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Favril L, Yu R, Geddes JR, Fazel S. Individual-level risk factors for suicide mortality in the general population: an umbrella review. Lancet Public Health 2023; 8:e868-e877. [PMID: 37898519 PMCID: PMC10932753 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(23)00207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deaths by suicide remain a major public health challenge worldwide. Identifying and targeting risk factors for suicide mortality is a potential approach to prevention. We aimed to summarise current knowledge on the range and magnitude of individual-level risk factors for suicide mortality in the general population and evaluate the quality of the evidence. METHODS In this umbrella review, five bibliographic databases were systematically searched for articles published from database inception to Aug 31, 2022. We included meta-analyses of observational studies on individual-level risk factors for suicide mortality in the general population. Biological, genetic, perinatal, and ecological risk factors were beyond the scope of this study. Effect sizes were synthesised and compared across domains. To test robustness and consistency of the findings, evidence for small-study effects and excess significance bias (ie, the ratio between the overall meta-analysis effect size and that of its largest included study) was examined, and prediction intervals were calculated. Risk of bias was assessed by the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews instrument. The protocol was pre-registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021230119). FINDINGS We identified 33 meta-analyses on 38 risk factors for suicide mortality in the general population. 422 (93%) of the 454 primary studies included in the meta-analyses were from high-income countries. A previous suicide attempt and suicidal ideation emerged as strong risk factors (with effect sizes ranging from 6 to 16). Psychiatric disorders were associated with a greatly elevated risk of suicide mortality, with risk ratios in the range of 4-13. Suicide risk for physical illnesses (such as cancer and epilepsy) and sociodemographic factors (including unemployment and low education) were typically increased two-fold. Contact with the criminal justice system, state care in childhood, access to firearms, and parental death by suicide also increased the risk of suicide mortality. Among risk factors for which sex-stratified analyses were available, associations were generally similar for males and females. However, the quality of the evidence was limited by excess significance and high heterogeneity, and prediction intervals suggested poor replicability for almost two-thirds of identified risk factors. INTERPRETATION A wide range of risk factors were identified across various domains, which underscores suicide mortality as a multifactorial phenomenon. Prevention strategies that span individual and population approaches should account for the identified factors and their relative strengths. Despite the large number of risk factors investigated, few associations were supported by robust evidence. Evidence of causal inference will need to be tested in high-quality study designs. FUNDING Wellcome Trust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Favril
- Institute for International Research on Criminal Policy, Faculty of Law and Criminology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rongqin Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - John R Geddes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Seena Fazel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Zinchuk M, Kustov G, Pashnin E, Rider F, Sviatskaya E, Popova S, Voinova N, Yakovlev A, Guekht A. Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in Russian patients with epilepsy: A prospective observational study. Seizure 2023; 107:28-34. [PMID: 36940646 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A two-stage study aimed to estimate the prevalence of different types of self-injurious behaviors (suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempts (SA), and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI)) in Russian patients with epilepsy (PWE), to identify factors associated with such behaviors, and to assess their impact on 3-year mortality. METHODS We enrolled 459 consecutive adult PWE from two level 2 outpatient epilepsy centers in Moscow. The study consisted of two phases - first, we assessed all demographic and clinical characteristics and patients' history of SI, SA, and NSSI. In the second phase, three years after the initial screening, we analyzed patients' medical records to assess how self-injurious thoughts and behaviors were related to actual mortality. RESULTS In our sample, the total lifetime and 12-month prevalence of SI was 20% and 5.7%, of SA was 8.3% and 0.7%, and of NSSI was 15.3% and 2.8%, respectively. We found no differences between deceased and alive PWE regarding lifetime and 12-month prevalence of SI, SA, and NSSI. Higher seizure frequency, lifetime NSSI and lifetime diagnosis of mental disorder were associated with SI, whereas traumatic brain injury (TBI), substance abuse, and NSSI were associated with SA in PWE. SIGNIFICANCE Our study adds to the existing data on the prevalence of different types of suicidal behaviors in PWE and advances research on NSSI in this population. However, more research is needed on the long-term consequences of different types of self-injurious behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Zinchuk
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Georgii Kustov
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Evgenii Pashnin
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Flora Rider
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Sofya Popova
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda Voinova
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Yakovlev
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation; Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alla Guekht
- Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Dreier JW, Laursen TM, Tomson T, Plana-Ripoll O, Christensen J. Cause-specific mortality and life years lost in people with epilepsy: a Danish cohort study. Brain 2023; 146:124-134. [PMID: 35234848 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mortality rates are two to three times higher in people with epilepsy than in the general population. This study aimed to quantify how this increased mortality translates into reduced life expectancy and to identify the underlying causes of deaths, thereby offering suggestions for how to reduce mortality associated with epilepsy. In this population-based cohort study, we included all individuals aged 0-94 years who were living in Denmark between 2000 and 2015. Using the nationwide registers, we identified people diagnosed with epilepsy and estimated the excess of life years lost due to 13 overall and nine specific causes of death. Among 6 022 160 people, we identified 129 598 with epilepsy (52.6% males), with a mean age of epilepsy onset of 36.5 years (standard deviation = 26.3 years). During the 16 years of follow-up, 851 087 individuals died, and of these 36 923 had been diagnosed with epilepsy. The average reduction in life expectancy in people with epilepsy was 11.84 years in males (95% confidence interval: 11.66-12.00) and 10.91 years in females (95% confidence interval: 10.70-11.11) compared to the general population. Life expectancy was reduced irrespective of epilepsy aetiology (symptomatic ∼14 years; idiopathic ∼8-10 years), and in particular in people with epilepsy and psychiatric comorbidity (∼13-16 years). Excess mortality was evident across all causes of death including cardiovascular disorders, accidents, and suicide. People with epilepsy experience a substantial reduction in lifespan that can only partly be explained by underlying conditions. Prevention of epilepsy-related deaths should focus on the consequences of psychiatric comorbidity and on modifiable risk factors associated with preventable causes of death such as accidents and neurological and cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Werenberg Dreier
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research (CIRRAU), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Munk Laursen
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research (CIRRAU), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Torbjörn Tomson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oleguer Plana-Ripoll
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research (CIRRAU), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jakob Christensen
- National Centre for Register-based Research, Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Jylhä V, Rosenlund M, Kuusisto H, Saranto K. Patient-generated data in epilepsy care decisions: a scoping review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2022; 20:1578-1584. [PMID: 35238812 DOI: 10.11124/jbies-21-00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This scoping review will explore the meaning and content of patient-generated data in epilepsy care decisions. INTRODUCTION Clinical decisions about management of long-term conditions such as epilepsy are based on multiple factors, including efficacy and safety of interventions, experiences of professionals as well as patient preferences and values. Patient-generated data integrates patient values and preferences into clinical decision-making. However, more information is needed about the meaning and content of patient-generated data when making clinical decisions in epilepsy care. INCLUSION CRITERIA This scoping review will consider studies focusing on patient-generated data and clinical decision-making in epilepsy management. Studies will be included if they concern adult patients with epilepsy, their family members/guardians, or health professionals who treat patients with epilepsy in any health care facility or eHealth services. All studies will be included regardless of methodology. Text and opinion papers will also be considered. Study protocols will be excluded. METHODS The databases to be searched include MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Sources of unpublished studies and gray literature will include websites of relevant epilepsy organizations and DART-Europe E-theses Portal. The data will be extracted by two independent reviewers using a tool created for the study purpose. Along with a narrative summary, the results will be presented in tabular or graphical format in a manner that aligns with the review objective and questions. There will be no time limit on the search. Studies published in English, Finnish, Swedish, and German will be included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virpi Jylhä
- Department of Health and Social Management, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Milla Rosenlund
- Department of Health and Social Management, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Kuusisto
- Department of Health and Social Management, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kaija Saranto
- Department of Health and Social Management, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
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Jin Y, Liu Y, Xu X, Wang X, Zhang Q. Mortality and causes of death among people with convulsive epilepsy in northwestern China. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 127:108492. [PMID: 34954512 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We analyzed mortality and causes of death among people with convulsive epilepsy in rural areas of northwestern China. METHODS We established a population-based prospective cohort of people with convulsive epilepsy in an epilepsy prevention and management program in rural northwestern China from January 2012 to December 2013. A uniform cause of death questionnaire was used to obtain detailed information on participants who died during the follow-up until December 2016. We calculated the standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and proportional mortality rate for major causes of death. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors associated with mortality. RESULTS Among 4296 people with convulsive epilepsy, 216 died during a median follow-up of 59 months. The overall mortality rate was 10.9 per 1000 person-years, and the overall SMR was 2.0. Accidents (25.5%) ranked first in the cause of death, followed by status epilepticus (SE) (22.9%), probable sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) (22.7%), cerebrovascular disease (13.0%), and cardiovascular disease (6.5%). Drowning (10.6%), motor vehicle accidents (13.6%), and falls (4.6%) were the major causes of death by accidents. Female participants had a reduced risk of death from accidents with the hazard ratio (HR) of 0.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1-0.6). A high risk of death from cerebrovascular disease (HR: 7.2; 95% CI: 2.1-23.6) was found in participants with an onset age of epilepsy older than 16 years. SIGNIFICANCE The risk of death from convulsive epilepsy in rural northwestern China is twice that of the general population. Accidents, SE, and SUDEP are the leading putative causes of death. Educating people with epilepsy in different regions may help reduce death-related events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzi Jin
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Yujiao Liu
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Yulin No. 2 Hospital, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xianrui Xu
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China.
