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Sánchez JC, Alemán A, Henao JF, Olaya JC, Ehrlich BE. NCS-1 protein regulates TRPA1 channel through the PI3K pathway in breast cancer and neuronal cells. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:451-463. [PMID: 38564162 PMCID: PMC11074019 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01016-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The physical and functional interaction between transient receptor potential channel ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS-1) was assessed. NCS-1 is a calcium (Ca2+) sensor found in many tissues, primarily neurons, and TRPA1 is a Ca2+ channel involved not only in thermal and pain sensation but also in conditions such as cancer and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, in which NCS-1 is also a regulatory component.We explored the interactions between these two proteins by employing western blot, qRT-PCR, co-immunoprecipitation, Ca2+ transient monitoring with Fura-2 spectrophotometry, and electrophysiology assays in breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) with different levels of NCS-1 expression and neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y).Our findings showed that the expression of TRPA1 was directly correlated with NCS-1 levels at both the protein and mRNA levels. Additionally, we found a physical and functional association between these two proteins. Physically, the NCS-1 and TRPA1 co-immunoprecipitate. Functionally, NCS-1 enhanced TRPA1-dependent Ca2+ influx, current density, open probability, and conductance, where the functional effects depended on PI3K. Conclusion: NCS-1 appears to act not only as a Ca2+ sensor but also modulates TRPA1 protein expression and channel function in a direct fashion through the PI3K pathway. These results contribute to understanding how Ca2+ homeostasis is regulated and provides a mechanism underlying conditions where Ca2+ dynamics are compromised, including breast cancer. With a cellular pathway identified, targeted treatments can be developed for breast cancer and neuropathy, among other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio C Sánchez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, AA 97, La Julita, 660003, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
| | - Alexander Alemán
- Department of Basic Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, AA 97, La Julita, 660003, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Juan F Henao
- Department of Basic Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, AA 97, La Julita, 660003, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Juan C Olaya
- Department of Basic Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, AA 97, La Julita, 660003, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Departments of Pharmacology and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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2
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Lisek M, Tomczak J, Boczek T, Zylinska L. Calcium-Associated Proteins in Neuroregeneration. Biomolecules 2024; 14:183. [PMID: 38397420 PMCID: PMC10887043 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of intracellular calcium levels is a critical factor in neurodegeneration, leading to the aberrant activation of calcium-dependent processes and, ultimately, cell death. Ca2+ signals vary in magnitude, duration, and the type of neuron affected. A moderate Ca2+ concentration can initiate certain cellular repair pathways and promote neuroregeneration. While the peripheral nervous system exhibits an intrinsic regenerative capability, the central nervous system has limited self-repair potential. There is evidence that significant variations exist in evoked calcium responses and axonal regeneration among neurons, and individual differences in regenerative capacity are apparent even within the same type of neurons. Furthermore, some studies have shown that neuronal activity could serve as a potent regulator of this process. The spatio-temporal patterns of calcium dynamics are intricately controlled by a variety of proteins, including channels, ion pumps, enzymes, and various calcium-binding proteins, each of which can exert either positive or negative effects on neural repair, depending on the cellular context. In this concise review, we focus on several calcium-associated proteins such as CaM kinase II, GAP-43, oncomodulin, caldendrin, calneuron, and NCS-1 in order to elaborate on their roles in the intrinsic mechanisms governing neuronal regeneration following traumatic damage processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ludmila Zylinska
- Department of Molecular Neurochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (M.L.); (J.T.); (T.B.)
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3
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Muñoz-Reyes D, McClelland LJ, Arroyo-Urea S, Sánchez-Yepes S, Sabín J, Pérez-Suárez S, Menendez M, Mansilla A, García-Nafría J, Sprang S, Sanchez-Barrena MJ. The neuronal calcium sensor NCS-1 regulates the phosphorylation state and activity of the Gα chaperone and GEF Ric-8A. eLife 2023; 12:e86151. [PMID: 38018500 PMCID: PMC10732572 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS-1), an EF-hand Ca2+ binding protein, and Ric-8A coregulate synapse number and probability of neurotransmitter release. Recently, the structures of Ric-8A bound to Gα have revealed how Ric-8A phosphorylation promotes Gα recognition and activity as a chaperone and guanine nucleotide exchange factor. However, the molecular mechanism by which NCS-1 regulates Ric-8A activity and its interaction with Gα subunits is not well understood. Given the interest in the NCS-1/Ric-8A complex as a therapeutic target in nervous system disorders, it is necessary to shed light on this molecular mechanism of action at atomic level. We have reconstituted NCS-1/Ric-8A complexes to conduct a multimodal approach and determine the sequence of Ca2+ signals and phosphorylation events that promote the interaction of Ric-8A with Gα. Our data show that the binding of NCS-1 and Gα to Ric-8A are mutually exclusive. Importantly, NCS-1 induces a structural rearrangement in Ric-8A that traps the protein in a conformational state that is inaccessible to casein kinase II-mediated phosphorylation, demonstrating one aspect of its negative regulation of Ric-8A-mediated G-protein signaling. Functional experiments indicate a loss of Ric-8A guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity toward Gα when complexed with NCS-1, and restoration of nucleotide exchange activity upon increasing Ca2+ concentration. Finally, the high-resolution crystallographic data reported here define the NCS-1/Ric-8A interface and will allow the development of therapeutic synapse function regulators with improved activity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Muñoz-Reyes
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry 'Blas Cabrera', CSICMadridSpain
| | - Levi J McClelland
- Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, and Division of Biological Sciences, University of MontanaMissoulaUnited States
| | - Sandra Arroyo-Urea
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI) and Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas (LMA), University of ZaragozaZaragozaSpain
| | - Sonia Sánchez-Yepes
- Department of Neurobiology, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y CajalMadridSpain
| | - Juan Sabín
- AFFINImeter Scientific & Development team, Software 4 Science DevelopmentsSantiago de CompostelaSpain
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Sara Pérez-Suárez
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry 'Blas Cabrera', CSICMadridSpain
| | - Margarita Menendez
- Department of Biological Physical-Chemisty, Institute of Physical-Chemistry 'Blas Cabrera', CSICMadridSpain
- Ciber of Respiratory Diseases, ISCIIIMadridSpain
| | - Alicia Mansilla
- Department of Neurobiology, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y CajalMadridSpain
- Department of Systems Biology, Universidad de AlcalaMadridSpain
| | - Javier García-Nafría
- Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI) and Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas (LMA), University of ZaragozaZaragozaSpain
| | - Stephen Sprang
- Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, and Division of Biological Sciences, University of MontanaMissoulaUnited States
| | - Maria Jose Sanchez-Barrena
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry 'Blas Cabrera', CSICMadridSpain
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4
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Zhang W, Wang J, Li W, Liu X, Zhao Y, Yang P, Zhu M, Hu K, Li S, Dong G, Yan C, He X, Zhang X, Jing H. The expression level of Neuronal Calcium Sensor 1 can predict the prognosis of cytogenetically normal AML. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2023:10.1038/s41397-023-00301-2. [PMID: 36918700 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-023-00301-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is malignant clonal expansion of myeloid blasts with high heterogeneity and numerous molecular biomarkers have been found to judge the prognosis in some specific classifications of AML. Furthermore, as for patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML), we need to find more new biomarkers to predict the patients' outcomes. Recently, the expression level of Neuronal Calcium Sensor 1 (NCS1) has been associated with the prognosis of breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, but nothing related has been reported about hematological malignancies. Therefore, we make this study to explore the relationship between the NCS1 expression level and CN-AML. We analyzed the relation between survival and NCS1 RNA expression through 75 CN-AML patients from Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and 433 CN-AML patients (3 independent datasets) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Additionally, we compared the NCS1 RNA expression between 138 leukemia stem cells positive (LSCs+) samples and 89 leukemia stem cells negative (LSCs-) samples from 78 AML patients from GSE76004 dataset. In our study, CN-AML patients with high expression level of NCS1 have longer EFS or OS. In addition, the NCS1 expression level in leukemia stem cells was low (p = 0.00039). According to these findings, we concluded that the high expression of NCS1 can predict favorable prognosis in CN-AML patients. Furthermore, our work put forward that NCS1 expresses lower in LSCs+, which might be an important mechanism to explain the aggressiveness of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoni Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yali Zhao
- General Practice Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxia Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoxiang Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, 100050, Beijing, China
| | - Gehong Dong
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, 100050, Beijing, China
| | - Changjian Yan
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 100191, Beijing, China. .,Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Xue He
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, 100050, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiuru Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University, 100050, Beijing, China.
| | - Hongmei Jing
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 100191, Beijing, China.
