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Chanchpara A, Maheshwari N, Sahoo TP, Hamirani C, Saravaia H. Molten salt mediated single-step synthesis of reusable nanostructured CaTiO 3 for the removal and recovery of Sr 2+: A potential adsorbent for the contaminated water bodies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118486. [PMID: 38365057 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The facile synthesis approach for the adsorbent preparation and recyclability during decontamination of radioactive pollutants is a significant concern in water treatment. The objective of this study is to, synthesis via solid-state reaction of the nanostructured CaTiO3 for the removal and recovery of strontium (Sr2+) from the various water sources. The influence of the adsorption-dependent parameters including, initial concentration, adsorbent dose, pH, contact time and co-existing ions interference were investigated. The prepared adsorbent was characterized by different analytical techniques like FT-IR, SEM with EDAX, TEM, TGA-DTG, Powder XRD and BET surface analysis. The kinetic models were also used, and according to the kinetic models, a pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.999) was better fitted to the adsorption of Sr2+ ions onto CaTiO3 rather than pseudo-first-order kinetics, which could properly represent the observed adsorption of Sr2+. For the isotherm study, the results are best fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.98) with a maximum adsorption capacity of 102.04 mg/g. The common ions (Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and K+) and Sr2+ having a concentration of 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4, where 82.8, 79.5, and 68.2 % removal was achieved of Sr2+ in each respective matrix. In addition, the adsorption and corresponding recovery and removal for the different Sr2+spiked matrices in deionized water, tap water, well water, lake water, and seawater were investigated with 97, 65.6, 76.5, 73.9 and 17.8 % removal respectively. Also, the CaTiO3 showed excellent recyclability with minimal loss even after 5 consecutive recyclability cycles and >90% removal of strontium achieved. Hence, prepared nanostructured CaTiO3 could be considered a promising adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Sr2+ions from contaminated water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Chanchpara
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Neeta Maheshwari
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
| | - Tarini Prasad Sahoo
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Chirag Hamirani
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
| | - Hitesh Saravaia
- Analytical and Environmental Science Division & Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Cai YH, Gopalakrishnan A, Dong Q, Schäfer AI. Removal of strontium by nanofiltration: Role of complexation and speciation of strontium with organic matter. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121241. [PMID: 38377922 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Strontium (Sr) removal from water is required because excessive naturally occurring Sr exposure is hazardous to human health. Climate and seasonal changes cause water quality variations, in particular quality and quantity of organic matter (OM) and pH, and such variations affect Sr removal by nanofiltration (NF). The mechanisms for such variations are not clear and thus OM complexation and speciation require attention. Sr removal by NF was investigated with emphasis on the role of OM (type and concentration) and pH (2-12) on possible removal mechanisms, specifically size and/or charge exclusion as well as solute-solute interactions. The filtration results show that the addition of various OM (10 types) and an increase of OM concentration (2-100 mgC.L-1) increased Sr removal by 10-15%. The Sr-OM interaction was enhanced with increasing OM concentration, implying enhanced size exclusion via Sr-OM interaction as the main mechanism. Such interactions were quantified by asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (FFFF) coupled with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Both extremely low and high pH increased Sr removal due to the enhanced charge exclusion and Sr-OM interactions. This work elucidated and verified the mechanism of OM and pH on Sr removal by NF membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hui Cai
- Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Akhil Gopalakrishnan
- Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Qilin Dong
- Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Andrea I Schäfer
- Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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Deng P, Lin K, Yuan W, Gomez MA, She J, Yu S, Sun M, Liu Y, Wang J, Chen D, Liu J. Risk assessment and strontium isotopic tracing of potentially toxic metals in creek sediments around a uranium mine, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141597. [PMID: 38432466 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The contamination of creek sediments near industrially nuclear dominated site presents significant environmental challenges, particularly in identifying and quantifying potentially toxic metal (loid)s (PTMs). This study aims to measure the extent of contamination and apportion related sources for nine PTMs in alpine creek sediments near a typical uranium tailing dam from China, including strontium (Sr), rubidium (Rb), manganese (Mn), lithium (Li), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), vanadium (V), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), using multivariate statistical approach and Sr isotopic compositions. The results show varying degrees of contamination in the sediments for some PTMs, i.e., Sr (16.1-39.6 mg/kg), Rb (171-675 mg/kg), Mn (224-2520 mg/kg), Li (11.6-78.8 mg/kg), Cd (0.31-1.38 mg/kg), and Zn (37.1-176 mg/kg). Multivariate statistical analyses indicate that Sr, Rb, Li, and Mn originated from the uranium tailing dam, while Cd and Zn were associated with abandoned agricultural activities, and Ni, Cu, and V were primarily linked to natural bedrock weathering. The Sr isotope fingerprint technique further suggests that 48.22-73.84% of Sr and associated PTMs in the sediments potentially derived from the uranium tailing dam. The combined use of multivariate statistical analysis and Sr isotopic fingerprint technique in alpine creek sediments enables more reliable insights into PTMs-induced pollution scenarios. The findings also offer unique perspectives for understanding and managing aqueous environments impacted by nuclear activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyuan Deng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Lin