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Väätäinen S, Soini E, Peltola J, Charokopou M, Taiha M, Kälviäinen R. Economic Value of Adjunctive Brivaracetam Treatment Strategy for Focal Onset Seizures in Finland. Adv Ther 2020; 37:477-500. [PMID: 31808053 PMCID: PMC6979440 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-019-01155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction There is an unmet need for well-tolerated antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) that effectively control focal onset seizures. This study aimed to evaluate the economic value of new AEDs in the treatment of focal onset seizure, with or without secondary generalization, in Finnish adults and adolescents with epilepsy, comparing brivaracetam with perampanel as adjunctive AEDs. Methods Economic value was assessed using cost-utility analysis. Periods of AED initiation, titration, response assessment (seizure freedom, ≥ 50% reduction, no response), switching in no response or treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), and death were simulated using a discrete-event simulation model. Responses and switching were simulated based on a comprehensive Bayesian network meta-analysis. The primary modeled outcome was the 3%/year discounted incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Discounted quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), payer costs (year 2017 Euro) per patient, and net monetary benefit (NMB) were secondary outcomes. Probabilistic and comprehensive deterministic sensitivity analyses were conducted. Results Brivaracetam was more efficacious and had fewer TEAEs than perampanel and other AEDs. Modeled average 5-year QALYs and costs were 3.671 and €28,297 for brivaracetam and 3.611 and €27,979 for perampanel, respectively. The resulting ICER for brivaracetam versus perampanel was only €5345/QALY gained in a deterministic base case scenario. Brivaracetam had a positive NMB and high probability of cost-effectiveness of €1190 and 71% or €1944 and 80% with the assumed willingness to pay of €25,358 or €38,036/QALY gained, respectively. The primary result was robust, with a positive NMB persistent in all sensitivity analysis scenarios. When switching from brivaracetam to perampanel was excluded from the modeling or switching from perampanel to brivaracetam was included, brivaracetam was cost-saving and more effective than perampanel (dominant). Conclusion These simulated comparisons demonstrated that brivaracetam was more effective and potentially also more affordable than perampanel. Thus, brivaracetam is likely a cost-effective and net beneficial alternative to perampanel for treatment of focal onset seizures. Plain Language Summary Plain language summary available for this article. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12325-019-01155-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Zhang H, Tao J, Zhang S, Lv X. LncRNA MEG3 Reduces Hippocampal Neuron Apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in a Rat Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:2519-2528. [PMID: 33149593 PMCID: PMC7604460 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s270614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common neurological disorder, which is characterized by recurrent spontaneous seizures. Exploring the mechanisms of epileptogenesis has been considered as a priority. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of LncRNA MEG3 in spontaneous recurrent epileptiform discharges (SREDs) and rats with TLE. METHODS Rat model of TLE was produced by intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride and pilocarpine. Rat hippocampal neuronal model of SREDs was established by Mg2+-free treatment. MEG3 was overexpressed by transfection of AAV-MEG3 in TLE and SREDs model. The expression of MEG3, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were detected by corresponding kit. The apoptosis of hippocampal neurons was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase transfer‑mediated dUTP nick end‑labeling (TUNEL) assay and flow cytometry. The expression of proteins related to apoptosis (Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2) and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was detected by Western blot. RESULTS MEG3 expression was downregulated in SREDs and rats with TLE. Overexpression of MEG3 reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, MDA content, apoptosis rate of hippocampal neuron, increased SOD activity, and inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in rats with TLE. In addition, overexpression of MEG3 enhanced cell viability and inhibited apoptosis through the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in SREDs. CONCLUSION MEG3 reduced proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and apoptosis rate of hippocampal neuron and enhanced cell viability through the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in SREDs and rats with TLE. Our findings may contribute to find a new therapeutic target for the treatment of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuyun Tao
- Department of Surgery 1, Chiping County People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252100, People's Republic of China
| | - ShuXia Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhangqiu People's Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong 250200, People's Republic of China
| | - XinXin Lv
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, People's Republic of China
