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Zhou L, Nishimura A, Umezawa K, Kato Y, Mi X, Ito T, Urano Y, Akaike T, Nishida M. Supersulfide catabolism participates in maladaptive remodeling of cardiac cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2024; 155:121-130. [PMID: 38880546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The atrophic myocardium resulting from mechanical unloading and nutritional deprivation is considered crucial as maladaptive remodeling directly associated with heart failure, as well as interstitial fibrosis. Conversely, myocardial hypertrophy resulting from hemodynamic loading is perceived as compensatory stress adaptation. We previously reported the abundant presence of highly redox-active polysulfide molecules, termed supersulfide, with two or more sulfur atoms catenated in normal hearts, and the supersulfide catabolism in pathologic hearts after myocardial infarction correlated with worsened prognosis of heart failure. However, the impact of supersulfide on myocardial remodeling remains unclear. Here, we investigated the involvement of supersulfide metabolism in cardiomyocyte remodeling, using a model of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) receptor-stimulated atrophy and endothelin-1 receptor-stimulated hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Results revealed contrasting changes in intracellular supersulfide and its catabolite, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), between cardiomyocyte atrophy and hypertrophy. Stimulation of cardiomyocytes with ATP decreased supersulfide activity, while H2S accumulation itself did not affect cardiomyocyte atrophy. This supersulfide catabolism was also involved in myofibroblast formation of neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts. Thus, unraveling supersulfide metabolism during myocardial remodeling may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to improve heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuchenzi Zhou
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, NINS, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Nishimura
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, NINS, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Keitaro Umezawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yuri Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Xinya Mi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ito
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, NINS, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Chen H, Sun H, Hua W, Chang H, Chen W, Ma S. Exogenous hydrogen sulfide ameliorates diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction by regulating the nrf-2/HO-1 axis and the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 966:176344. [PMID: 38280462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (DACD) is a complication of diabetes mellitus that leads to an increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the molecular mechanism underlying DACD has not been elucidated, and a promising therapy for this disease remains to be established. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a significant antioxidative and anti-inflammatory gasotransmitter, has emerged as a neuroprotective agent. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of H2S on DACD in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. We applied the Morris water maze to evaluate spatial learning and memory abilities. We used Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining to investigate the expression of the Nrf-2/HO-1 axis and the NLRP3 inflammasome. After NaHS (H2S donor) administration, diabetic rats exhibited improved spatial learning and memory retrieval abilities in the Morris water maze. In STZ-induced diabetic rats, the protein expression levels of the Nrf-2/HO-1 axis, the NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampal region were elevated compared to those in control rats. Exogenous H2S triggered Nrf-2/HO-1 antioxidant activity and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and proinflammatory cytokine expression. These findings suggested that exogenous H2S has neuroprotective effects by modulating the Nrf-2/HO-1 axis and the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, which were found to be associated with DACD. H2S treatment may be a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing the progression of tissue damage caused by DACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huinan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongxue Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongye Chang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuainan Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Sha A, Liu Y, Qiu X, Xiong B. Polysaccharide from Paris polyphylla improves learning and memory ability in D-galactose-induced aging model mice based on antioxidation, p19/p53/p21, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126311. [PMID: 37579895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of Paris polyphylla polysaccharide component 1 (PPPm-1) to improve learning and memory in D-galactose-induced aging model mice. We determined the effects of PPPm-1 on the brain, organ index, and behavior in the aging model mice induced by D-galactose to study learning and memory improvement. UV-Vis spectrophotometry helped determine the PPPm-1 effect on antioxidant parameters associated with learning and memory in the brain and related organs of aging mice. Moreover, in the hippocampi of aging model mice, PPPm-1 effect on the mRNA and protein expressions of p19, p53, p21, P16, Rb, Wnt/1, β-catenin, CyclinD1, TCF-4, and GSK-3β were detected using the quantitative real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. The results indicated that PPPm-1 could increase the brain and organ indexes, the avoidance latency, the total distance and average speed in the water maze, and the SOD and GSH-PX activities in the brain, liver tissues, and plasma. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expressions of Wnt/1, β-catenin, CyclinD1, and TCF-4 were also elevated in the hippocampi of aging model mice. However, the error times in step-through tests, the MDA content in the brain and liver tissues, the AChE activity in the brain tissue, the protein expressions of P16, Rb in the hippocampi, and the mRNA and protein expressions of p19, p53, p21, and GSK-3β in the hippocampi of aging model mice were significantly decreased. Thus, PPPm-1 significantly enhanced the learning and memory impairment induced by D-galactose in mice. The action mechanisms were associated with anti-oxidative stress, cholinergic nervous system function regulation, LTP enhancement in long-term memory, down-regulated expression of p19/p53/p21 signaling pathway factors, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailong Sha
