Elevated levels of sIL-2R, TNF-α and hs-CRP are independent risk factors for post percutaneous coronary intervention coronary slow flow in patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome

The relationship between neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio and slow and normal coronary flow phenomenon

BACKGROUND

The relationship between several inflammatory biomarkers and slow coronary flow phenomenon(SCFP) has been reported. However, the correlation between neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) and SCFP is lacking. In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship between NPAR and SCFP.

METHODS

A total of 228 patients were enrolled in this study according to the diagnostic and exclusion criteria. 76 patients were included in the SCFP group, and 152 age-matched patients were included in the normal coronary flow (NCF) group. The baseline data, laboratory parameters and coronary angiography were recorded and compared.

RESULTS

The values of NPAR were significantly higher in the SCFP group than those in the NCF group (1.78[1.58,1.88] vs. 1.42[1.24,1.66], P < 0.001). NPAR elevated as the number of vessels involved SCFP increased. In the multiple logistic regression tests, NPAR was an independent predictor of SCFP (OR: 1.239, 95%CI: 1.124-1.367, p < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the cutoff value of NPAR for predicting SCFP was > 1.57 with a 76.3% sensitivity and 67.1% specificity [the area under the curve (AUC) = 0.727, 95%CI: 0.659-0.795, p < 0.001]. NPAR had a better predictive value of SCFP than neutrophil percentage, but not albumin.

CONCLUSION

Elevated NPAR may be an independent and valuable predictor of SCFP.

Determining the association of inflammatory markers, cell-adhesion molecules, and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers with ACS in Indian population

The observational study aims to evaluate inflammatory markers, cell adhesion molecules (CAM) and endothelial dysfunction markers as biomarkers in Indian ACS patients with no conventional risk factors. The study population included 110 healthy individuals and 102 ACS patients without any history of conventional risk factors, except smoking and alcoholism, were included. Patient history, biochemical parameters and levels of biomarkers were estimated. ACS patients had a significant elevation in the circulatory levels of biomarkers, such as IL-6, TNF-α, MCP1, MMP9, VCAM1, ICAM1 and E-selectin. CAM, inflammatory and endothelial biomarkers could help devise strategies for early, effective treatment of ACS.

Advances in cardiovascular-related biomarkers to predict diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. One of the most common types is distal symmetric poly-neuropathy, which begins as bilateral symmetry pain and hyperesthesia and gradually progresses into hypoesthesia with nerve fibre disorder and is frequently accompanied by depression and anxiety. Notably, more than half of patients with DPN can be asymptomatic, which tends to delay early detection. Furthermore, the study of adverse outcomes showed that DPN is a prominent risk factor for foot ulceration, gangrene and nontraumatic amputation, which decreases quality of life. Thus, it is essential to develop convenient diagnostic biomarkers with high sensitivity for screening and early intervention. It has been reported that there may be common pathways for microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. The pathogenesis of both disorders involves vascular endothelial dys-function. Emerging evidence indicates that traditional and novel cardiovascular-related biomarkers have the potential to characterize patients by subclinical disease status and improve risk prediction. Additionally, beyond traditional cardiovascular-related biomarkers, novel cardiovascular-related biomarkers have been linked to diabetes and its complications. In this review, we evaluate the association between major traditional and nontraditional car-diovascular-related biomarkers of DPN, such as cardiac troponin T, B-type natriuretic peptide, C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase, and homocysteine, and assess the evidence for early risk factor-based management strategies to reduce the incidence and slow the progression of DPN.