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Zhang H, Lv JL, Zheng QS, Li J. Active components of Solanum nigrum and their antitumor effects: a literature review. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1329957. [PMID: 38192621 PMCID: PMC10773844 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1329957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer poses a serious threat to human health and overall well-being. Conventional cancer treatments predominantly encompass surgical procedures and radiotherapy. Nevertheless, the substantial side effects and the emergence of drug resistance in patients significantly diminish their quality of life and overall prognosis. There is an acute need for innovative, efficient therapeutic agents to address these challenges. Plant-based herbal medicines and their derived compounds offer promising potential for cancer research and treatment due to their numerous advantages. Solanum nigrum (S. nigrum), a traditional Chinese medicine, finds extensive use in clinical settings. The steroidal compounds within S. nigrum, particularly steroidal alkaloids, exhibit robust antitumor properties either independently or when combined with other drugs. Many researchers have delved into unraveling the antitumor mechanisms of the active components present in S. nigrum, yielding notable progress. This literature review provides a comprehensive analysis of the research advancements concerning the active constituents of S. nigrum. Furthermore, it outlines the action mechanisms of select monomeric anticancer ingredients. Overall, the insights derived from this review offer a new perspective on the development of clinical anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jun-lin Lv
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Qiu-sheng Zheng
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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2
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Meng Q, Zhou J, You F, Wu Y, Yang L, Wang Y, Zhang X, Gao S, Yu R, Yin X. A novel biphenyl diester derivative, AB38b, inhibits glioblastoma cell growth via the ROS-AKT/mTOR pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 194:114795. [PMID: 34687671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AB38b is a novel biphenyl diester derivative synthesized in our laboratory, and it has been shown to improve the pathology of nephropathy and encephalopathy in diabetic mice. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal brain tumor, without effective drugs to date. The present study aims at investigating the role of AB38b in GBM growth and revealing the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that AB38b administration showed a dose- and time-dependent inhibition on cell proliferation in multiple immortalized and primary GBM cell lines, but it had no significant effects on human astrocyte cell line. More importantly, AB38b blocked cell cycle progression, induced early apoptosis, decreased the activity of AKT/mTOR pathway, and increased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in GBM cells. Interestingly, antioxidant treatments could reverse the AB38b-mediated abovementioned effects; overexpression of constitutively active AKT could partially rescue the suppressive effects of Ab38b on GBM cell proliferation. In addition, AB38b administration inhibited the tumor growth, decreased the activity of AKT/mTOR pathway, and prolonged the survival time in GBM animal models, without any adverse influences on the important organs. These findings suggest that AB38b exerts anti-glioma activity via elevating the ROS generation followed by inhibiting the activity of AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Meng
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junbo Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangting You
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liquan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shangfeng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Rutong Yu
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Nervous System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Yu L, Wang F, Tai M, Li J, Gong S, Zhou Z, Yin X, Gu X, Li C. 6H2L, a novel synthetic derivative of bifendate, induces apoptosis in hepatoma cells via mitochondrial and MAPK pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 882:173299. [PMID: 32589884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Our previous study indicated that 6H2L, a novel synthetic bifendate derivative, shows multidrug resistance reversal activity, while its antitumor effect has not been revealed. Here, the potent antitumor effects of 6H2L on hepatoma cells both in vitro and in vivo were investigated. 6H2L inhibited cell viability of HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells with less sensitivity to normal human liver L-02 cells. 6H2L induced apoptosis in hepatoma cells. It upregulated Bax expression, while simultaneously decreasing Bcl-2 expression. Further elucidation of the mechanism revealed that 6H2L induced mitochondrial dysfunction, with transmitochondrial membrane potential collapse and cytochrome c release, which activated caspase-9 and caspase-3 and subsequently cleaved PARP, suggesting that 6H2L induced apoptosis via triggering mitochondrial pathway. Moreover, 6H2L decreased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, whereas it increased the expression of p-JNK and p-p38. Then, specific inhibitors of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway were employed to confirm the roles of the MAPK pathway in the apoptosis-inducing effects of 6H2L. Additionally, 6H2L obviously inhibited the tumor growth in H22-bearing ICR mice. Meanwhile, 6H2L remarkably up-regulated Bax while suppressing Bcl-2 in tumors. Importantly, neither significant weight loss, white blood cell (WBC) count, nor histopathological abnormalities of major organs were observed in the mice receiving 6H2L treatment, indicating that 6H2L exerted strong anticancer activities with low toxicity in vivo. In contrast, fluorouracil inhibited tumor growth with significant decreased body weight and WBC count. Taken together, these results suggested 6H2L is a potential therapeutic candidate for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengying Tai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyuan Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoke Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Dong J, Qin Z, Zhang WD, Cheng G, Yehuda AG, Ashby CR, Chen ZS, Cheng XD, Qin JJ. Medicinal chemistry strategies to discover P-glycoprotein inhibitors: An update. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 49:100681. [PMID: 32014648 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The presence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in malignant tumors is one of the primary causes of treatment failure in cancer chemotherapy. The overexpression of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which significantly increases the efflux of certain anticancer drugs from tumor cells, produces MDR. Therefore, inhibition of P-gp may represent a viable therapeutic strategy to overcome cancer MDR. Over the past 4 decades, many compounds with P-gp inhibitory efficacy (referred to as first- and second-generation P-gp inhibitors) have been identified or synthesized. However, these compounds were not successful in clinical trials due to a lack of efficacy and/or untoward toxicity. Subsequently, third- and fourth-generation P-gp inhibitors were developed but dedicated clinical trials did not indicate a significant therapeutic effect. In recent years, an extraordinary array of highly potent, selective, and low-toxicity P-gp inhibitors have been reported. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of the synthetic and natural products that have specific inhibitory activity on P-gp drug efflux as well as promising chemosensitizing efficacy in MDR cancer cells. The present review focuses primarily on the structural features, design strategies, and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Dong
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Zuodong Qin
- Research Center of Biochemical Engineering Technology, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou 425199, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Gang Cheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Assaraf G Yehuda
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Charles R Ashby
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA.
| | - Xiang-Dong Cheng
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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5
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Dei S, Braconi L, Romanelli MN, Teodori E. Recent advances in the search of BCRP- and dual P-gp/BCRP-based multidrug resistance modulators. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2019; 2:710-743. [PMID: 35582565 PMCID: PMC8992508 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major challenges to the success of chemotherapy treatment of cancer. This phenomenon is often associated with the overexpression of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters P-gp (P-glycoprotein, ABCB1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1, ABCC1 and breast cancer resistance protein, ABCG2 (BCRP). These transporters are constitutively expressed in many tissues playing relevant protective roles by the regulation of the permeability of biological membranes, but they are also overexpressed in malignant tissues. P-gp is the first efflux transporter discovered to be involved in cancer drug resistance, and over the years, inhibitors of this pump have been disclosed to administer them in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. Three generations of inhibitors of P-gp have been examined in preclinical and clinical studies; however, these trials have largely failed to demonstrate that coadministration of pump inhibitors elicits an improvement in therapeutic efficacy of antitumor agents, although some of the latest compounds show better results. Therefore, new and innovative strategies, such as the fallback to natural products and the discover of dual activity ligands emerged as new perspectives. BCRP is the most recently ABC protein identified to be involved in multidrug resistance. It is overexpressed in several haematological and solid tumours together with P-gp, threatening the therapeutic effectiveness of different chemotherapeutic drugs. The chemistry of recently described BCRP inhibitors and dual P-gp/BCRP inhibitors, as well as their preliminary pharmacological evaluation are discussed, and the most recent advances concerning these kinds of MDR modulators are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Dei
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health - Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino (FI) 50019, Italy
| | - Laura Braconi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health - Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino (FI) 50019, Italy
| | - Maria Novella Romanelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health - Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino (FI) 50019, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Teodori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child's Health - Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino (FI) 50019, Italy
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6
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Fei W, Xuan Y, Jian X, Yue W, Yuejun Y, Yu J, Huifang X, Yuancai L, Yifu Y, Xiangwei Z. One New Phenolic Compound from Castanea mollissima Shells and its Suppression of HepatomaCell Proliferation and Inflammation by Inhibiting NF-κB Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E466. [PMID: 30678222 PMCID: PMC6386821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Shells of Castanea mollissima (CMS), an agricultural remain and often considered waste from chestnut processing industry, have been proven a resource for traditional Chinese medicine. One new phenol, named castanolB(1), andsix known phenolic compounds (2⁻7) were isolated froma water-soluble extract of CMS. Their chemical structures were determined using preparative HPLC and various spectral analyses, and then were compared to literatures, which indicated the first identification of the seven compounds from C. mollissima. The physicochemical property of compound (2) was also reported for the first time. After antiproliferative screening of compounds (1⁻7) on LPS-induced SMMC-7721 and HepG2 hepatoma cells, castanolB (1) showed the best suppression. CastanolB(1) also significantly induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, castanolB (1) decreasedsecretion of TNF-α and IL-6. Mechanistically, TLR4⁻NF-κB pathway was inhibited bycastanolB (1) with downregulation of TLR4, IKKβ, and NF-κB p65. This study presents a new phenol and shows its profiles of anticancer and anti-inflammation via inhibiting the TLR4⁻NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Fei
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200000, China.
