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Harkko J, Sipilä N, Nordquist H, Lallukka T, Appelqvist-Schmidlechner K, Donnelly M, Kouvonen A. External context in individual placement and support implementation: a scoping review with abductive thematic analysis. Implement Sci 2023; 18:61. [PMID: 37946209 PMCID: PMC10636871 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-023-01316-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Context including the external context may considerably affect the adoption, implementation, sustainment, and scale-up of evidence-based practices. We investigated external contextual features by conducting a scoping review of empirical research regarding the implementation of an evidence-based psychiatric or mental health vocational rehabilitation service called Individual Placement and Support (IPS). METHODS The protocol for the scoping review was registered with the Open Science Framework. We used the methodology by Joanna Briggs Institute for conducting the scoping review and reported it according to the PRISMA-ScR checklist. We searched 12 databases for research regarding 'Individual Placement and Support' or 'Evidence-Based Supported Employment'. We retained peer-reviewed empirical studies investigating external contextual factors and their impact on IPS implementation outcomes. We extracted data from the eligible articles and conducted descriptive and thematic analyses. RESULTS Fifty-nine original research papers met our eligibility requirements and were retained after reviewing 1124 titles and abstracts and 119 full texts. The analysis generated two main themes: (1) external contextual determinants of service delivery and (2) external systems influencing the evidence-to-practice process. The first main theme encompassed policies and laws, financing, and administratively instituted support resources, and organizational arrangements associated with external stakeholders that may facilitate or hinder the local implementation. The second main theme comprised strategies and actions used by different stakeholders to facilitate implementation locally or scale-up efforts at a system level. DISCUSSION Our scoping review illustrates the important role that external contextual factors play and how they may facilitate or hinder the implementation and scale-up of the IPS model across mental health services in different countries. Consideration of these factors by decision-makers in mental health and welfare services, planners, providers, and practitioners is likely to facilitate the development of effective strategies for bridging the evidence-practice gap in implementing the EBPs. Finally, the scoping review identified gaps in knowledge and offered suggestions for future research. TRIAL REGISTRATION Open Science Framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Harkko
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Noora Sipilä
- The Equality Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hilla Nordquist
- South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Kotka, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tea Lallukka
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Michael Donnelly
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Anne Kouvonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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Cohen DA, Klodnick VV, Reznik SJ, Lopez MA. Expanding Early Psychosis Care across a Large and Diverse State: Implementation Lessons Learned from Administrative Data and Clinical Team Leads in Texas. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2023; 50:861-875. [PMID: 37530982 PMCID: PMC10543575 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-023-01285-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The U.S. is facing an unprecedented youth mental health crisis. Translating the findings from mental health intervention trials into large scale, accessible community-based services poses substantial challenges. Examination of state actions as a result of research-informed federal policy to improve youth access to quality mental healthcare is necessary. This mixed-methods study examines the implementation of evidence-informed multidisciplinary coordinated specialty care (CSC) for first-episode psychosis (FEP) services across Texas. The study explores CSC service model components, site location and participant characteristics, and implementation barriers. This cross-sectional study analyzes State of Texas public mental health administrative data from 2015 to 2020, including CSC site (n = 23) characteristics and CSC participant (n = 1682) demographics. Texas CSC site contracts were compared to OnTrackNY, a leading CSC model in the U.S. for CSC service element comparison. In-depth interviews with CSC Team Leads (n = 22) were analyzed to further understand CSC service elements and implementation barriers using qualitative content analysis. CSC was implemented across three waves in 2015, 2017, and 2019-serving 1682 participants and families. CSC sites were located in adult mental health programs; approximately one third of CSC participants were under 18 years. CSC implementation challenges reported by Team Leads included: staff role clarification, collaboration and turnover, community outreach and referrals, child and adult service billing issues, and adolescent and family engagement. Study findings have implications for large state-wide evidence-based practice implementation in transition-to-adulthood community mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Cohen
- Dell Medical School Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St., Bldg, B., Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Boulevard, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
- Texas Institute for Excellence in Mental Health, The University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Boulevard, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Vanessa V Klodnick
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Boulevard, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Texas Institute for Excellence in Mental Health, The University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Boulevard, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Samantha J Reznik
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Boulevard, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Texas Institute for Excellence in Mental Health, The University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Boulevard, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Molly A Lopez