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5
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Cogram P, Fernández-Beltrán LC, Casarejos MJ, Sánchez-Yepes S, Rodríguez-Martín E, García-Rubia A, Sánchez-Barrena MJ, Gil C, Martínez A, Mansilla A. The inhibition of NCS-1 binding to Ric8a rescues fragile X syndrome mice model phenotypes. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1007531. [PMID: 36466176 PMCID: PMC9709425 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1007531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by the loss of function of Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). FXS is one of the leading monogenic causes of intellectual disability (ID) and autism. Although it is caused by the failure of a single gene, FMRP that functions as an RNA binding protein affects a large number of genes secondarily. All these genes represent hundreds of potential targets and different mechanisms that account for multiple pathological features, thereby hampering the search for effective treatments. In this scenario, it seems desirable to reorient therapies toward more general approaches. Neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS-1), through its interaction with the guanine-exchange factor Ric8a, regulates the number of synapses and the probability of the release of a neurotransmitter, the two neuronal features that are altered in FXS and other neurodevelopmental disorders. Inhibitors of the NCS-1/Ric8a complex have been shown to be effective in restoring abnormally high synapse numbers as well as improving associative learning in FMRP mutant flies. Here, we demonstrate that phenothiazine FD44, an NCS-1/Ric8a inhibitor, has strong inhibition ability in situ and sufficient bioavailability in the mouse brain. More importantly, administration of FD44 to two different FXS mouse models restores well-known FXS phenotypes, such as hyperactivity, associative learning, aggressive behavior, stereotype, or impaired social approach. It has been suggested that dopamine (DA) may play a relevant role in the behavior and in neurodevelopmental disorders in general. We have measured DA and its metabolites in different brain regions, finding a higher metabolic rate in the limbic area, which is also restored with FD44 treatment. Therefore, in addition to confirming that the NCS-1/Ric8a complex is an excellent therapeutic target, we demonstrate the rescue effect of its inhibitor on the behavior of cognitive and autistic FXS mice and show DA metabolism as a FXS biochemical disease marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Cogram
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- FRAXA-DVI, FRAXA Research Foundation, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis C. Fernández-Beltrán
- Department of Neurobiology, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Casarejos
- Department of Neurobiology, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Sánchez-Yepes
- Department of Neurobiology, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eulalia Rodríguez-Martín
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso García-Rubia
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Gil
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Mansilla
- Department of Neurobiology, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biology Systems, Universidad de Alcala, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Disulfide Dimerization of Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1: Implications for Zinc and Redox Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212602. [PMID: 34830487 PMCID: PMC8623652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) is a four-EF-hand ubiquitous signaling protein modulating neuronal function and survival, which participates in neurodegeneration and carcinogenesis. NCS-1 recognizes specific sites on cellular membranes and regulates numerous targets, including G-protein coupled receptors and their kinases (GRKs). Here, with the use of cellular models and various biophysical and computational techniques, we demonstrate that NCS-1 is a redox-sensitive protein, which responds to oxidizing conditions by the formation of disulfide dimer (dNCS-1), involving its single, highly conservative cysteine C38. The dimer content is unaffected by the elevation of intracellular calcium levels but increases to 10–30% at high free zinc concentrations (characteristic of oxidative stress), which is accompanied by accumulation of the protein in punctual clusters in the perinuclear area. The formation of dNCS-1 represents a specific Zn2+-promoted process, requiring proper folding of the protein and occurring at redox potential values approaching apoptotic levels. The dimer binds Ca2+ only in one EF-hand per monomer, thereby representing a unique state, with decreased α-helicity and thermal stability, increased surface hydrophobicity, and markedly improved inhibitory activity against GRK1 due to 20-fold higher affinity towards the enzyme. Furthermore, dNCS-1 can coordinate zinc and, according to molecular modeling, has an asymmetrical structure and increased conformational flexibility of the subunits, which may underlie their enhanced target-binding properties. In HEK293 cells, dNCS-1 can be reduced by the thioredoxin system, otherwise accumulating as protein aggregates, which are degraded by the proteasome. Interestingly, NCS-1 silencing diminishes the susceptibility of Y79 cancer cells to oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, suggesting that NCS-1 may mediate redox-regulated pathways governing cell death/survival in response to oxidative conditions.
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7
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Fischer TT, Nguyen LD, Ehrlich BE. Neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1) dependent modulation of neuronal morphology and development. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21873. [PMID: 34499766 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100731r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+ ) signaling is critical for neuronal functioning and requires the concerted interplay of numerous Ca2+ -binding proteins, including neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1). Although an important role of NCS1 in neuronal processes and in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases has been established, the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. Here, we systematically investigated the functions of NCS1 in the brain. Using Golgi-Cox staining, we observed a reduction in dendritic complexity and spine density in the prefrontal cortex and the dorsal hippocampus of Ncs1-/- mice, which may underlie concomitantly observed deficits in memory acquisition. Subsequent RNA sequencing of Ncs1-/- and Ncs1+/+ mouse brain tissues revealed that NCS1 modulates gene expression related to neuronal morphology and development. Investigation of developmental databases further supported a molecular role of NCS1 during brain development by identifying temporal gene expression patterns. Collectively, this study provides insights into NCS1-dependent signaling and lays the foundation for a better understanding of NCS1-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom T Fischer
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lien D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Celluar and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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8
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Sánchez JC, Ehrlich BE. Functional Interaction between Transient Receptor Potential V4 Channel and Neuronal Calcium Sensor 1 and the Effects of Paclitaxel. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:258-270. [PMID: 34321341 PMCID: PMC8626786 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1), a calcium-binding protein, and transient receptor potential V4 (TRPV4), a plasma membrane calcium channel, are fundamental in the regulation of calcium homeostasis. The interactions of these proteins and their regulation by paclitaxel (PTX) were investigated using biochemical, pharmacological, and electrophysiological approaches in both a breast cancer epithelial cell model and a neuronal model. TRPV4 and NCS1 reciprocally immunoprecipitated each other, suggesting that they make up a signaling complex. The functional consequence of this physical association was that TRPV4 currents increased with increased NCS1 expression. Calcium fluxes through TRPV4 correlated with the magnitude of TRPV4 currents, and these calcium fluxes depended on NCS1 expression levels. Exposure to PTX amplified the acute effects of TRPV4 expression, currents, and calcium fluxes but decreased the expression of NCS1. These findings augment the understanding of the properties of TRPV4, the role of NCS1 in the regulation of TRPV4, and the cellular mechanisms of PTX-induced neuropathy. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: TRPV4 and NCS1 physically and functionally interact. Increased expression of NCS1 enhances TRPV4-dependent currents, which are further amplified by treatment with the chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel, an effect associated with adverse effects of chemotherapy, including neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio C Sánchez
- Laboratory of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia (J.C.S.), and Departments of Pharmacology and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (B.E.E.)
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Laboratory of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia (J.C.S.), and Departments of Pharmacology and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (B.E.E.)
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9
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Dos Santos RR, Bernardino TC, da Silva MCM, de Oliveira ACP, Drumond LE, Rosa DV, Massensini AR, Moraes MFD, Doretto MC, Romano-Silva MA, Reis HJ. Neurochemical abnormalities in the hippocampus of male rats displaying audiogenic seizures, a genetic model of epilepsy. Neurosci Lett 2021; 761:136123. [PMID: 34293418 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is a disorder characterized by recurrent seizures that affects 1% of the population. However, the neurochemical alterations observed in epilepsy are not fully understood. There are different animal models of epilepsy, such as genetic or drug induced. In the present study, we utilize Wistar Audiogenic Rats (WAR), a murine strain that develops seizures in response to high intensity audio stimulation, in order to investigate abnormalities in glutamatergic and GABAergic systems. METHODS Synaptosomes and glial plasmalemmal vesicles were prepared from hippocampus and cortex, respectively. Glutamate and GABA release and uptake were assayed by monitoring the fluorescence and using L-[3H]-radiolabeled compounds. Glutamate and calcium concentration in the synaptosomes were also measured. The expression of neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS-1) was determined by western blot. RESULTS Glutamate and GABA release evoked by KCl was decreased in WAR compared to control Wistar rats. Calcium independent release was not considerably different in both groups. The total amount of glutamate of synaptosomes, as well as glutamate uptake by synaptosomes and GPV were also decreased in WAR in comparison with the controls. In addition, [Ca2+]i of hippocampal synaptosomes, as well as NCS-1 expression in the hippocampus, were increased in WAR in comparison with controls. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results suggest that WAR have important alterations in the glutamatergic and GABAergic pathways, as well as an increased expression of NCS-1 in the hippocampus and inferior colliculus. These alterations may be linked to the spreading of hyperexcitability and recruitment of various brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av Alfredo Balena 190, CEP 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av Antonio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, CEP 30190-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Túlio C Bernardino
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av Antonio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, CEP 30190-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Machado da Silva
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av Antonio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, CEP 30190-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Antônio C P de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av Antonio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, CEP 30190-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana E Drumond
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Departamento de Biofísica e Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av Antonio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, CEP 30190-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniela V Rosa
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av Alfredo Balena 190, CEP 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - André R Massensini
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Departamento de Biofísica e Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av Antonio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, CEP 30190-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Márcio F D Moraes
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Departamento de Biofísica e Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av Antonio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, CEP 30190-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria C Doretto
- Núcleo de Neurociências, Departamento de Biofísica e Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av Antonio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, CEP 30190-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marco A Romano-Silva
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av Alfredo Balena 190, CEP 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Helton J Reis
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av Antonio Carlos 6627, Campus Pampulha, CEP 30190-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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10
