1
|
Hale ME, George AM, Caughy MO, Suveg C. Resting respiratory sinus arrythmia and cognitive reappraisal moderate the link between political climate stress and anxiety symptoms in Latina and Black mothers. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2024; 37:100-113. [PMID: 37075162 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2199207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Guided by the Family Stress Model for minority families, the present study examined the potential buffering effect of resting respiratory sinus arrythmia (RRSA), cognitive reappraisal, and mindfulness on the association between political climate stress (PCS) and anxiety symptoms in a sample of Latina and Black mothers. Participants were 100 mothers living in the southeastern United States. Mothers reported on PCS, cognitive reappraisal, mindfulness, and symptoms of anxiety. RRSA were measured during a resting task. Moderation analyses tested the influence of these three factors (RRSA, cognitive reappraisal, mindfulness) on the relation between PCS and anxiety. Results showed that the relation between PCS and anxiety symptoms was strongest at low levels of RRSA and cognitive reappraisal. At high levels of these two factors, there was no association between PCS and anxiety symptoms. Mothers with high levels of RRSA and cognitive reappraisal may be able to interact with and evaluate environmental stimuli in such a way that allows for adaptive adjustment, buffering against the negative impact of PCS. RRSA and cognitive reappraisal may be important targets of interventions designed to address the rising rates of anxiety symptoms in Latina and Black mothers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molly E Hale
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Andrea M George
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Margaret O Caughy
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Cynthia Suveg
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Martinez JH, Tahirkheli NN, Roemer L, Ying A, Abdullah T. Coping with racial discrimination: a preliminary examination of coping strategies in college students at a University in Northeastern U.S. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-8. [PMID: 38015172 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2283737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the associations between coping strategies in response to racism and distress symptoms. SAMPLE One hundred forty-four racially minoritized students at a northeastern university completed an online survey. METHODS Participants completed self-report active and emotion-focused coping and distress symptom (i.e., depression and anxiety) measures. Hierarchical regressions were conducted to test: 1) correlations between coping strategies in response to racism and distress symptoms, and 2) whether emotional acceptance moderates the association between active coping in response to racism and distress symptoms. RESULTS Students' self-compassionate responses to their emotional reactions to discrimination uniquely predicted less distress. In contrast, reports of using resistance and education in response to discrimination were positively correlated with distress symptoms; however, these associations were no longer significant when accounting for emotional acceptance. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that emotional acceptance coping may be associated with lower distress symptoms. Active coping was associated with increased distress symptoms, except when accounting for emotional acceptance coping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Noor N Tahirkheli
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lizabeth Roemer
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Ying
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tahirah Abdullah
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu Y, Deng W. Moderating the link between discrimination and adverse mental health outcomes: Examining the protective effects of cognitive flexibility and emotion regulation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282220. [PMID: 37815988 PMCID: PMC10564165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Discrimination is associated with mental health problems. While prior research has demonstrated the significance of emotion regulation in explaining the onset and development of discrimination-related anxiety, few studies investigated this dynamic with cognitive flexibility among sexual and/or racial minority individuals. The current study incorporated cognitive flexibility to investigate its potential buffering effects on discrimination-related anxiety. 221 individuals, 37.6% of whom (n = 83) identified as sexual and/or racial minorities, responded to an online questionnaire about their levels of cognitive flexibility and emotion regulation, perceived discrimination, and anxiety. Moderated mediation analyses were conducted with these variables. Our findings indicated that emotion regulation difficulty (ERD) mediated the relationship between discrimination and anxiety, while cognitive flexibility had a strong moderating effect on the relationship between ERD and anxiety. These results suggested new research directions and implied the therapeutic potential of advancing cognitive flexibility skills with emotion regulation training in depression and anxiety intervention and treatments. Future research is needed to investigate cognitive flexibility as a transdiagnostic mechanism underlying the onset and development of anxiety, to potentially lead to novel prevention or intervention for marginalized people facing additional stressors like discrimination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Wisteria Deng
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yadlosky LB, Mowrey WB, Pimentel SS. Risky business: Considerations of emotion regulation and high-risk behaviors in anxious adolescents. J Anxiety Disord 2023; 99:102760. [PMID: 37672917 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of empirical literature connects anxiety symptoms and high-risk suicidal and self-harming behaviors in youth. Emotion regulation (ER) processes and deficits have been identified as important factors in the etiology, maintenance, and treatment of both youth anxiety and high-risk behaviors. The present study assessed the association between these variables using an acute, socio-demographically diverse clinical sample of youth presenting to an outpatient mental health clinic. Ninety-nine youth aged 12-20 years old completed measures of anxiety symptoms, ER difficulties, and lifetime history of high-risk behaviors including non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts. Unadjusted analyses show that more severe anxiety symptoms were associated with more ER difficulties and history of risk behavior. Multivariate linear regression models considering age, sex, race/ethnicity, and risk history show that more severe anxiety symptoms remained significantly associated with more ER difficulties (p < 0.0001) and positive suicide attempt history (p < 0.01). Findings highlight the importance of integrating considerations of ER into the case conceptualization and treatment planning of high-risk, anxious youth to inform evidenced-based care with this population. The need for targeted, ongoing risk assessment with anxious youth to identify and mitigate risk is also demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren B Yadlosky
- Montefiore Medical Center | Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA.
