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Krizan Z, Boehm NA, Strauel CB. How emotions impact sleep: A quantitative review of experiments. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 74:101890. [PMID: 38154235 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Although sleep and emotional processes are recognized as mutually dependent, the causal impact of emotions on sleep has been comparatively neglected. To appraise evidence for the causal influence of emotions on sleep, a meta-analysis of the existing experimental literature evaluated the strength, form, and context of experimental effects of emotion inductions on sleep parameters (k = 31). Quality of experiments was evaluated, and theoretically-relevant features were extracted and examined as moderating factors of observed effects (i.e., sleep parameter, design, sleep context, types of emotion inductions and emotions). Random-effect models were used to aggregate effects for each sleep parameter, while-mixed effect models examined moderators. There was a significant impact of emotion inductions on delayed sleep onset latency (D = 3.36 min, 95%CI [1.78, 4.94], g = 0.53), but not other parameters. There was little evidence of publication bias regarding sleep-onset latency effect, the studies overall were heterogeneous, sometimes of limited methodological quality, and could only detect moderate-to-large impacts. The findings supported the hypothesis that negative emotions delayed sleep onset, but evidence regarding other sleep parameters was inconclusive. The results call for more targeted investigation to disambiguate distinct features of emotions and their import for sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zlatan Krizan
- Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, USA.
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2
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Sella E, Palumbo R, Di Domenico A, Borella E. How emotions induced by reading influence sleep quality in young and older adults. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:1812-1820. [PMID: 36300485 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2138266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined whether emotions induced by reading before sleep influence sleep quality in young and older adults. METHOD Sixty older adults (64-75 years) and 60 young adults (18-35 years) were randomly assigned to three conditions: positive reading, neutral reading, and control. The reading groups read a short story at bedtime, whereas the control group kept its routine. Participants completed measures of affective states, subjective sleep parameters, and self-reported sleep quality related to emotions over 7 consecutive days. RESULTS Older adults reported much longer sleep latency and lower sleep efficiency than young adults. In both reading conditions, older adults reported reduced sleep latencies compared to the control group. In the positive reading condition, older adults reported an increased sleep duration compared to younger adults and the other conditions. Young and older adults in the positive condition showed better self-reported sleep quality than those in the neutral conditions, regardless of age. CONCLUSIONS Reading at bedtime appears to reduce older adults' time to fall asleep and increase their sleep duration. Positive emotions induced by reading short stories at bedtime seem to be a sleep-promoting factor that improves bedtime and wake time in young and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Sella
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Rocco Palumbo
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alberto Di Domenico
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Erika Borella
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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3
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Cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy for insomnia: Exploring the potential benefit of psychological flexibility and self-compassion combined with behavioral strategies. NEW IDEAS IN PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2023.101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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4
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Messman BA, Slavish DC, Dietch JR, Jenkins BN, Ten Brink M, Taylor DJ. Associations between daily affect and sleep vary by sleep assessment type: What can ambulatory EEG add to the picture? Sleep Health 2021; 7:219-228. [PMID: 33454245 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Disrupted sleep can be a cause and a consequence of affective experiences. However, daily longitudinal studies show sleep assessed via sleep diaries is more consistently associated with positive and negative affect than sleep assessed via actigraphy. The objective of the study was to test whether sleep parameters derived from ambulatory electroencephalography (EEG) in a naturalistic setting were associated with day-to-day changes in affect. PARTICIPANTS/METHOD Eighty adults (mean age = 32.65 years, 63% female) completed 7 days of affect and sleep assessments. We examined bidirectional associations between morning positive affect and negative affect with sleep assessed via diary, actigraphy, and ambulatory EEG. RESULTS Mornings with lower positive affect than average were associated with higher diary- and actigraphy-determined sleep efficiency that night. Mornings with higher negative affect than average were associated with longer actigraphy-determined total sleep time that night. Nights with longer diary-determined total sleep time, greater sleep efficiency, and shorter sleep onset latency than average were associated with higher next-morning positive affect, and nights with lower diary-determined wake-after-sleep-onset were associated with lower next-morning negative affect. EEG-determined sleep and affect results were generally null in both directions: only higher morning negative affect was associated with longer rapid eye movement (REM) sleep that night. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported sleep and affect may occur in a bidirectional fashion for some sleep parameters. EEG-determined sleep and affect associations were inconsistent but may still be important to assess in future studies to holistically capture sleep. Single-channel EEG represents a novel, ecologically valid tool that may provide information beyond diaries and actigraphy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Messman
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311280, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Danica C Slavish
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311280, Denton, TX 76203, USA.