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Pays E. The function of apolipoproteins L (APOLs): relevance for kidney disease, neurotransmission disorders, cancer and viral infection. FEBS J 2021; 288:360-381. [PMID: 32530132 PMCID: PMC7891394 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The discovery that apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) is the trypanolytic factor of human serum raised interest about the function of APOLs, especially following the unexpected finding that in addition to their protective action against sleeping sickness, APOL1 C-terminal variants also cause kidney disease. Based on the analysis of the structure and trypanolytic activity of APOL1, it was proposed that APOLs could function as ion channels of intracellular membranes and be involved in mechanisms triggering programmed cell death. In this review, the recent finding that APOL1 and APOL3 inversely control the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI(4)P) by the Golgi PI(4)-kinase IIIB (PI4KB) is commented. APOL3 promotes Ca2+ -dependent activation of PI4KB, but due to their increased interaction with APOL3, APOL1 C-terminal variants can inactivate APOL3, leading to reduction of Golgi PI(4)P synthesis. The impact of APOLs on several pathological processes that depend on Golgi PI(4)P levels is discussed. I propose that through their effect on PI4KB activity, APOLs control not only actomyosin activities related to vesicular trafficking, but also the generation and elongation of autophagosomes induced by inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Pays
- Laboratory of Molecular ParasitologyIBMMUniversité Libre de BruxellesGosseliesBelgium
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11
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Grosshans HK, Fischer TT, Steinle JA, Brill AL, Ehrlich BE. Neuronal Calcium Sensor 1 is up-regulated in response to stress to promote cell survival and motility in cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:1134-1151. [PMID: 32239615 PMCID: PMC7266285 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) signaling can modulate cellular machinery required for cancer progression. Neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1) is a ubiquitously expressed Ca2+‐binding protein that promotes tumor aggressiveness by enhancing cell survival and metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism by which NCS1 contributes to increased tumor aggressiveness has yet to be identified. In this study, we aimed to determine (a) whether NCS1 expression changes in response to external stimuli, (b) the importance of NCS1 for cell survival and migration, and (c) the cellular mechanism(s) through which NSC1 modulates these outcomes. We found that NCS1 abundance increases under conditions of stress, most prominently after stimulation with the pro‐inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α, in a manner dependent on nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB). We found that NFκB signaling is activated in human breast cancer tissue, which was accompanied by an increase in NCS1 mRNA expression. Further exploration into the relevance of NCS1 in breast cancer progression showed that knockout of NCS1 (NCS1 KO) caused decreased cell survival and motility, increased baseline intracellular Ca2+ levels, and decreased inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate‐mediated Ca2+ responses. Protein kinase B (Akt) activity was decreased in NCS1 KO cells, which could be rescued by buffering intracellular Ca2+. Conversely, Akt activity was increased in cells overexpressing NCS1 (NCS1 OE). We therefore conclude that NCS1 acts as cellular stress response protein up‐regulated by stress‐induced NFκB signaling and that NCS1 influences cell survival and motility through effects on Ca2+ signaling and Akt pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike K Grosshans
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tom T Fischer
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Julia A Steinle
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Allison L Brill
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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12
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Dörrbaum AR, Alvarez-Castelao B, Nassim-Assir B, Langer JD, Schuman EM. Proteome dynamics during homeostatic scaling in cultured neurons. eLife 2020; 9:e52939. [PMID: 32238265 PMCID: PMC7117909 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein turnover, the net result of protein synthesis and degradation, enables cells to remodel their proteomes in response to internal and external cues. Previously, we analyzed protein turnover rates in cultured brain cells under basal neuronal activity and found that protein turnover is influenced by subcellular localization, protein function, complex association, cell type of origin, and by the cellular environment (Dörrbaum et al., 2018). Here, we advanced our experimental approach to quantify changes in protein synthesis and degradation, as well as the resulting changes in protein turnover or abundance in rat primary hippocampal cultures during homeostatic scaling. Our data demonstrate that a large fraction of the neuronal proteome shows changes in protein synthesis and/or degradation during homeostatic up- and down-scaling. More than half of the quantified synaptic proteins were regulated, including pre- as well as postsynaptic proteins with diverse molecular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ricarda Dörrbaum
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt, Germany
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | - Julian D Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Erin M Schuman
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt, Germany
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13
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14
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Baksheeva VE, Nemashkalova EL, Firsov AM, Zalevsky AO, Vladimirov VI, Tikhomirova NK, Philippov PP, Zamyatnin AA, Zinchenko DV, Antonenko YN, Permyakov SE, Zernii EY. Membrane Binding of Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1: Highly Specific Interaction with Phosphatidylinositol-3-Phosphate. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020164. [PMID: 31973069 PMCID: PMC7072451 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensors are a family of N-terminally myristoylated membrane-binding proteins possessing a different intracellular localization and thereby targeting unique signaling partner(s). Apart from the myristoyl group, the membrane attachment of these proteins may be modulated by their N-terminal positively charged residues responsible for specific recognition of the membrane components. Here, we examined the interaction of neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) with natural membranes of different lipid composition as well as individual phospholipids in form of multilamellar liposomes or immobilized monolayers and characterized the role of myristoyl group and N-terminal lysine residues in membrane binding and phospholipid preference of the protein. NCS-1 binds to photoreceptor and hippocampal membranes in a Ca2+-independent manner and the binding is attenuated in the absence of myristoyl group. Meanwhile, the interaction with photoreceptor membranes is less dependent on myristoylation and more sensitive to replacement of K3, K7, and/or K9 of NCS-1 by glutamic acid, reflecting affinity of the protein to negatively charged phospholipids. Consistently, among the major phospholipids, NCS-1 preferentially interacts with phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol with micromolar affinity and the interaction with the former is inhibited upon mutating of N-terminal lysines of the protein. Remarkably, NCS-1 demonstrates pronounced specific binding to phosphoinositides with high preference for phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate. The binding does not depend on myristoylation and, unexpectedly, is not sensitive to the charge inversion mutations. Instead, phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate can be recognized by a specific site located in the N-terminal region of the protein. These data provide important novel insights into the general mechanism of membrane binding of NCS-1 and its targeting to specific phospholipids ensuring involvement of the protein in phosphoinositide-regulated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriia E. Baksheeva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
| | - Ekaterina L. Nemashkalova
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia; (E.L.N.); (S.E.P.)
| | - Alexander M. Firsov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
| | - Arthur O. Zalevsky
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily I. Vladimirov
- Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Pushchino, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia; (V.I.V.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Natalia K. Tikhomirova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
| | - Pavel P. Philippov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Zinchenko
- Branch of Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Pushchino, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia; (V.I.V.); (D.V.Z.)
| | - Yuri N. Antonenko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
| | - Sergey E. Permyakov
- Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290 Moscow Region, Russia; (E.L.N.); (S.E.P.)
| | - Evgeni Yu. Zernii
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia; (V.E.B.); (A.M.F.); (N.K.T.); (P.P.P.); (Y.N.A.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-495-939-2344
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15
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Lewis V, Laberge F, Heyland A. Temporal Profile of Brain Gene Expression After Prey Catching Conditioning in an Anuran Amphibian. Front Neurosci 2020; 13:1407. [PMID: 31992968 PMCID: PMC6971186 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A key goal in modern neurobiology is to understand the mechanisms underlying learning and memory. To that end, it is essential to identify the patterns of gene expression and the temporal sequence of molecular events associated with learning and memory processes. It is also important to ascertain if and how these molecular events vary between organisms. In vertebrates, learning and memory processes are characterized by distinct phases of molecular activity involving gene transcription, structural change, and long-term maintenance of such structural change in the nervous system. Utilizing next generation sequencing techniques, we profiled the temporal expression patterns of genes in the brain of the fire-bellied toad Bombina orientalis after prey catching conditioning. The fire-bellied toad is a basal tetrapod whose neural architecture and molecular pathways may help us understand the ancestral state of learning and memory mechanisms in tetrapods. Differential gene expression following conditioning revealed activity in molecular pathways related to immediate early genes (IEG), cytoskeletal modification, axon guidance activity, and apoptotic processes. Conditioning induced early IEG activity coinciding with transcriptional activity and neuron structural modification, followed by axon guidance and cell adhesion activity, and late neuronal pruning. While some of these gene expression patterns are similar to those found in mammals submitted to conditioning, some interesting divergent expression profiles were seen, and differential expression of some well-known learning-related mammalian genes is missing altogether. These results highlight the importance of using a comparative approach in the study of the mechanisms of leaning and memory and provide molecular resources for a novel vertebrate model in the relatively poorly studied Amphibia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vern Lewis
- Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Andreas Heyland
- Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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16
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Ng E, Georgiou J, Avila A, Trought K, Mun HS, Hodgson M, Servinis P, Roder JC, Collingridge GL, Wong AHC. Mice lacking neuronal calcium sensor-1 show social and cognitive deficits. Behav Brain Res 2019; 381:112420. [PMID: 31821787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor-1 or Frequenin is a calcium sensor widely expressed in the nervous system, with roles in neurotransmission, neurite outgrowth, synaptic plasticity, learning, and motivated behaviours. Neuronal calcium sensor-1 has been implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders including autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. However, the role of neuronal calcium sensor-1 in behavioural phenotypes and brain changes relevant to autism spectrum disorder have not been evaluated. We show that neuronal calcium sensor-1 deletion in the mouse leads to a mild deficit in social approach and impaired displaced object recognition without affecting social interactions, behavioural flexibility, spatial reference memory, anxiety-like behaviour, or sensorimotor gating. Morphologically, neuronal calcium sensor-1 deletion leads to increased dendritic arbour complexity in the frontal cortex. At the level of hippocampal synaptic plasticity, neuronal calcium sensor-1 deletion leads to a reduction in long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus, but not area Cornu Ammonis 1. Metabotropic glutamate receptor-induced long-term depression was unaffected in both dentate and Cornu Ammonis 1. These studies identify roles for neuronal calcium sensor-1 in specific subregions of the brain including a phenotype relevant to neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoch Ng
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - John Georgiou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Ariel Avila
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada; Basic Science Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción (UCSC), Concepción, 4090541, Chile
| | - Kathleen Trought
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ho-Suk Mun
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Meggie Hodgson
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Panayiotis Servinis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - John C Roder
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada; Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Albert H C Wong
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada.