| | - Wenzhu B Mowrey
- Montefiore Medical Center | Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA
| | - Sandra S Pimentel
- Montefiore Medical Center | Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Browning ME, Lloyd-Richardson EE, Satterfield SL, Trisal AV. A pilot study of experiencing racial microaggressions, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and the role of psychological flexibility. Behav Cogn Psychother 2023; 51:396-413. [PMID: 37226518 DOI: 10.1017/s1352465823000188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experiencing racial microaggressions has clear effects on physical and psychological health, including obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms (OCS). More research is needed to examine this link. Psychological flexibility is an important process to examine in this work. AIMS This study aimed to examine if, while controlling for depression and anxiety, experiences of microaggressions and psychological flexibility helped explain OCD symptoms within a university-affiliated sample (undergraduate, graduate and law students). This was a pilot exploration of the relationships across themes. METHOD Initial baseline data from a longitudinal study of psychological flexibility, OCD symptoms, depression, anxiety and experience of microaggressions was utilized. Correlations and regressions were utilized to examine which OCD symptom dimensions were associated with experiencing racial microaggressions in addition to anxiety and depression, and the added role of psychological flexibility was examined. RESULTS OCD symptoms, experiences of microaggressions and psychological flexibility were correlated. Experiences of racial microaggressions explained responsibility for harm and contamination OCD symptoms above and beyond psychological distress. Exploratory results support the relevance of psychological flexibility. CONCLUSION Results support other work that experiences of racial microaggressions help explain OCS and they add some support for psychological flexibility as a relevant risk or protective factor for mental health in marginalized populations. These topics should be studied longitudinally with continued consideration of all OCD themes, larger sample sizes, intersecting identities, clinical samples, and continued exploration of psychological flexibility and mindfulness and values-based treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E Browning
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA02747, USA
| | | | - Sidney L Satterfield
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA02747, USA
| | - Akshay V Trisal
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA02747, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hui Z, Wang X, Wang X, Zhao J, Pan Y, Liu F, Zheng R, Wang M. Satisfaction with care quality and anxiety among family members during nursing home visiting restrictions: The chain mediating effect of emotional regulation and perceived stress. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1117287. [PMID: 37089513 PMCID: PMC10116063 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1117287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the psychological well-being (perceived stress and anxiety) of Chinese family members during nursing home visiting restrictions and to elucidate the relationships among satisfaction with care quality, emotion regulation, perceived stress, and anxiety.MethodsAn online survey was conducted with a cross-sectional study design. From 18 to 29 January 2022, a total of 571 family members of nursing home residents completed online questionnaires comprising socio-demographic characteristics, satisfaction with care quality, emotion regulation, perceived stress, and anxiety. Mediation analyses were performed to estimate the direct and indirect effects of satisfaction with care quality on anxiety using the PROCESS macro for SPSS.ResultsThe results showed that approximately one-quarter of Chinese family members had anxiety symptoms during nursing home visiting restrictions. Satisfaction with care quality affected anxiety via three mediating paths: (a) through cognitive reappraisal (effect = 0.028); (b) through cognitive reappraisal and perceived stress sequentially (effect = −0.057); and (c) through perceived stress (effect = −0.212). The chain mediating effect (path b) accounted for 23.7% of the total effect.ConclusionsThese findings corroborated our hypothesis that cognitive reappraisal (a kind of emotion regulation strategy) and perceived stress mediated the relationship between satisfaction with care quality and anxiety during nursing home visiting restrictions. Efforts to address family members’ psychological well-being by focusing on cognitive reappraisal should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhao Hui
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- School of Nursing, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Xun Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Jinping Zhao
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Yunjin Pan
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Occupational Disease Control and Prevention, Tongchuan, China
| | - Ruishi Zheng