- School of Teacher Education, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404120, China; School of biology and food engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404120, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- School of biology and food engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404120, China
| | - Xinyu Qiu
- School of biology and food engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404120, China
| | - Binbing Xiong
- School of biology and food engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404120, China
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Papiri G, D’Andreamatteo G, Cacchiò G, Alia S, Silvestrini M, Paci C, Luzzi S, Vignini A. Multiple Sclerosis: Inflammatory and Neuroglial Aspects. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1443-1470. [PMID: 36826039 PMCID: PMC9954863 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) represents the most common acquired demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Its pathogenesis, in parallel with the well-established role of mechanisms pertaining to autoimmunity, involves several key functions of immune, glial and nerve cells. The disease's natural history is complex, heterogeneous and may evolve over a relapsing-remitting (RRMS) or progressive (PPMS/SPMS) course. Acute inflammation, driven by infiltration of peripheral cells in the CNS, is thought to be the most relevant process during the earliest phases and in RRMS, while disruption in glial and neural cells of pathways pertaining to energy metabolism, survival cascades, synaptic and ionic homeostasis are thought to be mostly relevant in long-standing disease, such as in progressive forms. In this complex scenario, many mechanisms originally thought to be distinctive of neurodegenerative disorders are being increasingly recognized as crucial from the beginning of the disease. The present review aims at highlighting mechanisms in common between MS, autoimmune diseases and biology of neurodegenerative disorders. In fact, there is an unmet need to explore new targets that might be involved as master regulators of autoimmunity, inflammation and survival of nerve cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Papiri
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Provinciale “Madonna del Soccorso”, 63074 San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy
| | - Giordano D’Andreamatteo
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Provinciale “Madonna del Soccorso”, 63074 San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cacchiò
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Provinciale “Madonna del Soccorso”, 63074 San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy
| | - Sonila Alia
- Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100 Ancona, Italy
| | - Mauro Silvestrini
- Neurology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100 Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Paci
- Neurology Unit, Ospedale Provinciale “Madonna del Soccorso”, 63074 San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy
| | - Simona Luzzi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100 Ancona, Italy
| | - Arianna Vignini
- Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Sun Y, Yang X, Xu L, Jia M, Zhang L, Li P, Yang P. The Role of Nrf2 in Relieving Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1405-1420. [PMID: 36453490 PMCID: PMC10324331 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221129100308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke includes two related pathological damage processes: brain injury caused by primary ischemia and secondary ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. I/R injury has become a worldwide health problem. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of satisfactory drugs for ameliorating cerebral I/R damage. Nrf2 is a vital endogenous antioxidant protein, which combines with Keap1 to maintain a dormant state under physiological conditions. When pathological changes such as I/R occurs, Nrf2 dissociates from Keap1 and activates the expression of downstream antioxidant proteins to exert a protective effect. Recent research have shown that the activated Nrf2 not only effectively inhibits oxidative stress, but also performs the ability to repair the function of compromised mitochondria, alleviate endoplasmic reticulum stress, eliminate inflammatory response, reduce blood-brain barrier permeability, inhibit neuronal apoptosis, enhance the neural network remolding, thereby exerting significant protective effects in alleviating the injuries caused by cell oxygen-glucose deprivation, or animal cerebral I/R. However, no definite clinical application report demonstrated the efficacy of Nrf2 activators in the treatment of cerebral I/R. Therefore, further efforts are needed to elaborate the role of Nrf2 activators in the treatment of cerebral I/R. Here, we reviewed the possible mechanisms underlying its potential pharmacological benefits in alleviating cerebral I/R injury, so as to provide a theoretical basis for studying its mechanism and developing Nrf2 activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Mengxiao Jia
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Limeng Zhang
- School of Nursing, Pingdingshan Polytenchnic College, Pingdingshan, 467001, China
| | - Peng Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, 453003, China
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6
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Therapeutic effects of CORM3 and NaHS in chronic kidney disease induced cognitive impairment via the interaction between carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide on Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hedayatpour A, Shiasi M, Modarresi P, Bashghareh A. Remote ischemic preconditioning combined with atorvastatin improves memory after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in male rats. RESEARCH RESULTS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.75753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Damage to hippocampus can occur through ischemia. Memory problems are among the most significant disabilities after stroke. Therefore, improving memory is of great interest in helping post-stroke patients. This study demonstrated that intraperitoneally injection of atorvastatin with a short cycle of ischemia-reperfusion in the left femoral artery improved hippocampal CA1 neurons injury and memory problems after global cerebral ischemia.
