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Manna EDF, Serrano D, Cazzaniga L, Mannucci S, Zanzottera C, Fava F, Aurilio G, Guerrieri-Gonzaga A, Risti M, Calvello M, Feroce I, Marabelli M, Altemura C, Bertario L, Bonanni B, Lazzeroni M. Hereditary Breast Cancer: Comprehensive Risk Assessment and Prevention Strategies. Genes (Basel) 2025; 16:82. [PMID: 39858629 PMCID: PMC11764557 DOI: 10.3390/genes16010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2024] [Revised: 12/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Women carrying pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in moderate- or high-penetrance genes have an increased risk of developing breast cancer. However, most P/LP variants associated with breast cancer risk show incomplete penetrance. Age, gender, family history, polygenic risk, lifestyle, reproductive, hormonal, and environmental factors can affect the expressivity and penetrance of the disease. However, there are gaps in translating how individual genomic variation affects phenotypic presentation. The expansion of criteria for genetic testing and the increasing utilization of comprehensive genetic panels may enhance the identification of individuals carrying P/LP variants linked to hereditary breast cancer. Individualized risk assessment could facilitate the implementation of personalized risk-reduction strategies for these individuals. Preventive interventions encompass lifestyle modifications, chemoprevention, enhanced surveillance through breast imaging, and risk-reducing surgeries. This review addresses the current literature's inconsistencies and limitations, particularly regarding risk factors and the intensity of preventive strategies for women with P/LP variants in moderate- and high-penetrance genes. In addition, it synthesizes the latest evidence on risk assessment and primary and secondary prevention in women at high risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davide Serrano
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Laura Cazzaniga
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Medical Genetics, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Mannucci
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Cristina Zanzottera
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Francesca Fava
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Gaetano Aurilio
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Matilde Risti
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Mariarosaria Calvello
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Medical Genetics, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Oncology Competence Center, Gruppo Ospedaliero Moncucco, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Irene Feroce
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Monica Marabelli
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Cecilia Altemura
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Lucio Bertario
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Bernardo Bonanni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Matteo Lazzeroni
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (D.S.); (L.C.); (S.M.); (C.Z.); (F.F.); (G.A.); (A.G.-G.); (M.R.); (M.C.); (I.F.); (M.M.); (C.A.); (L.B.); (B.B.)
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Fu S, Ke H, Yuan H, Xu H, Chen W, Zhao L. Dual role of pregnancy in breast cancer risk. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2024; 352:114501. [PMID: 38527592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Reproductive history is one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer in women. Pregnancy can promote short-term breast cancer risk, but also reduce a woman's lifetime risk of breast cancer. Changes in hormone levels before and after pregnancy are one of the key factors in breast cancer risk. This article summarizes the changes in hormone levels before and after pregnancy, and the roles of hormones in mammary gland development and breast cancer progression. Other factors, such as changes in breast morphology and mammary gland differentiation, changes in the proportion of mammary stem cells (MaSCs), changes in the immune and inflammatory environment, and changes in lactation before and after pregnancy, also play key roles in the occurrence and development of breast cancer. This review discusses the dual effects and the potential mechanisms of pregnancy on breast cancer risk from the above aspects, which is helpful to understand the complexity of female breast cancer occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiting Fu
- Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Hao Ke
- Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang 330031, China
| | | | - Huaimeng Xu
- Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Wenyan Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330009, China
| | - Limin Zhao
- Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Human Aging, Nanchang 330031, China.
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De Summa S, Traversa D, Daniele A, Palumbo O, Carella M, Stallone R, Tufaro A, Oliverio A, Bruno E, Digennaro M, Danza K, Pasanisi P, Tommasi S. miRNA deregulation and relationship with metabolic parameters after Mediterranean dietary intervention in BRCA-mutated women. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1147190. [PMID: 37081976 PMCID: PMC10110888 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1147190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundBreast cancer onset is determined by a genetics-environment interaction. BRCA1/2 gene alterations are often genetically shared in familial context, but also food intake and hormonal assessment seem to influence the lifetime risk of developing this neoplasia. We previously showed the relationship between a six-months Mediterranean dietary intervention and insulin, glucose and estradiol levels in BRCA1/2 carrier subjects. The aim of the present study was to evidence the eventual influence of this dietary intervention on the relationship between circulating miRNA expression and metabolic parameters in presence of BRCA1/2 loss of function variants.MethodsPlasma samples of BRCA-women have been collected at the baseline and at the end of the dietary intervention. Moreover, subjects have been randomized in two groups: dietary intervention and placebo. miRNA profiling and subsequent ddPCR validation have been performed in all the subjects at both time points.ResultsddPCR analysis confirmed that five (miR-185-5p, miR-498, miR-3910, miR-4423 and miR-4445) of seven miRNAs, deregulated in the training cohort, were significantly up-regulated in subjects after dietary intervention compared with the baseline measurement. Interestingly, when we focused on variation of miRNA levels in the two timepoints, it could be observed that miR-4423, miR-4445 and miR-3910 expressions are positively correlated with variation in vitaminD level; whilst miR-185-5p difference in expression is related to HDL cholesterol variation.ConclusionsWe highlighted the synergistic effect of a healthy lifestyle and epigenetic regulation in BC through the modulation of specific miRNAs. Different miRNAs have been reported involved in the tumor onset acting as tumor suppressors by targeting tumor-associated genes that are often downregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona De Summa
