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de Groot M, Kozamernik E, Kermavnar J, Kolšek M, Marinšek A, Nève Repe A, Kutnar L. Importance of Habitat Context in Modelling Risk Maps for Two Established Invasive Alien Plant Species: The Case of Ailanthus altissima and Phytolacca americana in Slovenia (Europe). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:883. [PMID: 38592890 PMCID: PMC10974566 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Forests are important ecosystems that face threats from climate change and global environmental shifts, with invasive alien plant species being a significant concern. Some of these invasive species have already become established, while others are in the process of naturalisation. Although forests are a relatively stable ecosystem, extreme weather events increase their vulnerability to change, and clearings left after natural disturbances are particularly susceptible to invasion by alien plant species (IAPS). We created risk maps of two species that have spread rapidly in the last decade: American pokeweed (Phytolacca americana) and the tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima). We prepared a generalised linear model based on the occurrence data collected within the LIFE ARTEMIS project. Eleven environmental variables were used to determine habitat characteristics. We constructed two models for each species: one covering the entirety of Slovenia and the other specifically for the forested areas in Slovenia, with the latter incorporating forest-specific variables (such as forest sanitation felling and monocultures). We observed the presence of both species at lower altitudes and in close proximity to water sources. American pokeweed tends to occur nearer to railways, while the presence of the tree of heaven is associated with areas lacking carbonate parent material and influenced by land use patterns. In forested areas, the occurrence of American pokeweed is influenced by forest habitat characteristics, such as disturbances caused by extreme weather events or the prevalence of Norway spruce monocultures. In contrast, the occurrence of the tree of heaven is influenced by more general environmental variables, such as altitude and proximity to railways. Consequently, we have generated risk maps for the entirety of Slovenia and separately for forested areas, both of which indicate similar levels of risk, particularly for the tree of heaven. The risk map for American pokeweed highlights numerous vulnerable areas, especially forest edges, which are highly susceptible to invasion. Furthermore, there is a higher likelihood of this species occurring in areas that have undergone sanitation felling. This study suggests that the production of risk maps of IAPS could be improved by focussing on habitat types and taking into account habitat-specific variables. This approach could enhance the early detection and management of these invasive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten de Groot
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (E.K.); (J.K.); (A.M.); (L.K.)
| | - Erika Kozamernik
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (E.K.); (J.K.); (A.M.); (L.K.)
| | - Janez Kermavnar
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (E.K.); (J.K.); (A.M.); (L.K.)
| | - Marija Kolšek
- Slovenia Forest Service, Večna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.K.); (A.N.R.)
| | - Aleksander Marinšek
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (E.K.); (J.K.); (A.M.); (L.K.)
| | - Andreja Nève Repe
- Slovenia Forest Service, Večna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.K.); (A.N.R.)
| | - Lado Kutnar
- Slovenian Forestry Institute, Večna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (E.K.); (J.K.); (A.M.); (L.K.)
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Harper M, Rytwinski T, Cooke SJ. Patterns and Pitfalls of Short-cuts Used in Environmental Management Rapid Reviews. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 73:457-469. [PMID: 37922103 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-023-01901-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Environmental managers and policy-makers need reliable evidence to make effective decisions. Systematic reviews are one way to provide this information but are time-consuming and may not meet the needs of decision-makers when faced with rapidly changing management requirements or transient policy-windows. Rapid reviews are one type of knowledge synthesis that follow simplified or truncated methods compared to systematic reviews. Rapid reviews on environmentally-relevant topics are growing in prevalence, but it is unclear if rapid reviews use similar short-cuts or follow available guidelines. In this methodological review, we assess 26 rapid reviews published between 2002 and 2023. Numerous rapid review short-cuts and approaches were identified, with few consistencies among studies. Short-cuts were present in all stages of the review process, with some of the most common short-cuts including not developing an a priori review protocol, not including stakeholder involvement, or not conducting critical appraisal of study validity. Poor quality in reporting of methods was observed. Fewer than half of assessed rapid reviews reported using available guidelines when developing their methods. Future rapid reviews should aim for improved reporting and adherence to published guidelines to help increase the useability and evidence-user confidence. This will also enable readers to understand where short-cuts were made and their potential consequences for the conclusions of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan Harper
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Canadian Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation, Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Trina Rytwinski
