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Karimi P, Ghahfarroki MS, Lorigooini Z, Shahrani M, Amini-Khoei H. Umbelliprenin via increase in the MECP2 and attenuation of oxidative stress mitigates the autistic-like behaviors in mouse model of maternal separation stress. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1300310. [PMID: 38259278 PMCID: PMC10800371 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1300310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition. Maternal separation (MS) stress is an early-life stress factor associated with behaviors resembling Autism. Both MECP2 and oxidative stress are implicated in the pathophysiology of Autism. Umbelliprenin (UMB) is a coumarin compound with various pharmacological properties. Our study aimed to investigate the potential effects of UMB in mitigating autistic-like behaviors in a mouse model subjected to MS stress, focusing on probable alterations in MECP2 gene expression in the hippocampus. Methods: MS paradigm was performed, and mice were treated with saline or UMB. Behavioral tests consisting of the three-chamber test (evaluating social interaction), shuttle box (assessing passive avoidance memory), elevated plus-maze (measuring anxiety-like behaviors), and marble-burying test (evaluating repetitive behaviors) were conducted. Gene expression of MECP2 and measurements of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), nitrite level, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were assessed in the hippocampus. Results: The findings demonstrated that MS-induced behaviors resembling Autism, accompanied by decreased MECP2 gene expression, elevated nitrite, MDA levels, and reduced TAC in the hippocampus. UMB mitigated these autistic-like behaviors induced by MS and attenuated the adverse effects of MS on oxidative stress and MECP2 gene expression in the hippocampus. Conclusion: In conclusion, UMB likely attenuated autistic-like behaviors caused by MS stress, probably, through the reduction of oxidative stress and an increase in MECP2 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Fabianová K, Babeľová J, Fabian D, Popovičová A, Martončíková M, Raček A, Račeková E. Maternal High-Energy Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation Impairs Neurogenesis and Alters the Behavior of Adult Offspring in a Phenotype-Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105564. [PMID: 35628378 PMCID: PMC9146615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the biggest and most costly health challenges the modern world encounters. Substantial evidence suggests that the risk of metabolic syndrome or obesity formation may be affected at a very early stage of development, in particular through fetal and/or neonatal overfeeding. Outcomes from epidemiological studies indicate that maternal nutrition during pregnancy and lactation has a profound impact on adult neurogenesis in the offspring. In the present study, an intergenerational dietary model employing overfeeding of experimental mice during prenatal and early postnatal development was applied to acquire mice with various body conditions. We investigated the impact of the maternal high-energy diet during pregnancy and lactation on adult neurogenesis in the olfactory neurogenic region involving the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the rostral migratory stream (RMS) and some behavioral tasks including memory, anxiety and nociception. Our findings show that a maternal high-energy diet administered during pregnancy and lactation modifies proliferation and differentiation, and induced degeneration of cells in the SVZ/RMS of offspring, but only in mice where extreme phenotype, such as significant overweight/adiposity or obesity is manifested. Thereafter, a maternal high-energy diet enhances anxiety-related behavior in offspring regardless of its body condition and impairs learning and memory in offspring with an extreme phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Fabianová
- Institute of Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (A.P.); (M.M.); (A.R.); (E.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Janka Babeľová
- Centre of Biosciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4-6, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.B.); (D.F.)
| | - Dušan Fabian
- Centre of Biosciences, Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4-6, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.B.); (D.F.)
| | - Alexandra Popovičová
- Institute of Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (A.P.); (M.M.); (A.R.); (E.R.)
| | - Marcela Martončíková
- Institute of Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (A.P.); (M.M.); (A.R.); (E.R.)
| | - Adam Raček
- Institute of Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (A.P.); (M.M.); (A.R.); (E.R.)
| | - Enikő Račeková
- Institute of Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (A.P.); (M.M.); (A.R.); (E.R.)