| | - Yao Xuan
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China.
| | - Xu Jian
- Jing Brand Research Institute, Jing Brand Co., Ltd., Daye, 435100, China.
| | - Wu Yue
- Jing Brand Research Institute, Jing Brand Co., Ltd., Daye, 435100, China.
| | - Yang Yuejun
- Jing Brand Research Institute, Jing Brand Co., Ltd., Daye, 435100, China.
| | - Jin Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200000, China.
| | - Xie Huifang
- Biotechnology Research & Innovation Department, Shanghai Huangdian Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200000, China.
| | - Liu Yuancai
- Jing Brand Research Institute, Jing Brand Co., Ltd., Daye, 435100, China.
| | - Yang Yifu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China.
| | - Zheng Xiangwei
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200000, China.
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7
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Discovery of traditional Chinese medicine monomers and their synthetic intermediates, analogs or derivatives for battling P-gp-mediated multi-drug resistance. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 159:381-392. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Dana S, Chowdhury D, Mandal A, Chipem FAS, Baidya M. Ruthenium(II) Catalysis/Noncovalent Interaction Synergy for Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Arene Carboxylic Acids. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suman Dana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Deepan Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Anup Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | | | - Mahiuddin Baidya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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Gu X, Jiang Y, Qu Y, Chen J, Feng D, Li C, Yin X. Synthesis and biological evaluation of bifendate derivatives bearing 6,7-dihydro-dibenzo[ c,e ]azepine scaffold as potential P-glycoprotein and tumor metastasis inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 145:379-388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Fang J, Peng Z, Yang Y, Wang J, Guo J, Gong H. Graphene-Oxide-Promoted Direct Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction of Aromatics. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Fang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province; The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry; Xiangtan University; Xiangtan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Peng
- Chengda Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.; Huanghe Road 36, Economic Development Zone, Jiashan Zhejiang 314100 P. R. China
| | - Yun Yang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province; The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry; Xiangtan University; Xiangtan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province; The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry; Xiangtan University; Xiangtan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Guo
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province; The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry; Xiangtan University; Xiangtan 411105 P. R. China
| | - Hang Gong
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province; The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry; Xiangtan University; Xiangtan 411105 P. R. China
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11
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Gu X, Huang Z, Ren Z, Tang X, Xue R, Luo X, Peng S, Peng H, Lu B, Tian J, Zhang Y. Potent Inhibition of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Bifendate Derivatives against Drug-Resistant K562/A02 Cells in Vitro and in Vivo. J Med Chem 2017; 60:928-940. [PMID: 28068095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance is a major obstacle to successful chemotherapy for leukemia. In this study, a series of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing bifendate derivatives (7a-n) were synthesized. Biological evaluation indicated that the most active compound (7a) produced relatively high levels of NO and significantly inhibited the proliferation of drug-resistant K562/A02 cells in vitro and in vivo. In addition, 7a induced the mitochondrial tyrosine nitration and the intracellular accumulation of rhodamine 123 by inhibiting P-gp activity in K562/A02 cells. Furthermore, 7a remarkably down-regulated AKT, NF-κB, and ERK activation and HIF-1α expression in K562/A02 cells, which are associated with the tumor cell proliferation and drug resistance. Notably, the antitumor effects were dramatically attenuated by an NO scavenger or elimination of the NO-releasing capability of 7a, indicating that NO produced by 7a contributed to, at least partly, its cytotoxicity against drug-resistant K562/A02 cells. Overall, 7a may be a potential agent against drug-resistant myelogenous leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguang Ren
- Department of Environment and Pharmacy, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine , Tianjin 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongfang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Sixun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Environment and Pharmacy, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine , Tianjin 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lu
- Institute of Biophysics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical College , Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Jide Tian
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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12