- Earth Observatory of Singapore and Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Wenhuan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mario Alberto Gomez
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingye She
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengqing Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyi Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Diyun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the PRD, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
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Czarnek K, Tatarczak-Michalewska M, Szopa A, Klimek-Szczykutowicz M, Jafernik K, Majerek D, Blicharska E. Bioaccumulation Capacity of Onion ( Allium cepa L.) Tested with Heavy Metals in Biofortification. Molecules 2023; 29:101. [PMID: 38202684 PMCID: PMC10780257 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
On a worldwide scale, A. cepa is among the most commonly consumed vegetables. In Europe, the leading onion producers are Russia, the Netherlands, Spain, Poland and Germany. In this study, the bioaccumulation of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe, Mn, Co, Sr, Cd and Pb) by Allium cepa L. plants was followed under hydroponic conditions. The heavy metals were applied at six concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg L-1) over three weeks. The quantitative analysis of selected heavy metals in plant tissues (bulbs, roots and assimilation leaves) was performed using atomic absorption spectrometry with flame atomization (F-AAS). The accumulation of metal ions was strongly dependent on their concentrations in the solution and the analyzed parts of plants. The highest accumulation of metal ions was confirmed for the roots and ranged from 8.48 to 5912.34 µg g-1 DW (dry weight). All parts of A. cepa were characterized by the high accumulation of Mn2+. The lowest accumulation was confirmed for Co2+ in the roots, Pb2+ in the assimilation leaves and Cu2+ in the bulbs of onion. Moreover, the study showed that the highest concentrations of heavy metals decreased the growth of bulbs and even caused them to die off. In contrast, lower concentrations of some elements stimulated plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Czarnek
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medical, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 H Str., 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Tatarczak-Michalewska
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Interdisciplinary Applications of Ion Chromatography, Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (K.J.)
| | - Marta Klimek-Szczykutowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc 19a, 25-516 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Karolina Jafernik
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.S.); (K.J.)
| | - Dariusz Majerek
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Information Technology, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38 Str., 20-618 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Eliza Blicharska
- Department of Pathobiochemistry and Interdisciplinary Applications of Ion Chromatography, Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Malov AI, Sidkina ES, Ershova DD, Cherkasova EV, Druzhinin SV. Time regularities of strontium concentration in drinking groundwater distant from the sea coast. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:8097-8118. [PMID: 37540338 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01710-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper confirms the regularities of the formation of increased concentrations of strontium (Sr) in fresh groundwater used for drinking water supply, depending on the time they are residen in the carbonate deposits of the aquifer. On average, every thousand years, the Sr concentration increases by 2.1-3.5 mg L-1. In addition, high strontium content is positively correlated with altitude and well depth and negatively correlated with redox conditions in the aquifer. Large relief elevations are associated with the development of marginal moraine deposits from the Last Glacial Period composed predominantly of clay, which contributes to a decrease in water exchange. The high Sr content is associated with the dissolution of significant formations of celestite and strontianite, up to their ore occurrences. For this reason, the saturation indices (SIs) for celestite and strontianite correlate with TDS and rise to - 1.42 and 2.05, respectively. Low Sr values do not correlate with the residence time of groundwater in the aquifer or the depth of wells and tend to depressions in the relief, with a virtual absence of overlying sediments and positive Eh values, which indicates an active water exchange. The low level of Sr is associated with the dissolution of gypsum, calcite, and dolomite containing strontium as an impurity. This causes the SIs for gypsum, calcite, and dolomite to correlate with TDS, while for celestite and strontianite, the SI drops to - 5.02 and - 0.92, respectively. The established patterns make it possible to more reasonably choose places for the construction of water wells to obtain drinking water of standard quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I Malov
- N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 20 Nikolsky Ave., Arkhangelsk, Russia, 163020.
