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Ponzini E. Tear biomarkers. Adv Clin Chem 2024; 120:69-115. [PMID: 38762243 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
An extensive exploration of lacrimal fluid molecular biomarkers in understanding and diagnosing a spectrum of ocular and systemic diseases is presented. The chapter provides an overview of lacrimal fluid composition, elucidating the roles of proteins, lipids, metabolites, and nucleic acids within the tear film. Pooled versus single-tear analysis is discussed to underline the benefits and challenges associated with both approaches, offering insights into optimal strategies for tear sample analysis. Subsequently, an in-depth analysis of tear collection methods is presented, with a focus on Schirmer's test strips and microcapillary tubes methods. Alternative tear collection techniques are also explored, shedding light on their applicability and advantages. Variability factors, including age, sex, and diurnal fluctuations, are examined in the context of their impact on tear biomarker analysis. The main body of the chapter is dedicated to discussing specific biomarkers associated with ocular discomfort and a wide array of ocular diseases. From dry eye disease and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy to keratoconus, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma, the intricate relationship between molecular biomarkers and these conditions is thoroughly dissected. Expanding beyond ocular pathologies, the chapter explores the applicability of tear biomarkers in diagnosing systemic diseases such as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cancer. This broader perspective underscores the potential of lacrimal fluid analysis in offering non-invasive diagnostic tools for conditions with far-reaching implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ponzini
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy; COMiB Research Center, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
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2
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Liu J, Liu H, Huang S, Peng H, Li J, Tu K, Tan S, Xie R, Lei L, Yue Q, Gao H, Cai L. Multiple Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Through Gambogic Acid-Loaded Mesoporous Polydopamine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2309583. [PMID: 38446095 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous subtype of breast cancer, characterized by aggressiveness and high recurrence rate. As monotherapy provides limited benefit to TNBC patients, combination therapy emerges as a promising treatment approach. Gambogic acid (GA) is an exceedingly promising anticancer agent. Nonetheless, its application potential is hampered by low drug loading efficiency and associated toxic side effects. To overcome these limitations, using mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA) endowed with photothermal conversion capabilities is considered as a delivery vehicle for GA. Meanwhile, GA can inhibit the activity of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) to enhance the photothermal effect. Herein, GA-loaded MPDA nanoparticles (GA@MPDA NPs) are developed with a high drug loading rate of 75.96% and remarkable photothermal conversion performance. GA@MPDA NPs combined with photothermal treatment (PTT) significantly inhibit the tumor growth, and effectively trigger the immunogenic cell death (ICD), which thereby increase the number of activated effector T cells (CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells) in the tumor, and hoist the level of immune-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6, and TNF-α). The above results suggest that the combination of GA@MPDA NPs with PTT expected to activate the antitumor immune response, thus potentially enhancing the clinical therapeutic effect on TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Hong Peng
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Science, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Jiamei Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Kerong Tu
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Sumin Tan
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Wenjiang District People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Rou Xie
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Qin Yue
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Science, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Lulu Cai
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
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Thakur D, Sengupta D, Mahapatra E, Das S, Sarkar R, Mukherjee S. Glucocorticoid receptor: a harmonizer of cellular plasticity in breast cancer-directs the road towards therapy resistance, metastatic progression and recurrence. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:481-499. [PMID: 38170347 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10163-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Recent therapeutic advances have significantly uplifted the quality of life in breast cancer patients, yet several impediments block the road to disease-free survival. This involves unresponsiveness towards administered therapy, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and metastatic progression with the eventual appearance of recurrent disease. Attainment of such characteristics is a huge adaptive challenge to which tumour cells respond by acquiring diverse phenotypically plastic states. Several signalling networks and mediators are involved in such a process. Glucocorticoid receptor being a mediator of stress response imparts prognostic significance in the context of breast carcinoma. Involvement of the glucocorticoid receptor in the signalling cascade of breast cancer phenotypic plasticity needs further elucidation. This review attempted to shed light on the inter-regulatory interactions of the glucocorticoid receptor with the mediators of the plasticity program in breast cancer; which may provide a hint for strategizing therapeutics against the glucocorticoid/glucocorticoid receptor axis so as to modulate phenotypic plasticity in breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debanjan Thakur
- Department of Environmental Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700 026, India
| | - Debomita Sengupta
- Department of Environmental Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700 026, India
| | - Elizabeth Mahapatra
- Department of Environmental Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700 026, India
| | - Salini Das
- Department of Environmental Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700 026, India
| | - Ruma Sarkar
- B. D. Patel Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT Campus, Changa, Gujarat, 388421, India
| | - Sutapa Mukherjee
- Department of Environmental Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700 026, India.
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Chen J, Zhang X, Zhang J, Wang Z, Zhu G, Geng M, Zhu J, Chen Y, Wang W, Xu Y. Multifunctional hydrogel for synergistic reoxygenation and chemo/photothermal therapy in metastatic breast cancer recurrence and wound infection. J Control Release 2024; 365:74-88. [PMID: 37972761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic recurrence and postoperative wound infection are two major challenges for breast cancer patients. In this study, a multifunctional responsive hydrogel system was developed for synergistic reoxygenation and chemo/photothermal therapy in metastatic breast cancer and wound infection. The hydrogel system was obtained by cross-linking Prussian blue-modified N-carboxyethyl chitosan (PBCEC) and oxidized sodium alginate using the amino and aldehyde groups on the polysaccharides, resulting in the formation of responsive dynamic imine bonds. Conditioned stimulation (e.g., acid microenvironment) enabled the controlled swelling of hydrogels as well as subsequent slow release of loaded doxorubicin (DOX). Additionally, this hydrogel system decomposed endogenous reactive oxygen species into oxygen to relieve the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and promote the healing of infected-wounds. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the synergistic reoxygenation and chemo/photothermal effects of the PB/DOX hydrogel system against metastatic breast cancer and its recurrence, as well as postoperative wound infection. Thus, the combination of reoxygenation and chemo/photothermal therapy represents a novel strategy for treating and preventing tumor recurrence and associated wound infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Medicinal and Food Homologous Natural Resources Exploration, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Green Food Rural Revitalization Collaborative Technology Service Center of Anhui, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China.
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Jinshen Zhang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Medicinal and Food Homologous Natural Resources Exploration, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Green Food Rural Revitalization Collaborative Technology Service Center of Anhui, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Guilan Zhu
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Medicinal and Food Homologous Natural Resources Exploration, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Green Food Rural Revitalization Collaborative Technology Service Center of Anhui, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Ming Geng
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Medicinal and Food Homologous Natural Resources Exploration, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Green Food Rural Revitalization Collaborative Technology Service Center of Anhui, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Jinmiao Zhu
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Medicinal and Food Homologous Natural Resources Exploration, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Yajun Chen
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Medicinal and Food Homologous Natural Resources Exploration, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Green Food Rural Revitalization Collaborative Technology Service Center of Anhui, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Medicinal and Food Homologous Natural Resources Exploration, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China; Green Food Rural Revitalization Collaborative Technology Service Center of Anhui, Hefei, Anhui 230601, PR China.
| | - Youcui Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.
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5
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Peta KT, Durandt C, van Heerden MB, Joubert AM, Pepper MS, Ambele MA. Effect of 2-methoxyestradiol treatment on early- and late-stage breast cancer progression in a mouse model. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:898-911. [PMID: 37649158 PMCID: PMC10947225 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of breast cancer (BC) continues to increase and is the leading cause of cancer deaths in many countries. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME) has antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects in BC, thereby inhibiting tumour growth and metastasis. We compared the effect of 2-ME in early- and late-stage BC using a transgenic mouse model-FVB/N-Tg(MMTV-PyVT)-of spontaneously development of aggressive mammary carcinoma with lung metastasis. Mice received 100 mg/kg 2-ME treatment immediately when palpable mammary tumours were identified (early-stage BC; Experimental group 1) and 28 days after palpable mammary tumours were detected (late-stage BC; Experimental group 2). 2-ME was administered via oral gavage three times a week for 28 days after initiation of treatment, whereas control mice received the vehicle containing 10% dimethyl sulfoxide and 90% sunflower oil for the same duration as the treatment group. Mammary tumours were measured weekly over the 28 days and at termination, blood, mammary and lung tissue were collected for analysis. Mice with a tumour volume threshold of 4000 mm3 were killed before the treatment regime was completed. 2-ME treatment of early-stage BC led to lower levels of mammary tumour necrosis, whereas tumour mass and volume were increased. Additionally, necrotic lesions and anti-inflammatory CD163-expressing cells were more frequent in pulmonary metastatic tumours in this group. In contrast, 2-ME treatment of late-stage BC inhibited tumour growth over the 28-day period and resulted in increased CD3+ cell number and tumour necrosis. Furthermore, 2-ME treatment slowed down pulmonary metastasis but did not increase survival of late-stage BC mice. Besides late-stage tumour necrosis, none of the other results were statistically significant. This study demonstrates that 2-ME treatment has an antitumour effect on late-stage BC, however, with no increase in survival rate, whereas the treatment failed to demonstrate any benefit in early-stage BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly T. Peta
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine; South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy; Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaArcadiaSouth Africa
| | - Chrisna Durandt
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine; South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy; Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaArcadiaSouth Africa
| | - Marlene B. van Heerden
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Anna M. Joubert
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Michael S. Pepper
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine; South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy; Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaArcadiaSouth Africa
| | - Melvin A. Ambele
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine; South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy; Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaArcadiaSouth Africa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
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Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains one of the leading causes of death among women. The management and outcome in BC are strongly influenced by a multidisciplinary approach, which includes available treatment options and different imaging modalities for accurate response assessment. Among breast imaging modalities, MR imaging is the modality of choice in evaluating response to neoadjuvant therapy, whereas F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, conventional computed tomography (CT), and bone scan play a vital role in assessing response to therapy in metastatic BC. There is an unmet need for a standardized patient-centric approach to use different imaging methods for response assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Muzahir