Materials and methods: In this article survey, we used 64 animals. Rats were divided into 8 groups, (n=8). Group 1: control; group 2: sham; group 3: global cerebral ischemia (GCI) only; group 4: remote ischemic preconditioning (RIP) + GCI; group 5: GCI + atorvastatin (ATO); group 6: GCI + vehicle; group 7: RIP + GCI + ATO; group 8: RIP + GCI + vehicle. We created global cerebral ischemia (GCI) with 20 min occlusion of the Common carotid artery.
Results and discussion: Remote ischemic preconditioning could improve rats performance in water maze tests along with a decrease in neuronal death. Also, atorvastatin combined with remote ischemic preconditioning was more effective for memory improvement and reduction of neuronal death. Inconsistent with our result, the function of the animals in the ischemia group was impaired. CA1 hippocampal neurons have an important role in memory and learning, and they can be damaged after cerebral ischemia. Therefore, ischemia can create memory problems. Remote ischemic preconditioning and atorvastatin had a neuroprotective effect and could improve rat performance in water maze test.
Conclusion: This study showed that remote ischemic preconditioning with atorvastatin could improve CA1 neuronal injury and memory.
Graphical abstract:
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Torres-Querol C, Quintana-Luque M, Arque G, Purroy F. Preclinical evidence of remote ischemic conditioning in ischemic stroke, a metanalysis update. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23706. [PMID: 34887465 PMCID: PMC8660795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a promising therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke patients. It has been proven that RIC reduces infarct size and improves functional outcomes. RIC can be applied either before ischemia (pre-conditioning; RIPreC), during ischemia (per-conditioning; RIPerC) or after ischemia (post-conditioning; RIPostC). Our aim was to systematically determine the efficacy of RIC in reducing infarct volumes and define the cellular pathways involved in preclinical animal models of ischemic stroke. A systematic search in three databases yielded 50 peer-review articles. Data were analyzed using random effects models and results expressed as percentage of reduction in infarct size (95% CI). A meta-regression was also performed to evaluate the effects of covariates on the pooled effect-size. 95.3% of analyzed experiments were carried out in rodents. Thirty-nine out of the 64 experiments studied RIPostC (61%), sixteen examined RIPreC (25%) and nine tested RIPerC (14%). In all studies, RIC was shown to reduce infarct volume (- 38.36%; CI - 42.09 to - 34.62%) when compared to controls. There was a significant interaction caused by species. Short cycles in mice significantly reduces infarct volume while in rats the opposite occurs. RIPreC was shown to be the most effective strategy in mice. The present meta-analysis suggests that RIC is more efficient in transient ischemia, using a smaller number of RIC cycles, applying larger length of limb occlusion, and employing barbiturates anesthetics. There is a preclinical evidence for RIC, it is safe and effective. However, the exact cellular pathways and underlying mechanisms are still not fully determined, and its definition will be crucial for the understanding of RIC mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral Torres-Querol
- Clinical Neurosciences Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Quintana-Luque
- Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Arque
- Clinical Neurosciences Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
- Experimental Medicine Department, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Francisco Purroy
- Clinical Neurosciences Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
- Medicine Department, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Clinical Neurosciences Group IRBLleida, Avda Rovira Roure 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
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Xu R, He Q, Wang Y, Yang Y, Guo ZN. Therapeutic Potential of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Vascular Cognitive Impairment. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:706759. [PMID: 34413726 PMCID: PMC8370253 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.706759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a heterogeneous disease caused by a variety of cerebrovascular diseases. Patients with VCI often present with slower cognitive processing speed and poor executive function, which affects their independence in daily life, thus increasing social burden. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is a non-invasive and efficient intervention that triggers endogenous protective mechanisms to generate neuroprotection. Over the past decades, evidence from basic and clinical research has shown that RIC is promising for the treatment of VCI. To further our understanding of RIC and improve the management of VCI, we summarize the evidence on the therapeutic potential of RIC in relation to the risk factors and pathobiologies of VCI, including reducing the risk of recurrent stroke, decreasing high blood pressure, improving cerebral blood flow, restoring white matter integrity, protecting the neurovascular unit, attenuating oxidative stress, and inhibiting the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Qianyan He
