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Capcarova M, Slamecka J, Jurcik R, Sladecek T, Gren A, Argente MJC, Massanyi P. The occurrence and dynamics of polychlorinated hydrocarbons in roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus) in South-western Slovakia. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2019; 54:603-607. [PMID: 30729857 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1574152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to determined polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides in the depot fat of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) coming from south-western Slovakia. The mutual correlations of the organic pollutants were analyzed. The study included dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), hexachlorobenzen (HCB), alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (α + β-HCH), gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB-delor). The gas chromatograph with an electron capture detector ECD was used for analysis. The accumulations of organic pollutant in depot fat of roe deer were in following order: DDT > PCB-delor > α + β-HCH > HCB > γ-HCH. Among all pollutants, DDT was accumulated significantly in the highest level in the samples. The significantly higher content of DDT, HCB, α + β-HCH, and γ-HCH was detected in the adult animals when compared to the juveniles. Some strong positive correlations among pollutants, between HCB and DDT, α + β-HCH and HCB, α + β-HCH and HCB, between γ-HCH and other pollutants, and between PCB-delor and γ-HCH were found. Game animals are a part of human food chain and monitoring of the environment pollution by PCBs and other organic pollutants are worthy to study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Capcarova
- a Department of Animal Physiology , Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra , Nitra , Slovak Republic
| | - Jaroslav Slamecka
- b National Agricultural and Food Centre , Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra , Luzianky , Slovak Republic
| | - Rastislav Jurcik
- b National Agricultural and Food Centre , Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra , Luzianky , Slovak Republic
| | - Tomas Sladecek
- b National Agricultural and Food Centre , Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra , Luzianky , Slovak Republic
| | - Agnieszka Gren
- c Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow , Kraków , Poland
| | | | - Peter Massanyi
- a Department of Animal Physiology , Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra , Nitra , Slovak Republic
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Sun J, Pan L, Tsang DCW, Zhan Y, Zhu L, Li X. Organic contamination and remediation in the agricultural soils of China: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 615:724-740. [PMID: 29017123 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution is a global problem in both developed and developing countries. Countries with rapidly developing economies such as China are faced with significant soil pollution problems due to accelerated industrialization and urbanization over the last decades. This paper provides an overview of published scientific data on soil pollution across China with particular focus on organic contamination in agricultural soils. Based on the related peer-reviewed papers published since 2000 (n=203), we evaluated the priority organic contaminants across China, revealed their spatial and temporal distributions at the national scale, identified their possible sources and fates in soil, assessed their potential environmental risks, and presented the challenges in current remediation technologies regarding the combined organic pollution of agricultural soils. The primary pollutants in Northeast China were polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) due to intensive fossil fuel combustion. The concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) were higher in North and Central China owing to concentrated agricultural activities. The levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were higher in East and South China primarily because of past industrial operations and improper electronic waste processing. The co-existence of organic contaminants was severe in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, which are the most populated and industrialized regions in China. Integrated biological-chemical remediation technologies, such as surfactant-enhanced bioremediation, have potential uses in the remediation of soil contaminated by multiple contaminants. This critical review highlighted several future research directions including combined pollution, interfacial interactions, food safety, bioavailability, ecological effects, and integrated remediation methods for combined organic pollution in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianteng Sun
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lili Pan
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Zhan
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Qu C, Albanese S, Lima A, Li J, Doherty AL, Qi S, De Vivo B. Residues of hexachlorobenzene and chlorinated cyclodiene pesticides in the soils of the Campanian Plain, southern Italy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:1497-1506. [PMID: 28964601 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A systematic grid sampling method and geostatistics were employed to investigate the spatial distribution, inventory, and potential ecological and human health risks of the residues of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and chlorinated cyclodiene pesticides in soils of the Campanian Plain, Italy, and explore their relationship with the soils properties. The geometric mean (Gmean) concentrations of HCB and cyclodiene compounds followed the order CHLs (heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, trans-chlordane, and cis-chlordane) > DRINs (aldrin, dieldrin, and endrin) > SULPHs (α-endosulfan, β-endosulfan, and endosulfan sulfate) > HCB. The residual levels of most cyclodienes in agricultural soils were generally higher than those of corresponding counterparts in the other land uses. Significant differences in the concentration of HCB and cyclodienes in the soils across the region are observed, and the Acerra-Marigliano conurbation (AMC) and Sarno River Basin (SRB) areas exhibit particularly high residual concentrations. Some legacy cyclodienes in the Campanian Plain may be attributed to a secondary distribution. The Gmean inventory of HCB, SULPHs, CHLs, and DRINs in the soil is estimated to be 0.081, 0.41, 0.36, and 0.41 metric tons, respectively. The non-cancer and cancer risks of HCB and cyclodienes for exposed populations are deemed essentially negligible, however, endosulfan poses significant ecological risks to some terrestrial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengkai Qu