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Davey M, Callinan S, Nertney L. Identifying Risk Factors Associated with Fatal Drowning Accidents in the Paediatric Population: A Review of International Evidence. Cureus 2019; 11:e6201. [PMID: 31890403 PMCID: PMC6919957 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence from Ireland's Childhood Mortality Register demonstrates that drowning is the second leading cause of death in children. It occurs more commonly in adolescent males engaged in summer water-based activities and in children aged 1-4 years with access to swimming pools/unprotected water sources. Despite being an island nation, a significant lack of guidelines exists to reduce drowning accidents in these at-risk populations. AIM Review international evidence surrounding risk factors associated with drowning accidents in the paediatric population and existing risk-reduction guidelines. Methods: Structured review of Cochrane, Cinahl, Pubmed Web of Science databases performed using search terms: ("risk factors" AND "drowning"), ("risk reduction" OR "prevention" OR "swim ability" AND "drowning"). Studies were included if satisfied age criteria (0-18 years). RESULTS Evidence suggests that boys are at highest risk of drowning (1-4 yrs in swimming pools; adolescents in freshwater) with inadequate surveillance, inadequate availability of first responders, certain clinical diagnoses (developmental delay and seizure disorders), lack of swimming ability, and substance misuse in adolescents all posing an increased risk. Formal swimming education in those aged 4+ years, training of supervising adults in safe rescue, installation of isolation barriers, enforcing water safety guidelines, and regulations are all recommended by International Advisory Groups for prevention of drowning. CONCLUSION In Ireland, drowning is the second leading cause of accidental paediatric death in the post-neonatal period, and an important cause of childhood fatalities globally. Risk factors increasing the likelihood of fatal paediatric drownings include gender and distinct age peaks. Certain modifiable risk factors relate to peri-event factors such as lack of supervision, to post-event responses, in particular including lack of trained personnel at the scene. There is a poverty of guidelines specifically targeting the paediatric populations; guidelines generally tend to be included into adult drowning reduction strategies. Specific targeting is required to protect those most at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Davey
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, IRL
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Du Y, Chi X, An W. Downregulation of microRNA-200c-3p reduces damage of hippocampal neurons in epileptic rats by upregulating expression of RECK and inactivating the AKT signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 307:223-233. [PMID: 31018114 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the role of mircoRNA-200c-3p (miR-200c-3p) on hippocampal neuron injury in epileptic rats through the regulation of the AKT signaling pathway by targeting RECK. METHODS The epilepsy rat model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride-pilocarpine. Successful modeled rats were injected with miR-200c-3p inhibitors, inhibitors NC, siRNA-negative control (NC) and RECK-siRNA. The astrocyte activation, levels of oxidative stress indexes, contents of inflammatory factors and the AKT signaling pathway-related proteins in hippocampus tissues were evaluated. RESULTS High expression of miR-200c-3p and low expression of RECK were found in the hippocampus tissues of epileptic rats. Downregulation of miR-200c-3p or upregulation of RECK decreased apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, expression of GFAP, content of MDA and increased the activities of GSH-Px and SOD, decreased expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 as well as expression of p-PI3K/t-PI3K and p-Akt/t-Akt in hippocampus tissues of epileptic rats. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence that downregulation of miR-200c-3p reduces damage of hippocampal neurons in epileptic rats by upregulating RECK and inactivating the AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Du
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
| | - Xiaowen Chi
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
| | - Wen An
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, PR China
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Zinchuk MS, Rider FK, Kustov GV, Pashnin EV, Akzigitov RG, Gudkova AA, Guekht AB. [Suicidality in epilepsy: epidemiology and clinical risk factors]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 118:45-52. [PMID: 30698543 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201811810245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The results of studies on the prevalence of suicidal behavior in patients with epilepsy are discussed in the article. The reasons for the high incidence of suicides among patients with epilepsy are given, with special attention paid to social, demographic, clinical and pathopsychological risk factors. Existing gaps in our knowledge about suicidal behavior in patients with epilepsy are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Zinchuk
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of the Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - F K Rider
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of the Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - G V Kustov
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of the Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Pashnin
