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Schaffar R, Benhamou S, Chappuis PO, Rapiti E. Risk of first recurrence after treatment in a population-based cohort of young women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 206:615-623. [PMID: 38687430 PMCID: PMC11208255 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07338-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer (BC) in women under 45 is rare yet often aggressive. We aim to analyze loco-regional recurrences (LR), distant recurrences (DR), second breast cancers, and mortality in young BC patients. METHODS We enrolled 776 women with non-metastatic BC ≤45 years diagnosed from 1970 to 2012. Variables included age, family history, tumor stage/grade, and treatment. We used multivariate Cox regression and competing risk models. RESULTS Among the participants, 37.0% were diagnosed before the age of 40. Most had stage I or II, grade II, ER- and PR-positive, HER2-negative tumors. Over a median follow-up of 8.7 years, 10.1% experienced LR, 13.7% developed DR, and 10.8% died, primarily due to BC. The majority of recurrences occurred within the first five years. Older age (>40) significantly reduced the risk of LR and DR. Advanced disease stage, certain surgical strategies, and positive margins increased DR risk. In the cohort diagnosed between 2001 and 2012, recent diagnosis, triple-negative cancer, and hormonal therapy were associated with reduced LR risk. Breast-conserving surgery appeared to offer protective effects against DR. CONCLUSION This study highlights that BC in young women carries a significant risk of early recurrence, with age, tumor characteristics, and treatment modalities influencing outcomes. The findings emphasize the need for tailored treatment strategies for young BC patients, focusing on surgical precision and aggressive adjuvant therapy for high-risk cases. This research contributes valuable insights into managing BC in younger patients, aiding in improving long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Schaffar
- Geneva Cancer Registry, Global Health Institute, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Simone Benhamou
- Geneva Cancer Registry, Global Health Institute, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- INSERM Unit 1018, Research Centre on Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, Île-de-France, France
| | - Pierre O Chappuis
- Division of Precision Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Elisabetta Rapiti
- Geneva Cancer Registry, Global Health Institute, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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2
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Vuong B, Jacinto AI, Chang SB, Kuehner GE, Savitz AC. Contemporary Review of the Management and Treatment of Young Breast Cancer Patients. Clin Breast Cancer 2024:S1526-8209(24)00148-4. [PMID: 38972829 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Approximately 11% of all new breast cancer cases annually are diagnosed in young women, and this continues to be the leading cause of death in women age 20 to 49. Young, premenopausal breast cancer patients present with more advanced stages and with a higher proportion of aggressive subtypes such as triple negative and HER2-enriched tumors. Recently, the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) lowered the age threshold to initiate screening mammograms to age 40 to aid in earlier detection. Young age at diagnosis increases the likelihood for a pathogenic mutation, and genetic testing is recommended for all patients age 50 and younger. This population is often underrepresented in landmark clinical trials, and data is extrapolated for the treatment of young women with breast cancer. Despite there being no survival benefit to more extensive surgical treatments, such as mastectomy or contralateral prophylactic mastectomy, many patients opt against breast conservation. Young patients with breast cancer face issues related to treatment toxicities, potential overtreatment of their disease, mental health, sexual health, and fertility preservation. This unique population requires a multidisciplinary care team of physicians, surgeons, genetic counselors, fertility specialists, mental health professionals, physical therapists, and dieticians to provide individualized, comprehensive care. Our aim is to (1) provide a narrative review of retrospective studies, relevant society guidelines, and clinical trials focused on the contemporary treatment and management of YBC patients and (2) discuss important nuances in their care as a guide for members of their multidisciplinary treatment team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Vuong
- Department of Surgery, Kaiser Permanente South Sacramento Medical Center, Sacramento, CA.
| | - Ana I Jacinto
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Sharon B Chang
- Department of Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Santa Clara Medical Center, Santa Clara, CA
| | - Gillian E Kuehner
- Department of Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Vallejo Medical Center, Vallejo, CA
| | - Alison C Savitz
- Department of Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Walnut Creek Medical Center, Walnut Creek, CA
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3
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Voets MM, Hassink NS, Veltman J, Slump CH, Koffijberg H, Siesling S. Opportunities for personalised follow-up in breast cancer: the gap between daily practice and recurrence risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 205:313-322. [PMID: 38409613 PMCID: PMC11101519 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07246-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Follow-up guidelines barely diverge from a one-size-fits-all approach, even though the risk of recurrence differs per patient. However, the personalization of breast cancer care improves outcomes for patients. This study explores the variation in follow-up pathways in the Netherlands using real-world data to determine guideline adherence and the gap between daily practice and risk-based surveillance, to demonstrate the benefits of personalized risk-based surveillance compared with usual care. METHODS Patients with stage I-III invasive breast cancer who received surgical treatment in a general hospital between 2005 and 2020 were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and included all imaging activities during follow-up from hospital-based electronic health records. Process analysis techniques were used to map patients and activities to investigate the real-world utilisation of resources and identify the opportunities for improvement. The INFLUENCE 2.0 nomogram was used for risk prediction of recurrence. RESULTS In the period between 2005 and 2020, 3478 patients were included with a mean follow-up of 4.9 years. In the first 12 months following treatment, patients visited the hospital between 1 and 5 times (mean 1.3, IQR 1-1) and received between 1 and 9 imaging activities (mean 1.7, IQR 1-2). Mammogram was the prevailing imaging modality, accounting for 70% of imaging activities. Patients with a low predicted risk of recurrence visited the hospital more often. CONCLUSIONS Deviations from the guideline were not in line with the risk of recurrence and revealed a large gap, indicating that it is hard for clinicians to accurately estimate this risk and therefore objective risk predictions could bridge this gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelon M Voets
- Department of Health Technology and Services Research, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, P.O. Box 19079, 3501 DB, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Noa S Hassink
- Department of Health Technology and Services Research, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Veltman
- Multi-Modality Medical Imaging, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Ziekenhuisgroep Twente, Zilvermeeuw 1, 9609 PP, Almelo, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis H Slump
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik Koffijberg
- Department of Health Technology and Services Research, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Siesling
- Department of Health Technology and Services Research, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
- Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, P.O. Box 19079, 3501 DB, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Sfarad HK, Allweis TM. Postoperative Complications Following Lumpectomy With Intraoperative X-Ray Radiation Therapy: A Retrospective Comparative Study. Clin Breast Cancer 2024; 24:237-242. [PMID: 38233254 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lumpectomy with intraoperative radiation (IORT) is a relatively new modality for the treatment of early breast cancer. IORT delivers targeted radiation to the tumor bed and obviates the need for external beam radiation (EBRT) in 85% of the cases. IORT is being used increasingly around the world, however information regarding early and late postoperative complications associated with the procedure is limited. AIM To describe and compare complication rates after lumpectomy and IORT with those seen after lumpectomy and EBRT or lumpectomy alone. METHODS Clinical, demographic, and histopathological data were collected from electronic medical records and a retrospectively maintained database. Postoperative complications were compared for patients undergoing lumpectomy with IORT, lumpectomy with EBRT, and lumpectomy alone over the same period. RESULTS A total of 445 patients were included in the study: 113 underwent lumpectomy with IORT, 253 had lumpectomy followed by EBRT, and 79 had Lumpectomy alone. Postoperative seroma was documented in 74 patients (65%) after IORT,87 (34%) after EBRT, and 9 (11%) after lumpectomy alone (P = .000). Surgical site infection requiring antibiotic treatment was diagnosed in 26 patients (23%) after IORT, 38 (15%) after EBRT, and 5 (6%) after lumpectomy alone (P = .013). Postoperative erythema was documented in 39 patients (34%) after IORT, 40 (16%) after EBRT, and 5 (6%) after lumpectomy alone (P = .000). Postoperative minor complications such as scar and breast deformity, edema, Mondor's syndrome, and chronic tenderness, were documented in 62 patients (55%) after IORT, 119 (47%) after EBRT, and 13 (17%) after lumpectomy alone (P = .000). The average follow-up was 14 months. CONCLUSIONS IORT is associated with an increased rate of postoperative complications compared to EBRT or lumpectomy alone. Most complications are minor and transient. We hypothesize that the increased occurrence of complications may also be attributed to overreporting, which is associated with the introduction of a new technology. Educating physicians and patients about potential complications and their course may help establish expectations and improve the management of postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanir M Allweis
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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5
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Loroña NC, Othus M, Malone KE, Linden HM, Tang MTC, Li CI. Alcohol, Smoking, and Risks of Breast Cancer Recurrence and Mortality among Women with Luminal, Triple-Negative, and HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:288-297. [PMID: 38019269 PMCID: PMC10872526 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluates the relationship between smoking, alcohol, and breast cancer outcomes according to molecular subtype. METHODS This population-based prospective cohort consisted of 3,876 women ages 20 to 69 diagnosed with a first primary invasive breast cancer from 2004 to 2015 in the Seattle-Puget Sound region. Breast cancer was categorized into three subtypes based on estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 expressions: luminal (ER+), triple-negative (TN; ER-/PR-/HER2-), and HER2-overexpressing (H2E; ER-/HER2+). We fit Cox proportional hazards models to assess the association between alcohol consumption and smoking status at diagnosis and risks of recurrence, breast cancer-specific mortality, and all-cause mortality. RESULTS Histories of ever smoking [HR, 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.74] and current smoking (HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.07-2.35) were associated with greater risk of breast cancer recurrence among TN cases. Smoking was also associated with greater risk of recurrence to bone among all cases and among luminal cases. Elevated risks of breast cancer-specific and all-cause mortality were observed among current smokers across all subtypes. Alcohol use was not positively associated with risk of recurrence or mortality overall; however, TN patients who drank four or more drinks per week had a decreased risk of recurrence (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51-0.98) and breast cancer-specific mortality (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55-0.97) compared with non-current drinkers. CONCLUSIONS Patients with breast cancer with a history of smoking at diagnosis have elevated risks of recurrence and mortality. IMPACT These findings underscore the need to prioritize smoking cessation among women diagnosed with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C. Loroña
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Megan Othus
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Kathleen E. Malone
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Mei-Tzu C. Tang
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Christopher I. Li
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
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6
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Ma T, Liu C, Ma T, Sun X, Cui J, Wang L, Mao Y, Wang H. The impact of the HER2-low status on conditional survival in patients with breast cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2024; 16:17588359231225039. [PMID: 38249333 PMCID: PMC10799581 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231225039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction With recent advances in breast cancer (BC) treatment, the disease-free survival (DFS) of patients is increasing and the risk factors for recurrence and metastasis are changing. However, a dynamic approach to assessing the risk of recurrent metastasis in BC is currently lacking. This study aimed to develop a dynamically changing prediction model for recurrent metastases based on conditional survival (CS) analysis. Methods Clinical and pathological data from patients with BC who underwent surgery at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between August 2011 and August 2022 were retrospectively analysed. The risk of recurrence and metastasis in patients with varying survival rates was calculated using CS analysis, and a risk prediction model was constructed. Results A total of 4244 patients were included in this study, with a median follow-up of 83.16 ± 31.59 months. Our findings suggested that the real-time DFS of patients increased over time, and the likelihood of DFS after surgery correlated with the number of years of prior survival. We explored different risk factors for recurrent metastasis in baseline patients, 3-year, and 5-year disease-free survivors, and found that low HER2 was a risk factor for subsequent recurrence in patients with 5-year DFS. Based on this, conditional nomograms were developed. The nomograms showed good predictive ability for recurrence and metastasis in patients with BC. Conclusion Our study showed that the longer patients with BC remained disease-free, the greater their chances of remaining disease-free again. Predictive models for recurrence and metastasis risk based on CS analysis can help improve the confidence of patients fighting cancer and help doctors personalise treatment and follow-up plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Ma
- Breast Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Changgen Liu
- Breast Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tianyi Ma
- Breast Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xinyi Sun
- Breast Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Cui
- Breast Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Mao
- Breast Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266000, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Breast Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266000, China
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Wieder R. Awakening of Dormant Breast Cancer Cells in the Bone Marrow. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15113021. [PMID: 37296983 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to 40% of patients with breast cancer (BC) have metastatic cells in the bone marrow (BM) at the initial diagnosis of localized disease. Despite definitive systemic adjuvant therapy, these cells survive in the BM microenvironment, enter a dormant state and recur stochastically for more than 20 years. Once they begin to proliferate, recurrent macrometastases are not curable, and patients generally succumb to their disease. Many potential mechanisms for initiating recurrence have been proposed, but no definitive predictive data have been generated. This manuscript reviews the proposed mechanisms that maintain BC cell dormancy in the BM microenvironment and discusses the data supporting specific mechanisms for recurrence. It addresses the well-described mechanisms of secretory senescence, inflammation, aging, adipogenic BM conversion, autophagy, systemic effects of trauma and surgery, sympathetic signaling, transient angiogenic bursts, hypercoagulable states, osteoclast activation, and epigenetic modifications of dormant cells. This review addresses proposed approaches for either eliminating micrometastases or maintaining a dormant state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Wieder
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School and the Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 185 South Orange Avenue, MSB F671, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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8
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Godina C, Tryggvadottir H, Bosch A, Borgquist S, Belting M, Isaksson K, Jernström H. Caveolin-1 genotypes as predictor for locoregional recurrence and contralateral disease in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 199:335-347. [PMID: 37017811 PMCID: PMC10175335 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06919-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Caveolin-1 (CAV1) has been implicated in breast cancer oncogenesis and metastasis and may be a potential prognosticator, especially for non-distant events. CAV1 functions as a master regulator of membrane transport and cell signaling. Several CAV1 SNPs have been linked to multiple cancers, but the prognostic impact of CAV1 SNPs in breast cancer remains unclear. Here, we investigated CAV1 polymorphisms in relation to clinical outcomes in breast cancer. METHODS A cohort of 1017 breast cancer patients (inclusion 2002-2012, Sweden) were genotyped using Oncoarray by Ilumina. Patients were followed for up to 15 years. Five out of six CAV1 SNPs (rs10256914, rs959173, rs3807989, rs3815412, and rs8713) passed quality control and were used for haplotype construction. CAV1 genotypes and haplotypes in relation to clinical outcomes were assessed with Cox regression and adjusted for potential confounders (age, tumor characteristics, and adjuvant treatments). RESULTS Only one SNP was associated with lymph node status, no other SNPs or haplotypes were associated with tumor characteristics. The CAV1 rs3815412 CC genotype (5.8% of patients) was associated with increased risk of contralateral breast cancer, adjusted hazard ratio (HRadj) 4.26 (95% CI 1.86-9.73). Moreover, the TTACA haplotype (13% of patients) conferred an increased risk for locoregional recurrence HRadj 2.24 (95% CI 1.24-4.04). No other genotypes or haplotypes were associated with clinical outcome. CONCLUSION CAV1 polymorphisms were associated with increased risk for locoregional recurrence and contralateral breast cancer. These findings may identify patients that could derive benefit from more tailored treatment to prevent non-distant events, if confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Godina
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
| | - Helga Tryggvadottir
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ana Bosch
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Sweden
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mattias Belting
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Radiation Physics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karolin Isaksson
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University and Kristianstad Hospital, Lund and Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Helena Jernström
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Barngatan 4, 221 85, Lund, Sweden.