| | - Evgenia S Sidkina
- Geological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 7 bld. 1. Pyzhevsky lane, Moscow, Russia, 119017
| | - Daria D Ershova
- N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 20 Nikolsky Ave., Arkhangelsk, Russia, 163020
| | - Elena V Cherkasova
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 19 Kosygin st, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Sergey V Druzhinin
- N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 20 Nikolsky Ave., Arkhangelsk, Russia, 163020
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Yang M, Sun C, Yang L, Zheng S, Fu H. Hierarchical porous loofah-like carbon with sulfhydryl functionality for electrochemical detection of trace mercury in water. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1276:341646. [PMID: 37573122 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is a common contaminant found in natural waters, which is highly toxic to human health. Thus, the facile and reliable monitoring of mercury in waters is of great significance. In this study, we fabricated a novel loofah-like hierarchical porous carbon with sulfhydryl functionality (S-LHC), and applied it as an ultrasensitive sensor for the electrochemical detection of mercury in water. The S-LHC was prepared through the direct pyrolysis of a triazole-rich metal-organic framework (MOF), followed by chemical modification using thioglycolic acid. The highly conductive N-doped carbon framework of S-LHC facilitated the electron transfer in mercury electrochemical sensing. Meanwhile, the open hierarchical pore structure and abundant sulfhydryl groups allowed the fast diffusion and effective enrichment of mercury ions. Consequently, the S-LHC sensor exhibited an exceptionally high sensitivity for mercury ions, with the mercury detection limit (0.36 nM) orders of magnitude lower than the regulated values in drinking water (typically 10∼30 nM). The constructed sensor also afforded good anti-interference ability and excellent stability for long-term detection of mercury in a variety of complex real water samples. The present study provides not only a facile method for mercury detection, but also a new idea for the construction of highly sensitive electrochemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Chenxi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Liuyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Shourong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Heyun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, China.
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Sarath KV, Shaji E, Nandakumar V. Characterization of trace and heavy metal concentration in groundwater: A case study from a tropical river basin of southern India. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139498. [PMID: 37451633 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the hydrogeochemistry of groundwater samples collected from the Shiriya River Basin (SRB), a tropical watershed located in Kasaragod, Kerala, southern India, with a special focus on trace elements. Fifty-four groundwater samples were collected from deep aquifers, which constitute weathered and fractured granitoids and mafic rocks, and the groundwater is tapped by bore wells from a fractured zone at a depth range of 60-100 m. Concentrations of Sr, Li, Ba, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Ag, Au, Te, Pb, Re, and PGEs in groundwater were determined by using Q-ICPMS. Out of the 25 analysed trace elements in groundwater, only Sr (489.6 μg/L), Ba (226 μg/L), Li (11.76 μg/L) Mn (396.8 μg/L), Ni (68 μg/L) and Fe (2438.5 μg/L) show anomalous values. The PGEs and the majority of trace elements show values within the permissible limit. Raman spectral studies reveal the presence of celsian in aquifer rocks and are the source of Ba in groundwater. Further, XRF data of the rocks show a high enrichment of Fe and Mn in mafic dyke, basalt, and syenite, and Ba and Sr in granite, pegmatite, and granitic gneiss. Therefore, this study proved that the source of these elements is geogenic, i.e., they are released from the crystalline aquifer through rock-water interaction under alkaline conditions. The results of this study show that the groundwater of the basin has enough metals such as Na, K, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, and Zn, which are good for health. Nevertheless, a few metals (Fe, Mn, Ba, Sr, Li, Ni) that may exert toxic effects on humans are also present in the groundwater of the SRB. As groundwater is found to be a dependable source of drinking water in such watersheds, a comprehensive study on the hydrogeochemistry of all watersheds in tropical regions is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Sarath
- Department of Geology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695581, India
| | - E Shaji
- Department of Geology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695581, India.