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Martončíková M, Alexovič Matiašová A, Ševc J, Račeková E. Relationship between Blood Vessels and Migration of Neuroblasts in the Olfactory Neurogenic Region of the Rodent Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11506. [PMID: 34768936 PMCID: PMC8583928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural precursors originating in the subventricular zone (SVZ), the largest neurogenic region of the adult brain, migrate several millimeters along a restricted migratory pathway, the rostral migratory stream (RMS), toward the olfactory bulb (OB), where they differentiate into interneurons and integrate into the local neuronal circuits. Migration of SVZ-derived neuroblasts in the adult brain differs in many aspects from that in the embryonic period. Unlike in that period, postnatally-generated neuroblasts in the SVZ are able to divide during migration along the RMS, as well as they migrate independently of radial glia. The homophilic mode of migration, i.e., using each other to move, is typical for neuroblast movement in the RMS. In addition, it has recently been demonstrated that specifically-arranged blood vessels navigate SVZ-derived neuroblasts to the OB and provide signals which promote migration. Here we review the development of vasculature in the presumptive neurogenic region of the rodent brain during the embryonic period as well as the development of the vascular scaffold guiding neuroblast migration in the postnatal period, and the significance of blood vessel reorganization during the early postnatal period for proper migration of RMS neuroblasts in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Martončíková
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Institute of Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Anna Alexovič Matiašová
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia; (A.A.M.); (J.Š.)
| | - Juraj Ševc
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia; (A.A.M.); (J.Š.)
| | - Enikő Račeková
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Institute of Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
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Ikenari T, Kurata H, Satoh T, Hata Y, Mori T. Evaluation of Fluoro-Jade C Staining: Specificity and Application to Damaged Immature Neuronal Cells in the Normal and Injured Mouse Brain. Neuroscience 2020; 425:146-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Reshetnikov VV, Kovner AV, Lepeshko AA, Pavlov KS, Grinkevich LN, Bondar NP. Stress early in life leads to cognitive impairments, reduced numbers of CA3 neurons and altered maternal behavior in adult female mice. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 19:e12541. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliy V. Reshetnikov
- Laboratory of Gene Expression RegulationInstitute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Anna V. Kovner
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological ProcessesInstitute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Arina A. Lepeshko
- Laboratory of Gene Expression RegulationInstitute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) Novosibirsk Russia
- Novosibirsk National Research State University Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Konstantin S. Pavlov
- Laboratory of Experimental Models of Emotional PathologiesInstitute of Physiology and Basic Medicine Novosibirsk Russia
| | - Larisa N. Grinkevich
- Laboratory of Regulation of Functions of Brain NeuronsPavlov Institute of Physiology, RAS St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Natalya P. Bondar
- Laboratory of Gene Expression RegulationInstitute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) Novosibirsk Russia
- Novosibirsk National Research State University Novosibirsk Russia
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Raček A, Beňová K, Arnoul P, Závodská M, Angelidis A, Cigánková V, Šimaiová V, Račeková E. Age-dependent effect of long-term microwave radiation on postnatal neurogenesis in rats: morphological and behavioral study. Physiol Res 2018. [PMID: 29527915 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Processes of adult neurogenesis can be influenced by environmental factors. Here, we investigated the effect of microwave radiation (MWR) on proliferation and cell dying in the rat rostral migratory stream (RMS) - a migration route for the neuroblasts of the subventricular zone. Adult and juvenile (two weeks old) rats were exposed to a pulsed-wave MWR at the frequency of 2.45 GHz for 1 or 3 h daily during 3 weeks. Adult rats were divided into two groups: without survival and with two weeks survival after irradiation. Juvenile rats survived till adulthood, when were tested in the light/dark test. Proliferating cells in the RMS were labeled by Ki-67; dying cells were visualized by Fluoro-Jade C histochemistry. In both groups of rats irradiated as adults we have observed significant decrease of the number of dividing cells within the RMS. Exposure of juvenile rats to MWR induced only slight decrease in proliferation, however, it strikingly affected cell death even two months following irradiation. In addition, these rats displayed locomotor hyperactivity and decreased risk assessment in adulthood. Our results suggest that the long-lasting influence of radiation is manifested by affected cell survival and changes in animals´ behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raček
- Department of Genetics and Biology University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovak Republic.