- Pharmacological and Molecular Diagnostics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Debora Traversa
- Pharmacological and Molecular Diagnostics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Daniele
- Clinical Pathology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Raffaella Stallone
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Tufaro
- Biobank, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Andreina Oliverio
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Bruno
- Department of Experimental Oncology IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Digennaro
- Heredo-Familiar Cancer Clinic, IRCCS, Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Katia Danza
- Clinical Pathology Unit, “S. S. Annunziata” Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pasanisi
- Department of Experimental Oncology IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- Pharmacological and Molecular Diagnostics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
- *Correspondence: Stefania Tommasi,
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Finicelli M, Di Salle A, Galderisi U, Peluso G. The Mediterranean Diet: An Update of the Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142956. [PMID: 35889911 PMCID: PMC9317652 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is a term used to identify a dietary pattern originating from the unique multi-millennial interplay between natural food resources and the eating practices of people living in the Mediterranean basin. Scientific evidence has described the healthy properties of the MedDiet and its beneficial role in several pathological conditions. Nevertheless, current socio-economic trends have moved people away from this healthy lifestyle. Thus, clinical and biological evidence supporting the benefits of the MedDiet is needed to overcome these limitations. Clinical nutrition research examines the effects of dietary interventions on biological or health-related outcomes in a determined study population. The evidence produced by these studies is useful for dietary guidance and public health messaging. We provided an update of the clinical trials registered on the database clinicaltrials.gov evaluating the effects of the MedDiet on health and specific diseases. Our findings revealed an increased number of clinical trials in the last decade and found that most disease-related studies focused on cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and cancer. The majority of MedDiet’s beneficial effects could be primarily related to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties as well as the effectiveness of this dietary pattern in controlling waist circumference and obesity. Moreover, strict and long-lasting adherence to the MedDiet as well as the beneficial effects of specific components (e.g., olive oil or its polyphenols) seem to emerge as useful insights for interventional improvements. These findings present further insights into the MedDiet’s resources and how it could strengthen overall public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Finicelli
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (G.P.); Tel.: +39-081-6132-553 (M.F.); +39-081-6132-280 (G.P.)
| | - Anna Di Salle
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gianfranco Peluso
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (G.P.); Tel.: +39-081-6132-553 (M.F.); +39-081-6132-280 (G.P.)
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Rodríguez-Valentín R, Torres-Mejía G, Martínez-Matsushita L, Angeles-Llerenas A, Gómez-Flores-Ramos L, Wolff RK, Baumgartner KB, Hines LM, Ziv E, Flores-Luna L, Sánchez-Zamorano LM, Ortiz-Panozo E, Slattery ML. Energy homeostasis genes modify the association between serum concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 and breast cancer risk. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1837. [PMID: 35115550 PMCID: PMC8813998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease in which the interplay among multiple risk factors remains unclear. Energy homeostasis genes play an important role in carcinogenesis and their interactions with the serum concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 on the risk of breast cancer have not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the modifying effect of the genetic variation in some energy homeostasis genes on the association of serum concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 with breast cancer risk. We analyzed 78 SNPs from 10 energy homeostasis genes in premenopausal women from the 4-Corner’s Breast Cancer Study (61 cases and 155 controls) and the Mexico Breast Cancer Study (204 cases and 282 controls). After data harmonization, 71 SNPs in HWE were included for interaction analysis. Two SNPs in two genes (MBOAT rs13272159 and NPY rs16131) showed an effect modification on the association between IGF-1 serum concentration and breast cancer risk (Pinteraction < 0.05, adjusted Pinteraction < 0.20). In addition, five SNPs in three genes (ADIPOQ rs182052, rs822391 and rs7649121, CARTPT rs3846659, and LEPR rs12059300) had an effect modification on the association between IGFBP-3 serum concentration and breast cancer risk (Pinteraction < 0.05, adjusted Pinteraction < 0.20). Our findings showed that variants of energy homeostasis genes modified the association between the IGF-1 or IGFBP-3 serum concentration and breast cancer risk in premenopausal women. These findings contribute to a better understanding of this multifactorial pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Rodríguez-Valentín
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Torres-Mejía
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | | | - Angélica Angeles-Llerenas
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Liliana Gómez-Flores-Ramos
- Cátedras CONACYT-Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Roger K Wolff
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Kathy B Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Lisa M Hines
- Department of Biology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, 80918, USA
| | - Elad Ziv
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Lourdes Flores-Luna
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Luisa Ma Sánchez-Zamorano
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Ortiz-Panozo
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Martha L Slattery
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