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta GA 30322, USA; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University Hospital, Room E152, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Gary A Ulaner
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Hoag Family Cancer Institute, Newport Beach, CA, USA; Radiology and Translational Genomics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David M Schuster
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University Hospital, Room E152, 1364 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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7
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Du WQ, Zhu ZM, Jiang X, Kang MJ, Pei DS. COPS6 promotes tumor progression and reduces CD8 + T cell infiltration by repressing IL-6 production to facilitate tumor immune evasion in breast cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1890-1905. [PMID: 37095198 PMCID: PMC10462724 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to poor T cell infiltration, tumors evade immune surveillance. Increased CD8+ T cell infiltration in breast cancer suggests a satisfactory response to immunotherapy. COPS6 has been identified as an oncogene, but its role in regulating antitumor immune responses has not been defined. In this study, we investigated the impact of COPS6 on tumor immune evasion in vivo. Tumor transplantation models were established in C57BL/6 J mice and BALB/c nude mice. Flow cytometry was conducted to identify the role of COPS6 on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. By analyzing the TCGA and GTEx cohort, we found that COPS6 expression was significantly up-regulated in a variety of cancers. In human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS and non-small cell lung cancer cell line H1299, we showed that p53 negatively regulated COPS6 promoter activity. In human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, COPS6 overexpression stimulated p-AKT expression as well as the proliferation and malignant transformation of tumor cells, whereas knockdown of COPS6 caused opposite effects. Knockdown of COPS6 also significantly suppressed the growth of mouse mammary cancer EMT6 xenografts in BALB/c nude mice. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that COPS6 was a mediator of IL-6 production in the tumor microenvironment and a negative regulator of CD8+ T cell tumor infiltration in breast cancer. In C57BL6 mice bearing EMT6 xenografts, COPS6 knockdown in the EMT6 cells increased the number of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, while knockdown of IL-6 in COPS6KD EMT6 cells diminished tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells. We conclude that COPS6 promotes breast cancer progression by reducing CD8+ T cell infiltration and function via the regulation of IL-6 secretion. This study clarifies the role of p53/COPS6/IL-6/CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes signaling in breast cancer progression and immune evasion, opening a new path for development of COPS6-targeting therapies to enhance tumor immunogenicity and treat immunologically "cold" breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Du
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zhi-Man Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Meng-Jie Kang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Pei
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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Shin J, Kim B, Lager TW, Mejia F, Guldner I, Conner C, Zhang S, Panopoulos AD, Bilgicer B. A nanotherapeutic approach to selectively eliminate metastatic breast cancer cells by targeting cell surface GRP78. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:13322-13334. [PMID: 37526009 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00800b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Here, rational engineering of doxorubicin prodrug loaded peptide-targeted liposomal nanoparticles to selectively target metastatic breast cancer cells in vivo is described. Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), a heat shock protein typically localized in the endoplasmic reticulum in healthy cells, has been identified to home to the cell surface in certain cancers, and thus has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. Recent reports indicated GRP78 to be expressed on the cell surface of an aggressive subpopulation of stem-like breast cancer cells that exhibit metastatic potential. In this study, a targeted nanoparticle formulation with a GRP78-binding peptide (Kd of 7.4 ± 1.0 μM) was optimized to selectively target this subpopulation. In vitro studies with breast cancer cell lines showed the targeted nanoparticle formulation (TNPGRP78pep) achieved enhanced cellular uptake, while maintaining selectivity over the control groups. In vivo, TNPGRP78pep loaded with doxorubicin prodrug was evaluated using a lung metastatic mouse model and demonstrated inhibition of breast cancer cell seeding to lungs down at the level of negative control groups. Combined, this study established that specific-targeting of surface GRP78 expressing a subpopulation of aggressive breast cancer cells was able to inhibit breast cancer metastasis to lungs, and underpinned the significance of GRP78 in breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeho Shin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 465567, USA.
| | - Baksun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 465567, USA.
| | - Tyson W Lager
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Franklin Mejia
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 465567, USA.
| | - Ian Guldner
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Clay Conner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Athanasia D Panopoulos
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Basar Bilgicer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 465567, USA.
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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Hairunisa I, Bakar MFA, Da'i M, Bakar FIA, Syamsul ES. Cytotoxic Activity, Anti-Migration and In Silico Study of Black Ginger ( Kaempferia parviflora) Extract against Breast Cancer Cell. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2785. [PMID: 37345122 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer remains the leading cause of death in women worldwide. This condition necessitates extensive research to find an effective treatment, one of which is the natural medicine approach. Kaempferia parviflora (KP) is a plant believed to possess anticancer properties. Therefore, this study aims to determine KP's bioactive compound, cytotoxic, and anti-migration activity in the highly metastatic breast cancer cell line model 4T1, also in the breast cancer cell model MCF-7 and noncancerous cell line NIH-3T3. Maceration with ethanol (EEKP) and infusion with distilled water (EWKP) was used for extraction. The MTT assay was used to test for cytotoxicity, and the scratch wound healing assay was used to test for the inhibition of migration. Phytochemical profiling of EEKP was performed using UHPLC-MS, and the results were studied for in silico molecular docking. Result showed that EEKP had a better cytotoxic activity than EWKP with an IC50 value of 128.33 µg/mL (24 h) and 115.09 µg/mL (48 h) on 4T1 cell line, and 138.43 µg/mL (24 h) and 124.81 µg/mL (48 h) on MCF-7 cell line. Meanwhile, no cytotoxic activity was observed at concentrations ranging from 3-250 µg/mL in NIH-3T3. EEKP also showed anti-migration activity in a concentration of 65 µg/mL. Mass Spectrophotometer (MS) structures from EEKP are 5-Hydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavanone (HDMF), 5-Hydro-7,8,2'-trimethoxyflavanone (HTMF), Retusine, and Denbinobin. The in silico docking was investigated for receptors Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, ERK2, and FAK, as well as their activities. In silico result indicates that HTMF and denbinobin are bioactive compounds responsible for EEKP's cytotoxic and anti-migration activity. These two compounds and standardized plant extract can be further studied as potential breast cancer treatment candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indah Hairunisa
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Muar 84600, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur (UMKT), Samarinda 75124, Indonesia
| | - Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Muar 84600, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Da'i
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta (UMS), Solo 57162, Indonesia
| | - Fazleen Izzany Abu Bakar
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Muar 84600, Malaysia
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10
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Altman J, Jones G, Ahmed S, Sharma S, Sharma A. Tear Film MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3694. [PMID: 36835108 PMCID: PMC9962948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs that serve as regulatory molecules in a variety of pathways such as inflammation, metabolism, homeostasis, cell machinery, and development. With the progression of sequencing methods and modern bioinformatics tools, novel roles of microRNAs in regulatory mechanisms and pathophysiological states continue to expand. Advances in detection methods have further enabled larger adoption of studies utilizing minimal sample volumes, allowing the analysis of microRNAs in low-volume biofluids, such as the aqueous humor and tear fluid. The reported abundance of extracellular microRNAs in these biofluids has prompted studies to explore their biomarker potential. This review compiles the current literature reporting microRNAs in human tear fluid and their association with ocular diseases including dry eye disease, Sjögren's syndrome, keratitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, glaucoma, diabetic macular edema, and diabetic retinopathy, as well as non-ocular diseases, including Alzheimer's and breast cancer. We also summarize the known roles of these microRNAs and shed light on the future progression of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Altman
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Garrett Jones
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Saleh Ahmed
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Shruti Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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11
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Li H, Wang L, Zhang W, Dong Y, Cai Y, Huang X, Dong X. Overexpression of PKMYT1 associated with poor prognosis and immune infiltration may serve as a target in triple-negative breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1002186. [PMID: 36793346 PMCID: PMC9922894 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1002186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide. It is necessary to search for improvement in diagnosis and treatment methods to improve the prognosis. Protein kinase, membrane associated tyrosine/threonine 1 (PKMYT1), a member of the Wee family of protein kinases, has been studied in some tumors except BC. This study has explored that PKMYT1 functional role by bioinformatics methods combined with local clinical samples and experiments. Comprehensive analysis showed that PKMYT1 expression was higher in BC tissues, especially in advanced patients than that in normal breast tissues. The expression of PKMYT1 was an independent determinant for BC patients' prognosis when combined with the clinical features. In addition, based on multi-omics analysis, we found that the PKMYT1 expression was closely relevant to several oncogenic or tumor suppressor gene variants. The analysis of single-cell sequencing indicated that PKMYT1 expression was upregulated in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), consistent with the results of bulk RNA-sequencing. High PKMYT1 expression was correlated with a poor prognosis. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that PKMYT1 expression was associated with cell cycle-related, DNA replication-related, and cancer-related pathways. Further research revealed that PKMYT1 expression was linked to immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, loss-of-function experiments in vitro were performed to investigate the role of PKMYT1. TNBC cell lines' proliferation, migration, and invasion were inhibited when PKMYT1 expression was knock-down. Besides, the down-regulation of PKMYT1 induced apoptosis in vitro. As a result, PKMYT1 might be a biomarker for prognosis and a therapeutic target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Youting Dong
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yefeng Cai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China,Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China,Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoli Huang, ; Xubin Dong,
| | - Xubin Dong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoli Huang, ; Xubin Dong,
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12
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Loco-Regional Treatment of the Primary Tumor in De Novo Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Front-Line Chemotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246237. [PMID: 36551722 PMCID: PMC9777012 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loco-regional therapy (LRT) in de novo metastatic breast cancer (MBC) has been investigated in several clinical trials, with heterogeneous and conflicting results. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of de novo MBC patients treated with front-line chemotherapy (FLC) followed by LRT of the primary tumor. Our aims were to evaluate the characteristics, treatment, and oncological outcomes in terms of progression-free survival (PFS), distant progression-free survival (DPFS), and overall survival (OS) of de novo MBC. We also investigated possible subgroups of patients with better outcomes according to menopausal status, biological sub-type, location, number of metastases, and radiologic complete response after FLC. RESULTS We included 61 patients in the study. After a median follow-up of 55 months, disease progression occurred in 60.7% of patients and 49.2% died. There were no significant differences in PFS, DPFS, and OS between different subgroups of de novo MBC patients. A trend toward better PFS and DPFS was observed in triple-positive tumors, without a statistically significant difference in OS. CONCLUSIONS No specific subgroup of de novo MBC patients showed a statistically significant survival advantage after FLC followed by LRT of the primary tumor.