- Songhe Nursing Home, Xi’an Tangcheng Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Mingxu Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Mingxu Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Burke LA, Chijioke S, Le TP. Gendered racial microaggressions and emerging adult Black women's social and general anxiety: Distress intolerance and stress as mediators. J Clin Psychol 2023; 79:1051-1069. [PMID: 36413584 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There is robust evidence that gendered racial microaggressions affect Black women's mental health. However, few studies have examined how this form of discrimination affects Black women's social anxiety in addition to their general anxiety, as well as the underlying mechanisms related to gendered racial microaggressions and anxiety. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between gendered racial microaggressions stress (GRMS) and gendered racial microaggressions frequency (GRMF), and Black women's social anxiety and general anxiety symptoms. We also examined the mediating roles of distress intolerance and stress in these associations. METHOD One hundred and sixty-three Black women, between the ages of 18 and 25 years old, completed a cross-sectional survey. Regression analyses were used to examine the associations between gendered racial microaggressions and social anxiety and general anxiety, and mediation analyses examined the indirect effect of gendered racial microaggressions on the outcome variables through distress intolerance and stress. RESULTS GRMS was associated with greater social and general anxiety through the mechanisms of distress intolerance and stress. GRMF was associated with reduced social anxiety and was not associated with general anxiety. CONCLUSIONS Intervention efforts should be aimed to prevent the experience of gendered racial microaggressions to prevent subsequent stress and mental health outcomes for Black women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A Burke
- Department of Psychology, The University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Sandra Chijioke
- Department of Psychology, The University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas P Le
- Department of Psychology, The University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dambrun M, Bonetto E, Motak L, Baker JS, Bagheri R, Saadaoui F, Rabbouch H, Zak M, Nasir H, Mermillod M, Gao Y, Antunes S, Ugbolue UC, Pereira B, Bouillon-Minois JB, Nugier A, Clinchamps M, Dutheil F. Perceived discrimination based on the symptoms of covid-19, mental health, and emotional responses-the international online COVISTRESS survey. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279180. [PMID: 36598901 PMCID: PMC9812319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the potential detrimental consequences for individuals' health and discrimination from covid-19 symptoms, the outcomes have received little attention. This study examines the relationships between having personally experienced discrimination based on the symptoms of covid-19 (during the first wave of the pandemic), mental health, and emotional responses (anger and sadness). It was predicted that covid-19 discrimination would be positively related to poor mental health and that this relationship would be mediated by the emotions of anger and sadness. METHODS The study was conducted using an online questionnaire from January to June 2020 (the Covistress network; including 44 countries). Participants were extracted from the COVISTRESS database (Ntotal = 280) with about a half declaring having been discriminated due to covid-19 symptoms (N = 135). Discriminated participants were compared to non-discriminated participants using ANOVA. A mediation analysis was conducted to examine the indirect effect of emotional responses and the relationships between perceived discrimination and self-reported mental health. RESULTS The results indicated that individuals who experienced discrimination based on the symptoms of covid-19 had poorer mental health and experienced more anger and sadness. The relationship between covid-19 personal discrimination and mental health disappeared when the emotions of anger and sadness were statistically controlled for. The indirect effects for both anger and sadness were statistically significant. DISCUSSION This study suggests that the covid-19 pandemic may have generated discriminatory behaviors toward those suspected of having symptoms and that this is related to poorer mental health via anger and sadness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Dambrun
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Eric Bonetto
- Aix-Marseille University, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Ladislav Motak
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Sport, Physical Education and Health, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Foued Saadaoui
- Faculty of Sciences, Statistics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hana Rabbouch
- Institut Supérieur de Gestion de Tunis, Université de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Marek Zak
- Institute of Health Sciences, The Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Collegium Medicum, Kielce, Poland
| | - Hijrah Nasir
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Economic Development, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martial Mermillod
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, Grenoble, France
| | - Yang Gao
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Sport, Physical Education and Health, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Samuel Antunes
- ISPA—Instituto Universitário, Ordem dos Psicólogos Portugueses, APPsyCI—Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ukadike Chris Ugbolue
- Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science, University of the West of Scotland, School of Health and Life Sciences, South Lanarkshire, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Pereira
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Biostatistics, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, WittyFit, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Armelle Nugier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Maëlys Clinchamps