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of the Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - R G Akzigitov
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of the Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Gudkova
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of the Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - A B Guekht
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry of the Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Vancampfort D, Hallgren M, Firth J, Rosenbaum S, Schuch FB, Mugisha J, Probst M, Van Damme T, Carvalho AF, Stubbs B. Physical activity and suicidal ideation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2018; 225:438-448. [PMID: 28858658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A potential approach to suicide prevention that has not been closely examined, but which holds promise in terms of widespread dissemination without major side-effects, is physical activity (PA). This systematic review and meta-analysis set out to: (a) explore associations between PA and suicidal ideation (SI) levels, and (b) investigate the effect of PA interventions on SI. METHODS Major electronic databases were searched from inception up to 05/2017 to identify quantitative studies reporting an association between PA and SI. A quantitative correlates synthesis and random effects meta-analysis were conducted. RESULTS Fourteen of 21 studies in adults (67%) (n = 130,737), 7/14 (50%) in adolescents (n = 539,170) and 2/3 (67%) in older adults (n = 50,745) found a significant negative association between PA- and SI-levels. Pooled adjusted meta-analysis of 14 effect sizes over eight studies and 80,856 people found that those who were "active" versus those who were "inactive" were less likely to have SI (OR = 0.87, 95%CI = 0.76-0.98). Additionally, meeting PA guidelines conferred a significant protective effect against SI (OR = 0.91, 95%CI = 0.51-0.99, P = 0.03; N studies = 3, n people = 122,395), while not meeting guidelines was associated with increased SI (OR = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.09-1.24, P < 0.001; N = 4, n = 78,860). Data from the intervention studies (N = 3, n = 121) was mixed and limited. LIMITATIONS Our findings are based mainly on cross-sectional studies, while the majority of studies did not include a rigorous physical activity assessment. CONCLUSIONS The current study suggests that higher PA levels are associated with lower SI. However, the associations observed need to be confirmed in prospective observational studies and controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Vancampfort
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven - University of Leuven, University Psychiatric Centre, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium.
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joseph Firth
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, UK; NICM, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Australia
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Felipe B Schuch
- Unilasalle, Canoas, Brazil; Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - James Mugisha
- Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda; Butabika National Referral and Mental Health Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Michel Probst
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tine Van Damme
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - André F Carvalho
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Translational Psychiatry Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK; Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
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12
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Ikram MA, Brusselle GGO, Murad SD, van Duijn CM, Franco OH, Goedegebure A, Klaver CCW, Nijsten TEC, Peeters RP, Stricker BH, Tiemeier H, Uitterlinden AG, Vernooij MW, Hofman A. The Rotterdam Study: 2018 update on objectives, design and main results. Eur J Epidemiol 2017; 32:807-850. [PMID: 29064009 PMCID: PMC5662692 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-017-0321-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Rotterdam Study is a prospective cohort study ongoing since 1990 in the city of Rotterdam in The Netherlands. The study targets cardiovascular, endocrine, hepatic, neurological, ophthalmic, psychiatric, dermatological, otolaryngological, locomotor, and respiratory diseases. As of 2008, 14,926 subjects aged 45 years or over comprise the Rotterdam Study cohort. Since 2016, the cohort is being expanded by persons aged 40 years and over. The findings of the Rotterdam Study have been presented in over 1500 research articles and reports (see www.erasmus-epidemiology.nl/rotterdamstudy ). This article gives the rationale of the study and its design. It also presents a summary of the major findings and an update of the objectives and methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Guy G O Brusselle
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarwa Darwish Murad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastro-Enterology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André Goedegebure
- Department of Otolaryngology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tamar E C Nijsten
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robin P Peeters