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Boulevard, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Texas Institute for Excellence in Mental Health, The University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Boulevard, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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Al-Abdulmunem M, Bond GR, Ressler DR, Becker DR, Swanson SJ, Marbacher J. Individual placement and support programmes for young adults: Where are they and whom do they serve? Early Interv Psychiatry 2023; 17:824-836. [PMID: 37211370 PMCID: PMC10524614 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM Individual Placement and Support (IPS), an evidence-based supported employment model developed for adults with serious mental illness, has been recently targeted to young adults with mental health conditions, but little is known about its adoption in this age group in the United States. METHODS We recruited a volunteer sample of nine IPS programmes in five states serving young adults with mental health conditions aged 16 to 24. IPS team leaders reported programme and participant characteristics and rated barriers to employment and education. RESULTS Most IPS programmes were located in community mental health centres, served a small number of young adults, and received most referrals from external sources. The study sample of 111 participants included 53% female, 47% under 21 years old, 60% diagnosed with a depressive disorder; 92% had an employment goal, and 40% had an education goal. IPS specialists reported that managing mental health symptoms was the most common barrier to achieving employment and education goals. CONCLUSION Future research should examine how IPS programmes could best provide services to young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monirah Al-Abdulmunem
- Social Policy and Economics Research, Westat, Rivermill Commercial Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Gary R. Bond
- Social Policy and Economics Research, Westat, Rivermill Commercial Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Daniel R. Ressler
- Social Policy and Economics Research, Westat, Rivermill Commercial Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Deborah R. Becker
- The IPS Employment Center, Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sarah J. Swanson
- The IPS Employment Center, Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Marbacher
- The IPS Employment Center, Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, USA
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Individual Placement and Support (IPS) for High School Aged Youth: Provider Perspective and Practice. Community Ment Health J 2023; 59:471-476. [PMID: 36205815 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-022-01028-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine Individual Placement and Support (IPS) employment specialists who expanded and enhanced the IPS model for the youngest of working age youth with mental health conditions (ages 16-21). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 100% of the providers delivering IPS-based career services for high school aged youth during an exploratory pilot. Content coding was applied to interview transcripts. Findings reflect the complexities of providing career services to high school age youth, suggesting components needed for effective services. These components include: provision of supports that help youth complete high school and negotiate the transition to college, coaching and skill development to improve executive functioning for work and school, coping skills coaching for mental health symptoms, flexible engagement strategies that assure youth self-determination of goals, longer range career and goal planning, and close collaboration with families.
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Schniedermann I, Dehn LB, Micheel S, Beblo T, Driessen M. Evaluation of a supported education and employment program for adolescents and young adults with mental health problems: A study protocol of the StAB project. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271803. [PMID: 35905081 PMCID: PMC9337640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of mental illnesses begins in childhood, adolescence and young adulthood before the age of 25. The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a particularly vulnerable time for adolescents with mental illness, affecting psychosocial functioning and participation in work life. Therefore, they need—in contrast to classic standard vocational interventions—a long-term, holistic and individually oriented vocational rehabilitation program. With the innovative model project "Start in education and employment (StAB)”, adolescents and young adults with mental illnesses are to be supported with regard to their vocational perspectives and participation by a new type of individualized, holistic, long-term job coaching. It follows the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) concept, as a manualized form of the Supported Employment Approach and is based on the "first place–then train" principle. In order to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of the StAB program, a double-centre prospective single arm evaluation study in a mixed-methods design will be conducted. The focus is on quantitative research analysing pre-post-effects of the StAB intervention in a two-year observational study. Young people between 15 and 25 years with a psychiatric diagnosis who are currently in receipt of means-tested benefits or are entitled to them will be recruited. The study will take place in two major cities in the north-western part of Germany, Bielefeld and Dortmund. We expect to contribute to gain more empirical data about the implementation of Supported Employment and Education to severely mentally ill adolescents and young adults in German settings. Moreover, these results may also provide the scientific foundation for future measures focusing the improvement of vocational rehabilitation for young people with mental illness. The study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00027576) on March 10, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Schniedermann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lorenz B. Dehn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Sabrina Micheel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Beblo
