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Verma S, Singh V, Nagampalli V, Ponsky LE, Li CSR, Chao H, Gupta S. Ligand-gated ion channels as potential biomarkers for ADT-mediated cognitive decline in prostate cancer patients. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1051-1063. [PMID: 38482990 PMCID: PMC11096008 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Men with prostate cancer are at increased risk of developing cognitive decline by the use of second-generation androgen signaling inhibitors. To date, reliable and sensitive biomarkers that could distinguish men at high risk of cognitive dysfunction under androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) have not been characterized. We used high-throughput transcriptional profiling utilizing human prostate cancer cell culture models mimicking ADT, biomarker selection using minimal common oncology data elements-cytoscape, and bioinformatic analyses employing Advaita® iPathwayGuide and DisGeNET for identification of disease-related gene associations. Validation analysis of genes was performed on brain neuronal and glial cells by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Our systematic analysis of androgen deprivation-associated genes involved multiple biological processes, including neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, axon guidance, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and metabolic and cancer signaling pathways. Genes associated with neuroreceptor ligand interaction, including gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A and B receptors and nuclear core proteins, were identified as top upstream regulators. Functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction network analysis highlighted the role of ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) and their receptors in cognitive dysfunction. Gene-disease association assigned forgetfulness, intellectual disability, visuospatial deficit, bipolar disorder, and other neurocognitive impairment with upregulation of type-1 angiotensin II receptor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, GABA type B receptor subunit 2 (GABBR2), GABRA3, GABRA5, GABRB1, glycine receptor beta, glutamate ionotropic receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA) type subunit 1, glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2D, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D, interferon beta 1, and nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 as top differentially expressed genes. Validation studies of brain glial cells, neurons, and patients on ADT demonstrated the association of these genes with cognitive decline. Our findings highlight LGICs as potential biomarkers for ADT-mediated cognitive decline. Further validation of these biomarkers may lead to future practical clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Verma
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Vaibhav Singh
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | | | - Lee E Ponsky
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Herta Chao
- Department of Medicine & Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
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Rymbai E, Sugumar D, Chakkittukandiyil A, Kothandan R, Selvaraj D. Molecular insights into the potential effects of selective estrogen receptor β agonists in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4014. [PMID: 38616346 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common neurodegenerative disorders. Pathologically, AD and PD are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded proteins. Hence, they are also called as proteinopathy diseases. Gender is considered as one of the risk factors in both diseases. Estrogens are widely accepted to be neuroprotective in several neurodegenerative disorders. Estrogens can be produced in the central nervous system, where they are called as neurosteroids. Estrogens mediate their neuroprotective action mainly through their actions on estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ). However, ERα is mainly involved in the growth and development of the primary and secondary sexual organs in females. Hence, the activation of ERα is associated with undesired side effects such as gynecomastia and increase in the risk of breast cancer, thromboembolism, and feminization. Therefore, selective activation of ERβ is often considered to be safer. In this review, we explore the role of ERβ in regulating the expression and functions of AD- and PD-associated genes. Additionally, we discuss the association of these genes with the amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) and α-synuclein mediated toxicity. Ultimately, we established a correlation between the importance of ERβ activation and the process underlying ERβ's neuroprotective mechanisms in AD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emdormi Rymbai
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepa Sugumar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amritha Chakkittukandiyil
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ram Kothandan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Divakar Selvaraj
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Tamil Nadu, India
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Tripathi A, Pandey VK, Sharma G, Sharma AR, Taufeeq A, Jha AK, Kim JC. Genomic Insights into Dementia: Precision Medicine and the Impact of Gene-Environment Interaction. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0322. [PMID: 38607741 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis, treatment, and management of dementia provide significant challenges due to its chronic cognitive impairment. The complexity of this condition is further highlighted by the impact of gene-environment interactions. A recent strategy combines advanced genomics and precision medicine methods to explore the complex genetic foundations of dementia. Utilizing the most recent research in the field of neurogenetics, the importance of precise genetic data in explaining the variation seen in dementia patients can be investigated. Gene-environment interactions are important because they influence genetic susceptibilities and aid in the development and progression of dementia. Modified to each patient's genetic profile, precision medicine has the potential to detect groups at risk and make previously unheard-of predictions about the course of diseases. Precision medicine techniques have the potential to completely transform treatment and diagnosis methods. Targeted medications that target genetic abnormalities will probably appear, providing the possibility for more efficient and customized medical interventions. Investigating the relationship between genes and the environment may lead to preventive measures that would enable people to change their surroundings and minimize the risk of dementia, leading to the improved lifestyle of affected people. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the genomic insights into dementia, emphasizing the pivotal role of precision medicine, and gene-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Pandey