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13
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Jin Y, Cai W, Zhao C, Yang F, Yang C, Zhang X, Zhou Q, Zhao W, Zhang C, Zhang F, Wang M, Li M. EMT status of circulating breast cancer cells and impact of fluidic shear stress. Exp Cell Res 2022; 421:113385. [PMID: 36228736 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a vital role in the metastasis and recurrence of breast cancer. CTCs are highly heterogeneous at the stage of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), but the phenotypic and biological characteristics in different EMT stages remain poorly defined. We conducted an orthotopic mouse (4T1) model of breast cancer to isolate CTCs and identified two phenotypes of CTCs: intermediate E/M and mesenchymal CTCs. MTT, Colony formation, Transwell migration and invasion assays were utilized to examined cell proliferation, colony forming, migration and invasion ability. Both the intermediate E/M and mesenchymal CTCs exhibited lower rates of proliferation, colony formation and invasion, as compared to primary tumor cells. The mesenchymal CTCs had a higher rate of invasion but lower rates of proliferation and colony formation than the intermediate E/M CTCs. They also exhibited lower rates of growth and metastasis than the primary tumor cells in vivo, but the mesenchymal CTCs had a higher rate of metastasis than the intermediate E/M CTCs. Fluid shear stress induced the EMT transition of CTCs. The comprehensive analysis of CTCs proteomics discovered proteins that differentially expressed in the two types of CTCs and their primary tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Jin
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chanyuan Zhao
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chenguang Yang
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chenli Zhang
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drug Development, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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14
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Chan KS, Shah PV, Shlobin NA, Roumeliotis AG, Thirunavu VM, Larkin CJ, Kandula V, Cloney MB, Koski TR, Wolinsky JP, Dahdaleh NS. Neurologic, functional, and survival outcomes following surgical management of metastatic breast cancer to the spine. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 220:107360. [PMID: 35868202 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metastatic spinal tumors commonly arise from primary breast cancer. We assessed outcomes and identified associated variables for patients who underwent surgical management for spinal metastases of breast cancer. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed patients surgically treated for spinal metastases of breast cancer. Neurologic and functional outcomes were analyzed via Frankel scale and Karnofksy Performance Status (KPS) scores, respectively. Variables associated with Frankel and KPS scores after surgery were identified. Multivariable analysis was used to assess predictors for postoperative survival. RESULTS Forty-nine patients were identified. There was no significant difference in Frankel scores postoperatively and at last follow-up. KPS scores (P = 0.002) significantly improved at last follow-up. Preoperative non-ambulation and postprocedural complications were associated with non-ambulation postoperatively. Postprocedural complications and disease-free interval (DFI) < 24 and < 60 months were associated with functional impairment at last follow-up. Current smoking status at the time of surgery (P = 0.021) and triple negative (negative immunohistochemistry for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2) breast cancer (P = 0.038) were significantly associated with shortened postoperative survival. CONCLUSION When indicated, surgery for spinal metastases of breast cancer leads to preservation of neurologic status and long-term functional improvement. Preoperative ambulatory status and postprocedural complications were associated with ambulatory status after surgery, while postprocedural complications and shortened DFI were associated with functional status after surgery.Current smoking status at the time of surgery and triple negative breast cancer are negative predictors for postoperative survival after metastatic breast cancer to the spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle S Chan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Parth V Shah
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nathan A Shlobin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Anastasios G Roumeliotis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Vineeth M Thirunavu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Collin J Larkin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Viswajit Kandula
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Michael B Cloney
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Tyler R Koski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jean-Paul Wolinsky
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nader S Dahdaleh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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15
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Beyond Genetics: Metastasis as an Adaptive Response in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116271. [PMID: 35682953 PMCID: PMC9181003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic disease represents the primary cause of breast cancer (BC) mortality, yet it is still one of the most enigmatic processes in the biology of this tumor. Metastatic progression includes distinct phases: invasion, intravasation, hematogenous dissemination, extravasation and seeding at distant sites, micro-metastasis formation and metastatic outgrowth. Whole-genome sequencing analyses of primary BC and metastases revealed that BC metastatization is a non-genetically selected trait, rather the result of transcriptional and metabolic adaptation to the unfavorable microenvironmental conditions which cancer cells are exposed to (e.g., hypoxia, low nutrients, endoplasmic reticulum stress and chemotherapy administration). In this regard, the latest multi-omics analyses unveiled intra-tumor phenotypic heterogeneity, which determines the polyclonal nature of breast tumors and constitutes a challenge for clinicians, correlating with patient poor prognosis. The present work reviews BC classification and epidemiology, focusing on the impact of metastatic disease on patient prognosis and survival, while describing general principles and current in vitro/in vivo models of the BC metastatic cascade. The authors address here both genetic and phenotypic intrinsic heterogeneity of breast tumors, reporting the latest studies that support the role of the latter in metastatic spreading. Finally, the review illustrates the mechanisms underlying adaptive stress responses during BC metastatic progression.
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16
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Response monitoring in metastatic breast cancer: a comparison of survival times between FDG-PET/CT and CE-CT. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:1271-1279. [PMID: 35013575 PMCID: PMC9042860 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01654-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We compared overall survival for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients monitored with CE-CT, FDG-PET/CT or a combination of them in an observational setting. METHODS Patients with biopsy-verified (recurrent or de novo) MBC (n = 300) who were treated at Odense university hospital (Denmark) and response monitored with FDG-PET/CT (n = 83), CE-CT (n = 144), or a combination of these (n = 73) were followed until 2019. Survival was compared between the scan groups, and were adjusted for clinico-histopathological variables representing potential confounders in a Cox proportional-hazard regression model. RESULTS The study groups were mostly comparable regarding baseline characteristics, but liver metastases were reported more frequently in CE-CT group (38.9%) than in FDG-PET/CT group (19.3%) and combined group (24.7%). Median survival was 30.0 months for CE-CT group, 44.3 months for FDG-PET/CT group and 54.0 months for Combined group. Five-year survival rates were significantly higher for FDG-PET/CT group (41.9%) and combined group (43.3%), than for CE-CT group (15.8%). Using the CE-CT group as reference, the hazard ratio was 0.44 (95% CI: 0.29-0.68, P = 0.001) for the FDG-PET/CT group after adjusting for baseline characteristics. FDG-PET/CT detected the first progression 4.7 months earlier than CE-CT, leading to earlier treatment change. CONCLUSIONS In this single-center, observational study, patients with metastatic breast cancer who were response monitored with FDG-PET/CT alone or in combination with CE-CT had longer overall survival than patients monitored with CE-CT alone. Confirmation of these findings by further, preferably randomised clinical trials is warranted.
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17
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Comparison of outcomes in patients with luminal type breast cancer treated with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog or bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy: A cohort retrospective study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 77:103614. [PMID: 35637977 PMCID: PMC9142691 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Premenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer require ablation therapy via a pharmacological or surgical approach. Data comparing outcomes between treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs and treatment with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) in Indonesia remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to compare incidence of local recurrence and metastasis, and overall survival (OS) in patients with luminal type breast cancer treated using the two approaches. Methods This observational retrospective cohort study examined 100 premenopausal patients diagnosed with luminal type hormone receptor-positive breast cancer who registered at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and its networking hospitals in Makassar City from January to December 2017. Result Among the 100 study patients, 50 were given GnRH analogs and 50 underwent BSO. Incidence of local recurrence (P = 0.408) and metastasis (P = 0.419) did not significantly differ between the GnRH analog and BSO groups, although the incidence of local recurrence was higher in the GnRH analog group (68% vs. 58%) and incidence of metastasis was higher in the BSO group (24% vs 19%). The 5-year survival rate did not significantly differ between the GnRH analog and BSO groups. Conclusion Incidence of local recurrence and metastasis, and 5-year survival rate did not significantly differ between premenopausal breast cancer patients treated using a GnRH analog and those treated with BSO. Further large-scale studies to compare the efficacy and safety of both approaches are warranted. Data comparing outcomes between breast cancer treatment with GnRH or BSO in Indonesia remains limited. The patients in SOB and GnRH groups were in the advanced and locally advanced breast cancer stage, respectively. Incidence of local recurrence and metastasis, and OS did not significantly differ between GnRH and BSO groups.
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18
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Capeloa T, Krzystyniak J, d’Hose D, Canas Rodriguez A, Payen VL, Zampieri LX, Van de Velde JA, Benyahia Z, Pranzini E, Vazeille T, Fransolet M, Bouzin C, Brusa D, Michiels C, Gallez B, Murphy MP, Porporato PE, Sonveaux P. MitoQ Inhibits Human Breast Cancer Cell Migration, Invasion and Clonogenicity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061516. [PMID: 35326667 PMCID: PMC8946220 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
To successfully generate distant metastases, metastatic progenitor cells must simultaneously possess mesenchymal characteristics, resist to anoïkis, migrate and invade directionally, resist to redox and shear stresses in the systemic circulation, and possess stem cell characteristics. These cells primarily originate from metabolically hostile areas of the primary tumor, where oxygen and nutrient deprivation, together with metabolic waste accumulation, exert a strong selection pressure promoting evasion. Here, we followed the hypothesis according to which metastasis as a whole implies the existence of metabolic sensors. Among others, mitochondria are singled out as a major source of superoxide that supports the metastatic phenotype. Molecularly, stressed cancer cells increase mitochondrial superoxide production, which activates the transforming growth factor-β pathway through src directly within mitochondria, ultimately activating focal adhesion kinase Pyk2. The existence of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants constitutes an opportunity to interfere with the metastatic process. Here, using aggressive triple-negative and HER2-positive human breast cancer cell lines as models, we report that MitoQ inhibits all the metastatic traits that we tested in vitro. Compared to other mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, MitoQ already successfully passed Phase I safety clinical trials, which provides an important incentive for future preclinical and clinical evaluations of this drug for the prevention of breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Capeloa
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Joanna Krzystyniak
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Donatienne d’Hose
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Unit, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.d.); (B.G.)
| | - Amanda Canas Rodriguez
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Valery L. Payen
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Luca X. Zampieri
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Justine A. Van de Velde
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Zohra Benyahia
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Erica Pranzini
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Via le Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Thibaut Vazeille
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
| | - Maude Fransolet
- Faculty of Sciences, Bology, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Cellulaire, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium; (M.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Davide Brusa
- IREC Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Platform, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Carine Michiels
- Faculty of Sciences, Bology, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Cellulaire, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium; (M.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Unit, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (D.d.); (B.G.)
