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Zhang M, Li W, Zhang X, Bi M, Wang X, Sun F, Lu J, Chi Y, Han Y, Li Q, Li T. Lamprey VDAC2: Suppressing hydrogen peroxide-induced 293T cell apoptosis by downregulating BAK expression. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 150:109622. [PMID: 38740227 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2) is the abundant protein in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Opening VDAC2 pores leads to the induction of mitochondrial energy and material transport, facilitating interaction with various mitochondrial proteins implicated in essential processes such as cell apoptosis and proliferation. To investigate the VDAC2 in lower vertebrates, we identified Lr-VDAC2, a homologue of VDAC2 found in lamprey (Lethenteron reissneri), sharing a sequence identity of greater than 50 % with its counterparts. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the position of Lr-VDAC2 aligns with the lamprey phylogeny, indicating its evolutionary relationship within the species. The Lr-VDAC2 protein was primarily located in the mitochondria of lamprey cells. The expression of the Lr-VDAC2 protein was elevated in high energy-demanding tissues, such as the gills, muscles, and myocardial tissue in normal lampreys. Lr-VDAC2 suppressed H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide)-induced 293 T cell apoptosis by reducing the expression levels of Caspase 3, Caspase 9, and Cyt C (cytochrome c). Further research into the mechanism indicated that the Lr-VDAC2 protein inhibited the pro-apoptotic activity of BAK (Bcl-2 antagonist/killer) protein by downregulating its expression at the protein translational level, thus exerting an anti-apoptotic function similar to the role of VDAC2 in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Wenwei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Mengfei Bi
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Feng Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jiali Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yan Chi
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yinglun Han
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Tiesong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Gong J, Zhu M, Zhan M, Xi C, Xu Z, Shui Y, Shen H. PcVDAC promotes WSSV infection by regulating the apoptotic activity of haemocytes in Procambarus clarkii. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 259:110697. [PMID: 34798242 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is programmed cell death that is strictly regulated by a series of related genes and is of great importance in resisting pathogen invasion and maintaining cell environment homeostasis. Among apoptotic proteins, the voltage-dependent anion channel protein (VDAC) plays a key role in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway because of its close connection with changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. However, the role of VDAC in apoptosis and immune regulation in Procambarus clarkii is poorly understood. In this study, the VDAC gene in P. clarkii (PcVDAC) was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technology. The gene was found to have a total length of 2277 bp, including a 194-bp 5'-UTR, 1234-bp 3'-UTR and 849-bp open reading frame (ORF), and to encode 282 amino acids. PcVDAC was expressed in all tissues tested, and its expression was upregulated after white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection (P < 0.05). The RNA interference (RNAi) method was used to explore the role of PcVDAC in WSSV infection. The results showed that the number of WSSV copies in haemocytes was significantly reduced after RNAi (P < 0.05), and the survival rate was significantly increased. In addition, after RNAi, the apoptosis rate was significantly increased (P < 0.05), the mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced (P < 0.01), and the expression of caspase-3 and other genes was upregulated (P < 0.05). These results indicate that PcVDAC promotes the replication of WSSV in P. clarkii by inhibiting haemocytes apoptosis. Therefore, the results presented in this paper provide new insights into the immune response of P. clarkii infected with WSSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gong
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Mengru Zhu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Ming Zhan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Changjun Xi
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Zenghong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Yan Shui
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| | - Huaishun Shen
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
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Li Y, Zhang L, Qu T, Li L, Zhang G. Characterization of Oyster Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 2 (VDAC2) Suggests Its Involvement in Apoptosis and Host Defense. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146049. [PMID: 26727366 PMCID: PMC4700975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic and transcriptomic studies have revealed a sophisticated and powerful apoptosis regulation network in oyster, highlighting its adaptation to sessile life in a highly stressful intertidal environment. However, the functional molecular basis of apoptosis remains largely unexplored in oysters. In this study, we focused on a representative apoptotic gene encoding voltage-dependent anion channel 2 (VDAC2), a porin that abounds at the mitochondrial outer membrane. This is the first report on the identification and characterization of a VDAC gene in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (CgVDAC2). The full length of CgVDAC2 was 1,738 bp with an open reading frame of 843 bp that encoded a protein of 281 amino acids. A four-element eukaryotic porin signature motif, a conserved ATP binding motif, and a VKAKV-like sequence were identified in the predicted CgVDAC2. Expression pattern analysis in different tissues and developmental stages as well as upon infection by ostreid herpesvirus 1 revealed the energy supply-related and immunity-related expression of CgVDAC2. CgVDAC2 was co-localized with mitochondria when it was transiently transfected into HeLa cells. Overexpression of CgVDAC2 in HEK293T cells suppressed the UV irradiation-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the pro-apoptotic function of CgBak. RNA interference induced reduction in CgVDAC2 expression showed a promoted apoptosis level upon UV light irradiation in hemocytes. The yeast two-hybrid system and co-immunoprecipitation assay indicated a direct interaction between CgVDAC2 and the pro-apoptotic protein CgBak. This study revealed the function of VDAC2 in oyster and provided new insights into its involvement in apoptosis modulation and host defense in mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxiang Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Qu
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Li
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail: (LL); (GZ)
| | - Guofan Zhang
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail: (LL); (GZ)
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