang S, Wang R, Wang T. Improved Expression and Optimization of Trehalose Synthase by Regulation of P glv in Bacillus subtilis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6585. [PMID: 31036837 PMCID: PMC6488592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43172-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Trehalose synthase (TreS) converts maltose to trehalose, which has several important functions; therefore, enhancing TreS expression is desirable. Here, a recombinant Bacillus subtilis W800N (ΔamyE)-Pglv strain was constructed to achieve enhanced expression of TreS. Process optimization strategies were developed to improve the expression level of TreS in B. subtilis W800N (ΔamyE)-Pglv. Intracellular activity of TreS was induced using 60 g/L of maltose in shake flask culture. The protein activity reached 5211 ± 134 U/g at 33 °C and pH 7.0 in Luria-Bertani medium. A fed-batch fermentation strategy was applied in a 30 L fermenter containing 18 L terrific broth to achieve high cell density by replacing glycerol with high maltose syrup as a carbon source and an inducer. After 32 h of fermentation, recombinant B. subtilis W800N (ΔamyE)-Pglv activity reached 6850 ± 287 U/g dry cell weight. Our results demonstrate the efficiency of the Pglv promoter in increasing the expression of TreS in B. subtilis W800N (ΔamyE)-Pglv.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science &Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science &Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Shaojie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China
| | - Ruiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China. .,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, QiLu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China.
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11
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Song Y, Fu G, Dong H, Li J, Du Y, Zhang D. High-Efficiency Secretion of β-Mannanase in Bacillus subtilis through Protein Synthesis and Secretion Optimization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:2540-2548. [PMID: 28262014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The manno endo-1,4-mannosidase (β-mannanase, EC. 3.2.1.78) catalyzes the random hydrolysis of internal (1 → 4)-β-mannosidic linkages in the mannan polymers. A codon optimized β-mannanase gene from Bacillus licheniformis DSM13 was expressed in Bacillus subtilis. When four Sec-dependent and two Tat-dependent signal peptide sequences cloned from B. subtilis were placed upstream of the target gene, the highest activity of β-mannanase was observed using SPlipA as a signal peptide. Then a 1.25-fold activity of β-mannanase was obtained when another copy of groESL operon was inserted into the genome of host strain. Finally, five different promoters were separately used to enhance the synthesis of the target protein. The results showed that promoter Pmglv, a modified maltose-inducible promoter, significantly elevated the production of β-mannanase. After 72 h of flask fermentation, the enzyme activity of β-mannanase in the supernatant when using locust bean gum as substrate reached 2207 U/mL. This work provided a promising β-mannanase production strain in industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Song
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology and ‡Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Tianjin 300308, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen , 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gang Fu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology and ‡Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Tianjin 300308, P. R. China
| | - Huina Dong
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology and ‡Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Tianjin 300308, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Li
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology , Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuguang Du
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology , Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Production & Formulation Engineering, PLA, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology and ‡Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Tianjin 300308, P. R. China
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12
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Yang S, Du G, Chen J, Kang Z. Characterization and application of endogenous phase-dependent promoters in Bacillus subtilis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:4151-4161. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Ji S, Li W, Baloch AR, Wang M, Li H, Cao B, Zhang H. Efficient biosynthesis of a Cecropin A-melittin mutant in Bacillus subtilis WB700. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40587. [PMID: 28071737 PMCID: PMC5223193 DOI: 10.1038/srep40587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficient production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) for clinical applications has attracted the attention of the scientific community. To develop a novel microbial cell factory for the efficient biosynthesis of a cecropin A-melittin mutant (CAM-W), a recombinant Bacillus subtilis WB700 expression system was genetically modified with a novel vector, including a fusion gene encoding CAM-W, the autoprotease EDDIE and the signal peptide SacB under the control of the maltose-inducible promoter Pglv. A total of 159 mg of CAM-W was obtained from 1 L of fermentation supernatant. The purified CAM-W showed a consistent size with the expected molecular weight of 3.2 kDa. Our findings suggest that this novel expression system can be used as a powerful tool for the efficient production of CAM-W.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyue Ji