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources (DiSTAR), University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80125, Italy; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Stefano Albanese
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources (DiSTAR), University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80125, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Lima
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources (DiSTAR), University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Jiji Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | | | - Shihua Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Benedetto De Vivo
- Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources (DiSTAR), University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80125, Italy
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Liu J, Qi S, Yao J, Yang D, Xing X, Liu H, Qu C. Contamination characteristics of organochlorine pesticides in multimatrix sampling of the Hanjiang River Basin, southeast China. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 163:35-43. [PMID: 27521638 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hanjiang River, the second largest river in Guangdong Province, Southern China, is the primary source of drinking water for the cities of Chaozhou and Shantou. Our previous studies indicated that soils from an upstream catchment area of the Hanjiang River are moderately contaminated with organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), which can easily enter the river system via soil runoff. Therefore, OCPs, especially downstream drinking water sources, may pose harmful health and environmental risks. On the basis of this hypothesis, we measured the OCP concentrations in dissolved phase (DP), suspended particle matter (SPM), and surface sediment (SS) samples collected along the Hanjiang River Basin in Fujian and Guangdong provinces. OCP residue levels were quantified through electron capture detector gas chromatography to identify the OCP sources and deposits. The concentration ranges of OCPs in DP, SPM, and SS, respectively, were 2.11-12.04 (ng/L), 6.60-64.77 (ng/g), and 0.60-4.71 (ng/g) for hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), and 2.49-4.77 (ng/L), 6.75-80.19 (ng/g), and 0.89-252.27 (ng/g) for dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethanes (DDTs). Results revealed that DDTs represent an ecotoxicological risk to the Hanjiang River Basin, as indicated by international sediment guidelines. This study serves as a basis for the future management of OCP concentrations in the Hanjiang River Basin, and exemplifies a pattern of OCP movement (like OCP partition among multimedia) from upstream to downstream. This pattern may be observed in similar rivers in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihua Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yang
- Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinli Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control & Remediation, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengkai Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China; Department of Earth, Environment and Resources Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Naples, Italy
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Haddaoui I, Mahjoub O, Mahjoub B, Boujelben A, Di Bella G. Occurrence and distribution of PAHs, PCBs, and chlorinated pesticides in Tunisian soil irrigated with treated wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 146:195-205. [PMID: 26716883 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Treated wastewater (TWW) is a well recognized source of organic pollutants (OPs) that may accumulate during irrigation. For the first time, data on the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyles (PCBs) and organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) in wastewater irrigated soil in Nabeul (Tunisia) are reported. 13 PAHs, 18 PCBs and 16 OCPs were analyzed in soil samples collected at 0-10 and 10-20 cm depth before each and every irrigation and after the irrigation period expanding from June to October. Soil was extracted with an accelerated solvent extractor and analyzed by a tandem gas chromatograph in selected reaction monitoring mode (GC/MS/MS/SRM). OPs residues were detected before irrigation and accumulated at the end of the season for some of them. The total concentration of PAHs varied between 120.01 and 365.18 μg kg(-1) dry weight (dw) at 0-10 cm depth before and at the end of irrigation, respectively. The total concentration of PCBs varied between 11.26 and 21.89 μg kg(-1) dw at 0-10 cm, being higher than those reported for 10-20 cm. The six indicator PCB congeners (28, 52, 101, 138, 153, 180) were predominant. OCPs concentrations ranged between 12.49 and 21.81 μg kg(-1) at 0-10 cm and between 74.03 and 310.54 μg kg(-1) at 10-20 cm depth. DDT was predominant accounting for more than 94% of the total OCPs. In view of the present results, OPs are relevant to the agricultural environment, calling for more research on their persistence and potential transfer to plants and/or groundwater while taking into account farmers' practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Haddaoui
- Department of Horticultural Systems Engineering and Environment, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott Mariem, University of Sousse, BP. 47, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Olfa Mahjoub
- National Research Institute for Rural Engineering, Water, and Forestry, Carthage University, P.O. Box 10, 2080 Ariana, Tunisia.
| | - Borhane Mahjoub
- Department of Horticultural Systems Engineering and Environment, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott Mariem, University of Sousse, BP. 47, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Abdelhamid Boujelben
- Department of Horticultural Systems Engineering and Environment, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott Mariem, University of Sousse, BP. 47, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Giuseppa Di Bella
- Department of Environment, Safety, Territory, Food and Health Sciences "Carmelo Abbate", University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres No. 31, 98166 S. Agata, Messina, Italy.