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, WittyFit, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, WittyFit, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kogan CS, Noorishad PG, Ndengeyingoma A, Guerrier M, Cénat JM. Prevalence and correlates of anxiety symptoms among Black people in Canada: A significant role for everyday racial discrimination and racial microaggressions. J Affect Disord 2022; 308:545-553. [PMID: 35460740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent worldwide but vary significantly by country and ethnoracial background. Minimal published data exist on the prevalence of clinically significant anxiety among Black people in Canada and none using validated measures. Therefore, this study sought to establish the frequency of clinically significant anxiety symptoms among a sample of Black people living in Canada as well as examine the association with two forms of racism (racial discrimination and racial microaggressions). METHODS Data collected from the Black Community Mental Health project in Canada was analyzed. Participants provided (N= 845) sociodemographic information and completed measures assessing anxiety symptomology (GAD-7), everyday racial discrimination, racial microaggressions, and resilience. Prevalence of anxiety symptomatology was determined across sociodemographic variables as well as categories of everyday racial discrimination and racial microaggressions. Two regression models were conducted to examine the relationship between anxiety symptoms and the two forms of racism controlling for sociodemographic factors. RESULTS Overall, nearly a third of participants endorsed clinically significant levels of anxiety symptoms, with higher rates observed among men, unemployed people, those with higher education, people who are separated, and those with no reported family history of mental health problems. Logistic regression models demonstrated that, except for those reporting the greatest frequency of racial discrimination, there is a general linear trend such that those experiencing higher levels of racial discrimination or racial microaggressions are increasingly more likely to present with anxiety symptoms when compared to those reporting low levels of discrimination or microaggressions. Psychological resilience afforded nominal protection but only against exposure to racial microaggressions. CONCLUSIONS Rates of clinically significant anxiety are higher among Black people in Canada than reported previously. Both racial discrimination and racial microaggressions predicted higher rates of anxiety symptoms. The results are discussed in relation to previous findings from the US that report similar findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cary S Kogan
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | | | | | - Jude Mary Cénat
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Interdisciplinary Centre for Black Health, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schiess-Jokanovic J, Knefel M, Kantor V, Weindl D, Schäfer I, Lueger-Schuster B. The boundaries between complex posttraumatic stress disorder symptom clusters and post-migration living difficulties in traumatised Afghan refugees: a network analysis. Confl Health 2022; 16:19. [PMID: 35477465 PMCID: PMC9043511 DOI: 10.1186/s13031-022-00455-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological distress due to the ongoing war, violence, and persecution is particularly common among Afghan asylum seekers and refugees. In addition, individuals face a variety of post-migration living difficulties (PMLDs). Complex posttraumatic stress symptoms are among the most common mental health problems in this population, and were associated with the overall burden of PMLDs. The complex interplay of posttraumatic symptoms has been investigated from a network perspective in previous studies. However, individuals are embedded in and constantly react to the environment, which makes it important to include external factors in network models to better understand the etiology and maintaining factors of posttraumatic mental health problems. PMLDs are a major risk factor for posttraumatic distress and considering their impact in interventions might improve response rates. However, the interaction of these external factors with posttraumatic psychopathological distress is not yet fully understood. Thus, we aimed to illuminate the complex interaction between PMLDs and CPTSD symptom clusters. OBJECTIVE The main objective is the exploration of the network structure and the complex interplay of ICD-11 CPTSD symptom clusters and distinct forms of PMLDs. METHOD The symptom clusters of CPTSD and PMLDs were collected within a randomised controlled trial among 93 treatment-seeking Afghan asylum seekers and refugees via a fully structured face-to-face and interpreter assisted interview. Using a network analytical approach, we explored the complex associations and network centrality of the CPTSD symptom clusters and the PMLD factors: discrimination & socio-economical living conditions, language acquisition & barriers, family concerns, and residence insecurity. RESULTS The results suggest direct links within and between the constructs (CPTSD, PMLD). Almost all PMLD factors were interrelated and associated to CPTSD, family concerns was the only isolated variable. The CPTSD symptom cluster re-experiencing and the PMLD factor language acquisition & barriers connected the two constructs. Affective dysregulation had the highest and avoidance the lowest centrality. CONCLUSIONS Re-experiencing and affective dysregulation have the strongest ties to PMLDs. Thus, these domains might explain the strong association of posttraumatic psychopathology with PLMDs and, consequently, prioritization of these domains in treatment approaches might both facilitate treatment response and reduce burden caused by PMLDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Schiess-Jokanovic