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8
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Vilela FC, Vieira JS, Giusti‐Paiva A, Silva ML. Experiencing early life maternal separation increases pain sensitivity in adult offspring. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 62:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Cardoso Vilela
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biociências Aplicadas à SaúdeBrazil
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal‐MG)AlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Jádina Santos Vieira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biociências Aplicadas à SaúdeBrazil
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal‐MG)AlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Alexandre Giusti‐Paiva
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biociências Aplicadas à SaúdeBrazil
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal‐MG)AlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
| | - Marcelo Lourenço Silva
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biociências Aplicadas à SaúdeBrazil
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas (Unifal‐MG)AlfenasMinas GeraisBrazil
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9
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Holmes MM. Social regulation of adult neurogenesis: A comparative approach. Front Neuroendocrinol 2016; 41:59-70. [PMID: 26877107 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The social environment sculpts the mammalian brain throughout life. Adult neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons in the mature brain, can be up- or down-regulated by various social manipulations. These include social isolation, social conflict, social status, socio-sexual interactions, and parent/offspring interactions. However, socially-mediated changes in neuron production are often species-, sex-, and/or region-specific. In order to reconcile the variability of social effects on neurogenesis, we need to consider species-specific social adaptations and other contextual variables (e.g. age, social status, reproductive status, etc.) that shift the valence of social stimuli. Using a comparative approach to understand how adult-generated neurons in turn influence social behaviors will shed light on how adult neurogenesis contributes to survival and reproduction in diverse species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Holmes
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Canada.
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10
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Hirako A, Sun J, Furukawa S, Takeuchi T, Sugiyama A. Effect of methotrexate on rostral migratory stream in newborn rats. J Vet Med Sci 2015; 77:1565-71. [PMID: 26136044 PMCID: PMC4710711 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.15-0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-day-old rats were treated with subcutaneous injections of methotrexate (MTX) 5 mg/kg
and 150 mg/kg, and their rostral migratory streams (RMS) were examined time-dependently.
MTX treatment increased pyknotic and TUNEL-positive cells and decreased mitotic and
phospho-Histone H3-positive cells at almost all time points in the vertical arm, elbow and
horizontal arm regions of the RMS. There were more TUNEL-positive cells ratio in the MTX
150 mg/kg group than in the MTX 5 mg/kg group. Treatment with MTX 150 mg/kg decreased the
cellularity in the vertical arm region on Postnatal day (PD) 4, but that with the MTX 5
mg/kg did not. TUNEL-positive cells ratio was the highest in the vertical arm region,
followed by elbow and horizontal regions in both MTX-treated groups. TUNEL-positive cells
ratio in the vertical arm and elbow regions reached their peaks on PD 4 in both
MTX-treated groups, and both MTX-treatments significantly decreased Phospho-Histone
H3-positive cells ratio on PDs 2.5 and 3 in the vertical arm, elbow and horizontal arm
regions. The phospho-Histone H3-positive cells ratio in the vertical arm region recovered
on PD4 in the MTX 150 mg/kg group. These findings suggested that RMS required a great
amount of folic acid on PD 2 and that the folic acid-requirement differed depending on the
anatomical region of the RMS. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the
effect of MTX on the RMS and the necessity of the folic acid metabolism on RMS development
in newborn rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Hirako
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Minami 4-101 Koyama-cho, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
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11
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Lajud N, Torner L. Early life stress and hippocampal neurogenesis in the neonate: sexual dimorphism, long term consequences and possible mediators. Front Mol Neurosci 2015; 8:3. [PMID: 25741234 PMCID: PMC4327304 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2015.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adverse early life experience decreases adult hippocampal neurogenesis and results in increased vulnerability to neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite that the effects of postnatal stress on neurogenesis have been widely studied in adult individuals, few efforts have been done to evaluate its immediate effects on the developing hippocampus. Moreover, it is not clear whether postnatal stress causes a differential impact in hippocampus development in male and female neonates that could be related to emotional deficits in adulthood. It has been proposed that the long term effects of early stress exposure rise from a persistent HPA axis activation during sensitive time windows; nevertheless the exact mechanisms and mediators remain unknown. Here, we summarize the immediate and late effects of early life stress on hippocampal neurogenesis in male and female rat pups, compare its later consequences in emotionality, and highlight some relevant mediator peptides that could be potentially involved in programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naima Lajud