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Wang X, Chen J, Lv C. Evaluation of foam surfactant for foam-flushing technique in remediation of DDT-contaminated soil using data envelopment analysis method. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:2994-3003. [PMID: 25226831 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3541-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
With an aim to select the most appropriate foaming surfactant for remediation of DDT-contaminated soil by foam-flushing technique, the performances of nonionic and anionic surfactant in several aspects were observed in this study. SDS had the best foam static characteristic among the four experimental surfactants. The solubilizing ability for DDT followed the order of Tween80 > TX100 > SDS > Brij35. The adsorption loss of SDS onto soil was the lowest. The order of desorption efficiency for DDT followed as TX-100 > Tween80 > Brij35 > SDS. Based on these experimental investigations, the overall performances of foaming surfactants were evaluated by data envelopment analysis method. The results indicated that SDS was the optimal alternative for remediation of DDT-contaminated soil by foam-flushing technique. This conclusion was reached with the consideration of the cost, foam static characteristic, surfactant adsorption loss, solubilizing ability, and desorption efficiency of surfactant for DDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Erdem Z, Cutright TJ. Sorption/desorption of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane(4,4'-DDT) on a sandy loam soil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:24. [PMID: 25626570 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4262-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane(4,4'-DDT) is a pesticide well-known for its negative health and environmental effects. Despite being banned by a majority of world countries more than 30 years ago, its persistence in the environment is a continuing problem even today. The objective of the study was the investigation of sorption/desorption behavior of 4,4'-DDT in sandy loam soil. The impact of contaminant concentration and age was observed with three different experiments. The sorption percentages at the end of the short time step (8 h) were 50 and 92 %, for initial concentrations 2.26 and 5.28 mg/L, respectively. When freshly spiked soil was subjected to a conventional sorption study, 82 to 99.6 % of the initial aqueous DDT concentrations were sorbed within 24 h. When modeled with a Freundlich isotherm, the log K f was found to be 3.62. After six consecutive 24 h desorption steps, 33 to 96.6 % still remained in the soil. This was more pronounced for soils that had been aged for 60 days. After seven consecutive 24 h desorption steps of aged soil, the percent remaining sorbed to the soil were 44, 64, and 77 %, for 25, 250, and 500 mg/kg, respectively. All results show that 4,4-DDT has a tendency of sorbing to the soil rapidly and showing resistance to desorption. When comparing desorption values, aged soils were seen to desorb less than non-aged soils. This result was attributed to stronger binding to soil with increased contact time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziya Erdem
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325-3905, USA
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Hu W, Huang B, Zhao Y, Sun W, Gu Z. Distribution, sources and potential risk of HCH and DDT in soils from a typical alluvial plain of the Yangtze River Delta region, China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2014; 36:345-358. [PMID: 23880843 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-013-9554-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Spatial distribution, sources and potential health risks of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), including hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), in surface soils (n = 544) collected from a typical alluvial plain of the Yangtze River Delta region, China, were elucidated. Concentrations of ΣHCH and ΣDDT in soils ranged from less than the limit of detection (<LOD) to 99.0 ng g(-1), dry weight (dw) (mean 3.23 ng g(-1) dw) and <LOD to 600 ng g(-1) dw (mean 88.8 ng g(-1) dw), respectively. Historical applications of HCH and DDT were the major sources of the residue in soils. HCH was mainly distributed in Anthrosols in the southern part of the watershed, while DDT was mainly distributed in Cambosols in the northern part. The 95 % cumulative probability incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCRs) of different age groups such as children, youths, and adults all exceeded the acceptable risk level of 10(-6) recommended by USEPA for carcinogenic chemicals. The spatial distributions of ∑ILCRs were consistent with concentrations of OCPs in soils, while they were slight different for the different age groups. Adult females had the greatest risk of OCPs in soils, followed by children, while youths had the least risk. The ingestion of OCPs in soils was the more important route of exposure compared with dermal and inhalation exposures. The concentration of OCPs in soils, the particulate emission factor, the fraction of dermal exposure ratio, and the soil ingestion rate were the major contributing variables to total ILCRs according to sensitivity analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyou Hu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China,