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Wächtergasse 1, 1010, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Matthias Knefel
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Wächtergasse 1, 1010, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Kantor
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Wächtergasse 1, 1010, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dina Weindl
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Wächtergasse 1, 1010, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingo Schäfer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Lueger-Schuster
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Wächtergasse 1, 1010, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Martinez JH, Eustis EH, Arbid N, Graham-LoPresti JR, Roemer L. The role of experiential avoidance in the relation between racial discrimination and negative mental health outcomes. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:461-468. [PMID: 32369427 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1754221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective Racial discrimination has been shown to be associated with negative mental health outcomes among people of color (POC), and students of color (SOC) specifically. The current study examines experiential avoidance (EA) as a potential moderator in the relation between discrimination and mental health outcomes. Sample: Two-hundred students of color at a large, public university in Northeastern United States. Methods: We evaluated the associations between racial discrimination frequency and stress appraisal (GEDS and GEDS-A), EA (AAQ), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS). Results: Discrimination frequency and appraised stress were associated with each DASS subscale. EA moderated the relation between GEDS and depression, and between GEDS-A and the stress subscale. Conclusions: Discrimination frequency and appraised stress were positively associated with DASS subscales, and at low EA scores, frequency and appraised stress of discrimination were no longer associated with depressive or stress symptoms, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H Martinez
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth H Eustis
- Center for Anxiety & Related Disorders, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Natalie Arbid
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Lizabeth Roemer
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Augustine DA, Koss KJ, Smith EP, Kogan SM. The influence of family cohesion on self-regulation and anxiety problems among African American emerging adults. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261687. [PMID: 35061736 PMCID: PMC8782322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although African Americans have lower rates of anxiety in childhood than other racial and ethnic minority groups, they seem to experience escalating rates during emerging adulthood. Despite this, few studies have examined factors associated with anxiety during emerging adulthood among African American populations. The current study investigated the extent to which late adolescent family relationships affect anxiety problems among African American emerging adults. Informed by family development theory, family cohesion was hypothesized to indirectly effect anxiety problems through self-regulation. This model was tested with three waves of data (ages 17, 19, 21) from African Americans participating in the Maryland Adolescent Development in Context Study. Study findings were consistent with the hypothesized model: family cohesion forecasted decreased anxiety problems, indirectly, via increased self-regulation. This finding suggests that families may be an important promotive process for anxiety problems during emerging adulthood. Prevention programs that target family processes may be able to reduce anxiety problems in emerging adult African Americans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A. Augustine
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Kalsea J. Koss
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Emilie P. Smith
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Steven M. Kogan
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Emotion regulation and coping with racial stressors among African Americans across the lifespan. DEVELOPMENTAL REVIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dr.2021.100967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
14
|
Gingles D. Igniting Collective Freedom: An Integrative Behavioral Model of Acceptance and Commitment Toward Black Liberation. Behav Anal Pract 2021; 15:1050-1065. [PMID: 36605157 PMCID: PMC9744996 DOI: 10.1007/s40617-021-00584-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Racism continues to reveal disastrous effects on the Black community. There exists no behavior-analytic literature with a specific focus on ending Black psychological suffering due to continual acts of violence perpetrated against the community. I present a behavioral model to promote Black psychological liberation, infusing preestablished frameworks of Black psychology and cultural healing practices with acceptance and commitment therapy. The model addresses behaviors observed within systemic and internalized racism.