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17
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Simons C, Benkert J, Deuter N, Poetschke C, Pongs O, Schneider T, Duda J, Liss B. NCS-1 Deficiency Affects mRNA Levels of Genes Involved in Regulation of ATP Synthesis and Mitochondrial Stress in Highly Vulnerable Substantia nigra Dopaminergic Neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:252. [PMID: 31827421 PMCID: PMC6890851 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal Ca2+ sensor proteins (NCS) transduce changes in Ca2+ homeostasis into altered signaling and neuronal function. NCS-1 activity has emerged as important for neuronal viability and pathophysiology. The progressive degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons, particularly within the Substantia nigra (SN), is the hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD), causing its motor symptoms. The activity-related Ca2+ homeostasis of SN DA neurons, mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic stress promote neurodegeneration and PD. In contrast, NCS-1 in general has neuroprotective effects. The underlying mechanisms are unclear. We analyzed transcriptional changes in SN DA neurons upon NCS-1 loss by combining UV-laser microdissection and RT-qPCR-approaches to compare expression levels of a panel of PD and/or Ca2+-stress related genes from wildtype and NCS-1 KO mice. In NCS-1 KO, we detected significantly lower mRNA levels of mitochondrially coded ND1, a subunit of the respiratory chain, and of the neuron-specific enolase ENO2, a glycolytic enzyme. We also detected lower levels of the mitochondrial uncoupling proteins UCP4 and UCP5, the PARK7 gene product DJ-1, and the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel Cav2.3 in SN DA neurons from NCS-1 KO. Transcripts of other analyzed uncoupling proteins (UCPs), mitochondrial Ca2+ transporters, PARK genes, and ion channels were not altered. As Cav channels are linked to regulation of gene expression, metabolic stress and degeneration of SN DA neurons in PD, we analyzed Cav2.3 KO mice, to address if the transcriptional changes in NCS-1 KO were also present in Cav.2.3 KO, and thus probably correlated with lower Cav2.3 transcripts. However, in SN DA neurons from Cav2.3 KO mice, ND1 mRNA as well as genomic DNA levels were elevated, while ENO2, UCP4, UCP5, and DJ-1 transcript levels were not altered. In conclusion, our data indicate a possible novel function of NCS-1 in regulating gene transcription or stabilization of mRNAs in SN DA neurons. Although we do not provide functional data, our findings at the transcript level could point to impaired ATP production (lower ND1 and ENO2) and elevated metabolic stress (lower UCP4, UCP5, and DJ-1 levels) in SN DA neurons from NCS-1 KO mice. We speculate that NCS-1 is involved in stimulating ATP synthesis, while at the same time controlling mitochondrial metabolic stress, and in this way could protect SN DA neurons from degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Simons
- Institute of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Julia Benkert
- Institute of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nora Deuter
- Institute of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Olaf Pongs
- Institute of Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of the Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Toni Schneider
- Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johanna Duda
- Institute of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Birgit Liss
- Institute of Applied Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,New College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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18
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Bong AHL, Robitaille M, Milevskiy MJG, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. NCS-1 expression is higher in basal breast cancers and regulates calcium influx and cytotoxic responses to doxorubicin. Mol Oncol 2019; 14:87-104. [PMID: 31647602 PMCID: PMC6944103 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor‐1 (NCS‐1) is a positive modulator of IP3 receptors and was recently associated with poorer survival in breast cancers. However, the association between NCS‐1 and breast cancer molecular subtypes and the effects of NCS‐1 silencing on calcium (Ca2+) signaling in breast cancer cells remain unexplored. Herein, we report for the first time an increased expression of NCS‐1 in breast cancers of the basal molecular subtype, a subtype associated with poor prognosis. Using MDA‐MB‐231 basal breast cancer cells expressing the GCaMP6m Ca2+ indicator, we showed that NCS‐1 silencing did not result in major changes in cytosolic free Ca2+ increases as a result of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ store mobilization. However, NCS‐1 silencing suppressed unstimulated basal Ca2+ influx. NCS‐1 silencing in MDA‐MB‐231 cells also promoted necrotic cell death induced by the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (1 µm). The effect of NCS‐1 silencing on cell death was phenocopied by silencing of ORAI1, a Ca2+ store‐operated Ca2+ channel that maintains Ca2+ levels in the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ store and whose expression was significantly positively correlated with NCS‐1 in clinical breast cancer samples. This newly identified association between NCS‐1 and basal breast cancers, together with the identification of the role of NCS‐1 in the regulation of the effects of doxorubicin in MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells, suggests that NCS‐1 and/or pathways regulated by NCS‐1 may be important in the treatment of basal breast cancers in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice H L Bong
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Mélanie Robitaille
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Michael J G Milevskiy
- ACRF Stem Cells and Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | | | - Gregory R Monteith
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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19
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Burgoyne RD, Helassa N, McCue HV, Haynes LP. Calcium Sensors in Neuronal Function and Dysfunction. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a035154. [PMID: 30833454 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Calcium signaling in neurons as in other cell types can lead to varied changes in cellular function. Neuronal Ca2+ signaling processes have also become adapted to modulate the function of specific pathways over a wide variety of time domains and these can have effects on, for example, axon outgrowth, neuronal survival, and changes in synaptic strength. Ca2+ also plays a key role in synapses as the trigger for fast neurotransmitter release. Given its physiological importance, abnormalities in neuronal Ca2+ signaling potentially underlie many different neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanisms by which changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration in neurons can bring about diverse responses is underpinned by the roles of ubiquitous or specialized neuronal Ca2+ sensors. It has been established that synaptotagmins have key functions in neurotransmitter release, and, in addition to calmodulin, other families of EF-hand-containing neuronal Ca2+ sensors, including the neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) and the calcium-binding protein (CaBP) families, play important physiological roles in neuronal Ca2+ signaling. It has become increasingly apparent that these various Ca2+ sensors may also be crucial for aspects of neuronal dysfunction and disease either indirectly or directly as a direct consequence of genetic variation or mutations. An understanding of the molecular basis for the regulation of the targets of the Ca2+ sensors and the physiological roles of each protein in identified neurons may contribute to future approaches to the development of treatments for a variety of human neuronal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Burgoyne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Nordine Helassa
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah V McCue
- Centre for Genomic Research, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lee P Haynes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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20
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Bandura J, Feng ZP. Current Understanding of the Role of Neuronal Calcium Sensor 1 in Neurological Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6080-6094. [PMID: 30719643 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS-1) is a high-affinity calcium-binding protein and its ubiquitous expression in the nervous system implies a wide range of functions. To date, it has been implicated in regulation of calcium channels in both axonal growth cones and presynaptic terminals, pre- and postsynaptic plasticity mechanisms, learning and memory behaviors, dopaminergic signaling, and axonal regeneration. This review summarizes these functions and relates them to several diseases in which NCS-1 plays a role, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, X-linked mental retardation and fragile X syndrome, and spinal cord injury. Many questions remain unanswered about the role of NCS-1 in these diseases, particularly as the genetic factors that control NCS-1 expression in both normal and diseased states are still poorly understood. The review further identifies the therapeutic potential of manipulating the interaction of NCS-1 with its many targets and suggests directions for future research on the role of NCS-1 in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bandura
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 MSB, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 MSB, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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21
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Apasu JE, Schuette D, LaRanger R, Steinle JA, Nguyen LD, Grosshans HK, Zhang M, Cai WL, Yan Q, Robert ME, Mak M, Ehrlich BE. Neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1) promotes motility and metastatic spread of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. FASEB J 2018; 33:4802-4813. [PMID: 30592625 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802004r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Increased levels of the calcium-binding protein neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1) predict an unfavorable patient outcome in several aggressive cancers, including breast and liver tumors. Previous studies suggest that NCS1 overexpression facilitates metastatic spread of these cancers. To investigate this hypothesis, we explored the effects of NCS1 overexpression on cell proliferation, survival, and migration patterns in vitro in 2- and 3-dimensional (2/3-D). Furthermore, we translated our results into an in vivo mouse xenograft model. Cell-based proliferation assays were used to demonstrate the effects of overexpression of NCS1 on growth rates. In vitro colony formation and wound healing experiments were performed and 3-D migration dynamics were studied using collagen gels. Nude mice were injected with breast cancer cells to monitor NCS1-dependent metastasis formation over time. We observed that increased NCS1 levels do not change cellular growth rates, but do significantly increase 2- and 3-D migration dynamics in vitro. Likewise, NCS1-overexpressing cells have an increased capacity to form distant metastases and demonstrate better survival and less necrosis in vivo. We found that NCS1 preferentially localizes to the leading edge of cells and overexpression increases the motility of cancer cells. Furthermore, this phenotype is correlated with an increased number of metastases in a xenograft model. These results lay the foundation for exploring the relevance of an NCS1-mediated pathway as a metastatic biomarker and as a target for pharmacologic interventions.-Apasu, J. E., Schuette, D., LaRanger, R., Steinle, J. A., Nguyen, L. D., Grosshans, H. K., Zhang, M., Cai, W. L., Yan, Q., Robert, M. E., Mak, M., Ehrlich, B. E. Neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS1) promotes motility and metastatic spread of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E Apasu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Daniel Schuette
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ryan LaRanger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; and
| | - Julia A Steinle
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lien D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Meiling Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wesley L Cai
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Qin Yan
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Marie E Robert
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael Mak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; and
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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22