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation, Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Evidence-Based Conservation, Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Contos P, Murphy NP, Gibb H. Whole-of-community invertebrate rewilding: Leaf litter transplants rapidly increase beetle diversity during restoration. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 33:e2779. [PMID: 36398530 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Restoration of degraded areas is now a central tool in humanity's response to continued species-loss. However, restoration projects often report exceedingly slow or failed recolonization of fauna, especially dispersal-constrained groups such as invertebrates. Active interventions via reintroducing or "rewilding" invertebrates may assist recolonization and speed up restoration of communities toward a desired target. However, invertebrate rewilding is rarely implemented during ecological restoration. Here, we studied the efficacy of invertebrate rewilding as a means of reintroducing dispersal-constrained species and improving diversity and compositional similarities to remnant communities during restoration. Rewilding was conducted by transplanting leaf litter and soil, including associated communities of invertebrates from species rich remnant sites into species poor, and geographically isolated, revegetated farmland sites. We sampled pre- and post-rewilding invertebrate communities in remnant, rewilded revegetation, and control revegetation sites. We analyzed morphospecies richness, abundance, community composition, and modeled morphospecies traits (dispersal method/trophic guild) using a Hierarchical Modelling of Species Communities approach to determine which biological properties facilitated establishment. Beetle (Coleoptera) morphospecies richness increased rapidly in rewilded sites and was indistinguishable from remnant communities as early as 7 months post-rewilding. Beetle community similarity in the rewilding sites significantly deviated from the control sites 27 months post-rewilding, however remnant communities remained distinct over the study timeframe. Establishment success varied as other taxa did not respond as consistently as beetles within the study timeframe. Furthermore, there were no discernible shifts in dispersal traits in rewilded sites. However, predatory morphospecies were more likely to establish post-rewilding than other trophic groups. Our results demonstrate that the relatively simple act of transplanting leaf litter can result in comparatively large increases in morphospecies richness during restoration in a short timeframe. We advocate methodologies such as ours should be adopted more frequently to address failed community restoration as they are cost-effective and can be easily applied by practitioners in various restoration settings. However, further efficacy tests (e.g., varying the number of rewilding events) and longer study timeframes are needed to ensure effectiveness for a broader range of invertebrate taxa and ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Contos
- Department of Environment and Genetics, and Centre for Future Landscapes, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine, and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas P Murphy
- Department of Environment and Genetics, and Centre for Future Landscapes, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine, and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heloise Gibb
- Department of Environment and Genetics, and Centre for Future Landscapes, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine, and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Li W, Wang Z, He S. Effects of species richness and nutrient availability on the invasibility of experimental microalgal microcosms. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Vilardo G, Faccoli M, Corley JC, Lantschner MV. Factors driving historic intercontinental invasions of European pine bark beetles. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02818-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Krivak-Tetley FE, Sullivan-Stack J, Garnas JR, Zylstra KE, Höger LO, Lombardero MJ, Liebhold AM, Ayres MP. Demography of an invading forest insect reunited with hosts and parasitoids from its native range. NEOBIOTA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.72.75392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The Sirex woodwasp Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), a widespread invasive pest of pines in the Southern Hemisphere, was first detected in North America in 2004. This study assessed the impacts of life history traits, host resistance and species interactions on the demography of S. noctilio in New York, Pennsylvania and Vermont, then compared key metrics to those found in the native range in Galicia, Spain. Many trees naturally attacked by S. noctilio in North America produced no adult woodwasps, with 5 of 38 infested trees (13%) sampled across six sites yielding 64% of emerging insects. Reproductive success was highest in the introduced host scots pine, Pinus sylvestris, but native red pine, Pinus resinosa, produced larger insects. Sirex noctilio required one or sometimes two years to develop and sex ratios were male biased, 1:2.98 ♀:♂. Body size and fecundity were highly variable, but generally lower than observed in non-native populations in the Southern Hemisphere. Hymenopteran parasitoids killed approximately 20% of S. noctilio larvae and 63% of emerging adults were colonized by the parasitic nematode Deladenus siricidicola, although no nematodes entered eggs. Demographic models suggested that S. noctilio in the northeastern USA have a higher potential for population growth than populations in the native range: estimated finite factor of increase, λ, was 4.17–4.52 (depending on tree species colonized), compared to λ = 1.57 in Spain.