- Division of Research & Innovation (DRI), School of Applied & Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Garima Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Science & Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashish Ranjan Sharma
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Anam Taufeeq
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rama University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhimanyu Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jin-Chul Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science & Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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4
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Qin H, Zhou L, Haque FT, Martin-Jimenez C, Trang A, Benveniste EN, Wang Q. Diverse signaling mechanisms and heterogeneity of astrocyte reactivity in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2023. [PMID: 37932959 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects various brain cell types, including astrocytes, which are the most abundant cell types in the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes not only provide homeostatic support to neurons but also actively regulate synaptic signaling and functions and become reactive in response to CNS insults through diverse signaling pathways including the JAK/STAT, NF-κB, and GPCR-elicited pathways. The advent of new technology for transcriptomic profiling at the single-cell level has led to increasing recognition of the highly versatile nature of reactive astrocytes and the context-dependent specificity of astrocyte reactivity. In AD, reactive astrocytes have long been observed in senile plaques and have recently been suggested to play a role in AD pathogenesis and progression. However, the precise contributions of reactive astrocytes to AD remain elusive, and targeting this complex cell population for AD treatment poses significant challenges. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of astrocyte reactivity and its role in AD, with a particular focus on the signaling pathways that promote astrocyte reactivity and the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes. Furthermore, we explore potential implications for the development of therapeutics for AD. Our objective is to shed light on the complex involvement of astrocytes in AD and offer insights into potential therapeutic targets and strategies for treating and managing this devastating neurodegenerative disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Qin
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lianna Zhou
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Faris T Haque
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Cynthia Martin-Jimenez
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Amy Trang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Etty N Benveniste
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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5
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Lee WP, Choi SH, Shea MG, Cheng PL, Dombroski BA, Pitsillides AN, Heard-Costa NL, Wang H, Bulekova K, Kuzma AB, Leung YY, Farrell JJ, Lin H, Naj A, Blue EE, Nusetor F, Wang D, Boerwinkle E, Bush WS, Zhang X, De Jager PL, Dupuis J, Farrer LA, Fornage M, Martin E, Pericak-Vance M, Seshadri S, Wijsman EM, Wang LS, Schellenberg GD, Destefano AL, Haines JL, Peloso GM. Association of Common and Rare Variants with Alzheimer's Disease in over 13,000 Diverse Individuals with Whole-Genome Sequencing from the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.01.23294953. [PMID: 37693521 PMCID: PMC10491367 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.01.23294953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a common disorder of the elderly that is both highly heritable and genetically heterogeneous. Here, we investigated the association between AD and both common variants and aggregates of rare coding and noncoding variants in 13,371 individuals of diverse ancestry with whole genome sequence (WGS) data. Pooled-population analyses identified genetic variants in or near APOE, BIN1, and LINC00320 significantly associated with AD (p < 5×10-8). Population-specific analyses identified a haplotype on chromosome 14 including PSEN1 associated with AD in Hispanics, further supported by aggregate testing of rare coding and noncoding variants in this region. Finally, we observed suggestive associations (p < 5×10-5) of aggregates of rare coding rare variants in ABCA7 among non-Hispanic Whites (p=5.4×10-6), and rare noncoding variants in the promoter of TOMM40 distinct of APOE in pooled-population analyses (p=7.2×10-8). Complementary pooled-population and population-specific analyses offered unique insights into the genetic architecture of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ping Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Seung Hoan Choi
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret G Shea
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Po-Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Beth A Dombroski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Nancy L Heard-Costa
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katia Bulekova
- Research Computing Services, Information Services & Technology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amanda B Kuzma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yuk Yee Leung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John J Farrell
- Biomedical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Adam Naj