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Weili Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Abdul Rasheed Baloch
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hengxin Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Binyun Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
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14
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Effect of Linker Length and Flexibility on the Clostridium thermocellum Esterase Displayed on Bacillus subtilis Spores. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 182:168-180. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2318-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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15
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Enhancement of extracellular expression of Bacillus naganoensis pullulanase from recombinant Bacillus subtilis: Effects of promoter and host. Protein Expr Purif 2016; 124:23-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Optimal secretion of alkali-tolerant xylanase in Bacillus subtilis by signal peptide screening. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:8745-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7615-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Zhang L, Xu Y, Gao J, Xu H, Cao C, Xue F, Ding G, Peng Y. Introduction of the exogenous NADH coenzyme regeneration system and its influence on intracellular metabolic flux of Paenibacillus polymyxa. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 201:319-328. [PMID: 26687492 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The NAD(+)-dependent formate dehydrogenase (FDH) gene from Candida boidinii was introduced into Paenibacillus polymyxa ZJ-9. The effects of this exogenous gene on the growth of the recombinant strain P. polymyxa XG-1, FDH activity, intracellular NADH and NAD(+) level and the synthesis of R,R-2,3-butanediol (R,R-2,3-BD) were determined. Results from the fermentation in the 7.5L bioreactor showed that the exogenous FDH was highly expressed in the recombinant strain. The titers of NADH, lactic acid, ethanol, NADH/NAD(+), and CO2 excretion rate (CER) of the recombinant strain increased considerably, while acetoin and formic acid decreased significantly. The highest titers of R,R-2,3-BD by the recombinant strain in batch and fed-batch fermentation were 36.8g/L and 51.3g/L, increased 10.2% and 8.0% compared with the parent strain, respectively. This study confirmed that coenzyme regeneration system can manipulate substance metabolism in bacteria, and is an efficient way for promoting the synthesis of NADH-dependent products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Youyong Xu
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China.
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Can Cao
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Feng Xue
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Ge Ding
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Yingyun Peng
- School of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
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18
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Chen H, Zhang T, Sun T, Ni Z, Le Y, Tian R, Chen Z, Zhang C. Clostridium thermocellum Nitrilase Expression and Surface Display on Bacillus subtilis Spores. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 25:381-7. [DOI: 10.1159/000441642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrilases are an important class of industrial enzymes. They require mild reaction conditions and are highly efficient and environmentally friendly, so they are used to catalyze the synthesis of carboxylic acid from nitrile, a process considered superior to conventional chemical syntheses. Nitrilases should be immobilized to overcome difficulties in recovery after the reaction and to stabilize the free enzyme. The nitrilase from<i> Clostridium thermocellum</i> was expressed, identified and displayed on the surface of <i>Bacillus subtilis </i>spores by using the spore coat protein G of <i>B. subtilis </i>as an anchoring motif. In a free state, the recombinant nitrilase catalyzed the conversion of 3-cyanopyridine to niacin and displayed maximum catalytic activity (8.22 units/mg protein) at 40°C and pH 7.4. SDS-PAGE and Western blot were used to confirm nitrilase display. Compared with the free enzyme, the spore-immobilized nitrilase showed a higher tolerance for adverse environmental conditions. After the reaction, recombinant spores were recovered via centrifugation and reused 3 times to catalyze the conversion of 3-cyanopyridine with 75.3% nitrilase activity. This study demonstrates an effective means of nitrilase immobilization via spore surface display, which can be applied in biological processes or conversion.