| | - Michael P. Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK;
| | - Paolo E. Porporato
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (T.C.); (J.K.); (A.C.R.); (V.L.P.); (L.X.Z.); (J.A.V.d.V.); (Z.B.); (E.P.); (T.V.); (P.E.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Mohammad Mirzaei N, Changizi N, Asadpoure A, Su S, Sofia D, Tatarova Z, Zervantonakis IK, Chang YH, Shahriyari L. Investigating key cell types and molecules dynamics in PyMT mice model of breast cancer through a mathematical model. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009953. [PMID: 35294447 PMCID: PMC8959189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common kind of cancer among women is breast cancer. Understanding the tumor microenvironment and the interactions between individual cells and cytokines assists us in arriving at more effective treatments. Here, we develop a data-driven mathematical model to investigate the dynamics of key cell types and cytokines involved in breast cancer development. We use time-course gene expression profiles of a mouse model to estimate the relative abundance of cells and cytokines. We then employ a least-squares optimization method to evaluate the model’s parameters based on the mice data. The resulting dynamics of the cells and cytokines obtained from the optimal set of parameters exhibit a decent agreement between the data and predictions. We perform a sensitivity analysis to identify the crucial parameters of the model and then perform a local bifurcation on them. The results reveal a strong connection between adipocytes, IL6, and the cancer population, suggesting them as potential targets for therapies. One of the outstanding challenges of the mathematical modeling of cancer progression is the existence of many unknown parameters. In this work, we develop a data-driven mathematical model of breast cancer progression by deriving a system of ordinary differential equations for the interaction networks of key cell types and molecules in breast tumors. To overcome the limitations of unknown parameters, we utilize a time course data of a PyMT mice model of breast cancer and estimate parameters using an optimization method. Although the predicted dynamics of cancer and necrotic cells using the obtained values of parameters are in good agreement with the data, the predicted values for a few other variables do not match the data. This might indicate that there are some other key interactions that have not been modeled, and/or there is a noise in the data. The sensitivity and bifurcation analyses show that the most important parameters in controlling the cancer cells population are the proliferation and death rates of cancer cells and adipocytes. These results are in agreement with some biological and clinical studies of breast cancer, which have reported a link between adipocytes and breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Mohammad Mirzaei
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Navid Changizi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alireza Asadpoure
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sumeyye Su
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dilruba Sofia
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zuzana Tatarova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine (OCSSB), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Ioannis K. Zervantonakis
- Department of Bioengineering, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Young Hwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and OHSU Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine (OCSSB), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Leili Shahriyari
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Dey A, Kundu M, Das S, Jena BC, Mandal M. Understanding the function and regulation of Sox2 for its therapeutic potential in breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188692. [PMID: 35122882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sox family of transcriptional factors play essential functions in development and are implicated in multiple clinical disorders, including cancer. Sox2 being their most prominent member and performing a critical role in reprogramming differentiated adult cells to an embryonic phenotype is frequently upregulated in multiple cancers. High Sox2 levels are detected in breast tumor tissues and correlate with a worse prognosis. In addition, Sox2 expression is connected with resistance to conventional anticancer therapy. Together, it can be said that inhibiting Sox2 expression can reduce the malignant features associated with breast cancer, including invasion, migration, proliferation, stemness, and chemoresistance. This review highlights the critical roles played by the Sox gene family members in initiating or suppressing breast tumor development, while primarily focusing on Sox2 and its role in breast tumor initiation, maintenance, and progression, elucidates the probable mechanisms that control its activity, and puts forward potential therapeutic strategies to inhibit its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Dey
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), Kharagpur, West Bengal, India..
| | - Moumita Kundu
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), Kharagpur, West Bengal, India..
| | - Subhayan Das
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), Kharagpur, West Bengal, India..
| | - Bikash Chandra Jena
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), Kharagpur, West Bengal, India..
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), Kharagpur, West Bengal, India..
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21
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MicroRNAs: Emerging Regulators of Metastatic Bone Disease in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030729. [PMID: 35158995 PMCID: PMC8833828 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis is a frequent complication in patients with advanced breast cancer. Once in the bone, cancer cells disrupt the tightly regulated cellular balance within the bone microenvironment, leading to excessive bone destruction and further tumor growth. Physiological and pathological interactions in the bone marrow are mediated by cell-cell contacts and secreted molecules that include soluble proteins as well as RNA molecules. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally interfere with their target messenger RNA (mRNA) and subsequently reduce protein abundance. Since their discovery, miRNAs have been identified as critical regulators of physiological and pathological processes, including breast cancer and associated metastatic bone disease. Depending on their targets, miRNAs can exhibit pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic functions and serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. These properties have encouraged pre-clinical and clinical development programs to investigate miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in various diseases, including metastatic cancers. In this review, we discuss the role of miRNAs in metastatic bone disease with a focus on breast cancer and the bone microenvironment and elaborate on their potential use for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in metastatic bone disease and beyond.
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22
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Qi Y, Wu H, Liu C, Zheng D, Yan C, Hu W, Zhang X, Dai X. Downstream Neighbor of Son Overexpression is Associated With Breast Cancer Progression and a Poor Prognosis. J Breast Cancer 2022; 25:327-343. [PMID: 35914745 PMCID: PMC9411031 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2022.25.e26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Qi
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haodong Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Conghui Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Danni Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Congzhi Yan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuanxuan Dai
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Mehmood Y, Anwar F, Saleem U, Hira S, Ahmad B, Bashir M, Imtiaz MT, Najm S, Ismail T. The anti-cancer potential of 2,4,6 tris-methyphenylamino1,3,5-triazine compound against mammary glands cancer: Via down-regulating the hormonal, inflammatory mediators, and oxidative stress. Life Sci 2021; 285:119994. [PMID: 34592236 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Breast cancer is caused by abnormal growth of the cells and progressed due to the over-expression of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR). The current study was designed to evaluate the anti-tumor activity of 2,4,6 tris-methyphenylamino1,3,5-triazine compound (MPAT) in N-nitroso, N-methyl urea (NMU)-induced mammary gland cancer. METHODS Molecular docking and in-vitro studies were conducted before the in-vivo analysis. Female Albino rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 6). Group I received Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) (1 mL/100 g). Group II (diseased group) received NMU 50 mg/kg. Group III (standard group) received tamoxifen (5 mg/kg). Group IV-V received MPAT at doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg respectively. All groups received NMU intraperitoneally except the control group at 3 weeks intervals for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks of NMU dosing, MPAT was given for 15 consecutive days. Biochemical, oxidative stress markers, hormonal profile, and inflammatory mediators were analyzed. KEY FINDINGS MPAT showed significant interaction with the selected targets in docking studies. An over-expression of ER and PR was observed in NMU-treated rats which were restored significantly after MPAT administration. Nitrite and MDA levels were high in the diseased group and MPAT treatment attenuated the oxidative damage after treatment. Antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), total sulfhydryl (TSH), glutathione (GSH), and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values were low in NMU-treated rats. SIGNIFICANCE This study concluded that MPAT can be used as an anticancer agent due to its significant effects on down-regulating the hormonal profile and oxidative stress markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumna Mehmood
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fareeha Anwar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sundas Hira
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Manal Bashir
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Imtiaz
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saima Najm
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lahore College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore 55150, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Ismail
- COMSAT University, Department of Pharmacy, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
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Martínez-Pérez C, Kay C, Meehan J, Gray M, Dixon JM, Turnbull AK. The IL6-like Cytokine Family: Role and Biomarker Potential in Breast Cancer. J Pers Med 2021; 11:1073. [PMID: 34834425 PMCID: PMC8624266 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11111073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IL6-like cytokines are a family of regulators with a complex, pleiotropic role in both the healthy organism, where they regulate immunity and homeostasis, and in different diseases, including cancer. Here we summarise how these cytokines exert their effect through the shared signal transducer IL6ST (gp130) and we review the extensive evidence on the role that different members of this family play in breast cancer. Additionally, we discuss how the different cytokines, their related receptors and downstream effectors, as well as specific polymorphisms in these molecules, can serve as predictive or prognostic biomarkers with the potential for clinical application in breast cancer. Lastly, we also discuss how our increasing understanding of this complex signalling axis presents promising opportunities for the development or repurposing of therapeutic strategies against cancer and, specifically, breast neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martínez-Pérez
- Breast Cancer Now Edinburgh Research Team, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (C.K.); (J.M.D.); (A.K.T.)
- Translational Oncology Research Group, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK; (J.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Charlene Kay
- Breast Cancer Now Edinburgh Research Team, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (C.K.); (J.M.D.); (A.K.T.)
- Translational Oncology Research Group, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK; (J.M.); (M.G.)
| | - James Meehan
- Translational Oncology Research Group, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK; (J.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Mark Gray
- Translational Oncology Research Group, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK; (J.M.); (M.G.)
| | - J. Michael Dixon
- Breast Cancer Now Edinburgh Research Team, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (C.K.); (J.M.D.); (A.K.T.)
| | - Arran K. Turnbull
- Breast Cancer Now Edinburgh Research Team, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (C.K.); (J.M.D.); (A.K.T.)
- Translational Oncology Research Group, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK; (J.M.); (M.G.)
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Intra-Arterial Therapies for Liver Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2021; 44:1868-1882. [PMID: 34322751 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-021-02906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Performing a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the evidence of intra-arterial therapies in liver metastatic breast cancer (LMBC) patients. METHODS A systemic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS for studies regarding intra-arterial therapies in LMBC patients. Full text studies of LMBC patients (n ≥ 10) published between January 2010 and December 2020 were included when at least one outcome among response rate, adverse events or survival was available. Response rates were pooled using generalized linear mixed models. A weighted estimate of the population median overall survival (OS) was obtained under the assumption of exponentially distributed survival times. RESULTS A total of 26 studies (1266 patients) were included. Eleven articles reported on transarterial radioembolization (TARE), ten on transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and four on chemo-infusion. One retrospective study compared TARE and TACE. Pooled response rates were 49% for TARE (95%CI 32-67%), 34% for TACE (95%CI 22-50%) and 19% for chemo-infusion (95%CI 14-25%). Pooled median survival was 9.2 months (range 6.1-35.4 months) for TARE, 17.8 months (range 4.6-47.0) for TACE and 7.9 months (range 7.0-14.2) for chemo-infusion. No comparison for OS was possible due to missing survival rates at specific time points (1 and 2 year OS) and the large heterogeneity. CONCLUSION Although results have to be interpreted with caution due to the large heterogeneity, the superior response rate of TARE and TACE compared to chemo-infusion suggests first choice of TARE or TACE in chemorefractory LMBC patients. Chemo-infusion could be considered in LMBC patients not suitable for TARE or TACE. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3a.