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Blue
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frederick Nusetor
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dongyu Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William S Bush
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Biomedical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Biomedical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eden Martin
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miami, FL, USA
- John T Macdonald Department of Human Genetics, Miami, FL, USA
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Margaret Pericak-Vance
- John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miami, FL, USA
- John T Macdonald Department of Human Genetics, Miami, FL, USA
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ellen M Wijsman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Li-San Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anita L Destefano
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gina M Peloso
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Theron D, Hopkins LN, Sutherland HG, Griffiths LR, Fernandez F. Can Genetic Markers Predict the Sporadic Form of Alzheimer's Disease? An Updated Review on Genetic Peripheral Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13480. [PMID: 37686283 PMCID: PMC10488021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Although the research over the last decades has provided new insight into AD pathophysiology, there is currently no cure for the disease. AD is often only diagnosed once the symptoms have become prominent, particularly in the late-onset (sporadic) form of AD. Consequently, it is essential to further new avenues for early diagnosis. With recent advances in genomic analysis and a lower cost of use, the exploration of genetic markers alongside RNA molecules can offer a key avenue for early diagnosis. We have here provided a brief overview of potential genetic markers differentially expressed in peripheral tissues in AD cases compared to controls, as well as considering the changes to the dynamics of RNA molecules. By integrating both genotype and RNA changes reported in AD, biomarker profiling can be key for developing reliable AD diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danelda Theron
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, QLD 4014, Australia;
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Lloyd N. Hopkins
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Heidi G. Sutherland
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Lyn R. Griffiths
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
| | - Francesca Fernandez
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Heath Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Banyo, QLD 4014, Australia;
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia; (L.N.H.); (H.G.S.); (L.R.G.)
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Alsaqati M, Thomas RS, Kidd EJ. Upregulation of endocytic protein expression in the Alzheimer's disease male human brain. AGING BRAIN 2023; 4:100084. [PMID: 37449017 PMCID: PMC10336166 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2023.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Aβ) is produced from amyloid precursor protein (APP) primarily after APP is internalised by endocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytic processes are altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is also evidence that cholesterol and flotillin affect APP endocytosis. We hypothesised that endocytic protein expression would be altered in the brains of people with AD compared to non-diseased subjects which could be linked to increased Aβ generation. We compared protein expression in frontal cortex samples from men with AD compared to age-matched, non-diseased controls. Soluble and insoluble Aβ40 and Aβ42, the soluble Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, βCTF, BACE1, presenilin-1 and the ratio of phosphorylated:total GSK3β were significantly increased while the insoluble Aβ42:Aβ40 ratio was significantly decreased in AD brains. Total and phosphorylated tau were markedly increased in AD brains. Significant increases in clathrin, AP2, PICALM isoform 4, Rab-5 and caveolin-1 and 2 were seen in AD brains but BIN1 was decreased. However, using immunohistochemistry, caveolin-1 and 2 were decreased. The results obtained here suggest an overall increase in endocytosis in the AD brain, explaining, at least in part, the increased production of Aβ during AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emma J. Kidd
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
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Miao J, Ma H, Yang Y, Liao Y, Lin C, Zheng J, Yu M, Lan J. Microglia in Alzheimer's disease: pathogenesis, mechanisms, and therapeutic potentials. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1201982. [PMID: 37396657 PMCID: PMC10309009 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1201982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by protein aggregation in the brain. Recent studies have revealed the critical role of microglia in AD pathogenesis. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current understanding of microglial involvement in AD, focusing on genetic determinants, phenotypic state, phagocytic capacity, neuroinflammatory response, and impact on synaptic plasticity and neuronal regulation. Furthermore, recent developments in drug discovery targeting microglia in AD are reviewed, highlighting potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. This review emphasizes the essential role of microglia in AD and provides insights into potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifei Miao
- Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haixia Ma
- Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanpin Liao
- Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cui Lin
- Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Juanxia Zheng
- Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Muli Yu
- Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiao Lan
- Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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9