| | - Jessica R Dietch
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311280, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Brooke N Jenkins
- Department of Psychology, Chapman University, One University Drive, Orange, CA 92866 USA
| | - Maia Ten Brink
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, 450 Jane Stanford Way, Building 420, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Daniel J Taylor
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311280, Denton, TX 76203, USA
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Lemyre A, Belzile F, Landry M, Bastien CH, Beaudoin LP. Pre-sleep cognitive activity in adults: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2020; 50:101253. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2019.101253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Lebrun C, Gély-Nargeot MC, Bayard S. A moderated mediation model of the link between counterfactual processing at bedtime and insomnia diagnosis: The role of depressive symptoms and nocturnal maladaptive strategies of mental control. J Sleep Res 2019; 29:e12973. [PMID: 31868977 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between bedtime counterfactual thoughts, depressive symptoms, nocturnal counterproductive thought-control strategies and insomnia disorder. Six hundred and fifty adults from the general population were recruited and provided data on their counterfactual thoughts' frequency at bedtime, depressive symptoms and use of nocturnal maladaptive strategies of thought control. In addition, all participants followed a face-to-face clinical interview for the diagnosis of insomnia disorder. A model positing moderated mediation was tested using conditional process modelling. Overall, 19% of participants met diagnostic criteria for a chronic insomnia diagnosis. Bootstrapped mediation analyses indicated that the association of bedtime counterfactual processing and insomnia diagnosis is mediated by depressive symptoms (B = 0.035, SE = 0.007, bootstrapped 95% CI = 0.023, 0.051). Furthermore, the effects of such a mediation model were significantly larger among individuals with high levels of aggressive suppression than those with low levels of aggressive suppression (B = 0.002, SE = 0.001, bootstrapped 95% CI = 0.001, 0.004). A second model in which a worry strategy moderates the relationship between bedtime counterfactual processing and depressive symptoms was not statistically significant (B = 0.0036, SE = 0.013, p = .78). The present study adds to the literature on the importance of self-attacking thoughts and negative affects at bedtime. We recommend the evaluation of the impact of adding self-attacks management strategies to cognitive behavior therapy for individuals with an insomnia disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Lebrun
- EPSYLON EA 4556, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Sophie Bayard
- EPSYLON EA 4556, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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von Arx M, Cullati S, Schmidt RE, Richner S, Kraehenmann R, Cheval B, Agoritsas T, Chopard P, Burton-Jeangros C, Courvoisier DS. "We Won't Retire Without Skeletons in the Closet": Healthcare-Related Regrets Among Physicians and Nurses in German-Speaking Swiss Hospitals. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2018; 28:1746-1758. [PMID: 29945491 DOI: 10.1177/1049732318782434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Physicians and nurses are expected to systematically provide high-quality healthcare in a context marked by complexity, time pressure, heavy workload, and the influence of nonclinical factors on clinical decisions. Therefore, healthcare professionals must eventually deal with unfortunate events to which regret is a typical emotional reaction. Using semistructured interviews, 11 physicians and 13 nurses working in two different hospitals in the German-speaking part of Switzerland reported a total of 48 healthcare-related regret experiences. Intense feelings of healthcare-related regrets had far-reaching repercussions on participants' health, work-life balance, and medical practice. Besides active compensation strategies, social capital was the most important coping resource. Receiving superiors' support was crucial for reaffirming professional identity and helped prevent healthcare professionals from quitting their job. Findings suggest that training targeting emotional coping could be beneficial for quality of life and may ultimately lead to lower job turnover among healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina von Arx
- 1 University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- 2 University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Cullati
- 1 University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- 2 University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ralph E Schmidt
- 1 University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- 3 University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Boris Cheval
- 1 University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- 2 University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Agoritsas
- 2 University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- 5 McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pierre Chopard
- 1 University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- 2 University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Delphine S Courvoisier