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Habbous S, Barisic A, Homenauth E, Kandasamy S, Forster K, Eisen A, Holloway C. Estimating the incidence of breast cancer recurrence using administrative data. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 198:509-522. [PMID: 36422755 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06812-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, but most cancer registries do not capture recurrences. We estimated the incidence of local, regional, and distant recurrences using administrative data. METHODS Patients diagnosed with stage I-III primary breast cancer in Ontario, Canada from 2013 to 2017 were included. Patients were followed until 31/Dec/2021, death, or a new primary cancer diagnosis. We used hospital administrative data (diagnostic and intervention codes) to identify local recurrence, regional recurrence, and distant metastasis after primary diagnosis. We used logistic regression to explore factors associated with developing a distant metastasis. RESULTS With a median follow-up 67 months, 5,431/45,857 (11.8%) of patients developed a distant metastasis a median 23 (9, 42) months after diagnosis of the primary tumor. 1086 (2.4%) and 1069 (2.3%) patients developed an isolated regional or a local recurrence, respectively. Patients with distant metastatic disease had a median overall survival of 15.4 months (95% CI 14.4-16.4 months) from the time recurrence/metastasis was identified. In contrast, the median survival for all other patients was not reached. Patients were more likely to develop a distant metastasis if they had more advanced stage, greater comorbidity, and presented with symptoms (p < 0.0001). Trastuzumab halved the risk of recurrence [OR 0.53 (0.45-0.63), p < 0.0001]. CONCLUSION Distant metastasis is not a rare outcome for patients diagnosed with breast cancer, translating to an annual incidence of 2132 new cases (17.8% of all breast cancer diagnoses). Overall survival remains high for patients with locoregional recurrences, but was poor following a diagnosis of a distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Habbous
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), 525 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G2L3, Canada.
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
| | - Andriana Barisic
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), 525 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G2L3, Canada
| | - Esha Homenauth
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), 525 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G2L3, Canada
| | - Sharmilaa Kandasamy
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), 525 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G2L3, Canada
| | - Katharina Forster
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), 525 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G2L3, Canada
| | - Andrea Eisen
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), 525 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G2L3, Canada
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, M4Y 1H1, Canada
| | - Claire Holloway
- Ontario Health (Cancer Care Ontario), 525 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G2L3, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T1P5, Canada
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10
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Sopik V, Lim D, Sun P, Narod SA. Prognosis after Local Recurrence in Patients with Early-Stage Breast Cancer Treated without Chemotherapy. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:3829-3844. [PMID: 37185403 PMCID: PMC10136458 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30040290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Many women with early-stage breast cancer are predicted to be at sufficiently low risk for recurrence that they may forego chemotherapy. Nevertheless, some low-risk women will experience a local recurrence, and for them the risk of death increases significantly thereafter. The utility of initiating chemotherapy at the time of local recurrence has not been adequately addressed. The purpose of this study is to identify, in a hospital-based series of patients with early-stage breast cancer who were not treated with chemotherapy, those factors which predict death post local recurrence. Methods: We identified 135 women who were diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer (node-negative, <5 cm) and who did not receive chemotherapy at diagnosis and who developed a local recurrence. They were diagnosed between 1987 and 2000 and treated at Women’s College Hospital. For each patient, we abstracted information on the initial cancer (age at diagnosis, tumour size, tumour grade, ER status, PR status, HER2 status, lympho-vascular invasion, type of surgery, use of radiotherapy, tamoxifen and chemotherapy), the time from initial diagnosis to local recurrence and treatment at recurrence. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the ten-year actuarial risk of breast cancer death post recurrence. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate multivariate hazard ratios for the various factors. Results: Among the 135 women in the cohort, the mean time from initial diagnosis to local recurrence was 7.8 years (range: 0.3 to 22.6 years). A total of 38 of the 135 women (28.1%) died of breast cancer a mean of 5.3 years after experiencing the local recurrence (range: 0.3 to 17 years). The ten-year breast cancer survival post local recurrence was 71% and the 15-year survival was 65%. In a multivariate analysis, it was found that factors that were significantly associated with death after local recurrence were (1) PR-negative status, (2) young age at diagnosis (<40 years) and (3) time to local recurrence less than 2 years. Nine percent of women received chemotherapy at the time of local recurrence. Conclusions: For breast cancer patients with a low baseline risk of mortality, the risk of death after an isolated local recurrence is substantial. Systemic treatment at the time of local recurrence needs further study.
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Beltran-Bless AA, Alshamsan B, Alzahrani MJ, Hilton J, Baines KA, Samuel V, Pond GR, Vandermeer L, Clemons M, Larocque G. Regularly scheduled physical examinations and the detection of breast cancer recurrences. Breast 2023; 69:274-280. [PMID: 36922304 PMCID: PMC10034490 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Follow-up care of early breast cancer (EBC) patients usually includes routinely scheduled physical examinations. While ASCO guidelines recommend a physical exam every three to six months for the first three years, little evidence supports this schedule. We evaluated recurrence detection of patients transferred into a single centre survivorship program that follows ASCO recommendations. METHODS Patients with EBC referred to the Wellness Beyond Cancer Program (WBCP) who had breast cancer recurrence between February 1, 2013, and January 1, 2019 were reviewed. Descriptive analyses were used to present patient and disease characteristics stratified by type of recurrence and mode of cancer detection. RESULTS Of 206 recurrences, 135 were distant recurrences (65.5%), 41 were ipsilateral breast recurrences (19.9%), and 30 were contralateral breast primaries (14.6%). Distant recurrences were primarily detected via patient-reported symptoms (125/135, 92.6%). 53.7% (22/41) of ipsilateral breast recurrences were detected by patients and 41.5% (17/41) by routine imaging. Contralateral breast primaries were primarily detected by imaging 83.3% (25/30) and patient-reported symptoms 16.7% (5/30). Only 2/206 (1.14%) recurrences/new primaries were detected by healthcare providers at routinely scheduled follow-up visits. CONCLUSIONS Despite following ASCO guidelines, healthcare providers rarely detect recurrences at routinely scheduled follow-up appointments. Our data suggests that approximately 35, 000 follow-up visits were required for healthcare providers to detect these 2 recurrences. While reduced in-person visits may affect other aspects of follow-up care (e.g. toxicity management), it appears unlikely, provided patients attend regular screening tests, that less frequent in-person follow-up is associated with worse breast cancer-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Alicia Beltran-Bless
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1H 8L6; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1Y 4E9
| | - Bader Alshamsan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1H 8L6; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashari Jemaan Alzahrani
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1H 8L6; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1Y 4E9
| | - John Hilton
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1H 8L6; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1Y 4E9
| | - Kelly-Anne Baines
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Vicky Samuel
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory R Pond
- Ontario Clinical Oncology Group, Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Vandermeer
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1Y 4E9
| | - Mark Clemons
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1H 8L6; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1Y 4E9.
| | - Gail Larocque
- Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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12
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Dayan D, Ernst K, Aktas B, Baierl R, Briest S, Dengler M, Dieterle D, Endres A, Engelken K, Faridi A, Frenz H, Hantschmann P, Janni W, Kaiser C, Kokott T, Laufhütte S, Schober F, Ebner F. Resemblance of the Recurrence Patterns in Primary Systemic, Primary Surgery and Secondary Oncoplastic Surgery. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:8874-8885. [PMID: 36421351 PMCID: PMC9689416 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29110698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Surgical interventions tend to have an effect on the generation of recurrences in tumor patients due to the anesthesia involved as well as tissue damage and subsequent inflammation. This can also be found in patients with breast cancer. METHODS In this multicenter study, we investigated data of 632 patients with breast cancer and the subsequent diagnosis of a recurrence. The patient data were acquired from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2019 in eight different centers in Germany. The data sets were separated into those with primary surgery, primary systemic therapy with subsequent surgery, and reconstructive surgery. Three different starting points for observation were defined: the date of diagnosis, the date of first surgery, and the date of reconstructive surgery, if applicable. The observational period was divided into steps of six months and maxima of recurrences were compared. Furthermore, the variance was calculated using the difference of the distribution in percent. RESULTS The descriptive analysis showed no resemblance between the groups. The variance of the difference of the recurrence rates analysis using the surgical date as the starting point showed similarities in the age subgroup. CONCLUSION Our clinical analysis shows different metastatic behavior in different analysis and treatment regimes. These findings justify further investigations on a larger database. These results may possibly identify an improved follow-up setting depending on tumor stage, biology, treatment, and patient factors (i.e., age, …).
