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Tum S, Matsumoto S, Nishikata M, Yasutaka T. Assessment of seasonal changes in groundwater quality of waste rock dump in temperate continental climate, northern Japan. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 327:138482. [PMID: 36963590 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding seasonal groundwater quality changes in temperate continental climate waste rock dumps (WRDs) is necessary for sustainable environmental risk prevention and legacy mine contamination management. Therefore, we conducted a field investigation of a WRD to determine the mechanisms controlling its groundwater quality dynamics. The research aimed to understand the impact of seasonal changes on heavy metals released from the WRD. Three monitoring wells were installed in the WRD to investigate the pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and groundwater level (GL). The mineral composition of the waste rock was determined. Groundwater and river water samples from the monitoring wells and rivers surrounding the WRD were collected for chemical analysis. The sphalerite and galena concentrated in the WRD were assumed to be the main sources of Zn, Pb, and Cd contamination. Summer rainfall was the dominant recharge source of river water, which rapidly infiltrated to the WRD, altering the pH, EC, and GL of the groundwater. The pH, EC, and GL were stable in winter because snowpack covering the surface soil prevented groundwater recharge to the WRD. However, snow melting affected the pH, EC, and GL in the WRD. The sources of groundwater recharge (rainfall, river water, and snowmelt) altered the behaviour of the heavy metals in the WRD through two main mechanisms: the dissolution of sulphide minerals and efflorescent salts upon contact with the recharge water, and the dilution effect of the recharge water, which mixes with the groundwater in the WRD, reducing the heavy metal concentration. Sulphide mineral and efflorescent salt dissolution were significant in the deepest monitoring well and rainfall was the dominant recharge source which increased sulphide mineral and efflorescent salt dissolution in the WRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sereyroith Tum
- Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment, Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 7, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8567, Japan
| | - Shinji Matsumoto
- Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment, Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 7, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8567, Japan.
| | - Miu Nishikata
- Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment, Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 7, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8567, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yasutaka
- Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment, Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 7, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8567, Japan
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Zhao S, Zhang B, Sun X, Yang L. Hot spots and hot moments of nitrogen removal from hyporheic and riparian zones: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:144168. [PMID: 33360457 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Earth is experiencing excessive nitrogen (N) input to its various ecosystems due to human activities. How to effectively and efficiently remove N from ecosystems has been, is and will be at the center of attention in N research. Hyporheic and riparian zones are widely acknowledged for their buffering capacity to reduce contaminants (especially N) transport downstream. However, these zones are usually misunderstood that they can remove N at all spots and at any moments. Here pathways of N removal from hyporheic and riparian zones are reviewed and summarized with an emphasize on their hot spots and hot moments. N is biogeochemically removed by denitrification, anammox, nitrifier denitrification, denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation, Feammox and Sulfammox. Hot moments of N removal are mainly triggered by precipitation, fire and snowmelt. Finally, some research needs are outlined and discussed, such as developing approaches for multiscale sampling and monitoring, quantifying the effects of hot spots and hot moments at hyporheic and riparian zones and evaluating the impacts of human activities on hot spots and hot moments, to inspire more research on hot spots and hot moments of N removal. By this review, we hope to bring awareness of the heterogeneity of hyporheic and riparian zones to catchment managers and policy makers when tackling N pollution problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhao
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Ave, Shanghai 201306, China; College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Baoju Zhang
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Ave, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Ave, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Leimin Yang
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, 1550 Haigang Ave, Shanghai 201306, China
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Shizuka K, Maie N, Nagasaki M, Kakino W, Tanji H. Spring to summer nitrogen level in a brackish lake is higher in abundant snowmelt years: Correlation and causation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2020; 49:119-127. [PMID: 33016350 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is an issue of concern in many brackish lakes with an agricultural watershed. The amount of snowfall in snowy areas is anticipated to decline because of global climate change. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of changes in the inflow of snowmelt on the nutrient concentrations of a downstream brackish lake. In Lake Ogawara, a brackish lake in a snow-covered agricultural area of Japan, we examined the relationships between inflowing river discharge (D/C) during spring and total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in the mixolimnion of the lake ([TNmix ] and [TPmix ], respectively) using 29 yr of monitoring data. In addition, we assessed the causal relationship between the D/C and the lake nutrient concentrations. There was large year-to-year variation in D/C during April (D/CApr ), which accounted for 7-31% of the mixolimnion volume. Significant positive correlations were observed between D/CApr and [TNmix ] from the ensuing April to September. On an annual basis, 49% of the interannual variation of the mean [TNmix ] during the ensuing April to September was explained by the interannual variation of D/CApr . Therefore, D/CApr could be useful as a simple index to [TNmix ] in the ensuing spring to summer. It is notable that the relationships between D/CApr and [TNmix ] from April to September was indicated to be acausal by statistical causal inference. Common climate conditions that increase D/CApr (i.e., a cold winter with a high level of precipitation) were found to drive other biogeochemical processes that increased [TNmix ] during the ensuing spring to summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Shizuka