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno H Stricker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Juengst SB, Wagner AK, Ritter AC, Szaflarski JP, Walker WC, Zafonte RD, Brown AW, Hammond FM, Pugh MJ, Shea T, Krellman JW, Bushnik T, Arenth PM. Post-traumatic epilepsy associations with mental health outcomes in the first two years after moderate to severe TBI: A TBI Model Systems analysis. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 73:240-246. [PMID: 28658654 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Research suggests that there are reciprocal relationships between mental health (MH) disorders and epilepsy risk. However, MH relationships to post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) have not been explored. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess associations between PTE and frequency of depression and/or anxiety in a cohort of individuals with moderate-to-severe TBI who received acute inpatient rehabilitation. METHODS Multivariate regression models were developed using a recent (2010-2012) cohort (n=867 unique participants) from the TBI Model Systems (TBIMS) National Database, a time frame during which self-reported seizures, depression [Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9], and anxiety [Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7)] follow-up measures were concurrently collected at year-1 and year-2 after injury. RESULTS PTE did not significantly contribute to depression status in either the year-1 or year-2 cohort, nor did it contribute significantly to anxiety status in the year-1 cohort, after controlling for other known depression and anxiety predictors. However, those with PTE in year-2 had 3.34 times the odds (p=.002) of having clinically significant anxiety, even after accounting for other relevant predictors. In this model, participants who self-identified as Black were also more likely to report clinical symptoms of anxiety than those who identified as White. PTE was the only significant predictor of comorbid depression and anxiety at year-2 (Odds Ratio 2.71; p=0.049). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that PTE is associated with MH outcomes 2years after TBI, findings whose significance may reflect reciprocal, biological, psychological, and/or experiential factors contributing to and resulting from both PTE and MH status post-TBI. Future work should consider temporal and reciprocal relationships between PTE and MH as well as if/how treatment of each condition influences biosusceptibility to the other condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon B Juengst
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Amy K Wagner
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Neuroscience at University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
| | - Anne C Ritter
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jerzy P Szaflarski
- University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Neurology and UAB Epilepsy Center, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - William C Walker
- Dept of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Ross D Zafonte
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Allen W Brown
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Flora M Hammond
- Carolinas Rehabilitation, Charlotte, NC, United States; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Mary Jo Pugh
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System Polytrauma Rehabilitation Center, San Antonio, TX, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Timothy Shea
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jason W Krellman
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tamara Bushnik
- Rusk Rehabilitation, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States(1)
| | - Patricia M Arenth
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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14
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Hansen J, Åsberg S, Kumlien E, Zelano J. Cause of death in patients with poststroke epilepsy: Results from a nationwide cohort study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174659. [PMID: 28380003 PMCID: PMC5381780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of death is increased for persons with epilepsy. The literature on causes of death in epilepsy is based mainly on cohorts with epilepsy of mixed aetiologies. For clinical purposes and improved understanding of mortality in different epilepsies, more information is needed on mortality in epilepsies of specific causes. In poststroke epilepsy (PSE), seizures occur in a setting of vascular disease and high mortality rates. The extent to which epilepsy contributes to mortality in this patient group is poorly understood. We therefore aimed to describe causes of death (COD) in PSE on a national scale. A previously identified cohort of 7740 patients with epilepsy or seizures after a stroke in 2005-2010 was investigated. A total of 4167 deaths occurred before the end of 2014. The standardized mortality ratio for the study cohort was 3.56 (95% CI: 3.45-3.67). The main underlying causes of death were disorders of the circulatory system (60%) followed by neoplasms (12%). Diseases of the nervous system were the sixth leading underlying COD (3%), and epilepsy or status epilepticus was considered the underlying COD in approximately a similar proportion of cases as neurodegenerative disorders (0.9% and 1.1%, respectively). Epilepsy was considered a contributing COD in 14% of cases. Our findings highlight the importance of optimal management of vascular morbidity in patients with PSE. The large proportion of patients with epilepsy as a contributing COD indicate the need of high ambitions also regarding the management of seizures in patients with PSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hansen