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Zang J, Neuhauss SCF. The Binding Properties and Physiological Functions of Recoverin. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:473. [PMID: 30618620 PMCID: PMC6306944 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recoverin (Rcv) is a low molecular-weight, neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) primarily located in photoreceptor outer segments of the vertebrate retina. Calcium ions (Ca2+)-bound Rcv has been proposed to inhibit G-protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRKs) in darkness. During the light response, the Ca2+-free Rcv releases GRK, which in turn phosphorylates visual pigment, ultimately leading to the cessation of the visual transduction cascade. Technological advances over the last decade have contributed significantly to a deeper understanding of Rcv function. These include both biophysical and biochemical approaches that will be discussed in this review article. Furthermore, electrophysiological experiments uncovered additional functions of Rcv, such as regulation of the lifetime of Phosphodiesterase-Transducin complex. Recently, attention has been drawn to different roles in rod and cone photoreceptors.This review article focuses on Rcv binding properties to Ca2+, disc membrane and GRK, and its physiological functions in phototransduction and signal transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zang
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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23
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Choudhary D, Kragelund BB, Heidarsson PO, Cecconi C. The Complex Conformational Dynamics of Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1: A Single Molecule Perspective. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:468. [PMID: 30618617 PMCID: PMC6304440 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The human neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) is a multispecific two-domain EF-hand protein expressed predominantly in neurons and is a member of the NCS protein family. Structure-function relationships of NCS-1 have been extensively studied showing that conformational dynamics linked to diverse ion-binding is important to its function. NCS-1 transduces Ca2+ changes in neurons and is linked to a wide range of neuronal functions such as regulation of neurotransmitter release, voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and neuronal outgrowth. Defective NCS-1 can be deleterious to cells and has been linked to serious neuronal disorders like autism. Here, we review recent studies describing at the single molecule level the structural and mechanistic details of the folding and misfolding processes of the non-myristoylated NCS-1. By manipulating one molecule at a time with optical tweezers, the conformational equilibria of the Ca2+-bound, Mg2+-bound and apo states of NCS-1 were investigated revealing a complex folding mechanism underlain by a rugged and multidimensional energy landscape. The molecular rearrangements that NCS-1 undergoes to transit from one conformation to another and the energetics of these reactions are tightly regulated by the binding of divalent ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+) to its EF-hands. At pathologically high Ca2+ concentrations the protein sometimes follows non-productive misfolding pathways leading to kinetically trapped and potentially harmful misfolded conformations. We discuss the significance of these misfolding events as well as the role of inter-domain interactions in shaping the energy landscape and ultimately the biological function of NCS-1. The conformational equilibria of NCS-1 are also compared to those of calmodulin (CaM) and differences and similarities in the behavior of these proteins are rationalized in terms of structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhawal Choudhary
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Center S3, CNR Institute Nanoscience, Modena, Italy
| | - Birthe B Kragelund
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ciro Cecconi
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Center S3, CNR Institute Nanoscience, Modena, Italy
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24
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Ames JB. Dimerization of Neuronal Calcium Sensor Proteins. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:397. [PMID: 30450035 PMCID: PMC6224351 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) proteins are EF-hand containing Ca2+ binding proteins that regulate sensory signal transduction. Many NCS proteins (recoverin, GCAPs, neurocalcin and visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP1)) form functional dimers under physiological conditions. The dimeric NCS proteins have similar amino acid sequences (50% homology) but each bind to and regulate very different physiological targets. Retinal recoverin binds to rhodopsin kinase and promotes Ca2+-dependent desensitization of light-excited rhodopsin during visual phototransduction. The guanylyl cyclase activating proteins (GCAP1–5) each bind and activate retinal guanylyl cyclases (RetGCs) in light-adapted photoreceptors. VILIP1 binds to membrane targets that modulate neuronal secretion. Here, I review atomic-level structures of dimeric forms of recoverin, GCAPs and VILIP1. The distinct dimeric structures in each case suggest that NCS dimerization may play a role in modulating specific target recognition. The dimerization of recoverin and VILIP1 is Ca2+-dependent and enhances their membrane-targeting Ca2+-myristoyl switch function. The dimerization of GCAP1 and GCAP2 facilitate their binding to dimeric RetGCs and may allosterically control the Ca2+-dependent activation of RetGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B Ames
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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25
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Schuette D, Moore LM, Robert ME, Taddei TH, Ehrlich BE. Hepatocellular Carcinoma Outcome Is Predicted by Expression of Neuronal Calcium Sensor 1. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 27:1091-1100. [PMID: 29789326 PMCID: PMC8465775 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. There is an urgent demand for prognostic biomarkers that facilitate early tumor detection, as the incidence of HCC has tripled in the United States in the last three decades. Biomarkers to identify populations at risk would have significant impact on survival. We recently found that expression of Neuronal Calcium Sensor 1 (NCS1), a Ca2+-dependent signaling molecule, predicted disease outcome in breast cancer, but its predictive value in other cancer types is unknown. This protein is potentially useful because increased NCS1 regulates Ca2+ signaling and increased Ca2+ signaling is a hallmark of metastatic cancers, conferring cellular motility and an increasingly aggressive phenotype to tumors.Methods: We explored the relationship between NCS1 expression levels and patient survival in two publicly available liver cancer cohorts and a tumor microarray using data mining strategies.Results: High NCS1 expression levels are significantly associated with worse disease outcome in Asian patients within these cohorts. In addition, a variety of Ca2+-dependent and tumor growth-promoting genes are transcriptionally coregulated with NCS1 and many of them are involved in cytoskeleton organization, suggesting that NCS1 induced dysregulated Ca2+ signaling facilitates cellular motility and metastasis.Conclusions: We found NCS1 to be a novel biomarker in HCC. Furthermore, our study identified a pharmacologically targetable signaling complex that can influence tumor progression in HCC.Impact: These results lay the foundation for using NCS1 as a prognostic biomarker in prospective cohorts of HCC patients and for further functional assessment of the characterized signaling axis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(9); 1091-100. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schuette
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lauren M Moore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Marie E Robert
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tamar H Taddei
- Department of Medicine (Digestive Diseases), Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
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26
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Grillo MA, Grillo SL, Gerdes BC, Kraus JG, Koulen P. Control of Neuronal Ryanodine Receptor-Mediated Calcium Signaling by Calsenilin. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:525-534. [PMID: 29730765 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Calsenilin is a calcium ion (Ca2+)-binding protein involved in regulating the intracellular concentration of Ca2+, a second messenger that controls multiple cellular signaling pathways. The ryanodine receptor (RyR) amplifies Ca2+ signals entering the cytoplasm by releasing Ca2+ from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores, a process termed calcium-induced calcium release (CICR). Here, we describe a novel mechanism, in which calsenilin controls the activity of neuronal RyRs. We show calsenilin co-localized with RyR2 and 3 in the ER of mouse hippocampal and cortical neurons using immunocytochemistry. The underlying protein-protein interaction between calsenilin and the RyR was determined in mouse central nervous system (CNS) neurons using immunoprecipitation studies. The functional relevance of this interaction was assayed with single-channel electrophysiology. At low physiological Ca2+ concentrations, calsenilin binding to the cytoplasmic face of neuronal RyRs decreased the RyR's open probability, while calsenilin increased the open probability at high physiological Ca2+ concentrations. This novel molecular mechanism was studied further at the cellular level, where faster release kinetics of caffeine-induced Ca2+ release were measured in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells overexpressing calsenilin. The interaction between calsenilin and neuronal RyRs reveals a new regulatory mechanism and possibly a novel pharmacological target for the control of Ca2+ release from intracellular stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Grillo
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Stephanie L Grillo
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Bryan C Gerdes
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Jacob G Kraus
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Peter Koulen
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA.
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27
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Moore LM, England A, Ehrlich BE, Rimm DL. Calcium Sensor, NCS-1, Promotes Tumor Aggressiveness and Predicts Patient Survival. Mol Cancer Res 2017; 15:942-952. [PMID: 28275088 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal Calcium Sensor 1 (NCS-1) is a multi-functional Ca2+-binding protein that affects a range of cellular processes beyond those related to neurons. Functional characterization of NCS-1 in neuronal model systems suggests that NCS-1 may influence oncogenic processes. To this end, the biological role of NCS-1 was investigated by altering its endogenous expression in MCF-7 and MB-231 breast cancer cells. Overexpression of NCS-1 resulted in a more aggressive tumor phenotype demonstrated by a marked increase in invasion and motility, and a decrease in cell-matrix adhesion to collagen IV. Overexpression of NCS-1 was also shown to increase the efficacy of paclitaxel-induced cell death in a manner that was independent of cellular proliferation. To determine the association between NCS-1 and clinical outcome, NCS-1 expression was measured in two independent breast cancer cohorts by the Automated Quantitative Analysis method of quantitative immunofluorescence. Elevated levels of NCS-1 were significantly correlated with shorter survival rates. Furthermore, multivariate analysis demonstrated that NCS-1 status was prognostic, independent of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2, and lymph node status. These findings indicate that NCS-1 plays a role in the aggressive behavior of a subset of breast cancers and has therapeutic or biomarker potential.Implications: NCS-1, a calcium-binding protein, is associated with clinicopathologic features of aggressiveness in breast cancer cells and worse outcome in two breast cancer patient cohorts. Mol Cancer Res; 15(7); 942-52. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Moore
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Allison England
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
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28
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Gong Y, Zhu Y, Zou Y, Ma B, Nussinov R, Zhang Q. Human Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 Protein Avoids Histidine Residues To Decrease pH Sensitivity. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:508-517. [PMID: 28030949 PMCID: PMC6413881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b11094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
pH is highly regulated in mammalian central nervous systems. Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) can interact with numerous target proteins. Compared to that in the NCS-1 protein of Caenorhabditis elegans, evolution has avoided the placement of histidine residues at positions 102 and 83 in the NCS-1 protein of humans and Xenopus laevis, possibly to decrease the conformational sensitivity to pH gradients in synaptic processes. We used all-atom molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the effects of amino acid substitutions between species on human NCS-1 by substituting Arg102 and Ser83 for histidine at neutral (R102H and S83H) and acidic pHs (R102Hp and S83Hp). Our cumulative 5 μs simulations revealed that the R102H mutation slightly increases the structural flexibility of loop L2 and the R102Hp mutation decreases protein stability. Community network analysis illustrates that the R102H and S83H mutations weaken the interdomain and strengthen the intradomain communications. Secondary structure contents in the S83H and S83Hp mutants are similar to those in the wild type, whereas the global structural stabilities and salt-bridge probabilities decrease. This study highlights the conformational dynamics effects of the R102H and S83H mutations on the local structural flexibility and global stability of NCS-1, whereas protonated histidine decreases the stability of NCS-1. Thus, histidines at positions 102 and 83 may not be compatible with the function of NCS-1 whether in the neutral or protonated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehong Gong