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Jaiswal P, Tripathi V, Nayak A, Kataria S, Lukashevich V, Das A, Parmar HS. A molecular link between diabetes and breast cancer: Therapeutic potential of repurposing incretin-based therapies for breast cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:829-848. [PMID: 34468298 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210901101851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Female breast cancer recently surpassed lung cancer and became the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. As per the recent data from WHO, breast cancer accounts for one out of every 8 cancer cases diagnosed among an estimated 2.3 million new cancer cases. Breast cancer is the most prevailing cancer type among women causing the highest number of cancer-related mortality. It has been estimated that in 2020, 68,5000 women died due to this disease. Breast cancers have varying degrees of molecular heterogeneity; therefore, they are divided into various molecular clinical sub types. Recent reports suggest that type 2 diabetes (one of the common chronic diseases worldwide) is linked to the higher incidence, accelerated progression, and aggressiveness of different cancers; especially breast cancer. Breast cancer is hormone-dependent in nature and has a cross-talk with metabolism. A number of antidiabetic therapies are known to exert beneficial effects on various types of cancers, including breast cancer. However, only a few reports are available on the role of incretin-based antidiabetic therapies in cancer as a whole and in breast cancer in particular. The present review sheds light on the potential of incretin based therapies on breast cancer and explores the plausible underlying mechanisms. Additionally, we have also discussed the sub types of breast cancer as well as the intricate relationship between diabetes and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Jaiswal
- School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Indore-452001. M.P., India
| | - Versha Tripathi
- School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Indore-452001. M.P., India
| | - Aakruti Nayak
- School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Indore-452001. M.P., India
| | - Shreya Kataria
- School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Indore-452001. M.P., India
| | - Vladimir Lukashevich
- Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk-220072. Belarus
| | - Apurba Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, IIT, Indore, Simrol, Indore, M.P., India
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Ianza A, Sirico M, Bernocchi O, Generali D. Role of the IGF-1 Axis in Overcoming Resistance in Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:641449. [PMID: 33829018 PMCID: PMC8019779 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.641449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, many studies have demonstrated that the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is involved in a number of patho-physiological processes, as well as in the development of different types of solid tumors, including breast cancer (BC). Preclinical and clinical data showed that IGF-1 receptor (R) is overexpressed and hyper-phosphorylated in several subtypes of BCs. The central implications of this pathway in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis make it an important therapeutic target. Moreover, the IGF-1 axis has shown strong interconnection with estrogen regulation and endocrine therapy, suggesting a possible solution to anti-estrogen resistance. IGF-1R might also interfere with other pivotal therapeutic strategies, such as anti HER2 treatments and mTOR inhibitors; several clinical trials are ongoing evaluating the role of IGF-1R inhibition in modulating resistance mechanisms to target therapies. Our aim is to offer an overview of the most recent and significant field of application of IGF-1 inhibitors and relevant therapeutic strategies, weighing their possible future impact on clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ianza
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marianna Sirico
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Breast Cancer Unit and Translational Research Unit, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Ottavia Bernocchi
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy
| | - Daniele Generali
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy
- Breast Cancer Unit and Translational Research Unit, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Bruno E, Oliverio A, Paradiso A, Daniele A, Tommasi S, Terribile DA, Filippone A, Digennaro M, Pilato B, Danza K, Guarino D, Rossi C, Rossi MM, Venturelli E, Giussani M, Peissel B, Pasanisi P. Lifestyle Characteristics in Women Carriers of BRCA Mutations: Results From an Italian Trial Cohort. Clin Breast Cancer 2020; 21:e168-e176. [PMID: 33357965 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with deleterious mutations in BRCA1/2 have a high lifetime penetrance of developing breast cancer and/or ovarian cancer. Genetic and/or environmental factors may influence BRCA penetrance, and identifying modifiable exposures might be valuable for prevention. PATIENTS AND METHODS We implemented a multicenter prospective 2-arm (1:1) randomized controlled trial to investigate whether a Mediterranean dietary intervention with moderate protein restriction would reduce potential modulators of BRCA penetrance such as insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), body weight, and metabolic risk factors. We studied the baseline characteristics of women with BRCA-positive disease who joined the trial cohort, focusing on the relationships between selected lifestyle exposures, metabolic/anthropometric parameters, and BRCA-related cancer. RESULTS A total of 502 women (304 with a previous diagnosis of breast cancer and/or ovarian cancer and 198 unaffected) with deleterious BRCA mutations, with or without a previous cancer, aged 18 to 70 years and without metastases were included. Late age at menarche and pregnancy were negatively associated with BRCA-related cancer, especially in women with BRCA1-positive disease. Higher fat mass and the presence of 4 or 5 metabolic risk factors were significantly associated with BRCA-related cancer (hazard ratio, 1.87, 95% confidence interval, 1.21-2.88; and hazard ratio, 1.87, 95% confidence interval, 1.11-3.19, respectively), with greater effect in BRCA2-positive women. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm previous observations about reproductive factors in women with BRCA disease and suggest a potential impact of metabolic factors in BRCA-related cancer. The prospective follow-up of the trial cohort will enable us to study the environmental modulators of BRCA penetrance and their impact in relation to the history of BRCA-related cancer. [ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03066856].