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26
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Carson JW, Carson KM, Olsen M, Sanders L, Westbrook K, Keefe FJ, Porter LS. Yoga Practice Predicts Improvements in Day-to-Day Pain in Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage 2021; 61:1227-1233. [PMID: 33065208 PMCID: PMC8044267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Women with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) experience a significant symptom burden, including cancer pain. Yoga is a mind-body discipline that has shown promise for alleviating cancer pain, but few studies have included patients with metastatic disease or examined the acute effects of yoga practice. OBJECTIVES To determine whether daily pain changed significantly during a randomized controlled trial of the Mindful Yoga program among women with MBC and whether time spent in yoga practice was related to daily pain. METHODS On alternate weeks during the intervention period, we collected daily measures of pain from a subset of 48 women randomized to either yoga (n = 30) or a support group condition (n = 18). We also assessed daily duration of yoga practice among patients randomized to yoga. RESULTS Pain levels were low for women in both conditions, and no differential treatment effects were found on daily pain. However, among women randomized to yoga, a dose/response relationship was found between yoga practice duration and daily pain. When patients had spent relatively more time practicing yoga across two consecutive days, they were more likely to experience lower pain on the next day. This finding is consistent with an earlier MBC study. Meditation practice showed the strongest association with lower daily pain. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that yoga practice (meditation practice in particular) is associated with acute improvements in cancer pain, and that yoga interventions may be more impactful if tested in a sample of patients with advanced cancer in which pain is relatively elevated.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Carson
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
| | - Kimberly M Carson
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Maren Olsen
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Linda Sanders
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kelly Westbrook
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Francis J Keefe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura S Porter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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NR4A1 Ligands as Potent Inhibitors of Breast Cancer Cell and Tumor Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112682. [PMID: 34072371 PMCID: PMC8198788 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1, Nur77, TR3) is more highly expressed in breast and solid tumors compared to non-tumor tissues and is a pro-oncogenic factor in solid tumor-derived cancers. NR4A1 regulates cancer cell growth, survival, migration, and invasion, and bis-indole-derived compounds (CDIMs) that bind NR4A1 act as antagonists and inhibit tumor growth. Preliminary structure-binding studies identified 1,1-bis(3'-indolyl)-1-(3,5-disubstitutedphenyl)methane analogs as NR4A1 ligands with low KD values; we further investigated the anticancer activity of the four most active analogs (KD's ≤ 3.1 µM) in breast cancer cells and in athymic mouse xenograft models. The treatment of MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 breast cancer cells with the 3-bromo-5-methoxy, 3-chloro-5-trifluoromethoxy, 3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl, and 3-bromo-5-trifluoromethoxy phenyl-substituted analogs decreased cell growth and the expression of epidermal of growth factor receptor (EGFR), hepatocyte growth factor receptor (cMET), and PD-L1 as well as inhibited mTOR phosphorylation. In addition, all four compounds inhibited tumor growth in athymic nude mice bearing MDA-MB-231 cells (orthotopic) at a dose of 1 mg/kg/d, which was not accompanied by changes in body weight. These 3,5-disubstituted analogs were the most potent CDIM/NR4A1 ligands reported and are being further developed for clinical applications.
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Zhu Z, Yu R, Yang C, Li D, Wang J, Yang W, Ji Y, Wang L, Wang Y, Jiang F. Stress-related hormone reduces autophagy through the regulation of phosphatidylethanolamine in breast cancer cells. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:149. [PMID: 33569451 PMCID: PMC7867925 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-8176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background An increasing number of studies indicate that adrenergic signaling plays a fundamental role in tumor progression and metastasis induced by chronic stress. However, despite the growing attention, an understanding of the mechanisms linking chronic stress and cancer is still insufficient. Methods Western blot analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe the changes in autophagy level in a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) after epinephrine treatment. Non-targeted metabolomics was also used to detect MCF-7 metabolites after epinephrine treatment. The xenograft model was used to detect the level of autophagy after epinephrine intervention. Results The results showed that epinephrine treatment reduced the autophagy level of breast cancer cells. Epinephrine changed the level of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in breast cancer cells as detected by non-targeted metabolomics. Epinephrine also changed autophagy in breast cancer cells by decreasing the level of PE in cells. When autophagy decreased, the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells increased in vitro, and the progression of breast cancer accelerated in vivo. Conclusions These findings suggest that stress-related hormones affect the tumor progression of breast cancer. Therefore, strengthening the emotional management strategies of patients during the process of antitumor treatment as a supplement to the existing treatments may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruihua Yu
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Li
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonghua Ji
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaosheng Wang
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Translational Institute for Cancer Pain, Clinical Research and Innovation Unit, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Chongming Branch, Shanghai, China
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Amabile MI, Frusone F, De Luca A, Tripodi D, Imbimbo G, Lai S, D’Andrea V, Sorrenti S, Molfino A. Locoregional Surgery in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Do Concomitant Metabolic Aspects Have a Role on the Management and Prognosis in this Setting? J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10040227. [PMID: 33202793 PMCID: PMC7712935 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although they cannot be considered curative, the new therapeutic integrated advances in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) have substantially improved patient outcomes. Traditionally, surgery was confined to palliation of symptomatic or ulcerating lumps. Data suggest, in some cases, a possible additive role for more aggressive locoregional surgical therapy in combination with systemic treatments in the metastatic setting, although a low level of evidence has been shown in terms of improvement in overall survival in MBC patients treated with surgery and medical treatment compared to medical treatment alone. In this light, tumor heterogeneity remains a challenge. To effectively reshape the therapeutic approach to MBC, careful consideration of who is a good candidate for locoregional resection is paramount. The patient’s global health condition, impacting on cancer progression and morbidity and their associated molecular targets, have to be considered in treatment decision-making. In particular, more recently, research has been focused on the role of metabolic derangements, including the presence of metabolic syndrome, which represent well-known conditions related to breast cancer recurrence and distant metastasis and are, therefore, involved in the prognosis. In the present article, we focus on locoregional surgical strategies in MBC and whether concomitant metabolic derangements may have a role in prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ida Amabile
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (A.D.L.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-499-72042
| | - Federico Frusone
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (A.D.L.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (A.D.L.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Domenico Tripodi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (A.D.L.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Giovanni Imbimbo
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.I.); (S.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Silvia Lai
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.I.); (S.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Vito D’Andrea
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (A.D.L.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Salvatore Sorrenti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (A.D.L.); (D.T.); (V.D.); (S.S.)
| | - Alessio Molfino
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.I.); (S.L.); (A.M.)
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Zheng YZ, Wang XM, Fan L, Shao ZM. Breast Cancer-Specific Mortality in Small-Sized Tumor with Stage IV Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Study. Oncologist 2020; 26:e241-e250. [PMID: 33075188 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small-sized primary tumor does not always indicate a better prognosis. We hypothesized that very small primary breast tumors with extensive lymph node (LN) metastases represented an aggressive biologic behavior in stage IV disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data between 2010 and 2015 were retrieved retrospectively from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database with inclusion criteria of female sex, unilateral, metastatic, and T1/2 invasive ductal carcinoma. Primary study variables included T stage, N stage, grade, metastatic sites, number of involved sites, estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status. Kaplan-Meier and adjusted Cox proportional hazards models with interaction terms were used. One-, 2- and 3-year breast cancer-specific mortality (BCSM) was examined according to tumor size. RESULTS We identified 5,340 eligible patients with breast cancer. In multivariate analysis, race, age, grade, molecular subtype, surgery, brain metastases, and liver metastases were found to be independently associated with BCSM. For T1 tumors, the N0, N1, and N2+ groups had the same BCSM. In tumors smaller than 50 mm, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year BCSM did not decline with the decrease of tumor size. For triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs), the T1a/T1bN2+ group had significantly worse BCSM than any other group did. CONCLUSION Patients with stage IV cancer with small-sized tumors may have BCSM as high as those with larger tumors. In TNBCs, very small tumors with severe LN involvement are associated with the worst BCSM. Continued efforts are needed to further investigate Ta1/T1bN2 + M1 TNBCs and individualize the treatment for affected patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This study revealed that for stage IV breast cancer, smaller primary tumors were not always associated with better breast cancer-specific mortality. This study illustrated that very small triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) with extensive regional lymph node involvement may be a surrogate for biologically aggressive disease. Because of poor prognosis of T1a/T1bN2+ TNBCs, there might be an urgent need of more individualized treatment for affected patients. Future correlative studies ought to focus on the genetic and molecular differences in Ta1/T1bN2+ TNBCs that contribute to the biological behavior. Clarification of the regulation mechanism of very small-sized primary TNBCs with metastatic outgrowth in nodes and distant sites will play an integral role in developing targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zi Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Breast Tumor Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, National Standardization Center for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Ming Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Breast Tumor Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, National Standardization Center for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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31
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Wen J, Lin L, Lin B, Xia E, Qu J, Wang O. Downregulation of Immortalization-Upregulated Protein Suppresses the Progression of Breast Cancer Cell Lines by Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:8631-8642. [PMID: 32982454 PMCID: PMC7509335 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s259526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women and its incidence has increased steadily over recent years (0.3% per year). However, the mechanism of BC tumorigenesis remains elaborate elucidation. With the aid of RNA sequencing technology, we discovered that immortalization-upregulated protein (IMUP) is overexpressed in BC tissues compared to normal breast tissues. Our study is to understand the role of IMUP in BC. Methods We validated the upregulation of IMUP from multiple public databases. By using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we proved that IMUP is overexpressed in BC tissues and cell lines. We performed proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis assays to explore the function of IMUP in BC cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). Besides, we investigated the effect of IMUP silencing on epithelial–mesenchymal transition using Western blotting and qRT-PCR. Results and Discussion We validated that IMUP expression in BC tissues and cell lines is higher than that in the normal control group. The clinical analysis showed that IMUP is associated with lymph node metastasis and the outcome of neoadjuvant taxol-based therapy. The loss of function assay demonstrated that, with silencing IMUP, the capacities of proliferation, migration, and invasion of BC cell lines were impaired, while the apoptosis rate of cells increased. Meanwhile, the downregulation of IMUP could hinder the procession of epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Conclusion Our study proved that IMUP plays a vital role in BC and acts as a potential target and marker in future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Wen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangyi Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Erjie Xia
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmiao Qu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ouchen Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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32
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Ji L, Fan L, Zhu X, Gao Y, Wang Z. A Prognostic Model for Breast Cancer With Liver Metastasis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1342. [PMID: 33014776 PMCID: PMC7493788 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer with liver metastasis consists of a group of heterogeneous diseases, and survival time may be significantly different, ranging from a few months to several years. The present study aimed to develop and externally validate a prognostic model for breast cancer with liver metastasis (BCLM). Methods: In total, 1022 eligible patients from January 2007 to December 2018 were selected from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) and were temporally in the training (n = 715) and validation (n = 307) set. According to regression coefficients found in the multivariate Cox regression analysis, the final results were transformed into the prognostic scores. On the basis of these scores, patients were finally classified into three risk groups, including low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups. Bootstrapping was used for internal validation. Then, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration plots were used to assess discrimination and calibration of this prognostic model in the validation set. Results: Molecular subtypes, metastatic-free interval (MFI), extrahepatic metastasis, and liver function tests were identified as independent prognostic factors in the multivariate analysis. According to risk stratification, intermediate-risk (hazard ratio (HR) 2.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.74–2.58, P < 0.001) and high-risk groups (HR 6.94, 95% CI 5.25–9.16, P < 0.001) had significantly worse prognoses in comparison with the low-risk group regarding overall survival (OS) from the time of metastasis. The median OS in these three groups were 39.97, 21.03, and 8.80 months, respectively. These results were confirmed in the internal and external validation cohorts. Conclusions: Based on molecular classification of tumors, routine laboratory tests, and other clinical information easily accessible in daily clinical practice, we developed a clinical tool for BCLM patients to predict their prognosis. Moreover, it may be useful for identifying the subgroup with unfavorable prognosis and individualization of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Fan
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuzhi Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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33
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Shi X, Cheng Y, Wang J, Chen H, Wang X, Li X, Tan W, Tan Z. 3D printed intelligent scaffold prevents recurrence and distal metastasis of breast cancer. Theranostics 2020; 10:10652-10664. [PMID: 32929372 PMCID: PMC7482818 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Tumors are commonly treated by resection, which usually leads to massive hemorrhage and tumor cell residues, thereby increasing the risk of local recurrence and distant metastasis. Methods: Herein, an intelligent 3D-printed poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), gelatin, and chitosan scaffold loaded with anti-cancer drugs was prepared that showed hemostatic function and good pH sensitivity. Results: Following in situ implantation in wounds, the scaffolds absorbed hemorrhage and cell residues after surgery, and promoted wound healing. In an in vivo environment, the scaffold responded to the slightly acidic environment of the tumor to undergo sustained drug release to significantly inhibit the recurrence and growth of the tumor, and reduced drug toxicity, all without causing damage to healthy tissues and with good biocompatibility. Conclusions: The multifunctional intelligent scaffold represents an excellent treatment modality for breast cancer following resection, and provides great potential for efficient cancer therapy.