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Affiliation(s)
- Davut Dayan
- Frauenklinik, Universität Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Bahriye Aktas
- Universitätsklinik Leipzig, Frauenklinik, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Raffaela Baierl
- Brustkrebszentrum Passau, Klinikum Passau, 94032 Passau, Germany
| | - Susanne Briest
- Universitätsklinik Leipzig, Frauenklinik, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Dengler
- Brustkrebszentrum Passau, Klinikum Passau, 94032 Passau, Germany
| | - Daniela Dieterle
- Brustzentrum Kaufbeuren, Klinikum Kaufbeuren, 87600 Kaufbeuren, Germany
| | - Amelie Endres
- Medical Facility, Universität Tübingen, 72016 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Hannes Frenz
- Medical Facility, Universität Tübingen, 72016 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Florian Schober
- Plastische Chirurgie, Diakoneo Schwäbisch Hall, 74523 Schwäbisch Hall, Germany
| | - Florian Ebner
- Frauenarztpraxis Freising, Marienplatz, 585354 Freising, Germany
- Correspondence:
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13
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Zelba H, McQueeney A, Rabsteyn A, Bartsch O, Kyzirakos C, Kayser S, Harter J, Latzer P, Hadaschik D, Battke F, Hartkopf AD, Biskup S. Adjuvant Treatment for Breast Cancer Patients Using Individualized Neoantigen Peptide Vaccination-A Retrospective Observation. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1882. [PMID: 36366390 PMCID: PMC9698403 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10111882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a tumor entity that is one of the leading causes of mortality among women worldwide. Although numerous treatment options are available, current explorations of personalized vaccines have shown potential as promising new treatment options to prevent the recurrence of cancer. Here we present a small proof of concept study using a prophylactic peptide vaccination approach in four female breast cancer patients who achieved remission after standard treatment. The patients were initially analyzed for somatic tumor mutations and then treated with personalized neoantigen-derived peptide vaccines. These vaccines consisted of HLA class I and class II peptides and were administered intracutaneously followed by subcutaneous application of sargramostim and/or topical imiquimod as an immunological adjuvant. After an initial priming phase of four vaccinations within two weeks, patients received monthly boosting/maintenance vaccinations. Chemotherapy or checkpoint inhibition was not performed during vaccination. One patient received hormone therapy. The vaccines were well tolerated with no serious adverse events. All patients displayed vaccine-induced CD4+ and/or CD8+ T-cell responses against various neoantigens. Furthermore, all patients remained tumor-free and had persistent T-cell responses, even several months after the last vaccination, suggesting the potential of peptide vaccines as an immunosurveillance and long term prophylaxis option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Zelba
- Zentrum für Humangenetik Tübingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Alex McQueeney
- Zentrum für Humangenetik Tübingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Armin Rabsteyn
- Zentrum für Humangenetik Tübingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Bartsch
- Zentrum für Humangenetik Tübingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Simone Kayser
- Zentrum für Humangenetik Tübingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Pauline Latzer
- Zentrum für Humangenetik Tübingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Andreas D. Hartkopf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Tuebingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Saskia Biskup
- Zentrum für Humangenetik Tübingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
- CeGaT GmbH, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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14
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Lim GH, Alcantara VS, Ng RP, Ng R, Allen JC, Htein MMW, Lim SH, Yan Z, Tan QT. Patterns of breast cancer second recurrences in patients after mastectomy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 196:583-589. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06772-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Chen SY, Sun GY, Tang Y, Jing H, Song YW, Jin J, Liu YP, Zhao XR, Song YC, Chen B, Qi SN, Tang Y, Lu NN, Li N, Fang H, Li YX, Wang SL. Timing of postmastectomy radiotherapy following adjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk breast cancer: A post hoc analysis of a randomised controlled clinical trial. Eur J Cancer 2022; 174:153-164. [PMID: 35998550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the appropriate timing of radiotherapy (RT) after mastectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy for women with high-risk breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Post hoc analyses of 584 patients with stage II and III breast cancer from a randomised controlled clinical trial were performed. All patients underwent mastectomy followed by sequential chemotherapy and RT. The optimal cut-off values for the surgery-RT interval (SRI) and the chemotherapy-RT interval (CRI) for overall survival (OS) were determined using the hazard ratio for continuous predictors. The locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant metastasis (DM), disease-free survival (DFS), and OS rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Median follow-up time was 83.5 months. Median SRI and CRI were 168 and 27 days, respectively. An SRI of >210 days was independently associated with higher DM (HR 2.65, 95% CI: 1.49-4.71; HR 2.78, 95% CI 1.51-5.26), lower OS (HR 2.44, 95% CI: 1.28-4.54; HR 2.50, 95% CI: 1.41-4.35), and lower DFS (HR 2.57, 95% CI: 1.45-4.57; HR 2.70, 95% CI: 1.45-5.00) than SRI of <180 or 180-210 days. Furthermore, a CRI of more than 42 days was independently associated with higher DM (HR 1.89, 95% CI: 1.17-3.06; HR 1.96, 95% CI: 1.19-3.22), lower OS (HR 2.44, 95% CI: 1.41-4.35; HR 1.92, 95% CI: 1.10-3.33), and lower DFS (HR 1.84, 95% CI: 1.14-2.96; HR 1.82, 95% CI: 1.12-2.94) than a CRI of <28 or 28-42 days. However, SRI and CRI had no significant effect on LRR. CONCLUSIONS Based on the present findings, the timing of the initiation of RT both after mastectomy and after the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy is crucial for patients with high-risk breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ye Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Guang-Yi Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; Department of Clinical Trials Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hao Jing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yong-Wen Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yue-Ping Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xu-Ran Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yu-Chun Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shu-Nan Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ning-Ning Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Ye-Xiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Shu-Lian Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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16
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Zhang L, Sun S, Zhao X, Liu J, Xu Y, Xu L, Song C, Li N, Yu J, Zhao S, Yu P, Fang F, Xie J, Ji X, Yu R, Ou Q, Zhao Z, Li M. Prognostic value of baseline genetic features and newly identified
TP53
mutations in advanced breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:3689-3702. [PMID: 35971249 PMCID: PMC9580879 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 30% of breast cancer (BC) patients suffer from disease relapse after definitive treatment. Monitoring BC at baseline and disease progression using comprehensive genomic profiling would facilitate the prediction of prognosis. We retrospectively studied 101 BC patients ultimately experiencing relapse and/or metastases. The baseline and circulating tumor DNA‐monitoring cohorts included patients with baseline tumor tissue and serial plasma samples, respectively. Samples were analyzed with targeted next‐generation sequencing of 425 cancer‐relevant genes. Of 35 patients in the baseline cohort, patients with TP53 mutations (P < 0.01), or CTCF/GNAS mutations (P < 0.01) displayed inferior disease‐free survival, and patients harboring TP53 (P = 0.06) or NOTCH1 (P = 0.06) mutations showed relatively poor overall survival (OS), compared to patients with wild‐type counterparts. Of the 59 patients with serial plasma samples, 11 patients who were newly detected with TP53 mutations had worse OS than patients whose TP53 mutational status remained negative (P < 0.01). These results indicate that an inferior prognosis of advanced breast cancer was potentially associated with baseline TP53, CTCF, and NOTCH1 alterations. Newly identified TP53 mutations after relapse and/or metastasis was another potential prognostic biomarker of poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxin Zhang
- Department of Oncology The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Siwen Sun
- Department of Oncology The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- Geneseeq Research Institute Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Geneseeq Research Institute Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Yang Xu
- Geneseeq Research Institute Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Lingzhi Xu
- Department of Oncology The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Chen Song
- Department of Oncology The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Oncology The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Oncology The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Department of Oncology The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Peiyao Yu
- Department of Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Fengqi Fang
- Department of Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Jiping Xie
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Xuening Ji
- Department of Oncology Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Ruoying Yu
- Geneseeq Research Institute Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Qiuxiang Ou
- Geneseeq Research Institute Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Zuowei Zhao
- Department of Oncology The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
- Department of Breast Surgery The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Oncology The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University Dalian Liaoning China
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17
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Holloway CMB, Shabestari O, Eberg M, Forster K, Murray P, Green B, Esensoy AV, Eisen A, Sussman J. Identifying Breast Cancer Recurrence in Administrative Data: Algorithm Development and Validation. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:5338-5367. [PMID: 36005162 PMCID: PMC9406366 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29080424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer recurrence is an important outcome for patients and healthcare systems, but it is not routinely reported in cancer registries. We developed an algorithm to identify patients who experienced recurrence or a second case of primary breast cancer (combined as a “second breast cancer event”) using administrative data from the population of Ontario, Canada. A retrospective cohort study design was used including patients diagnosed with stage 0-III breast cancer in the Ontario Cancer Registry between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2012 and alive six months post-diagnosis. We applied the algorithm to healthcare utilization data from six months post-diagnosis until death or 31 December 2013, whichever came first. We validated the algorithm’s diagnostic accuracy against a manual patient record review (n = 2245 patients). The algorithm had a sensitivity of 85%, a specificity of 94%, a positive predictive value of 67%, a negative predictive value of 98%, an accuracy of 93%, a kappa value of 71%, and a prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted kappa value of 85%. The second breast cancer event rate was 16.5% according to the algorithm and 13.0% according to manual review. Our algorithm’s performance was comparable to previously published algorithms and is sufficient for healthcare system monitoring. Administrative data from a population can, therefore, be interpreted using new methods to identify new outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M. B. Holloway
- Disease Pathway Management, Clinical Institutes and Quality Programs, Ontario Health, 525 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2L3, Canada;
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(416)-480-4210
| | - Omid Shabestari
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College Street 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada; (O.S.); (A.V.E.)
| | - Maria Eberg
- Data and Decision Sciences, Health System Performance and Support, Ontario Health, 525 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2L3, Canada; (M.E.); (P.M.)
| | - Katharina Forster
- Disease Pathway Management, Clinical Institutes and Quality Programs, Ontario Health, 525 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2L3, Canada;
| | - Paula Murray
- Data and Decision Sciences, Health System Performance and Support, Ontario Health, 525 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2L3, Canada; (M.E.); (P.M.)
| | - Bo Green
- Quality Measurement and Evaluation, Clinical Institutes and Quality Programs, Ontario Health, 525 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2L3, Canada;
| | - Ali Vahit Esensoy
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College Street 4th Floor, Toronto, ON M5T 3M6, Canada; (O.S.); (A.V.E.)
- Data and Decision Sciences, Health System Performance and Support, Ontario Health, 525 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2L3, Canada; (M.E.); (P.M.)