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Nott A, Holtman IR. Genetic insights into immune mechanisms of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1168539. [PMID: 37359515 PMCID: PMC10285485 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1168539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia, the macrophages of the brain, are vital for brain homeostasis and have been implicated in a broad range of brain disorders. Neuroinflammation has gained traction as a possible therapeutic target for neurodegeneration, however, the precise function of microglia in specific neurodegenerative disorders is an ongoing area of research. Genetic studies offer valuable insights into understanding causality, rather than merely observing a correlation. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many genetic loci that are linked to susceptibility to neurodegenerative disorders. (Post)-GWAS studies have determined that microglia likely play an important role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The process of understanding how individual GWAS risk loci affect microglia function and mediate susceptibility is complex. A rapidly growing number of publications with genomic datasets and computational tools have formulated new hypotheses that guide the biological interpretation of AD and PD genetic risk. In this review, we discuss the key concepts and challenges in the post-GWAS interpretation of AD and PD GWAS risk alleles. Post-GWAS challenges include the identification of target cell (sub)type(s), causal variants, and target genes. Crucially, the prediction of GWAS-identified disease-risk cell types, variants and genes require validation and functional testing to understand the biological consequences within the pathology of the disorders. Many AD and PD risk genes are highly pleiotropic and perform multiple important functions that might not be equally relevant for the mechanisms by which GWAS risk alleles exert their effect(s). Ultimately, many GWAS risk alleles exert their effect by changing microglia function, thereby altering the pathophysiology of these disorders, and hence, we believe that modelling this context is crucial for a deepened understanding of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexi Nott
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Inge R. Holtman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Section Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Latina V, Atlante A, Malerba F, La Regina F, Balzamino BO, Micera A, Pignataro A, Stigliano E, Cavallaro S, Calissano P, Amadoro G. The Cleavage-Specific Tau 12A12mAb Exerts an Anti-Amyloidogenic Action by Modulating the Endocytic and Bioenergetic Pathways in Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119683. [PMID: 37298634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Beyond deficits in hippocampal-dependent episodic memory, Alzheimer's Disease (AD) features sensory impairment in visual cognition consistent with extensive neuropathology in the retina. 12A12 is a monoclonal cleavage specific antibody (mAb) that in vivo selectively neutralizes the AD-relevant, harmful N-terminal 20-22 kDa tau fragment(s) (i.e., NH2htau) without affecting the full-length normal protein. When systemically injected into the Tg2576 mouse model overexpressing a mutant form of Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP), APPK670/671L linked to early onset familial AD, this conformation-specific tau mAb successfully reduces the NH2htau accumulating both in their brain and retina and, thus, markedly alleviates the phenotype-associated signs. By means of a combined biochemical and metabolic experimental approach, we report that 12A12mAb downregulates the steady state expression levels of APP and Beta-Secretase 1 (BACE-1) and, thus, limits the Amyloid beta (Aβ) production both in the hippocampus and retina from this AD animal model. The local, antibody-mediated anti-amyloidogenic action is paralleled in vivo by coordinated modulation of the endocytic (BIN1, RIN3) and bioenergetic (glycolysis and L-Lactate) pathways. These findings indicate for the first time that similar molecular and metabolic retino-cerebral pathways are modulated in a coordinated fashion in response to 12A12mAb treatment to tackle the neurosensorial Aβ accumulation in AD neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Latina
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Atlante
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Malerba
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico La Regina
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Bijorn Omar Balzamino
- Research Laboratories in Ophthalmology, IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Via Santo Stefano Rotondo 6, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Micera
- Research Laboratories in Ophthalmology, IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Via Santo Stefano Rotondo 6, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Annabella Pignataro
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Egidio Stigliano
- Area of Pathology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Cavallaro
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Pietro Calissano
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Amadoro
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
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11
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Andrade-Guerrero J, Santiago-Balmaseda A, Jeronimo-Aguilar P, Vargas-Rodríguez I, Cadena-Suárez AR, Sánchez-Garibay C, Pozo-Molina G, Méndez-Catalá CF, Cardenas-Aguayo MDC, Diaz-Cintra S, Pacheco-Herrero M, Luna-Muñoz J, Soto-Rojas LO. Alzheimer's Disease: An Updated Overview of Its Genetics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043754. [PMID: 36835161 PMCID: PMC9966419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the world. It is classified as familial and sporadic. The dominant familial or autosomal presentation represents 1-5% of the total number of cases. It is categorized as early onset (EOAD; <65 years of age) and presents genetic mutations in presenilin 1 (PSEN1), presenilin 2 (PSEN2), or the Amyloid precursor protein (APP). Sporadic AD represents 95% of the cases and is categorized as late-onset (LOAD), occurring in patients older than 65 years of age. Several risk factors have been identified in sporadic AD; aging is the main one. Nonetheless, multiple genes have been associated