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34
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Shi W, Tong Z, Qiu Q, Yue N, Guo W, Zou F, Zhou D, Li J, Huang W, Qian H. Novel HLA-A2 restricted antigenic peptide derivatives with high affinity for the treatment of breast cancer expressing NY-ESO-1. Bioorg Chem 2020; 103:104138. [PMID: 32745760 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy based on specific tumor antigen has become the focus for breast cancer, and research into cancer/testes antigens (CTA) is progressing. As an important member in the CTA, NY-ESO-1 plays a crucial role in the treatment and prognosis of breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to improve the binding ability to MHC by designing and synthesizing stable NY-ESO-1-derived peptides, based on NetMHC 4.0 webserver (http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/NetMHC/) and HLP webserver (http://crdd.osdd.net/raghava/hlp/pep_both.htm). Moreover, after modification of the lead compound, affinity of the peptides to human leukocyte antigen-A2 (HLA-A2) was determined by a flow cytometry and an inverted fluorescence microscope in T2 cells that show high expression of HLA-A2. The results demonstrated that the affinity of peptides II-4 and II-10 to HLA-A2 was significantly better when compared to others (II-Lead, II-1 ~ II-3, II-5 ~ II-9, II-11 ~ II-15). Further studies indicated that II-4 and II-10, especially II-4, significantly promoted the maturation of HLA-A2-positive human peripheral blood-derived dendritic cells (DCs) from morphology and surface markers, the activation of CD8 + T lymphocytes, and the type-specific killing effect on HLA-A2+/NY-ESO-1+ MDA-MB-231 cells. Molecular docking studies suggested a strong interaction between peptide II-4 and HLA-A2, thereby indicating that the II-4 is a promising candidate with antigenic potential in the field of immunotherapy that needs more studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Tong
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Qianqian Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers' University, Yancheng 224002, PR China; Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Na Yue
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Weiwei Guo
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Feng Zou
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Daoguang Zhou
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jiuhui Li
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Hai Qian
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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35
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Li S, Hao J, Hong Y, Mai J, Huang W. Long Non-Coding RNA NEAT1 Promotes the Proliferation, Migration, and Metastasis of Human Breast-Cancer Cells by Inhibiting miR-146b-5p Expression. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6091-6101. [PMID: 32801860 PMCID: PMC7382757 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s252295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Tumor recurrence and metastasis are the key causes of death in BC patients. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is closely associated with BC progression. lncRNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript (NEAT)1 has been reported to regulate the proliferation and mobility of several types of cancer cells. However, how lncRNA NEAT1 affects the proliferation and invasion of BC cells is not known. Methods Quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure expression of lncRNA NEAT1 and microRNA (miR)-146b-5p in BC tissues and cell lines. Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8, cell colony-formation, wound-healing, and Transwell™ assays were undertaken to determine the effects of lncRNA NEAT1 and miR-146b-5p on progression of BC cells. The interaction between lncRNA NEAT1 and miR-146b-5p was examined by luciferase reporter, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA-pulldown assays. Results Expression of lncRNA NEAT1 was upregulated in BC tissues and cell lines. High expression of lncRNA NEAT1 predicted poor overall survival in BC patients. Silencing of expression of lncRNA NEAT1 inhibited epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of BC cells. Ectopic expression of lncRNA NEAT1 induced EMT and promoted BC progression. Mechanistic investigations revealed that miR-146b-5p was a direct target of lncRNA NEAT1, and its expression was correlated negatively with expression of lncRNA NEAT1 in BC tissues. Conclusion lncRNA NEAT1 could (i) serve as a novel prognostic marker for BC and (ii) be a potential therapeutic target for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songming Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwen Hao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Hong
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhao Mai
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Huang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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36
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Muthiah I, Rajendran K, Dhanaraj P, Vallinayagam S. In silico structure prediction, molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies on G Protein-Coupled Receptor 116: a novel insight into breast cancer therapy. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:4807-4815. [PMID: 32580684 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1783365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
G Protein-Coupled Receptor gains more importance in cancer research; because of their key role in several physiologic functions of cells. However, most of the GPCR's are orphan receptors, this hampers the finding of drugs against GPCR. G Protein-Coupled Receptor 116 is an adhesion orphan receptor that intensifies the invasion of cells in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. In this study, existing FDA approved anticancer drugs were chosen as ligands and molecular docking was performed using in silico protein model of GPR116. Molecular interaction was analyzed carefully to identify the crucial amino acids present in binding pocket. Molecular dynamics simulations study executed to verify the structural and dynamic properties of Doxorubicin-GPR116 protein complex. The results have shown that Doxorubicin, Neratinib maleate, Epirubicin, and Lapatinib Ditosylate have good interaction with GPR116 binding site. Tyrosine 195 (Y195), Cysteine 196 (C196), Argenine 197 (R197), and Tryptophan 100 (W100) are commonly found in the majority of ligand-target interaction, hence based on the computational studies selective amino acids might be crucial for functional properties. Further to confirm crucial amino acids, computational mutation studies were executed. Molecular docking analysis with mutated GPR116 disclosed that significant variation in G score compared withligand-native protein interaction. Hence, the theoretical confirmatory structural properties changes support to prove selective crucial amino acids play the significant role in ligand binding. Molecular dynamic simulation results reveal that the interaction was stable throughout the MD simulation. To the best of our prognosis, GPR116 could be the best molecular target for breast cancer drug discovery.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indiraleka Muthiah
- Department of Biotechnology, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, India
| | | | - Premnath Dhanaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, India
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37
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Sorenmo K, Durham AC, Evans B, Scavello H, Stefanovski D. A prospective randomized trial of desmopressin in canine mammary carcinoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 18:796-803. [PMID: 32441479 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic disease represents a serious and often fatal development in patients with solid tumours, including women with breast cancer and dogs with mammary tumours. Therefore, preventing and treating metastatic disease has remained a priority in cancer research. Desmopressin, a synthetic derivative of vasopressin, traditionally used to treat patients with bleeding disorders, has been proposed as a potential anti-metastatic agent due to its effect on haemostasis as well as multiple other anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to retest desmopressin in dogs with mammary carcinomas. A prospective randomized study was performed. Twenty-four dogs with mammary carcinomas were enrolled; 12 dogs received perioperative desmopressin and 12 received placebo. All dogs underwent standard pre-surgical staging followed by complete resection of all tumours. Intact dogs were spayed. All tumours were graded and classified according to the published guidelines. Follow-up was performed every 4 months the first year and every 6 months thereafter. Necropsies were requested on all dogs. There was no difference in time to primary metastasis or survival between desmopressin treated dogs and the placebo arm (P = .43 and .73, respectively). The distribution of negative prognostic factors, including tumour grade, stage, and high vs low bioscore (refined flexible bioscoring) category between arms was not statistically different, even though more dogs in the placebo arm had grade 3 tumours and high bioscores. Based on the results of this study, perioperative desmopressin does not prevent metastasis in dogs with mammary carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Sorenmo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Penn Vet Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amy C Durham
- Penn Vet Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brolin Evans
- Department of Clinical Sciences & Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Heather Scavello
- Veterinary Clinical Investigation Center (VCIC), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Darko Stefanovski
- Department of Clinical Studies-New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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38