- College of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhu
- Shanghai Normal University Physical Education College, 100 Gui Lin Road, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yu Zou
- College of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Buyong Ma
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sackler Inst. of Molecular Medicine, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- College of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
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29
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Wang B, Boeckel GR, Huynh L, Nguyen L, Cao W, De La Cruz EM, Kaftan EJ, Ehrlich BE. Neuronal Calcium Sensor 1 Has Two Variants with Distinct Calcium Binding Characteristics. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161414. [PMID: 27575489 PMCID: PMC5004852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1 Var1) is a calcium-binding protein expressed in most tissues. We examined a poorly characterized variant of NCS-1 (Var2), identified only in humans where the N-terminal 22 amino acid residues of native NCS-1(MGKSNSKLKPEVVEELTRKTY) were replaced with 4 different residues (MATI). Because alterations in the level of expression of NCS-1 Var1 and the expression of NCS-1 variants have been correlated with several neurological diseases, the relative expression and functional role of NCS-1 Var2 was examined. We found that NCS-1 Var2 mRNA levels are not found in mouse tissues and are expressed at levels ~1000-fold lower than NCS-1 Var1 in three different human cell lines (SHSY5Y, HEK293, MB231). Protein expression of both variants was only identified in cell lines overexpressing exogenous NCS-1 Var2. The calcium binding affinity is ~100 times weaker in purified NCS-1 Var2 than NCS-1 Var1. Because truncation of NCS-1 Var1 has been linked to functional changes in neurons, we determined whether the differing properties of the NCS-1 variants could potentially contribute to the altered cell function. In contrast to previous reports showing that overexpression of NCS-1 Var1 increases calcium-dependent processes, functional differences in cells overexpressing NCS-1 Var2 were undetectable in assays for cell growth, cell death and drug (paclitaxel) potency. Our results suggest that NCS-1 Var1 is the primary functional version of NCS-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baisheng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Göran R. Boeckel
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Larry Huynh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Lien Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Wenxiang Cao
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Enrique M. De La Cruz
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Edward J. Kaftan
- Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Barbara E. Ehrlich
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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30
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Todd PAC, McCue HV, Haynes LP, Barclay JW, Burgoyne RD. Interaction of ARF-1.1 and neuronal calcium sensor-1 in the control of the temperature-dependency of locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30023. [PMID: 27435667 PMCID: PMC4951722 DOI: 10.1038/srep30023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) mediates changes in cellular function by regulating various target proteins. Many potential targets have been identified but the physiological significance of only a few has been established. Upon temperature elevation, Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits reversible paralysis. In the absence of NCS-1, worms show delayed onset and a shorter duration of paralysis. This phenotype can be rescued by re-expression of ncs-1 in AIY neurons. Mutants with defects in four potential NCS-1 targets (arf-1.1, pifk-1, trp-1 and trp-2) showed qualitatively similar phenotypes to ncs-1 null worms, although the effect of pifk-1 mutation on time to paralysis was considerably delayed. Inhibition of pifk-1 also resulted in a locomotion phenotype. Analysis of double mutants showed no additive effects between mutations in ncs-1 and trp-1 or trp-2. In contrast, double mutants of arf-1.1 and ncs-1 had an intermediate phenotype, consistent with NCS-1 and ARF-1.1 acting in the same pathway. Over-expression of arf-1.1 in the AIY neurons was sufficient to rescue partially the phenotype of both the arf-1.1 and the ncs-1 null worms. These findings suggest that ARF-1.1 interacts with NCS-1 in AIY neurons and potentially pifk-1 in the Ca(2+) signaling pathway that leads to inhibited locomotion at an elevated temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. C. Todd
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Physiological Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah V. McCue
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Physiological Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Lee P. Haynes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Physiological Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff W. Barclay
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Physiological Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Robert D. Burgoyne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Physiological Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
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31
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Groblewska M, Muszyński P, Wojtulewska-Supron A, Kulczyńska-Przybik A, Mroczko B. The Role of Visinin-Like Protein-1 in the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 47:17-32. [PMID: 26402751 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Calcium ions are crucial in the process of information transmission and integration in the central nervous system (CNS). These ions participate not only in intracellular mechanisms but also in intercellular processes. The changes in the concentration of Ca2 + ions modulate synaptic transmission, whereas neuronal activity induces calcium ion waves. Disturbed calcium homeostasis is thought to be one of the main features in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and AD pathogenesis is closely connected to Ca2 + signaling pathways. The effects of changes in neuronal Ca2 + are mediated by neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) proteins. It has been revealed that NCS proteins, with special attention to visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP-1), might have a connection to the etiology of AD. In the CNS, VILIP-1 influences the intracellular neuronal signaling pathways involved in synaptic plasticity, such as cyclic nucleotide cascades and nicotinergic signaling. This particular protein is implicated in calcium-mediated neuronal injury as well. VILIP-1 also participates in the pathological mechanisms of altered Ca2 + homeostasis, leading to neuronal loss. These findings confirm the utility of VILIP-1 as a useful biomarker of neuronal injury. Moreover, VILIP-1 plays a vital role in linking calcium-mediated neurotoxicity and AD-type pathological changes. The disruption of Ca2 + homeostasis caused by AD-type neurodegeneration may result in the damage of VILIP-1-containing neurons in the brain, leading to increased cerebrospinal fluid levels of VILIP-1. Thus, the aim of this overview is to describe the relationships of the NCS protein VILIP-1 with the pathogenetic factors of AD and neurodegenerative processes, as well as its potential clinical usefulness as a biomarker of AD. Moreover, we describe the current and probable therapeutic strategies for AD, targeting calcium-signaling pathways and VILIP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paweł Muszyński
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
| | | | | | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital in Białystok, Poland.,Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
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32
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Zhu Y, Ma B, Nussinov R, Zhang Q. Temperature-Dependent Conformational Properties of Human Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 Protein Revealed by All-Atom Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:3551-9. [PMID: 27007011 PMCID: PMC6415918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b12299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) protein has orthologues from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to human with highly conserved amino acid sequences. NCS-1 is an important factor controlling the animal's response to temperature change. This leads us to investigate the temperature effects on the conformational dynamics of human NCS-1 at 310 and 316 K by all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and dynamic community network analysis. Four independent 500 ns MD simulations show that secondary structure content at 316 K is similar to that at 310 K, whereas the global protein structure is expanded. Loop 3 (L3) adopts an extended state occuping the hydrophobic crevice, and the number of suboptimal communication paths between residue D176 and V190 is reduced at 316 K. The dynamic community network analysis suggests that the interdomain correlation is weakened, and the intradomain coupling is strengthened at 316 K. The elevated temperature reduces the number of the salt bridges, especially in C-domain. This study suggests that the elevated temperature affects the conformational dynamics of human NCS-1 protein. Comparison of the structural dynamics of R102Q mutant and Δ176-190 truncated NCS-1 suggests that the structural and dynamical response of NCS-1 protein to elevated temperature may be one of its intrinsic functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Zhu
- College of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Buyong Ma
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
- Sackler Inst. of Molecular Medicine Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- College of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
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Naqvi MM, Heidarsson PO, Otazo MR, Mossa A, Kragelund BB, Cecconi C. Single-molecule folding mechanisms of the apo- and Mg(2+)-bound states of human neuronal calcium sensor-1. Biophys J 2016; 109:113-23. [PMID: 26153708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) is the primordial member of a family of proteins responsible primarily for sensing changes in neuronal Ca(2+) concentration. NCS-1 is a multispecific protein interacting with a number of binding partners in both calcium-dependent and independent manners, and acting in a variety of cellular processes in which it has been linked to a number of disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Despite extensive studies on the Ca(2+)-activated state of NCS proteins, little is known about the conformational dynamics of the Mg(2+)-bound and apo states, both of which are populated, at least transiently, at resting Ca(2+) conditions. Here, we used optical tweezers to study the folding behavior of individual NCS-1 molecules in the presence of Mg(2+) and in the absence of divalent ions. Under tension, the Mg(2+)-bound state of NCS-1 unfolds and refolds in a three-state process by populating one intermediate state consisting of a folded C-domain and an unfolded N-domain. The interconversion at equilibrium between the different molecular states populated by NCS-1 was monitored in real time through constant-force measurements and the energy landscapes underlying the observed transitions were reconstructed through hidden Markov model analysis. Unlike what has been observed with the Ca(2+)-bound state, the presence of Mg(2+) allows both the N- and C-domain to fold through all-or-none transitions with similar refolding rates. In the absence of divalent ions, NCS-1 unfolds and refolds reversibly in a two-state reaction involving only the C-domain, whereas the N-domain has no detectable transitions. Overall, the results allowed us to trace the progression of NCS-1 folding along its energy landscapes and provided a solid platform for understanding the conformational dynamics of similar EF-hand proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin M Naqvi
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; CNR Institute of Nanoscience S3, Modena, Italy
| | - Pétur O Heidarsson
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Mariela R Otazo
- CNR Institute of Nanoscience S3, Modena, Italy; Department of Physics, Center of Applied Technologies and Nuclear Development (CEADEN), Miramar, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Alessandro Mossa
- Department of Physics, University of Bari and INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Birthe B Kragelund
- Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Ciro Cecconi
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; CNR Institute of Nanoscience S3, Modena, Italy.