| | - Andrea Eisen
- Medical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada;
| | - Jonathan Sussman
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, 699 Concession Street Suite 4-204, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada;
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18
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Chang PH, Lee CH, Wu TMH, Yeh KY, Wang HM, Huang WK, Chan SC, Chou WC, Kuan FC, Kuo HC, Kuo YC, Hu CC, Hsieh JCH. Association of early changes of circulating cancer stem-like cells with survival among patients with metastatic breast cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221110182. [PMID: 35860832 PMCID: PMC9290096 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221110182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating cancer stem-like cells (cCSCs) before and after one cycle of chemotherapy and assessed the effects of early changes in CTCs and cCSCs on the outcomes of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Methods: Patients with stage IV invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast who received first-line chemotherapy between April 2014 and January 2016 were enrolled. CTCs and cCSCs were measured before the first cycle of chemotherapy (baseline) and on day 21, before the second cycle of chemotherapy commenced; a negative selection strategy and flow cytometry protocol were employed. Results: CTC and cCSC counts declined in 68.8 and 45.5% of patients, respectively. Declines in CTCs and cCSCs following the first chemotherapy cycle were associated with superior chemotherapy responses, longer progression-free survival (PFS), and longer overall survival (OS). An early decline in cCSCs remained an independent prognostic indicator for OS and PFS in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: A cCSC decline after one cycle of chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer is predictive of a superior chemotherapy response and longer PFS and OS, implying that cCSC dynamic monitoring may be helpful in early prediction of treatment response and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hung Chang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Keelung City
| | - Chun-Hui Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City
| | - Tyler Min-Hsien Wu
- Circulating Tumour Cell Lab, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City
| | - Kun-Yun Yeh
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Keelung City
| | - Hung-Ming Wang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City
| | - Wen-Kuan Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City
| | - Sheng-Chieh Chan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien City
| | - Wen-Chi Chou
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City
| | - Feng-Che Kuan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Puzi City
| | - Hsuan-Chih Kuo
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City
| | - Yung-Chia Kuo
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City
| | - Ching-Chih Hu
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Keelung City
| | - Jason Chia-Hsun Hsieh
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan City 333
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19
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Ankersmid JW, Drossaert CHC, Strobbe LJA, Battjes MS, Uden‐Kraan CF, Siesling S, Riet YEA, Bode‐Meulepas JM, Strobbe LJA, Dassen AE, Olieman AFT, Witjes HHG, Doeksen A, Contant CME. Health care professionals' perspectives on shared decision making supported by personalised‐risk‐for‐recurrences‐calculations regarding surveillance after breast cancer. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2022. [PMCID: PMC9539946 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective Breast cancer patients for whom less intensive surveillance is sufficient can be identified based on the risk for locoregional recurrences (LRRs). This study explores health care professionals' (HCPs) perspectives on less intensive surveillance, preferences for shared decision‐making (SDM) about surveillance and perspectives on the use of patients' estimated personal risk for LRRs in decision‐making about surveillance. Methods We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 21 HCPs providing follow‐up care for breast cancer patients in seven Dutch teaching hospitals (Santeon hospitals). Results HCPs were predominantly positive about less intensive surveillance for women with a low risk for recurrences. They mentioned important prerequisites such as clearly defined surveillance schedules based on risk categories, information provision and communication support for patients and HCPs. Most HCPs supported SDM about surveillance and were positive about using patients' estimated personal risk for LRRs. HCPs specified prerequisites such as clear visualisation and explanation of risk information, attention for fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) and defined surveillance schedules for specific risk groups. Conclusion Mentioned prerequisites for less intensive surveillance need to be accounted for. Information needs and existing misconceptions need to be addressed. Outcome information regarding risks for LRRs and FCR can enrich the SDM process about surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jet W. Ankersmid
- Department of Health Technology and Services Research, Technical Medical Center University of Twente Enschede
- Santeon Hospital Group Utrecht
| | | | - Luc J. A. Strobbe
- Department of Surgery Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Melissa S. Battjes
- Department of Health Technology and Services Research, Technical Medical Center University of Twente Enschede
| | | | - Sabine Siesling
- Department of Health Technology and Services Research, Technical Medical Center University of Twente Enschede
- Department of Research and Development Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation Utrecht The Netherlands
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20
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Calip GS, Nabulsi NA, Hubbard C, Asfaw AA, Lee I, Zhou J, Cueto J, Mitra D, Ko NY, Hoskins KF, Law EH. Impact of time to distant recurrence on breast cancer-specific mortality in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Cancer Causes Control 2022; 33:793-799. [PMID: 35226243 PMCID: PMC9010392 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-022-01561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive early-stage breast cancer (BC) have five-year survival rates of > 90% but remain at serious risk for developing distant metastases beyond five years from diagnosis. This retrospective cohort study used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries to examine associations between distant recurrence-free interval (DRFI) and risk of BC-specific mortality following distant relapse. The analysis includes 1,057 women with second primary stage IV BC who were initially diagnosed with AJCC stages I-III HR-positive BC between1990 and 2016. Overall, 65% of women had a preceding DRFI of ≥ 5 years. Five-year BC-specific survival following development of distant recurrence was 52% for women with DRFI ≥ 5 years compared to 31% in women with DRFI of < 5 years. In multivariable analyses, risks of cancer-specific mortality following distant recurrence were lower in women with DRFI of 5 years or more (subdistribution hazard ratio = 0.72, 95% CI 0.58-0.89, p = 0.002). The results of this study may inform patient-clinician discussions surrounding prognosis and treatment selection among HR-positive patients who develop a distant recurrence of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory S Calip
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, US.
- Center for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomic Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street MC 871, Chicago, IL, 60612, US.
| | - Nadia A Nabulsi
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, US
| | - Colin Hubbard
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, US
| | - Alemseged A Asfaw
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, US
| | - Inyoung Lee
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, US
| | - Jifang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, US
| | - Jenilee Cueto
- Patient & Health Impact, Pfizer, Inc, New York, NY, US
| | | | - Naomi Y Ko
- School of Medicine, Section of Hematology Oncology, Boston University, Boston, MA, US
| | - Kent F Hoskins
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, US
| | - Ernest H Law
- Patient & Health Impact, Pfizer, Inc, New York, NY, US
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21
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Health care professionals overestimate the risk for locoregional recurrences after breast cancer treatment depending on their specialty. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 193:293-303. [PMID: 35279762 PMCID: PMC9090881 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06549-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
For the implementation of personalised surveillance, it is important to create more awareness among HCPs with regard to the risk for locoregional recurrences (LRRs). The aim of this study is to evaluate the current awareness and estimations of individual risks for LRRs after completion of primary treatment for breast cancer among health care professionals (HCPs) in the Netherlands, without using any prediction tools.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was performed among 60 HCPs working in breast cancer care in seven Dutch hospitals and 25 general practitioners (GPs). The survey consisted of eleven realistic surgically treated breast cancer cases. HCPs were asked to estimate the 5-year risk for LRRs for each case, which was compared to the estimations by the INFLUENCE-nomogram using one-sample Wilcoxon tests. Differences in estimations between HCPs with different specialities were determined using Kruskal–Wallis tests and Dunn tests.
Results
HCPs tended to structurally overestimate the 5-year risk for LRR on each case. Average overestimations ranged from 4.8 to 26.1%. Groups of HCPs with varying specialities differed significantly in risk estimations. GPs tended to overestimate the risk for LRRs on average the most (15.0%) and medical oncologists had the lowest average overestimation (2.7%).
Conclusions
It is important to create more awareness of the risk for LRRs, which is a pre-requisite for the implementation of personalised surveillance after breast cancer. Besides education for HCPs, the use of prediction models such as the INFLUENCE-nomogram can support in estimating an objective estimate of each individual patient’s risk.
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22
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Circulating Cell-Free DNA Reflects the Clonal Evolution of Breast Cancer Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051332. [PMID: 35267640 PMCID: PMC8909912 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Liquid biopsy of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is proposed as potential method for the early detection of breast cancer (BC) metastases and following the clonal evolution of BC. Though the use of liquid biopsy is widely discussed, only few studies have demonstrated such usage so far. The aim of this study was to evaluate how accurately cfDNA resembles the genetic profile of tumor DNA and how liquid biopsy reflects the clonal evolution of 18 Eastern-Finnish BC cases with locoregional or distant metastases. Although notable discordance between the sequenced cfDNA and tumor DNA was observed, our results show that liquid biopsy reflects the heterogeneity and clonal evolution of BC and may help to identify potential driver variants and therapeutic targets that are not detected with the sequencing of tumor DNA. This information may be used to detect metastatic BC earlier and to support decision-making in clinical practice. Abstract Liquid biopsy of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is proposed as a potential method for the early detection of breast cancer (BC) metastases and following the clonal evolution of BC. Though the use of liquid biopsy is a widely discussed topic in the field, only a few studies have demonstrated such usage so far. We sequenced the DNA of matched primary tumor and metastatic sites together with the matched cfDNA samples from 18 Eastern Finnish BC patients and investigated how well cfDNA reflected the clonal evolution of BC interpreted from tumor DNA. On average, liquid biopsy detected 56.2 ± 7.2% of the somatic variants that were present either in the matched primary tumor or metastatic sites. Despite the high discordance observed between matched samples, liquid biopsy was found to reflect the clonal evolution of BC and identify novel driver variants and therapeutic targets absent from the tumor DNA. Tumor-specific somatic variants were detected in cfDNA at the time of diagnosis and 8.4 ± 2.4 months prior to detection of locoregional recurrence or distant metastases. Our results demonstrate that the sequencing of cfDNA may be used for the early detection of locoregional and distant BC metastases. Observed discordance between tumor DNA sequencing and liquid biopsy supports the parallel sequencing of cfDNA and tumor DNA to yield the most comprehensive overview for the genetic landscape of BC.
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Jacobs CF, Soesan M, Sonke GS. Concurrent chemo-endocrine treatment for early hormone-positive breast cancer: a no-go??? Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 192:485-489. [PMID: 35132502 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06505-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endocrine therapy is one of the cornerstones of early breast cancer treatment. While this medication could be initiated on the day of diagnosis, it is often postponed until after completion of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. This practice is based on preclinical data suggesting an antagonistic effect between endocrine therapy and cytostatic agents, and on the interpretation of clinical trials comparing concurrent versus sequential use of tamoxifen and chemotherapy. These clinical trials, however, have never shown a statistically significant difference in overall survival or disease-free survival and focused on tamoxifen rather than aromatase inhibitors. Nevertheless, sequentially administered endocrine and chemotherapy have become standard of care worldwide. RESULTS We performed a literature review and conclude that concurrent endocrine chemotherapy is at least as effective as sequential treatment. In fact, higher response rates have been observed in trials with aromatase inhibitors rather than tamoxifen in a neoadjuvant setting. CONCLUSION We encourage breast cancer oncologists to re-consider concurrent endocrine chemotherapy as a possible treatment strategy enabling early start of potentially curative endocrine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Jacobs
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, NKI-AvL, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Soesan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, NKI-AvL, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - G S Sonke
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, NKI-AvL, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Baek SY, Kim J, Chung IY, Ko BS, Kim HJ, Lee JW, Son BH, Ahn SH, Lee SB. Clinical Course and Predictors of Subsequent Recurrence and Survival of Patients With Ipsilateral Breast Tumor Recurrence. Cancer Control 2022; 29:10732748221089412. [PMID: 35414226 PMCID: PMC9016529 DOI: 10.1177/10732748221089412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the clinical course and long-term outcomes of patients with
ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) after breast-conserving surgery
(BCS) and identify independent prognostic factors for further
recurrence. Methods In this retrospective study, we reviewed the records of 327 patients who
experienced IBTR after undergoing BCS for breast cancer at Asan Medical
Center during 1990–2013. Overall survival (OS) after IBTR and cumulative
incidence rates of recurrences after IBTR were calculated. The association
of clinicopathological factors with survival and the development of further
recurrence after IBTR was determined in multivariate analysis. Results At a median follow-up of 127.7 months, 97 patients experienced recurrence
after IBTR. The 5-year and 10-year cumulative incidence rates of recurrence
after IBTR were 32% and 41%, respectively. The 5-year and 10-year OS rates
after IBTR were 86.6% and 70.3%, respectively. In multivariate analysis,
hormone receptor negativity was associated with decreases in OS after IBTR
(hazard ratio [HR] 2.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18–6.78). Patients
with longer disease-free interval (DFI) had decreased risks of second
recurrence (HR .99, 95% CI .99–1.00), and second locoregional recurrence
(LRR) (HR .98, 95% CI .97–.99). Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) of IBTR was
associated with increased recurrence rates (second recurrence-free survival,
HR 3.58, 95% CI 2.16–5.94; second LRR free survival, HR 5.21, 95% CI
2.77–9.78; second distant metastasis-free survival, 2.11, 95% CI 1.04–4.30)
and lower survival rates (OS after IBTR, HR 4.64, 95% CI 2.23–9.67). Conclusions Despite subsequent recurrences during long-term follow-up, the survival rates
after IBTR remained high. Patients with hormone receptor-negative tumors,
shorter DFI, and tumors that present LVI of IBTR had higher risks for
recurrence and poor survival rates after IBTR. The study findings may help
in understanding the course and prognosis of IBTR patients and identifying
high-risk IBTR to establish management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yeon Baek
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, 65526University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jisun Kim
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, 65526University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il Yong Chung
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, 65526University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Seok Ko
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, 65526University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Kim
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, 65526University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, 65526University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Ho Son
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, 65526University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei-Hyun Ahn
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, 65526University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae Byul Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, 65526University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Ciria-Suarez L, Jiménez-Fonseca P, Palacín-Lois M, Antoñanzas-Basa M, Fernández-Montes A, Manzano-Fernández A, Castelo B, Asensio-Martínez E, Hernando-Polo S, Calderon C. Breast cancer patient experiences through a journey map: A qualitative study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257680. [PMID: 34550996 PMCID: PMC8457460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases in women. Prevention and treatments have lowered mortality; nevertheless, the impact of the diagnosis and treatment continue to impact all aspects of patients' lives (physical, emotional, cognitive, social, and spiritual). OBJECTIVE This study seeks to explore the experiences of the different stages women with breast cancer go through by means of a patient journey. METHODS This is a qualitative study in which 21 women with breast cancer or survivors were interviewed. Participants were recruited at 9 large hospitals in Spain and intentional sampling methods were applied. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview that was elaborated with the help of medical oncologists, nurses, and psycho-oncologists. Data were processed by adopting a thematic analysis approach. RESULTS The diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer entails a radical change in patients' day-to-day that linger in the mid-term. Seven stages have been defined that correspond to the different medical processes: diagnosis/unmasking stage, surgery/cleaning out, chemotherapy/loss of identity, radiotherapy/transition to normality, follow-up care/the "new" day-to-day, relapse/starting over, and metastatic/time-limited chronic breast cancer. The most relevant aspects of each are highlighted, as are the various cross-sectional aspects that manifest throughout the entire patient journey. CONCLUSIONS Comprehending patients' experiences in depth facilitates the detection of situations of risk and helps to identify key moments when more precise information should be offered. Similarly, preparing the women for the process they must confront and for the sequelae of medical treatments would contribute to decreasing their uncertainty and concern, and to improving their quality-of-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ciria-Suarez
- Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology Department, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Jiménez-Fonseca
- Medical Oncology Department Hospital Universitario Central of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Palacín-Lois
- Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology Department, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ana Fernández-Montes
- Medical Oncology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Ourense, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Castelo
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Susana Hernando-Polo
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Caterina Calderon
- Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology Department, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Dasman H, Harahap WA, Khambri D. Analysis Predictors of the Outcome of Adjuvant of Hormone Therapy on Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer in Indonesia. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: An existing study reported variation of the outcome of adjuvant hormone therapy on breast cancer.
