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Buck B, Muniz-Rodriguez K, Jillson S, Huang LT, Adhikari A, Jacob N, Wei Y, Zhang J. Pet ownership and risk of dying from cancer: observation from a nationally representative cohort. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2020; 30:105-116. [PMID: 30758233 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1577366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We longitudinally examined the relationship between pet ownership and risk of dying from cancer in a nationally representative cohort of 13,725 adults in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. The vital status was followed through 31 December 2010. Women who owned pets (any type) presented one-year shorter survival time (15.88 years) than non-pet owner (16.83 years). A larger difference of survival time was particularly seen in bird owners (13.01 years) compared to non-bird owners (16.82 years). After adjusting for potential confounders, hazard ratio (HR) of dying from cancer associated with any type of pets was 1.08 (95% CI = 0.77-1.50) for men and 1.40 (1.01-1.93) for women. The association in women was presumably driven by owning birds [HR 2.41 (1.34-4.31)] or cats [HR 1.48 (0.97-2.24)]. Keeping birds and cats in the household was associated with an increased risk of dying from cancer, especially in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Buck
- Department of Epidemiology, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Kamalich Muniz-Rodriguez
- Department of Epidemiology, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Sarah Jillson
- Department of Epidemiology, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Li-Ting Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Atin Adhikari
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Naduparambil Jacob
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yudan Wei
- Department of Community Medicine, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, GA, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
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Cong W, Meng QF, Song HQ, Zhou DH, Huang SY, Qian AD, Su C, Zhu XQ. Seroprevalence and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in three species of pet birds in China. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:152. [PMID: 24690251 PMCID: PMC3974739 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Toxoplasmosis, caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, is one of the most common zoonosis worldwide, affecting a wide range of warm-blooded mammals and birds worldwide. However, no information on T. gondii infection in pet birds in China is available. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the prevalence of T. gondii infection in pet birds in Gansu province, China. Methods A total of 687 blood samples were collected from pet birds (Carduelis spinus, Alauda gulgula, Cocothraustes migratorlus) in three representative administrative regions in Gansu province, northwest China between August 2011 and September 2012 T. gondii antibodies were determined using the modified agglutination test (MAT). Genomic DNA was extracted from the brain tissues of seropositive pet birds and T. gondii B1 gene was amplified using a semi-nested PCR.DNA samples giving positive B1 amplification were then genetically characterized using multi-locus PCR-RFLP. Results The overall T. gondii seroprevalence was 11.21% (77/687). C. spinus had the highest T. gondii seroprevalence (11.65%), followed by A. arvensis (11.39%) and C. migratorlus (5.26%), these differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Of 77 DNA samples, 8 were positive for the T. gondii B1 gene, four showed complete genotyping results. Only one genotype (the Type II variant: ToxoDB genotype #3) was identified. Conclusions The results of the present survey indicated the presence of T. gondii infection in pet birds in Gansu province, China. These data provide base-line information for the execution of control strategies against T. gondii infection in pet birds. To our knowledge, this is the first report documenting the occurrence of T. gondii prevalence and genotype in pet birds in China.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China.
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Wang J, Cozen W, Thorne PS, Berhane K, Cerhan JR, Hartge P, Ward MH, De Roos AJ, Severson RK, Morton LM, Bernstein L, Linet MS, Colt JS. Household endotoxin levels and the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 24:357-64. [PMID: 23277417 PMCID: PMC3800025 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-012-0121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endotoxin, a component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, elicits a strong innate and inflammatory immune response associated with the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Because TNF-α polymorphisms that increase TNF-α production are associated with an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), we hypothesized that increased levels of household endotoxin would be associated with an increased NHL risk. METHODS We evaluated this association in the National Cancer Institute/Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (NCI/SEER) NHL multicenter population-based case-control study. Used vacuum cleaner bags were collected from participants during a home interview. Dust samples from the bags of 594 cases and 442 controls were analyzed for endotoxin [endotoxin unit (EU)/mg of dust] using the kinetic chromogenic Limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of endotoxin on NHL risk adjusted for age, sex, race, education, study center, and farm exposure. RESULTS Endotoxin was not associated with NHL overall [odds ratio (OR) for highest quartile of endotoxin levels = 0.81, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.55, 1.20; p for trend = 0.35] or with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (OR = 0.63, 95 % CI = 0.34, 1.16; p = 0.31) or follicular lymphoma (OR = 1.07, 95 % CI = 0.61, 1.89; p = 0.73) subtypes. Both working and living on a farm were associated with higher household endotoxin levels compared to never working (p = 0.009) or living (p = 0.01) on a farm. Excluding farmers from the analysis did not change the results. CONCLUSIONS We found no evidence of a role for household endotoxin in NHL etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Wendy Cozen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Pathology, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Peter S. Thorne
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - James R. Cerhan
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Patricia Hartge
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Mary H. Ward
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Anneclaire J. De Roos
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Richard K. Severson
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Lindsay M. Morton
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Leslie Bernstein
- Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Martha S. Linet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
| | - Joanne S. Colt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD
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