with the different neuropathological events involved in LOAD, such as the pathological processing of Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide and Tau protein, as well as synaptic and mitochondrial dysfunctions, neurovascular alterations, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, among others. Interestingly, using genome-wide association study (GWAS) technology, many polymorphisms associated with LOAD have been identified. This review aims to analyze the new genetic findings that are closely related to the pathophysiology of AD. Likewise, it analyzes the multiple mutations identified to date through GWAS that are associated with a high or low risk of developing this neurodegeneration. Understanding genetic variability will allow for the identification of early biomarkers and opportune therapeutic targets for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Andrade-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edomex, Mexico
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Alberto Santiago-Balmaseda
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edomex, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edomex, Mexico
| | - Paola Jeronimo-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edomex, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edomex, Mexico
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Isaac Vargas-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Ana Ruth Cadena-Suárez
- National Dementia BioBank, Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad-Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuatitlan 53150, Edomex, Mexico
| | - Carlos Sánchez-Garibay
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Ciudad de México 14269, Mexico
| | - Glustein Pozo-Molina
- Laboratorio de Genética y Oncología Molecular, Laboratorio 5, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edomex, Mexico
| | - Claudia Fabiola Méndez-Catalá
- Laboratorio de Genética y Oncología Molecular, Laboratorio 5, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edomex, Mexico
- División de Investigación y Posgrado, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edomex, Mexico
| | - Maria-del-Carmen Cardenas-Aguayo
- Laboratory of Cellular Reprogramming, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Sofía Diaz-Cintra
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Mar Pacheco-Herrero
- Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, Santiago de los Caballeros 51000, Dominican Republic
| | - José Luna-Muñoz
- National Dementia BioBank, Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad-Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuatitlan 53150, Edomex, Mexico
- National Brain Bank-UNPHU, Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña, Santo Domingo 1423, Dominican Republic
- Correspondence: (J.L.-M.); (L.O.S.-R.); Tel.: +52-55-45-23-41-20 (J.L.-M.); +52-55-39-37-94-30 (L.O.S.-R.)
| | - Luis O. Soto-Rojas
- Laboratorio de Patogénesis Molecular, Laboratorio 4, Edificio A4, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edomex, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Carrera Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Edomex, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.L.-M.); (L.O.S.-R.); Tel.: +52-55-45-23-41-20 (J.L.-M.); +52-55-39-37-94-30 (L.O.S.-R.)
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12
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Heal M, McFall GP, Vergote D, Jhamandas JH, Westaway D, Dixon RA. Bridging Integrator 1 (BIN1, rs6733839) and Sex Are Moderators of Vascular Health Predictions of Memory Aging Trajectories. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:265-281. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: A promising risk loci for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Bridging Integrator 1 (BIN1), is thought to operate through the tau pathology pathway. Objective: We examine BIN1 risk for a moderating role with vascular health (pulse pressure; PP) and sex in predictions of episodic memory trajectories in asymptomatic aging adults. Methods: The sample included 623 participants (Baseline Mean age = 70.1; 66.8% female) covering a 44-year longitudinal band (53–97 years). With an established memory latent variable arrayed as individualized trajectories, we applied Mplus 8.5 to determine the best fitting longitudinal growth model. Main analyses were conducted in three sequential phases to investigate: 1) memory trajectory prediction by PP, 2) moderation by BIN1 genetic risk, and 3) stratification by sex. Results: We first confirmed that good vascular health (lower PP) was associated with higher memory level and shallower decline and males were more severely affected by worsening PP in both memory performance and longitudinal decline. Second, the PP prediction of memory trajectories was significant for BIN1 C/C and C/T carriers but not for persons with the highest AD risk (T/T homozygotes). Third, when further stratified by sex, the BIN1 moderation of memory prediction by PP was selective for females. Conclusion: We observed a novel interaction whereby BIN1 (linked with tauopathy in AD) and sex sequentially moderated a benchmark PP prediction of differential memory decline in asymptomatic aging. This multi-modal biomarker interaction approach, disaggregated by sex, can be an effective method for enhancing precision of AD genetic risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie Heal
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - G. Peggy McFall
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - David Vergote
- Faculté Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jack H. Jhamandas
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - David Westaway
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Center for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roger A. Dixon
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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13