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
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Hydrogen Sulfide and the Immune System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1315:99-128. [PMID: 34302690 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-0991-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is the "third gasotransmitter" recognized alongside nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). H2S exhibits an array of biological effects in mammalian cells as revealed by studies showing important roles in the cardiovascular system, in cell signalling processes, post-translational modifications and in the immune system. Regarding the latter, using pharmacological and genetic approaches scientists have shown this molecule to have both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects in mammalian systems. The anti-inflammatory effects of H2S appeared to be due to its inhibitory action on the nuclear factor kappa beta signalling pathway; NF-kB representing a transcription factor involved in the regulation pro-inflammatory mediators like nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and cytokines. In contrast, results from several animal model describe a more complicated picture and report on pro-inflammatory effects linked to exposure to this molecule; linked to dosage used and point of administration of this molecule. Overall, roles for H2S in several inflammatory diseases spanning arthritis, atherosclerosis, sepsis, and asthma have been described by researchers. In light this work fascinating research, this chapter will cover H2S biology and its many roles in the immune system.
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11
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Liu J, Gu Y, Guo M, Ji X. Neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of ischemic/hypoxic preconditioning on neurological diseases. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:869-882. [PMID: 34237192 PMCID: PMC8265941 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As the organ with the highest demand for oxygen, the brain has a poor tolerance to ischemia and hypoxia. Despite severe ischemia/hypoxia induces the occurrence and development of various central nervous system (CNS) diseases, sublethal insult may induce strong protection against subsequent fatal injuries by improving tolerance. Searching for potential measures to improve brain ischemic/hypoxic is of great significance for treatment of ischemia/hypoxia related CNS diseases. Ischemic/hypoxic preconditioning (I/HPC) refers to the approach to give the body a short period of mild ischemic/hypoxic stimulus which can significantly improve the body's tolerance to subsequent more severe ischemia/hypoxia event. It has been extensively studied and been considered as an effective therapeutic strategy in CNS diseases. Its protective mechanisms involved multiple processes, such as activation of hypoxia signaling pathways, anti-inflammation, antioxidant stress, and autophagy induction, etc. As a strategy to induce endogenous neuroprotection, I/HPC has attracted extensive attention and become one of the research frontiers and hotspots in the field of neurotherapy. In this review, we discuss the basic and clinical research progress of I/HPC on CNS diseases, and summarize its mechanisms. Furthermore, we highlight the limitations and challenges of their translation from basic research to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yakun Gu
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyuan Guo
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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12
