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Herrmann M, Keppel MH, Zelzer S, Alonso N, Cavalier E, Kleber M, Enko D, Scharnagl H, Pilz S, März W. The role of functional vitamin D deficiency and low vitamin D reservoirs in relation to cardiovascular health and mortality. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 0:cclm-2024-0391. [PMID: 38890759 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2024-0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The role of vitamin D deficiency in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is controversial. Inherent biological and analytical limitations compromise the specificity of widely used 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] cut-offs. Simultaneous determination of 25(OH)D and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25(OH)2D] permits a functional assessment of vitamin D metabolism. The present study compared the associations of functional vitamin D deficiency and low vitamin D reservoirs with CVD mortality and CVD burden. METHODS 25(OH)D, 24,25(OH)2D, the degree of coronary obstruction on angiography, high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and 10-year CVD mortality were obtained from 2,456 participants of the LURIC (Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health) study. RESULTS Neither low 25(OH)D concentrations nor functional vitamin D deficiency were associated with the number of atherosclerotic coronary arteries or the degree of coronary obstruction. Over a median follow-up of 9.9 years, 454 participants died (23.6 %) due to CVD. CVD mortality was doubled in individuals with 25(OH)D concentrations below the widely used cut-off for deficiency of <50 nmol/L [20 ng/mL] (21.6 vs. 11.5 %). In individuals with and without functional vitamin D deficiency, CVD mortality was 25.0 and 16.7 %, respectively. NT-proBNP and heart failure prevalence were also higher in vitamin D deficient individuals. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficient individuals have markedly higher CVD mortality, but only marginally higher hs-cTnT concentrations. A higher prevalence of heart failure and higher NT-proBNP concentrations suggest a link between vitamin D deficiency and cardiac function. The traditional and metabolic assessment of vitamin D status showed comparable associations for the different parameters of cardiac health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin H Keppel
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nerea Alonso
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Etienne Cavalier
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Marcus Kleber
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Mannheim Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Synlab Human Genetics Laboratory, Synlab AG, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dietmar Enko
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hubert Scharnagl
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Pilz
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Winfried März
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Synlab Human Genetics Laboratory, Synlab AG, Mannheim, Germany
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Germany GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
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2
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Fenizia S, Gaggini M, Vassalle C. Interplay between Vitamin D and Sphingolipids in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17123. [PMID: 38069444 PMCID: PMC10706901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SLs) are structural, bioactive molecules with several key cellular roles, whereas 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)D), the active form of vitamin D, is considered the major regulator of calcium homeostasis, although it also exerts other extraskeletal effects. Many studies reported the physiological connection between vitamin D and SLs, highlighting not only the effects of vitamin D on SL metabolism and signaling but also the influence of SLs on vitamin D levels and function, thus strongly suggesting a crosstalk between these molecules. After a brief description of 1,25(OH)D and SL metabolism, this review aims to discuss the preclinical and clinical evidence on the crosstalk between SLs and 1,25(OH)D, with a special focus on cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Fenizia
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Corso Trieste 15/A, I-28100 Novara, Italy;
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Corso Trieste 15/A, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Melania Gaggini
- Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Italian National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Via Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
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3
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Jouenne A, Hamici K, Varlet I, Sourdon J, Daudé P, Lan C, Kober F, Landrier JF, Bernard M, Desrois M. Relationship of cardiac remodeling and perfusion alteration with hepatic lipid metabolism in a prediabetic high fat high sucrose diet female rat model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:207-215. [PMID: 37826944 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is known to be linked with metabolic associated fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes, but few studies assessed this relationship in prediabetes, especially among women, who are at greater risk of CVD. We aimed to evaluate cardiac alterations and its relationship with hepatic lipid metabolism in prediabetic female rats submitted to high-fat-high-sucrose diet (HFS). METHODS AND RESULTS Wistar female rats were divided into 2 groups fed for 5 months with standard or HFS diet. We analyzed cardiac morphology, function, perfusion and fibrosis by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Hepatic lipid contents along with inflammation and lipid metabolism gene expression were assessed. Five months of HFS diet induced glucose intolerance (p < 0.05), cardiac remodeling characterized by increased left-ventricular volume, wall thickness and mass (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in left-ventricular ejection fraction and cardiac fibrosis but increased myocardial perfusion (p < 0.01) and reduced cardiac index (p < 0.05) were shown. HFS diet induced hepatic lipid accumulation with increased total lipid mass (p < 0.001) and triglyceride contents (p < 0.05), but also increased mitochondrial (CPT1a, MCAD; (p < 0.001; p < 0.05) and peroxisomal (ACO, LCAD; (p < 0.05; p < 0.001) β-oxidation gene expression. Myocardial wall thickness and perfusion were correlated with hepatic β-oxidation genes expression. Furthermore, myocardial perfusion was also correlated with hepatic lipid content and glucose intolerance. CONCLUSION This study brings new insights on the relationship between cardiac sub-clinical alterations and hepatic metabolism in female prediabetic rats. Further studies are warranted to explore its involvement in the higher CVD risk observed among prediabetic women.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jouenne
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.