AIM: This study aimed to examine predictors of the hormone therapy to the outcome of recurrence-free survival (RFS) of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer.
METHODS: In this cohort study, we followed up 219 eligible breast cancer patients with ER+ who had hormone therapy in 2017–2018. Age of patients, cancer stage, and various histopathology parameters were collected from the medical records, then we followed up with the patients within 2 years (2019–2020) to assess the RFS outcome. Bivariate analysis was conducted to assess the association between the clinicopathology parameters with RFS outcome. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression was also performed to see the dominant predictor. Mediation path analysis was also performed to determine the estimated effect of a predictor on the level of RFS and to see the visualization of the association of predictors with RFS.
RESULTS: Breast cancer RFS was 91.3% within 2 years of hormone therapy. The recurrent rate was only 8.7%, which most of them (68.4%) were local. There was no association of age, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status with RFS. Based on the molecular subtype, the RFS was better in luminal A (p = 0.045), and also better gradually in the lower stage (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis shows that the cancer stage was the dominant predictor of the RFS outcome (p = 0.001) with OR = 4.271 (Exp[B] = 1.937–9.417). Mediation analysis also found that there was a positively associated molecular subtype with RFS through cancer stage mediation (r = 16.7%, p = 0.006) but no statistically significant association of age, LVI, PR, and HER2 status (p > 0.005).
CONCLUSION: Cancer stage is the main predictor of RFS of hormone therapy outcome. Luminal A is most also likely to have a better outcome of RFS, especially mediated by the lower stage.
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27
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Gogate A, Wheeler SB, Reeder-Hayes KE, Ekwueme DU, Fairley TL, Drier S, Trogdon JG. Projecting the Prevalence and Costs of Metastatic Breast Cancer From 2015 through 2030. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2021; 5:pkab063. [PMID: 34409255 PMCID: PMC8364673 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkab063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study projected the number of metastatic breast cancer (mBC) cases and costs (medical and productivity) attributable to mBC through 2030 among 3 age groups: younger (aged 18-44 years), midlife (aged 45-64 years), and older women (aged 65 years and older). Methods We developed a stock/flow model in which women enter the mBC population at initial diagnosis (de novo stage IV) or through progression of an earlier-stage cancer. Women exit the mBC population through death. Input parameters by age and phase of treatment came from the US Census, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results and peer-reviewed literature. Results In 2030, we estimated there would be 246 194 prevalent cases of mBC, an increase of 54.8% from the 2015 estimate of 158 997. We estimated total costs (medical and productivity) of mBC across all age groups and phases of care were $63.4 billion (95% sensitivity range = $59.4-$67.4 billion) in 2015 and would increase to $152.4 billion (95% sensitivity range = $111.6-$220.4 billion) in 2030, an increase of 140%. Trends in estimated costs were higher for younger and midlife women than for older women. Conclusions The cost of mBC could increase substantially in the coming decade, especially among younger and midlife women. Although accounting for trends in incidence, progression, and survival, our model did not attempt to forecast structural changes such as technological innovations in breast cancer treatment and health-care delivery reforms. These findings can motivate early detection activities, direct value-driven mBC treatment, and provide a useful baseline against which to measure the effect of prevention and treatment efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anagha Gogate
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie B Wheeler
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katherine E Reeder-Hayes
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Donatus U Ekwueme
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Temeika L Fairley
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah Drier
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Justin G Trogdon
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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28
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Dahn HM, Boersma LJ, de Ruysscher D, Meattini I, Offersen BV, Pignol JP, Aristei C, Belkacemi Y, Benjamin D, Bese N, Coles CE, Franco P, Ho A, Hol S, Jagsi R, Kirby AM, Marrazzo L, Marta GN, Moran MS, Nichol AM, Nissen HD, Strnad V, Zissiadis YE, Poortmans P, Kaidar-Person O. The use of bolus in postmastectomy radiation therapy for breast cancer: A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 163:103391. [PMID: 34102286 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Post mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) reduces locoregional recurrence (LRR) and breast cancer mortality for selected patients. Bolus overcomes the skin-sparing effect of external-beam radiotherapy, ensuring adequate dose to superficial regions at risk of local recurrence (LR). This systematic review summarizes the current evidence regarding the impact of bolus on LR and acute toxicity in the setting of PMRT. RESULTS 27 studies were included. The use of bolus led to higher rates of acute grade 3 radiation dermatitis (pooled rates of 9.6% with bolus vs. 1.2% without). Pooled crude LR rates from thirteen studies (n = 3756) were similar with (3.5%) and without (3.6%) bolus. CONCLUSIONS Bolus may be indicated in cases with a high risk of LR in the skin, but seems not to be necessary for all patients. Further work is needed to define the role of bolus in PMRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Dahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
| | - Liesbeth J Boersma
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Dirk de Ruysscher
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Icro Meattini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "M. Serio", University of Florence, Radiation Oncology Unit - Oncology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy.
| | - Birgitte V Offersen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | | | - Cynthia Aristei
- Radiation Oncology Section Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia and Perugia General Hospital, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Yazid Belkacemi
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Henri Mondor Breast Center, University of Paris-Est (UPEC), Creteil, France; INSERM Unit 955, Team 21. IMRB, Creteil, France.
| | - Dori Benjamin
- Department of Physics, Radiation Oncology, Sheba medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.
| | - Nuran Bese
- Department of Clinical Senology, Research Institute of Senology Acibadem, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | - Pierfrancesco Franco
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy; Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy.
| | - Alice Ho
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Sandra Hol
- Instituut Verbeeten, Tilburg, the Netherlands.
| | - Reshma Jagsi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| | - Anna M Kirby
- Department of Radiotherapy, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK.
| | - Livia Marrazzo
- Medical Physics Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| | - Gustavo N Marta
- Department of Radiation Oncology - Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Alan M Nichol
- Department of Radiation Oncology, BC Cancer - Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | | | - Vratislav Strnad
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | | | - Philip Poortmans
- Iridium Netwerk and University of Antwerp, Wilrijk Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Orit Kaidar-Person
- Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology or GROW (Maastro), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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29
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Smit A, Coetzee B, Roomaney R, Swartz L. Understanding the subjective experiences of South African women with recurrent breast cancer: A qualitative study. J Health Psychol 2021; 27:1959-1970. [PMID: 33855880 DOI: 10.1177/13591053211002236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the subjective experiences of 12 South African women diagnosed with recurrent breast cancer. Women were invited to take part in unstructured narrative interviews, and to complete a diary in which they could reflect on their breast cancer experiences. Most responded to their recurrence with an optimistic stance. Religious beliefs and support structures were important coping strategies. Women's perceptions of their changed bodies varied from being of least concern, to becoming the most distressing aspect. The findings highlight the complexity of illness experience and the different ways in which women make sense of a second episode of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anri Smit
- Stellenbosch University, South Africa
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30
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Davey MG, Ryan ÉJ, Abd Elwahab S, Elliott JA, McAnena PF, Sweeney KJ, Malone CM, McLaughlin R, Barry MK, Keane MM, Lowery AJ, Kerin MJ. Clinicopathological correlates, oncological impact, and validation of Oncotype DX™ in a European Tertiary Referral Centre. Breast J 2021; 27:521-528. [PMID: 33709552 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.14217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oncotype DX™ (ODX) score estimates prognosis and predicts breast cancer recurrence. It also individualizes patient adjuvant chemotherapy prescription in breast cancer. This assay relies on genetic and molecular markers; the clinicopathological phenotype of which are tested routinely. The aim of this study was determine whether clinicopathological and immunohistochemical information predicts ODX recurrence score (RS). Secondly, to assess the impact on adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) and oncological outcome of ODX testing in patients in a European tertiary referral center. Estrogen receptor positive (ER+), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative (HER2-), lymph node negative (LN-), and female breast cancer patients with ODX testing performed between 2007 and 2015 were categorized into low- (<11), intermediate- (11-25), and high-risk (>25) groups. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical correlates of RS were determined. Predictors of RS were assessed using binary logistic regression. Oncological outcome was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. ODX was performed in 400 consecutive ER+LN- patients. Median follow-up was 74.1 months (3.0-144.4). Low grade (odds ratio [OR]:2.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.04-5.51, p = 0.041) independently predicted low ODX, while high grade (OR:2.04; 95% CI: 1.19-3.49, p = 0.009) and reduced progesterone receptor (PgR) expression (OR: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.42-4.65, p = 0.002) independently predicted high ODX. Omission of AC in intermediate- (p = 0.159) and high-risk (p = 0.702) groups did not negatively impact survival. In conclusion, tumor grade independently predicts low and high RS, while PgR negativity predicts high RS. ODX reduced AC prescription without compromising oncological outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Davey
- Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland.,The Lambe Institute for Translational Research, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Éanna J Ryan
- Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sami Abd Elwahab
- Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jessie A Elliott
- Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Peter F McAnena
- Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Karl J Sweeney
- Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Carmel M Malone
- Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ray McLaughlin
- Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Michael K Barry
- Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Maccon M Keane
- Department of Medical Oncology, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aoife J Lowery
- Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland.,The Lambe Institute for Translational Research, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Michael J Kerin
- Department of Surgery, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland.,The Lambe Institute for Translational Research, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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31
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Chae RP, Tsao SCH, Baker CB, Lippey J. Progressive silicone lymphadenopathy post mastectomy and implant reconstruction for breast cancer. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/2/e237711. [PMID: 33563690 PMCID: PMC7875285 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-237711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A 56-year-old woman with a 12-year history of recurrent triple-negative invasive carcinoma of the breast presented with progressive enlargement of lymph nodes in the setting of established rupture of the ipsilateral silicone breast implant. Although this was proven to be benign on cytology, its progressive nature led to repeated core biopsies for histology, which were necessary given the high-risk nature of triple-negative breast cancer and the multiple proven previous recurrences. The histology demonstrated features of silicone deposits without evidence of malignancy. This case demonstrates the dilemma in surveillance of high-risk patients with breast cancer who have had previous silicone lymphadenopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Park Chae
- Breast Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Jocelyn Lippey
- Breast Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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32
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Basu A, Upadhyay P, Ghosh A, Bose A, Gupta P, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay D, Adhikary A. Hyaluronic acid engrafted metformin loaded graphene oxide nanoparticle as CD44 targeted anti-cancer therapy for triple negative breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129841. [PMID: 33412224 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancer with limited treatment modalities. It is associated with high propensity of cancer recurrence. METHODS UV Spectroscopy, FTIR, DLS, Zeta potential, TEM and SEM were employed to characterize nanoparticles. MTT assay, Wound healing assay, SEM, Immunocytochemistry analysis, Western blot, RT-PCR, mammosphere formation assay were employed to study apoptosis, cell migration and stemness. Tumor regression was studied in chick embryo xenograft and BALB/c mice model. RESULTS Hylaluronic acid engrafted metformin loaded graphene oxide (HA-GO-Met) nanoparticles exhibited an anti-cancer efficacy at much lower dosage as compared to metformin alone. HA-GO-Met nanoparticles induced apoptosis and inhibited cell migration of TNBC cells by targeting miR-10b/PTEN axis via NFkB-p65. Upregulation of PTEN affected pAKT(473) expression that induced apoptosis. Cell migration was inhibited by reduction of pFAK/integrinβ1 expressions. Treatment inhibited epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and reduced stemness as evident from the increase in E-cadherin expression, inhibition of mammosphere formation and low expression levels of stemness markers including nanog, oct4 and sox2 as compared to control. Moreover, tumor regression was studied in chick embryo xenograft and BALB/c mice model. HA-GO-Met nanoparticle treatment reduced tumor load and nullified toxicity in peripheral organs imparted by tumor. CONCLUSIONS HA-GO-Met nanoparticles exhibited an enormous anti-cancer efficacy in TNBC in vitro and in vivo. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE HA-GO-Met nanoparticles induced apoptosis and attenuated cell migration in TNBC. It nullified overall toxicity imparted by tumor load. It inhibited EMT and reduced stemness and thereby addressed the issue of cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijita Basu
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt lake, Kolkata 700098, India
| | - Priyanka Upadhyay
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt lake, Kolkata 700098, India
| | - Avijit Ghosh
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt lake, Kolkata 700098, India
| | - Aparajita Bose
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Payal Gupta
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Sreya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Dipankar Chattopadhyay
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt lake, Kolkata 700098, India.