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Lee SR, Adams PJ, Yue DT. Large Ca²⁺-dependent facilitation of Ca(V)2.1 channels revealed by Ca²⁺ photo-uncaging. J Physiol 2016; 593:2753-78. [PMID: 25809476 DOI: 10.1113/jp270091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS CaV 2.1 channels constitute a dominant Ca(2+) entry pathway into brain neurons, triggering downstream Ca(2+) -dependent processes such as neurotransmitter release. CaV 2.1 is itself modulated by Ca(2+) , resulting in activity-dependent enhancement of channel opening termed Ca(2+) -dependent facilitation (CDF). Real-time Ca(2+) imaging and Ca(2+) uncaging here reveal that CDF turns out to be strikingly faster, more Ca(2+) sensitive, and larger than anticipated on previous grounds. Robust resolution of the quantitative profile of CDF enables deduction of a realistic biophysical model for this process. These results suggest that CaV 2.1 CDF would figure most prominently in short-term synaptic plasticity and cerebellar Purkinje cell rhythmicity. ABSTRACT CaV 2.1 (P-type) voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels constitute a major source of neuronal Ca(2+) current, strongly influencing rhythmicity and triggering neurotransmitter release throughout the central nervous system. Fitting with such stature among Ca(2+) entry pathways, CaV 2.1 is itself feedback regulated by intracellular Ca(2+) , acting through calmodulin to facilitate channel opening. The precise neurophysiological role of this calcium-dependent facilitation (CDF) remains uncertain, however, in large measure because the very magnitude, Ca(2+) dependence and kinetics of CDF have resisted quantification by conventional means. Here, we utilize the photo-uncaging of Ca(2+) with CaV 2.1 channels fluxing Li(+) currents, so that voltage-dependent activation of channel gating is no longer conflated with Ca(2+) entry, and CDF is then driven solely by light-induced increases in Ca(2+) . By using this strategy, we now find that CDF can be unexpectedly large, enhancing currents by as much as twofold at physiological voltages. CDF is steeply Ca(2+) dependent, with a Hill coefficient of approximately two, a half-maximal effect reached by nearly 500 nm Ca(2+) , and Ca(2+) on/off kinetics in the order of milliseconds to tens of milliseconds. These properties were established for both native P-type currents in cerebellar Purkinje neurons, as well as their recombinant channel counterparts under heterologous expression. Such features suggest that CDF of CaV 2.1 channels may substantially enhance the regularity of rhythmic firing in cerebellar Purkinje neurons, where regularity is believed crucial for motor coordination. In addition, this degree of extensive CDF would be poised to exert large order-of-magnitude effects on short-term synaptic plasticity via rapid modulation of presynaptic Ca(2+) entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Rong Lee
- Calcium Signals Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Departments of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Paul J Adams
- Department of Biology, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Surrey, BC, Canada, V3W 2M8
| | - David T Yue
- Calcium Signals Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Departments of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Center for Cell Dynamics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Lemire S, Jeromin A, Boisselier É. Membrane binding of Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 (NCS1). Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 139:138-47. [PMID: 26705828 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 (NCS1) belongs to the family of Neuronal Calcium Sensor (NCS) proteins. NCS1 is composed of four EF-hand motifs and an N-terminal myristoylation. However, the presence of a calcium-myristoyl switch in NCS1 and its role in the membrane binding are controversial. The model of Langmuir lipid monolayers is thus used to mimic the cell membrane in order to characterize the membrane interactions of NCS1. Two binding parameters are calculated from monolayer measurements: the maximum insertion pressure, up to which protein binding is energetically favorable, and the synergy, reporting attractive or repulsive interactions with the lipid monolayers. Binding membrane measurements performed in the presence of myristoylated NCS1 reveal better binding interactions for phospholipids composed of phosphoethanolamine polar head groups and unsaturated fatty acyl chains. In the absence of calcium, the membrane binding measurements are drastically modified and suggest that the protein is more strongly bound to the membrane. Indeed, the binding of calcium by three EF-hand motifs of NCS1 leads to a conformation change. NCS1 arrangement at the membrane could thus be reshuffled for better interactions with its substrates. The N-terminal peptide of NCS1 is composed of two amphiphilic helices involved in the membrane interactions of NCS1. Moreover, the presence of the myristoyl group has a weak influence on the membrane binding of NCS1 suggesting the absence of a calcium-myristoyl switch mechanism in this protein. The myristoylation could thus have a structural role required in the folding/unfolding of NCS1 which is essential to its multiple biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Lemire
- CUO-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Élodie Boisselier
- CUO-Recherche, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département d'ophtalmologie, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.
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Sastre A, Campillo NE, Gil C, Martinez A. Therapeutic approaches for the future treatment of Fragile X. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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37
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Yan J, Leal K, Magupalli VG, Nanou E, Martinez GQ, Scheuer T, Catterall WA. Modulation of CaV2.1 channels by neuronal calcium sensor-1 induces short-term synaptic facilitation. Mol Cell Neurosci 2015; 63:124-31. [PMID: 25447945 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Facilitation and inactivation of P/Q-type Ca2+ currents mediated by Ca2+/calmodulin binding to Ca(V)2.1 channels contribute to facilitation and rapid depression of synaptic transmission, respectively. Other calcium sensor proteins displace calmodulin from its binding site and differentially modulate P/Q-type Ca2 + currents, resulting in diverse patterns of short-term synaptic plasticity. Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1, frequenin) has been shown to enhance synaptic facilitation, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. We report here that NCS-1 directly interacts with IQ-like motif and calmodulin-binding domain in the C-terminal domain of Ca(V)2.1 channel. NCS-1 reduces Ca2 +-dependent inactivation of P/Q-type Ca2+ current through interaction with the IQ-like motif and calmodulin-binding domain without affecting peak current or activation kinetics. Expression of NCS-1 in presynaptic superior cervical ganglion neurons has no effect on synaptic transmission, eliminating effects of this calcium sensor protein on endogenous N-type Ca2+ currents and the endogenous neurotransmitter release machinery. However, in superior cervical ganglion neurons expressing wild-type Ca(V)2.1 channels, co-expression of NCS-1 induces facilitation of synaptic transmission in response to paired pulses and trains of depolarizing stimuli, and this effect is lost in Ca(V)2.1 channels with mutations in the IQ-like motif and calmodulin-binding domain. These results reveal that NCS-1 directly modulates Ca(V)2.1 channels to induce short-term synaptic facilitation and further demonstrate that CaS proteins are crucial in fine-tuning short-term synaptic plasticity.
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Zhu Y, Wu Y, Luo Y, Zou Y, Ma B, Zhang Q. R102Q Mutation Shifts the Salt-Bridge Network and Reduces the Structural Flexibility of Human Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 Protein. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:13112-22. [DOI: 10.1021/jp507936a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Zhu
- College of Physical Education & Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ying Wu
- College of Physical Education & Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yin Luo
- Department
of Physics, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yu Zou
- College of Physical Education & Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Buyong Ma
- Basic
Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Cancer and Inflammation
Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- College of Physical Education & Training, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
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Burgoyne RD, Haynes LP. Sense and specificity in neuronal calcium signalling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1853:1921-32. [PMID: 25447549 PMCID: PMC4728190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca²⁺]i) in neurons regulate many and varied aspects of neuronal function over time scales from microseconds to days. The mystery is how a single signalling ion can lead to such diverse and specific changes in cell function. This is partly due to aspects of the Ca²⁺ signal itself, including its magnitude, duration, localisation and persistent or oscillatory nature. The transduction of the Ca²⁺ signal requires Ca²⁺binding to various Ca²⁺ sensor proteins. The different properties of these sensors are important for differential signal processing and determine the physiological specificity of Ca(2+) signalling pathways. A major factor underlying the specific roles of particular Ca²⁺ sensor proteins is the nature of their interaction with target proteins and how this mediates unique patterns of regulation. We review here recent progress from structural analyses and from functional analyses in model organisms that have begun to reveal the rules that underlie Ca²⁺ sensor protein specificity for target interaction. We discuss three case studies exemplifying different aspects of Ca²⁺ sensor/target interaction. This article is part of a special issue titled the 13th European Symposium on Calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Burgoyne
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Physiological Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom.
| | - Lee P Haynes
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Physiological Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
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40
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Lian LY, Pandalaneni SR, Todd PAC, Martin VM, Burgoyne RD, Haynes LP. Demonstration of binding of neuronal calcium sensor-1 to the cav2.1 p/q-type calcium channel. Biochemistry 2014; 53:6052-62. [PMID: 25188201 PMCID: PMC4180279 DOI: 10.1021/bi500568v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In neurons, entry of extracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) into synaptic terminals through Cav2.1 (P/Q-type) Ca(2+) channels is the driving force for exocytosis of neurotransmitter-containing synaptic vesicles. This class of Ca(2+) channel is, therefore, pivotal during normal neurotransmission in higher organisms. In response to channel opening and Ca(2+) influx, specific Ca(2+)-binding proteins associate with cytoplasmic regulatory domains of the P/Q channel to modulate subsequent channel opening. Channel modulation in this way influences synaptic plasticity with consequences for higher-level processes such as learning and memory acquisition. The ubiquitous Ca(2+)-sensing protein calmodulin (CaM) regulates the activity of all types of mammalian voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels, including the P/Q class, by direct binding to specific regulatory motifs. More recently, experimental evidence has highlighted a role for additional Ca(2+)-binding proteins, particularly of the CaBP and NCS families in the regulation of P/Q channels. NCS-1 is a protein found from yeast to humans and that regulates a diverse number of cellular functions. Physiological and genetic evidence indicates that NCS-1 regulates P/Q channel activity, including calcium-dependent facilitation, although a direct physical association between the proteins has yet to be demonstrated. In this study, we aimed to determine if there is a direct interaction between NCS-1 and the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of the Cav2.1 α-subunit. Using distinct but complementary approaches, including in vitro binding of bacterially expressed recombinant proteins, fluorescence spectrophotometry, isothermal titration calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and expression of fluorescently tagged proteins in mammalian cells, we show direct binding and demonstrate that CaM can compete for it. We speculate about how NCS-1/Cav2.1 association might add to the complexity of calcium channel regulation mediated by other known calcium-sensing proteins and how this might help to fine-tune neurotransmission in the mammalian central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yun Lian
- NMR Centre for Structural Biology, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool , Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
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41
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Direct single-molecule observation of calcium-dependent misfolding in human neuronal calcium sensor-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:13069-74. [PMID: 25157171 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1401065111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are strongly linked to protein misfolding, and crucial to their explication is a detailed understanding of the underlying structural rearrangements and pathways that govern the formation of misfolded states. Here we use single-molecule optical tweezers to monitor misfolding reactions of the human neuronal calcium sensor-1, a multispecific EF-hand protein involved in neurotransmitter release and linked to severe neurological diseases. We directly observed two misfolding trajectories leading to distinct kinetically trapped misfolded conformations. Both trajectories originate from an on-pathway intermediate state and compete with native folding in a calcium-dependent manner. The relative probability of the different trajectories could be affected by modulating the relaxation rate of applied force, demonstrating an unprecedented real-time control over the free-energy landscape of a protein. Constant-force experiments in combination with hidden Markov analysis revealed the free-energy landscape of the misfolding transitions under both physiological and pathological calcium concentrations. Remarkably for a calcium sensor, we found that higher calcium concentrations increased the lifetimes of the misfolded conformations, slowing productive folding to the native state. We propose a rugged, multidimensional energy landscape for neuronal calcium sensor-1 and speculate on a direct link between protein misfolding and calcium dysregulation that could play a role in neurodegeneration.