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Bruno
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andreina Oliverio
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Paradiso
- Experimental Oncology, Center for Study of Heredo-Familial Tumors, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Daniele
- Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela A Terribile
- Department of Women Health Area, Università Cattolica, Rome, Italy; Department of Women and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Digennaro
- Experimental Oncology, Center for Study of Heredo-Familial Tumors, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Brunella Pilato
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Katia Danza
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Rossi
- Department of Women and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Women and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Venturelli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Giussani
- Unit of Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernard Peissel
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pasanisi
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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9
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Bruno E, Oliverio A, Paradiso AV, Daniele A, Tommasi S, Tufaro A, Terribile DA, Magno S, Filippone A, Venturelli E, Morelli D, Baldassari I, Cravana ML, Manoukian S, Pasanisi P. A Mediterranean Dietary Intervention in Female Carriers of BRCA Mutations: Results from an Italian Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3732. [PMID: 33322597 PMCID: PMC7764681 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Women carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations face a high lifetime risk (penetrance) of developing breast and/or ovarian cancer. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), body weight and markers of insulin resistance affect BRCA penetrance. We conducted a multicenter prospective two-armed (1:1) randomized controlled trial (NCT03066856) to investigate whether a Mediterranean dietary intervention with moderate protein restriction reduces IGF-I and other metabolic modulators of BRCA penetrance. Methods: BRCA carriers, with or without a previous cancer, aged 18-70 years and without metastases were randomly assigned to an active dietary intervention group (IG) or to a control group (CG). The primary endpoint of the intervention was the IGF-I reduction. Results: 416 women (216 in the IG and 200 in the CG) concluded the six-month dietary intervention. The IG showed significantly lowered serum levels of IGF-I (-11.3 ng/mL versus -1.3 ng/mL, p = 0.02), weight (-1.5 Kg versus -0.5 Kg, p < 0.001), waist circumference (-2 cm versus -0.7 cm, p = 0.01), hip circumference (-1.6 cm versus -0.5 cm, p = 0.01), total cholesterol (-10.2 mg/dL versus -3.6 mg/dL, p = 0.04) and triglycerides (-8.7 mg/dL versus + 5.5 mg/dL, p = 0.01) with respect to the CG. Conclusions: A Mediterranean dietary intervention with moderate protein restriction is effective in reducing IGF-I and other potential modulators of BRCA penetrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Bruno
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.B.); (A.O.); (E.V.); (I.B.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Andreina Oliverio
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.B.); (A.O.); (E.V.); (I.B.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Angelo Virgilio Paradiso
- Experimental Oncology, Center for Study of Heredo-Familial Tumors, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Antonella Daniele
- Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.); (A.T.)
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Antonio Tufaro
- Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.); (A.T.)
| | - Daniela Andreina Terribile
- Department of Women Health Area, Università Cattolica S. Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.A.T.); (A.F.)
- Department of Women and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefano Magno
- Department of Women and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessio Filippone
- Department of Women Health Area, Università Cattolica S. Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.A.T.); (A.F.)
| | - Elisabetta Venturelli
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.B.); (A.O.); (E.V.); (I.B.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Daniele Morelli
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Ivan Baldassari
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.B.); (A.O.); (E.V.); (I.B.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Maria Luisa Cravana
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.B.); (A.O.); (E.V.); (I.B.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Pasanisi
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.B.); (A.O.); (E.V.); (I.B.); (M.L.C.)
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10
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Buja A, Pierbon M, Lago L, Grotto G, Baldo V. Breast Cancer Primary Prevention and Diet: An Umbrella Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E4731. [PMID: 32630215 PMCID: PMC7369836 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Many studies have been published, but none have pooled the useful evidence available in the literature to produce guidelines and health policies promoting healthy eating styles to prevent breast cancer (BC). The present study aimed to summarize the evidence produced to date, taking a judicious, critical approach to the quality of the studies analyzed. Methods: An umbrella review method was adopted, which is a systematic review of second-level studies, meta-analyses and literature reviews. Results: In all, 48 studies were considered: 32 meta-analyses, 4 pooled analyses, 5 systematic reviews, and 7 qualitative reviews. A higher intake of total meat, or red or processed meats, or foods with a high glycemic index, or eggs would seem to be associated with a higher risk of BC. Some foods, such as vegetables, would seem instead to have an inverse association with BC risk. One meta-analysis revealed an inverse association between citrus fruit and mushroom consumption and BC. Some nutrients, such as calcium, folate, vitamin D, lignans and carotenoids, also seem to be inversely associated with BC risk. The evidence is still conflicting as concerns exposure to other dietary elements (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids, dairy foods). Conclusion: Nutrition is one of the most modifiable aspects of people's lifestyles and dietary choices can affect health and the risk of cancer. Overall, adhering to a healthy eating style may be associated with a significant reduction in the risk of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Buja
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Via Loredan 18, 35127 Padova, Italy; (G.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Marco Pierbon
- Masters Course in Sciences for the Public Health and Prevention Professions, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (L.L.)
| | - Laura Lago
- Masters Course in Sciences for the Public Health and Prevention Professions, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.P.); (L.L.)
| | - Giulia Grotto
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Via Loredan 18, 35127 Padova, Italy; (G.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Baldo
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Via Loredan 18, 35127 Padova, Italy; (G.G.); (V.B.)