| | - Arghya Adhikary
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt lake, Kolkata 700098, India.
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Ibrahim HIM, Ismail MB, Ammar RB, Ahmed EA. Thidiazuron suppresses breast cancer via targeting miR-132 and dysregulation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway mediated by the miR-202-5p-PTEN axis. Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 99:374-384. [PMID: 33103467 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2020-0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemo-resistance and metastasis are the most common causes of breast cancer recurrence and death. Thidiazuron (TDZ) is a plant growth regulator (phytohormone) whose biological effects on humans and animals has not yet been determined. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of this phytohormone on the drug resistant-triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Treatment of the breast cancer cells with TDZ (1-50 μmol/L) caused more stressful environment and induced a significant increase in active caspase-positive cells. In addition, TDZ treatment (5 and 10 μmol/L) significantly attenuated the migration and the invasiveness of these highly metastatic cancer cells. Mechanistically, TDZ reduces cancer progression and invasiveness by targeting miR-202-5p, which stimulates the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), the tumor suppressor that downregulates the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Treatment with TDZ significantly upregulates miRNA-132, the suppressor of breast cancer proliferation, which is also implicated in dysregulation of the TEN-Akt-NFκB signaling pathway. Interestingly, our molecular docking analysis revealed a potential non-covalent interaction between TDZ and Akt, PTEN, and PI3K. These findings suggest that TDZ suppresses breast cancer metastasis by targeting miRNA-132, the miR-202-5p-PTEN axis, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway downstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairul-Islam Mohamed Ibrahim
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofouf, Alhasa 31982, Saudi Arabia.,Pondicherry Centre for Biological Science and Educational Trust, Pondicherry 605005, India
| | - Mohammad Bani Ismail
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofouf, Alhasa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rebai Ben Ammar
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofouf, Alhasa 31982, Saudi Arabia.,Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj-Cédria, PBOX 901, Hammam-lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Emad A Ahmed
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Hofouf, Alhasa 31982, Saudi Arabia.,Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
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34
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Chen SY, Tang Y, Wang SL, Song YW, Fang H, Wang JY, Jing H, Zhang JH, Sun GY, Zhao XR, Jin J, Liu YP, Chen B, Qi SN, Li N, Tang Y, Lu NN, Ren H, Yu ZH, Li YX. Timing of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Following Breast-Conserving Surgery for Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:571390. [PMID: 33072604 PMCID: PMC7538693 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.571390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy timing after breast conserving surgery (BCS) on recurrence and survival of women with early-stage breast cancer. Patients and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 900 patients who underwent BCS followed by both adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Of these, 488 women received chemotherapy first (CT-first group) while the other 412 received radiotherapy first (RT-first group). Locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant metastasis (DM), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and further confirmed with propensity-score matching (PSM) and the Cox proportional hazards model. The optimal cut-off value of interval time from surgery to the start of chemotherapy was calculated by Maxstat. Results The median follow-up was 7.1 years. In pre-match analysis, the CT-first group had a significantly higher 8-year DFS than the RT-first group (90.4% vs. 83.1%, P = 0.005). PSM analysis of 528 patients indicated that the 8-year DFS (91.0% vs. 83.3%, P = 0.005) and DM (8.6% vs. 14.6%, P = 0.017) were significantly better in the CT-first group, but that the OS (P = 0.096) and LRR (P = 0.434) were similar. We found the optimal cut-off value of interval from surgery to chemotherapy was 12 weeks. Patients starting chemotherapy later than 12 weeks after surgery had significantly inferior survival outcomes. Conclusion For women with breast cancer who require both chemotherapy and radiotherapy after BCS, adjuvant chemotherapy should be started within 12 weeks. Delaying the initiation of radiotherapy, for administration of long-course chemotherapy, does not compromise outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ye Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Lian Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Wen Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Yang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Jing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang-Hu Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yi Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Ran Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Ping Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Nan Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning-Ning Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Hao Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ye-Xiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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35
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Freije SL, Holmes JA, Rachidi S, Ellsworth SG, Zellars RC, Lautenschlaeger T. Demographic factors associated with missed follow-up among solid tumor patients treated at a large multi-site academic institution. Future Oncol 2020; 16:2635-2643. [PMID: 32976060 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To identify demographic predictors of patients who miss oncology follow-up, considering that missed follow-up has not been well studies in cancer patients. Methods: Patients with solid tumors diagnosed from 2007 to 2016 were analyzed (n = 16,080). Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to examine predictors of missed follow-up. Results: Our study revealed that 21.2% of patients missed ≥1 follow-up appointment. African-American race (odds ratio [OR] 1.33; 95% CI: 1.17-1.51), Medicaid insurance (OR 1.59; 1.36-1.87), no insurance (OR 1.66; 1.32-2.10) and rural residence (OR 1.78; 1.49-2.13) were associated with missed follow-up. Conclusion: Many cancer patients miss follow-up, and inadequate follow-up may influence cancer outcomes. Further research is needed on how to address disparities in follow-up care in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Freije
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jordan A Holmes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Saleh Rachidi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Susannah G Ellsworth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Richard C Zellars
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Tim Lautenschlaeger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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36
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Mok CW, Melissa Seet YL, Tan SM. Breast Cancer Multidisciplinary Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences and Strategies Used by a Singapore Breast Surgical Unit. BIO INTEGRATION 2020. [DOI: 10.15212/bioi-2020-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The overwhelming COVID-19 pandemic has forced healthcare institutions around the world to direct resources to manage the pandemic. This has resulted in a sudden acute limitation of resources to care for non-COVID patients with critical conditions. In Singapore, the
escalating situation has necessitated swift reaction in the Division of Breast Surgery in Changi General Hospital to develop strategies to support the battle against COVID-19 and yet deliver care to our breast cancer patients. This paper described the challenges faced and measures adopted
by the division during this pandemic in our multidisciplinary management of non-COVID breast cancer patients. It is our fervent hope that this article will serve as a guide for physicians in similar settings who are managing breast cancer patients amidst this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Wei Mok
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yert Li Melissa Seet
- Singhealth General Surgery Residency, Singapore Health Service (Singhealth), Singapore
| | - Su-Ming Tan
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
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37
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McEvoy AM, Poplack S, Nickel K, Olsen MA, Ademuyiwa F, Zoberi I, Odom E, Yu J, Chang SH, Gillanders WE. Cost-effectiveness analyses demonstrate that observation is superior to sentinel lymph node biopsy for postmenopausal women with HR + breast cancer and negative axillary ultrasound. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 183:251-262. [PMID: 32651755 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05768-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of axillary observation versus sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) after negative axillary ultrasound (AUS). In patients with clinical T1-T2 N0 breast cancer and negative AUS, SLNB is the current standard of care for axillary staging. However, SLNB is costly, invasive, decreasing in importance for medical decision-making, and is not considered therapeutic. Observation alone is currently being evaluated in randomized clinical trials, and is thought to be non-inferior to SLNB for patients with negative AUS. METHODS We performed cost-effectiveness analyses of observation versus SLNB after negative AUS in postmenopausal women with clinical T1-T2 N0, HR+/HER2- breast cancer. Costs at the 2016 price level were evaluated from a third-party commercial payer perspective using the MarketScan® Database. We compared cost, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and net monetary benefit (NMB). Multiple sensitivity analyses varying baseline probabilities, costs, utilities, and willingness-to-pay thresholds were performed. RESULTS Observation was superior to SLNB for patients with N0 and N1 disease, and for the entire patient population (NMB in US$: $655,659 for observation versus $641,778 for SLNB for the entire patient population). In the N0 and N1 groups, observation incurred lower cost and was associated with greater QALYs. SLNB was superior for patients with > 3 positive lymph nodes, representing approximately 5% of the population. Sensitivity analyses consistently demonstrated that observation is the optimal strategy for AUS-negative patients. CONCLUSION Considering both cost and effectiveness, observation is superior to SLNB in postmenopausal women with cT1-T2 N0, HR+/HER2- breast cancer and negative AUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubriana M McEvoy
- Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Steven Poplack
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Section of Breast Imaging, Washington, University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Katelin Nickel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Administrative Data Research, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Margaret A Olsen
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Center for Administrative Data Research, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Public Health Science, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Foluso Ademuyiwa
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Washington, University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Imran Zoberi
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington, University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elizabeth Odom
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Washington, University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer Yu
- Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Su-Hsin Chang
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Public Health Science, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - William E Gillanders
- Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8109, 4590 Children's Place, Suite 9600, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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38
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Kang J, Yu Y, Jeong S, Lee H, Heo HJ, Park JJ, Na HS, Ko DS, Kim YH. Prognostic role of high cathepsin D expression in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835920927838. [PMID: 32550865 PMCID: PMC7281710 DOI: 10.1177/1758835920927838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: High cathepsin D has been associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer;
however, the results of many studies are controversial. Here, we assessed
the association between high cathepsin D levels and worse breast cancer
prognosis by conducting a meta-analysis. Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was used to search relevant literature in
PUBMED and EMBASE by September 2018. The meta-analysis was performed in
Review Manager 5.3 using hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals
(CIs). Results: A total of 15,355 breast cancer patients from 26 eligible studies were
included in this meta-analysis. Significant associations between elevated
high cathepsin D and poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.61, 95% CI:
1.35–1.92, p < 0.0001) and disease-free survival (DFS)
(HR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.31–2.18, p < 0.001) were observed.