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42
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Garcia-Rill E, Kezunovic N, D'Onofrio S, Luster B, Hyde J, Bisagno V, Urbano FJ. Gamma band activity in the RAS-intracellular mechanisms. Exp Brain Res 2014; 232:1509-22. [PMID: 24309750 PMCID: PMC4013218 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-013-3794-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gamma band activity participates in sensory perception, problem solving, and memory. This review considers recent evidence showing that cells in the reticular activating system (RAS) exhibit gamma band activity, and describes the intrinsic membrane properties behind such manifestation. Specifically, we discuss how cells in the mesopontine pedunculopontine nucleus, intralaminar parafascicular nucleus, and pontine SubCoeruleus nucleus dorsalis all fire in the gamma band range when maximally activated, but no higher. The mechanisms involve high-threshold, voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channels, or sodium-dependent subthreshold oscillations. Rather than participating in the temporal binding of sensory events as in the cortex, gamma band activity in the RAS may participate in the processes of preconscious awareness and provide the essential stream of information for the formulation of many of our actions. We address three necessary next steps resulting from these discoveries: an intracellular mechanism responsible for maintaining gamma band activity based on persistent G-protein activation, separate intracellular pathways that differentiate between gamma band activity during waking versus during REM sleep, and an intracellular mechanism responsible for the dysregulation in gamma band activity in schizophrenia. These findings open several promising research avenues that have not been thoroughly explored. What are the effects of sleep or REM sleep deprivation on these RAS mechanisms? Are these mechanisms involved in memory processing during waking and/or during REM sleep? Does gamma band processing differ during waking versus REM sleep after sleep or REM sleep deprivation?
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Affiliation(s)
- E Garcia-Rill
- Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Slot 847, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA,
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Lim S, Dizhoor AM, Ames JB. Structural diversity of neuronal calcium sensor proteins and insights for activation of retinal guanylyl cyclase by GCAP1. Front Mol Neurosci 2014; 7:19. [PMID: 24672427 PMCID: PMC3956117 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2014.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) proteins, a sub-branch of the calmodulin superfamily, are expressed in the brain and retina where they transduce calcium signals and are genetically linked to degenerative diseases. The amino acid sequences of NCS proteins are highly conserved but their physiological functions are quite different. Retinal recoverin controls Ca2+-dependent inactivation of light-excited rhodopsin during phototransduction, guanylyl cyclase activating proteins 1 and 2 (GCAP1 and GCAP2) promote Ca2+-dependent activation of retinal guanylyl cyclases, and neuronal frequenin (NCS-1) modulates synaptic activity and neuronal secretion. Here we review the molecular structures of myristoylated forms of NCS-1, recoverin, and GCAP1 that all look very different, suggesting that the attached myristoyl group helps to refold these highly homologous proteins into different three-dimensional folds. Ca2+-binding to both recoverin and NCS-1 cause large protein conformational changes that ejects the covalently attached myristoyl group into the solvent exterior and promotes membrane targeting (Ca2+-myristoyl switch). The GCAP proteins undergo much smaller Ca2+-induced conformational changes and do not possess a Ca2+-myristoyl switch. Recent structures of GCAP1 in both its activator and Ca2+-bound inhibitory states will be discussed to understand structural determinants that control their Ca2+-dependent activation of retinal guanylyl cyclases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghyuk Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis Davis, CA, USA
| | - Alexander M Dizhoor
- Basic Sciences, Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Salus University Elkins Park, PA, USA
| | - James B Ames
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Davis Davis, CA, USA
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Heidarsson P, Otazo M, Bellucci L, Mossa A, Imparato A, Paci E, Corni S, Di Felice R, Kragelund B, Cecconi C. Single-Molecule Folding Mechanism of an EF-Hand Neuronal Calcium Sensor. Structure 2013; 21:1812-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2013.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bellucci L, Corni S, Di Felice R, Paci E. The structure of neuronal calcium sensor-1 in solution revealed by molecular dynamics simulations. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74383. [PMID: 24098643 PMCID: PMC3787052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) is a protein able to trigger signal transduction processes by binding a large number of substrates and re-shaping its structure depending on the environmental conditions. The X-ray crystal structure of the unmyristoilated NCS-1 shows a large solvent-exposed hydrophobic crevice (HC); this HC is partially occupied by the C-terminal tail and thus elusive to the surrounding solvent. We studied the native state of NCS-1 by performing room temperature molecular dynamics (MD) simulations starting from the crystal and the solution structures. We observe relaxation to a state independent of the initial structure, in which the C-terminal tail occupies the HC. We suggest that the C-terminal tail shields the HC binding pocket and modulates the affinity of NCS-1 for its natural targets. By analyzing the topology and nature of the inter-residue potential energy, we provide a compelling description of the interaction network that determines the three-dimensional organization of NCS-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bellucci
- Center S3, CNR Institute Nanoscience, Modena, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Emanuele Paci
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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46
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Abbineni PS, Hibbert JE, Coorssen JR. Critical role of cortical vesicles in dissecting regulated exocytosis: overview of insights into fundamental molecular mechanisms. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2013; 224:200-217. [PMID: 23995744 DOI: 10.1086/bblv224n3p200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Regulated exocytosis is one of the defining features of eukaryotic cells, underlying many conserved and essential functions. Definitively assigning specific roles to proteins and lipids in this fundamental mechanism is most effectively accomplished using a model system in which distinct stages of exocytosis can be effectively separated. Here we discuss the establishment of sea urchin cortical vesicle fusion as a model to study regulated exocytosis-a system in which the docked, release-ready, and late Ca(2+)-triggered steps of exocytosis are isolated and can be quantitatively assessed using the rigorous coupling of functional and molecular assays. We provide an overview of the insights this has provided into conserved molecular mechanisms and how these have led to and integrate with findings from other regulated exocytotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhodh S Abbineni
- Department of Molecular Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Bar-Gill AB, Efergan A, Seger R, Fukuda M, Sagi-Eisenberg R. The extra-cellular signal regulated kinases ERK1 and ERK2 segregate displaying distinct spatiotemporal characteristics in activated mast cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1833:2070-82. [PMID: 23651922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ERK1 and ERK2 are highly homologous isoforms that often play redundant roles in regulating cellular functions. We analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of ERK1 and ERK2 in resting and activated mast cells. Strikingly, we identified distinct pathways for these kinases. ERK1 localized to the cytosol and translocated to the nucleus upon cell activation and kinase phosphorylation. In contrast, ERK2 distributed between the cytosol and near the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in resting cells and accumulated further at a pericentrosomal region upon cell trigger. Pericentrosomal accumulation of ERK2 was phosphorylation independent, required an intact microtubule network and was significantly enhanced by the overexpression of Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 (NCS-1). We also identified γ-tubulin and phosphatidylinositol 4 kinaseβ (PI4Kβ), a downstream effector of NCS-1, as novel partner proteins of ERK2. Taken together, our results imply non-redundant functions of ERK1 and ERK2 in mast cells and implicate NCS-1 and PΙ4Κβ as regulators of ERK2 trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Benado Bar-Gill
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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Islam MK, Alim MA, Tsuji N. Longistatin, an EF-hand Ca2+-binding protein from vector tick: identification, purification, and characterization. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 963:127-146. [PMID: 23296609 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-230-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding motif, a structural component of the EF-hand protein, functions as a calcium sensor and/or buffer in the cytosol of the cell. However, in a few exceptional cases, the EF-hand proteins are secreted from cells and play crucial roles extracellularly. We have identified longistatin, an EF-hand Ca(2+)-binding protein, from the salivary glands of the tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis. Longistatin possesses an N-terminal sequence of unknown structure and two EF-hand motifs in the C-terminus, which conserve a calmodulin-like canonical structure. Longistatin shows distinct changes in its migration during electrophoresis through SDS-PAGE gel containing calcium or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Both recombinant and endogenous forms of longistatin can be stained with rutheninum red, demonstrating that longistatin is a Ca(2+)-binding protein.
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Reyes-Bermudez A, Miller DJ, Sprungala S. The Neuronal Calcium Sensor protein Acrocalcin: a potential target of calmodulin regulation during development in the coral Acropora millepora. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51689. [PMID: 23284743 PMCID: PMC3524228 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the calcium-mediated signalling pathways underlying settlement and metamorphosis in the Scleractinian coral Acropora millepora, a predicted protein set derived from larval cDNAs was scanned for the presence of EF-hand domains (Pfam Id: PF00036). This approach led to the identification of a canonical calmodulin (AmCaM) protein and an uncharacterised member of the Neuronal Calcium Sensor (NCS) family of proteins known here as Acrocalcin (AmAC). While AmCaM transcripts were present throughout development, AmAC transcripts were not detected prior to gastrulation, after which relatively constant mRNA levels were detected until metamorphosis and settlement. The AmAC protein contains an internal CaM-binding site and was shown to interact in vitro with AmCaM. These results are consistent with the idea that AmAC is a target of AmCaM in vivo, suggesting that this interaction may regulate calcium-dependent processes during the development of Acropora millepora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Reyes-Bermudez
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies and School of Pharmacy and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, Japan
| | - David J. Miller
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies and School of Pharmacy and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susanne Sprungala
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies and School of Pharmacy and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Mo M, Erdelyi I, Szigeti-Buck K, Benbow JH, Ehrlich BE. Prevention of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy by lithium pretreatment. FASEB J 2012; 26:4696-709. [PMID: 22889832 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-214643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a debilitating side effect that occurs in many patients undergoing chemotherapy. It is often irreversible and frequently leads to early termination of treatment. In this study, we have identified two compounds, lithium and ibudilast, that when administered as a single prophylactic injection prior to paclitaxel treatment, prevent the development of CIPN in mice at the sensory-motor and cellular level. The prevention of neuropathy was not observed in paclitaxel-treated mice that were only prophylactically treated with a vehicle injection. The coadministration of lithium with paclitaxel also allows for administration of higher doses of paclitaxel (survival increases by 60%), protects against paclitaxel-induced cardiac abnormalities, and, notably, does not interfere with the antitumor effects of paclitaxel. Moreover, we have determined a mechanism by which CIPN develops and have discovered that lithium and ibudilast inhibit development of peripheral neuropathy by disrupting the interaction between paclitaxel, neuronal calcium sensor 1 (NCS-1), and the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R) to prevent treatment-induced decreases in intracellular calcium signaling. This study shows that lithium and ibudilast are candidate therapeutics for the prevention of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy and could enable patients to tolerate more aggressive treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Mo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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