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Hou Y, Ren K, Wei Y, Yang D, Cui Z, Wang K. Opening a Band Gap in Biphenylene Monolayer via Strain: A First-Principles Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104178. [PMID: 37241918 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A biphenylene network is a novel 2D allotropy of carbon with periodic 4-6-8 rings, which was synthesized successfully in 2021. In recent years, although the mechanical properties and thermal transport received a lot of research attention, how to open the Dirac cone in the band structure of a biphenylene network is still a confused question. In this work, we utilized uniaxial and biaxial lattice strains to manipulate the electronic properties and phonon frequencies of biphenylene, and we found an indirect band gap under 10% biaxial strain through the first-principles calculations. This indirect band gap is caused by the competition between the band-edge state A and the Dirac cone for the conduction band minimum (CBM). Additionally, the lightest carrier's effective mass in biphenylene is 0.184 m0 for electrons along x (Γ→X) direction, while the effective mass for holes shows a remarkable anisotropy, suggesting the holes in the tensile biphenylene monolayer are confined within a one-dimensional chain along x direction. For phonon dispersion, we discovered that the Raman-active Ag3 phonon mode shows a robust single phonon mode character under both compressive and tensile strain, but its frequency is sensitive to lattice strain, suggesting the lattice strain in biphenylene can be identified by Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlong Hou
- School of Automation, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China
| | - Kai Ren
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Yu Wei
- School of Automation, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China
| | - Dan Yang
- School of Automation, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China
| | - Zhen Cui
- School of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Automation, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China
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Abstract
This review summarizes the results on the aromaticity of a series of synthesized and hypothetical neutral heterocirculene molecules and their double charged ions. The aromaticity of heterocirculenes is a direct reflection of their electronic structure responsible for the specific optoelectronic and photophysical properties. We show how the presence of a heteroatom in the outer macrocycle affects the aromaticity of hetero[8]circulenes. In addition, we also describe the change in aromaticity and strain energy for a series of the “lower” (n < 8) and “higher” (n > 8) hetero[n]circulenes. It was demonstrated that the loss of planarity with increased strain leads to an increased antiaromaticity of the lower hetero[n]circulenes, whereas higher hetero[n]circulenes demonstrate a more pronounced aromatic nature because of the small departure from planarity of each heteroarene ring in hetero[n]circulene molecule. Finally, we discuss the aromatic nature of the first examples of π-extended hetero[8]circulenes.
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3
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Pedersen SK, Pedersen VBR, Kamounah FS, Broløs LM, Baryshnikov GV, Valiev RR, Ivaniuk K, Stakhira P, Minaev B, Karaush-Karmazin N, Ågren H, Pittelkow M. Dianthracenylazatrioxa[8]circulene: Synthesis, Characterization and Application in OLEDs. Chemistry 2021; 27:11609-11617. [PMID: 33899273 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A soluble, green-blue fluorescent, π-extended azatrioxa[8]circulene was synthesized by oxidative condensation of a 3,6-dihydroxycarbazole and 1,4-anthraquinone by using benzofuran scaffolding. This is the first circulene to incorporate anthracene within its carbon framework. Solvent-dependent fluorescence and bright green electroluminescence accompanied by excimer emission are the key optical properties of this material. The presence of sliding π-stacked columns in the single crystal of dianthracenylazatrioxa[8]circulene is found to cause a very high electron-hopping rate, thus making this material a promising n-type organic semiconductor with an electron mobility predicted to be around 2.26 cm2 V-1 s-1 . The best organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device based on the dianthracenylazatrioxa[8]circulene fluorescent emitter has a brightness of around 16 000 Cd m-2 and an external quantum efficiency of 3.3 %. Quantum dot-based OLEDs were fabricated by using dianthracenylazatrioxa[8]circulene as a host matrix material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan K Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Viktor B R Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Fadhil S Kamounah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Line M Broløs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Glib V Baryshnikov
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.,Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Rashid R Valiev
- Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtanens plats 1), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Khrystyna Ivaniuk
- Lviv Polytechnic National University S. Bandera 12, 79013, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Pavlo Stakhira
- Lviv Polytechnic National University S. Bandera 12, 79013, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Boris Minaev
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University, 18031, Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya Karaush-Karmazin
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University, 18031, Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Hans Ågren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P.R. China.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael Pittelkow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Fukuzumi K, Nishii Y, Miura M. Composite Tetraheteroarylenes and Related Higher Cyclic Oligomers of Heteroarenes Produced by Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Coupling. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keita Fukuzumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishii
- Frontier Research Base for Global Young Researchers, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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6
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Karaush-Karmazin NN, Baryshnikov GV, Valiulina LI, Valiev R, Ågren H, Minaev BF. Impact of heteroatoms (S, Se, and Te) on the aromaticity of heterocirculenes. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02468a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Computations reveal the structural and energetic aspects of aromaticity in heterocirculenes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gleb V. Baryshnikov
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science
- Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University
- Cherkasy
- Ukraine
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry
| | | | - Rashid Valiev
- Tomsk Polytechnic University
- 634050 Tomsk
- Russia
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research
- Faculty of Science
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry
- Biotechnology and Health
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Boris F. Minaev
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science
- Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University
- Cherkasy
- Ukraine
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Abdukadir A, Mattursun A, Kerim A, Omar K, Hushur L. A study of the aromaticity of heteroannelated cyclooctatetraene derivatives. J Mol Model 2018; 24:123. [PMID: 29721619 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3659-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aromaticity of the rings of thiophene, pyrrole, furan, and benzene annelated cyclooctatetraene (COT) derivatives and of their double charged ions was studied using the graph-theoretical theory of aromaticity. On the basis of topological resonance energy, it was found that the global aromaticity is dependent upon on the arrangement of heteroatoms in the given molecule. Relative stability of these molecules when in different charged states can been explained in terms of the topological charge stabilization rule. We expect that fusing the COT ring with an increasing number of aromatic rings will lead to an increase in the aromaticity of the molecule. According to the bond resonance energy (BRE) and circuit resonance energy (CRE) indices, local antiaromaticity of the COT ring is weakened as the number of fused rings increases, and these changes play a significant role in the global aromaticity of the molecule. For some compounds, our BRE and CRE indices do not predict the same order of magnitude of the local aromatic character of certain rings that the nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS(0) and (NICS(1)) methods predict. Finally, for the available compounds, correlations between the diatropic and paratropic chemical shifts of the protons and our ring current results were analyzed and good agreement was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ablimit Abdukadir
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Aygul Mattursun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Ablikim Kerim
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China.