In the subgroup analysis for DFS, high cathepsin D was significantly
associated with poor prognosis in node-positive patients (HR = 1.38, 95% CI:
1.25–1.71, p < 0.00001), node-negative patients
(HR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.39–2.27, p < 0.0001), early stage
patients (HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.34–2.23, p < 0.0001), and
treated with chemotherapy patients (HR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.21–2.12,
p < 0.001). Interestingly, patients treated with
tamoxifen had a low risk of relapse when their cathepsin D levels were high
(HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.52–0.98, p = 0.04) and a high risk of
relapse when their cathepsin D levels were low (HR = 1.50, 95% CI:
1.22–1.85, p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis suggests that high expression levels of cathepsin D are
associated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer. Based on our subgroup
analysis, we believe that cathepsin D can act as a marker for poor breast
cancer prognosis and also as a therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junho Kang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Genomic Data Science, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeuni Yu
- Interdisciplinary Program of Genomic Data Science, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongdo Jeong
- Interdisciplinary Program of Genomic Data Science, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansong Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program of Genomic Data Science, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Heo
- Departmment of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Jun Park
- Departemt of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sam Na
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dai Sik Ko
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hak Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Department of Biomedical Informatics, Pusan National University, 49 Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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Huang X, Cai XY, Liu JQ, Hao WW, Zhou YD, Wang X, Xu Y, Chen C, Lin Y, Wang CJ, Song Y, Sun Q. Breast-conserving therapy is safe both within BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and noncarriers with breast cancer in the Chinese population. Gland Surg 2020; 9:775-787. [PMID: 32775268 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background BRCA1/2 mutation is associated with a high risk of breast cancer, which may preclude breast cancer patients with BRCA1/2 mutation from breast-conserving therapy (BCT) [breast-conserving surgery (BCS), followed by radiotherapy, BCT]. It is debatable whether BCT could be a rational choice for Chinese breast cancer patients with a BRCA1/2 mutation. Methods The study comprised a cohort of women with invasive breast cancer either receiving BCT or mastectomy following the criteria for the germline BRCA1/2 mutation test. Germline DNA for BRCA1/2 testing was derived from blood samples. Survival analyses were performed. The correlations were analyzed between survival and distinct types of surgery. To compare the survival between different surgical management, Kaplan-Meier univariate analysis and multivariate Cox regression was used. Results In BRCA1/2 mutation carriers (N=176) and noncarriers (N=293), 25% and 27.3% of the patients received BCT, respectively (P=0.675). Patients receiving mastectomy (without radiotherapy or followed by radiotherapy) have larger tumor size (P<0.05 both in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and noncarriers), prognostically worse tumor characteristics including significantly more advanced TNM stage (P=0.017 and P<0.0001 respectively) and more positive lymph nodes (P=0.008 and P<0.0001, respectively) both in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and noncarriers. Still, more often received systemic therapy has also been observed. After adjustment for clinical-pathological characteristics and systemic treatment, patients who received BCT had a similar breast cancer disease-free survival compared with patients who received mastectomy, both in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers and noncarriers [HR BRCA1/2 =1.17, confidence interval (CI): 0.57-2.39, P=0.68; HRnoncarriers =0.91, CI: 0.47-1.77, P=0.79, respectively). The recurrence free survival after BCT did not differ from mastectomy in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers [BCT, 5-year cumulative recurrence-free survival (RFS) =0.95, CI: 0.89-1.00; mastectomy, 5-year cumulative RFS =0.93, CI: 0.85-1.00], even better for BCT in noncarriers (BCT, 5-year cumulative RFS =0.67, CI: 0.42-0.89; mastectomy, 5-year cumulative RFS =0.83, CI: 0.71-0.95). Conclusions Thus, BCT may be a safe and rational choice for Chinese female breast cancer patients with a BRCA1/2 mutation. However, tumor size, the TNM stage, the number of positive lymph nodes, might be taken into consideration when choosing surgical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Departments of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Yu Cai
- Department of VIP Region, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Qi Liu
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Wen Hao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Dong Zhou
- Departments of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Departments of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Departments of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Departments of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Jun Wang
- Departments of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Song
- Departments of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Departments of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
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Walstra CJEF, Schipper RJ, Poodt IGM, Maaskant-Braat AJG, Luiten EJT, Vrancken Peeters MJTFD, Smidt ML, Degreef E, Voogd AC, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP. Multifocality in ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence - A study in ablative specimens. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 46:1471-1476. [PMID: 32402507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence and clinical significance of multifocality in ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) after breast-conserving therapy (BCT) are unclear. With growing interest in repeat BCT, this information has become of importance. This study aimed to gain insight in the incidence of multifocality in IBTR, to identify patient- and tumor-related predicting factors and to investigate the prognostic significance of multifocality. METHODS Two hundred and fifteen patients were included in this analysis. All had an IBTR after BCT and were treated by salvage mastectomy and appropriate adjuvant therapy. Predictive tumor- and patient-related factors for multifocality in IBTR were identified using X2 test and univariate logistic regression analyses. Prognostic outcomes were calculated using Kaplan Meier analysis and compared using the log rank test. RESULTS Multifocality was present in 50 (22.9%) of IBTR mastectomy specimens. Axillary positivity in IBTR was significantly associated with multifocality in IBTR. Chest wall re-recurrences occurred more often after multifocal IBTR (14% versus 7% after unifocal IBTR, p = 0.120). Regional re-recurrences did not differ significantly between unifocal and multifocal IBTR (8% vs. 6%, p = 0.773). Distant metastasis after salvage surgery occurred more frequently after multifocal IBTR (15% vs. 24%, p = 0.122). Overall survival was 132 months after unifocal IBTR and 112 months after multifocal IBTR (p = 0.197). CONCLUSION The prevalence of multifocality in IBTR is higher than in primary breast cancer. Axillary positivity in IBTR was associated with a multifocal IBTR. Chest wall re-recurrences and distant metastasis were, although not statistically significant, more prevalent after multifocal IBTR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ingrid G M Poodt
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Marjolein L Smidt
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen Degreef
- Department of Pathology, Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Adri C Voogd
- Department of Research, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands; GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Boeri C, Chiappa C, Galli F, De Berardinis V, Bardelli L, Carcano G, Rovera F. Machine Learning techniques in breast cancer prognosis prediction: A primary evaluation. Cancer Med 2020; 9:3234-3243. [PMID: 32154669 PMCID: PMC7196042 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 750 000 women in Italy are surviving a diagnosis of breast cancer. A large body of literature tells us which characteristics impact the most on their prognosis. However, the prediction of each disease course and then the establishment of a therapeutic plan and follow‐up tailored to the patient is still very complicated. In order to address this issue, a multidisciplinary approach has become widely accepted, while the Multigene Signature Panels and the Nottingham Prognostic Index are still discussed options. The current technological resources permit to gather many data for each patient. Machine Learning (ML) allows us to draw on these data, to discover their mutual relations and to esteem the prognosis for the new instances. This study provides a primary evaluation of the application of ML to predict breast cancer prognosis. We analyzed 1021 patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer in our Institute and we included 610 of them. Three outcomes were chosen: cancer recurrence (both loco‐regional and systemic) and death from the disease within 32 months. We developed two types of ML models for every outcome (Artificial Neural Network and Support Vector Machine). Each ML algorithm was tested in accuracy (=95.29%‐96.86%), sensitivity (=0.35‐0.64), specificity (=0.97‐0.99), and AUC (=0.804‐0.916). These models might become an additional resource to evaluate the prognosis of breast cancer patients in our daily clinical practice. Before that, we should increase their sensitivity, according to literature, by considering a wider population sample with a longer period of follow‐up. However, specificity, accuracy, minimal additional costs, and reproducibility are already encouraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Boeri
- SSD Breast Unit - ASST-Settelaghi Varese, Senology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Corrado Chiappa
- SSD Breast Unit - ASST-Settelaghi Varese, Senology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Federica Galli
- SSD Breast Unit - ASST-Settelaghi Varese, Senology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Valentina De Berardinis
- SSD Breast Unit - ASST-Settelaghi Varese, Senology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Laura Bardelli
- SSD Breast Unit - ASST-Settelaghi Varese, Senology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Giulio Carcano
- SSD Breast Unit - ASST-Settelaghi Varese, Senology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Francesca Rovera
- SSD Breast Unit - ASST-Settelaghi Varese, Senology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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Gene Expression Profiling Tests for Early-Stage Invasive Breast Cancer: A Health Technology Assessment. ONTARIO HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT SERIES 2020; 20:1-234. [PMID: 32284770 PMCID: PMC7143374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a disease in which cells in the breast grow out of control. They often form a tumour that may be seen on an x-ray or felt as a lump.Gene expression profiling (GEP) tests are intended to help predict the risk of metastasis (spread of the cancer to other parts of the body) and to identify people who will most likely benefit from chemotherapy. We conducted a health technology assessment of four GEP tests (EndoPredict, MammaPrint, Oncotype DX, and Prosigna) for people with early-stage invasive breast cancer, which included an evaluation of effectiveness, safety, cost effectiveness, the budget impact of publicly funding GEP tests, and patient preferences and values. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search of the clinical evidence. We assessed the risk of bias of each included study using either the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool (PROBAST), or Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized Studies (RoBANS), depending on the type of study and outcome of interest, and the quality of the body of evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group criteria. We also performed a literature survey of the quantitative evidence of preferences and values of patients and providers for GEP tests.We performed an economic evidence review to identify published studies assessing the cost-effectiveness of each of the four GEP tests compared with usual care or with one another for people with early-stage invasive breast cancer. We adapted a decision-analytic model to compare the costs and outcomes of care that includes a GEP test with usual care without a GEP test over a lifetime horizon. We also estimated the budget impact of publicly funding GEP tests to be conducted in Ontario, compared with funding tests conducted through the out-of-country program and compared with no funding of tests in any location.To contextualize the potential value of GEP tests, we spoke with people who have been diagnosed with early-stage invasive breast cancer. RESULTS We included 68 studies in the clinical evidence review. Within the lymph-node-negative (LN-) population, GEP tests can prognosticate the risk of distant recurrence (GRADE: Moderate) and may predict chemotherapy benefit (GRADE: Low). The evidence for prognostic and predictive ability (ability to indicate the risk of an outcome and ability to predict who will benefit from chemotherapy, respectively) was lower for the lymph-node-positive (LN+) population (GRADE: Very Low to Low). GEP tests may also lead to changes in treatment (GRADE: Low) and generally may increase physician confidence in treatment recommendations (GRADE: Low).Our economic evidence review showed that GEP tests are generally cost-effective compared with usual care.Our primary economic evaluation showed that all GEP test strategies were more effective (led to more quality-adjusted life-years [QALYs]) than usual care and can be considered cost-effective below a willingness-to-pay of $20,000 per QALY gained. There was some uncertainty in our results. At a willingness-to-pay of $50,000 per QALY gained, the probability of each test being cost-effective compared to usual care was 63.0%, 89.2%, 89.2%, and 100% for EndoPredict, MammaPrint, Oncotype DX, and Prosigna, respectively.Sensitivity analyses showed our results were robust to variation in subgroups considered (i.e., LN+ and premenopausal), discount rates, age, and utilities. However, cost parameter assumptions did influence our results. Our scenario analysis comparing tests showed Oncotype DX was likely cost-effective compared with MammaPrint, and Prosigna was likely cost-effective compared with EndoPredict. When the GEP tests were compared with a clinical tool, the cost-effectiveness of the tests varied. Assuming a higher uptake of GEP tests, we estimated the budget impact to publicly fund GEP tests in Ontario would be between $1.29 million (Year 1) and $2.22 million (Year 5) compared to the current scenario of publicly funded GEP tests through the out-of-country program.Gene expression profiling tests are valued by patients and physicians for the additional information they provide for treatment decision-making. Patients are satisfied with what they learn from GEP tests and feel GEP tests can help reduce decisional uncertainty and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS Gene expression profiling tests can likely prognosticate the risk of distant recurrence and some tests may also predict chemotherapy benefit. In people with breast cancer that is ER+, LN-, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, GEP tests are likely cost-effective compared with no testing. The GEP tests are also likely cost-effective in LN+ and premenopausal people. Compared with funding GEP tests through the out-of-country program, publicly funding GEP tests in Ontario would cost an additional $1 million to $2 million annually, assuming a higher uptake of tests. GEP tests are valued by both patients and physicians for chemotherapy treatment decision-making.