- División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Morelia, Mexico
| | - Luz Torner
- División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Morelia, Mexico
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Mo C, Renoir T, Hannan AJ. Ethological endophenotypes are altered by elevated stress hormone levels in both Huntington's disease and wildtype mice. Behav Brain Res 2014; 274:118-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Wu X, Bai Y, Tan T, Li H, Xia S, Chang X, Zhou Z, Zhou W, Li T, Wang YT, Dong Z. Lithium ameliorates autistic-like behaviors induced by neonatal isolation in rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:234. [PMID: 25018711 PMCID: PMC4071979 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal isolation is a widely accepted model to study the long-term behavioral changes produced by the early life events. However, it remains unknown whether neonatal isolation can induce autistic-like behaviors, and if so, whether pharmacological treatment can overcome it. Here, we reported that newborn rats subjected to individual isolations from their mother and nest for 1 h per day from postnatal days 1–9 displayed apparent autistic-like symptoms including social deficits, excessive repetitive self-grooming behavior, and increased anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors tested in young adult (postnatal days 42–56) compared to normal reared controls. Furthermore, these behavioral changes were accompanied by impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis and reduced the ratio of excitatory/inhibitory synaptic transmissions, as reflected by an increase in spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic current (sIPSC) and normal spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current (sEPSC) in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuron. More importantly, chronic administration of lithium, a clinically used mood stabilizer, completely overcame neonatal isolation-induced autistic-like behaviors, and restored adult hippocampal neurogenesis as well as the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activities to physiological levels. These findings indicate that neonatal isolation may produce autistic-like behaviors, and lithium may be a potential therapeutic agent against autism spectrum disorders (ASD) during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China ; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Yanrui Bai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China ; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Tan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China ; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjie Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China ; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Shuting Xia
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University Nanjing, China
| | - Xinxia Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University Nanjing, China
| | - Zikai Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University Nanjing, China
| | - Weihui Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China ; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Tingyu Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China ; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Tian Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China ; Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Zhifang Dong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China ; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing, China
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Hvizdosova N, Tomasova L, Bolekova A, Kolesar D, Kluchova D. Nitrergic neurons during early postnatal development of the prefrontal cortex in the rat: histochemical study. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:736-9. [PMID: 24560455 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The presence of nitrergic cells in the prefrontal cortex has been confirmed, however little is known about the postnatal development of these cells. Nitrergic neurons were studied histochemically by using NADPH-diaphorase staining in the prefrontal cortex of male Wistar rats from postnatal day 7-21 (P7-21). Neuronal NADPH-diaphorase is a nitric oxide synthase that provides a specific histochemical marker for neurons producing nitric oxide (NO). NO acts as a neurotransmitter and intracellular signaling molecule in the nervous system. We observed in 7 day old rats NADPH-d containing neurons that were intensely stained. These neurons were bipolar with a short dendrite with average length of 23 μm. During the second postnatal week, the neurons were mainly bipolar and were rarely multipolar. By P14 the cells were located primarily in cortical layers III-VI. Nitrergic neurons of the 21 day old rats were histochemically identified as multipolar cells with long radial extending dendrites. Dendrites of neurons in 14 and 21 day old rats were a similar length with an average of 57 μm. These results suggest that nitrergic neurons differentiate during a relatively short period of time and reach their structural maturity by the end of the second week of postnatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Hvizdosova
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Srobarova 2, Kosice 04180, Slovak Republic
| | - Lenka Tomasova
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Srobarova 2, Kosice 04180, Slovak Republic
| | - Adriana Bolekova
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Srobarova 2, Kosice 04180, Slovak Republic.