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Rossignaud L, Kimberley MO, Kelly D, Fei S, Brockerhoff EG. Effects of competition and habitat heterogeneity on native‐exotic plant richness relationships across spatial scales. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dave Kelly
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Songlin Fei
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA
| | - Eckehard G. Brockerhoff
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
- Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute) Christchurch New Zealand
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland
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Forest canopy resists plant invasions: a case study of Chromolaena odorata in Sal (Shorea robusta) forests of Nepal. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467421000456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Invasive alien species are a major threat to global biodiversity due to the tremendous ecological and economic damage they cause in forestry, agriculture, wetlands, and pastoral resources. Understanding the spatial pattern of invasive alien species and disentangling the biophysical drivers of invasion at the forest stand level is essential for managing forest ecosystems and the wider landscape. However, forest-level and species-specific information on Invasive Alien Plant Species (IAPS) abundance and their spatial extent are largely lacking. In this context, we analysed the cover of one of the world’s worst invasive plants, Chromolaena odorata, in Sal (Shorea robusta) forest in central Nepal. Vegetation was sampled in four community forests using 0.01 ha square quadrats, covering the forest edge to the interior. C. odorata cover, floral richness, tree density, forest canopy cover, shrub cover, tree basal area, and disturbances were measured in each plot. We also explored forest and IAPS management practices in community forests. C. odorata cover was negatively correlated with forest canopy cover, distance to the road, angle of slope, and shrub cover. Tree canopy cover had the largest effect on C. odorata cover. No pattern of C. odorata cover was seen along native species richness gradients. In conclusion, forest canopy cover is the overriding biotic covariate suppressing C. odorata cover in Sal forests.
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Rodgers VL, Scanga SE, Kolozsvary MB, Garneau DE, Kilgore JS, Anderson LJ, Hopfensperger KN, Aguilera AG, Urban RA, Juneau KJ. OUP accepted manuscript. Bioscience 2022; 72:521-537. [PMID: 35677290 PMCID: PMC9169898 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasive plant Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) has spread throughout forest understory and edge communities in much of North America, but its persistence, density, and impacts have varied across sites and time. Surveying the literature since 2008, we evaluated both previously proposed and new mechanisms for garlic mustard's invasion success and note how they interact and vary across ecological contexts. We analyzed how and where garlic mustard has been studied and found a lack of multisite and longitudinal studies, as well as regions that may be under- or overstudied, leading to poor representation for understanding and predicting future invasion dynamics. Inconsistencies in how sampling units are scaled and defined can also hamper our understanding of invasive species. We present new conceptual models for garlic mustard invasion from a macrosystems perspective, emphasizing the importance of synergies and feedbacks among mechanisms across spatial and temporal scales to produce variable ecological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Danielle E Garneau
- State University of New York Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, New York, United States
| | - Jason S Kilgore
- Washington and Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania, United States
| | | | | | | | - Rebecca A Urban
- Lebanon Valley College, Annville, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kevyn J Juneau
- University of Wisconsin–River Falls, River Falls, Wisconsin, United States
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Neinavaie F, Ibrahim-Hashim A, Kramer AM, Brown JS, Richards CL. The Genomic Processes of Biological Invasions: From Invasive Species to Cancer Metastases and Back Again. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.681100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of invasion is useful across a broad range of contexts, spanning from the fine scale landscape of cancer tumors up to the broader landscape of ecosystems. Invasion biology provides extraordinary opportunities for studying the mechanistic basis of contemporary evolution at the molecular level. Although the field of invasion genetics was established in ecology and evolution more than 50 years ago, there is still a limited understanding of how genomic level processes translate into invasive phenotypes across different taxa in response to complex environmental conditions. This is largely because the study of most invasive species is limited by information about complex genome level processes. We lack good reference genomes for most species. Rigorous studies to examine genomic processes are generally too costly. On the contrary, cancer studies are fortified with extensive resources for studying genome level dynamics and the interactions among genetic and non-genetic mechanisms. Extensive analysis of primary tumors and metastatic samples have revealed the importance of several genomic mechanisms including higher mutation rates, specific types of mutations, aneuploidy or whole genome doubling and non-genetic effects. Metastatic sites can be directly compared to primary tumor cell counterparts. At the same time, clonal dynamics shape the genomics and evolution of metastatic cancers. Clonal diversity varies by cancer type, and the tumors’ donor and recipient tissues. Still, the cancer research community has been unable to identify any common events that provide a universal predictor of “metastatic potential” which parallels findings in evolutionary ecology. Instead, invasion in cancer studies depends strongly on context, including order of events and clonal composition. The detailed studies of the behavior of a variety of human cancers promises to inform our understanding of genome level dynamics in the diversity of invasive species and provide novel insights for management.