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19
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Recombinant secretory expression, purification and antimicrobial activity of PR39 in Bacillus subtilis using a maltose-inducible vector. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Zhang L, Li X, Wei D, Wang J, Shan A, Li Z. Expression of plectasin in Bacillus subtilis using SUMO technology by a maltose-inducible vector. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 42:1369-76. [PMID: 26299602 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-015-1673-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Plectasin, the first fungus defensin, is especially efficient against Gram-positive bacteria. To explore an effective approach for expressing plectasin in Bacillus subtilis, the sequence encoding plectasin fused with the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) gene, the 6 × His gene and the signal peptide of SacB were cloned into an E. coli-B. subtilis shuttle vector pGJ148 in which the maltose utilization operon promoter Pglv directed the expression. The fusion protein successfully secreted in culture and approximately, 41 mg of the recombinant fusion protein SUMO-plectasin was purified per liter of culture supernatant. After purification by Ni-NTA resin column and digestion by SUMO protease, 5.5 mg of plectasin with a purity of 94 % was obtained from 1 L fermentation culture. Recombinant plectasin was found inhibition activity against S. pneumoniae, S. aureus and S. epidermidis. These results indicate that the maltose-induced expression system may be a safe and efficient way for the large-scale production of soluble peptides in B. subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licong Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Dandan Wei
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Zhongyu Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
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21
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Surface display of the thermophilic lipase Tm1350 on the spore of Bacillus subtilis by the CotB anchor protein. Extremophiles 2015; 19:799-808. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-015-0755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Ji S, Li W, Baloch AR, Wang M, Cao B. Improved production of sublancin via introduction of three characteristic promoters into operon clusters responsible for this novel distinct glycopeptide biosynthesis. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:17. [PMID: 25879813 PMCID: PMC4336743 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0201-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sublancin is a novel and distinct antimicrobial glycopeptide that can be used as an alternative to conventional antibiotics. The reported production of sublancin by Bacillus subtilis 168 is poor because transcriptional regulatory circuit of sunA, a gene that encodes presublancin, is complex and difficult to control. Results A strong inducible and easy to control vegetative σA promoter of Pglv was introduced to replace that of sunA in situ in B. subtilis 1A747 [SPβc, prototroph, the derivative of B. subtilis 168 (trpC2)]. Meanwhile, other two strong promoters of P43 and PluxS were respectively placed before sunI and sunT–bdbA–sunS–bdbB, encoding five functional proteins that involved in the biosynthesis of mature sublancin. 642 mg sublancin was obtained from 1 L culture supernatant of recombinant B. subtilis 1A747 strains. Analysises of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and circular dichroism spectrum showed that mature sublancin had a molecular weight of 3877.642 Da and displayed a α–helical conformation that are consistent with reported results. In addition, the mature sublancin was proved to be a potent antimicrobial glycopeptide with broad activity spectrum, moderate cytotoxicity and good conditional stability under high temperature, extreme pH and protease–rich environments, thus showing its potential for clinical applications. Conclusions Our present findings suggest that recombinant B. subtilis 1A747 strains can effectively and efficiently biosynthesize mature sublancin. The replacement of native promoters provides an extra method for production improvement of some other complicated peptides such as nisin and subtilin. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-015-0201-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyue Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
| | - Weili Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
| | - Abdul Rasheed Baloch
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
| | - Binyun Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
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Jajesniak P, Seng Wong T. From genetic circuits to industrial-scale biomanufacturing: bacterial promoters as a cornerstone of biotechnology. AIMS BIOENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.3934/bioeng.2015.3.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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24