| | - K Hamici
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.
| | - I Varlet
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.
| | - J Sourdon
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.
| | - P Daudé
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.
| | - C Lan
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.
| | - F Kober
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.
| | - J F Landrier
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Marseille, France.
| | - M Bernard
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.
| | - M Desrois
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.
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Obert P, Nottin S, Philouze C, Aboukhoudir F. Major impact of vitamin D 3 deficiency and supplementation on left ventricular torsional mechanics during dobutamine stress in uncomplicated type 2 diabetes. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:2269-2279. [PMID: 37543521 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hypovitaminosis D is associated with the risk of diabetic complications. Its role in diabetic-related cardiac abnormalities remain poorly understood. We aimed therefore to evaluate the effect of vitamin D deficiency and supplementation on early left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in vitamin D deficient patients with uncomplicated T2D. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixty-three consecutive T2D patients who had a diagnosis of vitamin D3 were prospectively recruited and allocated into 2 groups (25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL: VDD, >20 ng/mL VDND). Twenty-eight of them with 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL benefited from a 3-month supplementation. At baseline and follow-up, after conventional echocardiography including evaluation of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), both LV longitudinal (LS) and circumferential (CS) strains and rotation/twist mechanics were evaluated at rest and during dobutamine (DOB) stress. After treatment, T2D patients successfully normalized their 25(OH)D levels. The strongest associations between vitamin D deficiency and supplementation with LV myocardial function were noticed for torsional mechanics indexes under DOB. EAT correlated significantly (p < 0.01) with baseline 25(OH)D and was reduced after supplementation. Significant correlations were obtained between these 2 parameters with twist or apical rotation at baseline (p < 0.01) and between their delta changes at follow-up (p < 0.01) under DOB. Significant improvements in LS and CS (p < 0.05) under DOB were also underlined at follow-up, with major enhancements noticed in the apical region (p < 0.01) of the LV. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidences of the potential of vitamin D supplementation as an efficient prophylactic strategy to alleviate the progression of myocardial dysfunction in asymptomatic patients with uncomplicated T2D. CLINICALTRIALS NCT03437421.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Obert
- UPR(4278) LaPEC, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiovascular Physiology, Avignon University, Avignon, France.
| | - Stéphane Nottin
- UPR(4278) LaPEC, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiovascular Physiology, Avignon University, Avignon, France
| | - Clothilde Philouze
- UPR(4278) LaPEC, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiovascular Physiology, Avignon University, Avignon, France
| | - Falah Aboukhoudir
- UPR(4278) LaPEC, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiovascular Physiology, Avignon University, Avignon, France; Cardiology department, Duffaut Hospital Center, Avignon, France.
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Sani L, Cardinault N, Astier J, Darmon P, Landrier JF. Poplar Propolis Improves Insulin Homeostasis in Non-Diabetic Insulin-Resistant Volunteers with Obesity: A Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1481. [PMID: 37627476 PMCID: PMC10451960 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis, a natural resinous mixture rich in polyphenols, produced by bees from a variety of plant sources, has shown significant therapeutic effects and may prevent the development of certain chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with standardized poplar propolis extract powder (PPEP) on insulin homeostasis in non-diabetic insulin-resistant volunteers with obesity. In this randomized, controlled, crossover trial, nine non-diabetic insulin-resistant volunteers with obesity, aged 49 ± 7 years, were subjected to two periods of supplementation (placebo and PPEP) for 3 months. Blood samples and anthropomorphic data were collected at baseline and at the end of each phase of the intervention. PPEP supplementation improved insulin sensitivity by significantly decreasing the percentage of insulin-resistant subjects and the insulin sensitivity Matsuda index (ISI-M). According to this study, supplementation with standardized PPEP for 3 months in non-diabetic insulin-resistant volunteers with obesity led to an improvement in insulin homeostasis by its effect on insulin resistance and secretion. This study suggests that poplar propolis has a preventive effect on the physiopathological mechanisms of T2DM and, therefore, that it can help to prevent the development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Sani
- Centre for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease (C2VN), INSERM, INRAE, AIX Marseille University, 13000 Marseille, France; (L.S.); (J.A.); (P.D.)