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Kusumoto B, Kubota Y, Shiono T, Villalobos F. Biogeographical origin effects on exotic plants colonization in the insular flora of Japan. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02550-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Guo Q, Cen X, Song R, McKinney ML, Wang D. Worldwide effects of non-native species on species-area relationships. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2021; 35:711-721. [PMID: 32557812 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-native species have invaded most parts of the world, and the invasion process is expected to continue and accelerate. Because many invading non-native species are likely to become permanent inhabitants, future consideration of species-area relationships (SARs) should account for non-native species, either separately or jointly with native species. If non-native species occupy unused niches and space in invaded areas and extinction rate of native species remains low (especially for plants), the resultant SARs (with both native and non-native species) will likely be stronger. We used published and newly compiled data (35 data sets worldwide) to examine how species invasions affect SARs across selected taxonomic groups and diverse ecosystems around the world. We first examined the SARs for native, non-native, and all species. We then investigated with linear regression analyses and paired or unpaired t tests how degree of invasion (proportion of non-native species) affected postinvasion SARs. Postinvasion SARs for all species (native plus non-native) became significantly stronger as degree of invasion increased (r2 = 0.31, p = 0.0006), thus, reshaping SARs worldwide. Overall, native species still showed stronger and less variable SARs. Also, slopes for native species were steeper than for non-native species (0.298 vs. 0.153). There were some differences among non-native taxonomic groups in filling new niches (especially for birds) and between islands and mainland ecosystems. We also found evidence that invasions may increase equilibrial diversity. Study of such changing species-area curves may help determine the probability of future invasions and have practical implications for conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinfeng Guo
- USDA FS, Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, RTP, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Cen
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Ruiyan Song
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Michael L McKinney
- Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, University of Tennesse, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Deli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, and Institute of Grassland Science/School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China
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Pshegusov RH, Chadaeva VA. Proliferation of Alien Plant Species in Forest Communities of the Khosta Yew–Boxwood Grove of the Caucasus Nature Reserve after the Destruction of Buxus colchica Pojark. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s2075111721010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zamora-Nasca LB, Dimarco RD, Nassini D, Alvear PA, Mayoral A, Nuñez MA, Relva MA. Sheep feeding preference as a tool to control pine invasion in Patagonia: influence of foliar toughness, terpenoids and resin content. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12113. [PMID: 32694547 PMCID: PMC7374590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbivores modulate the structure and composition of plant communities, including plant invasions. This is conditioned by plant palatability which can be reduced by its chemical or physical traits. The effects that ungulates browsing has on pine invasions are variable and the empirical evidence on the causes of this variability is scarce. We experimentally explored how sheep browsing preference varies between seedlings of pine species with different invasiveness; Pinus contorta (high invasiveness), P. ponderosa (medium invasiveness), P. radiata (medium invasiveness) and P. jeffreyi (low invasiveness). Secondly, we quantified anti-herbivory chemical compounds and physical traits of these species and related them with sheep preference observed. The browsing incidence of P. contorta was 68%, P. ponderosa 58%, P. radiata 29%, and P. jeffreyi 84%. Among anti-herbivory traits analyzed, α-pinene concentration had a negative effect on the probability of a terminal bud being browsed and on browsing intensity. Meanwhile, foliar toughness was negatively related to browsing intensity and water concentration was positively related to browsing intensity. Also, the most invasive species, P. contorta, was highly damaged. Thus, sheep herbivory could be slowing pine invasion rate; suggesting that could be considered a tool to control early invasions, especially for this particular species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía B Zamora-Nasca
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente, CONICET - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Romina D Dimarco
- Grupo de Ecología de Poblaciones de Insectos, IFAB (INTA - CONICET), Modesta Victoria 4450, 8400, Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
| | - Daniela Nassini
- Departamento de Fisicoquímica y Control de Calidad. Complejo Tecnológico Pilcaniyeu, CNEA, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Pablo A Alvear
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente, CONICET - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Ariel Mayoral
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente, CONICET - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Martin A Nuñez
- Grupo Ecología de Invasiones. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente, CONICET - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - M Andrea Relva
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente, CONICET - Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