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11
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Daniele A, Paradiso AV, Divella R, Digennaro M, Patruno M, Tommasi S, Pilato B, Tufaro A, Barone M, Minoia C, Colangelo D, Savino E, Casamassima P, Bruno E, Oliverio A, Pasanisi P. The Role of Circulating Adiponectin and SNP276G>T at ADIPOQ Gene in BRCA-mutant Women. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 17:301-307. [PMID: 32345671 PMCID: PMC7259884 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental factors may influence the lifetime risk of cancer (penetrance) in women with a BRCA mutation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 89 BRCA-mutant women, affected or unaffected by breast/ovarian cancer, we explored serum levels of adipokines and their relation with the polymorphism SNP276G>T as modulators of BRCA penetrance. RESULTS Affected women had significantly lower adiponectin than healthy women. Affected women with rs1501299 TT had significantly lower adiponectin and higher leptin than GT and GG genotypes. GT genotype was significantly associated with the disease status [odds ratio (OR)=3.24, 95% confidence interval (95% CI)=1.03-10.17]. Women in the lower tertile of serum adiponectin had a RR of BRCA-associated cancer of 2.80, 95% CI=1.1-7.1 (p for trend=0.03) compared with women in the higher tertile. CONCLUSION In the SNP rs1501299 the T allele was significantly associated with lower serum levels of adiponectin in affected women, suggesting that the T allele might be related to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Daniele
- Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Virgilio Paradiso
- Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Divella
- Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Digennaro
- Experimental Oncology - Center for Study of Heredo-Familial Tumors - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Margherita Patruno
- Experimental Oncology - Center for Study of Heredo-Familial Tumors - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Brunella Pilato
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Tufaro
- Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Barone
- Gastroenterology Section, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Carla Minoia
- Onco-Hematology Unit - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Donatella Colangelo
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Eufemia Savino
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Porzia Casamassima
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory - IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Bruno
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit - Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andreina Oliverio
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit - Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pasanisi
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit - Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
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12
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Zhou S, Jin J, Wang J, Zhang Z, Huang S, Zheng Y, Cai L. Effects of Breast Cancer Genes 1 and 2 on Cardiovascular Diseases. Curr Probl Cardiol 2019; 46:100421. [PMID: 31558344 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Carriers of mutations of breast cancer gene 1 and/or 2 (BRCA1/2) have a higher risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers at a relatively young age. Recently, a causative role for BRCA1/2 in cardiovascular diseases has been emerging. In this review, we summarize currently available evidence obtained from studies on animal models and human BRCA1/2 mutation carriers that shows a correlation of BRCA1/2 deficiency with various cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic heart disease, atherosclerosis, and chemotherapy-linked cardiac muscle disorders. We also discuss one of the major mechanisms by which BRCA1/2 protects the heart against oxidative stress, ie mediating the activity of Nrf2 and its downstream targets that govern antioxidant signaling. More research is needed to elucidate whether the carriers of the BRCA1/2 mutations with ovarian and breast cancers have increased susceptibility to chemotherapy-induced cardiac functional impairment.
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13
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Powell CB, Alabaster A, Armstrong MA, Stoller N, Raine-Bennett T. Risk of cardiovascular disease in women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 151:489-493. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Koobotse M, Holly J, Perks C. Elucidating the novel BRCA1 function as a non-genomic metabolic restraint in ER-positive breast cancer cell lines. Oncotarget 2018; 9:33562-33576. [PMID: 30323899 PMCID: PMC6173354 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Within populations carrying the same genetic predisposition, the penetrance of BRCA1 mutations has increased over time. Although linked to changes in lifestyle factors associated with energy metabolism, these observations cannot be explained by the established role of BRCA1 in DNA repair alone. We manipulated BRCA1 expression using tetracycline in the UBR60-bcl2 cell line (which has an inducible, tetracycline-regulated BRCA1 expression) and siRNA in oestrogen receptor(ER)-positive MCF7 and T47D breast cancer cells. Cellular responses to BRCA1 silencing and IGF-I actions were investigated using western blotting, 3-H Thymidine incorporation assay, cell fractionation and co-immunoprecipitation. We demonstrated that the loss of BRCA1 resulted in downregulation of a phosphorylated and inactive form of acetyl CoA Carboxylase-α (ACCA), with a concomitant increase in fatty acid synthase (FASN) abundance. BRCA1 was predominantly cytoplasmic in ER-positive breast cancer cells, compatible with the observation that BRCA1 physically associates with phosphorylated ACCA, which is a cytoplasmic protein. We also found that IGF-I induced de-phosphorylation of ACCA by reducing the interaction between BRCA1 and phosphorylated ACCA. BRCA1 deficiency enhanced the non-genomic effects of IGF-I, as well as the proliferative responses of cells to IGF-I. We characterized a novel, non-genomic role for BRCA1 in restraining metabolic activity and IGF-I anabolic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Koobotse
- IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Allied Health Professions, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Jeff Holly
- IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Claire Perks
- IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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15
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Li SY, Wu HC, Mai HF, Zhen JX, Li GS, Chen SJ. Microarray-based analysis of whole-genome DNA methylation profiling in early detection of breast cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:658-670. [PMID: 30203578 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicated that changes in DNA methylation early in breast cancer (BC) development might be clinically relevant for therapeutic decisions. Through analysis of whole-genome gene expression microarray and DNA methylation microarray, we explored genes with abnormal DNA methylation in BC for early detection. Firstly, human BC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were collected from nine BC patients. Gene expression microarray sequencing was conducted for identifying differentially expressed genes and DNA methylation microarray sequencing for differentially methylated genes in BC. Differentially expressed genes and methylated genes in BC were further explored using the Cancer Genome Atlas database. The correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression was illustrated by multiple comparisons. In other 60 clinical samples, methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription quantitative PCR were applied for the methylation of HOXA4 and IGF1 genes in BC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. In total, 1680 upregulated genes and 1249 downregulated genes were determined in BC. Chromosome 16 and 17 showed more differentially methylated genes, and DNA methylation level was increased in BC tissues in each gene region. Chromosome 19 showed more differentially methylated genes, and DNA methylation level was increased in BC tissues in the exoniensis 1, untranslated region-5 and transcriptional start site 200 gene regions. In other 60 clinical samples, HOXA4 and IGF1 in BC tissues presented increased DNA methylation and decreased gene expression in BC. MCF7 cells treated with RG108 showed decreased HOXA4 and IGF1 expressions. It was estimated that HOXA4 and IGF1 were identified with increased DNA methylation and decreased gene expression in BC, which may serve as biomarkers in early BC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ying Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University, Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM201606088), Shenzhen, China