| | | | - Julien Astier
- Centre for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease (C2VN), INSERM, INRAE, AIX Marseille University, 13000 Marseille, France; (L.S.); (J.A.); (P.D.)
| | - Patrice Darmon
- Centre for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease (C2VN), INSERM, INRAE, AIX Marseille University, 13000 Marseille, France; (L.S.); (J.A.); (P.D.)
| | - Jean François Landrier
- Centre for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease (C2VN), INSERM, INRAE, AIX Marseille University, 13000 Marseille, France; (L.S.); (J.A.); (P.D.)
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Carbone F, Liberale L, Libby P, Montecucco F. Vitamin D in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:2078-2094. [PMID: 36943351 PMCID: PMC10281557 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Both experimental and clinical findings linking vitamin D to cardiovascular (CV) risk have prompted consideration of its supplementation to improve overall health. Yet several meta-analyses do not provide support for the clinical effectiveness of this strategy. Meanwhile, the understanding of the roles of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of CV diseases has evolved. Specifically, recent work has revealed some non-classical pleiotropic effects of vitamin D, increasing the complexity of vitamin D signalling. Within particular microenvironments (e.g. dysfunctional adipose tissue and atherosclerotic plaque), vitamin D can act locally at cellular level through intracrine/autocrine/paracrine feedforward and feedback circuits. Within atherosclerotic tissues, 'local' vitamin D levels may influence relevant systemic consequences independently of its circulating pool. Moreover, vitamin D links closely to other signalling pathways of CV relevance including those driving cellular senescence, ageing, and age-related diseases-among them CV conditions. This review updates knowledge on vitamin D biology aiming to clarify the widening gap between experimental and clinical evidence. It highlights the potential reverse causation confounding correlation between vitamin D status and CV health, and the need to consider novel pathophysiological concepts in the design of future clinical trials that explore the effects of vitamin D on atherosclerosis and risk of CV events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa—Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa—Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Peter Libby
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa—Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
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Jreije A, Medlej-Hashim M, Hajal J, Saliba Y, Chacar S, Fares N, Khouzami L. Calcitriol Supplementation Protects Against Apoptosis and Alleviates the Severity of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Induced by Angiotensin II and Anti-TGFβ. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:1340-1351. [PMID: 35445935 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to assess the effect of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and its supplementation on the severity of AAA in mice. AAA was induced by AngII and anti-TGF-β administration. Animals were divided into four groups: Sham, mice with AAA, mice with AAA, and VDD, and mice with AAA supplemented with calcitriol. Blood pressure, echocardiography, abdominal aortic tissues, and plasma samples were monitored for all groups. VDD was associated with enhanced activity of cleaved MMP-9 and elastin degradation and positively correlated with the severity of AAA. Calcitriol supplementation decreased the INFγ/IL-10 ratio and enhanced the Nrf2 pathway. Moreover, Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase expression and catalase and neutral sphingomyelinase activity were exacerbated in AAA and VDD groups. Furthermore, calcitriol supplementation showed a significantly lower protein expression of caspase-8, caspase-3, Bid, and t-Bid, and prevented the apoptosis of VSMCs treated by AngII and anti-TGF-β. Calcitriol supplementation may alleviate AAA severity and could be of great interest in the clinical management of AAA. VDD enhances antioxidant enzymes activity and expression, whereas calcitriol supplementation alleviates AAA severity by re-activating Nrf2 and inhibiting apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf Jreije
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Physiologie Et Physiopathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Technologie Santé, Université Saint Joseph, Beirut, Lebanon
- Cellular and Molecular Physiopathologies (CAMP) Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Myrna Medlej-Hashim
- Cellular and Molecular Physiopathologies (CAMP) Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Joelle Hajal
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Physiologie Et Physiopathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Technologie Santé, Université Saint Joseph, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Youakim Saliba
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Physiologie Et Physiopathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Technologie Santé, Université Saint Joseph, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Stephanie Chacar
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Physiologie Et Physiopathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Technologie Santé, Université Saint Joseph, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nassim Fares
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Physiologie Et Physiopathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Pôle Technologie Santé, Université Saint Joseph, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Lara Khouzami
- Cellular and Molecular Physiopathologies (CAMP) Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon.
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