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Xu C, Dai Y, Bai J, Ren B, Xu J, Gao F, Wang L, Zhang W, Wang R. 17β-oestradiol alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress injury induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion through the Haemoglobin/HIF 1α signalling pathway in ovariectomized rats. Neurochem Int 2021; 148:105119. [PMID: 34224805 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is known to be an essential target in protecting against ischaemic brain injury. In this study, using a vascular dementia (VaD) animal model induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO), we evaluated the effect and mechanism of 17β-oestradiol (E2) against VaD by inhibiting ERS at the early stage (14 d, 21 d, 28 d) and late stage (3 m) after BCCAO in the hippocampal CA1 region of ovariectomized rats. The results showed that the activation of the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP axis, a typical ERS pathway, was significantly increased at the early and late stages after BCCAO. JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase)-cJun, a pro-death pathway, also displayed the same pattern as the ERS axis. E2 treatment profoundly suppressed the impairments caused by BCCAO. Further mechanistic studies revealed that cerebral blood flow (CBF) was sharply decreased at 14 d and returned to the normal level at 21 d after BCCAO. E2 could not change CBF, while it unexpectedly enhanced the ability to carry oxygen. This is evidenced by the fact that the protein expression of haemoglobin α/β (Hα/β), an oxygen carrier, robustly increased at BCCAO 21 d and 3 m after E2 treatment. The oxygen carrier increased strongly after 21 d and 3 m of BCCAO treated with E2. Moreover, E2 correspondingly enhanced the protein expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF 1α) in both the early and late stage after BCCAO in the hippocampal CA1 region. Finally, E2 administration markedly decreased the activities of caspase-8, caspase-3, and caspase-12 and increased the number of NeuN-positive cells. These findings suggest that E2 serves as a neuroprotectant to alleviate VaD by suppressing ERS injury involving the haemoglobin/HIF 1α signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xu
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China; Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China
| | - Yongxin Dai
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China; Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China
| | - Jing Bai
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China; Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China; School Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China
| | - Bo Ren
- School Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China; Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China; School Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China
| | - Fujia Gao
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China; Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China; Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China; Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China
| | - Ruimin Wang
- Neurobiology Institute, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, International Science & Technology Cooperation Base of Geriatric Medicine of China, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China; Dementia and Dyscognitive Key Lab, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China; School Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China.
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Involvement of amylin B-H2S-connexin 43 signaling pathway in vascular dysfunction and enhanced ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial injury in diabetic rats. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:224904. [PMID: 32436936 PMCID: PMC7280474 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20194154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the role of amylin, H2S, and connexin 43 in vascular dysfunction and enhanced ischemia–reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury in diabetic rats. A single dose of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) was employed to induce diabetes mellitus. After 8 weeks, there was a significant decrease in the plasma levels of amylin, an increase in I/R injury to isolated hearts (increase in CK-MB and cardiac troponin release) on the Langendorff apparatus. Moreover, there was a significant impairment in vascular endothelium function as assessed by quantifying acetylcholine-induced relaxation in norepinephrine-precontracted mesenteric arteries. There was also a marked decrease in the expression of H2S and connexin 43 in the hearts following I/R injury in diabetic rats. Treatment with amylin agonist, pramlintide (100 and 200 µg/kg), and H2S donor, NaHS (10 and 20 μmol/kg) for 2 weeks improved the vascular endothelium function, abolished enhanced myocardial injury and restored the levels of H2S along with connexin 43 in diabetic animals. However, pramlintide and NaHS failed to produce these effects the presence of gap junction blocker, carbenoxolone (20 and 40 mg/kg). Carbenoxolone also abolished the myocardial levels of connexin 43 without affecting the plasma levels of amylin and myocardial levels of H2S. The decrease in the amylin levels with a consequent reduction in H2S and connexin 43 may contribute to inducing vascular dysfunction and enhancing I/R-induced myocardial injury in diabetic rats.