| | - V Nandakumar
- National Centre for Earth Science Studies, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Akkulam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
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Mafulul SG, Joel EB, Gushit J. Health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) concentrations in soil and fruits of selected perennial economic trees growing naturally in the vicinity of the abandoned mining ponds in Kuba, Bokkos Local Government Area (LGA) Plateau State, Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:5893-5914. [PMID: 37183215 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine the level of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contamination in soil and selected fruits and assesses the health risk of inhabitants in the abandoned tin mining community in Kuba, Bokkos LGA. Samples of the abandoned mine soil and selected fruits mango (Magnifera indica), guava (Psidium guajava), avocado pear (Persea americana), and banana (Musa spp)) from the vicinity of the abandoned mine were analyzed for the presence of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the levels of all the PTEs analysed in the abandoned mine soil samples were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than their corresponding values in the control soil from the non-mining area. Except for Cd, the mean concentrations of As, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Pb were significantly higher than the FAO/WHO maximum permissible limit. Except for Zn in guava fruits and Cd in avocado fruits, the mean concentration of PTEs in fruits from abandoned mines was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than their corresponding control values. In contrast, the mean levels of As, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Pb in the investigated fruits were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than FAO/WHO maximum permissible limits established for fruits. The studied fruits remarkably took up and bioaccumulated PTEs from the abandoned mine soil. Mango fruit significantly bioaccumulated As (5.40), Cd (3.40), and Zn (2.81). Guava fruit bioaccumulated As (1.50) and Cd (4.60), while avocado bioaccumulated As (3.53), Cd (3.80), and Zn (6.48). Banana bioaccumulated As (0.96), Cd (0.80), and Zn (6.78). The hazard quotient values for PTEs investigated in fruits for adults, and children were several folds greater than 1. The hazard index (HI) for the PTEs through consuming fruits for children and adults was greater than 1, indicating that possible health risks exist for both local children and adults. However, the HI values for the children were higher than those for adults, implying that children were exposed to more potential noncarcinogenic health risks from PTEs than adults. The total cancer risk (TCR) values for Cr and Ni for all the fruits studied were within 10-3-10-1, which is several-fold higher than the permissible limits (10-6 and < 10-4), indicating high carcinogenic risk. TCR values for Cd and Pb in all the fruits, except for Cd in guava and avocado fruits for children, were within the range of 10-5-10-4, indicating that they are associated with moderate risk. The CR values for all the PTEs in all the fruits for adults and children except for mango fruit adults were within 10-2-10-1, indicating high carcinogenic risk. In conclusion, the results and risk assessment provided by this study indicate that human exposure to fruits from abandoned mines suggests a high vulnerability of the local community to PTE toxicity. Long-term preventive measures to safeguard the health of the residents need to be put in place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Gabriel Mafulul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.
| | - Enoch Banbilbwa Joel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - John Gushit
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
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Salih KAM, Zhou K, Hamza MF, Mira H, Wei Y, Ning S, Guibal E, Salem WM. Phosphonation of Alginate-Polyethyleneimine Beads for the Enhanced Removal of Cs(I) and Sr(II) from Aqueous Solutions. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020152. [PMID: 36826322 PMCID: PMC9957171 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Cs(I) and Sr(II) are not strategic and hazardous metal ions, their recovery from aqueous solutions is of great concern for the nuclear industry. The objective of this work consists of designing a new sorbent for the simultaneous recovery of these metals with selectivity against other metals. The strategy is based on the functionalization of algal/polyethyleneimine hydrogel beads by phosphonation. The materials are characterized by textural, thermo-degradation, FTIR, elemental, titration, and SEM-EDX analyses to confirm the chemical modification. To evaluate the validity of this modification, the sorption of Cs(I) and Sr(II) is compared with pristine support under different operating conditions: the pH effect, kinetics, and isotherms are investigated in mono-component and binary solutions, before investigating the selectivity (against competitor metals) and the possibility to reuse the sorbent. The functionalized sorbent shows a preference for Sr(II), enhanced sorption capacities, a higher stability at recycling, and greater selectivity against alkali, alkaline-earth, and heavy metal ions. Finally, the sorption properties are compared for Cs(I) and Sr(II) removal in a complex solution (seawater sample). The combination of these results confirms the superiority of phosphonated sorbent over pristine support with promising performances to be further evaluated with effluents containing radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid A. M. Salih
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Kanggen Zhou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Mohammed F. Hamza
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Nuclear Materials Authority, POB 530, El-Maadi, Cairo 11728, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.F.H.); (E.G.); Tel.: +20-1116681228 (M.F.H.); +33-(0)466782734 (E.G.)
| | - Hamed Mira
- Nuclear Materials Authority, POB 530, El-Maadi, Cairo 11728, Egypt
| | - Yuezhou Wei
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shunyan Ning
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Eric Guibal
- Polymers Composites and Hybrids (PCH), IMT Mines Ales, CEDEX, F-30319 Alès, France
- Correspondence: (M.F.H.); (E.G.); Tel.: +20-1116681228 (M.F.H.); +33-(0)466782734 (E.G.)