- 1 University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- 2 University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Schmidt RE, Courvoisier DS, Cullati S, Kraehenmann R, der Linden MV. Too Imperfect to Fall Asleep: Perfectionism, Pre-sleep Counterfactual Processing, and Insomnia. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1288. [PMID: 30131735 PMCID: PMC6090461 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research suggests that certain dimensions of perfectionism are associated with insomnia. However, the exact processes whereby perfectionism may influence sleep have as yet remained unexplored. The present study tested the hypothesis that perfectionistic individuals are particularly prone to engage in counterfactual thinking and to experience counterfactual emotions (regret, shame, and guilt) at bedtime, which have been shown to impair sleep. One hundred eighty university students completed questionnaires on perfectionism, counterfactual processing, and insomnia severity. Analyses revealed that three dimensions of perfectionism were significantly related to insomnia severity: Concern over mistakes and doubts about action showed positive correlations, whereas organization showed a negative correlation. Moreover, the frequency of counterfactual thoughts and emotions at bedtime largely mediated the effects of these dimensions of perfectionism on insomnia severity. These findings highlight how personality-related patterns of behavior may translate into affective arousal at bedtime, thereby increasing the risk of insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph E Schmidt
- Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Delphine S Courvoisier
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Cullati
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research "LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives", Institute of Demography and Socioeconomics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Kraehenmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martial Van der Linden
- Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Gallagher S, Daly A. Dynamical Relations in the Self-Pattern. Front Psychol 2018; 9:664. [PMID: 29867642 PMCID: PMC5958307 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The notion of a self-pattern, as developed in the pattern theory of self (Gallagher, 2013), which holds that the self is best explained in terms of the kind of reality that pertains to a dynamical pattern, acknowledges the importance of neural dynamics, but also expands the account of self to extra-neural (embodied and enactive) dynamics. The pattern theory of self, however, has been criticized for failing to explicate the dynamical relations among elements of the self-pattern (e.g., Kyselo, 2014; Beni, 2016; de Haan et al., 2017); as such, it seems to be nothing more than a mere list of elements. We'll argue that the dynamics of a self-pattern are reflected in three significant and interrelated ways that allow for investigation. First, a self-pattern is reflectively reiterated in its narrative component. Second, studies of psychiatric or neurological disorders can help us understand the precise nature of the dynamical relations in a self-pattern, and how they can fail. Third, referencing predictive processing accounts, neuroscience can also help to explicate the dynamical relations that constitute the self-pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Gallagher
- Department of Philosophy, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
- Philosophy, Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Anya Daly
- School of Philosophy, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Cheval B, Cullati S, Pihl-Thingvad J, Mongin D, Von Arx M, Chopard P, Courvoisier DS. Impact of CAre-related Regret Upon Sleep (ICARUS) cohort study: protocol of a 3-year multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of novice healthcare professionals. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022172. [PMID: 29588326 PMCID: PMC5875595 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Healthcare professionals are particularly at risk of developing numerous physical and psychological health problems. The experiences of emotional burden associated with providing healthcare, notably care-related regret, have been associated with these health problems, but only using cross-sectional data so far. Evidence of a causal impact of regret has not been assessed. The Impact of CAre-related Regret Upon Sleep (ICARUS) study is the first prospective and international cohort study established to examine how newly practising healthcare professionals adapt to their challenging job by assessing the impact of care-related regret on sleep and job quitting. METHOD AND ANALYSIS The ICARUS cohort study will include newly practising healthcare professionals working in acute care hospitals and clinics recruited between May 2017 and November 2019. Data collection, which will begin as soon as the participant starts working with patients, will consist of a 1-year weekly assessment using a secure web survey. Follow-up data will be collected at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after the end of the first year. We will collect detailed information on the experience of care-related regret (ie, highest regret intensity, accumulation of regrets and coping strategies related to regrets), sleep problems and job quitting. Moreover, quality of life, health status and burnout will be assessed during the follow-up. Several confounders factors, including sociodemographic characteristics, personality, night shifts and work environment characteristics, will be assessed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Geneva Canton, Switzerland (CCER2016-02041), the Ethics Committee of London South Bank University (HSCSEP/17/06) and the University Research Ethics Committee of Bedfordshire (UREC106). Other study centres deemed local ethical approval unnecessary since the main ethics committee (Geneva) had already accepted the project. Results will be published in relevant scientific journals and be disseminated in international conferences. Fully anonymised data and questionnaires will be freely accessible to everyone (scientists and general public).