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Hitt NP, Rogers KM, Kelly ZA, Henesy J, Mullican JE. Fish life history trends indicate increasing flow stochasticity in an unregulated river. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel P. Hitt
- U.S. Geological Survey Leetown Science Center 11649 Leetown Road Kearneysville West Virginia 25430 USA
| | - Karli M. Rogers
- U.S. Geological Survey Leetown Science Center 11649 Leetown Road Kearneysville West Virginia 25430 USA
| | - Zachary A. Kelly
- U.S. Geological Survey Leetown Science Center 11649 Leetown Road Kearneysville West Virginia 25430 USA
| | - Josh Henesy
- Freshwater Fisheries Program Maryland Department of Natural Resources 20901 Fish Hatchery Road Hagerstown Maryland 21740 USA
| | - John E. Mullican
- Freshwater Fisheries Program Maryland Department of Natural Resources 20901 Fish Hatchery Road Hagerstown Maryland 21740 USA
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Beaury EM, Finn JT, Corbin JD, Barr V, Bradley BA. Biotic resistance to invasion is ubiquitous across ecosystems of the United States. Ecol Lett 2019; 23:476-482. [PMID: 31875651 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The biotic resistance hypothesis predicts that diverse native communities are more resistant to invasion. However, past studies vary in their support for this hypothesis due to an apparent contradiction between experimental studies, which support biotic resistance, and observational studies, which find that native and non-native species richness are positively related at broad scales (small-scale studies are more variable). Here, we present a novel analysis of the biotic resistance hypothesis using 24 456 observations of plant richness spanning four community types and seven ecoregions of the United States. Non-native plant occurrence was negatively related to native plant richness across all community types and ecoregions, although the strength of biotic resistance varied across different ecological, anthropogenic and climatic contexts. Our results strongly support the biotic resistance hypothesis, thus reconciling differences between experimental and observational studies and providing evidence for the shared benefits between invasive species management and native biodiversity conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn M Beaury
- Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - John T Finn
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Corbin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Union College, Schenectady, NY, USA
| | - Valerie Barr
- Department of Computer Science, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA, USA
| | - Bethany A Bradley
- Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.,Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
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Mech AM, Thomas KA, Marsico TD, Herms DA, Allen CR, Ayres MP, Gandhi KJK, Gurevitch J, Havill NP, Hufbauer RA, Liebhold AM, Raffa KF, Schulz AN, Uden DR, Tobin PC. Evolutionary history predicts high-impact invasions by herbivorous insects. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:12216-12230. [PMID: 31832155 PMCID: PMC6854116 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A long-standing goal of invasion biology is to identify factors driving highly variable impacts of non-native species. Although hypotheses exist that emphasize the role of evolutionary history (e.g., enemy release hypothesis & defense-free space hypothesis), predicting the impact of non-native herbivorous insects has eluded scientists for over a century.Using a census of all 58 non-native conifer-specialist insects in North America, we quantified the contribution of over 25 factors that could affect the impact they have on their novel hosts, including insect traits (fecundity, voltinism, native range, etc.), host traits (shade tolerance, growth rate, wood density, etc.), and evolutionary relationships (between native and novel hosts and insects).We discovered that divergence times between native and novel hosts, the shade and drought tolerance of the novel host, and the presence of a coevolved congener on a shared host, were more predictive of impact than the traits of the invading insect. These factors built upon each other to strengthen our ability to predict the risk of a non-native insect becoming invasive. This research is the first to empirically support historically assumed hypotheses about the importance of evolutionary history as a major driver of impact of non-native herbivorous insects.Our novel, integrated model predicts whether a non-native insect not yet present in North America will have a one in 6.5 to a one in 2,858 chance of causing widespread mortality of a conifer species if established (R 2 = 0.91) Synthesis and applications. With this advancement, the risk to other conifer host species and regions can be assessed, and regulatory and pest management efforts can be more efficiently prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Mech
- School of Environmental and Forest SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashington
| | - Kathryn A. Thomas
- Southwest Biological Science CenterU.S. Geological SurveyTucsonArizona
| | - Travis D. Marsico
- Department of Biological SciencesArkansas State UniversityJonesboroArkansas
| | | | - Craig R. Allen
- Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife UnitSchool of Natural ResourcesU.S. Geological SurveyUniversity of Nebraska‐LincolnLincolnNebraska
| | - Matthew P. Ayres
- Department of Biological SciencesDartmouth CollegeHanoverNew Hampshire
| | - Kamal J. K. Gandhi
- D.B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia
| | - Jessica Gurevitch
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNew York
| | | | - Ruth A. Hufbauer
- Department of Bioagricultural Science and Pest ManagementColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado
| | | | | | - Ashley N. Schulz
- Department of Biological SciencesArkansas State UniversityJonesboroArkansas
| | - Daniel R. Uden
- Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife UnitDepartment of Agronomy and HorticultureSchool of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Nebraska‐LincolnLincolnNebraska