- Inland Water Fishery Research Institute, Aomori Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center, 344-10 Shiraue, Osaka, Towada, Aomori, 034-0041, Japan
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Kitasato Univ., 23-35-1 Higashi, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Nagamitsu Maie
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato Univ., 23-35-1 Higashi, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Masayasu Nagasaki
- Inland Water Fishery Research Institute, Aomori Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center, 344-10 Shiraue, Osaka, Towada, Aomori, 034-0041, Japan
| | - Wataru Kakino
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato Univ., 23-35-1 Higashi, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Hajime Tanji
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato Univ., 23-35-1 Higashi, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan
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Zhao Q, Chang D, Wang K, Huang J. Patterns of nitrogen export from a seasonal freezing agricultural watershed during the thawing period. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:442-450. [PMID: 28482302 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate water, ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) export processes during the thawing period in a watershed with heavy agricultural activities and to evaluate contributions of N (i.e., NO3--N and NH4+-N) from different source areas under different climate conditions. Experiments were conducted within the 75km2 agricultural Heidingzi watershed in northeast China. The thawing period was divided into four stages: early-melt, late-melt, rain-on-melt, and post-melt. Drainage regions (DRs) were separated into three types. The processes of water and N discharge from soil into rivers were monitored in these DRs during the thawing periods of 2014, 2015, and 2016. Results show that the processes of water and N discharge were not synchronous during the thawing period. Variations in discharge concentrations of NH4+-N and NO3--N during the thawing period were mainly affected by the flushing effect, which was controlled by the physical state of the surface water (snow or ice) and the melt rate of frozen soil. Contributions of N export from the DRs varied under different land uses and climate conditions during the thawing period. NO3--N export was mainly from maize fields. Thawing stages with high NO3--N export were always accompanied by higher discharge rates. NH4+-N export mainly occurred during the early-melt and late-melt stages and from riverside rural regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Jiesheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Tabayashi Y, Miki K, Godo T, Yamamuro M, Kamiya H. Multi-tracer identification of nutrient origin in the Hii River watershed, Japan. LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11355-016-0307-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lawniczak AE, Zbierska J, Nowak B, Achtenberg K, Grześkowiak A, Kanas K. Impact of agriculture and land use on nitrate contamination in groundwater and running waters in central-west Poland. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:172. [PMID: 26887311 PMCID: PMC4757607 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5167-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Protected areas due to their long-term protection are expected to be characterized by good water quality. However, in catchments where arable fields dominate, the impact of agriculture on water pollution is still problematic. In Poland, recently, the fertilization level has decreased, mostly for economic reasons. However, this applies primarily to phosphorus and potassium. In order to evaluate the impact of agriculture on water quality in a protected area with a high proportion of arable fields in the aspect of level and type of fertilization, complex monitoring has been applied. The present study was carried out in Wielkopolska National Park and its buffer zone, which are protected under Natura 2000 as Special Areas of Conservation and Special Protection Areas. The aim of the study were (1) to assess the impact of agriculture, with special attention on fertilization, on groundwater, and running water quality and (2) to designate priority areas for implementing nitrogen reduction measures in special attention on protected areas. In our study, high nitrogen concentrations in groundwater and surface waters were detected in the agricultural catchments. The results demonstrate that in the watersheds dominated by arable fields, high nitrogen concentrations in groundwater were measured in comparison to forestry catchments, where high ammonium concentrations were observed. The highest nitrogen concentrations were noted in spring after winter freezing, with a small cover of vegetation, and in the areas with a high level of nitrogen application. In the studied areas, both in the park and its buffer zone, unfavorable N:P and N:K ratios in supplied nutrients were detected. Severe shortage of phosphorus and potassium in applied fertilizers is one of the major factors causing leaching of nitrogen due to limited possibilities of its consumption by plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ewa Lawniczak
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 94C Piątkowska Street, 60-649, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Janina Zbierska
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 94C Piątkowska Street, 60-649, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bogumił Nowak
- Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, National Research Institute, 174/176 Dąbrowskiego Street, 60-594, Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Achtenberg
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 94C Piątkowska Street, 60-649, Poznan, Poland
| | - Artur Grześkowiak
- Environment and Water Consulting, 165 Piątkowska Street, 60-650, Poznan, Poland
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