| | - Waheed M. Salem
- Medical Labs Department, Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Menoufia University, Shebine El-Koam 6131567, Egypt
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Zhu H, Xu J, Zhou B, Ren J, Yang Q, Wang Z, Nie W. Leaching Characteristics of Potentially Toxic Metals from Tailings at Lujiang Alum Mine, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:17063. [PMID: 36554944 PMCID: PMC9779374 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192417063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the leaching characteristics and potential environmental effects of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) from alum mine tailings in Lujiang, Anhui Province, soaking tests and simulated rainfall leaching experiments were conducted for two types of slag. PTMs comprising Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Ni were detected in the slag. Cu and Cd contents exceeded the national soil risk screening values (GB 15618-2018). pH values of the two slag soaking solutions were negatively correlated with the solid:liquid ratio. pH values of the sintered slag soaking solutions with different solid:liquid ratios finally stabilized between 4.4 and 4.59, and those of the waste slag soaking solutions finally stabilized between 2.7 and 3.4. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Ni leached from waste slag were higher than those from sintered slag, and the dissolved concentrations of these PTMs in sintered slag were higher under rainfall leaching conditions than soaking conditions (the difference in Cr concentration was the smallest, 5.6%). The cumulative release of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Ni increased as the leaching liquid volume increased. The kinetic characteristics of the cumulative release of the five PTMs were best fitted by a double constant equation (R2 > 0.98 for all fits). Single factor index evaluations showed that Mn and Ni were the PTMs with high pollution degrees (Pi for Mn and Ni exceed 1) in the leaching solutions. However, considering the biotoxicity of PTMs, the water quality index evaluations showed that the water quality of the sintered slag soaking solution, the waste slag soaking solution, and the sintered slag leachate was good, poor, and undrinkable, respectively. The health risk assessment showed that the total non-carcinogenic risk (HI) values in adults for both the sintered slag leachate and waste slag soaking solution exceeded the safe level of 1, with HI values of 3.965 and 2.342, respectively. The hazard quotient (HQ) for Cd was 1.994 for the sintered slag leachate, and Cd and Cr make up 50.29% and 15.93% of the total risk, respectively. Cr makes up 28.38% of the total risk for the waste slag soaking solution. These results indicate a high non-carcinogenic risk of exposure to Cd and Cr in the leaching solution used for drinking purposes. These findings may provide a reference for the evaluation and ecological control of PTM pollution in alum mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Jinbo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Beibei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Jia Ren
- Shaanxi Mining Development Industry and Trade Corporation Limited, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Power China, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Weibo Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
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Keesari T, Sabarathinam C, Sinha UK, R T, Kamaraj P. Fate and transport of strontium in groundwater from a layered sedimentary aquifer system. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136015. [PMID: 35973489 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this article, strontium distribution in sedimentary coastal aquifers of Eastern India was studied and its association with groundwater particles has been ascertained using hydrochemical and morphological tools. Groundwater contains Sr2+ in the range of 0.08-4.0 mg/L with higher concentrations in Cretaceous formation. The particle number in groundwater varies from 4.5 × 105 to 3.3 × 106 per liter and follows the power law distribution with respect to the particle diameter. The calculated β values (2.54 and 4.03) signify the abundance of smaller particles over larger ones. The particle concentration of size range 0.45-8 μm is found to be 0.64-2.6 mg/L. Elemental data of groundwater particles clearly suggest their origin from the host rock minerals. Zeta potential data indicates diverse nature of colloids suggesting prevalence of both positive and negative charged species in the groundwater. The hydrochemical interpretation along with speciation studies infers that high Sr2+ in groundwater is a result of incongruent dissolution of carbonate minerals and the dissolved Sr2+ partitions into both dissociated and un-dissociated forms. Based on the Sr2+/Ca2+ ratio and mineral saturation indices, it can be inferred that the Sr2+ is preferentially associated with colloids over large particles and the migration takes place through sorption of Sr2+ onto clay-bound (extrinsic) colloids in groundwater. This study describes the mechanism of strontium release into groundwater and provides insights into the role of groundwater particles in controlling the strontium migration to deep aquifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirumalesh Keesari
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
| | - Chidambaram Sabarathinam
- Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, India; Water Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
| | - Uday Kumar Sinha
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Thilagavathi R
- Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, India
| | - Pradeep Kamaraj
- School of Applied Natural Sciences (SoANS), Adama Science & Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
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12
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Liu WB, Zhu HL, Xiong YW, Lv J, Huang YC, Wang H. Environmental cadmium exposure during gestation impairs fetal brain and cognitive function of adult offspring via reducing placenta-derived E2 level. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135668. [PMID: 35835241 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Early-life exposure to environmental cadmium (Cd) is known to cause developmental disorders, yet the effect and mechanism of gestational exposure to Cd on the offspring's cognitive function remains unclear. Placenta as a well-established target organ for Cd-impaired fetal development, its role in estrogen regulation and offspring cognitive function is unknown. Our in vivo experiments found that gestational Cd exposure impaired cognitive function in adult male offspring, accompanied with lowered 17β-estradiol (E2) level in the male fetal brain upon Cd exposure. Correspondingly, the expression of synapse-associated proteins including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), post-synaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and synapsin-1 were downregulated, which were reversed when supplemented with E2 hormone during gestation. Further observation showed placental estrogen synthesis inhibition and general control non-derepressible 2 (GCN2) signaling activation upon Cd exposure, whereas placental estrogen synthesis could be restored through inhibiting GCN2 activity. Based on ovariectomy (OVX) of pregnant mice, we confirmed that Cd exposure reduced E2 level in fetal brain via inhibiting placenta-derived estrogen synthesis. The aforementioned Cd-induced fetal brain injury and cognitive impairment in adult offspring were significantly alleviated when pregnant dams were supplemented with anti-stress agent N-Acetyl-l-cysteine. In summary, Cd disrupted placenta-derived estrogen synthesis via activating GCN2 signaling, and thereby caused cognitive impairment in adult offspring mice. Our findings suggest that placenta-derived estrogen may be an effect marker of environmental toxicants-evoked cognitive dysfunction in adult offspring and suggest that environmental toxicants may affect the fetal brain development via placenta-fetal-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bo Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Hua-Long Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Yong-Wei Xiong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China
| | - Jia Lv
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Yi-Chao Huang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China.