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Nathan S, Nair M. Engineering a repression-free catabolite-enhanced expression system for a thermophilic alpha-amylase from Bacillus licheniformis MSG. J Biotechnol 2013; 168:394-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Yang M, Zhang W, Ji S, Cao P, Chen Y, Zhao X. Generation of an artificial double promoter for protein expression in Bacillus subtilis through a promoter trap system. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56321. [PMID: 23409173 PMCID: PMC3568030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is an attractive host for production of recombinant proteins. Promoters and expression plasmid backbones have direct impacts on the efficiency of gene expression. To screen and isolate strong promoters, a promoter trap vector pShuttleF was developed in this study. Using the vector, approximately 1000 colonies containing likely promoters from Bacillus licheniformis genomic DNA were obtained. Amongst them, pShuttle-09 exhibited the highest β-Gal activities in both Escherichia coli and B. subtilis. The activity of pShuttle-09 in B. subtilis was eight times of that of the P43 promoter, a commonly used strong promoter for B. subtilis. A sequence analysis showed that pShuttle-09 contained PluxS and truncated luxS in-frame fused with the reporter gene as well as another fragment upstream of PluxS containing a putative promoter. This putative promoter was a hybrid promoter and its β-Gal activity was higher than PluxS. Reconstructing the hybrid promoter from pShuttle-09 to PlapS further improved the β-Gal production by 60%. The usefulness of our promoter trap system is likely due to random shuffling and recombination of DNA fragments and adoption of a rapid and high-throughput screening. Thus, our data provide additional evidence to support the concept of using a promoter trap system to create new promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengyue Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pinghua Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (YC); (XZ)
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail: (YC); (XZ)
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Gu X, Li C, Cai Y, Dong H, Xu W, Tian H, Yang J. Construction of Lactococcus lactis thyA-null using the Red recombination system. ANN MICROBIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-012-0548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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27
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Zhang WW, Gao QR, Yang MM, Liu H, Wang D. Assay and characterization of an osmolarity inducible promoter newly isolated from Bacillus subtilis. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:7347-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1566-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Heravi KM, Wenzel M, Altenbuchner J. Regulation of mtl operon promoter of Bacillus subtilis: requirements of its use in expression vectors. Microb Cell Fact 2011; 10:83. [PMID: 22014119 PMCID: PMC3217849 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-10-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several vector systems have been developed to express any gene desired to be studied in Bacillus subtilis. Among them, the transcriptionally regulated promoters involved in carbohydrate utilization are a research priority. Expression systems based on Bacillus promoters for xylose, maltose, and mannose utilization, as well as on the heterologous E. coli lactose promoter, have been successfully constructed. The promoter of the mtlAFD operon for utilization of mannitol is another promising candidate for its use in expression vectors. In this study, we investigated the regulation of the mtl genes in order to identify the elements needed to construct a strong mannitol inducible expression system in B. subtilis. Results Regulation of the promoters of mtlAFD operon (PmtlA) and mtlR (PmtlR) encoding the activator were investigated by fusion to lacZ. Identification of the PmtlA and PmtlR transcription start sites revealed the σA like promoter structures. Also, the operator of PmtlA was determined by shortening, nucleotide exchange, and alignment of PmtlA and PmtlR operator regions. Deletion of the mannitol-specific PTS genes (mtlAF) resulted in PmtlA constitutive expression demonstrating the inhibitory effect of EIICBMtl and EIIAMtl on MtlR in the absence of mannitol. Disruption of mtlD made the cells sensitive to mannitol and glucitol. Both PmtlA and PmtlR were influenced by carbon catabolite repression (CCR). However, a CcpA deficient mutant showed only a slight reduction in PmtlR catabolite repression. Similarly, using PgroE as a constitutive promoter, putative cre sites of PmtlA and PmtlR slightly reduced the promoter activity in the presence of glucose. In contrast, glucose repression of PmtlA and PmtlR was completely abolished in a ΔptsG mutant and significantly reduced in a MtlR (H342D) mutant. Conclusions The mtl operon promoter (PmtlA) is a strong promoter that reached a maximum of 13,000 Miller units with lacZ as a reporter on low copy plasmids. It is tightly regulated by just one copy of the mtlR gene on the chromosome and subject to CCR. CCR can be switched off by mutations in MtlR and the glucose transporter. These properties and the low costs of the inducers, i.e. mannitol and glucitol, make the promoter ideal for designing regulated expression systems.
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Production of N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid by use of an efficient spore surface display system. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:3197-201. [PMID: 21441321 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00151-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) via biocatalysis is traditionally conducted using isolated enzymes or whole cells. The use of isolated enzymes is restricted by the time-consuming purification process, whereas the application of whole cells is limited by the permeability barrier presented by the microbial cell membrane. In this study, a novel type of biocatalyst, Neu5Ac aldolase presented on the surface of Bacillus subtilis spores, was used for the production of Neu5Ac. Under optimal conditions, Neu5Ac at a high concentration (54.7 g liter⁻¹) and a high yield (90.2%) was obtained under a 5-fold excess of pyruvate over N-acetyl-D-mannosamine. The novel biocatalyst system, which is able to express and immobilize the target enzyme simultaneously on the surface of B. subtilis spores, represents a suitable alternative for value-added chemical production.