Collapse
|
15
|
Goldstein BL, Briggs-Gowan MJ, Greene CC, Chang R, Grasso DJ. An Item Response Theory examination of the original and short forms of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) in pregnant women. J Clin Psychol 2021; 77:1591-1606. [PMID: 33971024 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emotion dysregulation during pregnancy may impede women's capacity to navigate increased stressors during this period and may elevate risk for psychosocial impairment, especially for socioeconomically disadvantaged or racially marginalized women. Valid and efficient assessment of emotion dysregulation is needed. METHODS We used Item Response Theory (IRT) to examine the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) in 248 low income, primarily Latina/x pregnant women, to compare the short forms relative to the full DERS. RESULTS IRT indicated that the short forms exhibited modest reliability, but also indicated a substantial decrease in information (i.e., reliability) for the short forms compared with the full DERS. IRT indicated that the DERS-16 appeared more reliable (conserve more information) relative to the other short forms, the DERS-SF and DERS-18. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that clinicians and researchers use the full DERS when time permits and the DERS-16 when needing a briefer version.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Margaret J Briggs-Gowan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carolyn C Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rocio Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Damion J Grasso
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kline EA, Warner CM, Grapin SL, Reyes-Portillo JA, Bixter MT, Cunningham DJ, Mahmud F, Singh T, Weeks C. The Relationship Between Social Anxiety and Internalized Racism in Black Young Adults. J Cogn Psychother 2021; 35:JCPSY-D-20-00030. [PMID: 33397783 DOI: 10.1891/jcpsy-d-20-00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The study examined the relationships between social anxiety (SA), generalized anxiety (GA), and depression with racial microaggressions and internalized racism (IR) among Black young adults. Given SA's core features, we expected it to have a unique association with IR, and to moderate the connection between racial microaggressions and IR. Participants were 182 Black university students who completed measures of SA, GA, depressive symptoms, racial microaggressions, and IR. Linear regression models indicated that IR was a significant predictor of SA, but not GA or depression. Racial microaggressions were only positively associated with depressive symptoms. SA and racial microaggressions each predicted IR, but no interaction was found. Black young adults with elevated concerns of others' evaluation may be more prone to accepting negative stereotypes about one's racial group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carrie Masia Warner
- Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ and Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cody Weeks
- Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mekawi Y, Watson-Singleton NN, Kuzyk E, Dixon HD, Carter S, Bradley-Davino B, Fani N, Michopoulos V, Powers A. Racial discrimination and posttraumatic stress: examining emotion dysregulation as a mediator in an African American community sample. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2020; 11:1824398. [PMID: 33244363 PMCID: PMC7678677 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2020.1824398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: African Americans experience more severe and chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms compared to other racial groups, and thus it is important to examine factors that are relevant for the aetiology of PTSD in this population. Although racial discrimination has been implicated as an exacerbating factor in the development and maintenance of PTSD, relatively less is known about mechanisms through which this process may occur. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine one such mechanism, emotion dysregulation, in two independent samples of African American adults. Method: Trauma-exposed participants were recruited in a large, urban community hospital setting (initial sample n = 1,841; replication sample n = 294). In the initial sample, participants completed a unidimensional measure of emotion dysregulation and self-reported PTSD symptoms based on the DSM-IV. In the replication sample, participants completed a multidimensional measure of emotion dysregulation and a diagnostic interview of PTSD symptoms based on the DSM-5. Mediation analyses were used to test our hypotheses. Results: Across both samples, results indicated that racial discrimination was indirectly associated with PTSD symptoms through emotion dysregulation (even when trauma load was added as a covariate). Conclusions: Taken together, these results provide strong evidence that the association between racial discrimination and PTSD symptoms may be partially explained by the association between racial discrimination and worse emotion dysregulation. These findings elucidate the impact of racist incidents on mental health and identify modifiable emotion regulatory processes that can be intervened upon to enhance the psychological and social wellbeing of African Americans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yara Mekawi
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Science, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Eva Kuzyk
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Science, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - H Drew Dixon
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Science, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sierra Carter
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bekh Bradley-Davino
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Science, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Negar Fani
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Science, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vasiliki Michopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Science, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Abigail Powers