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Martin Driessen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital OWL of Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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Thompson JL, Holloway K, Karyczak S, Serody MR, Lane IA, Ellison ML, Gill KJ, Davis M, Mullen MG. Evaluating Educational and Employment Services for Young People With Psychiatric Conditions: A Systematic Review. Psychiatr Serv 2022; 73:787-800. [PMID: 34875848 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.202000033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors conducted a systematic review of studies evaluating vocational interventions for young people with psychiatric conditions to determine the extent to which services were adapted for young people and whether services promoted gains in postsecondary education and employment. METHODS Five databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Academic Search Premier, and ERIC) were searched. Sources eligible for inclusion were controlled studies published between 2000 and mid-2020 that evaluated a vocational intervention and examined postsecondary educational or employment outcomes for youths or young adults (ages 14-35 years) with psychiatric conditions. RESULTS Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Several of the studies evaluated services that were adapted for young people, including through the incorporation of educational supports. The most consistent finding was that services based on the individual placement and support (IPS) model improved employment outcomes more effectively than did comparison approaches and treatment as usual. Fewer studies assessed educational outcomes, and they yielded mixed results; however, recent findings from a controlled trial indicate that an enhanced IPS intervention that included well-specified supported education and skills training led to significantly superior outcomes in both education and employment. CONCLUSIONS These results provide support for the efficacy of IPS-based services to improve employment outcomes among young people with psychiatric conditions and suggest that adapting IPS to include comprehensive educational supports and skills training may be important for efforts to improve postsecondary educational outcomes. Additional well-controlled intervention studies that examine educational and longer-term outcomes should further inform the development and delivery of vocational services for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy L Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Thompson, Serody); Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (Thompson, Holloway, Karyczak, Gill); Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (Lane, Ellison, Davis, Mullen)
| | - Katherine Holloway
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Thompson, Serody); Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (Thompson, Holloway, Karyczak, Gill); Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (Lane, Ellison, Davis, Mullen)
| | - Sean Karyczak
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Thompson, Serody); Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (Thompson, Holloway, Karyczak, Gill); Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (Lane, Ellison, Davis, Mullen)
| | - Megan R Serody
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Thompson, Serody); Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (Thompson, Holloway, Karyczak, Gill); Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (Lane, Ellison, Davis, Mullen)
| | - Ian A Lane
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Thompson, Serody); Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (Thompson, Holloway, Karyczak, Gill); Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (Lane, Ellison, Davis, Mullen)
| | - Marsha L Ellison
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Thompson, Serody); Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (Thompson, Holloway, Karyczak, Gill); Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (Lane, Ellison, Davis, Mullen)
| | - Kenneth J Gill
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Thompson, Serody); Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (Thompson, Holloway, Karyczak, Gill); Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (Lane, Ellison, Davis, Mullen)
| | - Maryann Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Thompson, Serody); Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (Thompson, Holloway, Karyczak, Gill); Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (Lane, Ellison, Davis, Mullen)
| | - Michelle G Mullen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York (Thompson, Serody); Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey (Thompson, Holloway, Karyczak, Gill); Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (Lane, Ellison, Davis, Mullen)
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Londoño T, Klodnick VV, Emerson KR, Stevens L, Cohen DA. Creative Technology-Based Strategies for Engaging Young People with Serious Mental Health Conditions in Longitudinal Mental Health Services Research. CHILD & ADOLESCENT SOCIAL WORK JOURNAL : C & A 2021; 40:313-324. [PMID: 34155420 PMCID: PMC8210497 DOI: 10.1007/s10560-021-00778-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of the transition from child to adult community mental health services is important given the high rates of service drop-out. Conducting longitudinal research is challenging during a major service provider change. Developmentally-typical transition-to-adulthood instability can deter study engagement. This study examines the efficacy of creative technology-based strategies to recruit and engage adolescents and young adults (AYA) with serious mental health diagnoses in a qualitative study during their transition from child to adult services. Participants were recruited from one agency to complete three in-depth qualitative interviews and monthly surveys exploring mental health service experiences over 12-months. Participants received a smartphone and data plan for 6-months at initial interview, $50 at 6-month interview and $55 at 12-month interview. Four research assistants used a shared Google Voice account to text monthly online surveys and to communicate with participants. 19 participants enrolled; 74% remained enrolled across the 12-months. Smartphones and data plans were not effective in recruiting nor sustaining study engagement for most participants. Participants preferred a mix of texting and phone calls to prompt study engagement; 60% of online surveys were completed. Unanticipated participant-researcher communication outside of research scope suggests that the formation of strong relationships and additional support during this transitional time is critical for sustained study engagement. Study findings have practical implications for social work longitudinal research design and effective study implementation. Future social work research is warranted on innovative strategies to boost study and service engagement among AYA with serious co-occurring mental health and developmental instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Londoño