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Cheval
- Quality of Care Service, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Cullati
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss NCCR “Lives: Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives”, University of Geneva, Geneva, Denmark
| | - Jesper Pihl-Thingvad
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- National Center of Psychotraumatology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Denis Mongin
- Quality of Care Service, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martina Von Arx
- Swiss NCCR “Lives: Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives”, University of Geneva, Geneva, Denmark
- Institute of Demography and Socioeconomics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Chopard
- Quality of Care Service, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Delphine S Courvoisier
- Quality of Care Service, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Carvalho Bos
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra , Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Ferreira Macedo
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra , Coimbra, Portugal
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12
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Positive affect and sleep: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2017; 35:21-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Richner SC, Cullati S, Cheval B, Schmidt RE, Chopard P, Meier CA, Courvoisier DS. Validation of the German version of two scales (RIS, RCS-HCP) for measuring regret associated with providing healthcare. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2017; 15:56. [PMID: 28340584 PMCID: PMC5364621 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-017-0630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regret intensity scale (RIS) and the regret coping scale for healthcare professionals (RCS-HCP) working in hospitals assess the experience of care-related regrets and how healthcare professional deal with these negative events. The aim of this study was to validate a German version of the RIS and the RCS-HCP. METHODS The RIS and RCS-HCP in German were first translated into German (forward- and backward translations) and then pretested with 16 German-speaking healthcare professionals. Finally, two surveys (test and 1-month retest) administered the scales to a large sample of healthcare professionals from two different hospitals. RESULTS Of the 2142 eligible healthcare professionals, 494 (23.1%) individuals (108 physicians) completed the cross-sectional web based survey and 244 completed the retest questionnaire. Participants (n = 165, 33.4% of the total sample) who reported not having experienced a regret in the last 5 years, had significantly more days of sick leave during the last 6 months. These participants were excluded from the subsequent analyses. The structure of the scales was similar to the French version with a single dimension for the regret intensity scale (Cronbach's alpha: 0.88) and three types of coping strategies for the regret coping scale (alphas: 0.69 for problem-focused strategies, 0.67 for adaptive strategies and 0.86 for the maladaptive strategies). Construct validity was good and reproduced the findings of the French study, namely that higher regret intensity was associated with situations that entailed more consequences for the patients. Furthermore, higher regret intensity and more frequent use of maladaptive strategies were associated with more sleep difficulties and less work satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS The German RIS and RCS-HCP scales were found valid for measuring regret intensity and regret coping in a population of healthcare professionals working in a hospital. Reporting no regret, which corresponds to the coping strategy of suppression, seems to be a maladaptive strategy because it was associated with more frequent sick day leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia C Richner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Stadtspital Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Boris Cheval
- Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Christoph A Meier
- Office of the Chief Medical Officer, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Healthcare-Related Regret among Nurses and Physicians Is Associated with Self-Rated Insomnia Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139770. [PMID: 26447692 PMCID: PMC4598038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine the association between healthcare-related regrets and sleep difficulties among nurses and physicians, we surveyed 240 nurses and 220 physicians at the University Hospitals of Geneva. Regret intensity and regret coping were measured using validated scales. Sleep difficulties were measured using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and an additional question assessed the frequency of sleeping pill use. After controlling for sex, profession, years of experience, rate of employment, and depression as well as for all other regret-related variables, the following variables remained significantly associated with self-rated severity of insomnia: regret intensity (slope = 1.32, p = 0.007, 95%CI: [0.36; 2.29], std. coefficient = 0.16) and maladaptive (e.g., rumination) emotion-focused coping (slope = 1.57, p = 0.002, 95%CI: [0.60; 2.55], std. coefficient = 0.17) remained significant predictors of self-rated insomnia severity. If these cross-sectional associations represent causal effects, the development of regret-management programs may represent a promising approach to mitigating sleep difficulties of healthcare professionals.
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