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Kumar V, Setia R, Pandita S, Singh S, Mitran T. Assessment of U and As in groundwater of India: A meta-analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135199. [PMID: 35667513 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
More than 2.5 billion people depend upon groundwater worldwide for drinking, and giving quality water has become one of the great apprehensions of human culture. The contamination of Uranium (U) and Arsenic (As) in the groundwater of India is gaining global attention. The current review provides state-of-the-art groundwater contamination with U and As in different zones of India based on geology and soil texture. The average concentration of U in different zones of India was in the order: West Zone (41.07 μg/L) > North Zone (37.7 μg/L) > South Zone (13.5 μg/L)> Central Zone (7.4 μg/L) > East Zone (5.7 μg/L) >Southeast Zone (2.4 μg/L). The average concentration of As in groundwater of India is in the order: South Zone (369.7 μg/L)>Central Zone (260.4 μg/L)>North Zone (67.7 μg/L)>East Zone (60.3 μg/L)>North-east zone (9.78 μg/L)>West zone (4.14 μg/L). The highest concentration of U and As were found in quaternary sediments, but U in clay skeletal and As in loamy skeletal. Results of health risk assessment showed that the average health quotient of U in groundwater for children and adults was less than unity. In contrast, it was greater than unity for As posing a harmful impact on human health. This review provides the baseline data regarding the U and As contamination status in groundwater of India, and appropriate, effective control measures need to be taken to control this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Ramban, Jammu, India.
| | - Raj Setia
- Punjab Remote Sensing Centre, Ludhiana, India
| | - Shevita Pandita
- Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sumit Singh
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Tarik Mitran
- Soils & Land Resources Assessment Division, National Remote Sensing Centre, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500 037, India
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Han Y, Cheng J, An D, He Y, Tang Z. Occurrence, potential release and health risks of heavy metals in popular take-out food containers from China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 206:112265. [PMID: 34699759 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Global consumption of take-out food increased rapidly and the chemicals in their containers become a potential source of human exposure. However, available information on heavy metals in the containers is extremely limited and the associated health risks remain poorly understood. We investigated Cd, Cr, Pb, Sb, Mn, Ni and Co in the popular take-out food containers from China and found the concentrations of these metals were moderate in comparison to the concentrations reported in other food contact materials. The metal concentrations in sampled containers by material type differed significantly, and higher concentrations of Cd, Pb, Sb, Mn and Co were observed in expanded polystyrene samples. The metals in the containers likely originated from intentional addition and/or contamination of materials. The potential release of the metals from containers was simulated and found the median leaching rates of Cd, Pb, Sb, Ni and Co in the range of 0.36-4.80% under typical conditions, which depended largely on the material types. Based on the observed leaching rates, we estimated that the summed carcinogenic risks of Cd, Pb, Ni and Co were unacceptable under specific exposure frequency, although the total non-carcinogenic risks from metal intake were low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China; Environmental Research Institute/School of Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Jiali Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of the National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Di An
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Zhenwu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing, 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China.