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Syed JH, Malik RN, Li J, Chaemfa C, Zhang G, Jones KC. Status, distribution and ecological risk of organochlorines (OCs) in the surface sediments from the Ravi River, Pakistan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 472:204-211. [PMID: 24291563 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorines (OCs) including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) were analyzed in surface sediments from the Ravi River, Punjab, Pakistan. Among the OCPs, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs) and chlordane (cis- and trans-) were most abundant and their concentrations were ranged from n.d to 16.0 ng g(-1), 1.5 to 58.5 ng g(-1) and n.d to 29.0 ng g(-1), respectively. Concentrations of Σ31PCBs ranged from 4.6 to 424.3 ng g(-1) with a mean value of 48.9 ng g(-1). In general, the concentrations of all studied organochlorines (OCs) in sediments collected from the sampling sites in the vicinity of industrial areas were higher than those from the agricultural areas. Compositional analyses of PCBs indicated that penta- and tetra-PCBs homologues were dominant which was consistent with the previous studies. Compared with other areas around the world, levels of OCs in sediments from the Ravi River were within the range, but were found to be much higher than previously reported from Pakistan. According to established sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), screening-level risk assessment of OCPs and PCBs suggested that they have a potential for adverse effects on benthic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabir Hussain Syed
- Environmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chakra Chaemfa
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Kevin C Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
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Biodegradation of lindane using a novel yeast strain, Rhodotorula sp. VITJzN03 isolated from agricultural soil. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 29:475-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-012-1201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Slamecka J, Capcarova M, Jurcik R, Kolesarova A, Ondruska L, Gasparik J, Lukac N, Mertin D. The occurrence and dynamics of polychlorinated hydrocarbons in brown hare (Lepus europaeus) in south-western Slovakia. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2012; 47:1217-1223. [PMID: 22540643 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2012.672068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at obtaining the data on the occurrence, levels and correlations of organic pollutants present in game animals (n = 75, Brown hare, Lepus europaeus Pall.) in the region of south-western Slovakia. The analyses performed included dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), hexachlorobenzen (HCB), alpha- and beta hexachlorocyclohexane (α+β-HCH), gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB-delor, commercial mixture of PCB congeners). A gas chromatograph with an electron capture detector was used for the analysis. PCB-delor and DDT were accumulated significantly in the highest level (0.105 ± 0.059 mg/kg; 0.070 mg/kg) in depot fat in brown hares; however maximum permissible limits for the observed pollutants were not exceeded. Significantly higher concentrations of DDT, HCB, γ-HCH, and PCB-delor were found in adult animals when compared with juvenile hares. Gender and season had no effect on the accumulation of observed pollutants. Moderately positive correlation was found between PCB-delor and DDT (r = 0.59). Monitoring of environmental pollution with polychlorinated hydrocarbons is important with regard to public health, as game animals constitute an important part of food chain also for humans.
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Hu W, Huang B, Zhao Y, Sun W, Gu Z. Organochlorine pesticides in soils from a typical alluvial plain of the Yangtze River Delta region, China. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2011; 87:561-566. [PMID: 21785876 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-011-0368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Residues of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), their risks and affecting factors in 544 representative soils collected from a typical alluvial plain of the Yangtze River Delta region, China, were investigated. Mean concentrations of ΣDDT and ΣHCH in soils were 88.8 and 99 ng/g, respectively. Historical application of DDT and HCH were the major sources of their residues in soils. Concentrations of DDT in soils had relative greater levels of contamination, while concentrations of HCH were almost at safe levels. Residues of DDT and HCH in soils were affected by soil types as well as soil textures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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13
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Hu W, Wang T, Khim JS, Luo W, Jiao W, Lu Y, Naile JE, Chen C, Zhang X, Giesy JP. HCH and DDT in sediments from marine and adjacent riverine areas of North Bohai Sea, China. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2010; 59:71-79. [PMID: 20044748 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-009-9455-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Accepted: 12/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Residues of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and their environmental risks in surface sediments collected from marine and adjacent riverine/estuarine areas in the northern Bohai Sea, China, were investigated. Concentrations of SigmaHCH and SigmaDDT in sediments ranged from below detection (<LOD) to 1964.97 ng g(-1) dry wt (dw; mean, 92.51 ng g(-1) dw) and <LOD to 86.46 ng g(-1) dw (mean, 9.23 ng g(-1) dw), respectively. Concentrations of HCH and DDT were generally higher in marine than riverine sediments. Concentrations of HCH and DDT residues found in the present study were higher than those reported in marine and river/estuary sediments from other areas of the world. The source of HCH in sediments could be explained by the large amount of historical use, while DDT seemed to be a combination of erosion of the weathered soils and long-range atmospheric transport. Concentrations of HCH in sediments from the study areas did not exceed sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), with the exception of gamma-HCH. However, risks posed by concentrations of DDT observed in sediments were found to be moderate to high compared with those posed by consensus-based SQGs. Although the mean sedimentary concentrations of HCH and DDT found in the area of the northern Bohai Sea, China were lower than suggested SQGs in general, their concentrations in some locations were close to or above the SQGs for adverse effects in benthic organisms and, thus, remain a cause for concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyou Hu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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