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Ming YM, Wei ZW, Lin CY, Sheng GY. Development of a Bacillus subtilis expression system using the improved Pglv promoter. Microb Cell Fact 2010; 9:55. [PMID: 20618987 PMCID: PMC2908567 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-9-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background B. subtilis is an important organism in the biotechnological application. The efficient expression system is desirable in production of recombinant gene products in B. subtilis. Recently, we developed a new inducible expression system in B. subtilis, which directed by B. subtilis maltose utilization operon promoter Pglv. The system demonstrated high-level expression for target proteins in B. subtilis when induced by maltose. However, the system was markedly repressed by glucose. This limited the application of the system as a high-expression tool in biotechnology field. The aim of this study was to further improve the Pglv promoter system and enhance its expression strength. Results Here, site-directed mutagenesis was facilitated to enhance the expression strength of Pglv. The transcription level from four mutants was increased. Production of β-Gal from the mutants reached the maximum 1.8 times as high as that of wildtype promoter. When induced by 5% maltose, the production of β-Gal from two mutants reached 14.3 U/ml and 13.8 U/ml, 63.5% and 57.5% higher than wildtype promoter (8.8 U/ml) respectively. Thus, site-directed mutagenesis alleviated the repression of glucose and improved the expression activity. To further improve the promoter system, the B. subtilis expression host was reconstructed, in which B. subtilis well-characterized constitutive promoter P43 replaced the promoter of the glv operon in B. subtilis chromosome through a double crossover event. The β-galactosidase production from the improved system (21.1 U/mL) increased compared to that from origin system. Meanwhile, the repression caused by glucose was further alleviated. Conclusions In this study, we obtained a mutated promoter Pglv-M1 through site-directed mutagenesis, which demonstrated high expression strength and alleviated the repression caused by glucose. Moreover, we alleviated the repression and enhanced the expression activity of the Pglv-M1 promoter system via reconstruction of the B. subtilis host. Thus, we provided a valuable expression system in B. subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang M Ming
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Use of a new catabolite repression resistant promoter isolated from Bacillus subtilis KCC103 for hyper-production of recombinant enzymes. Protein Expr Purif 2010; 70:122-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2009.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Revised: 09/29/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Yang MM, Zhang WW, Bai XT, Li HX, Cen PL. Electroporation is a feasible method to introduce circularized or linearized DNA into B. subtilis chromosome. Mol Biol Rep 2009; 37:2207-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-009-9704-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Accepted: 07/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Development and application of a novel signal peptide probe vector with PGA as reporter in Bacillus subtilis WB700: twenty-four tat pathway signal peptides from Bacillus subtilis were monitored. Mol Biotechnol 2008; 39:225-30. [PMID: 18253868 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-008-9030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Accepted: 12/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have developed a novel, versatile signal peptide probe vector driven by promoter P43 in Bacillus subtilis WB700, using Penicillin G Acylase (PGA) as reporter. Twenty-four signal peptides considered belonging to twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway were cloned into the probe vector to direct the secretion expression of PGA, respectively. Through 6-nitro-3-phenylacetamidobenzoic acid (NIPAB) filter paper assay, four signal peptides (AmyX, AlbB, LipA, and YmzC) were chosen for further investigation. The extracellular production of PGA demonstrated that these recombinants mediated efficient secretion expression in B. subtilis WB700, in which the maximum activity reached 0.11, 0.21, 0.08, and 0.26 U/mL, respectively. Thus, we provided an efficient tool for easy detection of the signal peptides in B. subtilis, and demonstrated the efficiency of Tat pathway signal peptides via PGA secretion in B. subtilis WB700.
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Li W, Li HX, Ji SY, Li S, Gong YS, Yang MM, Chen YL. Characterization of two temperature-inducible promoters newly isolated from B. subtilis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 358:1148-53. [PMID: 17521615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2007] [Accepted: 05/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here, two temperature sensitive promoters, P2 and P7, isolated from Bacillus subtilis, were characterized. The production of beta-galactosidase driven by these promoters was much higher at 45 degrees C than that at 37 degrees C both in Escherichia coli and B. subtilis and that the P2 promoter showed higher expression strength in B. subtilis at 45 degrees C. Thereby, an efficient temperature-inducible expression system was constructed by using P2 promoter in B. subtilis. Thus, we isolated and characterized a newly temperature inducible promoter and exploited it as a potential expression element in B. subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
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Zhang AL, Liu H, Yang MM, Gong YS, Chen H. Assay and characterization of a strong promoter element from B. subtilis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 354:90-5. [PMID: 17210127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.12.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2006] [Accepted: 12/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A new strong promoter fragment isolated from Bacillus subtilis was identified and characterized. Using the heat stable beta-galactosidase as reporter, the promoter fragment exhibited high expression strength both in Escherichia coli and B. subtilis. The typical prokaryotic promoter conservation regions were found in the promoter fragment and the putative promoter was identified as the control element of yxiE gene via sequencing assay and predication of promoter. To further verify and characterize the cloned strong promoter, the putative promoter was sub-cloned and the beta-Gal directed by the promoters was high-level expressed both in E. coli and B. subtilis. By means of the isolated promoter, an efficient expression system was developed in B. subtilis and the benefit and usefulness was demonstrated through expression of three heterologous and homogenous proteins. Thus, we identified a newly strong promoter of B. subtilis and provided a robust expression system for genetic engineering of B. subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Ling Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
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