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15
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Desai AL, Bhatt KD, Modi KM, Patel C, Pillai SG. Novel edifice calix[4]pyrrole derivatives as a potential sensor for the detection of analytes and In silico computational behaviour. TALANTA OPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2022.100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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16
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Jafarzadeh N, Heidari K, Meshkinian A, Kamani H, Mohammadi AA, Conti GO. Non-carcinogenic risk assessment of exposure to heavy metals in underground water resources in Saraven, Iran: Spatial distribution, monte-carlo simulation, sensitive analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112002. [PMID: 34499897 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater aquifers are considered the second most abundant water supply for drinking water all over the world. In Iran, ground waters are commonly employed for drinking water, irrigation, and industrial purposes. Heavy metals (HMs) pose human concerns about the groundwater contamination; these pollutants are recognized to be capable of bio-accumulation, long persistence in the natural environment, and toxic effects. In the present research, the content of HMs: Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), and Lead (Pb) were detected in 89 water samples collected in 2018 by underground water supplies (active wells) of Saravan city. Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Monte Carlo Simulation approach with 10,000 repetitions were applied to discover the human non-carcinogenic impacts of HMs in four groups of ages (adults, teenagers, children, and infants) of consumers. The concentrations of Cr, Pb, and Cd were in the range of 0.49-20, 0.1 to 58.34, and 0.11-12.8 μg/L, respectively. The mean HQ calculated due to exposure to Pb (0.0018-0.0023), Cr (0.0112-0.0186), and Cd (0.0370-0.0615) were lower than one. The findings of sensitivity analysis revealed that HMs concentration had the most contribution effect on human non-carcinogenic risk analysis in four different exposed populations. This study could assist researchers to perform more comprehensive studies with more samples. Therefore, further research is required for decision-makers to plan proper measurements properly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Jafarzadeh
- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kambiz Heidari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Meshkinian
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hossein Kamani
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Ali Akbar Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
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Ding D, Kong L, Jiang D, Wei J, Cao S, Li X, Zheng L, Deng S. Source apportionment and health risk assessment of chemicals of concern in soil, water and sediment at a large strontium slag pile area. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 304:114228. [PMID: 34920286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Strontium (Sr) is an alkaline earth metal that has adverse effects on bone tissue, but received little attention compared to other often-studied metals. This study analyzed the contents/concentrations of Sr, barium (Ba), sulfate (SO42-), sulfide (S2-), and six common metals in 209 multi-media samples, including slag, soil, groundwater, surface water, and sediment, collected at a large Sr slag pile area. Sr was the dominant chemical of concern (COC) in the soil and groundwater, with contents/concentrations being 35.50-32200 mg/kg and 0.57-152 mg/L, respectively, much higher than those reported in previous research. Contents/concentrations of all COCs in the surface water and sediment were relatively low, except Sr content in the sediment near the slag pile. The LogKd value of Sr was calculated to be lower than those of common metals, indicating relatively high mobility of Sr in the aquatic environment. Contamination assessment using Nemerow index indicated near half of the soil and groundwater sampling locations, especially those within and near the slag pile, were heavily contaminated, and Sr was the dominant COC. The positive matrix factorization model suggested four sources for the COCs in soil, including Sr slag pile/SrCO3 production, agricultural activities, industrial activities, and natural sources, with contribution rates of 66.88%, 5.28%, 7.5%, and 20.34%, respectively. Monte Carlo simulation-based probabilistic health risk assessment revealed that the non-carcinogenic risk of groundwater, and the carcinogenic risk of soil and groundwater, were unacceptable. Notably, Sr was the unique COC posing non-carcinogenic risk among the COCs studied. Our results provide the scientific support needed for managing Sr point source impacted area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Ding
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Lingya Kong
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Dengdeng Jiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Jing Wei
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Shaohua Cao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Xuwei Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Liping Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Shaopo Deng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210046, China.
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18
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Raj AV, Jamwal P, Anju AK, Kumar P, Biswas D, Rao L, Helliwell R, Richards S, Ellis R, Koseoglu N, Yeluripati J, Connelly S. A novel approach to baseline water quality assessment at local and catchment scale: a case study from Berambadi, India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:837. [PMID: 34811602 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09617-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Optimal design and maintenance are necessary for the sustainability of wastewater treatment systems. In this study, we present the outcome of a novel approach to baseline assessment conducted prior to the design and deployment of a decentralized wastewater treatment system at a school in rural India. The baseline water quality monitoring protocol was deployed to assess (a) the quality and quantity of wastewater (greywater and blackwater) flows from the school and (b) the status of surface water and groundwater quality in the catchment. Hourly greywater flows and water quality trends were monitored across four seasons at the school. Average freshwater consumption at the school was 518 ± 322 L/day for hand washing and 287 ± 97 L/day for cooking meals. Greywater generation showed high hourly variations in COD levels. Greywater generated from hand wash and kitchen sources contributed to 110 g/day and 96 g/day of BOD5 respectively and 214 g/day and 141 g/day of COD respectively. Based on additional data from a self-reporting sanitation survey, the organic contaminant load generated from the toilet was estimated to be 1.5 ± 0.1 kg COD/day. At the catchment scale, both groundwater and surface water quality were monitored seasonally to assess the impact of raw sewage and stormwater inputs. Compared with borewells, high nitrate-N levels (> 10 mg/L) were observed in the village hand pump samples throughout the year. Maximum nitrate-N (16 mg/L) and fecal coliforms (3.9 log MPN/100 mL) levels were observed in surface waters during monsoons, indicating the impact of sewage and surface runoff on water quality. The proposed approach is useful to estimate data on freshwater use and wastewater generation at the school and hence to make the case for, and design of, a sustainable water management intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali V Raj
- Centre for Environment and Development, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Bangalore, India
| | - Priyanka Jamwal
- Centre for Environment and Development, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Bangalore, India.