| | - Dalibor Kolesar
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Srobarova 2, Kosice 04180, Slovak Republic
| | - Darina Kluchova
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Srobarova 2, Kosice 04180, Slovak Republic
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Fabianová K, Martončíková M, Fabian D, Blaško J, Račeková E. Diverse effect of different odor stimuli on behavior and Fos protein production in the olfactory system neurogenic region of adult rats. Behav Brain Res 2014; 265:38-48. [PMID: 24485916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Previously it has been demonstrated that processes of postnatal neurogenesis in the olfactory system neurogenic region-the subventricular zone (SVZ), rostral migratory stream (RMS), and olfactory bulb (OB) can be significantly altered by different factors of an environment. However, the mechanisms involved in regulation of neurogenesis by exogenous factors in the olfactory system remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to contribute to the understanding of these mechanisms by immunohistochemical assessment of Fos protein induction in areas of adult neurogenesis. To evaluate the coordinate activation of Fos production in neurons of the olfactory system neurogenic region, a brief exposure to artificial odor (eau de Cologne) or naturalistic odor (cat odor) has been used in alert rats. Our results revealed that the effects of these odors are easily distinguishable at both the behavioral and the morphological level. Cat odor induced greater changes in anxiety level, and produced typical pattern of Fos activation in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), a brain region associated with defensive behavior. An important finding is, that next to distinct Fos expression in the OB and the AOB, Fos positive cells have been found also within the SVZ/RMS of the odor stimulated rats. Interestingly, Fos expression in the RMS was detected only after exposure to artificial odor stimulus. These results provide new evidence that some SVZ/RMS cells have complete prerequisites necessary for the Fos signal transduction cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Fabianová
- Institute of Neurobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 04001, Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Marcela Martončíková
- Institute of Neurobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 04001, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Dušan Fabian
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Science, Šoltésovej 4, 04001, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Juraj Blaško
- Institute of Neurobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 04001, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Enikő Račeková
- Institute of Neurobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 04001, Košice, Slovak Republic
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Prenatal stress inhibits hippocampal neurogenesis but spares olfactory bulb neurogenesis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72972. [PMID: 24009723 PMCID: PMC3756947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The dentate gyrus (DG) and the olfactory bulb (OB) are two regions of the adult brain in which new neurons are integrated daily in the existing networks. It is clearly established that these newborn neurons are implicated in specific functions sustained by these regions and that different factors can influence neurogenesis in both structures. Among these, life events, particularly occurring during early life, were shown to profoundly affect adult hippocampal neurogenesis and its associated functions like spatial learning, but data regarding their impact on adult bulbar neurogenesis are lacking. We hypothesized that prenatal stress could interfere with the development of the olfactory system, which takes place during the prenatal period, leading to alterations in adult bulbar neurogenesis and in olfactory capacities. To test this hypothesis we exposed pregnant C57Bl/6J mice to gestational restraint stress and evaluated behavioral and anatomic consequences in adult male offspring. We report that prenatal stress has no impact on adult bulbar neurogenesis, and does not alter olfactory functions in adult male mice. However, it decreases cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the DG of the hippocampus, thus confirming previous reports on rats. Altogether our data support a selective and cross-species long-term impact of prenatal stress on neurogenesis.
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Immunohistochemical evidence for the presence of synaptic connections of nitrergic neurons in the rat rostral migratory stream. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2013; 33:753-7. [PMID: 23842992 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-013-9956-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The rostral migratory stream (RMS) is a migration route for neuroblasts originating in the richest neurogenic niche of the adult mammalian brain-the subventricular zone. Most studies are focused on cellular dynamics of migrating neuroblasts and interactions between neuroblasts and astrocytes which both represent the major cellular component of the RMS. Our previous experiments have brought evidence about the existence of a small population of mature neurons in the adult rat RMS with capacity to produce nitric oxide (NO). In order to further support functional significance of nitrergic cells, the aim of the present study was to determine whether NO producing neurons could form synapses. Sagittal sections from the adult rat brain were processed for simultaneous immunohistochemical detection of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), the enzyme present in NO producing cells and synaptophysin, a glycoprotein found in synaptic vesicles. Synaptophysin positivity in the RMS was significantly lower in comparison with other brain areas, but its colocalization with nNOS-positive neurons was obvious. Our results suggest that nitrergic neurons in the RMS could be involved in a neuronal circuitry with potential impact on regulation of neurogenesis in the RMS.
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18
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Effects of short-duration electromagnetic radiation on early postnatal neurogenesis in rats: Fos and NADPH-d histochemical studies. Acta Histochem 2011; 113:723-8. [PMID: 20950843 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2010.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The immediate effects of whole body electromagnetic radiation (EMR) were used to study postnatal neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and rostral migratory stream (RMS) of Wistar rats of both sexes. Newborn postnatal day 7 (P7) and young adult rats (P28) were exposed to pulsed electromagnetic fields (EMF) at a frequency of 2.45 GHz and mean power density of 2.8 mW/cm(2) for 2 h. Post-irradiation changes were studied using immunohistochemical localization of Fos and NADPH-d. We found that short-duration exposure induces increased Fos immunoreactivity selectively in cells of the SVZ of P7 and P28 rats. There were no Fos positive cells visible within the RMS of irradiated rats. These findings indicate that some differences exist in prerequisites of proliferating cells between the SVZ and RMS regardless of the age of the rats. Short-duration exposure also caused praecox maturation of NADPH-d positive cells within the RMS of P7 rats. The NADPH-d positive cells appeared several days earlier than in age-matched controls, and their number and morphology showed characteristics of adult rats. On the other hand, in the young adult P28 rats, EMR induced morphological signs typical of early postnatal age. These findings indicate that EMR causes age-related changes in the production of nitric oxide (NO), which may lead to different courses of the proliferation cascade in newborn and young adult neurogenesis.