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Xin Y, Sheng J, Miao M, Wang L, Yang Z, Huang H. A review ofimaging genetics in Alzheimer's disease. J Clin Neurosci 2022; 100:155-163. [PMID: 35487021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Determining the association between genetic variation and phenotype is a key step to study the mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD), laying the foundation for studying drug therapies and biomarkers. AD is the most common type of dementia in the aged population. At present, three early-onset AD genes (APP, PSEN1, PSEN2) and one late-onset AD susceptibility gene apolipoprotein E (APOE) have been determined. However, the pathogenesis of AD remains unknown. Imaging genetics, an emerging interdisciplinary field, is able to reveal the complex mechanisms from the genetic level to human cognition and mental disorders via macroscopic intermediates. This paper reviews methods of establishing genotype-phenotype to explore correlations, including sparse canonical correlation analysis, sparse reduced rank regression, sparse partial least squares and so on. We found that most research work did poorly in supervised learning and exploring the nonlinear relationship between SNP-QT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xin
- College of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Image Analysis for Sensory and Cognitive Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Jinhua Sheng
- College of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Image Analysis for Sensory and Cognitive Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Miao Miao
- Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, China; National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, China; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Luyun Wang
- College of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Image Analysis for Sensory and Cognitive Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Hangzhou Vocational & Technical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Ze Yang
- College of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Image Analysis for Sensory and Cognitive Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - He Huang
- College of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Key Laboratory of Intelligent Image Analysis for Sensory and Cognitive Health, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
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14
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Zhu J, Liu X, Yin H, Gao Y, Yu H. Convergent lines of evidence support BIN1 as a risk gene of Alzheimer's disease. Hum Genomics 2021; 15:9. [PMID: 33516273 PMCID: PMC7847034 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-021-00307-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several susceptibility loci of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which were mainly located in noncoding regions of the genome. Meanwhile, the putative biological mechanisms underlying AD susceptibility loci were still unclear. At present, identifying the functional variants of AD pathogenesis remains a major challenge. Herein, we first used summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) with AD GWAS summary and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data to identify variants who affects expression levels of nearby genes and contributed to the risk of AD. Using the SMR integrative analysis, we totally identified 14 SNPs significantly affected the expression level of 16 nearby genes in blood or brain tissues and contributed to the AD risk. Then, to confirm the results, we replicated the GWAS and eQTL results across multiple samples. Totally, four risk SNP (rs11682128, rs601945, rs3935067, and rs679515) were validated to be associated with AD and affected the expression level of nearby genes (BIN1, HLA-DRA, EPHA1-AS1, and CR1). Besides, our differential expression analysis showed that the BIN1 gene was significantly downregulated in the hippocampus (P = 2.0 × 10-3) and survived after multiple comparisons. These convergent lines of evidence suggest that the BIN1 gene identified by SMR has potential roles in the pathogenesis of AD. Further investigation of the roles of the BIN1 gene in the pathogenesis of AD is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, 133 He Hua Road, Jining, 272067 Shandong China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Psychiatric Hospital, Jining, 272051 Shandong China
| | - Hongtao Yin
- Department of Neurology, Zibo Central Hospital, 54 Gongqingtuan Xi Road, Zibo, 255036 China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, 133 He Hua Road, Jining, 272067 Shandong China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, 133 He Hua Road, Jining, 272067 Shandong China
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15
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Li X, Zhang Y, Chen X, Yuan H, Wang Z, Wang G, Zhang K, Liu H. Association of Gene Polymorphisms in APOE and BIN1 With Dementia of Alzheimer's Type Susceptibility in Chinese Han Population. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:753909. [PMID: 34733192 PMCID: PMC8558379 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.753909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) is the most common chronic neurodegenerative disease. At present, the pathogenesis of DAT is not completely clear, and there are no drugs that can cure the disease. Once an individual is diagnosed with DAT, the survival time is only 3 to 9 years. Therefore, there is an urgent need to determine the etiology of DAT and the associated influencing factors to find a breakthrough in the treatment of DAT. Methods: We studied the relationship between polymorphisms in several genes (including BIN1 and APOE) and DAT susceptibility and the effects of sex differences on DAT. Our study included 137 patients with DAT and 509 healthy controls (HCs). Results: The APOE rs429358 polymorphism CC and CT genotypes were associated with an increased risk of DAT in women. We found a significant association between APOE ε4 and DAT. The frequency of the ε4 allele in the DAT group (15.5%) was higher than that in the HC group (8.7%). The BIN1 rs7561528 polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of DAT in men. Conclusions: APOE gene rs429358 and BIN1 gene 7561528 genes may affect the susceptibility to DAT in a Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yelei Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hongwei Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huanzhong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Psychiatric Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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