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Ren Z, Gu X, Lu B, Chen Y, Chen G, Feng J, Lin J, Zhang Y, Peng H. Anticancer efficacy of a nitric oxide-modified derivative of bifendate against multidrug-resistant cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:1095-105. [PMID: 26864945 PMCID: PMC4882976 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) not only actively transports a wide range of cytotoxic drugs across drug transporters but is also a complex interaction between a number of important cellular signalling pathways. Nitric oxide donors appear to be a new class of anticancer therapeutics for satisfying all the above conditions. Previously, we reported furoxan‐based nitric oxide‐releasing compounds that exhibited selective antitumour activity in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we demonstrate that bifendate (DDB)‐nitric oxide, a synthetic furoxan‐based nitric oxide‐releasing derivative of bifendate, effectively inhibits the both sensitive and MDR tumour cell viability at a comparatively low concentration. Interestingly, the potency of DDB‐nitric oxide is the independent of inhibition of the functions and expressions of three major ABC transporters. The mechanism of DDB‐nitric oxide appears to be in two modes of actions by inducing mitochondrial tyrosine nitration and apoptosis, as well as by down‐regulating HIF‐1α expression and protein kinase B (AKT), extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERK), nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) activation in MDR cells. Moreover, the addition of a typical nitric oxide scavenger significantly attenuated all the effects of DDB‐nitric oxide, indicating that the cytotoxicity of DDB‐nitric oxide is as a result of higher levels of nitric oxide release in MDR cancer cells. Given that acquired MDR to nitric oxide donors is reportedly difficult to achieve and genetically unstable, compound like DDB‐nitric oxide may be a new type of therapeutic agent for the treatment of MDR tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Ren
- Department of Environment and Pharmacy, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoke Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Lu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yaqiong Chen
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guojiang Chen
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiannan Feng
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jizhen Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Environment and Pharmacy, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang H, Deng GJ, Li S, Li CJ, Gong H. Non-symmetrical diarylcarboxylic acids via rhodium(i)-catalyzed regiospecific cross-dehydrogenation coupling of aromatic acids: twofold direct C–H bond activations in water. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21185b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient, regiospecific, and general cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction of free aryl acids to generate non-symmetrical diaryl acids was developed. This strategy involves a two fold direct C–H activation catalyzed by rhodium in water, and can be easily scaled up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Shiguang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry
- FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis
- McGill University
- W. Montreal
- Canada
| | - Hang Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of the Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
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14
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Gong H, Zeng H, Zhou F, Li CJ. Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Regiospecific Dimerization of Aromatic Acids: Two Direct CH Bond Activations in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201500220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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15
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Gong H, Zeng H, Zhou F, Li CJ. Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Regiospecific Dimerization of Aromatic Acids: Two Direct CH Bond Activations in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:5718-21. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201500220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Saeed M, Zeino M, Kadioglu O, Volm M, Efferth T. Overcoming of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance of tumors in vivo by drug combinations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.synres.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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17
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Therapeutic effect of dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate on collagen-induced arthritis in rats. Chin J Integr Med 2014; 21:846-54. [PMID: 24584757 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-014-1746-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of oral administration of dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate (DDB) on adjusting angiogeneic/inflammatory mediators and ameliorating the pathology of bones in rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). METHODS Wistar rat model of CIA was set up using bovine collagen type II. Fifty rats were divided into five groups randomly: normal, CIA model, DDB treatment, methotrexate (MTX) treatment, and combined DDB+MTX treatment. Ankle joints of rats were imaged with digital X-ray machine to show the destruction of joints. Fore and hind paw and knee joints were removed above the ankle joint then processed for haematoxylin and eosin staining. Plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor, interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-4, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Nitric oxide levels were detected by Griess reagent. RESULTS Compared with the CIA model group, a remarkable reduction in various angiogenic (VEGF and IL-8) and inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-4 and COX-2) after treatment with DDB either alone or combined with MTX P<0.05 or P<0.01). Histopathological and X-ray findings were confirmatory to the observed DDB anti-arthritic effect. The DDB-treated group showed amelioration in signs of arthritis which appeared essentially similar to normal. CONCLUSION Our data shed light on the therapeutic efficacy of DDB in experimental rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with a choice drug (MTX) and it may be offered as a second-line drug in the treatment of RA.