- Department of neurology, Sahlgrenska university hospital and Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Signild Åsberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Kumlien
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Zelano
- Department of neurology, Sahlgrenska university hospital and Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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15
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Nevalainen O, Sander JW, Ansakorpi H, Bell GS, Keezer MR. Cause of death and predictors of mortality in a community-based cohort of people with epilepsyAuthor Response. Neurology 2016; 87:852-3. [DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000494744.36250.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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16
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Sun M, Liu H, Xu H, Wang H, Wang X. CNTF-Treated Astrocyte Conditioned Medium Enhances Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel Activity in Rat Cortical Neurons. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:1982-92. [PMID: 27097551 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Seizure activity is linked to astrocyte activation as well as dysfunctional cortical neuron excitability produced from changes in calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channel function. Ciliary neurotrophic factor-treated astrocyte conditioned medium (CNTF-ACM) can be used to investigate the peripheral effects of activated astrocytes upon cortical neurons. However, CNTF-ACM's effect upon KCa channel activity in cultured cortical neurons has not yet been investigated. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings were performed in rat cortical neurons to evaluate CNTF-ACM's effects upon charybdotoxin-sensitive large-conductance KCa (BK) channel currents and apamin-sensitive small-conductance KCa (SK) channel current. Biotinylation and RT-PCR were applied to assess CNTF-ACM's effects upon the protein and mRNA expression, respectively, of the SK channel subunits SK2 and SK3 and the BK channel subunits BKα1 and BKβ3. An anti-fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) monoclonal neutralizing antibody was used to assess the effects of the FGF-2 component of CNTF-ACM. CNTF-ACM significantly increased KCa channel current density, which was predominantly attributable to gains in BK channel activity (p < 0.05). CNTF-ACM produced a significant increase in BKα1 and BKβ3 expression (p < 0.05) but had no significant effect upon SK2 or SK3 expression (p > 0.05). Blocking FGF-2 produced significant reductions in KCa channel current density (p > 0.05) as well as BKα1 and BKβ3 expression in CNTF-ACM-treated neurons (p > 0.05). CNTF-ACM significantly enhances BK channel activity in rat cortical neurons and that FGF-2 is partially responsible for these effects. CNTF-induced astrocyte activation results in secretion of neuroactive factors which may affect neuronal excitability and resultant seizure activity in mammalian cortical neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqun Sun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Huanbai Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Respiration, Anhui Clinical and Preclinical Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, No. 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China.
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Abstract
Epilepsy is a common type of neurological disorder with complex etiology. The mechanisms are still not clear. MicroRNAs are endogenous noncoding RNAs with many physiological activities. Multiple microRNAs were abnormally expressed in status epilepticus, including miR-210. In this study, we applied lithium chloride and pilocarpine to induce epileptic activity and aimed to disclose the potential mechanisms. Our data showed that miR-210 was significantly upregulated in hippocampus one day after modeling (P<0.05 vs control) and the high expression of miR-210 lasted for at least 30 days. By contrast, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level significantly decreased concurrently after modeling (P<0.05 vs control). To question whether miR-210 could be a potential therapeutic target for epilepsy, miR-210 inhibitor was administrated through intrahippocampal injection after epilepsy modeling. Our data showed that morphological changes of hippocampal neurons and apoptosis triggered by epilepsy were mitigated by miR-210 inhibition. More importantly, the expressions of GABA-related proteins, including GABAA receptor α1, glutamate decarboxylase, and GABA transporter 1, were significantly elevated after epilepsy modeling in both mRNA and protein levels 3 days postmodeling (P<0.05 vs control), which were mitigated by miR-210 inhibitor treatment (P<0.05 vs model). In addition, epilepsy-induced upregulation of GABA transaminase was alleviated by miR-210 inhibitor. Taken together, these data implicated potential roles of miR-210 in lithium chloride-pilocarpine-induced epilepsy model and miR-210 could serve as a potential therapeutic target in status epilepticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Chen
- Neurological Department of Internal Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Neurological Department of Internal Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shimeng Zhang
- Neurological Department of Internal Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, People's Republic of China
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