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Science, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mekawi Y, Watson-Singleton NN, Dixon HD, Fani N, Michopoulos V, Powers A. Validation of the difficulties with emotion regulation scale in a sample of trauma-exposed Black women. J Clin Psychol 2020; 77:587-606. [PMID: 32762085 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) is commonly used to assess dimensions of emotion dysregulation, including emotion nonacceptance, limited strategies, and difficulty with goal-directed behavior, impulse control, and emotional clarity. Despite considerable work examining the DERS' factor structure, reliability, and validity, there is limited psychometric support for its use with Black women. OBJECTIVES (1) Examine the factor structure of the DERS; (2) Compare fit of short-form versions; and (3) Assess whether scores differ based on diagnoses. METHOD Sample consisted of Black women (n = 667) recruited in urban, community hospital setting. RESULTS The DERS-18 correlated traits model without awareness demonstrated the best fit, χ2 (80) = 261.09, root mean square error of approximation = 0.06 [0.05, 0.07], comparative fit index = 0.99, Tucker Lewis Index = 0.98, weighted root mean square residual = 0.89. Additionally, those with current diagnoses of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or major depressive disorder (MDD) reported higher dysregulation (vs. lifetime/no diagnoses). Further, women with comorbid PTSD/MDD reported greater dysregulation (vs. single disorder/no diagnoses). CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence supporting the model fit, reliability, and validity of the DERS-18 for Black women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yara Mekawi
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Science, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Hayley D Dixon
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Science, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Negar Fani
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Science, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Vasiliki Michopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Science, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Abigail Powers
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Science, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gendered Racial Microaggressions, Feminism, and Asian American Women’s Eating Pathology: An Intersectional Investigation. SEX ROLES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11199-019-01100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
20
|
Examining pre-service teachers’ color-blind racial ideology, emotion regulation, and inflexibility with stigmatizing thoughts about race. CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2020.101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
21
|
Puckett JA, Maroney MR, Wadsworth LP, Mustanski B, Newcomb ME. Coping with discrimination: The insidious effects of gender minority stigma on depression and anxiety in transgender individuals. J Clin Psychol 2019; 76:176-194. [PMID: 31517999 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined types of discrimination encountered by transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals and the associations with symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as the mediating and moderating effects of coping responses. METHOD This online study included 695 TGD individuals ages 16 years and over (M = 25.52; standard deviation = 9.68). RESULTS Most participants (76.1%) reported discrimination over the past year. Greater exposure to discrimination was associated with more symptoms of depression and anxiety. These associations were mediated by coping via detachment and via internalization, although a direct effect remained. CONCLUSIONS Many TGD people will encounter discrimination and this is associated with greater psychological distress. Engagement in the internalization of blame or detachment partially explains the association between discrimination and mental health issues. These findings elucidate possible avenues for interventions to bolster adaptive coping responses for TGD people and highlight that actions to decrease discrimination are urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae A Puckett
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Meredith R Maroney
- Department of Counseling and School Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Brian Mustanski
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael E Newcomb
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Neal-Barnett A, Stadulis R, Ellzey D, Jean E, Rowell T, Somerville K, Petitti K, Siglow B, Ruttan A, Hogue M. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Musical Cognitive Restructuring App for Black Inner-City Girls: Survey, Usage, and Focus Group Evaluation. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e11310. [PMID: 31188130 PMCID: PMC6620886 DOI: 10.2196/11310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on mobile health (mHealth) app use during adolescence is growing; however, little attention has been paid to black adolescents, particularly black girls, who are generally underresearched and underserved in psychological intervention research. Cognitive restructuring is an important tool in anxiety and fear management and involves two parts: (1) recognizing and deconstructing erroneous thoughts and (2) replacing negative anxiety and stress-provoking thoughts with positive thoughts. In our work with black adolescent females, we found that cognitive restructuring is a difficult skill to practice on one's own. Thus, drawing upon the importance of music in the black community, we developed the Build Your Own Theme Song (BYOTS) app to deliver a musical form of the technique to middle-school black girls. OBJECTIVE Our aim in this mixed methods study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the BYOTS app. We hypothesize that participants will expect the app to be effective in reducing negative thoughts and that the app will meet their expectations and data generated from the app will demonstrate a reduction in negative thinking and anxiety. METHODS A total of 72 black or biracial seventh- and eighth-grade adolescent