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas, 1924 San Jacinto Blvd. D3500, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | | | - Kaleigh R. Emerson
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas, 1924 San Jacinto Blvd. D3500, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Laura Stevens
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas, 1924 San Jacinto Blvd. D3500, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Deborah A. Cohen
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas, 1924 San Jacinto Blvd. D3500, Austin, TX 78712 USA
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Pichler EM, Stulz N, Wyder L, Heim S, Watzke B, Kawohl W. Long-Term Effects of the Individual Placement and Support Intervention on Employment Status: 6-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:709732. [PMID: 34712153 PMCID: PMC8546221 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.709732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
People with mental illness often experience difficulties with reintegration into the workplace, although employment is known to assist these individuals in their recovery process. Traditional approaches of "first train, then place" have been recently replaced by supported employment (SE) methods that carry strategy of "first place, then train." Individual placement and support (IPS) is one of the best-studied methods of SE, which core principles are individualized assistance in rapid job search with consequent placement in a paid employment position. A considerable amount of high-quality evidence supported the superiority of IPS over conventional methods in providing improved employment rates, longer job tenure, as well as higher salaries in competitive job markets. Nonetheless, our knowledge about the IPS-mediated long-term effects is limited. This non-interventional follow-up study of a previously published randomized controlled trial (RCT) called ZhEPP aimed to understand the long-term impact of IPS after 6 years since the initial intervention. Participants from the ZhEPP trial, where 250 disability pensioners with mental illnesses were randomized into either IPS intervention group or treatment as usual group (TAU), were invited to face-to-face interviews, during which employment status, job tenure, workload, and salaries were assessed. One hundred and fourteen individuals agreed to participate in this follow-up study. Although during the first 2 years post-intervention, the IPS group had higher employment rates (40% (IPS) vs. 28% (TAU), p < 0.05 at 24 months), these differences disappeared by the time of follow-up assessments (72 months). The results indicated no substantial differences in primary outcome measures between IPS and TAU groups: employment rate (36 vs. 33%), workload (10.57 vs. 10.07 h per week), job tenure (29 vs. 28 months), and salary (20.21CHF vs. 25.02 CHF). These findings provide important insights regarding the long-term effects of IPS among individuals with mental health illnesses. Further research is required to advance the current knowledge about IPS intervention and its years-long impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Pichler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Psychiatric Services Aargau, Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Niklaus Stulz
- Psychiatric Services Aargau, Windisch, Switzerland.,Integrated Psychiatric Services Winterthur-Zurcher Unterland (IPW), Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Lea Wyder
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Psychiatric Services Aargau, Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Simone Heim
- Psychiatric Services Aargau, Windisch, Switzerland.,Praxis Dr. Pramstaller, Uetikon am See, Switzerland
| | - Birgit Watzke
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wolfram Kawohl
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Psychiatric Services Aargau, Windisch, Switzerland.,Clienia Schlössli AG, Oetwil am See, Switzerland
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Millner UC, Rogers ES, Bloch P, Costa W, Pritchett S, Woods T, Teixeira C, Hintz K. Unpacking the Meaning of Work for Individuals Living With Serious Mental Illness. JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0894845320941256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Individuals diagnosed with serious mental illnesses continue to experience work-related disparities despite the existence of evidence-based practices. Understanding the meaning of work among these individuals is key to developing interventions grounded in career development theory and practice. This qualitative inquiry adapted a consensual qualitative research approach and utilized a participatory component to conduct an in-depth exploration of the meaning of work among a national sample of young adults and older adults living with serious mental illness. The psychology of working perspective was applied to the results after analyses. Results revealed categories that clustered within four overarching domains pertaining to work as central to survival, social connectedness, self-determination, and mental health recovery as proposed by the theory. Implications for services, research, and policy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philippe Bloch
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, MA, USA
| | - William Costa
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, MA, USA
| | - Sharon Pritchett
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, MA, USA
| | | | - Carina Teixeira
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn Hintz
- Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, MA, USA
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