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Burke EE, Laronga C, Sun W, DeBiase S, Naqvi SMH, Fridley B, Czerniecki BJ, Hoover SJ, Khakpour N, Kiluk JV, Lee MC. Implant-sparing Mastectomy: An Alternative for Women Undergoing Mastectomy With Retropectoral Implants. Clin Breast Cancer 2020; 20:e14-e19. [PMID: 31780380 PMCID: PMC7771331 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Implant-sparing mastectomy (ISM) is a skin-sparing mastectomy that preserves a retropectoral implant and potentially eliminates the need for tissue expansion or complex reconstruction. This study aimed to determine oncologic and surgical outcomes and reconstructive patterns in patients undergoing ISM. PATIENTS AND METHODS A single-institution, retrospective review of patients undergoing ISM from 2006 to 2018 was performed. Patient/tumor characteristics, stage, adjuvant therapy use, 90-day complication rates, reconstruction type, and disease recurrence were collected. RESULTS A total of 121 ISMs in 73 women were performed. Seventy (57.9%) ISMs were for breast cancer (BC) treatment and 51 (42.1%) for prophylaxis. Among BC cases, 72.3% were cT1/cT2 and 73.8% were cN0; 72.3% received systemic therapy and 33.8% received radiation therapy. There were 3 deaths owing to BC at the median follow-up of 35 months. Among 5 recurrences, only 1 was local. There was no BC identified after prophylactic ISM. Total 90-day complication rate per ISM was 15.7%. Rates were 0.8% for both seroma and wound infection, 2.5% for wound dehiscence, 3.3% for hematoma, and 8.2% for skin necrosis. The majority (72.6%) of patients required only implant exchange for reconstruction. Overall use of autologous reconstruction was low (12.3%); 77.8% of flaps were performed in patients receiving radiation therapy. CONCLUSION ISM is a unique approach for patients pursuing mastectomy for BC treatment or prevention with equivalent oncologic outcomes and complication rates to mastectomy with reconstruction. Reconstruction for the majority was markedly simplified by elimination of tissue expansion while maintaining a low rate of flap reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Burke
- Breast Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | | | - Weihong Sun
- Breast Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Steven DeBiase
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
| | | | - Brooke Fridley
- Biostatistics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | | | - Susan J Hoover
- Breast Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | | | - John V Kiluk
- Breast Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
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Thompson TD, Pollack LA, Johnson CJ, Wu XC, Rees JR, Hsieh MC, Rycroft R, Culp M, Wilson R, Wu M, Zhang K, Benard V. Breast and colorectal cancer recurrence and progression captured by five U.S. population-based registries: Findings from National Program of Cancer Registries patient-centered outcome research. Cancer Epidemiol 2020; 64:101653. [PMID: 31918179 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.101653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cancer recurrence is a meaningful patient outcome that is not captured in population-based cancer surveillance. This project supported National Program of Cancer Registries central cancer registries in five U.S. states to determine the disease course of all breast and colorectal cancer cases. The aims were to assess the feasibility of capturing disease-free (DF) status and subsequent cancer outcomes and to explore analytic approaches for future studies. METHODS Data were obtained on 11,769 breast and 6033 colorectal cancer cancers diagnosed in 2011. Registry-trained abstractors reviewed medical records from multiple sources for up to 60 months to determine documented DF status, recurrence, progression and residual disease. We described the occurrence of these patient-centered outcomes along with analytic considerations when determining time-to-event outcomes and recurrence-free survival. RESULTS Disease-free status was determined on all but 3.8 % of cancer cases. Among 14,458 cases that became DF, 6.1 % of breast and 13.0 % of colorectal cancer cases had a documented recurrence. Recurrence-free survival varied by stage; for stage II-III cancers at 48 months, 83.2 % of female breast and 69.2 % of colorectal cancer patients were alive without recurrence. The ability to distinguish between progression and residual disease among never disease-free patients limited our ability to examine progression as an outcome. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that population-based registries given intense support and resources can capture recurrence and offer a generalizable picture of cancer outcomes. Further work on refining definitions, sampling strategies, and novel approaches to capture recurrence could advance the ability of a national cancer surveillance system to contribute to patient-centered outcomes research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor D Thompson
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Lori A Pollack
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.
| | | | - Xiao-Cheng Wu
- Louisiana Tumor Registry, EpidemiologyProgram, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Judy R Rees
- New Hampshire State Cancer Registry, Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire and Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Mei-Chin Hsieh
- Louisiana Tumor Registry, EpidemiologyProgram, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Randi Rycroft
- Cancer Data Registry of Idaho, Idaho Hospital Association, Boise, ID, United States; Colorado Central Cancer Registry, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, Denver, CO, United States
| | | | - Reda Wilson
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Manxia Wu
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Vicki Benard
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Vasheghani Farahani M, Ataee Dizaji P, Rashidi H, Mokarian F, Biglarian A. Application of Multi-State Model in Analyzing of Breast Cancer Data. J Res Health Sci 2020; 19:e00465. [PMID: 32291364 PMCID: PMC7183561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The multistate model is used generally to fit the longitudinal data. This model can determine the natural trend of disease progress in different states of treatment, recuperate, metastasis and finally death. We aimed to use multistate models in order to analyzing breast cancer (BC) data. STUDY DESIGN A historical cohort study. METHODS In this historical cohort study, 573 women with BC were studied. These patients were referred to Isfahan Sayed-o-Shohada Hospital during 1999-2006 and followed up to Apr 2017. The corresponding provided data were gathered by Isfahan Cancer Prevention Center. Then data analyzed by multistate models in R 3.4.1 software. RESULTS The mean and standard deviation of women age were 47.19±10.77 years. The transition probability from state of first treatment to recuperate state was 71%, to metastasis state 2% and to death was 16%. The sojourn time in different states of disease was 2.39 yr for first treatment, 6.93 yr for recuperate and 0.16 yr for death. CONCLUSION This model is able to predict the transition probabilities in different state of disease, so its results are useful for clinical researches. In addition, with transition probabilities and also survival mean in each state in hand, the physicians will be able to suggest suitable treatment plans for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parisa Ataee Dizaji
- 1Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Rashidi
- 1Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariborz Mokarian
- 2Faculty of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Akbar Biglarian
- 3Department of Biostatistics, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Correspondence : Akbar Biglarian (PhD) Tel: +98(21)022180146 E-mail:
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Huis In't Veld EA, van Seventer IC, van Teeseling L, van Thienen JV, Crijns MB. Is routine skin examination in metastatic melanoma patients treated with immuno- or targeted therapy necessary? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 34:e175-e176. [PMID: 31793062 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E A Huis In't Veld
- Department of Dermatology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I C van Seventer
- Department of Dermatology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L van Teeseling
- Department of Dermatology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J V van Thienen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M B Crijns
- Department of Dermatology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Itani N, Grogan N, Mott S, Phadke S. Metastatic Presentations of Previously Treated Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients and Association With Survival. Clin Breast Cancer 2019; 20:209-214. [PMID: 32007466 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing surveillance often fear recurrence. Given that routine imaging is not recommended, recognizing metastatic disease early requires a knowledge of recurrence patterns. The aim of this study was to analyze the most common presentations of metastatic disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective review was conducted of patients who were initially diagnosed with early-stage BC and who later developed metastatic disease. Data collected included method of metastatic disease diagnosis, types of symptoms at diagnosis, and survival. Chi-square tests as well as logistic and Cox regression models were used. RESULTS Metastatic diagnoses were made from reported symptoms in 77.6% of patients, clinical examination in 3.2%, and 7.8% incidentally on imaging. Among those with symptoms, musculoskeletal pain was the most common (33.7%) and was more frequently noted at scheduled (48.9%) compared to acute-care visits (26.0%, P < .01). Receptor status was associated with nervous system symptoms at metastasis (P = .01), with higher odds of nervous system symptoms in triple-negative (odds ratio = 3.02) compared to estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor-positive, HER2- cases. On multivariable analysis, initial stage (P = .03), receptor status (P < .01), age (P < .01), and time to recurrence (P < .01) were significantly associated with 10-year survival after diagnosis of metastasis, whereas the presence of symptoms was not (P = .27). Providers of BC patients undergoing surveillance should modify their threshold of suspicion for recurrence depending on the characteristics of the initial diagnosis and the symptoms subsequently reported. CONCLUSION In this retrospective study, patients who presented with symptoms did not have shorter survival compared to those who were diagnosed in other ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla Itani
- Conway Medical Center Cancer Center, Conway, South Carolina
| | - Nicole Grogan
- Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sarah Mott
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA
| | - Sneha Phadke
- Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA.
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Poodt IGM, Vugts G, Schipper RJ, Roumen RMH, Rutten HJT, Maaskant-Braat AJG, Voogd AC, Nieuwenhuijzen GAP. Prognostic impact of repeat sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence. Br J Surg 2019; 106:574-585. [PMID: 30908615 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence (IBTR) has an unfavourable prognosis, with a significant subsequent risk of distant recurrence. Repeat sentinel lymph node biopsy (rSLNB) has recently been demonstrated to be technically feasible and useful in tailoring adjuvant treatment plans in patients with IBTR. The prognostic impact of rSLNB in patients with IBTR remains unclear. This study analysed the risk of distant recurrence after IBTR, and evaluated the prognostic impact of rSLNB and other patient and tumour characteristics on distant recurrence-free survival. METHODS Data were obtained from the SNARB (Sentinel Node and Recurrent Breast Cancer) study. Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed to assess the prognostic effect of tumour, patient and treatment factors on distant recurrence-free survival. RESULTS Of the 515 included patients, 230 (44·7 per cent) had a tumour-negative rSLNB and 46 (8·9 per cent) a tumour-positive rSLNB. In 239 patients (46·4 per cent) the rSLNB procedure was unsuccessful. After a median follow-up of 5·1 years, 115 patients (22·3 per cent) had developed a recurrence. The overall 5-year distant recurrence-free survival rate was 84·2 (95 per cent c.i. 80·7 to 87·7) per cent. An interval of less than 2 years between primary breast cancer treatment and ipsilateral recurrence (P = 0·018), triple-negative IBTR (P = 0·045) and absence of adjuvant chemotherapy after IBTR (P = 0·010) were independently associated with poor distant recurrence-free survival. The association between the outcome of rSLNB and distant recurrence-free survival was not statistically significant (P = 0·682). CONCLUSION The outcome of rSLNB is not an important prognostic factor for distant recurrence, and its value as a staging tool in patients with IBTR seems disputable.
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Affiliation(s)
- I G M Poodt
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - G Vugts
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - R J Schipper
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - R M H Roumen
- Department of Surgery, Maxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven/Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - H J T Rutten
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - A J G Maaskant-Braat
- Department of Surgery, Maxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven/Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - A C Voogd
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Research, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
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A Predictor of Early Disease Recurrence in Patients With Breast Cancer Using a Cell-free RNA and Protein Liquid Biopsy. Clin Breast Cancer 2019; 20:108-116. [PMID: 31607655 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circulating biomarkers have been increasingly used in the clinical management of breast cancer. The present study evaluated whether RNAs and a protein present in the plasma of patients with breast cancer might have utility as prognostic biomarkers complementary to existing clinical tests. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed microarray profiling of small noncoding RNAs in plasma samples from 30 patients with breast cancer and 10 control individuals. Two small noncoding RNAs, including microRNA (miR)-923, were selected and quantified in plasma samples from an evaluation cohort of 253 patients with breast cancer, using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. We also measured cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 protein levels in these samples. Cox regression survival analysis was used to determine which markers were associated with patient prognosis. RESULTS As independent markers of prognosis, the plasma levels of miR-923 and CA 15-3 at the time of surgery for breast cancer were significantly associated with prognosis, irrespective of treatment (Cox proportional hazards, P = 3.9 × 10-3 and 1.9 × 10-9, respectively). After building a multivariable model with standard clinical and pathological features, the addition of miR-923 and CA 15-3 information into the model resulted in a significantly better predictor of disease recurrence in patients, irrespective of treatment, compared with the use of clinicopathological data alone (area under the curve at 3 years, 0.858 vs. 0.770 with clinicopathological markers only; P = .017). CONCLUSION We propose that the plasma levels of miR-923 and CA 15-3, combined with standard clinicopathological predictors, could be used as a preoperative, noninvasive estimate of patient prognosis to identify which women might need more aggressive treatment or closer surveillance after surgery for breast cancer.
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Prognostic Impact of Breast-Conserving Therapy Versus Mastectomy of BRCA1/2 Mutation Carriers Compared With Noncarriers in a Consecutive Series of Young Breast Cancer Patients. Ann Surg 2019; 270:364-372. [DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000002804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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