| | - Patrick C. Tobin
- School of Environmental and Forest SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashington
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18
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Zamora-Nasca LB, Relva MA, Núñez MA. Ungulate browsing on introduced pines differs between plant communities: Implications for invasion process and management. AUSTRAL ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía B. Zamora-Nasca
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente; CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Quintral 1250 8400 Río Negro Argentina
| | - M. Andrea Relva
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente; CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Quintral 1250 8400 Río Negro Argentina
| | - Martín A. Núñez
- Grupo Ecología de Invasiones; Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente; CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue; Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
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19
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Banerjee AK, Guo W, Huang Y. Genetic and epigenetic regulation of phenotypic variation in invasive plants – linking research trends towards a unified framework. NEOBIOTA 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.49.33723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic variation in the introduced range of an invasive species can be modified by genetic variation, environmental conditions and their interaction, as well as stochastic events like genetic drift. Recent studies found that epigenetic modifications may also contribute to phenotypic variation being independent of genetic changes. Despite gaining profound ecological insights from empirical studies, understanding the relative contributions of these molecular mechanisms behind phenotypic variation has received little attention for invasive plant species in particular.
This review therefore aimed at summarizing and synthesizing information on the genetic and epigenetic basis of phenotypic variation of alien invasive plants in the introduced range and their evolutionary consequences. Transgenerational inheritance of epigenetic modifications was highlighted focusing on its influence on microevolution of the invasive plant species. We presented a comprehensive account of epigenetic regulation of phenotypic variation and its role in plant invasion in the presence of reduced standing genetic variation, inbreeding depression and associated genomic events which have often been observed during introduction and range expansion of an invasive alien species. Finally, taking clues from the studies conducted so far, we proposed a unified framework of future experimental approaches to understand ecological and evolutionary aspects of phenotypic variation. This holistic approach, being aligned to the invasion process in particular (introduction-establishment-spread), was intended to understand the molecular mechanisms of phenotypic variation of an invasive species in its introduced range and to disentangle the effects of standing genetic variation and epigenetic regulation of phenotypic variation.
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20
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Silva‐Rocha IR, Salvi D, Carretero MA, Ficetola GF. Alien reptiles on Mediterranean Islands: A model for invasion biogeography. DIVERS DISTRIB 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Raquel Silva‐Rocha
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal
- FCUP, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal
- University of Grenoble‐Alpes, CNRS, LECA Laboratoire d’Écologie Alpine Grenoble France
| | - Daniele Salvi
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal
- Department of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences University of L’Aquila Coppito Italy
| | - Miguel A. Carretero
- CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal
| | - Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- University of Grenoble‐Alpes, CNRS, LECA Laboratoire d’Écologie Alpine Grenoble France
- Department of Biosciences University of Milano Milano Italy
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21
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Thompson BM, Bodart J, Gruner DS. Community resistance to an invasive forest insect-fungus mutualism. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Thompson
- Department of Entomology; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland 20742 USA
| | - Jake Bodart
- Department of Entomology; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland 20742 USA
| | - Daniel S. Gruner
- Department of Entomology; University of Maryland; College Park Maryland 20742 USA
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22
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Luo Z, Chen X, Xia G, Chen X. Extrinsic environmental factors, not resident diversity itself, lead to invasion of Ageratum conyzoides L. in diverse communities. Ecol Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-018-1637-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Fernandez-Conradi P, Borowiec N, Capdevielle X, Castagneyrol B, Maltoni A, Robin C, Selvi F, Van Halder I, Vétillard F, Jactel H. Plant neighbour identity and invasive pathogen infection affect associational resistance to an invasive gall wasp. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Liebhold AM, Brockerhoff EG, Kalisz S, Nuñez MA, Wardle DA, Wingfield MJ. Biological invasions in forest ecosystems. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1458-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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25
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Wavrek M, Heberling JM, Fei S, Kalisz S. Herbaceous invaders in temperate forests: a systematic review of their ecology and proposed mechanisms of invasion. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1456-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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