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Noratto G, Layosa MA, Lage NN, Atienza L, Ivanov I, Mertens-Talcott SU, Chew BP. Antitumor potential of dark sweet cherry sweet (Prunus avium) phenolics in suppressing xenograft tumor growth of MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 84:108437. [PMID: 32615370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated in vivo the antitumor activity of dark sweet cherry (DSC) whole extracted phenolics (WE) and fractions enriched in anthocyanins (ACN) or proanthocyanidins (PCA) in athymic mice xenografted with MDA-MB-453 breast cancer cells. Mice were gavaged with WE, ACN or PCA extracts (150 mg/kg body weight/day) for 36 days. Results showed that tumor growth was suppressed at similar levels by WE, ACN and PCA compared to control group (C) without signs of toxicity or significant changes in mRNA oncogenic biomarkers in tumors or mRNA invasive biomarker in distant organs. Tumor protein analyses showed that WE, ACN and PCA induced at similar levels the stress-regulated ERK1/2 phosphorylation, known to be linked to apoptosis induction. However, ACN showed enhanced antitumor activity through down-regulation of total oncogenic and stress-related Akt, STAT3, p38, JNK and NF-kB proteins. In addition, immunohistochemistry analysis of Ki-67 revealed inhibition of tumor cell proliferation with potency WE ≥ ACN ≥ PCA. Differential quantitative proteomic high-resolution nano-HPLC tandem mass spectrometry analysis of tumors from ACN and C groups revealed the identity of 66 proteins associated with poor breast cancer prognosis that were expressed only in C group (61 proteins) or differentially up-regulated (P<.05) in C group (5 proteins). These findings revealed ACN-targeted proteins associated to tumor growth and invasion and the potential of DSC ACN for breast cancer treatment. Results lead to a follow-up study with highly immunodeficient mice/invasive cell line subtype and advanced tumor development to validate the anti-invasive activity of DSC anthocyanins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Noratto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Marjorie A Layosa
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; Institute of Human Nutrition and Food, College of Human Ecology, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Nara N Lage
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; Research Center in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Liezl Atienza
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food, College of Human Ecology, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Boon P Chew
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Holsbø E, Perduca V, Bongo LA, Lund E, Birmelé E. Predicting breast cancer metastasis from whole-blood transcriptomic measurements. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:248. [PMID: 32434554 PMCID: PMC7238609 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In this exploratory work we investigate whether blood gene expression measurements predict breast cancer metastasis. Early detection of increased metastatic risk could potentially be life-saving. Our data comes from the Norwegian Women and Cancer epidemiological cohort study. The women who contributed to these data provided a blood sample up to a year before receiving a breast cancer diagnosis. We estimate a penalized maximum likelihood logistic regression. We evaluate this in terms of calibration, concordance probability, and stability, all of which we estimate by the bootstrap. Results We identify a set of 108 candidate predictor genes that exhibit a fold change in average metastasized observation where there is none for the average non-metastasized observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einar Holsbø
- Department of Computer Science, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Vittorio Perduca
- Laboratoire MAP5 (UMR CNRS 8145), Université Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lars Ailo Bongo
- Department of Computer Science, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Eiliv Lund
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Community Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Etienne Birmelé
- Laboratoire MAP5 (UMR CNRS 8145), Université Paris Descartes, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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40
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Mu Q, Yu J, Griffin JI, Wu Y, Zhu L, McConnachie LA, Ho RJY. Novel drug combination nanoparticles exhibit enhanced plasma exposure and dose-responsive effects on eliminating breast cancer lung metastasis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228557. [PMID: 32142553 PMCID: PMC7059902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis along with new drugs targeted to cancer receptors and immunocheckpoints have improved breast cancer survival. However, full remission remains elusive for metastatic breast cancer due to dose-limiting toxicities of heavily used, highly potent drug combinations such as gemcitabine and paclitaxel. Therefore, novel strategies that lower the effective dose and improve safety margins could enhance the effect of these drug combinations. To this end, we developed and evaluated a novel drug combination of gemcitabine and paclitaxel (GT). Leveraging a simple and scalable drug-combination nanoparticle platform (DcNP), we successfully prepared an injectable GT combination in DcNP (GT DcNP). Compared to a Cremophor EL/ethanol assisted drug suspension in buffer (CrEL), GT DcNP exhibits about 56-fold and 8.6-fold increases in plasma drug exposure (area under the curve, AUC) and apparent half-life of gemcitabine respectively, and a 2.9-fold increase of AUC for paclitaxel. Using 4T1 as a syngeneic model for breast cancer metastasis, we found that a single GT (20/2 mg/kg) dose in DcNP nearly eliminated colonization in the lungs. This effect was not achievable by a CrEL drug combination at a 5-fold higher dose (i.e., 100/10 mg/kg GT). A dose-response study indicates that GT DcNP provided a therapeutic index of ~15.8. Collectively, these data suggest that GT DcNP could be effective against advancing metastatic breast cancer with a margin of safety. As the DcNP formulation is intentionally designed to be simple, scalable, and long-acting, it may be suitable for clinical development to find effective treatment against metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Mu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Jesse Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - James I. Griffin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Linxi Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Lisa A. McConnachie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Rodney J. Y. Ho
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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41
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Xu J, Shi J, Tang W, Jiang P, Guo M, Zhang B, Ma G. ROR2 promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating MAPK/p38 signaling pathway in breast cancer. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:4142-4153. [PMID: 32048761 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) is a tyrosine-protein kinase receptor highly implicated in the growth plate and cartilage development, which may be involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer (BC) cells. Although ROR2 is known to promote the migration of BC cells, the detailed mechanism of this event is still not clear. Here, we found that ROR2 expression was significantly increased in BC lymphatic metastatic tissue as well as BC samples compared to normal adjacent breast tissues. A higher expression of ROR2 in MDA-MB-231 and a lower expression of ROR2 in MCF-7 cells were observed. MDA-MB-231-siROR2 cells with ROR2 knockdown inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell invasion, migration, and clonal formation, while MCF-7-OvROR2 cells with overexpression showed the opposite results. The underlying mechanisms involved in ROR2-induced EMT in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells were further investigated. ROR2 may activate EMT progression in BC cells by altering MAPK kinase 3/6 (MKK3/6) expression. The expressions of transforming growth factor-β, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and MMP-9, which were related to tumor cell invasion activities, were notably increased in MCF-7-OvROR2 cells. The EMT markers, including snail, N-cadherin, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, and vimentin, were significantly upregulated in MCF-7-OvROR2 cells. On the contrary, E-cadherin was obviously reduced expressed in MCF-7-OvROR2 cells. ROR2 may regulate the malignant phenotype of BC cells possibly via activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/p38 signaling pathway. Collectively, ROR2 promotes BC carcinogenesis by mediating the MAPK/p38 pathway, which is independent of Wnt5α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Mammary Gland Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Department of Thyroid and Mammary Gland Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Thyroid and Mammary Gland Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Muhong Guo
- Department of Thyroid and Mammary Gland Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Mammary Gland Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ge Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Amelot A, Terrier LM, Cristini J, Buffenoir K, Pascal-Moussellard H, Carpentier A, Bonaccorsi R, Le Nail LR, Mathon B. Survival in breast cancer patients with spine metastases: Prognostic assessment involving molecular markers. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2019; 46:1021-1027. [PMID: 31899046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To clarify and update the prognostic assessment for heterogeneous population of patients with breast cancer and spine metastases (SpM), using molecular markers. METHODS The patient data used in this study was obtained from a French national multi-center database of patients treated for breast cancer with SpM between 2014 and 2017. 556 SpM cases were diagnosed. RESULTS Median overall survival (OS) time for all patients following the SpM event was 43.9 months. First, we confirmed 3 previously known significant prognostic factors for survival of patients with SpM: young age [HR: 2.019, 95% CI 1.343-3.037; p = 0.001], good WHO status [ Status 0 HR: 2.823, 95% CI 1.231-3.345; p < 0.0001] or [ Status 1 HR: 1.956, 95% CI 0.768-2.874; p = 0.001] and no-ambulatory neurological status: Frankel A-C [HR: 0.438, 95% CI 0.248-0.772; p = 0.004]. Secondly, we determined the effect of gene mutations on survival in patients with SpM, and we identified that HER2+ cancer subtype [HR: 1.567, 95% CI 0.946-2.557; p = 0.008] was an independent predictor of longer survival, whereas basal cancer subtype [HR: 0.496, 95% CI 0.353-0.699; p < 0.0001] was associated with a poorer prognosis. Other factors including the number of SpM, surgery, extraspinal metastases, synchrone metastases, metastasis-free survival, and SpM recurrence were not identified as prognostically relevant to survival. CONCLUSION Survival and our ability to estimate it in breast cancer patients with SpM has improved significantly. Therefore, SpM prognostic scoring algorithms should be updated and incorporate genotypic data on subtypes to make treatment more adaptive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymeric Amelot
- Department of Neurosurgery, La Pitié Salpétrière Hospital, Paris, France.
