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Chaaou A, Chikhaoui M, Naimi M, Miad AKE, Bokoye AI, Ennasr MS, Harche SE. Potential of land degradation index for soil salinity mapping in irrigated agricultural land in a semi-arid region using Landsat-OLI and Sentinel-MSI data. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:843. [PMID: 39187726 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-13030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Irrigated agricultural lands in arid and semi-arid regions are prone to soil degradation. Remote sensing technology has proven useful for mapping and monitoring the extent of this issue. To accurately discern soil salinity, it is essential to choose appropriate spectral wavelengths. This study evaluated the potential of the land degradation index (LDI) using the visible and near infrared (VNIR) and the short wavelength infrared (SWIR) spectral bands compared to that of soil salinity indices by integrating only the VNIR wavelengths. Landsat-OLI and Sentinel-MSI data, acquired 2 weeks apart, were rigorously preprocessed and used. This research was conducted over irrigated agricultural land in Morocco, which is well known for its semi-arid climate and moderately saline soil. Furthermore, a field soil survey was conducted and 42 samples with variable electrical conductivity (EC) were collected for index calibration and validation of the results. The results showed that the visual analysis of the derived maps based on the examined indices exhibited a clear spatial pattern of gradual soil salinity changes extending from the elevated upstream plateau to the downstream of the plain, which limits agricultural activities in the southwestern sector of the study area. The results of this study show that LDI is effective in identifying soil salinity, as indicated by a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.75 when using Sentinel-MSI and 0.72 with Landsat-OLI. The R2 value of 0.89 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.87 dS/m for soil salinity maps generated from LDI with Sentinel-MSI demonstrate high accuracy. In contrast, the R2 value of 0.83 and RMSE of 1.24 dS/m for maps produced from Landsat-OLI indicate lower accuracy. These findings indicate that high-resolution Sentinel-MSI data significantly improved the prediction of salinity-affected soils. Furthermore, this study highlights the benefits of using VNIR and SWIR bands for precise soil salinity mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelwahed Chaaou
- Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Chikhaoui
- Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Mustapha Naimi
- Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Amadou Idrissa Bokoye
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Quebec in Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Sanae El Harche
- Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat, Morocco
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Zarai B, Khaskhoussy K, Zouari M, Souguir D, Khammeri Y, Moussa M, Hachicha M. Smart control of soil water and salt content for improving irrigation management of tomato crop field: Kairouan area. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1408. [PMID: 37921997 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
A good assessment of soil water and salt content is required for sustainable irrigation with brackish/saline water. The use of the Internet of Things (IoT) has been initiated for the tomato crop (Savera variety) as part of the PRIMA MEDITOMATO project. An experiment was carried out between February and June 2022 at a farmer's site. For continuous soil water and salt content assessment, TEROS (11/12) probes were implemented at depths of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 60 cm. The data logging process was performed by a ZL6 device and delivered by the ZENTRA Cloud web application (METER GROUPE Company). For the accuracy of the introduced sensors, calibration tests were first processed. Results of the calibration of the probes in the laboratory and in situ showed linear relationships between the humidity values measured by ZL6 (θZL6) and those determined by the gravimetric method, with high correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.86 and 0.96, respectively. There were also strong linear relationships between the ECbulk(ZL6) and the ECe measured on saturated paste extract with high correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.96 and 0.95. Corrected data, according to the determined linear regression equations, present the real-time assessment of soil water and salt content over the entire growth stage of tomatoes. The results of this monitoring showed that soil water content remained close to its status at field capacity (32%) at the beginning of the assessment and increased with the intensification of irrigation, reaching 46 and 54% at 20 and 30 cm, respectively, around mid-April. The salinity level was greater with depth. Indeed, it was low in topsoil with the increase in irrigation frequency and higher at 30 and 60 cm toward the end of the tomato cycle. According to this study, real-time data given by ZENTRA Cloud allows us to adjust irrigation management on time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Besma Zarai
- National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests LR16INRGREF02, Non-Conventional Water Valorization, University of Carthage, 17 rue Hédi Karray, B.P no. 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia.