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Zheng LY, Zang LM, Yang QH, Yu WQ, Fang XZ, Zhang YH, Zhao XJ, Wan N, Zhang YT, Wang QD, Chang JB. Anti-hepatitis B virus activity of α-DDB–DU, a novel nucleoside analogue, in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 702:258-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Yang Q, Zhao X, Zang L, Fang X, Zhao J, Yang X, Wang Q, Zheng L, Chang J. Anti-hepatitis B virus activities of α-DDB-FNC, a novel nucleoside-biphenyldicarboxylate compound in cells and ducks, and its anti-immunological liver injury effect in mice. Antiviral Res 2012; 96:333-9. [PMID: 23098744 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2012] [Revised: 10/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to be a major global cause of acute and chronic liver disease with high mortality. Herein, we examined both the anti-HBV and hepatoprotective activity of α-DDB-FNC. In human HBV-transfected liver cell line HepG2.2.15, α-DDB-FNC effectively suppressed the secretion of HBV antigens in a time and dose-dependent manner with 25.11% inhibition on HBeAg and 43.68% on HBsAg at 2.5 μM on day 9. Consistent with the HBV antigen reduction, α-DDB-FNC (2.5 μM) also reduced HBV DNA level by 77.74% extracellularly and 78.94% intracellularly on day 9. In the duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) infected ducks, after α-DDB-FNC was given once daily for 10 days, the serum and liver DHBV DNA levels were reduced markedly with 96.81% and 97.21% at 10 mgkg(-1) on day 10, respectively. In Con A-induced immunological liver-injury mice, α-DDB-FNC significantly inhibited the elevation of serum ALT, AST, TBiL and liver MDA, NO levels. Furthermore, significant improvement of the liver was observed after α-DDB-FNC treatment both in ducks and mice, as evaluated by the histopathological analysis. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that α-DDB-FNC possesses both antiviral activity against HBV and hepatoprotective effect to Con A-induced liver-injury mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Yang
- The College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
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20
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Hung HY, Ohkoshi E, Goto M, Bastow KF, Nakagawa-Goto K, Lee KH. Antitumor agents. 293. Nontoxic dimethyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylenedioxybiphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate (DDB) analogues chemosensitize multidrug-resistant cancer cells to clinical anticancer drugs. J Med Chem 2012; 55:5413-24. [PMID: 22612652 DOI: 10.1021/jm300378k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel dimethyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylenedioxybiphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate (DDB) analogues were designed and synthesized to improve their chemosensitizing action on KBvin (vincristine-resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma) cells, a multidrug resistant cell line overexpressing P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Structure-activity relationship analysis showed that aromatic and bulky aliphatic side chains at the 2,2'-positions effectively and significantly sensitized P-gp overexpressing multidrug resistant (MDR) cells to anticancer drugs, such as paclitaxel (TAX), vincristine (VCR), and doxorubicin (DOX). DDB derivatives 16 and 23 showed 5-10 times more effective reversal ability than verapamil (VRP) for TAX and VCR. Analogue 6 also exhibited five times greater chemosensitizing effect against DOX than VRP. Importantly, no cytotoxicity was observed by the active DDB analogues against both non-MDR and MDR cells, suggesting that DDB analogues serve as novel lead compounds for the development of chemosensitizers to overcome the MDR phenotype. The mechanism of action studies demonstrated that effective inhibition of P-glycoprotein by DDB analogues dramatically elevated the cellular concentration of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Hung
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel bifendate derivatives bearing 6,7-dihydro-dibenzo[c,e]azepine scaffold as potent P-glycoprotein inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 51:137-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 02/11/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Tang X, Gu X, Ren Z, Ma Y, Lai Y, Peng H, Peng S, Zhang Y. Synthesis and evaluation of substituted dibenzo[c,e]azepine-5-ones as P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance reversal agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2675-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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23
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Gu X, Ren Z, Tang X, Peng H, Ma Y, Lai Y, Peng S, Zhang Y. Synthesis and biological evaluation of bifendate-chalcone hybrids as a new class of potential P-glycoprotein inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:2540-8. [PMID: 22429509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the major problems to successful cancer chemotherapy. To find novel effective P-gp inhibitors, a series of bifendate-chalcone hybrids were synthesized and evaluated. Among them, the most active compound 8g had little intrinsic cytotoxicity (IC(50)>200 μM), and could increase accumulation of Rhodamine 123 in K562/A02 cells more potently than bifendate and verapamil (VRP) by inhibiting P-gp efflux function. And 8g displayed potent chemo-sensitizing effect and persisted for much longer time (>24h) compared with VRP (<6h). In addition, 8g, unlike VRP, showed no stimulation on the P-gp ATPase activity, suggesting it is not a P-gp substrate. Therefore, 8g may represent a promising lead to develop MDR reversal agents for cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