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Liu T, Liao XZ, Zhou MT. Ulinastatin alleviates traumatic brain injury by reducing endothelin-1. Transl Neurosci 2021; 12:1-8. [PMID: 33505713 PMCID: PMC7788573 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2021-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brain edema is one of the major causes of fatality and disability associated with injury and neurosurgical procedures. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of ulinastatin (UTI), a protease inhibitor, on astrocytes in a rat model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methodology A rat model of TBI was established. Animals were randomly divided into 2 groups – one group was treated with normal saline and the second group was treated with UTI (50,000 U/kg). The brain water content and permeability of the blood–brain barrier were assessed in the two groups along with a sham group (no TBI). Expression of the glial fibrillary acidic protein, endthelin-1 (ET-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) were measured by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Effect of UTI on ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways was measured by western blot. Results UTI significantly decreased the brain water content and extravasation of the Evans blue dye. This attenuation was associated with decreased activation of the astrocytes and ET-1. UTI treatment decreased ERK and Akt activation and inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory VEGF and MMP-9. Conclusion UTI can alleviate brain edema resulting from TBI by inhibiting astrocyte activation and ET-1 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xing-Zhi Liao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mai-Tao Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Wang J, Bai T, Wang N, Li H, Guo X. Neuroprotective potential of imatinib in global ischemia-reperfusion-induced cerebral injury: possible role of Janus-activated kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and connexin 43. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 24:11-18. [PMID: 31908570 PMCID: PMC6940502 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to explore the neuroprotective role of imatinib in global ischemia-reperfusion-induced cerebral injury along with possible mechanisms. Global ischemia was induced in mice by bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 20 min, which was followed by reperfusion for 24 h by restoring the blood flow to the brain. The extent of cerebral injury was assessed after 24 h of global ischemia by measuring the locomotor activity (actophotometer test), motor coordination (inclined beam walking test), neurological severity score, learning and memory (object recognition test) and cerebral infarction (triphenyl tetrazolium chloride stain). Ischemia-reperfusion injury produced significant cerebral infarction, impaired the behavioral parameters and decreased the expression of connexin 43 and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) in the brain. A single dose administration of imatinib (20 and 40 mg/kg) attenuated ischemia-reperfusion-induced behavioral deficits and the extent of cerebral infarction along with the restoration of connexin 43 and p-STAT3 levels. However, administration of AG490, a selective Janus-activated kinase 2 (JAK2)/STAT3 inhibitor, abolished the neuroprotective actions of imatinib and decreased the expression of connexin 43 and p-STAT3. It is concluded that imatinib has the potential of attenuating global ischemia-reperfusion-induced cerebral injury, which may be possibly attributed to activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway along with the increase in the expression of connexin 43.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Taomin Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nana Wang
- Central Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
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Yang T, Zhang F. Targeting Transcription Factor Nrf2 (Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2) for the Intervention of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 41:97-116. [PMID: 33054394 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is an age-related, mild to severe mental disability due to a broad panel of cerebrovascular disorders. Its pathobiology involves neurovascular dysfunction, blood-brain barrier disruption, white matter damage, microRNAs, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and gut microbiota alterations, etc. Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is the master regulator of redox status and controls the transcription of a panel of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory genes. By interacting with NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB), Nrf2 also fine-tunes the cellular oxidative and inflammatory balance. Aging is associated with Nrf2 dysfunction, and increasing evidence has proved the role of Nrf2 in mitigating the VCID process. Based on VCID pathobiologies and Nrf2 studies from VCID and other brain diseases, we point out several hypothetical Nrf2 targets for VCID management, including restoration of endothelial function and neurovascular coupling, preservation of blood-brain barrier integrity, reduction of amyloidopathy, promoting white matter integrity, and mitigating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Collectively, the Nrf2 pathway could be a promising direction for future VCID research. Targeting Nrf2 would shed light on VCID managing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Yang
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh, PA
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Zuhra K, Augsburger F, Majtan T, Szabo C. Cystathionine-β-Synthase: Molecular Regulation and Pharmacological Inhibition. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E697. [PMID: 32365821 PMCID: PMC7277093 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), the first (and rate-limiting) enzyme in the transsulfuration pathway, is an important mammalian enzyme in health and disease. Its biochemical functions under physiological conditions include the metabolism of homocysteine (a cytotoxic molecule and cardiovascular risk factor) and the generation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous biological mediator with multiple regulatory roles in the vascular, nervous, and immune system. CBS is up-regulated in several diseases, including Down syndrome and many forms of cancer; in these conditions, the preclinical data indicate that inhibition or inactivation of CBS exerts beneficial effects. This article overviews the current information on the expression, tissue distribution, physiological roles, and biochemistry of CBS, followed by a comprehensive overview of direct and indirect approaches to inhibit the enzyme. Among the small-molecule CBS inhibitors, the review highlights the specificity and selectivity problems related to many of the commonly used "CBS inhibitors" (e.g., aminooxyacetic acid) and provides a comprehensive review of their pharmacological actions under physiological conditions and in various disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Zuhra
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
| | - Fiona Augsburger
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
| | - Tomas Majtan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
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