| | - Khawla Khaskhoussy
- National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests LR16INRGREF02, Non-Conventional Water Valorization, University of Carthage, 17 rue Hédi Karray, B.P no. 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Zouari
- National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests LR16INRGREF02, Non-Conventional Water Valorization, University of Carthage, 17 rue Hédi Karray, B.P no. 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Dalila Souguir
- National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests LR16INRGREF02, Non-Conventional Water Valorization, University of Carthage, 17 rue Hédi Karray, B.P no. 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Khammeri
- National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests LR16INRGREF02, Non-Conventional Water Valorization, University of Carthage, 17 rue Hédi Karray, B.P no. 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Malak Moussa
- National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests LR16INRGREF02, Non-Conventional Water Valorization, University of Carthage, 17 rue Hédi Karray, B.P no. 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Hachicha
- National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests LR16INRGREF02, Non-Conventional Water Valorization, University of Carthage, 17 rue Hédi Karray, B.P no. 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
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Quantitative Estimation of Saline-Soil Amelioration Using Remote-Sensing Indices in Arid Land for Better Management. LAND 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/land11071041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soil salinity and sodicity are significant issues worldwide. In particular, they represent the most dominant types of degraded lands, especially in arid and semi-arid regions with minimal rainfall. Furthermore, in these areas, human activities mainly contribute to increasing the degree of soil salinity, especially in dry areas. This study developed a model for mapping soil salinity and sodicity using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS). It also provided salinity management techniques (leaching and gypsum requirements) to ameliorate soil and improve crop productivity. The model results showed a high correlation between the soil electrical conductivity (ECe) and remote-sensing spectral indices SIA, SI3, VSSI, and SI9 (R2 = 0.90, 0.89, 0.87, and 0.83), respectively. In contrast, it showed a low correlation between ECe and SI5 (R2 = 0.21). The salt-affected soils in the study area cover about 56% of cultivated land, of which the spatial distribution of different soil salinity levels ranged from low soil salinity of 44% of the salinized cultivated land, moderate soil salinity of 27% of salinized cultivated land, high soil salinity of 29% of the salinized cultivated land, and extreme soil salinity of 1% of the salinized cultivated land. The leaching water requirement (LR) depths ranged from 0.1 to 0.30 m ha−1, while the gypsum requirement (GR) ranged from 0.1 to 9 ton ha−1.
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Wang Z, Zhang F, Zhang X, Chan NW, Kung HT, Ariken M, Zhou X, Wang Y. Regional suitability prediction of soil salinization based on remote-sensing derivatives and optimal spectral index. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145807. [PMID: 33618298 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is an extremely serious land degradation problem in arid and semi-arid regions that hinders the sustainable development of agriculture and food security. Information and research on soil salinity using remote sensing (RS) technology provide a quick and accurate assessment and solutions to address this problem. This study aims to compare the capabilities of Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2A MSI in RS prediction and exploration of the potential application of derivatives to RS prediction of salinized soils. It explores the ability of derivatives to be used in the Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2A MSI multispectral data, and it was used as a data source as well as to address the adaptability of salinity prediction on a regional scale. The two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) optimal spectral indices are used to screen the bands that are most sensitive to soil salinity (0-10 cm), and RS data and topographic factors are combined with machine learning to construct a comprehensive soil salinity estimation model based on gray correlation analysis. The results are as follows: (1) The optimal spectral index (2D, 3D) can effectively consider possible combinations of the bands between the interaction effects and responding to sensitive bands of soil properties to circumvent the problem of applicability of spectral indices in different regions; (2) Both the Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2A MSI multispectral RS data sources, after the first-order derivative techniques are all processed, show improvements in the prediction accuracy of the model; (3) The best performance/accuracy of the predictive model is for sentinel data under first-order derivatives. This study compared the capabilities of Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2A MSI in RS prediction in finding the potential application of derivatives to RS prediction of salinized soils, with the results providing some theoretical basis and technical guidance for salinized soil prediction and environmental management planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wisdom City and Environment Modeling of Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wisdom City and Environment Modeling of Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Land and Water, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- School of Remote Sensing Information Engineering, Department of Informatics, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ngai Weng Chan
- Geography Section, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 George Town, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Hsiang-Te Kung
- Department of Earth Sciences, the University of Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Muhadaisi Ariken
- Key Laboratory of Wisdom City and Environment Modeling of Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Wisdom City and Environment Modeling of Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Yishan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wisdom City and Environment Modeling of Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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Quantitative Evaluation of Spatial and Temporal Variation of Soil Salinization Risk Using GIS-Based Geostatistical Method. REMOTE SENSING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rs12152405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Soil salinization is one of the environmental threats affecting the sustainable development of arid oases in the northwest of China. Thus, it is necessary to assess the risk of soil salinity and analyze spatial and temporal changes. The objective of this paper is to develop a temporal and spatial soil salinity risk assessment method based on an integrated scoring method by combining the advantages of remote sensing and GIS technology. Based on correlation coefficient analysis to determine the weights of risk evaluation factors, a comprehensive scoring system for the risk of salinity in the dry and wet seasons was constructed for the Ebinur Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve (ELWNNR), and the risk of spatial variation of soil salinity in the study area was analyzed in the dry and wet seasons. The results show the following: (1) The risk of soil salinity during the wet season is mainly influenced by the plant senescence reflectance index (PSRI), deep soil water content (D_wat), and the effect of shallow soil salinity (SH_sal). The risk of soil salinity during the dry season is mainly influenced by shallow soil salinity (SH_sal), land use and land cover change (LUCC), and deep soil moisture content (D_wat). (2) The wet season was found to have a high risk of salinization, which is mainly characterized by moderate, high, and very high risks. However, in the dry season, the risk of salinity is mainly characterized by low and moderate risk of salinity. (3) In the ELWNNR, as the wet season changes to dry season (from May to August), moderate-risk area in the wet season easily shifts to low risk and risk-free, and the area of high risk in the wet season easily shifts to moderate risk. In general, the overall change in salinity risk of the ELWNNR showed a significant relationship with changes in lake water volume, indicating that changes in water volume play an important role in the risk of soil salinity occurrence. Ideally, the quantitative analysis of salinity risk proposed in this study, which takes into account temporal and spatial variations, can help decision makers to propose more targeted soil management options.
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