| | - Hua-Cong Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University, Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM201606088), Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui-Fen Mai
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University, Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM201606088), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian-Xin Zhen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University, Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM201606088), Shenzhen, China
| | - Gui-Sen Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University, Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM201606088), Shenzhen, China
| | - Shao-Jun Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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16
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A Dietary Intervention to Lower Serum Levels of IGF-I in BRCA Mutation Carriers. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10090309. [PMID: 30181513 PMCID: PMC6162406 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10090309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and other markers of insulin resistance (IRm) might influence the penetrance of BRCA gene mutation. In a demonstration project on BRCA mutation carriers we tested the effect of the 'Mediterranean diet', with moderate protein restriction, on serum levels of IGF-I and IRm. METHODS BRCA mutation carriers, with or without breast cancer, aged 18⁻70 years and without metastases were eligible. After the baseline examinations, women were randomized to an active dietary intervention or to a control group. The intervention group attended six full days of life-style intervention activities (cookery classes followed by lunch, sessions of walking for 45 min and nutritional conferences) over the next six months. RESULTS 213 BRCA mutation carriers completed the six-month study. Women in the intervention group (110) showed major changes in all the parameters under study. They significantly lost weight (p < 0.001), fat mass (p = 0.002), with reduced hip circumference (p = 0.01), triglycerides (p = 0.02) and IGF-I (p = 0.02) compared with controls. They also had a significantly higher levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFI-BP3) (p = 0.03) and a lower IGF-I/IGFI-BP3 ratio (p = 0.04). The reduction of serum levels of IGF-I was significantly associated with the reduction in the consumption of animal products (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Women in the intervention group showed significant improvements in IGF-I and in other IRm that might influence the penetrance of BRCA mutations.
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17
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Dash C, Taylor T, Makambi K, Hicks J, Hagberg J, Adams-Campbell LL. Effect of exercise on metabolic syndrome in black women by family history and predicted risk of breast cancer: The FIERCE Study. Cancer 2018; 124:3355-3363. [PMID: 29975403 PMCID: PMC6108932 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the effects of supervised and home-based exercise interventions on changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to breast cancer risk (high vs low) in black women enrolled in the Focused Intervention on Exercise to Reduce Cancer (FIERCE) trial. METHODS Postmenopausal, obese, metabolically unhealthy black women, 45 to 65 years old, were randomized to supervised aerobic exercise (73 women), home-based walking-based exercise (69 women), or a control arm (71 women). Participants in the exercise arms underwent a 6-month intervention with study assessments conducted at the baseline and 6 months. The primary outcome measure was MetS (fasting glucose, waist circumference, blood pressure, serum triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein [HDL]). The intervention effects on MetS, stratified by breast cancer risk as measured by the family history of breast cancer and model-based projected breast cancer risk, were examined with intent-to-treat analyses using generalized estimating equation models. RESULTS Among women with a family history of breast cancer, the exercise arms had lower mean MetS z scores, which suggested an improvement in the metabolic profile, than controls at 6 months (controls, + 0.55; home-based arm, -0.97, P < .01; supervised arm, -0.89, P < .01). Stratified analyses by projected breast cancer risk suggested similar but statistically nonsignificant findings, with those at high risk having more favorable changes in the MetS z score in the exercise arms versus the control arm. These changes were primarily attributable to changes in blood pressure, triglycerides, and HDL. CONCLUSIONS Short-term aerobic activity regimens may improve the metabolic profile and thereby reduce breast cancer risk in obese, metabolically unhealthy black women at high risk for cancer. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjeev Dash
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Teletia Taylor
- Howard University Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington D.C
| | - Kepher Makambi
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Jennifer Hicks
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - James Hagberg
- University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD
| | - Lucile L. Adams-Campbell
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
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18
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Current perspectives between metabolic syndrome and cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:38959-38972. [PMID: 27029038 PMCID: PMC5122443 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors that lead to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent studies linked metabolic syndrome and several types of cancer. Although metabolic syndrome may not necessarily cause cancer, it is linked to poorer cancer outcomes including increased risk of recurrence and overall mortality. This review tends to discuss the major biological and physiological alterations involved in the increase of incidence and mortality of cancer patients affected by metabolic syndrome. We focus on metabolic syndrome-associated visceral adiposity, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) pathway as well as estrogen signaling and inflammation. Several of these factors are also involved in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. A better understanding of the link between metabolic syndrome and cancer may provide new insight about oncogenesis. Moreover, prevention of metabolic syndrome - related alterations may be an important aspect in the management of cancer patients during simultaneous palliative care.