| | - Anusree K Anju
- Centre for Environment and Development, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Bangalore, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Centre for Environment and Development, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Bangalore, India
| | - Durba Biswas
- Centre for Environment and Development, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Bangalore, India
| | - Lakshminarayana Rao
- Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India
| | - Rachel Helliwell
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Samia Richards
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Rowan Ellis
- Social, Economic and Geographical Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Nazli Koseoglu
- Social, Economic and Geographical Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Jagadeesh Yeluripati
- Information and Computational Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK
| | - Stephanie Connelly
- Division of Infrastructure and Environment, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
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Worker health risk of heavy metals in pellets of recycled plastic: a skin exposure model. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 94:1581-1589. [PMID: 34283290 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01727-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE According to epidemiological studies, heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead are "known" carcinogenic substances. After recycling, these metals remain in processed plastics. The purpose of this study was to assess the health risks of heavy metal skin exposure to workers in facilities that recycle plastics. METHODS We used inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to measure the dissolution concentrations of heavy metals in artificial sweat. Twenty-five samples of pellets of recycled plastic were examined, which were composed variously of polypropylene, high-density polyethylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, high impact polystyrene, and polyamide. In addition, we used a "two-step assessment model," divided into exposure and risk characterization, to evaluate the health risks of heavy metal exposure in a simulated exposure environment of pellets of a recycled plastic processing workshop. RESULTS Except for chromium (92%), the detection of lead, cadmium and arsenic was 100% in 25 samples of pellets of recycled plastic. The possible carcinogenic risk levels of As and Cr were, respectively, 2 and 38 times greater than the unacceptable risk level of 10-4 proposed by the US EPA. In addition, arsenic had the highest noncarcinogenic risk of 1.381 × 10-6, which was in the potential risk range of 10-6-10-4 proposed by the US EPA. CONCLUSION We found clear exposure-risk associations between heavy metals (lead, cadmium, chromium, arsenic) and worker health. Particularly, we found workers exposed to As and Cr were more likely to incur cancer.
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Peng H, Yao F, Xiong S, Wu Z, Niu G, Lu T. Strontium in public drinking water and associated public health risks in Chinese cities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:23048-23059. [PMID: 33432414 PMCID: PMC8113192 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12378-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to the fact that strontium (Sr) is not involved in the scope of supervision of drinking water in China, the Sr concentration in public drinking water and its related health risks have been neglected for a long time. In this research, public drinking water samples were collected from 314 cities across the country to reveal the concentration and spatial distribution of Sr in public drinking water. In addition, the Monte Carlo method (a statistical simulation method) was applied to evaluate the Sr intake from drinking water and human health risks among different age groups and different regions. As shown in the results, the Sr was in the concentration range of 0.005-3.11 mg/L with a mean value of 0.360 mg/L. There were significant differences in the Sr concentration in different regions; in general, it was high in the north and low in the south. The Sr intakes of infants, children, teens, and adults from drinking water were 0.273, 0.503, 0.633, and 0.784 mg/day, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between Sr concentration in drinking water and bone mineral density (BMD) in the elderly. Especially, the correlation coefficients (r) between Sr concentration and the BMD of the elderly whose age fell in the range of 60-70 years were 0.692 (male) and 0.483 (female). In addition, the Sr concentration in drinking water was positively correlated with the incidence of children's rickets (r = 0.411), while the Ca/Br ratio was negatively correlated with the incidence of children's rickets (r = - 0.410). According to the health risk assessment, among people of different ages, infants' hazard index (HI) value was the highest. The mean value and 95th percentile value were 0.066 and 0.247. Non-carcinogenic risk of Sr through drinking water among different people in different regions was less than 1, which meant no significant damage to human health. This study is the first time to systematically investigate Sr in public drinking water across the whole country. More importantly, the conclusions can be applied to risk control and management of public drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Feifei Yao
- Qingdao Haier Smart Technology R&D Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Shuang Xiong
- Wuhan Zondy W&R Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Zhonghua Wu
- Qingdao Haier Smart Technology R&D Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Geng Niu
- Wuhan Zondy W&R Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Taotao Lu
- Department of Hydrology, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
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