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24
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Synthesis and evaluation of nitric oxide-releasing DDB derivatives as potential Pgp-mediated MDR reversal agents in MCF-7/Adr cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:801-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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25
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Hung HY, Nakagawa-Goto K, Tokuda H, Iida A, Suzuki N, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH. Cancer preventive agents 11. Novel analogs of dimethyl dicarboxylate biphenyl as potent cancer chemopreventive agents(†). PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:18-24. [PMID: 22196579 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.608078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Dimethyl dicarboxylate biphenyl (DDB) is a clinically used hepatoprotectant and has also been found to have chemopreventive activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixteen novel analogs (5-20) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their cancer preventive activity. The 2,2'-bismethyl ester (5-18) and ether (19, 20) DDB analogs were synthesized by insertion of various linear alkyl, short fatty acid, polar, and aromatic groups. All synthesized analogs were evaluated in an in vitro short-term 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced Epstein Barr virus early antigen (EBA-EA) activation assay. Three of the most potent compounds were also tested for inhibitory effects on skin tumor promotion in an in vivo two-stage mouse-skin carcinogenesis test using 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) as an initiator and TPA as a promoter. RESULTS Compound 19 with bisprenyl ethers had the most significant cancer preventive activity (100% inhibition of activation at 1 × 10(3) mol ratio/TPA, 78.4%, 49.7%, and 10.9% inhibition at 5 × 10(2), 1 × 10(2), 1 × 10 mol ratio/TPA, respectively) in vitro. Compound 19 also exhibited a remarkable inhibitory effect on skin tumor promotion in the in vivo two-stage mouse-skin carcinogenesis test. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Thus, DDB analog 19 could be a valuable candidate as a cancer preventive agent or as a lead for the development of new antitumor promoter drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Hung
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
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Laplante SR, D Fader L, Fandrick KR, Fandrick DR, Hucke O, Kemper R, Miller SPF, Edwards PJ. Assessing atropisomer axial chirality in drug discovery and development. J Med Chem 2011; 54:7005-22. [PMID: 21848318 DOI: 10.1021/jm200584g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 498] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Laplante
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, Quebec, H7S 2G5, Canada.
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LaPlante SR, Edwards PJ, Fader LD, Jakalian A, Hucke O. Revealing Atropisomer Axial Chirality in Drug Discovery. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:505-13. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201000485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven R. LaPlante
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC, H7S 2G5 (Canada), Fax: (+1) 450‐682‐8434
| | - Paul J. Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC, H7S 2G5 (Canada), Fax: (+1) 450‐682‐8434
| | - Lee D. Fader
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC, H7S 2G5 (Canada), Fax: (+1) 450‐682‐8434
| | - Araz Jakalian
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC, H7S 2G5 (Canada), Fax: (+1) 450‐682‐8434
| | - Oliver Hucke
- Department of Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) Ltd., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval, QC, H7S 2G5 (Canada), Fax: (+1) 450‐682‐8434
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Wang C, Xu YQ. Diphenyl Dimethyl Bicarboxylate in the Treatment of Viral Hepatitis, Adjuvant or Curative? Gastroenterology Res 2008; 1:2-7. [PMID: 27994699 PMCID: PMC5154208 DOI: 10.4021/gr2008.10.1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/09/2008] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diphenyl dimethyl bicarboxylate (DDB) has been used in some countries as hepatoprotectant adjuvant in the treatment of liver diseases, such as chronic viral hepatitis, chemical or drug induced hepatic damage. Its early confirmed efficacy is to normalize elevated blood alanine aminotransferase (ALT) from different etiologies, however, it can rarely affect the rest hepatic enzymes. In addition, the lowering or normalization of ALT in most cases occurs during DDB treatment, withdrawal of DDB administration results in ALT re-elevated. Hence, for a long time, it has been only used as adjuvant of liver disease therapy. It is still controversial that whether DDB can be beneficial to liver histology. The normalization of ALT in hepatitis does not indicate therapeutic efficacy if without substantial liver histology improvement. In recent years, more studies showed that DDB might have new therapeutical potentials in liver diseases, it may have the effect of anti-viral, anti-malignancy. These new findings were mostly based on the in vitro or animal experiments, more basic studies and clinical trials are needed to ascertain these efficacies, prior to that stage, it is recommended to be cautious to apply DDB clinically for anti-virus and anti-malignancy purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - You Qing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
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