| | | | - Joseph Cristini
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neurotraumatology, Hotel-Dieu Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Kévin Buffenoir
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neurotraumatology, Hotel-Dieu Hospital, Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Raphael Bonaccorsi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Bertrand Mathon
- Department of Neurosurgery, La Pitié Salpétrière Hospital, Paris, France
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Abdel-Aziz AK, Saadeldin MK, D'Amico P, Orecchioni S, Bertolini F, Curigliano G, Minucci S. Preclinical models of breast cancer: Two-way shuttles for immune checkpoint inhibitors from and to patient bedside. Eur J Cancer 2019; 122:22-41. [PMID: 31606656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Food and Drug Administration has lately approved atezolizumab, anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), to be used together with nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) paclitaxel in treating patients with triple negative breast cancer (BC) expressing PD-L1. Nonetheless, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are still challenged by the resistance and immune-related adverse effects evident in a considerable subset of treated patients without conclusive comprehension of the underlying molecular basis, biomarkers and tolerable therapeutic regimens capable of unleashing the anti-tumour immune responses. Stepping back to preclinical models is thus inevitable to address these inquiries. Herein, we comprehensively review diverse preclinical models of BC exploited in investigating ICIs underscoring their pros and cons as well as the learnt and awaited lessons to allow full exploitation of ICIs in BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Kamal Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mona Kamal Saadeldin
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 6th October City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Paolo D'Amico
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Orecchioni
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertolini
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Riccardi C, Musumeci D, Trifuoggi M, Irace C, Paduano L, Montesarchio D. Anticancer Ruthenium(III) Complexes and Ru(III)-Containing Nanoformulations: An Update on the Mechanism of Action and Biological Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:E146. [PMID: 31561546 PMCID: PMC6958509 DOI: 10.3390/ph12040146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The great advances in the studies on metal complexes for the treatment of different cancer forms, starting from the pioneering works on platinum derivatives, have fostered an increasingly growing interest in their properties and biomedical applications. Among the various metal-containing drugs investigated thus far, ruthenium(III) complexes have emerged for their selective cytotoxic activity in vitro and promising anticancer properties in vivo, also leading to a few candidates in advanced clinical trials. Aiming at addressing the solubility, stability and cellular uptake issues of low molecular weight Ru(III)-based compounds, some research groups have proposed the development of suitable drug delivery systems (e.g., taking advantage of nanoparticles, liposomes, etc.) able to enhance their activity compared to the naked drugs. This review highlights the unique role of Ru(III) complexes in the current panorama of anticancer agents, with particular emphasis on Ru-containing nanoformulations based on the incorporation of the Ru(III) complexes into suitable nanocarriers in order to enhance their bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties. Preclinical evaluation of these nanoaggregates is discussed with a special focus on the investigation of their mechanism of action at a molecular level, highlighting their pharmacological potential in tumour disease models and value for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Domenica Musumeci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Carlo Irace
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Daniela Montesarchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
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Erol T, İmamoğlu NE, Aydin B, Taşkiran ZE, Esendağli G, Kösemehmetoğlu K, Baykal A. Primary tumor resection for initially staged IV breast cancer: An emphasis on programmed death-ligand 1 expression, promoter methylation status, and survival. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16773. [PMID: 31415379 PMCID: PMC6831165 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional therapy modalities for advanced breast cancer are problematic, whereas checkpoint blockade immunotherapy has been considered as a promising approach. This study aims to determine programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and methylation status of PD-L1 promoter in primary tumor tissue and metastatic foci of patients with stage IV breast cancer.Clinicopathological data and survival rates of 57 breast cancer patients, who were initially staged IV, and operated for intact tumors, were retrospectively analyzed. Immunohistochemical analysis of PD-L1 using 57 primary tumors, 33 paired metastatic lymph nodes, and 14 paired distant metastases was performed. Additionally, the methylation rate of the PD-L1 gene promoter region was determined with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis in 38 samples.Overall PD-L1 expression in primary tumors was 23.1% (12/52). PD-L1 positivity was reduced in lymph nodes by 15.2% (5/33) and in distant metastases by 21.4% (3/14). PD-L1 expression diverged between primary and metastatic foci in a subset of cases (18.2% for lymph node and 33.3% for distant metastasis). In general, the PD-L1 promoter was not methylated, and mean methylation rates were low (min. 0%-max. 21%). We observed no correlation between PD-L1 expression, promoter methylation, and survival.Neither the expression nor the methylation status of PD-L1 in patients, who were presented with stage IV breast cancer and operated for an intact primary tumor, had a statistically significant relation with survival. Discordance in PD-L1 expression between primary tumor and metastasis should be considered during pathological and clinical management of patients who would undergo checkpoint blockade therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Z. Ekim Taşkiran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Liu X, Li J, Cadilha BL, Markota A, Voigt C, Huang Z, Lin PP, Wang DD, Dai J, Kranz G, Krandick A, Libl D, Zitzelsberger H, Zagorski I, Braselmann H, Pan M, Zhu S, Huang Y, Niedermeyer S, Reichel CA, Uhl B, Briukhovetska D, Suárez J, Kobold S, Gires O, Wang H. Epithelial-type systemic breast carcinoma cells with a restricted mesenchymal transition are a major source of metastasis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav4275. [PMID: 31223646 PMCID: PMC6584608 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav4275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Carcinoma cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); however, contributions of EMT heterogeneity to disease progression remain a matter of debate. Here, we addressed the EMT status of ex vivo cultured circulating and disseminated tumor cells (CTCs/DTCs) in a syngeneic mouse model of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Epithelial-type CTCs with a restricted mesenchymal transition had the strongest lung metastases formation ability, whereas mesenchymal-type CTCs showed limited metastatic ability. EpCAM expression served as a surrogate marker to evaluate the EMT heterogeneity of clinical samples from MBC, including metastases, CTCs, and DTCs. The proportion of epithelial-type CTCs, and especially DTCs, correlated with distant metastases and poorer outcome of patients with MBC. This study fosters our understanding of EMT in metastasis and underpins heterogeneous EMT phenotypes as important parameters for tumor prognosis and treatment. We further suggest that EpCAM-dependent CTC isolation systems will underestimate CTC numbers but will quantify clinically relevant metastatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Junjian Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Bruno Loureiro Cadilha
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Lindwurmstrasse 2a, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Anamarija Markota
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Lindwurmstrasse 2a, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Cornelia Voigt
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Lindwurmstrasse 2a, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Gisela Kranz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Krandick
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Darko Libl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Horst Zitzelsberger
- Clinical Cooperation Group Personalized Radiotherapy of Head and Neck Tumors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabella Zagorski
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Herbert Braselmann
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sibo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuanchi Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Niedermeyer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph A. Reichel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Uhl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Daria Briukhovetska
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Lindwurmstrasse 2a, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Javier Suárez
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Lindwurmstrasse 2a, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Lindwurmstrasse 2a, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Olivier Gires
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group Personalized Radiotherapy of Head and Neck Tumors, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Corresponding author. (O.G.); (H.W.)
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Corresponding author. (O.G.); (H.W.)
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Piccolo M, Misso G, Ferraro MG, Riccardi C, Capuozzo A, Zarone MR, Maione F, Trifuoggi M, Stiuso P, D'Errico G, Caraglia M, Paduano L, Montesarchio D, Irace C, Santamaria R. Exploring cellular uptake, accumulation and mechanism of action of a cationic Ru-based nanosystem in human preclinical models of breast cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7006. [PMID: 31065032 PMCID: PMC6505035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
According to WHO, breast cancer incidence is increasing so that the search for novel chemotherapeutic options is nowadays an essential requirement to fight neoplasm subtypes. By exploring new effective metal-based chemotherapeutic strategies, many ruthenium complexes have been recently proposed as antitumour drugs, showing ability to impact on diverse cellular targets. In the framework of different molecular pathways leading to cell death in human models of breast cancer, here we demonstrate autophagy involvement behind the antiproliferative action of a ruthenium(III)-complex incorporated into a cationic nanosystem (HoThyRu/DOTAP), proved to be hitherto one of the most effective within the suite of nucleolipidic formulations we have developed for the in vivo transport of anticancer ruthenium(III)-based drugs. Indeed, evidences are implicating autophagy in both cancer development and therapy, and anticancer interventions endowed with the ability to trigger this biological response are currently considered attractive oncotherapeutic approaches. Moreover, crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy, regulated by finely tuned metallo-chemotherapeutics, may provide novel opportunities for future improvement of cancer treatment. Following this line, our in vitro and in vivo preclinical investigations suggest that an original strategy based on suitable formulations of ruthenium(III)-complexes, inducing sustained cell death, could open new opportunities for breast cancer treatment, including the highly aggressive triple-negative subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialuisa Piccolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ferraro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Capuozzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mayra Rachele Zarone
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Maione
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Stiuso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardino D'Errico
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
- CSGI - Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Paduano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy.
- CSGI - Consorzio Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Daniela Montesarchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Carlo Irace
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Rita Santamaria
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
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Circulating miRNAs as a marker of metastatic disease and prognostic factor in metastatic breast cancer. Oncotarget 2019; 10:966-981. [PMID: 30847025 PMCID: PMC6398176 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circulating miRNAs (miRs) are increasingly recognized as potential biomarkers in cancer. We aimed to evaluate the differential expression of miR-23b and miR-190 which are involved in tumor dormancy, miR-21 involved in metastasis and miR-200b and miR-200c involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis, in the plasma of patients with early and metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We also aimed to identify associations of the expression levels with patient and disease characteristics and outcomes in metastatic patients treated with first-line chemotherapy. Results miR-21 (p < 0.001), miR-23b (p = 0.033), miR-200b (p < 0.001) and miR-200c (p < 0.001) expression was higher in metastatic compared to early breast cancer. ROC curve analysis showed that miR-21 (AUC = 0.722; p < 0.001) and miR-200b (AUC = 0.720; p < 0.001) distinguished with high accuracy among the two disease states, whereas the combination of miR-21, miR-190, miR-200b and miR-200c, further improved accuracy (AUC = 0.797; p < 0.001). High miR-200b expression independently predicted for shorter OS (p = 0.026) in MBC. High expression of both miR23b and miR-190 emerged as a strong independent factor associated with shorter PFS (p = 0.001) in de novo metastatic patients and high miR-200b independently predicted for decreased OS in the HER2-negative subgroup (p = 0.007). Materials and Methods Blood samples were obtained from patients with early (n = 133) and MBC (n = 110) before adjuvant or first-line chemotherapy, respectively. Plasma miRNA expression levels were assessed by RT-qPCR and were classified as high or low according to the median values. Conclusions Our results are in support of the concept that circulating miRNAs represent a tool with significant diagnostic and prognostic implications in breast cancer.
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Guo L, Chen D, Yin X, Shu Q. GSK-3β Promotes Cell Migration and Inhibits Autophagy by Mediating the AMPK Pathway in Breast Cancer. Oncol Res 2018; 27:487-494. [PMID: 30037362 PMCID: PMC7848277 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15323394008784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
GSK-3β is a versatile protein kinase participating in many reactions. Currently, there is insufficient understanding of its influence on breast cancer (BC). In order to explore its influence on migration and invasion in BC, we investigated its expression in BC cell lines using qRT-PCR and Western blot (WB). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to examine the potential of GSK-3β to predict clinical outcome in BC patients. GSK-3β knockdown was achieved using an shRNA plasmid vector in T47D cells. Our research explored the biological reactions and downstream pathways involved. We found excessive GSK-3β expression in BC tissues, which was correlated with worse clinicopathological parameters and clinical outcome. Progression of BC was suppressed by GSK-3β knockdown. Furthermore, suppression of GSK-3β function led to a noticeable decrease in ATP generation, and this was associated with stimulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in T47D cells. Activation of AMPK, a typical sign of autophagy stimulation, was triggered after suppression of GSK-3β function, in parallel with increased generation of LC3 II. Our findings therefore indicate that GSK-3β participates in regulation of migration as well as stimulation of autophagy via mediating activation of the AMPK pathway. This suggests that GSK-3β has potential as a predictor of clinical outcome and as a target for BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Guo
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Duankai Chen
- General Surgery, YouJiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xing Yin
- Wound Regeneration and Vascular Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Qingfeng Shu
- General Surgery, YouJiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi, P.R. China
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Ma YHV, Middleton K, You L, Sun Y. A review of microfluidic approaches for investigating cancer extravasation during metastasis. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2018; 4:17104. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1038/micronano.2017.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
AbstractMetastases, or migration of cancers, are common and severe cancer complications. Although the 5-year survival rates of primary tumors have greatly improved, those of metastasis remain below 30%, highlighting the importance of investigating specific mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for metastasis. Microfluidic devices have emerged as a powerful platform for drug target identification and drug response screening and allow incorporation of complex interactions in the metastatic microenvironment as well as manipulation of individual factors. In this work, we review microfluidic devices that have been developed to study cancer cell migration and extravasation in response to mechanical (section ‘Microfluidic investigation of mechanical factors in cancer cell migration’), biochemical (section ‘Microfluidic investigation of biochemical signals in cancer cell invasion’), and cellular (section ‘Microfluidic metastasis-on-a-chip models for investigation of cancer extravasation’) signals. We highlight the device characteristics, discuss the discoveries enabled by these devices, and offer perspectives on future directions for microfluidic investigations of cancer metastasis, with the ultimate aim of identifying the essential factors for a ‘metastasis-on-a-chip’ platform to pursue more efficacious treatment approaches for cancer metastasis.
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