| | - Kamalbek Omar
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Lutpulla Hushur
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
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8
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Karaush NN, Baryshnikov GV, Minaeva VA, Ågren H, Minaev BF. Recent progress in quantum chemistry of hetero[8]circulenes. Mol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2017.1287438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya N. Karaush
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bogdan Khmelnitsky National University, Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Gleb V. Baryshnikov
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bogdan Khmelnitsky National University, Cherkasy, Ukraine
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valentina A. Minaeva
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bogdan Khmelnitsky National University, Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boris F. Minaev
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bogdan Khmelnitsky National University, Cherkasy, Ukraine
- Department of Physics, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
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9
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Baryshnikov GV, Valiev RR, Karaush NN, Sundholm D, Minaev BF. Aromaticity of the doubly charged [8]circulenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:8980-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00365f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnetically induced current densities and current pathways have been calculated for a series of fully annelated dicationic and dianionic tetraphenylenes, which are also named [8]circulenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb V. Baryshnikov
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology
- School of Biotechnology
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Rashid R. Valiev
- Tomsk Polytechnic University
- Tomsk
- Russia
- Tomsk State University
- Tomsk
| | - Nataliya N. Karaush
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Bohdan Khmelnitsky National University
- Cherkasy
- Ukraine
| | - Dage Sundholm
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Helsinki
- Helsinki Fin-00014
- Finland
| | - Boris F. Minaev
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Bohdan Khmelnitsky National University
- Cherkasy
- Ukraine
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
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10
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Minaeva VA, Baryshnikov GV, Minaev BF, Karaush NN, Xiong XD, Li MD, Phillips DL, Wong HNC. Structure and spectroscopic characterization of tetrathia- and tetraselena[8]circulenes as a new class of polyaromatic heterocycles. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 151:247-261. [PMID: 26142658 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The FTIR, Raman and UV-vis spectra of the recently synthesized tetrathia[8]circulene and tetraselena[8]circulene compounds have been measured and interpreted in details by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations taking into account the molecular symmetry constrains. The structural and electronic features of the studied compounds have also been discussed in connection with the observed spectroscopic characteristics. Particularly, we have found that despite a slightly non-planar conformation the neutral tetrathia[8]circulene and tetraselena[8]circulene molecules demonstrate bifacial aromatic/antiaromatic nature. The inner octatetraene core is characterized by the presence of paratropic ("antiaromatic") ring currents, whereas the outer macrocycle constructed of benzene, thiophene or selenophene rings possesses the strong magnetically-induced diatropic ("aromatic") ring current. This fact suggests the general electronic and magnetic similarity of the tetrathia- and tetraselena[8]circulenes with the strictly planar isoelectronic tetraoxa[8]circulene and related azaoxa-derivatives discussed earlier. However, the vibrational and UV-vis absorption spectra of the studied circulenes are rather different from those of the parent tetraoxa[8]circulene which indicates a clear manifestation of the symmetry selection rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina A Minaeva
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bogdan Khmelnitsky National University, blvd. Shevchenko 81, 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Gleb V Baryshnikov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bogdan Khmelnitsky National University, blvd. Shevchenko 81, 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine.
| | - Boris F Minaev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bogdan Khmelnitsky National University, blvd. Shevchenko 81, 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine; Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190 Beijing, China
| | - Nataliya N Karaush
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bogdan Khmelnitsky National University, blvd. Shevchenko 81, 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Xiao-Dong Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Center of Novel Functional Molecules, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ming-De Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Henry N C Wong
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Center of Novel Functional Molecules, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Medicinal Organic Molecules & Shenzhen Center of Novel Functional Molecules, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, No. 10, Second Yuexing Road, Shenzhen 518507, China
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Karaush NN, Valiev RR, Baryshnikov GV, Minaev BF, Ågren H. DFT simulation of the heteroannelated octatetraenes vibronic spectra with the Franck–Condon and Herzberg–Teller approaches including Duschinsky effect. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Baryshnikov GV, Minaev BF, Minaeva VA. Electronic structure, aromaticity and spectra of hetero[8]circulenes. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Karaush NN, Baryshnikov GV, Minaeva VA, Minaev BF. A DFT and QTAIM study of the novel d-block metal complexes with tetraoxa[8]circulene-based ligands. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01255d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The transition metal complexes with the tetraoxa[8]circulene-based ligand are designed. The complexation process strictly depends on matching of the d-metal cation size to the size of the tetraoxa[8]circulene formed cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Boris F. Minaev
- Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University
- Cherkasy
- Ukraine
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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Xiong X, Deng CL, Minaev BF, Baryshnikov GV, Peng XS, Wong HNC. Tetrathio and Tetraseleno[8]circulenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Properties. Chem Asian J 2014; 10:969-75. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201403028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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