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19
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Bruno E, Manoukian S, Venturelli E, Oliverio A, Rovera F, Iula G, Morelli D, Peissel B, Azzolini J, Roveda E, Pasanisi P. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Metabolic Syndrome in BRCA Mutation Carriers. Integr Cancer Ther 2017; 17:153-160. [PMID: 28741383 PMCID: PMC5950953 DOI: 10.1177/1534735417721015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Insulin resistance is associated with higher breast
cancer (BC) penetrance in BRCA mutation carriers. Metabolic
syndrome (MetS), an insulin resistance syndrome, can be reversed by adhering to
the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). In a dietary intervention trial on
BRCA mutation carriers, we evaluated adherence to the
MedDiet, and the association with the MetS, by analyzing data from the
Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS). Methods. BRCA
mutation carriers, with or without BC, aged 18 to 70 years, were eligible for
the trial. After the baseline examinations, women were randomized to a dietary
intervention or to a control group. Both groups completed the MEDAS at baseline
and at the end of the dietary intervention. Results. A total of
163 women completed the 6 months of dietary intervention. Compared with
controls, the women in the intervention group significantly reduced their
consumption of red meat (P < .01) and commercial sweets
(P < .01) and their MEDAS score rose significantly (+1.3
vs +0.55, P = .02). The number of MetS parameters decreased
with increasing points of adherence to the MEDAS score (P =
.01). In the intervention group, there was a significant association with the
greater reduction of MetS. Conclusion. BRCA mutation carriers
in the intervention group experienced greater improvement in their MedDiet and
MetS parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Bruno
- 1 Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,2 University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniele Morelli
- 1 Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernard Peissel
- 1 Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Azzolini
- 1 Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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van Westerop L, Arts-de Jong M, Hoogerbrugge N, de Hullu J, Maas A. Cardiovascular risk of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers: A review. Maturitas 2016; 91:135-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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M'hamdi H, Baizig NM, ELHadj OE, M'hamdi N, Attia Z, Gritli S, Gamoudi A, El May MV, A El May. Usefulness of IGF-1 serum levels as diagnostic marker of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Immunobiology 2016; 221:1304-8. [PMID: 27312888 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of IGF-1 in promoting cancer has been investigated for many years. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between rates of IGF-1 and NPC and to evaluate association of IGF-1 with clinical parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS IGF-1 levels was measured by Elisa test among 82 NPC patients and 60 healthy controls RESULTS Our results showed, for the first time, a significant increased levels of IGF-I in NPC by in comparison with healthy controls (p<0.01). According to the age, sex and tumor size of NPC patients, we demonstrated that IGF-1 concentrations are significantly higher in NPC aged over 30 years compared to patients aged less than 30 years (p<0.01). The IGF-1 levels are, also, higher among women compared to men (p<0.01). The concentrations of IGF-1 were positively correlated with tumor size of NPC patients (p<0.01). CONCLUSION IGF-I could be a good nasopharyngeal cancer diagnostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M'hamdi
- Laboratory of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Institute of Carcinology; Salah Azaiz, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - N Mokni Baizig
- Laboratory of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Institute of Carcinology; Salah Azaiz, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - O ElAmine ELHadj
- Laboratory of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Institute of Carcinology; Salah Azaiz, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - N M'hamdi
- Department of Animal Sciences National Institute of Agronomy of Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Z Attia
- Department of ORL. Institute of Carcinology Salah Azaiz of Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - S Gritli
- Department of ORL. Institute of Carcinology Salah Azaiz of Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - A Gamoudi
- Laboratory of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Institute of Carcinology; Salah Azaiz, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - M Veronique El May
- Research Unit 01/UR/08-07.Faculty of Medicine, Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar,Tunisia.
| | - A El May
- Laboratory of Immuno-Histo-Cytology, Institute of Carcinology; Salah Azaiz, Tunis, Tunisia.
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22
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Amin O, Beauchamp MC, Nader PA, Laskov I, Iqbal S, Philip CA, Yasmeen A, Gotlieb WH. Suppression of Homologous Recombination by insulin-like growth factor-1 inhibition sensitizes cancer cells to PARP inhibitors. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:817. [PMID: 26510816 PMCID: PMC4625613 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Impairment of homologous recombination (HR) is found in close to 50 % of ovarian and breast cancer. Tumors with BRCA1 mutations show increased expression of the Insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF-1R). We previously have shown that inhibition of IGF-1R results in growth inhibition and apoptosis of ovarian tumor cells. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between HR and sensitivity to IGF-1R inhibition. Further, we hypothesized that IGF-1R inhibition might sensitize HR proficient cancers to Poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Methods Using ovarian and breast cancer cellular models with known BRCA1 status, we evaluated their HR functionality by RAD51 foci formation assay. The 50 % lethal concentration (LC50) of Insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor kinase inhibitor (IGF-1Rki) in these cells was assessed, and western immunoblotting was performed to determine the expression of proteins involved in the IGF-1R pathway. Moreover, IGF-1R inhibitors were added on HR proficient cell lines to assess mRNA and protein expression of RAD51 by qPCR and western blot. Also, we explored the interaction between RAD51 and Insulin receptor substance 1 (IRS-1) by immunoprecipitation. Next, combination effect of IGF-1R and PARP inhibitors was evaluated by clonogenic assay. Results Cells with mutated/methylated BRCA1 showed an impaired HR function, and had an overactivation of the IGF-1R pathway. These cells were more sensitive to IGF-1R inhibition compared to HR proficient cells. In addition, the IGF-IR inhibitor reduced RAD51 expression at mRNA and protein levels in HR proficient cells, and sensitized these cells to PARP inhibitor. Conclusion Targeting IGF-1R might lead to improved personalized therapeutic approaches in cancer patients with HR deficiency. Targeting both PARP and IGF-1R might increase the clinical efficacy in HR deficient patients and increase the population of patients who may benefit from PARP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oreekha Amin
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada. .,Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada.
| | - Marie-Claude Beauchamp
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada. .,Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada.
| | - Paul Abou Nader
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada.