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Lievajova K, Blasko J, Martoncikova M, Cigankova V, Racekova E. Delayed maturation and altered proliferation within the rat rostral migratory stream following maternal deprivation. Eur J Histochem 2011; 55:e33. [PMID: 22297439 PMCID: PMC3284235 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2011.e33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether stressful experience during early postnatal period may influence morphological characteristics of the rat neurogenic pathway – the rostral migratory stream (RMS) and proliferation of neuronal precursors in three successive areas of the RMS: in the vertical arm, the elbow and the horizontal arm. To induce stress, the pups were subjected to repeated maternal deprivation during the first postnatal week after birth. Brains were analyzed at the seventh postnatal day. The controls matched the age of maternally deprived animals. Observation of hematoxylin-eosin stained sections showed that maternal deprivation did not affect the general morphological appearance of the RMS. The shape of the RMS of maternally deprived rats resembles the RMS of control animals. Maternal deprivation caused slight, not significant increase in the RMS thickness in comparison with control rats. Significant difference between the control and maternally deprived rats concerns the olfactory ventricle. While in seven days old control rats the olfactory ventricle is completely closed, in maternally deprived rats of the same age the olfactory ventricle was regularly visible as a narrow lumen at the axis of the RMS horizontal arm. This finding indicates delayed maturation of the migratory pathway as a consequence of stress. Proliferation activity has been assessed by immunoreactivity of the endogenous cell cycle protein Ki-67. The results of Ki-67 immunohistochemistry showed that seven days' maternal separation for 3 h daily induces significant quantitative changes in the number of proliferating cells within the RMS. The response of Ki-67-positive cells to stress differed in individual part of the RMS, with a marked decrease in the vertical arm and a significant increase in the elbow, suggesting heterogeneity of neural stem cells along the RMS; while in the RMS vertical arm the number of dividing cells significantly decreased, there was a marked increase of Ki-67-positive cells in the RMS elbow. This suggests heterogeneity of neural stem cells along the RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lievajova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic
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20
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Martončíková M, Lievajová K, Orendáčová J, Blaško J, Račeková E. Odor enrichment influences neurogenesis in the rostral migratory stream of young rats. Acta Histochem 2011; 113:326-32. [PMID: 20097411 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2010.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Revised: 12/28/2009] [Accepted: 12/31/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The olfactory bulb is one of a few brain structures characterized by high plasticity due to the fact that new neurons are continually integrated into the olfactory bulb circuit throughout life. The new cells originate from the subventricular zone of the forebrain and migrate through the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to the olfactory bulb that also represents the first synaptic relay of the olfactory system. Data accumulating in recent years have confirmed that sensory inputs can influence the level of postnatal neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb. In this study, we studied neurogenesis in the rostral migratory stream of Wistar albino rat pups after exposure to an odor-enriched environment. The rats were olfactory stimulated twice daily with different odorants from the day of their birth up to 1, 2 or 3 weeks, respectively. Using bromodeoxyuridine, a marker of cell proliferation, we found an increased number of proliferating cells in the rostral migratory stream of rat pups submitted to olfactory stimulation. Conversely, the number of dying cells, labeled with the fluorescent dye Fluoro Jade-C, was down-regulated in groups of rats exposed to an odor-enriched environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Martončíková
- Institute of Neurobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, Košice, Slovak Republic.
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Maternal separation affects the number, proliferation and apoptosis of glia cells in the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area of juvenile rats. Neuroscience 2011; 173:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Choi JH, Yoo KY, Park OK, Lee CH, Kim SK, Hwang IK, Lee YL, Shin HC, Won MH. Relation Among Neuronal Death, Cell Proliferation and Neuronal Differentiation in the Gerbil Main Olfactory Bulb after Transient Cerebral Ischemia. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2010; 30:929-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-010-9522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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