females were enrolled in Sisters United Now (SUN), an eight-session culturally infused and app-augmented stress and anxiety sister circle intervention. Before using the BYOTS app, girls completed the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children 2 and the App Expectations Survey. Usage data collected from the app included an assessment of negative thinking before and after listening to their song. After completion of the intervention, focus groups were held to gather qualitative data on participants' app experience. RESULTS Results using paired sample t tests indicated negative thinking was significantly lower at day 7 than day 1 (t31=1.69, P=.05). Anxiety from preuse to postuse of the app was also reduced (t38=2.82, P=.004). Four effectiveness themes emerged from the focus groups: difference in behavior and temperament, promoted calmness, helpfulness in stressful home situations, and focused thinking via the SUN theme song. CONCLUSIONS The BYOTS app is a useful tool for delivering musical cognitive restructuring to reduce negative thinking and anxiety in an underserved urban population. Changes were supported both quantitatively and qualitatively. Participants, their peers, and their family noted the difference. Findings support expanding the research to black girls of various socioeconomic statuses and geographic diversity. Currently, the app augments SUN, a culturally relevant intervention. Future research will explore BYOTS as a stand-alone app.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Neal-Barnett
- Kent State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Program for Research on Anxiety Disorders among African Americans, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Robert Stadulis
- Kent State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Program for Research on Anxiety Disorders among African Americans, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Delilah Ellzey
- Kent State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Program for Research on Anxiety Disorders among African Americans, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Elizabeth Jean
- Kent State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Program for Research on Anxiety Disorders among African Americans, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Tiffany Rowell
- Kent State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Program for Research on Anxiety Disorders among African Americans, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Keaton Somerville
- Kent State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Program for Research on Anxiety Disorders among African Americans, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Kallie Petitti
- Kent State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Program for Research on Anxiety Disorders among African Americans, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Benjamin Siglow
- Kent State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Program for Research on Anxiety Disorders among African Americans, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Arden Ruttan
- Kent State University, Department of Computer Science, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Mary Hogue
- Kent State University, College of Business, Kent, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Desrosiers A, Vine V, Kershaw T. "R U Mad?": Computerized text analysis of affect in social media relates to stress and substance use among ethnic minority emerging adult males. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2018; 32:109-123. [PMID: 30373396 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2018.1539964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the interactive role of affectivity and stress in substance use severity among ethnic minority, emerging adult males, using linguistic indicators of affect obtained through social media. METHOD Participants were 119 emerging adult, ethnic minority males (ages 18-25) who provided access to their mobile phone text messaging and Facebook activity for 6-months. Computerized text analysis (LIWC2015) was used to obtain linguistic indices of positive and negative affect from texts and Facebook posts. The Perceived Stress Scale was used to measure stress, and items from the Drug Abuse Screening Test were used to measure substance use severity. RESULTS Generalized estimating equations showed that higher negative affect in texts was associated with greater substance use severity. Stress moderated the relationship between positive affect expressed in Facebook posts and substance use such that higher positive affect in Facebook posts was associated with less substance use at higher stress and greater substance use at lower stress. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight the complexities of interactions between stress and affectivity. Findings could inform development of substance use interventions for young males that employ social technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alethea Desrosiers
- a Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences , Yale School of Public Health , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Vera Vine
- b Department of Psychiatry , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Trace Kershaw
- a Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences , Yale School of Public Health , New Haven , CT , USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Culturally Sensitive Adaptations to Evidence-Based Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder: A Case Paper. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
25
|
Zvolensky MJ, Jardin C, Garey L, Robles Z, Sharp C. Acculturative stress and experiential avoidance: relations to depression, suicide, and anxiety symptoms among minority college students. Cogn Behav Ther 2016; 45:501-17. [DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2016.1205658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
26
|
Bao Z, Chen C, Zhang W, Zhu J, Jiang Y, Lai X. Family economic hardship and Chinese adolescents' sleep quality: A moderated mediation model involving perceived economic discrimination and coping strategy. J Adolesc 2016; 50:81-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|