| | - Ido Laskov
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada. .,Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada.
| | - Sanaa Iqbal
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada.
| | - Charles-André Philip
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada.
| | - Amber Yasmeen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada. .,Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada. .,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Walter H Gotlieb
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada. .,Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, McGill University, 3755 Cote Ste. Catherine Road, Montreal, H3T 1E2, QC, Canada. .,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Kim J, Johnson L, Skrzynia C, Buchanan A, Gracia C, Mersereau JE. Prospective multicenter cohort study of estrogen and insulin-like growth factor system in BRCA mutation carriers. Cancer Causes Control 2015; 26:1087-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s10552-015-0601-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Christopoulos PF, Msaouel P, Koutsilieris M. The role of the insulin-like growth factor-1 system in breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:43. [PMID: 25743390 PMCID: PMC4335664 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0291-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IGF-1 is a potent mitogen of major importance in the mammary gland. IGF-1 binding to the cognate receptor, IGF-1R, triggers a signaling cascade leading to proliferative and anti-apoptotic events. Although many of the relevant molecular pathways and intracellular cascades remain to be elucidated, a growing body of evidence points to the important role of the IGF-1 system in breast cancer development, progression and metastasis. IGF-1 is a point of convergence for major signaling pathways implicated in breast cancer growth. In this review, we provide an overview and concise update on the function and regulation of IGF-1 as well as the role it plays in breast malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis F Christopoulos
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Goudi, Athens, Greece.
| | - Pavlos Msaouel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Michael Koutsilieris
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Goudi, Athens, Greece.
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Abstract
High serum levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) are associated with an increased risk of sporadic breast cancer (BC). Furthermore, insulin and markers of insulin resistance, such as abdominal obesity, high blood glucose, high serum testosterone and metabolic syndrome, may affect both BC incidence and prognosis. We hypothesized that all these factors might be relevant also for hereditary BC, due to a deleterious mutation of BRCA genes. Epidemiological observation suggested that weight, energy intake (usually associated with higher bio-availability of growth factors) and physical activity may be relevant in BRCA mutation carriers. Mechanistic studies hypothesized a functional interaction between BRCA genes and the IGF-I system. We have provided some evidence that high serum levels of IGF-I are associated with a significantly increased penetrance. We are recruiting a larger cohort of BRCA mutation carriers in order to test potential modulators of penetrance and prognosis. Within this cohort, we have planned a randomized controlled trial to test whether moderate calorie and protein restriction, together with physical activity, decrease IGF-I. Eligible study subjects are women with or without BC, aged 18-70, with a proven deleterious BRCA mutation, and without metastases. All the women will receive recommendations for the dietary prevention of cancer. The women will be then randomized into an active life-style intervention group and into a control group that will receive only the baseline recommendations. We expect to significantly reduce IGF-I in the intervention group. This trial and the subsequent cohort follow-up might open up primary prevention options for genetic BC.
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Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has a direct effect on cellular proliferation and survival, and interacts with genetic and environmental factors implicated in causing cancer. Experimental, clinical, and epidemiological evidence show that the IGF signalling pathways are important mediators in the biochemical and molecular chain of events that lead from a phenotypically normal cell to one harbouring neoplastic traits. BRCA1 and BRCA2 have an important role in the development of hereditary and sporadic breast and ovarian cancer. Recent evidence suggests that risk of cancer conferred by BRCA mutations can be modified by genetic and environmental factors, including ambient concentrations of IGF-1 and polymorphisms in IGF system components. This Review addresses interactions between the IGF and BRCA1 signalling pathways, and emphasises the convergence of IGF-1-mediated cell survival, proliferative pathways, and BRCA1-mediated tumour protective pathways. Understanding the complex interactions between these signalling pathways might improve our understanding of basic molecular oncology processes and help to identify new molecular targets, predictive biomarkers, and approaches for optimising cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Djiogue S, Nwabo Kamdje AH, Vecchio L, Kipanyula MJ, Farahna M, Aldebasi Y, Seke Etet PF. Insulin resistance and cancer: the role of insulin and IGFs. Endocr Relat Cancer 2013. [PMID: 23207292 DOI: 10.1530/erc-12-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Insulin, IGF1, and IGF2 are the most studied insulin-like peptides (ILPs). These are evolutionary conserved factors well known as key regulators of energy metabolism and growth, with crucial roles in insulin resistance-related metabolic disorders such as obesity, diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as associated immune deregulations. A growing body of evidence suggests that insulin and IGF1 receptors mediate their effects on regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, glucose transport, and energy metabolism by signaling downstream through insulin receptor substrate molecules and thus play a pivotal role in cell fate determination. Despite the emerging evidence from epidemiological studies on the possible relationship between insulin resistance and cancer, our understanding on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that might account for this relationship remains incompletely understood. The involvement of IGFs in carcinogenesis is attributed to their role in linking high energy intake, increased cell proliferation, and suppression of apoptosis to cancer risks, which has been proposed as the key mechanism bridging insulin resistance and cancer. The present review summarizes and discusses evidence highlighting recent advances in our understanding on the role of ILPs as the link between insulin resistance and cancer and between immune deregulation and cancer in obesity, as well as those areas where there remains a paucity of data. It is anticipated that issues discussed in this paper will also recover new therapeutic targets that can assist in diagnostic screening and novel approaches to controlling tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefirin Djiogue
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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